2013西语专四
2013英语专业四级真题及答案
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART 3 CLOZE 15 MINDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passag e if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) _____ not be po ssible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) _____ the workers in government of fices who (33) _____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) _____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) _____ we need somewhe re to live and something to eat. But (36) _____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, differe nt people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) _____, which is called income tax, (39) _____. It is arrang ed in such (40)______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) _ ___ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)______ as high as ninety-five per cent! (43) _____ countries with taxation nearly (44) _____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.”Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) _____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) _ ___ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)___ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______ as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the p oor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33.A. look into B. look over C. look over D. look through34.A. In accordance with B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. personst B. sectors C. communities D. classes39.A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40.A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44.A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. way47.A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50.A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that bes t completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny ________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)? ______.A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nounsEXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)? ______.A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week.C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A.Let me drive you home, shall I?B.You will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind. ‘63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC.AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means ________.A. I was unable to doC. I was unable to stopB. I couldn’t understandD. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC.did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined part means _________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined pa rt means _________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION 25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Shee t Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant me ssaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can rep lace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying t ribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over t he past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit them selves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and m atters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information m ust be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way.（流行病）announced, the idea of “swine flu” many people. Informative speeches from World Health Orga nization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible preca utions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one an d gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson ,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisi ngly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话） before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at colle ge or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language willbe needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To lear n those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT ______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on ______ “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach f or my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music a nd one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototyp e, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big res earch effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a （抵押贷款） on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months t o get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company start ed selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often peo ple walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would the y look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anyth ing we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It’d kill us to take back all the produc tsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’tgadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire th at said you had an iPod ---that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like e veryone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees , the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish Icould say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certai n where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I’d been walking aroun d like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, n ot the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, be cause I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I c ouldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I’d started to get complacent. It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to a trophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”Theseweren’tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torren ts of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins. These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can’t change your behaviour by simply resol ving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a mu scle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, y ou‟ll probably do so, too.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed byhabit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don‟t try to ignore your afternoon snackcraving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulatethe neural（神经系统的）networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine yourown unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devisestrategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, inclu ding your relationship with yourself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting cert ain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formedby mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness. If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshene r, you're probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.96. Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model?A. Passion.B. Action.C. Capability.D. Determination.97. The 19th-century model supposedly does not work because ______.A. there were many other factors beyond one's control.B. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the time.C. the comparison of free will to a dam is groundless.D. what one wishes to do should be considered carefully.98. What is the main implication of the research at Duke University?A. Habit is key to one's behaviour.B. One's behaviour is difficult to change.C. Both habit and will power are important.D. Habit has an unidentified structure.99. According to the new character model, personal behaviour could be altered through ______.A. cues to stop all the former unconscious habits.B. cues to manipulate the habitual neural responses.C. techniques to devise different physical cues.D. techniques to supplement old routines.100. We learn from the passage that the new character model ______.A. stresses the neural and psychological aspects of habit change.B. can bring about changes in one's life like what advertisers do.C. has been used to change behaviour successfully.D. deals better with emotional aspects of behaviour.P ART VI WRITINGSECTION A COMPOSITION 45 MINMost of us, as students, are careful with our money in daily life: we collect all kinds of coupons;we look for group-buy deals if we eat out or travel; we don't buy clothes unless in a sale. However, so me people think that all this may not make us smart consumers. What is your opinion?Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words. You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons or your experience (s) to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.You should supply an appropriate title for your composition.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [10 MIN]Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation: Your former high-school classmate (Mathew or Grace) is coming to visit you in the dorm. But, you ha ve got something urgent to do and thus cannot wait for him/her there. Leave a note on the door, expres sing your apology and telling him/her how to find you. You must make clear where you are in the note.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.附：【答案详解】PART 1 DictationWhat is a dream for?One theory is that we dream to release the deep secret desires. We don't express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can't solve in real life. We go to sleep with the problem and wake up with the solution. This maybe a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important, then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution. The modern image is that the dreams are the brains' wave of cleaning up the computer's hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.PART 2 LITENING COMPREHENSION1-10 ABCAD ACAAD11-20 DCADB BBDAC21-30 DBADB CBBCAPART 3 CLOZE31-40 DACBD CBACB41-50 DCADB BCDBBPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY51—55 CDBAC 56—60 BDCAA 61—65 BBACA66—70 CABDA 71—75 CBDAC 76—80 CADBAPART 5 READING COMPREHENSION81-85 CACDB86-90 DACBC91-95 BDDAC96-100 DAACAPART 6 WRITINGSECTION A COMPOSITIONThe advantages of being careful with money in daily lifeNowadays, there is a hot debate on whether people, including students should be careful with their money in their daily life since they try their best to save money. Some people think it is not good to do so because this may not make people smart consumers. But in my eyes, the advantages of being careful with money in daily life outweigh the disadvantages.First, being careful with money is a virtue that can always benefit people. Being thrifty is of great help, especially when the economic status around the world is not very good and it becomes harder to earn money than before. A good habit of being careful with money will help many people go through this difficult period or any other difficult financial situation in their life. People with this awareness will think carefully before deciding to buy anything. For students, this awareness is also of great help since they mainly depend on their parents for financial supports. When they keep this awareness in their mind, they will definitely avoid wasting money.Secondly, being careful with money is, in fact, a good way of practicing how to manageone's money. In current society, it is necessary to learn something about finance. But theories are usually hard to learn. In contrast, most people can learn quickly by practicing. Being careful with money means an efficient use of money, which, in essence, equals to part of the job of a financial planner. Being careful with money can teach people to make best use of their money.It is true that being too careful with money may have some disadvantages; for example, it may cause people to ignore other aspects of commodities. But overall this behavior is good and has its reality basis. Money-consciousness is always needed in the market-oriented economy.SECTION BApril 20 Dear Mathew,I'm writing to show my apology for being unable to wait for you in my dorm. I'm really sorry but I have something urgent to do. You can come to Room 1003, No. 3 Teaching Building to find me. The map on the back of the note will help you. I'll wait for you there.Yours,Tom。
专四2013年真题
