英语四级阅读理解逐句翻译2
2015 年英语专业四级阅读理解passage 2(翻译)
2015年专业四级英语真题（翻译）Passage 2（翻译）I was a second-year medical student at the university, and was on my second day of rounds at a nearby hospital. My university's philosophy was to get students seeing patients early in their education. Nice idea, but it overlooked one detail: second-year students know next to nothing about medicine.Assigned to my team that day was an attending - a senior faculty member who was there mostly to make patients feel they weren't in the hands of amateurs. Many attendings were researchers who didn't have much recent hospital experience. Mine was actually an arthritis specialist. Also along was a resident (the real boss, with a staggering mastery of medicine, at least to a rookie like myself). In addition there were two interns(住院实习医生). These guys were just as green as I was，but in a scarier way: they had recently graduated from the medical school, so they were technically MDs.I began the day at 6:30 am. An intern and I did a quick check of our eight patients; later, we were to present our findings to the resident and then to the attending. I had three patients and the intern had the other five - piece of cake.But when I arrived in the room of 71-year-old Mr. Adams，he was sitting up in bed, sweating heavily and panting (喘气). He'd just had a hip operation and looked terrible. I listened to his lungs with my stethoscope, but they sounded clear. Next I checked the log of his vital signs and saw that his respiration and heart rate had been climbing, but histemperature was steady. It didn't seem like heart failure, nor did it appear to be pneumonia. So I asked Mr. Adams what he thought was going on."It's really hot in here, Doc," he replied.So I attributed his condition to the stuffy room and told him the rest of the team would return in a few hours. He smiled and feebly waved goodbye.At 8:40 am., during our team meeting, "Code Blue Room 307!" blared from the loudspeaker. I froze.That was Mr. Adams's room.When we arrived, he was motionless.The autopsy (尸体解剖) later found Mr. Adams had suffered a massive pulmonary embolism (肺部栓塞). A blood clot had formed in his leg, worked its way to his lungs, and cut his breathing capacity in half. His symptoms had been textbook: heavy perspiration and shortness of breath despite clear lungs. The only thing was: I hadn't read that chapter in the textbook yet. And I was too scared, insecure, and proud to ask a real doctor for help.This mistake has haunted me for nearly 30 years, but what's particularly frustrating is that the same medical education system persists. Who knows how many people have died or suffered harm at the hands of students as naive as I, and how many more will?我是这所大学医学院的一名二年级学生，我在附近的一家医院进行了第二天的查房。
大学英语阅读教程4,U2参考翻译
100英里每小时，只能侧翻到沟里当我还是个孩子的时候，我就想方设法能快速把自己弹射到千里之外，越快越好。
当你将钥匙插入车中，开始提速；当你听到汽车发出的像正在靠近的暴风雨的轰隆声和感受到震动的方向盘全都是来源于你的控制，你会感觉到你可以逃离一切，就像你可以把你的整个人生变成后视镜上一块无足轻重的斑点一样。
在1976年，我将要去杰克逊维尔高中读书的夏天，我拥有了弹射之母。
这是一辆1969年通用汽车生产的敞篷车，“她”拥有350型8缸发动机和像我手臂一样长的荷利牌四腔化油器。
下坡的时候“她”耗油量为6英里每加仑，而且当你启动“她”的时候那声音就像世界末日来临一般。
她车身很长、矮而生猛，有一个很劲的橘色的犬牙花纹回旋加速器和一个八单位穿孔的磁带放音配置，而且当你坐着“她”驶过松树林时视野是极快的。
而我只拥有一盘磁带，那就是飞鹰乐队精选集。
我两个暑期非常努力地在最低时薪下工作，为的就是能赚够钱买“她”，但还是向我叔叔爱德华借钱，叔叔只用了1200美元就买下它，主要是因为他支付了数百美元的账单。
“孩子，你开车的时候要小心点”叔叔说，“否则它随时会置你于死地。
”我向他保证，好的，我会很慢地开，像老人行动一样慢。
我告诉我自己，我喜欢那辆车，因为“她”是那么漂亮，速度是那么快；还因为我喜欢和金发飘飘的"她"在一排排松树间轰隆隆地飞驰而过，而这个女孩还不知道她比我更擅长在风中奔驰呢。
事实是，我喜欢“她”，因为“她”是我的均衡器。
“她”教会我成长，至少在我眼里，“她”让我更进一步地看到自己想要成为怎样的人。
在高中，我既不是那种十分受欢迎的人也不是那种努力迎合别人的人。
我和受欢迎的孩子一起被邀请去聚会，我和漂亮的女孩约会。
但是那常常与我想要成为的人有一段距离。
那辆车，让我在某种程度上接近我想要成为的人。
在哈迪斯快餐连锁店，人们围过来参观“她”。
我只让一个人驾驶过“她”，那就是学校里最漂亮的姑娘，帕特里斯·卡莉，但她也仅仅只是驾驶了一公里。
英语四级真题阅读理解(带翻译)
Passage1Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。
I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。
事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。
Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's adecision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders.我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。
大学英语4unit2原文及翻译（...
