染整英语
染整专业英语
专业英语（染整知识）vertical organization全能工厂（指纺织印染整理联合工厂）1）化学药品：A.、无机化学药品氢氧化钠Sodium hydroxide 烧碱caustic sode碳酸钠sodium carbonate ；硅酸钠sodium silicate三磷酸钠sodium triphosphate；磷酸三钠trisodium phosphate 硫酸铜copper sulfate 海藻酸钠sodium alginatesodium次氯酸钠hypochlorite；元明粉（硫酸钠）sodium sulphate 稀硫酸dilute sulphuric acid （硫酸vitriol）醋酸acetic acid 氨ammonia；硫/二氧化硫sulfur/sulfur dioxide氯chlorine 过氧化氢hydrogen peroxide保险粉/连二亚硫酸钠sodium dithionite/hydrosulphite/vat还原反应powder/hydros reduction reaction还原reduction 蒽醌anthraquinone有机硅树脂silicone（n）染料分散剂dye-dispersing agent染色载体dye-carrier 重铬酸盐dichromate盐水（n）brine；食盐dairy salt NaCL sodium chloride AgCL silver nitrate / slivə,nаitrei / Fe iron /áiən / Cr chromium /”krəumiəm/Ni nickel NaHCO3 bakingsoda B、有机化学药品淀粉starchC、印染助剂淀粉酶amylase 果胶酶pectase/pectinase洗涤剂detergent；乳化剂emulsifier润湿剂wetting agent 退浆剂desizing agent；阳离子型柔软剂cationic softener （浆料size/fillings、退浆desizing）抑制剂、缓染剂retarding agent 荧光增白剂optical brightener/fluorescent bleaching agent 催化剂catalyst 百里酚thymol百里酚蓝thymol blue 百里酚酞thymolphthalein螯合的、螯合物chelate 固色剂dye-fixing agent消泡剂anti-foaming agent/defoamant 金属螯合剂metal-sequestering agentPH指示剂hydrogen ion indicator 碘值iodine number/iodine value(涂料用)粘合剂adhesive（n.）bonding agent 粘合剂、接合剂binding agent软水剂water conditioner 氧化剂oxidant/oxidizing agent 润滑剂lubrieant（n）D、染料2）工艺：suture 缝线、接缝、针脚；covered seam包边缝；diawing stitch平整缝合（边与边不重叠）；singeing/gassing 烧毛；steeping in enzyme preparation 酶退浆工艺；desizing退浆；damp dry 半干，带潮；damping/dewing给湿、喷雾；end stitching坯布缝头；scouring煮练；bleaching 漂白；chemic ，chemick 漂液（次氯酸钙或次氯酸钠常溶液）；mercerizing 丝光（工艺）；mercerization 丝光（作用）；pad轧染；tenter 拉幅（V）；stentering 拉幅（工艺）；pre-shrinking（n）预缩；shrink-resistant finish 防缩整理；varnishing 涂蜡、上蜡；loaded/loading增重；napping（n）拉绒；soil-release finish易去污整理；fluorochemical含氟化合物；baking/curing（高温）焙烘；heat setting 热定型；brushed 磨毛；thermosol dyeing/pad-bake dyeing 热熔染色；texturizing finishes 织物变形（指组织）整理；calender finish 轧光整理；stiffening finish 硬挺整理；antislip finish 防滑移整理；waterproof finish 防水整理；antiseptic finish 防腐整理；bacteriostatic finish抗菌整理；moth-resistant finish 防蛀整理；anti-stain/antisoiling finish 防污整理；cold fix method （活性染料）冷固色法；pad-batch cold dyeing冷堆染色；3）染料：disperse dye 分散染料；vat dye 还原染料；reactive dye 活性染料；pigment 涂料、颜料；sulfur dye硫化染料cationic dye阳离子染料；azoic dye不溶性偶氮染料；naphthol dye纳夫妥染料；copper phthalocyanine 铜酞菁；ternary/tertiary colours 三拼色；dispersable vat dyes分散型还原染料（指超细粉型，可与分散染料同浴染色）；suspension 悬浮体（n..）；leuco-compound隐色体（n..）vinyl-sulfone reactive dyes 乙烯砜型活性染料；compatible dyes配伍性染料；luminescent dyes荧光染料；4）设备：entering arrangment进布装置；donkey stitching machine 坯布缝头机cloth feeder探边器；clothing sheet针板dosing system计量、加料系统chain-stitch 链式针迹（缝制）；singeing frame烧毛机；roller singer 圆筒烧毛机；gas singer煤气烧毛机；quench box灭火槽；boil-out 煮练；steam chamber 汽蒸室；steam cottage 蒸箱；vat、trough 槽；chassis（轧染机）轧液槽；cylinder圆筒；drying cylinder烘筒、烘缸；clamp/clip 布铗；drum 滚筒；jigger（jig）（n）卷染机；pressure dyeing machine 高压染色机；thermosol range热熔染色联合机；thermo-hotflue热风式定型机；clip（tenter frame）stenter 布铗拉幅机；chain mercerizer 布铗丝光机；chainless padless mercerizing range 直辊丝光机；circulation tank 回流槽；pin tenter frame 针板拉幅机；（slit）gas burners（狭缝）煤气火口；batching roller 卷边辊；guiding roller导布辊；spreading roller /equalizer roll扩幅辊；applicator roller 给液辊；bowed roller弯辊（弧形辊）；dance roller 张力调节辊、升降辊；slow motion 减速装置；sluice line 冲洗管路（排放路线）throttle valve 节汽（流）、减压阀；wince（winch）六角盘；worm 蜗杆、盘香管；bearing轴承；drain valve疏水阀；barometer气压计（表）ball mill球磨机；baking stove /curing machine焙烘/焙固机；cistern贮液槽；header box 高位槽；slicking-in roller 压辊；slipping clutch 摩擦离合器；sling hygrometer，sling psychrometer手旋（干湿球）湿度计；infra-red 红外线；padding mangle（padder）浸轧机（轧车）；mangling roller 轧辊；nip（轧辊的）轧点；strain roll 张力辊、松紧辊；covered rolls（包覆）橡胶辊；thermo-hygrograph温度湿度记录器；baro-thermo-hygrograph 气压-温度-湿度仪；dasher叶片式搅拌器；metering pump计量泵；calendaring machine 轧光机；oven（n）烘箱；air-supply line 进风管、进风道；centring adjustment 对中装置5）专业术语：conversion（印染术语）印染加工，转化、转化率；deferred cure/delayed-cure后焙烘、延迟焙烘；density 比重、浓度；dissolvability溶解度；double thread-up（平洗槽）回形穿布down-time停台时间size loading/size-pick-up上浆率；size mixture混合浆料；stitch-out 绗缝；emulsify 乳化（v）emulsification （n）乳化（作用）；cross section横截面slop padding浸轧（工艺）；solubillity溶解度；overfeed/superfeed 超喂（n.）crystallinity 结晶度auxiliary（n）助剂non-ioni（a）非离子的；anionic（a.）阴离子的；cation阳离子；union dyeing 混纺交织物染色；tension 张力；pleating褶裥；crease retention 褶裥保持性、折缝耐久性barium number（丝光）钡值；gloss（丝光表面）光泽；dyeing formula染色配（处）方；dye yield得色量；level dyeing匀染、均匀染色；loading port进布口；nerve 回缩性、（弹性）复原性；dye uptake吸色率、上染率；affinity for dyestuffs染料亲和力setting zone定型区；curing（n）焙烘、焙固；fiber breakage纤维断裂；steam fixation汽蒸固色；strength of a dye 染料力分；delivery seal 出布处封口；chromatic difference色差；chromatograph色谱仪、色层分离仪；chromophore发色团、生色基（染料的组成部分）；colour bodies 发色体；bleed（v.）渗色；one-bath process一浴法；two-bath process两浴法；liquor ratio 浴比、液比；liquor level 液位；water lute水（液）封；water lock（seal）水封口；tension张力；stress应力；alkali reclaim 碱液回收；hydro-extracted 脱水；specific mass 密度；spectrophotometer分光光度计；super-heated steam 过热蒸汽；reproducibility（n）重现性；drapability/draping悬垂性；capillary attraction毛细管效应；viscosity （n）粘度；humidity（n）湿度；slippage（n）经纬滑动；surface active agent/surfactant表面活性剂nondurable（a）不耐久的semidurable（a）半耐久的morphological structure 形态结构；feeding ratio补液比（开始轧槽浓度与补充液浓度之比）；formula（染整）工艺计划、工艺处方；processing parameter工艺参数；6)纤维与织物：drilling斜纹布、卡其；raw cotton 原棉；unbleached material坯布；linen 亚麻布、亚麻纱线；flax 亚麻；ramie 苎麻；cellulose 纤维素swansdown twill（crow-twill）三上一下斜纹织物tabby /plain weave 平纹union混纺（交织）织物；pectic products 果胶物pectin 果胶质Polypropylene 聚丙烯（n.）polyester 涤纶nylon/polyamide（尼龙）锦纶；rayon人棉；viscose fibre 粘胶纤维spandex/elastic/strec/lycra/urethane elastic fiber 氨纶（弹力/莱卡）；spun 短纤；mineral substances 矿物质；blends混纺纱；viscose rayor粘胶人造丝；rayon staple粘胶短纤维；tweel（n）斜纹；poplin 府绸；waling to right（left）右（左）斜纹；width in reed 筘幅；core-spun spandex 包芯氨纶丝（纱）cover type elastic yarn 包覆弹力纱；cotton stretch弹力棉织物；cotton warp linen 棉麻交织物；druid 棉帆布；duck帆布、粗布；duvetyn 起绒织物；suede cloth 仿皮织物；flannelette（n）绒布；cords 灯芯绒裤；corduroy灯芯绒；cross twill weave 破斜纹组织；cross twist S捻、顺手捻7）成品与包装tailings/end fent 短码布/头子布；batching machine/（mechanism）/（cloth rolling machine）卷布机（装置）；cloth inspecting /（or looking）machine验布机；conette小纸管；cop tube纸管；cut across（疵布）开匹、开剪cut looker 验布工；cloth press 打包机；hooker码布机；length of cut匹长；rank score评分、评级；8）测试和检验：seam fraying 接缝处的纱线滑移；count支数、号数、织物经纬密度；taper line gratings/thread counter （经纬）密度镜；tentering of weft整纬；thermotank 恒温箱；thermo tester耐升华牢度试验仪；colour dispensary 配色间、染料间；constant air conditioning/constant temperature and humidity恒温恒湿；dead match 与来样完全符合（指染色）；drawn sample抽样；off colour对不上样，色差；颜色走样；off shade 色差（尤指染色织物的边中前后色差）9）疵点（fault）：slack end/slack warp 松经（织疵）slack list 松边（织疵）slime spots浆斑slub/slugs/nubs /thickened roving粗节/纱的粗节，糙粒（疵点）；nicked yarn竹节纱（棉纱疵点）；soft sides 烂纱、断经—（thread out断、缺经）stripe横档、条子taped filling多纬taut pick 紧纬tie-back吊经/松紧条痕；tight end /（filling）吊经（纬）、紧经（纬）、急经（纬）；blotchy斑污（渍）；thin pick细纬；dragging纬斜；unever bleaching 漂白不匀；unever bottoming打底不匀；unever developing显色不匀；sloughed filling/sloughed-off weft脱纬，塌纡（织疵）；small warp ends （织物）经密不足；snow ball起球（织疵）；streaky dyeing 色柳、染色条花；dyeing defect色花（染疵）；teardrop，teariness 纬斜；torn list破边；torn selvedge拉破边（整理疵）；crease mark （前处理绳状产生的）折痕；listing 边色深浅；tailing（n）/ending头尾色差/前后色差；streakiness（n）条痕、条花；levelness（n）匀染性；two-sidedness（n）阴阳面；burl mark修补痕（织疵）；cracked dent筘路、筘痕；chalkiness失光，光泽黯淡发白（印染疵点）cobbing （染疵）织物回修；cockle，cockel（织物）不均匀皱纹；drain mark水渍、水印（印疵）；flyings飞花、飞毛；heterogeneous yarn异形纤；irregularity of singeing烧毛不匀；nep棉结、白星、麻粒、麻结；2004年11月6日。
染整专业英语Unit 1
A liquid desizer for efficient removal from the sized fabric
A Cold Scouring Bleaching Agent. Leveling Agent A dispersing agent for disperse dyes. High performance non formaldehyde dye fixing agent.