专四2013年真题TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT:130MIN PARTⅠDICTATION[10MIN] Listen to the following passage.Altogether the passage will be read to you four times.During the first reading,which will be done at normal speed,listen and try to understand the meaning.For the second and third reading,the passage will be read sentence by sentence,or phrase by phrase,with intervals of15seconds.The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.You will then be given1minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PARTⅡLISTENING COMPERHESION[20MIN] SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk.You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY.While listening,you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.Make sure the word(s) you fill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk.When it is over,you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.SECTION B CONVERSATINSIn this section you will hear two conversations.At the end of each conversation,five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY.After each question there will be a ten-second pause.During the pause,you should read the four choicesof[A],[B],[C]and[D], and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions.Now listen to the conversations.Conversation One1.[A]He is a psychologist.[B]He is a financial advisor.[C]He is a psychiatrist.[D]He is a best-selling author.2.[A]50%.[B]75%.[C]80%.[D]85%.3.[A]Many people have trouble in keeping and spending money wisely.[B]Money doesn’t necessarily bring happiness to people.[C]The more money people earn,the happier they will be.[D]Money brings comparatively more happiness to the low-income class.4.[A]The teacher.[B]The social worker.[C]The firefighter.[D]The manager.5.[A]Having someone who loves you.[B]Being healthy mentally and psychologically.[C]Having a successful marriage.[D]Having dutiful children.Conversation Two6.[A]Regrets are very annoying for people.[B]Regrets are very wonderful for people.[C]Regrets are very common to people.[D]Regrets are very puzzling to people.7.[A]It’s very simple.[B]It’s very difficult.[C]It’s impossibl e.[D]It depends.8.[A]Guilt hinders you from acting.[B]Guilt makes us blame ourselves.[C]Regret is something we should repress.[D]Regret makes us take action.9.[A]Having a view shift towards regret.[B]Identifying the regret.[C]Doing something to change the present situation.[D]Forgetting all about the regret.10.[A]The difference between guilt and regret.[B]The right way to deal with regret.[C]The mistaken view we hold on regret.[D]The definition of regret.PARTⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE[10MIN] There are twe nty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words,phrases or statements marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choose phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.Facing the board of directors,he d idn’t deny________breaking the agreement.[A]him[B]his[C]it[D]its12.Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?[A]Lucy insisted that her son get home before5o’clock.[B]She used to drive to work,but now she takes the city metro.[C]Walk straight ahead,and don’t turn till the second traffic lights.[D]Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.13.The following determiners（限定词）can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT________.[A]many[B]enough[C]more[D]such14.Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?[A]She opened the door and quietly went in.[B]Think it over again and you’ll get an answer.[C]Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.[D]He is somewhat arrogant,and I don’t like this.15.All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT________.[A]Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four[B]The school pupils will be home by now[C]The President is coming to the UN next week[D]He is going to e-mail me the necessary information16.Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?[A]Politics are the art or science of government.[B]The miles seems like a long walk to me.[C]Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.[D]All the furniture has arrived undamaged.17.Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?[A]He is not the man to draw back.[B]Larry has a large family to support.[C]Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.[D]There is really nothing to fear.18.Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?[A]I wish you could stay behind.[B]You will mind your own business![C]Come and have dinner with us.[D]Let me drive you home,shell I?19.Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?[A]Mary and her son must be home by now.[B]Careless reading must give poor results.[C]He must be working late at the office.[D]It’s getting late,and I must leave now.20.The following are all dynamic verbs（动态动词）EXCEPT________.[A]remain[B]turn[C]write[D]knock21.________to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.[A]Adhering[B]Adjusting[C]Adopting[D]Acquainting22.He is fed up with the same old dreary routine,and wants to quit his job.The underlined part means________.[A]hard[B]tiring[C]long[D]dull23.At last night’s party L arry said something that I thought was beyond me.The underlined part means________.[A]I couldn’t understand[B]I was unable to do[C]I couldn’t tolerate[D]I was unable to stop24.The couple________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.[A]did for[B]did in[C]did up[D]did with25.Sally contributed a lot to the project,but she never once accepted all the________for herself.[A]credit[B]attention[C]focus[D]award26.Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work.The underlined part means ________.[A]limited[B]unnecessary[C]overdue[D]much27.The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means________.[A]if an accident can be prevented[B]if an accident happens[C]before an accident[D]during an accident28.The court would not accept his appeal unless________evidence is provided.[A]definite[B]conclusive[C]eventual[D]concluding29.She really wanted to say something at the meeting,but eventually________from it.[A]refrained[B]prevented[C]limited[D]restricted30.The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted.The underlined part means ________.[A]cheerfully[B]light-heartedly[C]brightly[D]lightlyPARTⅣCLOZE[10MIN] Decide which of the wor ds given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank.The words can be used ONCE ONLY.Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.[A]addicted[B]allowing[C]beneficial[D]choice[E]coincidentall y[F]equivalent[G]extended[H]followed[I]indulge[J]nutrients[K]particularly[L]promising[M]proposition[N]recommend[O] specialtiesA small bowl of porridge each day could be the key to a long and healthy life,after a major study by Harvard University found that whole grains reduce the risk of dying from heart disease.Although whole grains are widely believed to be(31)________for health,it is the first research to look at whether they have a long-term impact on lifespan.Researchers(32)________more than100,000people for more than14years monitoring their diets health outcomes.Everyone involved in the study was healthy in1984when they enrolled,but when they were followed up in2010more than26,000had died.However,those who ate the most whole grains,such as porridge,brown rice and corn seemed protected from many illnesses and(33) ________heart disease.Oats are already the breakfast of(34)________for many athletes and also for dieters,who find the high fibre levels give them energy for a longer time.But scientists found that for eachounce(28g)of whole grains eaten a day—the(35)________of a small bowl of porridge—the risk of all death was reduced by5percent and heart deaths by9percent.“These findings further support current current dietary guidelines that(36)________increasing whole-grain consumption,”said the lead author Dr.Hongyn Wu of Harvard School of Public Health.“They also provide(37) ________evidence that suggests a diet enriched with whole grains may confer benefits towards(38)________life expectancy.”The findings remained even when(39)________for different ages,smoking,body mass index and physical activity.Whole grains are very popular in many dietary guidelines because they contain high levels of (40)________like zinc,copper,manganese（锰）and iron.They are also believed to boost levels of antioxidants （抗氧化物）which combat free-radicals.PARTⅤREADING COMPREHENSION[35MIN] SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple choice questions.For each question, there are four suggested answers marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1)The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over2,000years ago.Now,twitter,instant messaging, e-mail,blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.(2)The spoken word can handle various vital functions:persuading or inspiring,informing,paying tribute, entertaining,or simply introducing someone or something oraccepting something.(3)Over the past year,the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.(4)Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view.When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December2009,persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.(5)Inspirational speeches confront the emotions.They focus on topics and matters that are close to people’s hearts.During wars,generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.(6)A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us.The information must be clear,accurate,and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way.When the H1N1pandemic（流行病）was announced,the idea of“swine flu”（猪流感）scared many /doc/f512487721.html,rmative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.(7)Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting.Madonna’s speech about Michael Jackson,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.(8)It’s not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role.It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.(9)If you’re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument.In sports,athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates.You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.(10)On a more personal level,a friend may be upset and need comforting.Or you might be asked to introducea speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding,where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.(11)Great speaking ability is not something we’re born with.Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech.For a brilliant speech,there are rules that you can put to good use.To learn those rules you have to practice and learn form some outstanding speeches in the past.41.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role or public speaking?[A]Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.[B]Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.[C]The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers’speeches.[D]Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.42.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT_______.[A]to convince people in a debate[B]to inform people at a presentation[C]to advise people at work[D]to entertain people at a wedding43.What is the main idea of the passage?[A]Public speaking in international forums.[B]Public speaking in daily life context.[C]The many uses of public speaking.[D]The rules of public speaking.PASSAGE TWO(1)Every business needs two things,says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden:inspiration and desperation.In2001, Alden had both.He’d sold two snowboarding businesses,and he was desperately bored.But be had an idea:He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.(2)“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,”he explains.“Then I’m in a chairlift（索道）,I’ve got my headphones on,and I realize my phone is ringing.As I take my gloves off and reach for my phone,I think,‘It can’t be that tough to make headphones with two plugs,one for music and one for your cell phone.’”Alden described what he wanted to a designer,perfected a prototype,and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.(3)Alden then started designing headphones into helmets,backpacks—anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding.“Selling into board and skate shops wasn’t a big research effort,”he explains.“Those were the only guys I knew!”(4)Alden d idn’t want to be a manufacturer.And by outsourcing,he’d hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt.But he was wrong.But he was wrong.So he asked his wife,“Can I put a mortgage（抵押贷款）on the house?She said,‘What is the worst thing that can ha ppen?We lose the house,we sell our cars,and we start all over again.’I definitely married the right woman!”(5)For the next two years,Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers.“Factories won’t ship your product till they get paid,”he says.“But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door.So we paid the factory first.”(6)Gradually,non-snowboarders began to notice the colourful headphones.In2006,the company started selling them in1,400FY E(For Your Entertainment)stores.“We knew that nine out of ten people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time.Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead?We had agreed to buy back anything we didn’t sell,but we were dealing with huge numbers.It’d kill us to take back all the products.”(7)Alden’s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No.1headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to$120million in one year.His key insight was that headphones weren’t gadgets;they were a fashion accessory.