土地资源管理专业本科毕业论文外文文献及译文

本科毕业论文

外文文献及译文

文献、资料题目: Rural and Urba n Land Developme nt

and Land Tenure Systems: A Comparis on

betwee n South Africa and Botswa na

文

、资料来源: 网络

献、

文献、资料发表（出版）日期：2000.8

院（部）: 管理工程学院

专业：土地资源管理

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姓名：

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指导教师：

翻译日期：

外文文献：

RURAL AND URBAN LAND DEVELOPMENT AND LAND

TENURE SYSTEMS: A COMPARISON BETWEEN SOUTH AFRICA

AND BOTSWANA

Susa n Bouillo n

Legal Advisor: City Coun cil of Pretoria

INTRODUCTION

Fran kli n D. Roosevelt once said that Every pers on who inv ests in land n ear a grow ing city, adopts the suresta nd safest method of beco ming in depe ndent, for land is the basis of wealth. The purpose of this paper

is to discuss the rural and urba n land developme nt and land tenure systems of South Africa and Botswa na, and to explai n their con tributi ons to urba n sustai nability.

DEVELOPMENT PLANNING IN BOTSWANA

Botswa na is located at the centre of the South Africa n plateau, and is bordered by South Africa on the south and southeast, Zimbabwe on the northeast and Namibia on the west and northwest. Approximately 23% of the population is in urban areas and 77% in rural areas. Botswana has a rich tribal culture, and therefore it is not surprising that the Botswana legal system con sists of local tribal courts, which adjudicate traditi onal matters and Tribal Land Boards, which rule on land use matters in tribal la nds and traditi onal villages. Town Coun cils rule on land use matters in urba n areas.

The government of Botswana has adopted a system of development planning which has coped relatively well compared with other Africa n coun tries. Developme nt pla nning invo Ives the preparati on of land use pla ns for both urba n and rural areas. The practice in Botswa na is that the public is made aware of the implicati ons of land use pla ns before land is zoned for various uses. Public aware nessa nd participati on is en sured by giving land users an opport unity to select preferred land use opti ons from a range of opti ons determ ined through the evaluati on of physical and econo mic suitability of land resources (bottom-up approach).

PROPERTY RIGHTS AND LAND TENURE IN BOTSWANA

It is the policy of the Gover nment that all citize ns should have easy and equal access to land. In order to realize this, three land tenure systems have bee n put in place. Tribal la nd covers 71% of the total la nd area of the coun try. It is allocated to citize ns free of charge for all types of uses. State land is owned by