Functional groups
线性烷基苯磺酸盐 stearic
硬脂软脂-
palmitic
Sulfosuccinate esters Quaternary ammonium salts Zwitterionic surfactants
lauric oleic octylcetyl-
月桂油辛十六-
Polyoxyethylenated aklylphenols 聚氧乙烯烷基酚
Bases 盐酸 硫酸 柠檬酸
甲酸 乙酸 碳酸 磷酸二氢钠 硼酸
Sodium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide Sodium metasilicate
Trisodium phosphate Sodium carbonate Ammonia Disodium phosphate Sodium bicarbonate
The Primacy effect
Informations at the beginning
LTM STM
of the sequence have larger probability to be recalled compared to the ones in the middle ， and are also more likely to become LTM.
染整英语3 dyeing
Continuous dyeing 连续式染色
Fixation 固色
Language point 语法点
• Derive from… 从…获得
• Derive vt.取得；追溯起源
•
vi.(from)起源，衍生
• derive great pleasure from one's studies
• 从学习中获得极大乐趣
For dyers this application classification is far more important than others
对染色者而言，按应用分类远比其他分类重要
An application class groups together dyes with similar application properties
Dyes 染料 = Organic compounds 有机合成物
Chromophore group 发色团 Auxochrome group 助色团 Solubilizing group 水溶性基团
Organic compounds 有机合成物
• Chromophore group 发色团 • 1. conjugated unsaturated system
Pigments 干粉颜料
Not water soluble 非水溶性 Possess no specific attraction for any particular fibre type 无特殊纤维吸附力
Color fastness 染色牢度
quality
Measurement 测量
hue 色彩 Depth 色泽浓度 Brightness 亮度 Uniformity 均匀度 Fastness 牢度
纺织面料染整类英文词汇总表
纺织面料染整类英文词汇总表熨烫温度ironing temperature 氨纶spandex 灯芯绒corduroy 巴厘纱voile拔染印花discharge printing 拔染剂discharge agent 白地沾色（印花疵）tarnishing 提花jacquard 百脚（斜纹疵）mispick 斑点spot,fleck,speck 板司呢hopsack粗纺tweed 半成品semi finished products 半光（半有光或近有光）semi-gloss半精梳semi-combed,scrath combing 漂白bleach 透明的transparent 包边缝over- Locked seam 包覆纱lapping yarn 包芯纱core spun yarn 包装package 唛头Mark 剥色stripping,radical stripping 薄纱罗marquisette 花边lace 雪纺chiffon 保形整理shape retentive finish 抱合力cohesion 捻度twist 焙烘不足underbaked 本白色off white 苯benzene 比色colour matching 密度density 哔叽serge 边距border,margin 边纹图案border pattern 重平组织rib weave 缎纹组织satin weave 方平组织mat weave 斜纹twill 变色discolouration 回潮moisture regain 表面活性剂surfactant 丙纶（聚丙烯）polypropylene 并条drawing 病疵defects 波浪形的circular,ripple,waved,crinkle 菠萝组织pineapple stitch 补色complementary colour 不合规格off specification 不可燃的non-flammable 起球pilling 不燃性unflammability 不溶性偶氮染料insoluble azo dyes,azoic dyes渗透性permeability 不褪色fast color 不宜水洗的unwashable 不匀uneven,irregular 布边selvage,border 门幅width 布铗clip 丝光mercerizing 轧光clandering 质地texture 布面毛糙rough 整理treatment,finishing 断裂strip 布条strap 布结burl 布样sample,swatch 擦伤痕abrasion mark,chafe mark 擦洗scrub 裁剪废料cutting waste 剪裁刀scissors 采购purchase 彩格布（1）gingham(平纹)（2）tartan checks(平纹或斜纹) 原样original sample 缩水率shrinkage 仓库warehouse,storehouse 草酸oxalic acid 层压织物laminated fabric插图illustration 拆包机bale breaker 缠绕wrap,wind 铲车lift truck 长度length长环烘燥机hanging dryer,long loop drying machine 蒸化steamer 长棉结knot 长麻line 常规检验routine inspection 超长匹lumps 超弹性hyperelastic 超速蒸化机ultra rapid ager 超喂super feeding,over feed 超细旦superfine denier 分散染料disperse dyes 潮湿moist 衬布crinoline,lining 衬衫shirt 成对卷染机twin jig成卷机lap former,lapper 成熟棉ripe cotton 抗静电antistatic 尺寸的稳定性dimensional stability 冲淡浆reduction paste 冲洗flushing ,rinsing 虫渍insect mark 抽查spot check,examination at random 抽纱drawnwork 坯布gregie,grey 除气味deodorizing 除杂trash extraction 处方配方formulation,recipe 传色transmission,drive 传送带conveyer,belt 卷染机jigger 疵点defect,fault 绣花embroidery 手感粗糙harsh 帆布canvas 粗横梭纹织物ottoman 粗纺tweed 粗经thick end 粗节纱slubby yarn,tafted yarn 粗节（纱疵）nub,slub,bead(亚麻纱疵) 粗纬（织疵）heavy pick 牛仔demin,jeans 粗支纱coarse yarn 醋酸acetic acid 醋酸纤维actate fibre催化剂catalyst,catalytic agent 错花broken pattern 错经wrong end 错纬wrong filling 搭色（印花疵）marking off,color overlapping 打底（染色）impregnation 打浆beating 打小样机figuring machine,sample loom,pattern loom 折扣discount 大红scarlet 大路货staple goods 大麻hemp 大小尺寸size,dimension 单薄（手感）thinness 产量yield剑杆织机rapier 上浆sizing 支数counts 蛋白质protein 等级标准grade standard 甲醛formaldehyde 低消耗low consumption 涤纶polyester 混纺blend 底色background color 地毯carpet 递增progressively increase 电熨斗electric iron靛蓝indigo blue 掉色fade 叠层织物laminated fabric 叠色印花效果effect of double print 规格specification 定长成包bales containing constant length 定形整理stabilized finish 定型机modular equipment 锭子spindle 短码shortage 植绒flock短亚麻纱tow yarn 贡缎satin 断经broken warp,end out 堆布车cloth truck 对花register,pitching in 对花不准misifit of printing pattern,out of register,misregister 对染料的亲和力dye affinity 对折卷板机doubling and lapping machine 多层织物multilayer cloth,multiple fabric 多次拉伸multiple stretch 剪毛机shearing machine 股（纱）ply二浴法（T/C布染色尤其是深色）two bath process 发货deliver the goods 发泡剂foam booster,foaming agent 法兰绒flannel 起绒raising 防辐射radiation-resistant 抗菌的antiseptic 防汗渍anti-perspiration 防水的water proof 拒油整理oil repellent finish 防雨布waterproof cloth 防火整理fire resistant finish 防绉整理wrinkle resistance 仿麻织物imitation linen fabrics 仿麂皮整理suede finish 纺spin 梭子shuttle 无纺布non woven fabric 还原染料vat dyeds 蜂巢组织waffle weave 菱形组织Grecian weave 缝头sewing 府绸poplin 富春纺Fuchun rayon taffeta 干重dry weight 甘油glycerin钢筘reed 高档superior quality 高支high counts 工艺参数processing parameter 工艺流程manufacturing flow process。
纺织英语词汇
染化专业词汇染整与环境工程系Department of dyeing , printing and environment engineering（1 ）前处理：singeing n. 烧毛desizing n. 退浆scouring n. 煮练bleaching n. 漂白mercerizing n. 丝光处理heat setting 热定型（2 ）染料：acid dyes 酸性染料reactive dyes 活性染料disperse dyes 分散染料cation dyes 阳离子染料vat dyes 还原染料direct dyes 直接染料sulphur dyes 硫化染料（3 ）染色工艺：pad v. 轧染，浸轧tie dye 扎染pigment dye 颜料染色sparging （jet ）dyeing machine 喷射式染色机high temperature overflow dyeing machine 高温溢流high temperature and high pressure yarn dyeing machine 高温高压染纱机atmospheric overflow dyeing machine 常温溢流染色机rope impregnating mangle 绳状浸染机（4 ）印花工艺：direct printing 直接印花transfer printing 转移印花roller printing 滚筒印花screen printing 筛网印花block printing 模版印花plate screen printing 平网印花rotary screen printing 圆网印花discharge print 拔染印花busy print 喷墨印花（5 ）整理工艺：covering, coating 涂层compound, composite 复合sanding 磨毛cire calendar 压光friction finish 摩擦轧光整理calendar finish 轧光整理fleece finish 起绒整理flame retardant finish 阻燃整理mellow finish 柔软整理resin finishing 树脂整理starch finishing 上浆（6 ）纺织品测试，产品检验及标准方面quality standard 质量标准tensile strength 拉伸强度customer inspection 客检table inspection 台板检验lamp inspection 经向检验washing color fastness 皂洗色牢度color fastness 色牢度rubbing / cricking color fastness 摩擦色牢度light color fastness 光照色牢度perspiration color fastness 汗渍色牢度water color fastness 水渍色牢度dimensional stability 尺寸稳定性appearance retention 外观持久性tear strength 撕破强度seam slippage 接缝滑裂pilling resistance 抗起毛起球性abrasion resistance 耐磨性water repellency 拒水性water resistance 抗水性thread per inch /stich density 织物密度yarn count 纱支weight 克重chlorine bleach color fastness 氯漂白色牢度fibre composition 纤维成分dyestuff identification 染料识别purity of indigo 靛蓝染料纯度moisture content 含水率extractable matter 可萃取物质filling and foreign matter content 填充料和杂质量starch content 淀粉含量formaldehyde content 甲醛含量presence of formaldehyde resin 甲醛树脂mercerisation in cotton 棉丝光度PH value PH 值Dimensional stability (shrinkage) and related tests 尺寸稳定性及有关测试1 dimensional stability to washing 水洗缩率测试2 each additional wash cycle 每增加一次水洗循环3 appearance after laundering 洗涤后外观4 dimensional stability to dry cleaning 干洗缩率5 each additional dryclean cycle 每增加一次干洗6 appearance after dry cleaning (appearance retention) 干洗后外观7 durable of applied designs and finishes to dry cleaning 印花花纹和整理剂性8 dimensional stability to relaxation 松弛缩率9 dimensional stability to felting 毡化缩率10 dimensional stability to free steam 蒸气缩率11 dimensional stability to heating in house 热缩率12 spirality / skewing of fabric & garments 织物和服装扭曲/ 歪斜13 dimensional stability to steam pressing / ironing 蒸气压烫/ 熨斗熨烫缩率14 tumbler shrinkage 圆筒烘干缩率15 cold water immersion 冷水浸洗缩率16 additional ironing 每增加一次熨烫17 effect after wash & pressing 洗涤后效果18 effect after pressing 熨后效果Colour fastness tests 染色坚牢度测试1 Colour fastness to washing 耐水洗色牢度2 Colour fastness to perspiration 耐汗渍色牢度3 Colour fastness to Dry & wet crocking / rubbing 耐摩擦色牢度4 Colour fastness to light/weathering (xenon) 耐光照/ 气候色牢度5 Colour fastness to water 耐水色牢度6 Colour fastness to sea water 耐海水色牢度7 Colour fastness to chlorinated water 耐氯水化色牢度8 Colour fastness to dry cleaning 耐干洗色牢度9 Actual laundering (one wash) 实际洗涤（一次水洗）10 Commerical dryclean 商业干洗11 Colour fastness to dry heat 干热12 Colour fastness to hot pressing 热压13 Colour fastness to water spotting 水斑14 Colour fastness to acid spotting 酸斑15 Colour fastness to alkaline spottig 碱斑16 Colour fastness to bleaching 漂白17 Colour fastness to chlorine bleaching 耐氯漂色牢度18 Colour fastness to non-chlorine bleaching 非氯漂19 Organic solvents 有机溶剂20 Sublimation during storage 存放升华21 Perborate 酸钠22 Phenolic yellowing 酚醛发黄23 Sweat & saliva 汗液及唾液24 