大学英语4 unit 2 原文及翻译（College English 4, unit 2,original text and Translation）能看到、听到、感觉、闻到和说话的智能汽车？自己开车？这听起来像是一场梦，但计算机革命将把它变成现实。
能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话的智能汽车？还能自动驾驶？这听起来或许像是在做梦，但计算机革命正致力于把这一切变为现实。
智能汽车Michio Kaku1，即使汽车工业在过去七十年里基本保持不变，也即将感受到计算机革命的影响。
智能汽车米其奥？卡库即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
2汽车工业是二十世纪最赚钱、最强大的行业之一。
目前地球上有5亿辆汽车，每十个人就有一辆车。
汽车工业的销售额约为一兆美元，成为世界上最大的制造业。
汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。
目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每10人就有1辆车汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。
3这辆车及其行驶的道路将在二十一世纪彻底改变。
未来“智能汽车”的关键是传感器。
我们会看到车辆和道路，看到、听到、感觉到、闻到、说话和行为，”Bill Spreitzer预言，美国通用汽车公司的程序技术总监，这是未来智能汽车和智能公路设计。
汽车及其行驶的道路，将在21世纪发生重大变革。
未来”智能汽车”的关键在于传感器。
”我们会见到能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话并能采取行动的车辆与道路，“正在设计未来智能汽车和智能道路的通用汽车公司其项目的技术主任比尔？斯普雷扎预言道。
4美国每年大约有40000人死于交通事故。
在车祸中丧生或重伤的人数是如此之大，以至于我们再也懒得在报纸上提起这些事了。
这些死亡人数中有一半来自醉酒司机，还有许多来自粗心大意。
一辆智能汽车可以消除大部分车祸。
它可以感知司机是否喝醉了通过电子传感器，可以拿起空气中的酒精蒸气，并拒绝启动发动机。
英语四级阅读理解逐句翻译2
2007年6月一、I've been writing for most of my life.我一辈子大部分时间都在从事写作。
The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously.《写作无师自通》这本书想我介绍了一种区别和一种练习。
帮助我大大提高了写作水平。
The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind.区别是关于创造性思维和评判性思维之间的区别。
While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.你需要做的是运用两者帮助你得到一个结果，但是他们不能同时起作用，无论我们多么想要这样做。
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter.试图匆忙地批判写作内容可能是我们大多数人在写作时遇到的最大障碍。
If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting （稍纵即逝的）thought, the thought will die.如果你按照五年级英语老师教你的，在努力抓紧稍纵即逝的想法的同时纠正你的语法，这个想法肯定会消失。
2010 年英语专业四级阅读理解passage 2(翻译)
2010年专业四级英语真题（翻译）Passage 2（翻译）Over the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet - meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelousdesigns One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoff at and abandon von Daniken’s theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin Ameri ca’s past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms. Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.在过去的几十年里，美国、加拿大和欧洲在不寻常的现象和未解之谜上得到了大量的媒体甚至研究的关注。
应用型大学英语第四册unit2 参考译文
Text: A white heron 白鹭1 The forest was full of shadows as a little girl hurried through it one summer evening in June. It was already eight o’clock and Sylvia wondered if her grandmother would be angry with her for being so late.2 Every evening Sylvia left her grandmother’s house at five thirty to bring their cow home. It was Sylvia’s job to bring the animal home to be milked. When the cow heard Sylvia’s voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes.1 六月的一个黄昏，森林里树影婆娑，一个小女孩正在其中匆匆穿行。
已经是晚上八点了，西尔维娅想，这么晚回家，外婆会不会生气呢？2 每天傍晚五点半，西尔维娅就离开外婆家去把母牛牵回家。
她的活就是把这头牲口赶回家挤奶。
母牛听到西尔维娅叫她的声音时，老是躲到灌木丛中去。
3 This evening it had taken Sylvia longer than usual to find her cow. The child hurried the cow through the dark forest, toward her grandmother’s home. As the cow stopped at a small stream to drink, Sylvia put her bare feet in the cold, fresh water of the stream.4 She had never before been alone in the forest as late as this. Sylvia felt as if she were a part of the gray shadows and the silver leaves that moved in the evening breeze.3 这天晚上，西尔维娅花了比平时更长的时间才找到母牛。
CET-4历年真题阅读译文
考拉进阶CET-4历年真题阅读译文（2014.12—2010.06）2014年12月四级真题（第一套）Passage One纽约人渐渐习惯了更多的人骑着闪亮的蓝色花旗自行车。
但当地的自行车商店怎么看呢？花旗自行车是不是在使它们受损的情况下来增加骑行的人呢？在翠贝卡区的Gotham Bikes，经理W. Ben说，该店的整体销量因自行车共享计划而上升。
“它让更多的人上路，”他说。
格拉姆西区Danny’s Cycles的雇员James Ryan也说花旗自行车是一个不错的选择，它让人们逐步适应在一个以交通堵塞和野蛮司机闻名的城市里骑车。
“他们不用买自行车就可以试骑，”他说。
租赁既不是Gotham Bikes也不是Danny’s Cycles的主营业务。
但对Frank’s Bike Shop ——电商网站Grand St.上的一个小店——来说，自行车共享计划却是坏消息。
店主Frank Arroyo说，自从上个月花旗自行车正式推出，他的租赁业务下降了90%。
Arroyo的主要租客是欧洲游客，他们从此就被花旗自行车吸引走了。
然而Ben说，自行车共享对他的店铺的自行车销售来说却是有益的。
“人们用了自行车共享并意识到在城市里骑自行车有多棒，然后决定为自己买更好的自行车，”他指出。
Waterfront Bicycle Shop位于克里斯多福街以北的西街，该店的Christian Farrell 说，他最初很担忧自行车共享，但他承认，“我很高兴看到人们骑自行车。
”Andrew Crooks有着和Farrell早期一样的担忧。
他是位于第二大街64号的NYC Velo 的店主。
“它看起来是一个好主意，但却很难实施，”Crooks这样评价花旗自行车。
他说他很担忧经验不足的骑行者缺乏对骑行规定的认识以及来自不骑车的人的强烈反对。
然而，他说，现在说他的生意受到影响还为时尚早。
虽然自行车共享很可能会造成生意下滑，但Crooks承认，这种想法对纽约市来说是向前迈出了积极的一步。
大学英语4第二章翻译
大学英语4第二章翻译第一篇：大学英语4第二章翻译2.Nowadays, many people are enjoying the benefits brought about by material and technological advances unimaginable in previous eras.With the development of science and technology, people’s standard of living is getting higher and higher.People’s life expectancy has soared, too.However, oddly enough, many people do not feel happier than they used to be.It can be seen that there is no close correlation between people’s income and their happiness.Happiness cannot, after all, be bought with money.Although the majority of people are not very satisfied with their lives, they are happy to be alive, and the more time they get on earth, the better off they feel they’ll be.What is important is that material wealth is far from enough.People need spiritual happiness, too.3.1、大多数人都坚信法庭一定会严惩那些银行抢劫犯。
历年英语四级阅读理解逐句翻译(有重难点词语)
2006年6月一、Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth.通讯技术在传递真相的时候并不是简单地和真相本身一致。
The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails.从第一项对使用不同通讯媒介时的诚实程度的比较重可以看出，人们在使用电话时的说谎几率是使用电子邮件时的两倍。
The fact that emails are automatically recorded-and can come back to haunt (困扰) you-appears to be the key to the finding.因为电子邮件内容会被自动记录下来----并可能对你造成困扰----这就是这项研究的关键所在。