“In the beginning,”he says,“that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool.But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else.Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and arehighly visible.”(8)Today,Skullcandy is America’s second-largest headphone supplier,after Sony.With79employees,the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.44.Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he________.[A]was no longer in snowboarding business[B]had no other business opportunities[C]saw an inconvenience among mobile users[D]was very fond of modern music45.What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?[A]He spent more money on product advertising.[B]He agreed to sell products at a discount.[C]He improved the colour design of the product.[D]He promised to buy back products not sold.46.Alden sees headphones as________.[A]a kind of device[B]part of fashion[C]a symbol of status[D]a sign of self-confidencePASSAGE THREE(1)I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.(2)“Sit down,”she said.(3)I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell.I laughed and said,“It can’t be that bad.”(4)But it was.Before the phone call,I had30years of retirement saving in a“safe”fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone,my savings were gone.I felt as if I had died and,for some unknown reason,was still breathing.(5)Since Bernie Madoff’s arrest on charges of running a$65million Ponzi scheme,I’ve read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on.I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before“the Call”,but I did not.(6)On New Year’s Eve,three weeks after we lost our savings,six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj’s house for dinner.As we were sitting around the table,someone asked,“If you could have your money back right now,bot it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it,would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”(7)My husband was still in financial shock.He said,“I just want the money back.”I wasn’t certain where I stood.I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open.I’d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost:always focused on the bite that was yet to come,not the one in my mouth.No matter how much I ate or had or experienced,it didn’t satisfy me,because I wasn’t really taking it in,wasn’t absorbing it.Now I was forced to pay attention.Still,I couldn’t honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back,I would turn it down.(8)But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable,and they didn’t th ink it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.(9)My friend Michael said,“I’d started to get complacent.It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy （萎缩）.Now they’re awake,alive—a nd I don’t want to go back.”(10)These weren’t just empty words.Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage apartment in three weeks.Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren’t sure where or how they were going to live.47.How did the author feel in the following weeks?[A]Desperate[B]Indifferent.[C]Disappointed.[D]Angry.48.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?[A]Her friends felt the same as she did.[B]Her friends valued their experience more.[C]Her friends were in a better financial situation.[D]Her friends were more optimistic than she.PASSAGE FOUR(1)In he19th century,there used to be a model of how to bea good person.There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you.Your job,as captain of your soul,is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness,lust,greed,drug use and the other sins.(2)These days that model is of fashion.You usua lly can’t change your behaviour by simply resolving to do something.Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence.It’s more like a muscle,which tires easily.Moreover,you’re a social being.If everybody around you is overeating,you’ll probably do so,too.(3)The19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will.Today,we know that free will is bounded.People can change their lives,but ordering change is not simple because many things,even within ourselves,are beyond our direct control.(4)Much of our behaviour,for example,is guided by unconscious habits.Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than40percent of the actions we take are governed by habit,not actual decisions.Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue,routine,reward.(5)You can change your own personal habits.If you leave running shorts on the floor at night,that’ll be cue to go running in the morning.Do n’t try to ignore your afternoon snack craving.Every time you feel the cue for a snack,insert another routine.Take a walk.(6)Their research thus implies a different charactermodel,which is supposed to manipulate the neural（神经系统）networks inside.(7)To be an effective person,under this model,you are supposed to coolly examine your own unconscious habits,and the habits of those under your care.You are supposed to devise strategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative,including your relationship with yourself.You’re trying to arouse certain responses by implanting certain cues.(8)This is a bit disturbing,because the important habitual neural networks are not formed by mere routine,nor can they be reversed by clever cues.They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings,like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness.(9)If you think you can change your life in a clever way,the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshener,you’re probably wrong.As the Victorians understood,if you want to change your life,don’t just look fora clever /doc/f512487721.html,mit to some larger global belief.49.The19th-century does not work because________.[A]it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the time[B]the comparison of free will to a dam is groundless[C]what one wishes to do should be considered carefully[D]there were many other factors beyond one’s control50.We learn from the passage that the new character model________.[A]has been used to change behaviour successfully[B]deals better with emotional aspects of behaviour[C]stresses the neural and psychological aspects of habitchange[D]can bring about changes in one’s life like what advertisers doSECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A.Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51.Why does the author think the spoken word is still irreplaceable?PASSAGE TWO52.How did Alden solve the money problem?PASSAGE THREE53.What did the author learn from T aj’s call?54.What is the message of the passage?PASSAGE FOUR55.What is the main implication of the research at Duke University?PARTⅥWRITING[45MIN] Should college students undertake a period of unpaid work helping people in the community or only do paid work?The following are the supporters’and opponents’opinions.Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about200words,in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue.Marks will be awarded for content relevance,content sufficiency,organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.YES NOThrough voluntary work in the community,college studentscan gain working experience and practice their skills,which are helpful for their future career life.For example,college students can improve their problem-solving abilities,communication skills and teamwork spirit via interaction with people in the community.As college students are easy to get lost in terms of what they want for their personal life,they will get a sense of belonging to the community through their work,which is beneficial for their work,which is beneficial for their personal development.The unpaid work of college students can reduce the financial burden of the community,which enables the local government to improve the residential environment or support the old and the handicapped.Unpaid social work might occupy college students’studying time,which will lead to a reduction in their learning efficiency in school.The community has to spend much energy ensuring college students’safety and avoiding potential confl icts between them because they come from different social backgrounds.With so many voluntary college students possessing different specialties and characters,the community has to do a lot of work to investigate them in order to make sure whether he or she is suitable for the job,so it’s difficult for the community to organize them to work systematically and efficiently.Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.—THE END—PARTⅡLISTENING COMPRENSIONSECTION A TALK下列各题必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在答题区域内作答，超出红色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。
2013专四
2013专四IntroductionThe 2013 specialty four (专四) English examination was a standardized test designed to assess the English proficiency of Chinese non-English major students. It was conducted in 2013 and consisted of various sections that tested reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. In this document, we will discuss each section of the exam in detail and provide some tips to help you prepare for the test.Reading SectionThe reading section of the 2013 specialty four English examination aimed to evaluate the test-t aker’s ability to comprehend and analyze various English texts. It included multiple-choice questions, gap-filling exercises, and short answer questions. The texts covered a wide range of topics, such as science, culture, society, and literature. To succeed in this section, it is essential to practice reading English articles regularly and develop strategies for skimming and scanning texts.Writing SectionThe writing section assessed the test-taker’s ability to write coherent and organized English essays. Topics in this section ranged from current social issues to personal experiences. It required the test-takers to express their opinions, provide examples, and structure their essays in a logical manner. To excel in this section, it is crucial to practice writing essays within a given time limit and understand the proper structure and usage of English grammar and vocabulary.Listening SectionThe listening section of the 2013 specialty four English examination evaluated the test-taker’s ability to understand various spoken English dialogues, speeches, and conversations. The materials included interviews, formal speeches, and casual conversations. To improve listening skills, it is recommended to listen to English podcasts, movies, songs, and engage in conversation with native English speakers whenever possible.Speaking SectionThe speaking section was designed to assess the test-taker’s ability to communicate effectively in English. It included individual presentations, group discussions, and role-playing exercises. In this section, it is crucial to express ideas clearly, use appropriate vocabulary and grammar, and engage in active interaction with other participants. To perform well in this section, practice speaking English with classmates, friends, or language exchange partners.Tips for Preparation•Start preparing early: Begin your preparation well in advance to have enough time to cover all the sections of the exam thoroughly.•Utilize available resources: Make use of textbooks, online resources, sample pap ers, and previous years’ question papers to get familiar with theexam format and style.•Create a study plan: Develop a study plan and allocate time for each section of the exam. Divide your time accordingly to ensure proper coverage of all topics.•Practice regularly: Consistency is key. Regularly practice reading, writing, listening, and speaking English to improve your overall proficiency.•Seek feedback: Ask for feedback from teachers, classmates, or language experts to identify your strengths and weaknesses. Focus onimproving weaker areas.•Time management: During the exam, manage your time effectively.Allocate specific time for each section and adhere to it to avoid running out of time.•Stay calm and confident: Maintain a positive mindset and stay relaxed during the exam. Confidence plays a crucial role in performing well.•Review: Before the exam day, revise important grammar rules, vocabulary, and key concepts. Practice mock tests to assess your readiness.ConclusionThe 2013 specialty four English examination was a comprehensive test that evaluated the English proficiency of Chinese non-English major students. To succeed in this exam, it is essential to practice regularly, develop strategies for each section, and maintain a positive mindset. By following the tips mentioned in this document and dedicating sufficient time to preparation, you can increase your chances of achieving a good score in the 2013 specialty four English examination.。
西班牙语考试指南