Washing (with shrinkage conducted) 水洗色牢度（缩水测试后）25 Bleeding 渗色度26 Ozone 臭氧27 Gas fume 烟气28 Dye transfer in storage 储存时颜色转移29 Light & perspiration 光照及汗液30 Contact test 接触测试31 Wicking 吸水32 Colour transfer against special condition 特别情况下颜色转移33 Colour fastness to perborate & light 过硼酸盐及光照色牢度34 Colour fastness of fabrics 布料颜色牢度Strength tests 强度测试1 Tensile strength 拉伸2 Lea strength 绞纱 3 Single thread/yarn strength 单线纱4 bursting strength 胀破强力5 Seam performance 接缝 6 Tearing strength 撕裂7 Bonding strength 粘合强力8 Loop strength 打结，钩接强力Fabric / garment performance and flammability tests 品质及燃烧测试1 Abrasion ressistance 耐磨性2 Pilling ressistance 抗毛性3 Snagging ressistance 防钩丝4 Wrinkle/crease recovery 皱纹/ 折痕回复性5 Stiffness 布料硬挺度6 Stretch and recovery 伸展及回复性7 Water repellency 防水性8 Oil repellency 防油性9 Soil release 防污10 Needle cutting 烧针现象11 Flammabillity 燃烧性12 Surfce flammabillity of carpets and rugs 地毯燃烧测试13 Durability of applied designs and finishes to dry cleaning 印花花纹和整理剂14 Wettability 湿润度15 Absorbency of bleached textiles 漂白纺织品和吸水性16 Air permeability 透气性17 Water vapour permeability index 透湿指数18 Thermal stability of coated fabric 涂层织物之耐热性19 Resistance to blocking 抗阻塞性20 Water vapour transmision 透湿性21 Dry fit function 快干综合功能22 Cold bending test for coated fabric 涂层织物的低温弯曲度测试23 Brittleness temp. of plastic sheeting 塑料脆化温度24 Antistatic 防静电25 Thermal ressistance 保暖度纤维、纱线及面料：涤纶：ployester 锦纶：nylon/polyamide 醋酸：acetate 棉；cotton 人棉：rayon真丝：silk 人丝：viscose 长丝：filament 短纤：spun 氨纶：spandex/elastic/strec/lycra纱线Yarns 棉纱Cotton Yarns 涤棉纱T/C & CVC Yarns 粘棉纱Cotton/Rayon Yarns棉晴纱Cotton/Acrylic Yarns 棉/ 氨纶包芯纱Cotton/Spandex Yarns棉与其他混纺纱Cotton/Others Blended Yarns 毛纺系列纱线Woollen Yarn Series羊绒纱Cashmere Yarn Series 全羊毛纱Wool (100%) Yarns毛晴纱Wool/Acrylic Yarns 毛涤纱Wool/Polyester Yarns 毛粘纱Wool/Viscose Yarns麻棉混纺布：linen/cotton blended fabric 麻棉交织布：linen/cotton mixed fabric里料：lining 面料：fabric m 平纹：taffeta 缎面：satin / charmeuse 斜纹：twill缩写C ：Cotton 棉W ：Wool 羊毛M ：Mohair 马海毛RH ：Rabbit hair 兔毛AL ：Alpaca 羊驼毛S ：Silk 真丝J ：Jute 黄麻L ：linen 亚麻Ts ：Tussah silk 柞蚕丝YH ：Yark hair 牦牛毛Ly ：lycra 莱卡Ram ：Ramine 苎麻Hem ：Hemp 大麻T ：Polyester 涤纶WS ：Cashmere 羊绒N ：Nylon 锦纶（尼龙）A ：Acrylic 腈纶Tel ：Tencel 天丝, 是Lyocell 莱赛尔纤维的商品名称La ：Lambswool 羊羔毛Md ：Model 莫代尔CH ：Camel hair 驼毛CVC ：chief value of cotton 涤棉倒比（涤含量低于60 ％以下）Ms ：Mulberry silk 桑蚕丝R ：Rayon 粘胶1. 天然纤维--natural fibre 植物纤维---plant fiber 种子毛纤维(seed fibre) ：棉花(cotton) 、木棉(kapok) 韧皮纤维(bast fiber) ：亚麻(flax) 、大麻(Hemp) 、苎麻(Ramie) ，黄麻(Jute) 、青麻、洋麻叶纤维(leaf fibre) ：剑麻(sisal hemp) 、蕉麻(Manila hemp)果实纤维(fruit fibre) 椰子纤维(coconut fibre)动物纤维---animal fibre 毛发(hair) ：羊毛(wool) 、兔毛(rabbit hair) 、鸵毛(camel hair) 等分泌物：家蚕、柞蚕(tussah silk) 、桑蚕丝(mulberry silk)矿物纤维---mineral fiber ：石棉(asbestos fiber)2. 人造纤维--man-made fibre无机纤维：金属纤维、玻璃纤维、岩石纤维矿渣纤维等---inorganic fiber: metal fiber 、stone fiber 、glass fiber 、slag fiber,人造纤维素纤维：粘胶纤维、铜氨纤维等---Man-made cellulose fibre viscose 、Cuprammouium rayon纤维素酯纤维: 二醋酯纤维、三醋酯纤维---Cellulose acetate-fiber ：two-acetate fiberthree-acetate fiber人造蛋白纤维: 酪素纤维、玉米蛋白纤维、大豆蛋白纤维等---corn protein fiber 、pea protein fiber3. 合成纤维(synthetic fibre) OR (chemical fiber)聚酯纤维( 聚对苯二甲酸二甲酯) ：涤纶(PET) T (polyethylene terephthalate ：polyester)聚酰胺纤维：锦纶(PA) N （聚酰胺, 尼龙）聚丙烯腈系纤维: 腈纶(PVN) A （polyacrylonitrile , 丙烯酸）聚烯烃纤维: 丙纶(PP) （聚丙烯）聚氨酯纤维: 氨纶(OP) （polyruethane elastomeric 纤维; 斯潘德克斯弹性纤维）聚乙烯醇缩醛纤维: 维纶(PVA) V （维尼纶）聚氯乙稀：氯纶（PVC ）（chlorofibre , 聚乙烯化合物的氯化物纤维）颜色：红色red 朱红vermeil; vermilion; ponceau 粉红pink; soft red; rose bloom 玫瑰红rose madder; rose 桃红peach blossom; peach; 橙色orange 黄色yellow桔黄orange; crocus; gamboge; 深桔黄, 深橙deep orange 米黄apricot cream cream中黄midium yellow 嫩黄yellow cream 绿色green 橄榄绿olive green olive 水草绿water grass green 深草绿jungle green 灰湖绿agate green 水晶绿crystal green中绿medium green; golf green 浅绿light green 淡绿pale green 蓝色blue 天蓝sky blue; azure celeste; 蔚蓝azure; sky blue 海洋蓝ocean blue 紫色purple; violet紫罗兰色violet 葡萄紫grape 茄皮紫aubergine; wineberry 玫瑰紫rose violet黑色black 土黑earth black 煤黑coal black 橄榄黑olive black棕黑sepia; brown black 白色white 象牙白ivory white; ivory珍珠白pear white gray lily 玉石白jade white 灰色grey; gray银灰silver grey;chinchilla; gray mom 铁灰iron grey 铅灰lividity 、leaden grey碳灰charcoal grey 驼灰doe 豆灰rose dust 棕色, 褐色brown 红棕umber; chili金棕auburn 铁锈棕rustic brown 桔棕orange brown 橄榄棕olive brown 棕褐summer tan 茶褐auburn umber 黑褐black brown 咖啡色coffee紫酱色marron 茶色umber; dun; dark brown 琥珀色amber;succinite栗色chestnut; sorrel; marron 金色gold 古金色old gold 银色silver; argent 铅色lividity 锌色zinc 铁锈色rust 青古铜色bronze; bronzy 黑古铜色dark bronze紫铜色purple bronze 黄铜色brassiness 驼色camel; light tan米色beige; buff; cream; gray sand 卡其色khaki 奶油色cream 豆沙色cameo肉色flesh , carnation;incarnadine; yellowish pink 水晶色crystal 荧光色iridescent服装专业词汇服装服饰常用词汇分类服装服饰基本词汇（Basic knowledge of Dress)中文英文中文英文服装garments; apparel 高级时装saute couture服装设计garment design 针织服装knitted garments /wear服装公司garment company 梭织服装woven garments /wear服装模特garment model 服装工业apparel factory化妆品cosmetic 服装纺织品apparel/clothing textiles服装设计（Garment Design ）中文英文中文英文身材stature; figure; build 颈点neck point标准体型standard form/figure 肩宽shoulder width/length 特殊体型special form/figure 肩斜，小肩宽s houlder lopes袖肥biceps circumference 前，（后）中心线front,(back) center line 裤长pantaloons 背宽back width; across back; 直裆，立裆rise; fork to waist 胸围chest; breast line; bust 尺码，尺寸size; measurements 腰围waist line裁片cutted pieces; cut parts 臀围，坐围hipline; hip girth;衬裙slip; petticoat 下摆bottom; hem; sweep背心，马甲vest 背长back length; neck waistlength成衣read-to-wear; tailoring 上装upper outer garment夹克，（衫）j acket; blouson 袄Chinese-style coat袍robes; bathrobe 套装suit; outfit礼仪服装formal attire 制服uniform; livery; garb内衣underwear; undershirt 睡衣裤pajamas; nightwear/suit/clothes服装款式（Terms of Positions and Parts for Garments ）中文英文中文英文单，（双）排扣门襟single-breasted closing 插肩，（连身）袖raglan,(all-in-one)sleeve领袢collar tap 肩，（袖）袢s houlder tab大，（小）袖t op,(under) sleeve 挂面front facing褶裥pleat 衬里interlining造型线shaped line 结构线structure line公主线型princess line 轮廓线silhouette line; outline贴，（挖）袋p atch,(insert) pocket 衩，（袖衩）v ent,(cuff vent)服装面/ 辅料（Apparel Fabrics/Accessories ）中文英文中文英文天然, （人造）纤维natural,(chemical) fiber 毛皮，皮革fur; leather四合扣no-sew snap 纱线thread; yarn衬里料lining fabric 填料stuffing; wadding衬垫pad; wadding 带，绳belt; tape商标，唛label; trademark 拉练zip-fastener; zip徽章emblem; badge 花边lace; motif刺绣embroidery; stitch 魔术带hook and loop fastener; tape服装色彩（Colour in Fashion ）中文英文中文英文流行色fashion colour; trendcolour配色colour matching冷，（暖）色调cool,(warm)tone 色系 colour system服装图案（ Design, Print and Dyeing of Apparel Fabrics ）中文 英文 中文 英文图案 design 花纹，花样 pattern条纹 stripe 纹样 ornament格子 tartan ; check 点纹 dot印花 print 染色 dyeing服饰（ Furnishings ）中文 英文 中文 英文帽，头戴物 cap; hat; headdress 领带，领结 necktie; bowtie手，头，围，披巾 Handkerchief; scarf; muffler; shawl; hood 手套，袖套，袖筒gloves; mitts腰带，围裙 belt,; cincture 手镯，脚镯 Bracelet; leglet面纱，面具 veil; masks 袜，绑腿 socks; hose; leg warppings 假发 wig 手杖 stick; cane折扇 folding fan 阳伞 parasol; brolly; sunshade 鞋，靴 shoes; boots 别针 pin服装制作与工艺（ Clothing Technological Operation ）中文 英文 中文 英文制版 sample making 尺码缩放 size grading; grading 工艺要求，（流程） technological requirements, (process) 立体，（平面）裁剪draping,(planar)cutting 原型 block pattern 铺布 spread fabric下料 lay off 经，（纬）纱向length,(weft) grain排料 layout; making the lay 线迹－缝纫 sewing; stitching平缝 plain seam 缉明线 topstitching锁边 overlocking; overcasting 绱袖 Set-in sleeve开袋 cut pocket mouth 绱腰头 attach waistband合侧缝 machine-stitch side seam 镶边 trim paste钉扣 sew on button 熨烫 pressing; ironing包装 packing 成品检验 checking of finished products其他（ Other ）陈列设计 display design 时尚编辑 fashion edit时尚买手 fashion buyer 品牌导购 senior guide空间陈列 space management 大型卖场 megastore折扣店 outlets 连锁店 chain store特许加盟店 franchise 专卖店 special store。
常用染整英语印花及染色
书山有路勤为径；学海无涯苦作舟常用染整英语印花及染色染色\\印花\\设备quickwash shrinkage tester 快速洗水缩水试验机washing fastness tester 水洗牢度机martindate aorasion tester 耐磨损测试机standard light both 标准光源箱universal strength tester 万能强力测试机light fastness tester 日晒牢度仪non-standard equipments 非标设备ironing machine 烫平机series three-legged centrifuger 三足式系列离心机displacement heat exchanger 容积式换热器reactor 反应锅hank drier 绞纱烘燥机bulk-fibre drier 散毛烘燥机liquid-flow hank dyeing machine 液流式绞纱染色机normal temperature oscillating dyeing machine 常温振荡试样机sparging（jet) dyeing machine 喷射式染色机high-temperature /high-pressure dyeing machine 高温高压染色机program-controlled dyeing machine 程控染色机high temperature overflow dyeing machine 高温溢流染色机high temperature and high pressure yarn dyeing machine 高温高压染纱机专注下一代成长，为了孩子。
纺织术语中英文对照表