Jeff Hancock of Cor'nell University in Ithaca ['iθəkə] , New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week.Jeff Hancock在位于纽约州伊萨卡的康奈尔大学执教，他曾要求30个学生记录一周中每天的通讯情况。
In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told.参与其中的人需要记录超过10分钟的对话或者电子邮件通讯的数量，并且要坦诚自己说了多少谎话。
月英语四级阅读理解(二)翻译
2021年6月英语四级阅读理解〔二〕翻译Some of the world’s most significant problems never hit headlines. One example comes from agriculture. Food riots and hunger make news. But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in yields of some of the world’s major crops.A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring。
一些世界上最有影响的问题从不上头条新闻。
其中一个例子就是农业问题。
粮食暴动和饥饿产生新闻，但躺在这些问题背后的趋势却很少被谈及。
这是因为一些世界主要农作物产区的产量在下降。
蒙特利尔的明尼苏达和麦吉尔大学的一项新研究着眼于研究这种正在发生的下降趋势在哪，还有多远。
The authors take a vast number of data points for the four most important crops: rice, wheat corn and soybeans(大豆). They find that on between 24% and 39% of all harvested areas, the improvement in yields that tood place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s。
英语四级真题阅读理解(带翻译)
Passage1Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。
I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。
事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。
Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's adecision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders.我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。
历年英语四级考试翻译真题24篇(逐句对照翻译版)
历年英语四级考试翻译真题24篇（逐句对照翻译版）第1篇原文：近年来，中GUO有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁译文：In recent years,more and more cities in Chi na have begun to build subways.原文：发展地铁有助于减少城市的交通拥堵和空气污染译文：The development of subways can help reduce traffic congestion and air pollution in cities.原文：地铁具有安全、快捷和舒适的优点译文：The subway has the advantages of safety,speed and comfort.原文：越来越多的人选择地铁作为每天上班或上学的主要交通工具译文：More and more people choose the subway as the main means of transportation to work or school every day.原文：如今，在中GUO乘坐地铁正变得越来越方便译文：Nowadays,it is becoming more and more convenient to take the subway in Chi na.原文：在有些城市里，乘客只需用卡或手机就可以乘坐地铁译文：In some cities,passengers can use a card or a mobile phone to take the subway.原文：许多当地老年市民还可以免费乘坐地铁译文：Many local elderly citizens can also take the subway for free.第2篇原文：公交车曾是中GUO人出行的主要交通工具译文：Buses used to be the main means of transportation for the Chinese people.原文：近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重译文：In recent years,with the number of private cars increasing,cities have been facing increasingly severe traffic problems.原文：许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量译文：To encourage more people to travel by bus,many cities have been making efforts to improve bus services.原文：车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高译文：Bus facilities have been continuously renovated,and bus speed has also increased dramatically.原文：然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉译文：However,bus fares are still cheap.原文：现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车译文：Now,in most cities,many local elderly citizens can take a bus for free.第3篇原文：过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中GUO人来说是难以想象的译文：In the past,traveling by plane was unimaginable for most Chinese people.原文：如今，随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中GUO人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行译文：Today,with the development of Chi na's economy and the improvement of people's living standards,more and more Chinese people,including many farmers and migrant workers,can travel by air.原文：他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有很多城市也在筹建机场译文：They can fly to all major cities,and many other cities are also planning to build airports.原文：航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有廉价机票译文：Air services continue to improve,and there are often cheap flights.原文：近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人数在不断增加译文：In recent years,the number of people choosing to travel by air during holidays has been increasing.第4篇原文：华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里译文：Mount Hua is located in Huayin City(Shaanxi,Chi na),120kilometers away from Xi'an.原文：华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分隔陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北译文：It is part of the Qin Mountains,which divide not only northern and southern Shaanxi,but also south and north Chi na.原文：与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过去很少有人光临，因为上山的道路极其危险译文：Unlike Mount Tai that used to be frequented by pilgrims,Mount Hua was not well visited by pilgrims as the roads up the mountain were extremely dangerous.原文：然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多药草，特别是一些稀有的药草译文：Back then,however,those who wished to enjoy longevity ventured in Mount Hua quite a lot because numerous herbs,rare ones in particular,grew in the mountain.原文：自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加译文：Since cable cars were installed in Mount Hua in the1990s,the number of visitors has increased dramatically.第5篇原文：HUANG山位于中GUO东部安徽省南部，它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称译文：Located in southern Anhui province in eastern Chi na,Huangshan is known for its unique natural scenery,particularly sunrises and sea of clouds.