西班牙语考试指南西班牙语考试指南是什么西班牙语考试指南西班牙语专业四级考试题型(口语听力部分)西班牙语专业四级测试，口语听力部分总分50分。
(一般口语20分，听力部分30分)口语：口头话题作文。
共20分一般题目比较贴近学生的学习与生活，有具体内容可讲述。
听力：1：听写，共十分。
听写材料选择常识性内容短文，长度约130个单词左右，包括标点符号的`使用。
每出现一处错误相应扣分。
2：听力理解。
共20分。
听力理解材料选择以日常生活和学生熟悉的社会问题为内容的短文。
长度一般在400—500词。
连播放3遍文章，理解文章内容并做好笔记，然后按要求回答10个问题，平均每题2分。
西班牙语专业四级考试题型(笔试部分)笔试试卷分为语法，词汇，阅读理解与表达三部分。
笔试部分满分100分语法部分：冠词填空，前置词填空，冠词与前置词填空，动词时态填空，句子改错。
词汇部分：词汇选择，同义词填空，反义词填空，形容词位置选择，翻译句子阅读理解与表达部分：标出代词所指/形容词修饰对像/动诩主语，选择正确句子，回答非所问题，段落翻译，命题短文。
西班牙语考试内容DELE考试考试内容：DELE考试有三个级别，分别是:西班牙语水平证书(初级)初级基本沟通场景西班牙语水平证书(中级)中级日常生活场景西班牙语水平证书(高级)高级需要运用高水平的西班牙语及西域文化知识进行表达的场景西班牙语水平证书(初级)证明拥有者的语言水平足以应付基础交流的场景。
考试由以下几个部分组成：阅读理解(四十分钟)书面表达(五十分钟)使用常用的词汇书写简短的作文。
听力理解(三十分钟)语法和词汇测试(四十分钟)会话(十到十五分钟)+西班牙语水平证书(中级)证明拥有者的语言水平足以应付日常生活的基本场景，能够应付没有特别专业词汇要求的普通交流环境。
考试由以下几个部分组成：阅读理解(六十分钟)书面表达(六十分钟)，书写一封个人信件和一篇文章，字数均在150-200个单词之间。
西班牙语四级八级词汇
sospechar
tr.猜想，揣度
césped
m草地,草坪,草皮
castellamo
m.卡斯蒂利亚语
pulverizador
m喷雾器
probable
可能的
lineal
线的,枯竭的,线形的
triunfante
获胜的
teísmo
m有神论
lejos de
离……远
decir
competente
有能力(胜任)的,足够的,适当的
contemplación
f注视,心上pl殷勤
novelista
s小说家
académico, ca
a.学术性的s.院士
mareo
m头晕,晕船,晕车
avaro, ra
a贪婪的s吝啬鬼
correr
itr.跑
acorazado, da
a.坚强的,硬心肠的m.装甲舰
comisionado, da
a受委托的s委员,代表
diligencia
f勤奋,敏捷
voto
m投票,选票,投票板
desvelar
tr.使…不眠r失眠,操心
inconforme
不满意的,不同意的
abandonar
tr.抛弃
accesorio
a.次要的,附加的m.附件,配件
emblema
m标志,徽章,象征
s.杂技演员
tribuna
f讲台,看台
tintero
m墨水瓶
canciller
m (拉美某些国家的)外长
momia
f木乃伊,干尸
asfalto
m柏油,沥青
西班牙语考试指南
西班牙语考试指南西班牙语考试指南西班牙语DELE考试作为一门外语的西班牙语水平考试，相当于国内的托福、雅思考试。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的西班牙语考试指南，希望能给大家带来帮助!西班牙语专业四级考试题型(口语听力部分)西班牙语专业四级测试，口语听力部分总分50分。
(一般口语20分，听力部分30分)口语：口头话题作文。
共20分一般题目比较贴近学生的学习与生活，有具体内容可讲述。
听力：1：听写，共十分。
听写材料选择常识性内容短文，长度约130个单词左右，包括标点符号的`使用。
每出现一处错误相应扣分。
2：听力理解。
共20分。
听力理解材料选择以日常生活和学生熟悉的社会问题为内容的短文。
长度一般在400—500词。
连播放3遍文章，理解文章内容并做好笔记，然后按要求回答10个问题，平均每题2分。
西班牙语专业四级考试题型(笔试部分)笔试试卷分为语法，词汇，阅读理解与表达三部分。
笔试部分满分100分语法部分：冠词填空，前置词填空，冠词与前置词填空，动词时态填空，句子改错。
词汇部分：词汇选择，同义词填空，反义词填空，形容词位置选择，翻译句子阅读理解与表达部分：标出代词所指/形容词修饰对像/动诩主语，选择正确句子，回答非所问题，段落翻译，命题短文。
【相关内容】西班牙语考试内容DELE考试考试内容：DELE考试有三个级别，分别是:西班牙语水平证书(初级)初级基本沟通场景西班牙语水平证书(中级)中级日常生活场景西班牙语水平证书(高级)高级需要运用高水平的西班牙语及西域文化知识进行表达的场景西班牙语水平证书(初级)证明拥有者的语言水平足以应付基础交流的场景。
考试由以下几个部分组成：阅读理解(四十分钟)书面表达(五十分钟)使用常用的词汇书写简短的作文。
听力理解(三十分钟)语法和词汇测试(四十分钟)会话(十到十五分钟)+西班牙语水平证书(中级)证明拥有者的语言水平足以应付日常生活的基本场景，能够应付没有特别专业词汇要求的普通交流环境。
专四阅读2013真题及答案
专四阅读2013真题及答案The art of public speaking has been around for over 2,000 years。
XXX。
instant messaging。
email。
blogs。
and chat forums have emerged。
none can replace the impact of a great speech.The spoken word serves us important ns。
including persuading。
inspiring。
informing。
paying tribute。
entertaining。
introducing。
and accepting.In the past year。
the human voice has XXX.XXX。
For example。
during the Copenhagen summit in December 2009.persuasive words from activists XXX.XXX wars。
generals have used inspiring XXX.A well-delivered XXX of a topic。
To achieve this。
the n should be presented in a clear。
accurate。
and engaging manner。
For instance。
during the H1N1 pandemic。
the term "swine flu" XXX。
XXX.When faced with tragic events。
XXX about Michael Jackson after his XXX to live on through his music.Public speaking is not only important on the world stage but can also be XXX.The spoken word XXX it XXX it's in a debate。
西语专四备考真题答案解析
西语专四备考真题答案解析西班牙语专业四级考试（CCT4）是指北京外国语大学主办的西班牙语专业四级考试，是中国境内最具权威性和影响力的西班牙语考试之一。
为了帮助备考者更好地应对这一考试，本文将从几道真题入手，进行答案解析，希望对考生有帮助。
第一道题目是阅读理解题。
文章主要讲述了拉丁美洲的传统节日——“圣诞节”的庆祝方式。
首先，考生需要明确文章的主题和大意，然后仔细阅读文章，理解文章中的关键信息和语境。
比如，文章提到在墨西哥，人们会搞大型游行庆祝圣诞节，这样的信息可以帮助考生回答相关的问题。
在解答问题时，要注意选项的问句，理解问题的意思，再在文章中定位答案。
有时候，答案并不是直接出现在文章中，而是需要进行推断或者从上下文中获取。
同时，还要注意选项之间的干扰项，不要受到迷惑。
第二道题目是词汇翻译题。
这道题目要求考生将指定的一段话从西班牙语翻译成中文。
在解答这种题目时，一定要对所给的词汇非常熟悉，可以将其与中文对应的译文牢记于心。
同时，要注意句子的语法结构和逻辑关系，在翻译时保持准确和流畅。
第三道题目是听力理解题。
通过播放一段录音，考生需要根据听到的内容回答相关问题。
这类题目要求考生对听力和语音非常敏感，能够迅速辨别出声音中的关键信息。
在解答时，可以做好一些听力练习，提高自己的听力水平。
此外，要注意听力题目的时长和长度，有节奏地听，不要错过关键信息。
第四道题目是写作题。
考生需要根据所给的题目写作一篇短文。
在解答这种题目时，要注意文章结构的合理性和逻辑的连贯性。
开头要有一个引人入胜的段落，中间要有条理分明的段落，结尾要有合适的总结和结束语。
同时，要注意使用恰当的词汇和语法，掌握好写作的技巧和方法。
对于备考西班牙语专四考试，练习真题非常重要。
通过对真题的解析分析，我们能够更好地了解考试的要求和命题特点，提高备考效果。
同时，切记不要只做题目，还要多听、多读、多写，提高自己的语言能力。
相信只要付出努力，考生们一定能够取得优异的成绩。
2013专四真题及解析
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, list en and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the pa ssage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during thi s time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check th rough your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each questi on on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversa tions carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” cou ld beA. presents.B. fruits.C. sauce.D. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. roast turkey.B. sweet potatoes.C. meat.D. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob’s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German o nA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of th e conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages car efully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the pa ssage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry wea ther?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the pa ssage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advance s. The main reason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the pa ssage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something __________ to express their hope s for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year’s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's traditi on?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about __________ million dol lars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the follow ing problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules beca use theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on An swer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it(31) ______ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us;(32) ______ the workers in government offices who (33) ______ our health, our f ood, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) ______ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) ______ we need somewh ere to live and something to eat. But (36) ______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) ______ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) ______, which is called income tax, (39) ______. It is arranged in such (40) ______ that the poorest people pay no thing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ______ as the taxpayer's income gro ws. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) ______ a s high as ninety-five per cent!(43) ______ countries with taxation nearly (44) ______ have indirect taxati on too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.”Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) ______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) ______, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ______ but the poo r people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______, as the rich pay it.31.A. canB. mayC. couldD. would32.A. norB. neitherC. neverD. not33.A. look intoB. look overC. look afterD. look through34.A. In accordance withB. By means ofC. With reference toD. On account of35.A. as well asB. as good asC. as such asD. as much as36.A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as38.A. personsB. sectorsC. communitiesD. classes39.A. remainsB. staysC. existsD. happens40.A. formB. wayC. measureD. method41.A. quickerB. speedierC. moreD. larger42.A. grows upB. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43.A. ButB. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. And44.A. periodicallyB. almostC. oftenD. always45.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whom46.A. mannerB. formC. meansD. way47.A. eitherB. alsoC. tooD. often48.A. lentB. savedC. borrowedD. collected49.A. alikeB. likeC. asD. for50.A. heavierB. fairerC. finerD. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that bes t completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part funct ions as a (n) __________.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and unco untable nouns EXCEPTA. more.B. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you’ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relatio nship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It’s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expecte d.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night’s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn’t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother’s promise. The un derlined part means __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people n owadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the ar ea.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means __________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is pro vided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through t he house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually _____ _____ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily pain ted. The underlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. No w, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approa ches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or some thing or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and do wns of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from act ivists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matt ers that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring spe eches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. T he information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and inter esting way. When the H1N1 pandemic(流行病)was announced, the idea of “swine fl u”(猪流感)scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organizat ion officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could tak e sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to th e loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you’re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of th e soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk(鼓舞士气的讲话)before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be as ked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a weddi ng, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules tha t you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world proble ms.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pande mics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers ' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the auth or's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiratio n and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding business es, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new k ind of headphone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were lis tening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift(索道), I've got my head phones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two pl ugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wante d to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced(外包)manufacturing overs eas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into b oard and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn’t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he ask ed his wife, “Can I put a mortgage(抵押贷款) on the house? She said, ‘What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we st art all over again.’ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he sa ys. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 200 6, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) store s. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learni ng about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It’d kill us to take back all t he products.”Alden’s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in tho se stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the b eginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that w as cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visi ble.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Son y. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones asA. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my frien d Taj called.“Sit down,” she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hel l. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru(金融大亨).When I put down the ph one, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff’s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi sch eme, I’ve read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year’s Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mea n giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or wou ld you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money b ack.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had crackedme wide open. I’d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry gh ost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, because I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay att ention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said, “I’d started to get complacent. It’s as if the m uscles of my heart started to atrophy(萎缩). Now they’re awake, alive—and I d on’t want to go back.”These weren’t just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boa rders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someon e’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj’s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.。