纺织术语中英文对照表染整中英文对照表助剂类softening and antistatic agents 柔软及抗静电剂water and oil-repellent agents 防水防油整理剂insect-resist agents 防虫剂thickeners 增稠剂crosslinking agents 交联剂emulsifiers 乳化剂染料类direct dyestuffs 直接染料reactive dyeings 活性染料disperse dyestuffs 分散染料设备类quickwash shrinkage tester 快速洗水缩水试验机washing fastness tester 水洗牢度机martindate aorasion tester 耐磨损测试机standard light both 标准光源箱universal strength tester 万能强力测试机light fastness tester 日晒牢度仪non-standard equipments 非标设备ironing machine 烫平机series three-legged centrifuger 三足式系列离心机displacement heat exchanger 容积式换热器reactor 反应锅hank drier 绞纱烘燥机bulk-fibre drier 散毛烘燥机liquid-flow hank dyeing machine 液流式绞纱染色机normal temperature oscillating dyeing machine 常温振荡试样机sparging（jet) dyeing machine 喷射式染色机high-temperature /high-pressure dyeing machine 高温高压染色机program-controlled dyeing machine 程控染色机high temperature overflow dyeing machine 高温溢流染色机high temperature and high pressure yarn dyeing machine 高温高压染纱机atmospheric overflow dyeing machine 常温溢流染色机high temperature sample dyeing machine 高温样品染色机stainless steal drying tumbler 不锈钢烘筒烘燥机rope impregnating mangle 绳状浸染机整理类resin finishing 树脂starch finishing 上浆现象类slightly reddish cast 轻泛红现象electrolyte 电解纺织英语(系列三) 颜色用英语增白：WHITE / SNOW WHITE特黑：BLACK / JET BLACK奶白：IVORY/ECRU/OFF WHITE/CREAM大红：RED 紫红：BORDEAUX/WINE紫色：BURGUNDY/PLUM/VIOLET/PURPLE绿色：GREEN灰色：GREY玉色：OYSTER/PEACH黄色：YELLOW卡其：KAHKI雪青：LILAC古铜色：BROWN梅红：FUSCHIA墨绿：CHARCOAL豆绿：OLIVE藏青：NAVY/BLUE天蓝：SKY BLUE粉红：PINK米色：BEIGE橘黄：ORANGE驼色：CAMEL纺织英语(系列四) 产品包装用英语卷杆：RILLING/WINDING散装：LOOSE PACKING编织袋：WEA VING BAG纸箱：CARTON木箱：WODEN CASE中性包装：NEUTRAL PACKING单幅卷杆：ROLLED ON TUBES IN OPEN WIDTH 双幅卷杆：DOUBLE FOLDED ON ROLLS双幅折板：DOUBLE FOLDED ON BOARD腰封：PAPER TAPES纸管：TUBE吊牌：LABLE / HANG TAG唛头：SHIPPING MARK船样：SHIPPING SAMPLE塑料袋：POL Y BAG匹长：ROLL LENGTH拼匹：ROLL WITH SEWING / ROLL WITH JOIN拼箱：LCL整箱：FCL 出口包装：EXPORT PACK纺织英语(系列五)检验标准用英语质量标准：QUALITY STANDARD（OEKO-TEX STANDARD 100、ISO9002、SGS、ITS、ATCC、M&S）客检：CUSTOMER INSPECTION台板检验：TABLE INSPECTION经向检验：LAMP INSPECTION色牢度：COLOR FASTNESS皂洗色牢度：W ASHING COLOR FASTNESS摩擦色牢度：RUBBING / CRICKING COLOR FASTNESS光照色牢度：LIGHT COLOR FASTNESS汗渍色牢度：PERSPIRA TION COLOR FASTNESS水渍色牢度：W ATER COLOR FASTNESS氯漂白色牢度：CHLORINE BLEACH COLOR FASTNESS尺寸稳定性：DIMENSIONAL STABILITY外观持久性：APPEARANCE RETENTION拉伸强度：TENSILE STRENGTH撕破强度：TEAR STRENGTH接缝滑裂：SEAM SLIPPAGE抗起毛起球性：PILLING RESISTANCE耐磨性：ABRASION RESISTANCE拒水性：W ATER REPELLENCY抗水性：W ATER RESISTANCE织物密度：THREAD PER INCH/STICH DENSITY纱支：Y ARN COUNT 克重：WEIGHT纺织英语(系列六) 整理用英语色前整理：PREMINARY FINISHE （PFP，PFD）退浆：DESIZING 染色：DYEING固色：COLOR FIXING后整理：AFTER FINISH / AFTER TREATMENT热定型：HEAT SETTING树脂整理：RESIN FINISH切割：CUT轧花：EMBOSSED/LOGOTYPE涂层：COATING （PVC、PU、PA）涂白：WHITE PIGMENT涂银：SILVER 烫金：GOLD PRINT磨毛：BRUSHED起皱：CRINKED/ CREPED轧泡：BUBBLED丝光：MERCERIZED硬挺：STIFFENING抗静电：ANTI-STATIC抗起球：ANTI-PILLING防羽绒：DOWN PROOF防霉：ANTI-FUNGUS免烫：W ASH AND WEAR砂洗：STONE W ASHED阻燃：FLAM RETARDANT环保染色：AZO FREE / NO AZO防水：W/P （W A TER SHRINKAGE ）拒水：W/R （W ATER REPELLENT ）缩水：W/S （W ATER SHRINKAGE ）印花：PRINTING 涂料印花：COAT PRINTING拔染印花：DISCHARGE PRINTING平网印花：PLATE SCREAM PRINTING圆网印花：ROTARY SCREAM PRINTING转移印花：TRANSFER PRINTING烂花：BURN OUT模版印花：BLOCK PRINTING纸版印花：PAPER STENCIL纺织英语(系列七) 设备用英语设备方面麦克贝思电脑配色系统：MACBETH “CLOR –EYE ”COMPUTER COLOR MATCHING SYSTEM电脑配液系统：“APID –DOSER ”LABORTEX –LABORATORY DOSING SYSTEM VERIVIDE对色灯箱：VERIVIDE COLOR ASSESMENT CABINET打样：LAB DIPS大货生产：BULK PRODUCTION精练机：DESIZING MACHINE折幅机：CREASING MACHINE卷染：JIG DYEING溢流染色：JET OVERFLOW DYEING/BLEED DYEING轧染：PAD DYEING定型机：SET-STRECHING/STENTER FRAME纺织英语(系列八) 染料用英语碱性染料：BASIC DYES酸性染料：ACID DYES活性染料：REACTIVE DYES分散染料：DISPERSE DYES阳离子染料：CA TION DYES还原染料：VAT DYES直接染料：DIRECT DYES硫化染料：SULPHUR DYES非偶氮染料：AZO FREE DYES纺织英语(系列九) 产品用英语里料：LINING面料：FABRIC平纹：TAFFETA斜纹：TWILL 缎面：SATIN / CHARMEUSE绡：LUSTRINE提花：JACQUARD烂花：BURNT-OUT春亚纺：PONGEE格子：CHECK条子：STRIPE双层：DOUBLE –LAYER双色：TWO –TONE花瑶：FAILLE高士宝：KOSHIBO雪纺：CHIFFON乔其：GEORGETTE塔丝隆：TASLON弹力布：SPANDEX/ELASTIC/STREC/L YCRA 牛仔布：JEANET牛津布：OXFORD帆布：CAMBRIC涤棉：P/C 涤捻：T/R 白涤条纺：WHITE STRIPE黑条纺：BLACK STRIPE空齿纺：EMPTY STRIPE水洗绒/桃皮绒：PEACH SKIN卡丹绒：PEACH TWILL绉绒：PEACH MOSS玻璃纱：ORGANDY纺织英语(系列十) 原料用英语涤纶：PLOYESTER锦纶：NYLON/POL YAMIDE醋酸：ACETATE棉：COTTON人棉：RAYON人丝：VISCOSE仿真丝：IMITATED SILK FABRIC真丝：SILK氨纶：SPANDEX/ELASTIC/STREC/L YCRA长丝：FILAMENT短纤：SPUN黑丝：BLACK YARN阳离子：CATION三角异形丝：TRIANGLE PROFILE空气变形丝：AIR-JET TEXTURING Y ARN超细纤维：MICRO –FIBRIC全拉伸丝：FDY （FULL DRAWN Y ARN）预取向丝：POY（PREORIENTED YARN）拉伸变形丝：DTY（DRAW TEXTURED YARN）牵伸加捻丝：DT （DRWW TWIST ACCESSORY纺织英语(系列十一) 辅料用英语料，配件ACROSS MEASURE横量ACRYLIC腈纶ADHESIVE / FUSIBLE INTERLINING粘衬ANTIQUE BRASS COATING镀青古铜ANTISTATIC FINISH防静电处理APPAREL成衣APPEALING LOOK吸引人的外表APPROV AL SAMPLE批办APPROVED SAMPLE WITH SIGNING NAME 签名批办ARMHOLE夹圈ASSEMBLING OF FRONT & BACK PART前后幅合并ASSEMBLING SECTION合并部分ATTACH COLLAR上领ATTACH LABEL上商标ATTACHMENT（车缝）附件BACK COVER FRONT后搭前BACK MID-ARMHOLE后背宽BACK ACROSS后背宽BACK STITCH返针，回针BACKLESS DRESS露背装BAR CODED STICKER条形码贴纸BARGAINING讨价还价BAR-TACK打枣BASTE假缝BATILK蜡染BEARER袋衬BEARER & FACING袋衬袋贴BEDFORD CORD.坑纹布，经条灯心绒BELL BOTTOM喇叭裤脚BELLOWS POCKET风琴袋BELT腰带BELT-LOOP裤耳BIAS CUT斜纹裁，纵纹裁BIFURCATE分叉BINDER包边蝴蝶，滚边蝴蝶BINDING包边BINDING OF SLV. OPENING R折BINDING OF TOP VENT面叉包边BINDING TAPE包边BINDING/BOUND滚条BLANKET毛毯，地毯BLEACH漂白BLEACH SPOT漂白污渍BLEEDING洗水后褪色BLEND FIBRE混纺纤维BLENDS混纺BLIND STITCH挑脚线步BLOUSE女装衬衫BODY PRESSING衫身熨烫BODY RISE浪BOTTOM衫脚，下摆BOTTOM VENT OF SLEEVE细侧BOTTOMS下装BOX-PLEATED外工字褶BOY’S STYLE FL Y / LEFT FL Y男装钮牌，左钮牌BRAID织锦，织带BRANCH 分公司BREAK STITCHES 断线BRIEFS 男装紧身内裤BROCADE织锦，织带BROKEN STITCHING断线BUBBLING起泡BUCKLE皮带扣BUCKLE-LOOP皮带扣BULK PRODUCTION大量生产BUNDLE CODE扎号BUNDLING执扎BUTTON钮扣BUTTON STAND门搭位BUTTON-HOLE钮门/ 扣眼BUTTON-HOLING开钮门BUTTONING钉钮BUTTONING WITH BUTTON SEWER用钉钮机钉钮C/B VENT后中叉CALICO / GRAY CLOTHES胚布CANV AS马尾衬，帆布CARDBOARD纸板CARDED粗疏CARE LABEL洗水唛CARTONNING装箱，入箱CASE PACK LABEL外箱贴纸CASH POCKET表袋CASUAL WEAR便装CATCHING FACING钮子CENTER BACK后中CENTER CREASE FOLD中骨对折CENTER CREASE LINE中骨线CENTER FRONT 前中CERTIFIED SUB-CONTRACTOR 认可加工厂HAIN STITCH M/C 锁链车CHAIN STITCHES锁链线步CHAMPRAY皱布CHEMISE宽松服装CHEST/BUST胸围CHIC时髦的，流行的CIRCULAR KNIT圆筒针织布CLASSIC LOOK经典款式CLASSIFICATION分类CLEAN FINISH还口CLEAN FINISH OF TOP VENT面叉还口CLEAN FINISH WITH 1/4“SINGLE NEEDLE 1/4“单针还口CLOSE FITTING贴身CLOSE SIDE SEAM埋侧骨COATING外套大衣COIN POCKET表袋COLLAR领子COLLAR BAND下级领COLLAR FALL上级领COLLAR NOTCH领扼位COLLAR POINT领尖COLLAR STAND下级领COLLAR STAY领插竹COLLECTION系列COLOR SHADING色差COMBED精梳CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION结构细节CONTINUOUS PLACKET R折CONTROL OF LABOR TURNOVER劳工流失控制CORDUROY灯心绒COST SHEET成本单COTTON STRING棉绳COVERING STITCHING拉冚线步（600类）CREASE & WRINKL Y RESISTANT FINISH 防皱处理CREASE LINE折线CREPE DE-CHINE皱布CROSS CROTCH十字缝CROSS CUT横纹裁CROTCH POINT浪顶点CTN. NO. 箱号CUFF 鸡英，介英CUFF ATTACHING TO SLEEVE车鸡英到袖子上CUFF VENT/CUFF OPENING袖侧CUFFED BOTTOM HEM反脚，假反脚，脚级CUFFLESS BOTTOM平脚CURVED POCKET弯袋CUT & SEWN切驳CUTTING PIECE裁片CUTTING PIECE NUMBERING给裁片编号 D.K. JACQUARD双面提花（针织）DAMAGE CAUSED BY NEEDLE针孔DECORATIVE STITCHING装饰间线DELIVERY DA TE落货期DENIER 旦尼尔 DENIM 牛仔DENSITY密度DESIGN SKETCH设计图DESIGNED FEATURE设计特征DIMENSION尺寸、尺码DINNER JACKET晚礼服DIRT STAINS AFTER WASHING洗水后有污迹DIRTY SPOT污点DISCOUNT / SALES OFF打折DOBBY织花布DOUBLE CUFF双层鸡英DOUBLE END双经DOUBLE JETTED POCKET双唇袋DOUBLE NEEDLE FELL SEAM双针埋夹DOUBLE PICK双纬DOUBLING并线DRESS COAT礼服DRESSING ROOM 试衣间DRILLING 钻孔位DRY-CLEANED干洗DUCK帆布DYEING 染色纺织验货用语的中英文对照成品检验Checking of finished products检验，检查inspection, check商检commodity inspection领面松wrinkles at top collar领面紧top collar appears tight领面起泡crumples at top collar领外口松collar edge appears loose领外口紧collar edge appears tight底领伸出collar band is longer than collar底领缩进collar band is shorter than collar底领里起皱wrinkles at collar band facing底领外露collar band lean out of collar倘领偏斜collar deviates from front center line 领窝不平creases below neckline后领窝起涌bunches below back neckline驳头起皱wrinkles at top lapel驳头反翘top lapel appears tight驳头外口松lapel edge appears loose驳头外口紧lapel edge appears tight驳口不直lapel roll line is uneven串口不直gorge line is uneven领卡脖tight neckline领离脖collar stand away from neck小肩起皱puckers at shoulders塌肩wrinkles at shoulder袖隆起皱creases at underarm袖隆缝起皱puckers at underarm seam塌胸lack of fullness at chest省尖起泡crumples at dart point拉链起皱wrinkles at zip fly止口不直front edge is uneven止口缩角front edge is out of square止口反翘front edge is upturned止口反吐facing leans out of front edge 止口豁split at front edge止口下部搭叠过多crossing at front edge底边起皱wrinkles at hem后身起吊back of coat rides up背衩豁开split at back vent背衩搭叠过多crossing at back vent绗棉起皱puckers at quilting絮棉不均padded cotton is uneven边缘缺棉empty hem绱袖不圆顺diagonal wrinkles at sleeve cap 袖子偏前sleeve leans to front袖子偏后sleeve leans to back前袖缝外翻inseam leans to front袖口起皱wrinkles at sleeve opening袖里拧diagonal wrinkles at sleeve lining 袋盖反翘top flap appears tight袋盖反吐flap lining leans out of edge袋盖不直flap edge is uneven袋口角起皱creases on two ends of pocket mouth 袋口裂split at pocket mouth腰头探出end of waistband is uneven腰缝起皱wrinkles at waistband facing里襟里起皱creases at right fly夹裆tight crotch短裆short