原文：要欣赏大山的宏伟壮丽，通常得向上看译文：To appreciate the magnificence of the mountain,you have to look upward in most cases;原文：但要欣赏HUANG山美景，得向下看译文：while to enjoy the fascinating landscape of Huangshan,you've got to look downward.原文：HUANG山的湿润气候有利于茶树生成，是中GUO主要产茶地之一译文：The humid climate of the area offers favorable conditions for tea trees to grow,which makes the surrounding area of Huangshan one of the major producers of tea.原文：这里还有许多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病译文：The mountain is also home to numerous hot springs,which are helpful for preventing skin disease.原文：HUANG山是中GUO主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统GUO画ZUI受欢迎的主题译文：As one of the top tourist destinations in Chi na,Huangshan represents the most popular theme of photographic works and traditional Chinese paintings.第6篇原文：泰山位于山东省西部，海拔1500余米，方圆约400平方公里译文：Located in western Shandong province,Mount Tai stands over1500meters above sea level and covers an area of about400square kilometers.原文：泰山不仅雄伟壮观，而且是一座历史文化名山，过去3000多年一直是人们前往朝拜的地方译文：It is a renowned mountain which is not only spectacular but also of historical and cultural significance.Pilgrims have been visiting Mount Tai for the last over3000years.原文：据记载，共有72位帝王曾来此游览译文：In recorded history,72emperors once came here to make a tour.原文：许多作家到泰山获取灵感，写诗作文，艺术家也来此绘画译文：Mount Tai has seen many writers who have traveled here for inspiration to make poems and compositions.Artists also come here for painting.原文：山上因此留下了许许多多的文物古迹译文：That explains why Mount Tai features numerous cultural relics and historic sites.原文：泰山如今已成为中GUO一处主要的旅游景点译文：It has now become one of the leading tourist attractions in Chi na.第7篇原文：珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中GUO第三长的河流，仅次于长江和HUANG 河译文：As a major river system in southern Chi na,the Pearl River,which runs through Guangzhou,capital of Guangdong Province,is the third longest in Chi na,after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.原文：珠江三角洲是中GUOZUI发达的地区之一，面积约11000平方公里译文：The Pearl River Delta,which covers an area of11000square kilometers,represents one of the most developed regions in Chi na.原文：它在面积和人口方面也是世界上ZUI大的城市聚集区译文：It is also the biggest city gathering area in the world in terms of size and population.原文：珠江三角洲九个ZUI大城市共有5700多万人口译文：Put together,the nine largest cities in the Delta are home to a combined population of over57million.原文：上世纪70年代末中GUO改GE开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中GUO和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一译文：Since reform and opening up was initiated in the late1970s,the Pearl River Delta has become one of the leading regional economies and manufacturing centers in Chi na and around the world.第8篇原文：长江是亚洲ZUI长、世界上第三长的河流译文：The Yangtze River is the longest in Asia and the third longest in the world.原文：长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中GUO五分之一的土地译文：The river,which flows through varied ecosystems along its passage,offers habitats for many endangered species and provides irrigation for1/5of Chi na's land.原文：长江流域居住着中GUO三分之一的人口译文：The Yangtze River basin is home to1/3of Chi na's population.原文：长江在中GUO历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用译文：The river plays a very important role in Chi na historically,culturally and economically.原文：长江三角洲产出多达20%的中GUOGUO民生产总值译文：The Yangtze River Delta contributes up to20%of Chi na's GNP.原文：几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产译文：For millennia,the Yangtze River has been used for water supply,shipment and industrial activities.原文：长江上还坐落着世界ZUI大的水电站译文：The world's largest hydropower station is also built on the river.第9篇原文：HUANG河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流译文：The Yellow River is the third longest in Asia and the sixth longest in the world.原文：“HUANG”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色译文：Yellow describes the color of the muddy river.原文：HUANG河发源于青海，流经九个省份，ZUI后注入渤海译文：The river originates in Qinghai,and runs through nine provinces before it empties into the Bohai Sea.原文：HUANG河是中GUO赖以生存的几条河流之一译文：The Yellow River is one of the several rivers that sustain life and livelihood in Chi na.原文：HUANG河流域是中GUO古代文明的诞生地，也是中GUO早期历史上ZUI繁荣的地区译文：The Yellow River basin is the cradle of Chi na's ancient civilization and was once the most prosperous region in early history of Chi na.原文：然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，HUANG河曾造成多次灾害译文：However,the Yellow River had triggered many disasters due to frequent catastrophic floods.原文：在过去几十年里，ZF采取了各种措施防止灾害发生译文：As such,over the past several decades,the Chinese government has taken a host of steps to prevent such disasters.第10篇原文：随着中GUO的改GE开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼译文：With Chi na's reform and opening up,quite a number of youngsters would like to celebrate their weddings in western style.原文：新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征译文：The bride wears a white wedding dress at the ceremony,as white is regarded as a symbol of purity.原文：然而，在中GUO传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色译文：However,in traditional Chinese culture,white is a color that is often used in funerals.原文：因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人译文：That's why it's necessary to keep in mind that white flowers must not be gifts for patients, especially not for the elders or critically sick patients.原文：同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里译文：Similarly,the cash gift shouldn't be packed in a white envelope,but in a red one.