2013西语专四笔试参考答案
I. Rellena los espacios en blanco con artículos o formas contractas de artículo y preposiciones en casos necesarios: (0.4×20 = 8 puntos)1. (1) / (2) el (3) /2. (4) la (5) una (6) / (7) el (8) un(9) /3. (10) / (11) un (12) / (13) una (14) del(15) / (16) la (17) del (18) / (19) /(20) alII. Rellena los espacios en blanco con preposiciones o la forma contracta del artículo y las preposiciones: (0.4×20 = 8 puntos)1. (1) de2. (2) entre (3) por3. (4) según (5) del4. (6) de (7) para5. (8) a (9) en6. (10) en (11) contra7. (12) hacia (13) entre (14) hasta8. (15) a (16) a (17) a (18) en(19) de (20) conIII. Pon en la hoja de respuestas los infinitivos en tiempo y persona o formas no personales：(0.5×24 = 12 puntos)1. (1) Hace (2) obtuviera / obtuviese (3) se tratara / se tratase(4) cambiando (5) ganan / ganen (6) resulta(7) encontrarse (8) aporta2. (9) me dijeron / me habían dicho (10) le prometí(11) vendría (12) falleciera (13) muriéndose(14) dispuesto (15) dejes (16) me recomendó(17) Estoy (18) le dará(19) pude / podía(20) decirle (21) lo haría (22) me había dicho(23) vayas (24) ExígeleIV. Selecciona la palabra apropiada y pon en la hoja de respuestas su forma adecuada:(0.5×20 = 10 puntos)1. (1) actuó2. (2) Al principio (3) cambió3. (4) invertir4. (5) menores5. (6) de todas maneras6. (7) a pie (8) al final de7. (9) tuvo (10) robar (11) encontró(12) dudó8. (13) elaboración (14) consumidores (15) se exporta9. (16) también (17) información (18) limitaciones (19) parezca(20) atendiera / atendieseV.Hay un error en cada una de las oraciones. Subráyalo y pon la forma correcta en la hoja de respuestas: (1×10 = 10 puntos)1. Generalmente unas veinte personas construyen un equipo de fútbol. (constituyen)2. Los alumnos, quien estudiaron mucho, aprobaron los exámenes con buenas notas.(quienes / que / los cuales)3. Quiero agradecer a mi abuela, sin cuya exigencia no estaré donde estoy. (estaría)4. Cuando empiezan a hacer algo, lo terminan aunque les cuestan. (cueste)5. Sigo pensando en el que nos propuso Carlos ayer. (lo)6. No parece evidente que llegan a convencerla. (lleguen)7. Entonces en el bosque conocí lo feroz que eran aquellas aves. (feroces)8. Hace un día espléndido. Queremos jugar a un partido de fútbol con ustedes. (去掉a)9. Julia no dejó llevar por las opiniones de los demás. (se dejó)10. Bueno. Les contaré de qué se trata la película. (去掉se)VI. Selecciona la expresión sinónima de la parte subrayada en cada oración y pon en la hoja de respuestas la letra que la encabece: (0.5×10 = 5 puntos)1. C. en lugar de2. B. Debido a3. B. han convenido en4. D. se concentra5. A. al mismo tiempo6. C. Me siento7. A. han nombrado8. D. se sostiene9. B. indicaba10. A. MientrasVII. Traduce al español en la hoja de respuestas las oraciones o párrafos dados:(19 puntos)1.毫无疑问很多发展中国家的教育体制都还有待改进。
西班牙专四词汇：人体部位
西班牙专四词汇：人体部位西班牙专四词汇:人体部位西班牙语是西班牙国家的语言，西班牙是一个位于欧洲西南部的君主立宪制国家。
是以下店铺整理的关于人体部位的西班牙专四词汇，希望对大家有所帮助，更多信息请关注应届毕业生网!ojo m. 眼睛(记忆为：鼻梁两边当然是两只萌萌的大眼睛啦)补充：Mucho ojo! 小心!bajar los ojos 害羞，宏顺，屈从Ojos que no ven, corazón que no siente. 眼不见心不烦。
al ojo 很近地，在眼前地;估量地，大概地延伸：ajo m. 大蒜 (手写体理解记忆：大蒜很呛又辣眼睛，辣的我左眼留下一行清泪~)补充：Quien se pica ajos come. 做贼心虚。
再延伸一个玩玩儿吧：eje m. 轴(线)，中等分，中心(人物)frente ( f.额头 m.前线) - ceja ( f.眉毛;山峰) - nariz ( f.鼻子;嗅觉) - boca ( f.嘴;孔)(记忆为:“T字区”真的是每个妹纸脸上最难保养的地方，不开心，果然它们没一个是阳性哈哈哈)补充:al frente 在……之前frente a 对着，面临着frente por frente 面对面hasta las cejas (口)到极点alguien quemarse las cejas 勤奋练习Narices! 去他的(生气拒绝)!Qué narices! 还怎么着(生气)!hacerse la boca agua 垂涎三尺mejilla f. 脸颊(早上起来不洗脸要是脸还“没黑呀”我也是服你~) cara f. 脸(萌妹纸标配2个小圆脸)→区别于mejilla补充：cara dura 厚脸皮cara a cara 面对面echar en cara a alguien/algo 指责某人hombro m. 肩膀(男人的担当就看他的肩膀能扛下多少…斤?，嗯，是这样的。
2013英语专业四级真题及答案详解(最新版本)
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR —TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART 3 CLOZE 15 MINDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) _____ not be po ssible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) _____ the workers in government of fices who (33) _____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) _____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) _____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) _____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) _____, which is called income tax, (39) _____. It is arranged in such (40)______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ____ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)______ as high as ninety-five per cent! (43) _____ countries with taxation nearly (44) _____have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties. ”Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) _____, there isa tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ____ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)___ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______ as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.PART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your an swers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn?t deny ________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive ( 同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word ( 复合词)? ______.A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners( 限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you?ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute( 名词替代词)? ______.A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week.C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind. ‘63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It ?s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs( 动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC.AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night ?s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means ________.A. I was unable to doC. I was unable to stopB. I couldn ’t understandD. I couldn ’t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC.did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother ?s promise. The underlined part means _________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined pa rt means _________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION 25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best ans wer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant me ssaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can rep lace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying t ribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over t he past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit them selves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and m atters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information m ust be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. （流行病）announced, the idea of “swine flu ”many people. Informative speeches from World Health Orga nization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible preca utions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one an d gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson ,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisi ngly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you ?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk （鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at colle ge or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To lear n those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT ______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on ______ “great speaking ability ”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation.In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music, ”he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach f or my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music a nd one for your cell phone. ”Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototyp e, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big res earch effort,”he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew! ”Alden didn ?t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get thebusiness off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a（抵押贷款）on the house? She said,, What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again. ?I definitely married the rightwoman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid, ”he says.“But it takes four or five months t o get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first. ”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company start ed selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often peo ple walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anyth ing we didn ’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It ’d kill us to take back all the produc tsAlden ?s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores andtripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren ’t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory.“In the beginning, ”he says,“that little white wire that said you had an iPod ---that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you ’r e just like e veryone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible. ”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees , the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,”she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe”fund with a brilliant financial guru （金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff ?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish Icould say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered atTaj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it,would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you? ”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back. ”I wasn't certai n where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I ’d been walking aroun d like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn ’t satisfy me, be cause I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I c ouldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, andthey didn ’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I ’d started to get complacent. It ’s as if the muscles of my heart started to a trophy（萎缩）. Now they ?re awake, alive—and I don ?t want to go back.”Theseweren’tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone ’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj ?s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention ”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torren ts of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins. These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can ’t change your behaviour by simply resol ving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a mu scle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, y ou?ll probably do so, too.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed by habit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits —cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don ?t try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulatethe neural（神经系统的）networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine yourown unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devise strategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, inclu ding your relationship with yourself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting cert ain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formedby mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness. If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshene r, you're probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don ’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.96. Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model?A. Passion.B. Action.C. Capability.D. Determination.97. The 19th-century model supposedly does not work because ______.A. there were many other factors beyond one's control.B. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the time.C. the comparison of free will to a dam is groundless.D. what one wishes to do should be considered carefully.98. What is the main implication of the research at Duke University?A. Habit is key to one's behaviour.B. One's behaviour is difficult to change.C. Both habit and will power are important.D. Habit has an unidentified structure.99. According to the new character model, personal behaviour could be altered through ______.A. cues to stop all the former unconscious habits.B. cues to manipulate the habitual neural responses.C. techniques to devise different physical cues.D. techniques to supplement old routines.100. We learn from the passage that the new character model ______.A. stresses the neural and psychological aspects of habit change.B. can bring about changes in one's life like what advertisers do.C. has been used to change behaviour successfully.D. deals better with emotional aspects of behaviour.附：【答案详解】PART 3 CLOZE31-40 DACBD CBACB41-50 DCADB BCDBBPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY51. Facing the board of directors,he didn't deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。