seat后裆下垂slack seat前浪不平wrinkles at front rise裆缝断线bursting of crotch seam裤脚前后two legs are uneven脚口不齐leg opening is uneven吊脚pulling at outseam or inseam烫迹线外撇crease line leans to outside烫迹线内撇crease line leans to inside腰缝下口涌bunches below waistline seam裙裥豁开split at lower part of skirt裙身吊split hem line rides up裙浪不匀skirt flare is uneven线路偏移stitch seam leans out line双轨接线stitch seam is uneven跳针skipping尺码不符off size缝制不良stitching quality is not good洗水不良washing quality is not good熨烫不良pressing quality is not good极光iron-shine水渍water stain锈迹rust污渍spot色差color shade, off shade, color deviation褪色fading, fugitive color线头thread residue毛头raw edge leans out of seam绣花不良embroidery design out line is uncovered 纺织英语中英文对照系列－－整理染色前整理：PREMINARY FINISHE （PFP，PFD）退浆：DESIZING 染色：DYEING固色：COLOR FIXING后整理：AFTER FINISH / AFTER TREATMENT热定型：HEAT SETTING树脂整理：RESIN FINISH切割：CUT轧花：EMBOSSED/LOGOTYPE涂层：COATING （PVC、PU、PA）涂白：WHITE PIGMENT涂银：SILVER 烫金：GOLD PRINT磨毛：BRUSHED起皱：CRINKED/ CREPED轧泡：BUBBLED丝光：MERCERIZED硬挺：STIFFENING抗静电：ANTI-STATIC抗起球：ANTI-PILLING防羽绒：DOWN PROOF防霉：ANTI-FUNGUS免烫：WASH AND WEAR砂洗：STONE WASHED阻燃：FLAM RETARDANT环保染色：AZO FREE / NO AZO防水：W/P （WATER SHRINKAGE ）拒水：W/R （WATER REPELLENT ）缩水：W/S （WATER SHRINKAGE ）印花：PRINTING 涂料印花：COAT PRINTING拔染印花：DISCHARGE PRINTING平网印花：PLATE SCREAM PRINTING 圆网印花：ROTARY SCREAM PRINTING 转移印花：TRANSFER PRINTING烂花：BURN OUT模版印花：BLOCK PRINTING纸版印花：PAPER STENCIL纺织英语中英文对照系列－－染料碱性染料：BASIC DYES酸性染料：ACID DYES活性染料：REACTIVE DYES分散染料：DISPERSE DYES阳离子染料：CATION DYES还原染料：VAT DYES直接染料：DIRECT DYES硫化染料：SULPHUR DYES非偶氮染料：AZO FREE DYES纺织英语中英文对照系列－－产品包装卷杆：RILLING/WINDING散装：LOOSE PACKING编织袋：WEAVING BAG纸箱：CARTON木箱：WODEN CASE中性包装：NEUTRAL PACKING单幅卷杆：ROLLED ON TUBES IN OPEN WIDTH 双幅卷杆：DOUBLE FOLDED ON ROLLS双幅折板：DOUBLE FOLDED ON BOARD腰封：PAPER TAPES纸管：TUBE吊牌：LABLE / HANG TAG唛头：SHIPPING MARK船样：SHIPPING SAMPLE塑料袋：POLY BAG匹长：ROLL LENGTH拼匹：ROLL WITH SEWING / ROLL WITH JOIN 拼箱：LCL整箱：FCL 出口包装：EXPORT PACK纺织英语中英文对照系列－－产品里料：LINING面料：FABRIC平纹：TAFFETA斜纹：TWILL缎面：SATIN / CHARMEUSE绡：LUSTRINE提花：JACQUARD烂花：BURNT-OUT春亚纺：PONGEE格子：CHECK条子：STRIPE双层：DOUBLE – LAYER双色：TWO – TONE花瑶：FAILLE高士宝：KOSHIBO雪纺：CHIFFON乔其：GEORGETTE塔丝隆：TASLON弹力布：SPANDEX/ELASTIC/STREC/LYCRA 牛仔布：JEANET牛津布：OXFORD帆布：CAMBRICT/R 白涤条纺：WHITE STRIPE黑条纺：BLACK STRIPE空齿纺：EMPTY STRIPE水洗绒/桃皮绒：PEACH SKIN卡丹绒：PEACH TWILL绉绒：PEACH MOSS玻璃纱：ORGANDY纺织英语中英文对照系列－－纱线纱线Yarns棉及其混纺纱线Cotton, Cotton Mixed & Blended Yarns 棉纱Cotton Yarns涤棉纱T/C & CVC Yarns粘棉纱Cotton/Rayon Yarns棉晴纱Cotton/Acrylic Yarns棉/氨纶包芯纱Cotton/Spandex Yarns棉与其他混纺纱Cotton/Others Blended Yarns毛纺系列纱线Woollen Yarn Series羊绒纱Cashmere Yarn Series全羊毛纱Wool (100%) Yarns毛晴纱Wool/Acrylic Yarns毛涤纱Wool/Polyester Yarns毛粘纱Wool/Viscose Yarns毛/丝纱Wool/Silk Yarnss羊毛/其他Wool/Other Yarns兔毛纱Angora Yarns雪兰毛线Shetland Yarns牦牛毛纱Yak Hair Yarns羊仔毛纱Lambswool Yarns真丝系列纱线Silk Yarn Series白厂丝White Steam Filature Yarns双宫丝Duppion Silk Yarns柞蚕丝Tussah Silk Yarns绢丝Spun Silk Yarns柞绢丝Tussah Spun Silk Yarns柚丝Silk Noil Yarns真丝线Silk Threads丝棉混纺纱Silk/Cotton Blended Yarns麻纺系列纱线Halm Yarn Series大麻系列纱线Hemp Yarn Series亚麻系列纱线Linen Yarn Series苎麻系列纱线Ramie Yarn Series黄麻系列纱线Jute Yarn Series其他植物纤维纱线Other Plant Yarns剑麻系列纱线Sisal Yarn Series人造纤维和合成纱线Manmade & Synthetic Yarns 晴纶纱Acrylic Yarns晴纶仿羊绒Cashmere-like Acrylic Yarns仿兔毛Sunday Angora Yarns锦纶丝Polyamide Yarns涤纶纱/丝Polyester Yarns人造棉纱Spun Rayon Yarns天丝纱Tencel Yarns弹力纱线Elastane Yarns涤粘纱T/R (Polyester/Rayon) Yarns人棉混纺纱Spun Rayon Blended Yarns其他化纤纱线Other Synthetic Yarns人造长丝或线Viscose Filament Yarns or Threads 花色纱线fancy yarns雪尼尔纱Chenille Yarns大肚纱Big-belly Yarns带子纱Tape Yarns马海毛纱Mohair Yarns羽毛纱Feather Yarns蜈蚣纱Centipede like Yarns项链纱Neckline Yarns辫子纱Pigtail Yarns梯子纱Ladder Yarns圈圈纱Loop YarnsTT 纱TT Yarns结子纱Knot Yarns乒乓纱Ping-Pong Yarns其它花色纱线Other Fancy Yarns金属纱线Metal Yarns绳、索及缆Twine, Cordage, Rope & Cables 纺织英语中英文对照系列－－原料涤纶：PLOYESTER锦纶：NYLON/POLYAMIDE醋酸：ACETATE棉：COTTON人棉：RAYON人丝：VISCOSE仿真丝：IMITATED SILK FABRIC真丝：SILK氨纶：SPANDEX/ELASTIC/STREC/LYCRA长丝：FILAMENT短纤：SPUN黑丝：BLACK YARN阳离子：CATION三角异形丝：TRIANGLE PROFILE空气变形丝：AIR-JET TEXTURING YARN超细纤维：MICRO – FIBRIC全拉伸丝：FDY （FULL DRAWN YARN）预取向丝：POY（PREORIENTED YARN）拉伸变形丝：DTY（DRAW TEXTURED YARN）牵伸加捻丝：DT （DRWW TWIST ACCESSORY 纺织英语中英文对照系列－－坯布靛蓝青年布：indigo chambray人棉布植绒：rayon cloth flocking pvc植绒：pvc flocking针织布植绒：knitting cloth flocking珠粒绒：claimond veins倒毛：down pile making平绒：velveteen (velvet-plain)仿麂皮：micro suede牛仔皮植绒：jeans flocking尼丝纺：nylon taffeta (nylon shioze)尼龙塔夫泡泡纱：nylon seersucker taffeta素面植绒：plain flocking印花植绒：flocking(flower)雕印植绒：embossing flocking皮革沟底植绒：leather imitation flocking牛仔植绒雕印：embossing jeans flocking兔羊绒大衣呢：angora cachmere overcoating 羊毛双面呢：double-faced woolen goods立绒呢：cut velvet顺毛呢：over coating粗花呢：costume tweed弹力呢：lycra woolen goods塔丝绒：nylon taslon塔丝绒格子：n/taslon ripstop桃皮绒：polyester peach skin涤塔夫：polyester taffeta春亚纺：polyester pongee超细麦克布：micro fiber锦棉稠(平纹)：nylon-cotton fabric （plain）重平锦棉稠：nylon-cotton-cotton fabric(double weft) 人字锦棉纺：nylon-cotton fabric斜纹锦棉纺：nylon-cotton fabric (twill)素色天鹅绒：solid velvet抽条磨毛天鹅绒：rib fleece velvet雪花天鹅绒：melange velvet轧花天鹅绒：ginning velvet粒粒绒布：pellet fleece velvet麻棉混纺布：linen/cotton blended fabric麻棉交织布：linen/cotton mixed fabric素色毛巾布：solid terry蚂蚁布：fleece in one side素色卫衣布：solid fleece鱼网布：fleece 彩条汗布：color-stripes single jerseyt/r弹力布：t/r bengaline t/c色织格子布：t/c solid check fabric弹力仿麂皮：micro suede with spandext/r仿麂皮：t/r micro suede仿麂皮瑶粒绒复合布：100%polyester micro suede bounding with polar fleece 仿麂皮针织布复合：100% polyester bounding with knitting micro suede fabric 仿麂皮羊羔绒复合布：100% polyester micro suede bounding with lamb fur蜡光缎：cire satine全消光尼丝纺：full dull nylon taffeta半消光尼丝纺：semi-dull nylon taffeta亮光尼龙：trilobal nylon全消光塔丝隆：full dull nylon taslan全消光牛津布：full dull nylon oxford尼龙格：nylon rip-stop塔丝隆格：taslan rip-stop哑富迪：full dull micro polyester pongee全消光春亚纺：full dull polyester pongee春亚纺格子：polyester pongee rip-stop全消光涤纶桃皮绒：full dull polyester peach宽斜纹桃皮绒：big twill polyester peach涤锦复合桃皮绒：poly/nylon peach涤纶格子：polyester taffeta rip-stop涤纶蜂巢塔丝隆：polyester honey taslan全消光涤纶低弹牛津布：full dull poly textured oxford 涤锦交织桃皮绒：nylon/polyester inter-woven peach 纺织英语中英文对照系列－－辅料辅料，配件ACROSS MEASURE横量ACRYLIC腈纶ADHESIVE / FUSIBLE INTERLINING粘衬ANTIQUE BRASS COATING镀青古铜ANTISTATIC FINISH防静电处理APPAREL成衣APPEALING LOOK吸引人的外表APPROVAL SAMPLE批办APPROVED SAMPLE WITH SIGNING NAME 签名批办ARMHOLE夹圈ASSEMBLING OF FRONT & BACK PART前后幅合并ASSEMBLING SECTION合并部分ATTACH COLLAR上领ATTACH LABEL上商标ATTACHMENT（车缝）附件BACK COVER FRONT后搭前BACK MID-ARMHOLE后背宽BACK ACROSS后背宽BACK STITCH返针，回针BACKLESS DRESS露背装BAR CODED STICKER条形码贴纸BARGAINING讨价还价BAR-TACK打枣BASTE假缝BATILK蜡染BEARER袋衬BEARER & FACING袋衬袋贴BEDFORD CORD.坑纹布，经条灯心绒BELL BOTTOM喇叭裤脚BELLOWS POCKET 风琴袋BELT 腰带BELT-LOOP裤耳BIAS CUT斜纹裁，纵纹裁BIFURCATE 分叉BINDER 包边蝴蝶，滚边蝴蝶BINDING包边BINDING OF SLV. OPENING R折BINDING OF TOP VENT面叉包边BINDING TAPE包边BINDING/BOUND滚条BLANKET毛毯，地毯BLEACH漂白BLEACH SPOT漂白污渍BLEEDING洗水后褪色BLEND FIBRE混纺纤维BLENDS混纺BLIND STITCH挑脚线步BLOUSE女装衬衫BODY PRESSING衫身熨烫BODY RISE直浪BOTTOM衫脚，下摆BOTTOM VENT OF SLEEVE细侧BOTTOMS下装BOX-PLEATED外工字褶BOY’S STYLE FLY / LEFT FLY男装钮牌，左钮牌BRAID织锦，织带BRANCH 分公司BREAK STITCHES 断线BRIEFS 男装紧身内裤BROCADE织锦，织带BROKEN STITCHING断线BUBBLING起泡BUCKLE皮带扣BUCKLE-LOOP皮带扣BULK PRODUCTION大量生产BUNDLE CODE扎号BUNDLING执扎BUTTON钮扣BUTTON STAND钮门搭位BUTTON-HOLE钮门/ 扣眼BUTTON-HOLING开钮门BUTTONING钉钮BUTTONING WITH BUTTON SEWER 用钉钮机钉钮C/B VENT后中叉CALICO / GRAY CLOTHES胚布CANVAS马尾衬，帆布CARDBOARD纸板CARDED粗疏CARE LABEL洗水唛CARTONNING装箱，入箱CASE PACK LABEL外箱贴纸CASH POCKET表袋CASUAL WEAR便装CATCHING FACING钮子CENTER BACK后中CENTER CREASE FOLD中骨对折CENTER CREASE LINE中骨线CENTER FRONT 前中CERTIFIED SUB-CONTRACTOR 认可加工厂CHAIN STITCH M/C 锁链车CHAIN STITCHES锁链线步CHAMPRAY皱布CHEMISE宽松服装CHEST/BUST胸围CHIC时髦的，流行的CIRCULAR KNIT圆筒针织布CLASSIC LOOK经典款式CLASSIFICATION分类CLEAN FINISH还口CLEAN FINISH OF TOP VENT面叉还口CLEAN FINISH WITH 1/4“ SINGLE NEEDLE 1/4“单针还口CLOSE FITTING贴身CLOSE SIDE SEAM埋侧骨COATING外套大衣COIN POCKET表袋COLLAR领子COLLAR BAND下级领COLLAR FALL上级领COLLAR NOTCH领扼位COLLAR POINT领尖COLLAR STAND下级领COLLAR STAY领插竹COLLECTION系列COLOR SHADING色差COMBED精梳CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION结构细节CONTINUOUS PLACKET R折CONTROL OF LABOR TURNOVER劳工流失控制CORDUROY灯心绒COST SHEET成本单COTTON STRING棉绳COVERING STITCHING拉冚线步（600类）CREASE & WRINKLY RESISTANT FINISH 防皱处理CREASE LINE折线CREPE DE-CHINE皱布CROSS CROTCH十字缝CROSS CUT横纹裁CROTCH POINT浪顶点CTN. NO. 箱号CUFF 鸡英，介英CUFF ATTACHING TO SLEEVE 车鸡英到袖子上CUFF VENT/CUFF OPENING袖侧CUFFED BOTTOM HEM反脚，假反脚，脚级CUFFLESS BOTTOM平脚CURVED POCKET弯袋CUT & SEWN切驳CUTTING PIECE裁片CUTTING PIECE NUMBERING给裁片编号 D.K. JACQUARD双面提花（针织）DAMAGE CAUSED BY NEEDLE 针孔DECORATIVE STITCHING装饰间线DELIVERY DATE落货期DENIER 旦尼尔 DENIM 牛仔DENSITY密度DESIGN SKETCH设计图DESIGNED FEATURE设计特征DIMENSION尺寸、尺码DINNER JACKET晚礼服DIRT STAINS AFTER WASHING洗水后有污迹DIRTY SPOT污点DISCOUNT / SALES OFF打折DOBBY织花布DOUBLE CUFF双层鸡英DOUBLE END双经DOUBLE JETTED POCKET双唇袋DOUBLE NEEDLE FELL SEAM双针埋夹DOUBLE PICK双纬DOUBLING并线DRESS COAT礼服DRESSING ROOM 试衣间DRILLING 钻孔位DRY-CLEANED干洗DUCK帆布DYEING 染色纺织面料瑕疵名词解释与中英文对照横裆疵(Barre)- 对针织织物而言，这种缺陷的特点是在织物横列或在织物横向上通常会出现一些不均匀的花纹图案。