第11篇原文：在中GUO文化中，HUANG颜色是一种很重要的颜色，因为它具有独特的象征意义译文：In Chinese culture,yellow is a color occupying a fairly prominent position,which is endowed with unique symbolic significance.原文：在封建社会中，它象征统治者的权力和权威译文：In the feudal society,yellow stands for the ruler's power and authority.原文：那时，HUANG色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成HUANG色，皇袍总是HUANG色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿HUANG色衣服的译文：At that time,yellow was specially designed for the emperor,with the royal palace painted yellow and the imperial robe always being yellow while the ordinary people were never being permitted to wear yellow.原文：在中GUO，HUANG色也是收获的象征译文：In Chi na,yellow is also the symbol of harvest.原文：秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金HUANG，人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收译文：When crops are ripening in the fall,farmers celebrate the harvest in high spirits,with the fields taking on a vast expanse of golden appearance.第12篇原文：在中GUO文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福，在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见译文：The color of red in Chinese culture usually symbolizes good luck,longevity and happiness. Red can be found everywhere during Chinese Spring Festival and on other joyous occasions.原文：人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里译文：Cash is often put in red envelopes and sent to family members or close friends as a gift.原文：红色在中GUO流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中GUOGE命和GCD相联系译文：Its popularity in Chi na can also be attributed to the fact that people associate it with the Chinese Revolution and Communist Party.原文：然而，红色并不总是代表好运与快乐，因为从前S者的名字常用红色书写译文：However,red does not signify good luck and joy ail the time in that the name of the dead used to be written in red.原文：用红墨水写中GUO人名被看成是一种冒犯行为译文：Thus it is regarded as an offense to write the names of Chinese people in red ink.第13篇原文：乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔译文：Located by the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal,Wuzhen is an ancient waterside town in Zhejiang Province.原文：这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆译文：It is a fascinating place where there are a good many of ancient bridges,Chinese hotels and restaurants.原文：在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化.是一座展现古文明的博物馆译文：During the past1,000years,the water system and people's lifestyle in Wuzhen have undergone so little change that Wuzhen has become a museum displaying the ancient civilization.原文：乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造译文：All the houses in Wuzhen were built out of stones and woods.原文：数百年来，当地人沿着河边建起了住宅和集市译文：For hundreds of years,the locals have built up residences and held fairs along the canal.原文：无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现译文：As countless beautiful and spacious courtyards are hidden in between the houses,visitors find pleasant surprises everywhere.第14篇原文：功夫是中GUO武术的俗称，中GUO武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要.狩猎活动以及古代中GUO的军事训练译文：The Chinese Martial Arts,commonly known as Kung Fu,can trace its origin back to the needs of self-defence,hunting and ancient Chinese military training.原文：它是中GUO传体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练译文：Being one of the traditional Chinese physical activities,it can be practiced by both the young and the old.原文：它已逐漸演变成了中GUO文化的独特元素译文：It has gradually evolved into a distinct element of Chinese culture.原文：作为中GUO的GUO宝，功夫有上百种不同的风榕，是世界上练得ZUI多的武术形式译文：As a Chinese national treasure,Kung Fu has hundreds of different styles and is the most practiced form of martial arts in the world.原文：有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些受到了中GUO哲学思想、神话和传说的启发译文：Some of its styles imitate the motions of animals,while some are inspired by the Chinese philosophies,myths and legends.第15篇原文：在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志译文：In the Weifang City of Shandong Province,kites are more than toys;they are also the cultural symbol of the city.原文：潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名，已有将近2,400年放飞风筝的历史译文：Known as"Kite Capital of the World",Weifang has had a history of kite-flying of nearly2, 400years.原文：传说中GUO古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了译文：Legend has it that Mozi,an ancient Chinese philosopher,spent three years making the first kite of the world in Weifang,but the kite fell and broke on its first day of flying.原文：也有人相信风筝是中GUO古代木匠鲁班发明的译文：It is also believed that the kite was invented by the ancient Chinese carpenter Lu Ban.原文：据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地译文：It is said that his kite,made of wood and bamboo,had been flying in the sky for three days before falling to the ground.第16篇原文：今年在长沙举行了一年一度的外GUO人汉语演讲比赛，这项比赛证明是促进中GUO和世界其他地区文化交流的好方法译文：An annual Chinese speech contest for foreigners was held in Changsha this year,which proved to be a good way of promoting the cultural communication between Chi na and other areas of the world.原文：它为世界各地的年轻人提供了更好地了解中GUO的机会译文：It offered young people all over the world a good opportunity to learn better about Chi na.原文：来自87个GUO家共计126位选手聚集在湖南省省会参加了从7月6日到8月5日进行的半决赛和决赛译文：A total of126contestants from87countries gathered in the capital of Hunan Province and took part in both the semi-final and the final from July6to August5.