2018年高考英语一轮复习 语法专项突破 第七讲 名词性从句

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第七讲名词性从句

1.that引导主语从句时,没有具体意思,不充当句子成分,只是起标志性的作用,但that不能省略。what引导时,在从句中充当成分,且有意义。

◆It is true that the college will take in more new students. 这所大学将招收更多的新生是真的。

2.whether连接主语从句时,表示怀疑,不能省略,意为“是否”,在句首时不能用if替换。

◆(重庆高考)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 旧汽车站是否应该被重建为现代化的宾馆仍然在商讨中。

3.连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略,并在从句中充当句子成分。

◆It was never clear why the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.

这个人为什么没有尽快报告这个事故,还不清楚。

4.主语从句要用陈述语序,即主谓语序。

(1)用it作形式主语的常用句型有:

①It+系动词+形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)+that从句

②It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that从句

③It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句

④It+特殊动词(seems,appears,happens,matters)+that从句

◆It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.

很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。

◆It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.

据报道,该事故源于(司机的)粗心(驾驶)。

(2)在It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/ordered+that从句结构中,从句用“(should+)动词原形”。

[典例] (2015·广东高考语法填空)Now it occurred to him ____________ his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

that解析:固定句型“it occurred to sb.+that从句”表示“某人突然想到”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。

单句语法填空

1.(2016·北京高考语法填空)Your support is important to our work.____________ you can do helps.

Whatever解析:句意:您的支持对我们的工作很重要。无论您能做什么都会有所帮助。____________you can do作句子的主语,是主语从句。主语从句中缺少动词do的宾语,而且指代做的事情,结合句意可知填Whatever。

2.(2017·山东师大附中一模)His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks. It is no surprise____________losing weight is just his dream.

that解析:句意:他最喜欢的食物是油炸类小吃和软饮料。减肥只是他的梦想一点都不令人吃惊。It是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。从句中结构及句意完整,故用that引导。

3.(陕西高考)It remains to be seen____________the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.

whether解析:句意:新组建的委员会制定的政策是否能实施还有待观察。It是形式主语,设空处引导主语从句,用whether符合句意。

1.that连接宾语从句时通常可以省略(但多个并列的宾语从句中只能省略第一个that),没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只是起连接作用。what引导时,在从句中充当成分,且有意义。

◆(全国卷Ⅰ)I’m writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference.

我写信是想告诉你我叔叔李明要去你的城市开会。

2.在whether/if连接的宾语从句中,whether/if意为“是否”,但在whether…or not 结构中,或者whether引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时,以及whether+to do结构中和whether引导的从句作少数动词(如leave,put,discuss,doubt,know等)的宾语时,只能用whether,不能用if来替换。

◆We’ve offered her the job,but I don’t know whether she’ll accept it. 我们已经为她提供了这份工作,但我不知道她是否会接受。

◆I don’t know whether to leave or not.

我不知道是否要离开。

3.连接代词、连接副词引导宾语从句时不能省略,并在从句中充当句子成分。

◆Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.

老师总是告诉我们,如果想要成功,就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们是谁。

4.有些动词或动词短语,如like,hate,appreciate,depend on,see to等,一般

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