染整专业英语第二版课文翻译第二单元
染整专业英语第二版课文翻译第二单元Hi, my name is Marry Fielding and I guess you could say that I am "one ina million". In other words, there are not many people like me. You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can't run or climb stairs as quickly as other people. In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and dropthings or bump into furniture. Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. My motto is: live One day at a time.Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup. Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy footballfrom a bench at the stadium. In the end I went into hospital for medical tests.I stayed there for nearly three months. I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and lookedat it under a microscope. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.One problem is that I don't look any different from other people. So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an absence, I felt stupid because I was behind the others.My life is a lot easier at high school because my fellow students have accepted me. The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them. All in all I have a good life. I am happyto have found many things I can do, like writing and computer programming. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. Last year invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feelingsorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets. I have two rabbits, a parrot, a tank full of fish and a tortoise. To look after my pets properly takes a lotof time but I find it worthwhile. I also have to do a lot of work, especiallyif I have been away for a while.In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent. I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them, and don't ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.Thank you for reading my story.Unit 1马丁的故事嗨,我的名字就是马丁。
染整英语4 printing
Preparation of screen 筛网准备
Photochemical process 光化学加工工艺
Design 图案
Screen 筛网
Photosensitive material 感光材料
4.3 screen printing 筛网印花
Flat-bed screen printing 平网印花
Roller printing machine 滚筒印花机
Furnish rollers 给浆辊筒
4.2 Roller printing 滚筒印花
Engraved rollers 刻花辊筒
Function 功能 Impart colors to fabric 将颜料传递到织物上
4.2 Roller printing 滚筒印花
Rotary screen printing 圆网印花
Seamless cylindrical screens 无缝圆柱形网
Rotary screen printing 圆网印花
a multi-colored print 多色印花 on
a white ground 白底
Discharge printing 拔染印花
The uniform dyeing of the fabric by any of the conventional dyeing methods, 任何常规染色方法对织物均匀染色 followed by drying and printing a thickened solution of an oxidizing agent such as sodium chlorate 随后烘干并将含有氧化剂如氯酸钠 or a reducing agent such as sodium sulphoxylate formaldehyde and steaming.
染整专业英语课堂练习.doc
What is fibreFibres are the foundation of textile industry. All textiles are made of fibres. All of the production flows and formulae in textiles wet proceccing stages including pre-treatment, dyeing, printing and final finishing are designed and conducted on the basis of the properties of the fibres from which the textiles are made. So it is necessary for us to review the fibre's definition and properties before we discuss the wet treatment of textiles.What is a fibre? Fibre is the smallest visible unit of matter that has a high length to diameter ratio, fineness and flexibility.The above definition for textile fibres is very broad. So many things are demanded of fibres in many different uses. However, some characteristics can be identified which all textile fibres must have if they are to be commercially successful: a high length to diameter ratio, strength, extensibility and elasticity, resistance to chemicals, heat and sunlight, and ability to take colour.Fibers are usually grouped in order to research or discuss or apply them conventiently. Most of fibres are polymer. Besed on their chemical composition, fibres can be classified into many groups such as cellulosic fibre, protein fibre, viscose fibre, polyamide fibre, polyester fibre and polycrylic fibre, etc.. But the most convenient grouping divides them into two basic groups accouding to their origins: i.e. natural and man-made fibres. Natural fibres refer to all fibers that occur in fibre form in nature, including cotton ,linen, wool, silk, and so on, which have been known and used for thousands of years. As natural fibres cannot meet the requirement of people, manypolymers that do not naturally exist in the form of fibre have been processed into the fibre form, usually by forcing the viscous polymers through a spinneret that consists of a series of tiny holes arranged in a circle, and used as fibres. These products are known as man-made fibres.The two basic groups can then be further subdivided. The natural fibres can be subdivided into the three types of cellulosic, protein and mineral fibres according to their origins. Man・made fibres are usually subdivided into four groups: regenerated, modified, synthetic and mineral fibres, according to their polymer origins.1.fibre [laibg]几纤维，纤维制品2.yam [jam] n.纱，纱线3.fabric [ 'febrik] n.织物，布，织品4.pre-treatment [ ^prii-ktriztmont] n.前处理5.dyeing [ 'daiiij] n.染色，染色工艺，染色工程6.printing [ 'printig ] n.印花，印花工艺7.finishing n.后整理，织物整理31.polymer [ r poUmo] n-聚合物32.cellulosic [ k selju1lausik] adj.纤维素的33.protein [^rautijn] n.蛋白质adj.蛋白质的34.viscose [ 1visk^us] n.粘胶液，粘胶纤维35.polyamide [ poli'aemaid ] n.聚酰胺36.polyester [ 'poliesta] n.聚酯37.polyciylic [Rlikaiklik] n.聚丙烯酸化合物，膳纶38.cotton [ 'kotn] n.棉，棉花，棉线39・Unen flinin] n.亚麻，亚麻纺织品adj.亚麻的，亚麻布的44.regenerate [rfgegit] vt.使新生vi.新生，再生adj.新生的，更新的45.modified ['modifaid] adj.改性的，改良的,改进的46.synthetic [ sin'Oetik] adj.合成的，人造的2 Natural fibresFiber is the basic unit of fabric .The textile fibers many be divided into two major groups, namely, (a)natural fibers and(b) mam made fibers.The chief natural fibers now in use are cotton, linen, wool and silk. They vary considerably as regards their properties and their production.CottonCotton is the most important and widely used vegetable fiber. It is obtained from the cotton plant which grows in warm moist climates and in most parts of the world. In 1980 the leading producing countries are America, Russia ,China, India and Pakistan. Cotton fibers are composed largely of cellulose. Besides cellulose , raw cotton contains a number of other substances, notably waxes, pectic products and mineral substances. These are quite small in amount, say, not more than 4 percent together. They are referred to as impurities by the manufacturer of cotton goods. Generally these are objectionable effects and would make it difficult to colour and finish cotton fabrics satisfactorily, so it is always a first step in the art of dyeing and finishing to purify the cotton as completely as possible.It is used for apparel fabrics, for household or domestic goods, and for industrial applications. Its ability to accept color and finishes, combined with its comfort, make it a pleasant choice for the fashion-minded consumer. Cotton is also extensively used in blends with made fibers to achieve new combinations of properties that are not available in the fibers separately.Cotton has some disadvantages, too. It creases and wrinkles easily. It may be weakened by mildew and mold unless treated to resist them. It is readily attacked by acid reagents and substances, and it is slowly affected by sunlight,causing yellowingand fiber degradation.LinenAll vegetable fibers other than cotto—the only unicellular vegetable fiber—are multicellular. The best known and most abundantly used multicellular fiber is linen. There are several others such as jute, ramieLinen fibers resemble cotton in so far as they consist of cellulose but have a lower cellulose content. On an average the linen fibers contain only about 75 percent of pure cellulose, the remaining matter being a gummy pectic substance. The surface of each fiber is smooth and this helps to give linen materials their characteristic high luster. In many of its chemical properties linen closely resembles cotton. Thus, it is resistant to alkalies and is easily deteriorated by acids. Linen is mainly used in the manufacture of sail cloth, tent fabric, sewing threads, fishing lines, table-cloth and sheets.Lesson 3 Wool and silkWool is the animal fiber of outstanding importance. It