原文：比赛并不是唯一的活动译文：The competition was not the only activity.原文：选手们还有机会参观了中GUO其他地区的著名景点和历史名胜译文：The contestants also got chances to visit the famous scenic spots and historical resorts in other parts of Chi na.第17篇原文：云南省的丽江古镇是中GUO著名的旅游目的地之一译文：Lijiang,an ancient town in Yunnan Province,is one of the most famous tourist attractions in Chi na.原文：那里的生活节奏比大多数中GUO城市都要缓慢译文：The life tempo there is slower than that of most Chinese cities.原文：丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样、丰富多彩的文化让游客体验译文：There is beautiful natural scenery everywhere in Lijiang,and many minorities provide tourists with various and colorful cultural experience.原文：历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名译文：It has also been known as the"City of Love"in history.原文：当地人中流传着许多关于因爱而生、为爱而S的故事译文：Numerous legends about people who were born for love and died for love circulate among the local folk.原文：如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂译文：Nowadays,this ancient town is regarded as the paradise of love and romance in the eyes of both Chinese and foreign visitors.第18篇原文：中GUO父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务译文：Chinese parents usually intend to pay too much attention to their children's study to such an extent that they even don't require their children to help them do the chores.原文：他们对孩子的首要要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学译文：Their primary requirement for their children is to study hard,get good grades and go tofamous universities.原文：他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中GUO这样竞争激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明译文：They believe this does good to their children because in the society of Chi na which is full of intense competition,only perfect academic performance can ensure a bright future.原文：中GUO父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上取得大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬译文：Chinese parents also believe if their children can make great achievements in the society, they win receive respect accordingly.原文：因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子提供更好的条件译文：Therefore,they are willing to sacrifice their own time,hobbies and interests to provide better conditions for their children.第19篇原文：中GUO是世界上ZUI古老的文明之一译文：Chi na is one of the most ancient civilizations across the world,原文：构成现代世界基础的许多元素都起源于中GUO译文：from which many elements that construct the foundation of the modem world are derived.原文：中GUO现在拥有世界上发展ZUI快的经济，并正经历着一次新的工业GE命译文：Now Chi na has the world's fastest growing economy and is experiencing a new industrial revolution.原文：中GUO还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其中包括到2020年建成一个太空站译文：It has also launched an ambitious space exploration plan,including the building of a space station by2020.原文：目前，中GUO是世界ZUI大的出口GUO之一，并正在吸引大量外GUO投资译文：Currently,being one of the largest exporters in the world,Chi na is attracting massive foreign investment.原文：同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元译文：Meanwhile,it has invested billions of dollars overseas as well.原文：2011年，中GUO超越日本成为世界第二大经济体译文：In2011,Chi na surpassed Japan,becoming the second largest economic entity in the world.第20篇原文：中GUO的互联网社区是全世界发展ZUI快的译文：The Internet community in Chi na enjoys the fastest growth around the world.原文：2010年，中GUO约有4.2亿网民，而且人数还在迅速增长译文：There were about420million netizens across Chi na in2010and the number is still increasing rapidly.原文：互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化译文：The growing popularity of the Internet has brought about great social changes.原文：中GUO网民往往不同于美GUO网民译文：Internet users in Chi na are generally different from those of America.原文：美GUO网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使，用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、规划旅程或付款译文：More driven by practical needs,American netizens use the Internet as a tool to send e-mails,buy and sell goods,do research,plan tours or make payments.原文：中GUO网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网，因而更广泛地使用论坛、博客、聊天室等译文：Chinese netizens.However,in most cases,make use of the Internet for social reasons. Therefore,forums,blogs and chat rooms and so on are more widely used.第21篇原文：越多的中GUO年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势译文：It is a new trend in recent years that more and more Chinese young people are getting interested in traveling.原文：年轻游客数量的不断增加，可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心译文：The growing number of young travelers can be attributed to their rapidly rising incomes and their curiosity to explore the outside world.原文：随着旅行多了，年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引，有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行译文：As they travel more,young people are spending less time in major cities and famous scenic spots;instead,they are more attracted to remote destinations.Some of them even choose long backpacking trips.原文：ZUI近调查显示，很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野译文：Recent surveys show that through traveling,many young people want to experience different cultures,enrich their knowledge,and broaden their horizons.第22篇原文：据报道，今年中GUO快递服务将递送大约120亿件包裹译文：It is reported that courier services in Chi na will deliver about l2billion parcels this year，原文：这将使中GUO有可能超越美GUO成为世界上ZUI大的快递市场译文：which makes it possible for Chi na to overtake the United States and become the largest market for courier services in the world.