历年全国高校西班牙语专业四级笔试试题
历年全国高校西班牙语专业四级笔试试题国内的西班牙语等级的对象仅为在校西班牙语专业的本科生，每年5月左右考试。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的历年全国高校西班牙语专业四级笔试试题，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生!I.Rellena los espacios en blanco con artículos o formas contractas de artículo y preposiciones en casos necesarios: (6 puntos, 0.3×20) 评分标准：每错一个空扣0.3分;冠词写对，但大小写写错扣0.1分，缩合形式写错扣0.2分。
1.Cristina nos cuenta una anécdota acerca de la preferencia de comida de la Reina: –En los viajes de preparación de una visita de不填 Estado, nos preguntaban por los gustos de ella y siempre les decíamos que le encantaba el chocolate. Pero tuvimos que añadir algunas veces que no hacía falta que le ofrecieran 不填chocolate a todas不填horas.2.Se acerca la Nochebuena. Doña Amparo ha dejado un mensaje sobre la mesa del comedor a su marido. Le pide que le deje algo de不填dinero, que ya ha gastado el que le ha dado para la/una semana y no le queda para comprar el pavo de Navidad y darle un regalo a su hija. primera nevada de aquel invierno comenzó a caer por la mañana. Antes de abrir la puerta, él miró a través del cristal de una ventana para decidir si llevaba o no el/不填 paraguas.4.–Muy bien dicho. –repitió el hombre con su voz de不填soprano(男高音)–. Tiene usted toda la razón, 不填señor López.II.Rellena los espacios en blanco con preposiciones adecuadas o formas contractas de preposiciones y artículo: (8 puntos, 0.4×20) 评分标准：每错一个空扣0.4分;前置词写对，但大小写写错扣0.1分，缩合形式写错扣0.2分。
2013年专四答案
这是完型的原文自己找空吧Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a mode rn state . Without it, it would be impossible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our f ood supplies and our water, and who do all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor also the persons who govern the country for us. By means of taxat ion, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.Though everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different i deas about how taxation should be arrange d. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be a tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should eve ryone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is u sed, should everything be taxed equally?In most countries, a direct tax on persons, called an income tax , is used. It is arr ange d in such a wa y that the poor people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer 's income grows.Countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country are taxed . Of course, it is the people who buy these im ported things who really have to pay the duties , in the form of higher prices. In s ome countries, there is also a tax on things produced in the country itself. If the m ost necessary things are taxed , a lot of money is collected,but the poor people s uffer the most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed , less mo ney is collected, but the tax is fair er because the rich pay it.Probably this kind of indirect taxation, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement .单选复制的某老师微博66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting解析：这题没啥好说的，适应学校生活adjust to school life，选C。
西班牙语专业四级考试大纲
E 句子改错 (Hay un error en cada una de las oraciones. Subráyalo y pon la forma correcta) 测试要求： 考生应找出并改正试题中设置的错误。 测试形式： 试题为多个仅含有一处词汇或句法错误的单句。考生在答题纸相应的位置划 出错误并将答案写在下面。 测试目的： 综合测试考生语法和词汇掌握情况。 分值： 本项分值 8-10 分。每题 1 分。 样题：
Mi primo compró un departamento (1) el piso inferior (2) el mío (3) el mismo edificio. (答案：1. en 2. al 3. en) (1) razones históricas y climatológicas, la arquitectura española varía mucho (2) las regiones. El pueblo típico gallego es muy distinto (3) el pueblo típico andaluz. (答案：1. Por 2. según 3. del/al) 评分标准： 1． 前置词填写正确，给 0.4 分； 2． 未填写任何前置词，扣除 0.4 分； 3． 填写两个或两个以上前置词（无论是否包括正确答案），扣除 0.4 分； 4． 前置词填写正确，但未与冠词缩合，或缩合形式写错，扣除 0.2 分； 5．大小写错误，扣除 0.1 分。 C 前置词与冠词填空 (Pon preposiciones o artículos adecuados o formas contractas del artículo y preposiciones en casos necesarios) 测试要求： 考生能在理解单句或短文的基础上，并且在必要的情况下，写出冠词、前置 词或二者的缩合形式。 测试形式： 请考生写出正确的冠词、前置词或二者的缩合形式，使该句或短文意思恢复 完整，并将答案写在答题纸该题型相应的位置。 测试目的： 测试考生是否掌握前置词、冠词以及前置词和冠词的缩合形式的用法。 分值： 本项分值 8-10 分。每空 0.4 分。 样题： Pero, como en (1) buena película (2) suspenso（悬念）, (3) los días siguientes no pasó nada. Ningún indicio permitía advertir que la familia se había enterado de (4) escándalo del hijo. (答案：1. una 2. de 3. en 4. del) 评分标准： 1． 冠词或前置词填写正确，给 0.4 分；
2013西班牙语专四听力原文及答案
2013年全国高校西班牙语专业四级水平测试听写、听力参考答案第一部分：听写（Dictado, 10 puntos）TextoLas bodas son un asunto importante en España. En una boda tradicional, puedes encontrarte con toda la familia y el pueblo entero que la quiere celebrar. La mayoría de las bodas no empiezan hasta las seite de la tarde y terminan muy tarde. Una costumbre tradicional consiste en que los novios intercabian trece monedas como símbolo de que la salud la riqueza se comparten. También cortan la corbata del novio, y venden los trozos a los invitados para que les traigan buena suerte. Es praticado praticado por los mejores amigos del novio. Las bodas españolas no tienen damas de honor ni acompañantes del novio. Sólo la pareja sube al altar. En el banquete, la mesa principal se prepara para seis personas. Son las recién casados y los padres de ambos.(130 palabras)第二部分：听力理解(comprensión auditiva, 20 puntos)TextoEnrique Ⅲde CastillaUn día don Enrique Ⅲ, el rey de Castilla, fue de caza, aún era menor de edad y no debía ocuparse de los asuntos de gobierno. Cuando regresó al palacio ya había caído la noche.Muy cansado se sentó a la mesa y con gran sorpresa vio que nadie le atendía. Mandóal mayordomo para que fuera a investigar qué pasaba. Al poco tiempo éste regresó y le dijo con cierto nerviosismo que en el palacio no había nada que comer. Don Enrique pensó que se trataba de una absurda broma e insistió en que ya era la hora de la cena. Pero el mayordomo insistió en que la cocina estaba vacía.Comprendió entonces el rey que se le estaba diciendo la verdad y que no había ni un solo pedazo de pan. Entonces pensó que si su castillo estaba vacío cómo sería entonces la vida de los nobles.Preguntó tan insistentemente a su mayordomo que éste le confesó muy secretamente que los nobles del reino eran como ratones y habían robado los recursos del país para prevecho propio.Asombrado el joven Enrique, preguntócomópodía obtener puebas de semejante acusación, y el criado le respondió que esa misma noche uno de los nobles daba un gran banquete en su castillo, al que estaban invitados todos los nobles de la corte.El rey quedóasombrado de lo que oía, y después de meditar un rato confióa su criado el deseo de asistir a aquel banquete disfrazado para ver con sus propios ojos lo que ocurría. Al cabo de una hora se presentó ante las murallas del castillo donde tendría lugar la fiesta. Todo era lujo y alegría. El rey que iba vestido de pobre cantante no encontróobstáculo para entrar, porque los cantantes eran muy apreciados en la época. Durante el banquete cada uno de los nobles comenzóa contar con mucha emoción cómo habían aumentado sus riquezas gracias al joven e inexperto rey.Cuando terminóla fiesta, el rey salióy se dirigióal palacio pensando enfadado cómo vengarse de los malos administradoresde su reino.Decidiódías después celebrar un banquete e invitar a todos cortesanos. A la hora señalada de la comida ellos acudieron al palacio y fueron introducidos en el salón real. Pero su asombro fue grande cuando vieron que en vez de deliciosos platos en la mesa sólo había comida sencilla y un jarro de agua para cada uno. Después de la humilde comida, el rey les hizo pasar a una sala donde las ventanas estaban tapadas con cortinas negras. Al ver esto los nobles comenzaron a sentir temor. El rey, con enérgica voz, los amenazó con imponerles a cada uno un castigo severo.Los temerosos nobles se arrojaron a los pies del rey llorando y pidieron clemencia.El rey perdonóla vida a cambio de que devolvieran todo lo robado y le juraran eterna fidelidad, porque no quería empezar su reinado violentamente. De esta forma el rey se ganó el respeto de los nobles, que ya dejaron de verle como a un joven inexperto. (517 palabras)Preguntas y repuestas:（20puntos）1. ¿Qué hizo el rey aquel día y cuándo regresó al palacio?（2puntos）Aquel día el rey fue de caza, y cuando regresó al palacio ya había caído la noche.2. ¿Qué le contestó el mayordomo cuando el rey vio que nadie le atendía?（1punto）Le contestó que en el palacio no había nada que comer.3. ¿Qué le confesó el mayordomo cuando el rey preguntó insistentemente por la vida de los nobles?（2puntos）El mayordomo le confesó que los nobles del reino eran ratones y habían robado los recursos del reino para provecho propio.4. ¿Qué decidió hacer el rey al oír que esa misma noche uno de los nobles daba un gran banquete en su castillo?（2puntos）El rey decidió asistir a aquel banquete disfrazado para ver con sus propios ojos lo que ocurría.5. ¿Cómo consiguió el rey entrar en el castillo del noble y por qué no encontró ningún obstáculo?（3puntos）El rey sonsiguió entrar en el castillo del noble sin encontrar ningún obstáculo porque iba vestido de pobre cantante y los cantantes eran muy apreciados en la época.6. ¿Qué contaron los nobles con mucha emoción durante el banquete?（2puntos）Durante el banquete los nobles contaron con mucha emoción cómo habían aumentado sus riquezas gracias al joven e inexperto rey.7. ¿Por qué el rey decidió celebrar un banquete e invitar a todos los nobles?（2puntos）El rey decidió celebrar un banquete e invitar a todos los nobles para vengarse de los malos administradores de su reino.8. ¿Qué encontraron en la mesa los invitados al banquete del rey?（1punto）Los invitados encontraron muy asombrados que en vez de deliciosos platos en la mesa sólo había comida sencilla y un jarro de agua para cada uno.9 . ¿Cómo era la sala a donde entraron los nobles después de la comida y qué sintieron ellos dentro?（2puntos）Después de la humilde comida, el rey les hizo pasar a una sala donde las ventanas estaban tapadas con cortinas negras; entonces ellos comenzaron a sentir temor.10. ¿Cómo terminó el cuento?（3puntos）El rey perdonó la vida a los nobles a cambio de que devolvieron todo lo robado y le juraran eterna fidelidad, De esta forma él se ganóel respeto de los nobles, que ya dejaron de verle como a un joven inexperto.。
2013专四听力原文