is obtained by shearing the fibrous covering of sheep and is produced in almost all parts of the world. When wool is shorn from a living sheep it is called fleece or clip wool.Chemically wool consists of a complex protein , a substance which is composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur. It differs from cellulose in containing nitrogen and sulphur, and it is the presence of these two additional elements in the wool molecule which gives wool fibers properties profoundly different from those of the vegetable fibers. Wool fiber has a density of 1.32, which makes it slightly lighter than cotton. Wool and other hair fibers have an elastic recovery of 99% from 2% and 60% from 35% extension, respectively. This makes the wool fibers highly resilient. In other words, wool fibers have a tendency to return completely to their original shape after small deformations, which is a great importance.Wool has several disadvantages: it is very sensitive to alkaline substances; it is readily attacked by moths unless treated to resist them; it is difficult to bleach; and it felts easily.SilkSilk is the material extruded from glands in the body of the silkworm in spinning its cocoon or web. It is the only natural fiber that occurs in the form of a line continuous filament.Silk is warm and pleasant to the touch and is generally considered comfortable to wear. It is readily dyeable with a variety of dyes and has an affinity for metallic salts.Silk is essentially used in luxury goods. It has been able to withstand competitionfrom synthetic fibers in many high-quality textile applications because of its excellent dyeing characteristics, high moisture and light absorbency, and heat-preserving properly.Lesson four Man-Made FibersNatural fibers are already in fiber form as harvested and are ready for the start of yarn spinning operations. However, man-made fibers start out as plastic that first be converted into fiber form. Most man-made fibers are formed by forcing a viscous chemical substance through a spinneret which consists of a series of tiny holes arranged in a circle. The streams emerging from the holes are then hardened or solidified to form filaments. The process of extrusion and hardening is called spinning, not to be confused with the yarn forming operation of the same name.The man-made fibers are divided into two broad categories:(a)regenerated fibers and (b)synthetic fibers. The regenerated fibers are those in which the fiber-forming material is of natural origin; In second class of fibers is made by the chemical synthesis of simple polymer-forming materials.Regenerated FibersThe regenerated cellulosic fibers include viscose, Cuprammonium,and acetate rayons. These three forms of rayon together constitute the bulk of world production having a natural polymer(cellulose)base as raw material. Of these, viscose rayon is comparatively easier to produce and considered as the chief rayon of the group Viscose Rayon Viscose rayon has many properties in common with cotton. But it is necessary to point out at least two important differences which are important from the viewpoint of textile finishing. Viscose rayon fibers consist of cellulose somewhat looser or more opened-up than that of cotton. Viscose rayon absorbs water more freely and is more receptive towards dyes. In bleaching and other treatments whereovertreatment can result in fiber damage, viscose rayon becomes degraded more rapidly than does cotton. The second difference between viscose rayon and cotton fibers is that the viscose rayon fibers are so much smoother. This not only contributes to their luster but it reduces the adhesion which is desired in yams and fabrics to give stability of shape and size.Synthetic fibersThe first synthetic fibre is nylon(one of polyamide fibres) that was commercially produced in United State in 1939・ The main kinds of the synthetic fibres include: polyamide, polyester and polycrylic fibres,which are used in textile industry widely.1 polyamide fibresNylon filaments are smooth and shiny. When viewed in cross-section, nylon is usually perfectly round・It is highly resistant to alkalis and relatively less resistant to acid・ Nylon is very strong, quite-drying fibre with high wet strength and has excellent elasticity. Nylon has a lower specific gravity than other fibres. These properties make them very suitable for stockings, parachute fabrics, shirts, underwear, carpet and reinforcement of rubber in tyres and belts・ Nylon blends well with other fibres and adds strength to such blends. Nylon has low absorbency, which makes it quick drying・ In recent years many modified nylon fibres have been developed and produced to meet some particular requirements.Pre-treatment Processes of TextilesLesson5Before the pretreatment of fabric with chemical solutions, it is necessary to prepare the fabric・ The preparation processes of fabric for the wet treatment include examining of gray goods, cloth turning(in batches, in boxes),stamping or marking, sewing，singeing, etc. These preparation processes are respectively described as follows.1・ Examining for gray goodsEach piece of gray goods on entering the finishing works is examined in the gray room for fault weaving, dirt, damages and other defects.2・ Cloth turningThe trait of production of dyeing and finishing plant is of large batch and multi-items of products processing・To manage conveniently and avoid confusion, the same specification，s gray goods that is often processed in the same techniques is classified as one kind ,and in batches and in boxes・3.Marking /stampingAfter examining being passing, two ends of each box of gray goods must be stamped or marked with distinctive letter and number so that one can distinguish and manage them and not confuse the technique with different kinds of gray goods・4.SewingMost of processing in dyeing and finishing plant is continuous. The length of the gray cloth from the loom is commonly 30-120m or so, therefore is suitablenumber of pieces are then sewn end to end so as to make a continuous length・5・ SingeingBefore a cloth can either dyed, printed, or conditioned with special finished, it must go through a series of preliminary treatments・ Singeing is the operation of preparations before wet chemical processes, or the first one of the preparatory processes necessary for dyeing or printing・DesizingMost textile materials and fabrics require pretreatments before they can be dyed and finished・ The preparatory treatments depend on the type of fibre in the material and particular dyeing and finishing treatments that are to be done. Preparatory treatments can be done on material from fibre to yarn, fabric, or garments・Most often the preparatory treatment are done on the material in fabric form・Fabric which have been prepared for dying and finishing must have sufficient absorbency and whiteness・If singeing can be considered as the last operation of preparations before chemical processes, desizing is the first one of preparatory processes necessary for dyeing and printing・Sizing materials are applied to yarns, particularly warpyarn, before they are woven into cloth. These form a protective coating over the yarns and keep them from chafing or breaking during weaving・ It is usually not necessary to apply sizing for yarns that used in knitting.Lesson 6 ScouringAll gray goods must be cleaned and made ready the acceptance of the finish. Gray goods contains a warp sizing, which makes the fabric stiff can interferes with the absorption of liquids. The fabric must be desized before further finishing can be done. Also, fabrics are often soiled during weaving and must be cleaned for that reason. Warp sizing, dirt, oil spots and natural impurities have always been removed by a washing process…degumming of silk, kier boiling of cotton, and scouring of wool.Scouring is a cleaning process used to remove impurities on fibres, yarns and cloth. It is the easiest to perform at the cloth stage. Concretely, souring is an operation in which the quantity of protein, pectin, ash, and wax in the fibre in the fibre is reduced to an amount which will not seriously interfere with subsequent dyeing; it is necessary step before bleaching and of itself renders the fabric considerably whiter. The specific scouring procedures, chemicals, temperature and time vary with the type of fibre, yarn and cloth construction. Impurities such as lubricants, dirt and other natural materials ,water-soluble sizes, antistatic agents are removed in