原文：大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品译文：Most of the parcels contain items purchased online.原文：中GUO给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会译文：Chi na offers millions of online retailers opportunities to sell their products at significantly competitive prices.原文：仅在11月11日，中GUO消费者就从GUO内ZUI大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商品译文：Chinese consumers bought9billion dollars worth of commodities from the nation's largest shopping platform just on the day of11th November.原文：中GUO有不少这样的特殊购物日译文：Since there are many such special shopping days in Chi na，原文：因此，快递业在中GUO扩展就不足为奇了译文：it is no wonder that Chi na's courier services have expanded.第23篇原文：大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛译文：The giant panda is a kind of gentle animal with a black-and-white coat.原文：因其数量极少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种译文：It has been listed as an endangered animal due to its very limited number.原文：大熊猫对于世界自然基金会有着特殊意义译文：The giant panda is of great significance to WWF.原文：自1961年该基金会成立以来，大熊猫就一直是它的徽标译文：And it has been its symbol since its establishment in1961.原文：大熊猫是熊科中ZUI稀有的成员，主要生活在中GUO西南部的森林里译文：The giant panda is the rarest animal of the bear family,mainly living in the forests in Southwest Chi na.原文：目前，世界上大约有1000只大熊猫译文：Now,there are approximately1000giant pandas in the world.原文：这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁译文：The animal that mainly eats bamboo is facing many threats.原文：因此，确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要译文：Therefore,to ensure its safety is of greater importance than before.第24篇原文：在西方人心目中，和中GUO联系ZUI为密切的基本食物是大米译文：In the eyes of the western people,the basic food that is mostly related to Chi na is rice.原文：长期以来，大米在中GUO人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”译文：For a long time,rice has played a very important part in Chinese people's diet,so that there is a proverb that goes like this:One can't make bricks without straw.原文：中GUO南方大多种植水稻，人们通常以大米为主食；译文：Rice is mainly grown in southern Chi na and people usually eat rice as the staple food.原文：而华北大部分地区因为过于寒冷或过于干燥，无法种植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麦译文：Since it is too cold or too dry to grow rice in most areas of northern Chi na,wheat is the main crop.原文：在中GUO，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条译文：In Chi na,some people use flour to make bread,but for most people,it is used to make steamed buns and noodles.。
2015 年英语专业四级阅读理解passage 2(翻译)
2015年专业四级英语真题（翻译）Passage 2（翻译）I was a second-year medical student at the university, and was on my second day of rounds at a nearby hospital. My university's philosophy was to get students seeing patients early in their education. Nice idea, but it overlooked one detail: second-year students know next to nothing about medicine.Assigned to my team that day was an attending - a senior faculty member who was there mostly to make patients feel they weren't in the hands of amateurs. Many attendings were researchers who didn't have much recent hospital experience. Mine was actually an arthritis specialist. Also along was a resident (the real boss, with a staggering mastery of medicine, at least to a rookie like myself). In addition there were two interns(住院实习医生). These guys were just as green as I was，but in a scarier way: they had recently graduated from the medical school, so they were technically MDs.I began the day at 6:30 am. An intern and I did a quick check of our eight patients; later, we were to present our findings to the resident and then to the attending. I had three patients and the intern had the other five - piece of cake.But when I arrived in the room of 71-year-old Mr. Adams，he was sitting up in bed, sweating heavily and panting (喘气). He'd just had a hip operation and looked terrible. I listened to his lungs with my stethoscope, but they sounded clear. Next I checked the log of his vital signs and saw that his respiration and heart rate had been climbing, but histemperature was steady. It didn't seem like heart failure, nor did it appear to be pneumonia. So I asked Mr. Adams what he thought was going on."It's really hot in here, Doc," he replied.So I attributed his condition to the stuffy room and told him the rest of the team would return in a few hours. He smiled and feebly waved goodbye.At 8:40 am., during our team meeting, "Code Blue Room 307!" blared from the loudspeaker. I froze.That was Mr. Adams's room.When we arrived, he was motionless.The autopsy (尸体解剖) later found Mr. Adams had suffered a massive pulmonary embolism (肺部栓塞). A blood clot had formed in his leg, worked its way to his lungs, and cut his breathing capacity in half. His symptoms had been textbook: heavy perspiration and shortness of breath despite clear lungs. The only thing was: I hadn't read that chapter in the textbook yet. And I was too scared, insecure, and proud to ask a real doctor for help.This mistake has haunted me for nearly 30 years, but what's particularly frustrating is that the same medical education system persists. Who knows how many people have died or suffered harm at the hands of students as naive as I, and how many more will?我是这所大学医学院的一名二年级学生，我在附近的一家医院进行了第二天的查房。
