翻译技巧教案

Introduction to Translation

I. Teaching Objectives:

●To introduce the students the history of translation

●To introduce the students the definiton of translation and its classification ●To help the students realize the importance of translation

II. Important points:

●The defintion of translation ---- cross-linguistic, cross-cultural,

cross-social

III. Time allotment: 2 periods

IV. Teaching procedures:

1. lead-in

A story in bible which told how important translation was in the world.

2. The history of translation:

five climaxes abroad, four climaxes at home

3. The definiton of translation:

a. to turn from one language into another (The Oxford English Dictionary)

b. to turn itno one’s own or another language (Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English language)

4. The classification of translation

Intralingual translation/interlingual translation

Interpretation/translation

5. Preview

Translation standard

I. Teaching Objectives:

●To introduce variaties of theories about translation standard proposed by

different scholars

●To help the students learn the basic principles in translating as beginners II.Important points:

Faithfullness and smoothness

III. Difficult points

Yan Fu: “信”, “达”, “雅”

IV. Time allotment: 2 periods

Ⅴ. Teaching procedures:

1. Various theories:

a.Geogre Campbell (English translator): The first thing... is to give a just

representation of the sense of the original... The second thing is, to convey into his version, as much as possible, in a consistency with the genius of the language which he writes, the author’s spirit and manner...The third adn last thing is, to take care, the version have at least, so far the quality of anoriginal performance, as to appear natural and easy...(Venuti, 1995:75) b.Lefevere: 1. That the translation should give a complete transcript of the

ideas of the original work. 2. That the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original. 3. That the translation should have all the ease of original composition.(Lefevere, 1992b, 128) c.严复：信、达、雅

从严复本人对信达雅的解释来看，所谓“信”是意义不倍（背）本文，即忠实。“达”指不拘泥于原文的用词造句，而尽译语言这能事以求语义明显，近乎通顺。“雅”则要求译文必须用“汉以前的字法句法”，故可求其尔雅。但他又主张“与其伤雅，毋宁失真”，除特殊情况外，似有过分强调文笔优美的倾向。

2. Basic principles for beginners

概括起来，翻译要解决的根本问题有两个，一是“忠实”的问题，二是“通顺”的问题。所谓忠实，首先指要忠实于原作的思想内容，一般情况下，译者应把原作的思想内容完整而准确地传达出来，不得无端加以篡改、歪曲、遗漏或增删。这里所说的思想内容，通常指作品中所叙述的事实，说明的事理，描写的人物，以及作者在叙述、说明、描写的过程中反映的立场观点，所流露的思想情感。忠实还指保持原作的风格。

所谓通顺，是指译文语言必须通顺易懂，合乎规范。

在翻译中，忠实与通顺是一个矛盾统一体的两个方面，二者相辅相成，不可割裂。忠实而不通顺，读者看不懂，或者看不下去，忠实便失去意义，实际上就是不忠实；通顺而不忠实，读者看倒可能看下去，但是得到的是被歪曲的信息，其危害比忠实而不通顺还要严重。

3. Example(E-C):

a. The commuter dies with tremendous mileage to his credit.

b. I was with my father on a business-and-pleasure trip.

c. Size don’t matter, chopping woo

d...

4. From there I could see the whole valley below, the fields, the river, and the village. It was all very beautiful, and the sight of it filled me with longing.

4. Preview and exercises