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-PART I DICTATIONListen to the following passage.Altogether the passage will be read to you four times.During the first reading,which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning.For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence,or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds.The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Now, listen to the passage.What A Dream's For?One theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires./We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society./Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems /that we can't solve in real life. /We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution. /This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. /If you believe that your dreams are important, /then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem /and help you to find the solution. /The modern image is that dreams are the brain's way/ of cleaning up the computer's hard disk./ Dreams organize the events of the day into folders/ and delete what is not needed. /But we all know that very little of what we dream /is concerned with what happened to us that day.The second and third readings. You should begin writing now.One theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires.One theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires.We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society.We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society.Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problemsAnother theory is that dreams allow us to solve problemsthat we can't solve in real life.that we can't solve in real life.We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution.We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution.This may be a way to use our dreamsrather than a purpose of dreaming.This may be a way to use our dreamsrather than a purpose of dreaming.If you believe that your dreams are important,If you believe that your dreams are important,then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problemthen analyzing them may help you to focus on the problemand help you to find the solution.and help you to find the solution.The modern image is that dreams are the brain's wayThe modern image is that dreams are the brain's wayof cleaning up the computer's hard disk.of cleaning up the computer's hard disk.Dreams organize the events of the day into foldersDreams organize the events of the day into foldersand delete what is not needed.and delete what is not needed.But we all know that very little of what we dreamBut we all know that very little of what we dreamis concerned with what happened to us that day.is concerned with what happened to us that day.The last reading.One theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires./We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society./Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems /that we can't solve in real life. /We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution. /This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. /If you believe that your dreams are important, /then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem /and help you to find the solution. /The modern image is that dreams are the brain's way/ of cleaning up the computer's hard disk./ Dreams organize the events of the day into folders/ and delete what is not needed. /But we all know that very little of what we dream /is concerned with what happened to us that day.Now you have two minutes to check through your work.That is the end of part I dictation.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONIn Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two. SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.M: Hello Helen! Merry Christmas!W: Merry Christmas, Rob!You always get so excited on Christmas day.M: Come in, come in!W: Thank you. Wow!M: So, what do you think?W: That's amazing...so many decorations and what a beautiful Christmas tree! You must have spent ages doing this! It's beautiful!M: I like to do Christmas with all the trimmings!W: All the trimmings? I don't understand.M: All the trimmings---it means all the extra things that traditionally come with something to make it more special.W: I see. Like all these decorations?M: Yes. In my family, we have always had Christmas with all the trimmings, so we have a Christmas tree, decorations, gifts, Christmas songs, silly Christmas games and, most importantly, Christmas lunch. Come this way!W: A turkey for lunch!M: Now that is a roast turkey with all the trimmings! Not only is it a turkey, but we're eating it with all the things you traditionally eat with Christmas roast turkey: cranberry sauce, roast potatoes, gravy, stuffing, carrots.W: I think I understand what "all the trimmings" means now.M: It's an expression usually used with food, especially at Christmas and for the big roast dinners that we like to eat. I adore Sunday lunch with all the trimmings: roast meat, along with lots of vegetables and sauces and other traditional accompaniments.W: Mmmmm...M: Anyway, enough talk! Let's eat!W: Delicious. Thank you for inviting me.M: Well cheers to that and Merry Christmas--- with all the trimmings!W: Merry Christmas!Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.M: Hello, International Students Club. Can I help you?W: Oh, hello. I saw your advertisement in the students union today and I thought I'd phone to find out a big more.M: Yes, certainly. Well, we're a sort of social and cultural activity club for people from different countries. It's quite a new club. We have about 80 members at the moment, but we're growing all the time.W: Right, that sounds interesting. I'm Australian actually, and I came here about a month ago. So I'm looking for ways to meet some new people. Um... what kind of activities do you organize? M: Well, we have a range: cultural, sports, social and language activities.W: Could you tell me something about the language activities?M: Yes. Everyday except Thursday we have a language evening, where people can come and practice their languages. You know, over a drink or a bite to eat. We have different languages on different evenings. Monday, Spanish; Tuesday, Italian; Wednesday, German; and Friday, French. On Thursday we usually arrange a meal in a restaurant for anyone who wants to come.W: Well, that sounds great. I really need to practice my French and German.M: OK. Well, if you can just give me your name and address, I'll send you the form and some more details.W: Thank you. That's great. My name is…Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.M: So, you've been in Graduate Recruitment for five years?W: Yes.M: OK. Can I ask you a few questions about your work in Graduate Recruitment?W: Sure.M: What do you find difficult about the job?W: One problem is I don't have a background in IT. And sometimes I get asked difficult technical questions during interviews which I just can't answer. That can be a bit embarrassing.M: So how do you do with it?W: I find honesty is the best policy. I just tell them it's not my area and promise to contact one of our people from that field and email them back.M: And they're happy with that?W: Yes, it usually works.M: OK. I see you have a lot of job fair experiences. How useful do you think they are?W: Yes. Attending job fairs at universities is an important part of my job. I think they are really useful for making contact with Careers Development staff and prospective candidates. It can be pretty tiring though. And it means you’re out of the office a lot in the autumn and the spring. So we try to share the work between the three of us.M: That's fine. Now I'd like to know whether you've ever worked independently.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.Now the weather forecast. It's a mixed picture over the next few days. Today, very wet and windy in Northern Europe. You can see from the satellite picture that the highest temperatures, as they so often are, are in the southern parts of Europe, where it's also quite dry, particularly over the eastern parts of the Mediterranean. The forecast suggests that it's going to be quite cold over northwestern parts of Europe for the rest of the day, even some snow on the Scandinavian Mountains. So that's today's weather, with showery conditions in many parts of Northern Europe but the best of the sunshine in the south and throughout the Mediterranean. And pretty good but cool in the eastern parts of Europe, too. Now let's look at tomorrow's weather chart. Very much the same in the south except that the rain is starting to push down into the northern parts of the Mediterranean there. Elsewhere, staying fine in Eastern Europe and fine in central and eastern parts of the Mediterranean as well. But still wet and windy in many northwestern parts of Europe, including southern parts of Scandinavian, and a bit cool too.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.Once upon a time societies were organised around religion, farming, trade or industry. In many parts of the world today this is still true, but something else is becoming more important--- the exchange of information, and the technology that we use to do this. Twenty-four hour news,e-commerce, mobile phones, Global Positioning Systems... all these are making the world smaller and faster. The growth in telecommunications is giving more and more people access to the science that will help their country to develop or to acquire the medical knowledge that can fight disease. But how can everybody in the world share the recent technological advances? Millions of people cannot read these words because they don't have access to a computer. They don't understand English either. They don't even have a telephone. They are more worried about how far they will have to walk today to get clean water or if they can feed themselves and their families. For most people on this planet, information is not a priority. The United Nations is now trying to make the information society a reality for more of the developing world. Ten years from now, the plan is that everybody in the world will have a radio or television and that 50% of the world's population will have access to the internet from schools and universities, health centres and hospitals, libraries and museums. This will improve medical care and education, science and agriculture, business opportunities and employment.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.People worldwide celebrate New Year in different ways. In Latin America, people express their hopes through the color of their underwear. If you wore yellow, that supposedly enhances your chances for abundance and earning more money. If it was red, then you'll more likely find love in the New Year. And if you were wearing white underpants, preferably new and clean, then peace will be your top priority for the coming year. In the Philippines, people eat round fruits to bring good fortune while they are noisily banging together pots and pans. However, some New Year's traditions have nothing to do with luck. In Denmark, people throw their old dishes at the doors of their friends' homes each New Year's Eve. Thus, a front doorstep covered with broken plates suggests that the person inside has a lot of friends. Still, for all those who take part in grand New Year's events, there are many more who make their own traditions. It may be a small gathering of family and friends, watching New York's Times Square ball drop on TV, or loudly running through the neighborhood.Some may simply go to sleep early, so they can be energized for an early New Year's Day hike--- perhaps while wearing underwear that suits their mood, and wishes, for the New Year.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.Digital textbooks are transforming the way many students learn. All the Fairfax County Public Schools have begun using online course material for their middle- and high-school students. This school year, the schools shifted from hard cover to electronic textbooks for social studies in its middle and high schools. The switch came after digital books were used in 15 schools last year. "Our students come to us technologically ready to use resources from a variety of different places," says Assistant Superintendent Peter Noonan. "The world is changing consistently. The online textbooks can change right along with the events that are happening." There's a significantfinancial benefit as well. "Usually it is between $50 and $70 to buy a textbook for each student," Noonan says, "which adds up to roughly $8 million for all of our students. We actually have purchased all of the online textbooks for our students for just under $6 million."Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.A man was arrested on suspicion of attempting to carry explosives through a security checkpoint at an airport, authorities said. Trey Scott Atwater was taken into custody Saturday morning after Transportation Security Administration agents spotted what they described as a suspicious item. The item was in his carry-on during X-ray screening at a security checkpoint at the airport, an FBI spokesman said in a statement. Neither the FBI nor the TSA identified the explosives, though an airport spokeswoman said the items were "wrapped in military grade wrapping" and are in the possession of the police. At no time was there any danger to the people at the airport. The airport terminal was temporarily evacuated while authorities "conducted a sweep, and deemed all clear," said a city spokeswoman. Atwater has been arrested on a federal count of attempting to get on an aircraft with an explosive.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.In Dakar, psychiatric patients attend regular art therapy classes to help treat mental disorders. The therapy can be a useful technique to complement traditional forms of psychotherapy. Psychiatrists in the Senegalese capital's main hospital see it as an essential part of the healing process. Art as psychotherapy is still relatively new in Senegal. Dr. Tabara Sylla, the hospital's chief psychiatrist, uses art therapy, medication and classical forms of psychotherapy in her practice, treating everything from chronic depression to alcohol abuse and schizophrenia. At first the project started as a way to keep patients busy in the afternoon, rather than have them sitting around smoking. It soon became clear that art was creating a communication bridge between patient and doctor. More and more now, she says, art workshops have become essential therapy --- so much that she cannot imagine this psychiatric unit without them.