全国大学英语四级真题阅读理解译文.doc
2012年英语四级阅读范文精讲：懒女孩的减肥术想要减吧是一回事，可真正采取行动乂是另一回事。
从懒惰的沙发土豆一族变成充满热情的运动达人，需要强人的动力以及-•套简单易行的减肥计划。
我们拜访了明星减肥专家大卫•克尔士（他町是名模海蒂•克拉姆和甜蜜公主安妮•海瑟薇美妙身材的背后功臣），看看他冇什么建议能让你从沙发里爬起來，开始锻炼。
他简单的减肥计划能帮助你完成蜕变，而且不需要变成一个健身狂人。
制定合理的目标制定一个不切实际的目标是最容易让自己泄气的——你根本没有办法实现它，而且只会让口己越来越沮丧，最后放弃。
克尔士建议大家制定一个町以实现的冃标，比如“我想减掉5磅”或者“我想穿上这条紧身牛仔裤”。
为每天的运动时间和运动最做出一个合适的安排也非常重要。
不要刚开始就每天锻炼两小时，你很快就会累垮的。
如果你不确定应该怎么做，可以找--位好的教练或者看一些锻炼教程，以此来指导自己。
活动=锻炼“你没冇必要去健身房锻炼，”克尔士说。
要启动一项新的减肥计划，最简单的办法就是把它融入到你的日常生活中去。
早上起床后别急着冲澡，先做15个屈膝运动，15个弓步训练和15个仰卧起处。
可以一边做早餐一边做一些肌肉收缩训练：收紧并放松你的腹肌、臀部和大腿。
每天工作之前都让你的身体做10分钟的快速锻炼，可以是瑜伽也可以是伸展运动或者有氧运动。
如果你按照这样的方法开始锻炼，并几有所收获，那么你坚持卜-去的町能性会更大。
利用零碎时间减肥感觉挤不出时间來锻炼？克尔丄说任何的运动都是有益的，不管时间长短。
事实上我们的工活方式各不相同，每个人对于锻炼的牛•理需求也不一样。
理想情况下，你应该每天锻炼1小时，但如果你只能锻炼10分钟，那这10分钟专心锻炼也比什么都不做要好得多。
保持专注克尔士认为，女性在锻炼时犯的最人的错谋在于不够专注。
专注意味着在你锻炼时不打手机，不看杂志也不看电视。
伤〈要最大化利用H己运动的时间。
处在跑步机上讲电话可不会带给你所需要的运动强度。
四级仔细阅读理解逐句翻译
2006年6月一、Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth.通讯技术在传递真相的时候并不是简单地和真相本身一致。
The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails.从第一项对使用不同通讯媒介时的诚实程度的比较重可以看出，人们在使用电话时的说谎几率是使用电子邮件时的两倍。
The fact that emails are automatically recorded-and can come back to haunt (困扰) you-appears to be the key to the finding.因为电子邮件内容会被自动记录下来----并可能对你造成困扰----这就是这项研究的关键所在。
Jeff Hancock of Cor'nell University in Ithaca['iθəkə] , New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week.Jeff Hancock在位于纽约州伊萨卡的康奈尔大学执教，他曾要求30个学生记录一周中每天的通讯情况。
In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told.参与其中的人需要记录超过10分钟的对话或者电子邮件通讯的数量，并且要坦诚自己说了多少谎话。
英语四级真题阅读理解(带翻译)
Passage1Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。
I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。
事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。
Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's adecision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders.我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。
英语四级真题阅读理解(带翻 译)
Passage1Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。
I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。
事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。
Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders.我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。
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2007年6月一、I've been writing for most of my life.我一辈子大部分时间都在从事写作。
The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously.《写作无师自通》这本书想我介绍了一种区别和一种练习。
帮助我大大提高了写作水平。
The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind.区别是关于创造性思维和评判性思维之间的区别。
While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.你需要做的是运用两者帮助你得到一个结果，但是他们不能同时起作用，无论我们多么想要这样做。
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter.试图匆忙地批判写作内容可能是我们大多数人在写作时遇到的最大障碍。
If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting （稍纵即逝的）thought, the thought will die.如果你按照五年级英语老师教你的，在努力抓紧稍纵即逝的想法的同时纠正你的语法，这个想法肯定会消失。
If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand.如果你抓住了稍纵即逝的想法，但仅以其原始的形式和世界分享，或许没有人能够理解。
You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.如果你想要把写作作为思考的工具，必须学会首先创造，然后批判。
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow ca lls “free writing.”练习是指ELbow所说的“自由写作”，它可以帮助你改正边写边改的话习惯。
In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes.在自由写作中，我们的目标是在15-20分钟的时间内不间断写作。
No stopping, no going back, no criticizing.不停顿，不回头，不作批判。
The goal is to get the words flowing.这样做的目的是使文字流畅起来。
As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.当语言开始流畅，想法就会从阴暗处涌现出来，呈现在你的笔记本或者电脑屏幕上。
Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly.现在，你有进行评判性思维的原材料了，建议你坐下静静地查看文稿。
Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.通常，你会认为这个环节所需的时间比你实际需要的时间要长，并且直到最后一刻，你还盯着文稿，头脑一片空白。
Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad.不要盯着空白的屏幕，无论多么糟糕，都开始写下去。
Halfway through you available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product.写作时间进行到一半时，停下来整理你的初稿，让它更接近终稿。
Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.不断前后重复，直到时间用尽。
这样，你所得到的终稿会比你用现在在练习中写的文稿要好得多。
二、I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again.我不想再谈关于作为一位女性科学家的问题了。
There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men.有一段时间，人们不断地问我在男性主导的领域中工作的故事。
I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting.我不擅长将这些故事，因为实际上我并不觉得它们有趣。
What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.我真正感兴趣的是宇宙的起源，时空的形状和黑洞的本质。
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom.在19岁的时候，我开始学习天体物理学，作为班上唯一的女性，我一点也不觉得苦恼。
But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me.但是当我在麻省理工学院攻读博士学位和之后作为博士后进行太空研究时，这一点开始让我觉得苦恼。
My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender (性别) politics.So were my failures.我的每一项成就----工作，研究论文，奖项---都被人们从性别政治的角度进行审视。
我的失败也一样。
Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.有时候，当我陷入左脑和右脑，天赋与培育的争论中时，我会立刻为我自己和所有的妇女进行激烈的抗辩。
Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore.然后再很多年以后的一天，我口中冒出一句最终成为我对所有挑衅的回答：“我不再讨论这个问题了”It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues.我花了十年的时间重获19岁时的自信，让自己认识到我不再想要处理性别的问题。
Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist?为何性别歧视要成为每位女性科学家的另一个可怕的负担？After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.毕竟，我不是社会学或政治理论的研究者。
Today I r esearch and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City.现在，我在Barnard---纽约的一所女子学院进行研究和授课。
Recently, someone asked me how may of the 45 students in my class were women.最近，有人问我班上的45个学生中有多少是女性。