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.The Federal Aviation Administration, or FAA, the government agency that regulates civil aviation in the United States, announced new rules this month to combat pilot fatigue. The new guidelines, which will go into effect in two years, call for reducing the number of pilots' on-duty hours and giving them a 10-hour rest period between shifts, so they can get at least 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep. The new rules apply to only pilots of passenger airlines. FAA determined that including pilots who fly cargo planes --- a large segment of the aviation industry --- would add too much to the cost of implementing the changes. But the Independent Pilots Association has filed a lawsuit asking the government to set one level of safety for all pilots.Question 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.The world will need to double food production within the next three decades in order to feed a rapidly growing and increasingly affluent population, which is projected to grow from 7 billion today to 9 billion. A United Nations report says reaching that goal will require major increases in intensive, high-efficiency livestock operations for both meat and dairy production. The report also says that intensive livestock operations can pose serious ecological risks. And that's why environmental critics are calling instead for reductions in global livestock production, and urging people to consume less, not more, meat in their diets. Feeding today's population is a challenge for an already-stressed environment. The challenge is how to ensure food without increasing animal numbers and having an impact on fragile lands and our resource bases. More than half of the agricultural land in the world is used to raise and feed livestock. Those farm animals are also responsible for 18 percent of the greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere every year. Experts agree that the next few decades will present a puzzle, how to feed nine billion people without wrecking the planet in the process.This is the end of listening comprehension。
西班牙语专四专八考试重点分析
西班牙语专四专八考试重点分析西安智美外国语专注英、韩、日、法、德、西、意、俄等多语种培训欢迎访问/学习西班牙语的同学们都知道，西班牙语专四、专八是西班牙语专业学生在毕业前必不可少的两场考试。
这两场考试有且仅能考两次，并且第二次的成绩只能算及格，这就意味着我们一定要一次性夺取考试的胜利呀！下面我们详细看一下专四、专八考试的框架，了解一下大致的考试信息！全国高校西班牙语专业四级水平测试试卷总分为100分其中笔试80分，听力理解20分下面对每部分分值和题型做具体说明一、选择填空客观题。
阅读一至两篇语料，共计150词左右。
在答题卡上标出正确选项。
考察重点为介词、冠词或二者缩合形式的用法。
共20题，每题0.25分，共计5分。
二、完形填空客观题。
阅读一篇语料，共计250词左右。
在答题卡上标出正确的选项。
考察重点为近义词和近似词辨析和词汇用法。
共20题，每题0.5分，共计10分。
三、阅读理解阅读一篇记叙文和一篇议论文或说明文，共计1400词左右。
完成下列试题：1）客观题：在答题卡上标出正确的选项。
考察重点为篇章理解、内容细节和文章主旨。
共20题，总计15分。
其中：篇章理解4题，每题1.5分，共计6分；内容细节4题，每题1.5分，共计6分；文章主旨2题，每题1.5分，共计3分。
2）主观题：将名词、代词、形容词等所指及动词的主语写在答题卡上该试题相应的位置。
共20题，每题0.5分，共计10分。
四、时态填空主观题。
阅读一至两篇语料，共计250词左右。
将答案写在答题卡上该试题相应的位置。
考察重点为时态用法。
共20题，每题0.5分，共计10分。
五、西译汉主观题。
将阅读试题中的划线部分译为汉语，将答案写在答题卡上该试题相应的位置，篇幅为90词左右。
分值：10分。
六、汉译西主观题。
将80字左右的短文或句子译成西班牙语，将答案写在答题卡上该试题相应的位置。
分值：10分。
七、听写客观题。
听写一篇120词左右的短文，将答案写在答题卡上该试题相应的位置。
西班牙语专业四级考试阅读理解题型分析与对策
西班牙语专业四级考试阅读理解题型分析与对策摘要:高校外语专业教学指导委员会西班牙语组于1999年起举办全国高校西班牙语专业基础阶段水平测试,即专业四级考试,评估课程教学质量和测试学生学习效果。
在100分的笔试测试中,阅读理解部分占三分之一的分值,分数比重大,结合学生的测试结果分析,可以看出阅读理解是考试的难点之一,得分较低。
本文针对学生的考试难点,对西班牙语专业四级考试中的阅读理解部分要求及题型进行分析,继而提出相应的解题思路及教学对策。
关键词:西班牙语专业四级考试阅读理解解题技巧1.引言在全国高校西班牙语专业基础阶段水平测试,即专业四级考试中,试卷总分为150分,分为笔试和口语听力两大部分。
其中笔试部分总分为100分,包含语法、词汇、阅读理解与表达类题型三大部分,每部分各占约三分之一的分数。
阅读理解部分旨在考查学生通过阅读获取信息、分析语句成分,以及理清句与句之间逻辑关系的能力。
在笔试测试中,命题组会选择一篇600~800字的西班牙语文章,选择部分题型对其进行命题并确定各项分值。
文章体裁包含记叙文、说明文、议论文等,而文章的题材则涵盖社会、科技、文化、经济、人物传记等方面。
这要求学生在阅读时,能根据不同的体裁和题材,适时运用不同的阅读策略,抓住文章主要逻辑关系,理清文章基本结构,从而更好地理解全文。
在题型设置方面,多以主观题为主,大致可分为指出主语或所指、根据释义写出单词、根据文章内容选出正确答案、西语释义、西译汉、回答问题及撰写短文七大题型。
本文对各题型进行分析,针对学生的难点详细阐释,进而提出相应的解题技巧,帮助学生在阅读理解部分提高得分率。
2.题型分析与解题技巧2.1指出主语或所指本题型主要考查学生分析语句逻辑关系的能力,句中个别词汇用法及搭配方式考查了学生精读课所学的基础知识,要求学生能够根据上下文判断动词的主语,以及形容词、代词、指代性副词的所指。
由于西语句段各个成分之间具有严密的照应关系和逻辑关系,因此在西语中,代词的使用和主语省略现象非常普遍。
高校西班牙语专业四级考试口语听力试题
高校西班牙语专业四级考试口语听力试题高校西班牙语专业四级考试口语听力试题西班牙语DELE考试作为一门外语的西班牙语水平考试，相当于国内的托福、雅思考试。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的高校西班牙语专业四级考试口语听力试题，希望能给大家带来帮助!Primero: dictado1.听写。
考生将听写一篇130字左右的文章。
首先，我们将以正常语速朗读一遍这篇文章。
之后，再断句朗读两遍，同时考生开始听写。
听写完毕后，我们再以正常语速通篇朗读一遍，以便考生核对。
现在请开始准备听写。
(10 puntos)Para las personas que viven en el siglo XXI, es de mucha importancia hablar más de una lengua. En el caso de los que viven en los Estados Unidos, tal vez la segunda lengua deba ser el español. Este idioma es la lengua nacional de una veintena de países. Además, su uso en los Estados Unidos está aumentando.El español tuvo su origen en el latín, lengua que se extendió por casi toda Europa, sobre todo en Europa Occidental. Posteriormente, los conquistadores y colonizadores españoles que llegaron a América llevaron allí su lengua. Esto dio como resultado la sustitución de gran parte de las lenguas indígenas por el español. Sin embargo, aquellas lenguas, a su vez, co ntribuyeron al enriquecimiento del español con algunas palabras nuevas, como por ejemplo: patata, maíz, chocolate, tomate, etc. (129 palabras)听写到此结束。
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2013年全国高校西班牙语专业四级水平测试笔试试卷（满分100；考试时间：150分钟）（请在答题纸上作答）姓名_______ 考生号码 __________I.Rellena los espacios en blanco con artículos o formas contractas de artículo y preposiciones en casos necesarios: (0.4x20 = 8 puntos)1.Está equivocado de (1) fecha. La entrevista es (2) jueves. Hoy es (3) martes.2. Al cabo de unos diez minutos Lola está en (4) calle Nou de la Rambla, (5) calle llena detiendas de (6) novia y de ropa de noche, en (7) corazón del Barrio chino. Entra en (8) bar de esos que huelen a (9) aceite y que siempre tienen la televisión puesta.3. Vargas Llosa, visiblemente emocionado, fue aplaudido con (10) fervor por (11) públicocompuesto principalmente por (12) intelectuales y amigos. El escritor tiene esta semana (13) intensa agenda cultural en Lima, que comenzó ayer con la participación en la Feria de (14) Libro y continuará mañana con la exposición de (15) fotografías sobre su vida y obra y, finalmente, con (16) inauguración de (17) XII Festival Internacional de (18) Cine de Lima, en el que se proyectarán más de 100 películas y se rendirá (19) homenaje a (20) escritor.II.Rellena los espacios en blanco con preposiciones o la forma contracta del artículo y las preposiciones: (0.4x20 = 8 puntos)1.Les acusan (1) haber copiado en el examen.2.Durante mucho tiempo estuvo dudando (2) irse o quedarse en Barcelona. Terminó (3) ircon unos amigos a Italia.3.Javier nos comentó que había una teoría (4) la cual el tabaco es la principal causa (5) elcáncer de pulmón.4.Durante una época siempre iba vestida (6) negro (7) parecer más delgada.5.Me cuesta mucho seguir lo que dice porque de repente se pone (8) hablar (9) voz baja.6.Martínez fue el único (10) votar en (11) de la propuesta de Muñoz.7.De pronto la muchacha se dio la vuelta y vino (12) mí; me tomó la cara (13) las manos yla fue moviendo (14) colocarla en la luz. Exposición Internacional de las Artes, que se lleva (15) cabo cada dos años, comenzósu andadura (16) finales de los años ochenta dedicando cada una de las ediciones (17) untema único. Este año el tema elegido es la conservación de los recursos naturales, (18) especial, del recurso de agua, y tendrá como invitado (19) honor a China, país (20) el cual Costa Rica estableció relaciones diplomáticas el año pasado.III.Pon en la hoja de respuestas los infinitivos en tiempo y persona o formas no personales: (0.5x24 = 12 puntos)1. (1) (Hacer) dos décadas era impensable que una mujer (2) (obtener) un salario superior alde un hombre, salvo que (3) (tratarse) de alguna cantante. Pero los tiempos están (4) (cambiar) y aunque todavía las mujeres (5) (ganar), por término medio, menos que los hombres en el mismo puesto de trabajo, ya no (6) (resultar) extraño (7) (encontrarse) con parejas en las que ella es la que (8) (aportar) más dinero al hogar.2. Vine a Comala porque (9) (decirme) que acá vivía mi padre, un tal Pedro Páramo. Yo (10)(prometerle) a mi madre que (11) (venir) a verlo en cuanto ella (12) (fallecer), pues ella estaba (13) (morirse) y yo, (14) (disponerse) a prometerlo todo. “No (15) (dejar) de ir a visitarlo —(16) (recomendarme) —. (17) (Estar) segura de que (18) (darle) gusto conocerte.” Entonces no (19) (poder) hacer otra cosa sino (20) (decirle) que así(21) (hacerlo).Todavía antes (22) (decirme):—No (23) (ir) a pedirle nada. (24) (exigirle) tan solo lo nuestro.IV.Selecciona la palabra apropiada y pon en la hoja de respuestas su forma adecuada:(0.5x20 = 10 puntos)1. La Compañía Antonio Gades (1) (representar, interpretar, actuar) anoche en el teatroOlimpia.2. (2) (En principio, Al principio, En el principio) Juan quería seguir la carrera de Física,pero luego (3) (alterar, modificar, cambiar) de idea.3. Seránecesario (4) (financiar, invertir, costar) más en la agricultura. Una de lasmedidas prioritarias consiste en ayudar económicamente a los agricultores.4. El nombramiento como ministras de una serie de mujeres (5) (debajo, menor, menos)de cuarenta años ha provocado durante las pasadas semanas una disputa en los medios políticos y periodísticos.5. Si no haces los deberes de casa hoy, tendrás que hacerlos (6) (de otra manera, de unamanera, de todas maneras) mañana.6. Me levanté ese día muy temprano, y decidí ir al trabajo (7) (a pie, de pie, en pie). Total,solo necesitaba veinte minutos para llegar a mi puesto de vendedor en un quiosco situado(8) (a fines de, al cabo de, al final de) las Ramblas.7. Ayer (9) (haber, dar, tener) lugar un curioso incidente. Jesús M. F., de 25 años, entróen una vivienda por la terraza con intención de (10) (esconder, sacar, robar). Después de asaltar (抢劫) la casa, (11) (buscar, encontrar, hacer) en la cocina un delicioso pescado, listo para comer. No (12) (sospechar, suponer, dudar) y abrió una botella de vino para tomarlo con el plato, y al poco rato se echó a dormir.8. España es el segundo país del mundo en (13) (colaboración, elaboración, composición) devinos espumosos (起泡沫的). Sin embargo, los españoles no son grandes (14) (consumidor, productor, exportador) de esta bebida, de la que (15) (importarse, exportarse, ofrecerse) aproximadamente la mitad de la producción.9. La actitud social ante el hábito de fumar (16) (también, todavía, aparte) haevolucionado en las últimas décadas en España. Antes el tabaco era bastante más accesible económicamente, no contábamos con (17) (noticia, información, informática) tan contundente (有力的) acerca de sus efectos dañosos sobre la salud y, en consecuencia, no había (18) (límites, limitado, limitaciones) para fumar en lugares públicos. Se permitía fumar en los transportes públicos, en centros de trabajo, e incluso, en hospitales y centros de salud. Aunque ahora nos (19) (sentir, mostrar, parecer) chocante, era muy normal que un médico te (20) (atender, aceptar, cuidar) con el cigarrillo encendido.V.Hay un error en cada una de las oraciones. Subráyalo y pon la forma correcta en la hoja de respuestas: (1x10 = 10 puntos)1.Generalmente unas veinte personas construyen un equipo de fútbol.2.Los alumnos, quien estudiaron mucho, aprobaron los exámenes con buenas notas.3.Quiero agradecer a mi abuela, sin cuya exigencia no estaré donde estoy.4.Cuando empiezan a hacer algo, lo terminan aunque les cuestan.5.Sigo pensando en el que nos propuso Carlos ayer.6.No parece evidente que llegan a convencerla.7.Entonces en el bosque conocí lo feroz que eran aquellas aves.8.Hace un día espléndido. Queremos jugar a un partido de fútbol con ustedes.9.Julia no dejó llevar por las opiniones de los demás.10.Bueno. Les contaré de qué se trata la película.VI. Selecciona la expresión sinónima de la parte subrayada en cada oración y pon en la hoja de respuestas la letra que la encabece:(0.5x10= 5puntos)1. ¿Por qué no se lo dices a la cara en vez de murmurar siempre por detrás?A. en cambioB. al revés queC. en lugar deD. en contra de2. Gracias a su apoyo el joven fue introducido fácilmente en las más altas capas de lasociedad.A. En cuanto aB. Debido aC. Con respecto aD. En nombre de3. Ambas partes han acordado estrechar la cooperación.A. han recordadoB. han convenido enC. han discutido sobreD. han aprobado4. El niño no atiende lo bastante en clase: yo lo veo siempre distraído.A. asisteB. entiendeC. se fijaD. se concentra5. No habléis todos a la vez, que no oigo nada.A. al mismo tiempoB. a vecesC. de una vezD. mientras6. Me pongo muy nervioso porque veo que voy a llegar tarde.A. Me vuelvoB. Me hagoC. Me sientoD. Me parece7. Lo han designado ministro de defensa.A.han nombradoB. han asignadoC. han resignadoD. han colocado iglesia es lo único que se mantiene todavía en pie después de la guerra.A.se soportaB. insisteC. consisteD. se sostiene9.Se divisaba a lo lejos una flecha que señalaba una curva peligrosa.A.fijabaB. indicabaC. declarabaD. mencionaba10.A medida que vayas avanzando, el estudio te parecerá más fácil.A. MientrasB. A lo largo de queC. ComoD. SiVI.Traduce al español en la hoja de respuestas las oraciones o párrafos dados: (19 puntos)1. 毫无疑问很多发展中国家的教育体制都还有待改进。