scouring.Scouring is accomplished primarily by means of hot alkaline solutions. The severity of the treatment depends upon the quality of fabric being processed, the processing equipment, and the nature of the end product. In the scouring process the natural impurities are either soluble in the hot alkali or rendered removable bydecomposition saponification or emulsification.There are two types of scouring: kiering and continuous steaming. The latter is at present used more extensively.Kiering is carried out by means of a kier. The kier is a steel or iron boiler capable of holding 3-5 ton of cloth. The goods are run into the kier in a moist condition ane evenly packed. When kier is filled , the lid is then closed down ,the prepared scouring liquor run in and the heating started.Steaming is a key technique constituting an important part of a continuous system of scouring and bleaching. It consists mainly of three processes: steeping and pressing of the caustic soda solution , steaming , washing .The effectiveness of the scour may be assessed by determination of residual wax content, absorbency and weight loss.Cotton contains natural impurities which must be removed in scouring and bleaching.A special scouring process used to the natural gum, sericin, from silk, is called degumming. The silk is washed in hot soapy water, usually under alkaline conditions.After being scoured, the fabric is ready for next operation -bleaching.Lesson 7 BleachingCellulose and most other fibre-forming polymers are white in their natural state, However, impurities in fibres may absorb light causing the fibres to have a creamy, yellowish, or dull appearance. Cotton fibres usually require bleaching unless the material will be dyed very dark or dull shades. Synthetic fibres are often very white as supplied by the fibre producer but may require bleaching in some case. The goal of bleaching in the manufacturing process is to decolorize the impurities which mask the natural whiteness of fibres so as to obtain white cloth or to prepare the cloth for further finishing processes such as dyeing or printing and increase the ability of thefabric to absorb dyestuffs uniformly.Bleaching follows scouring in the continuous scouring and bleaching system. The essential feature of the scouring is that it has removed most of the impurities, and those that are left, including the natural coloring matters, can only be destroyed by a bleaching treatment which follows. Bleaching is therefore a final treatment to complete the purification, which at the same time ensure the production of a good white color Bleaching is a chemical processes used to eliminate unwanted coloring matter from fibres, yam or cloth. Bleaching is carried out in the yarn as well as cloth stage of manufacturing. Finished products are bleached by the consumer to maintain the whiteness or brightness of items during use and care.Several different kinds of chemicals are used in bleaching agents, the particular one selected depends on the type of fibre present in the yarn, cloth or finished product. Common bleaching agents are dydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite and sodium perborate. In manufacturing processes, bleaching may be carriedout in a continuous or batch process. The choice of the particular process used is generally based on cost consideration. Hydrogen peroxide is the most widely used commercial bleaching agent.Fabrics may be bleached in rope or open-width form. In rope bleaching the fabric is pulled together to form somewhat circular mass, which is loose enough for penetration and resembles a large rope; in open-width form the fabric is flat and smooth under tension.Generally , several steps are involved in the bleaching process:(1)the cloth is saturated with the bleaching agent;(2)the temperature is raised to that recommended for the particular fibre or blendand held for the time needed to complete the bleaching action.(3)the cloth is thoroughly washed and dried. The bleaching agent temperatureand time must be carefully controlled to avoid damage to the fibre ,or severelosses in strength may occur.The bleached cloth is also called as semi-finished goods and ready for dyeding and printing.Lesson 8 MercerizingThe process of treating cotton with a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide is called mercerization. Mercerizing is a chemical finish applied to cellulosic fibre, especially cotton.Treatment of cotton with alkali has many beneficial effects including: added luster to fabrics (if done under tension) and softness, increased strength, improved affinity for dyes and dyeability of immature fibres and got high water sorption.The mercerization process causes the cotton fibres to swell laterally and shrinklongitudinally. And the natural twist of cotton fibre is largely removed. This produces a round cross section which reflects light to give the improvement in luster .Increased strength is an important value from mercerization.Mercerization may be done either before or after the fabric is scoured and bleached. If done on greige goods, the concentration of the caustic soda formation is relatively easy to control. When mercerization is done on wet fabric ,dilution of the caustic soda formulation by water in the entering fabric can make control of concentration difficult. The water content of wet fabric entering the mercerization process must be uniform to prevent nonuniform pickup of the caustic soda solution by the fabric.Mercerization of fabric is usually done in a continuous process. Fabric mercerization is done on a frame that contains mangles for saturating the cloth, a tenter frame for tensioning the fabric both crosswise and lengthwise while wet, and boxes for washing, neutralizing with dilute sulfuric acid, scouring and rinsing.The changes that occur in cotton upon mercerization depend on the concentration of caustic soda used, temperature of treatment , and whether or not the material is under tension during treatment. In the mercerizing process, yarn or cloth is treated under tension at room temperature with a sodium hydroxide solution that may vary in strength from 15 to 30 percent. The concentration of sodium hydroxide and the length of treatment vary depending on the particular properties to be achieved and whether it is yarn or cloth that is being processed. All properties are not improved equally at one level of caustic treatment .Full mercerization of cotton is usually donewith 20%-25% caustic soda solution. If improved luster is the goal, the sodium hydroxide concentration is kept at a high level. If improved luster is the goal, the sodium hydroxide concentration is kept at a high level. Some of the benefits of mercerization, for example, improvement of moisture adsorption, especially improvement in dyeability of immature fibre, are obtained with lower concentration of caustic soda."'Mercerized cotton^^ on a label is associated with luster. Cotton is mercerized for luster in both yam and fabric forms. Yarn mercerization is also a continuous process in which the yarn under tension passes from a yam beam through a series of boxes with guide rolls and squeeze rolls, through a boil -out wash, and a final wash.Lesson 9 Dyeing of textilesColour can pleasure us . The pleasure derived from imparting colour to clothing has existed since the time the earliest civilization. A world of fashion without colour is impossible to imagine. Textiles are coloured also for functional reasons, such as military camouflage and fluorescent jackets for road repair workers. Life would be more hazardous and certainly dull if textiles were only used in their natural colors.Textile's colour is normolly obtained by applying a colorant to the textile substrate. There are two ways of adding colour to a textile substrate: i.e. dyeing and printing. Printing adds colour to the substrate locally; whereas dyeing completely covers the substrate with colour ,and usually with the intension of obtaining an even colour distribution throughout the substrate. Colorants used for dyeing can be classified as dyes or pigments. Dyes are water soluble and have substantivity(affinity)for fibresand can be absorbed into the fibres. Pigments are not water soluble and posses no specific attraction for any particular fibre type. Pigments usually adhere to the surface of the fibre. Dyes are used far more widely and frequently than pigments in the textile dyeing process.In order to meet the aesthetic and application requirements of consumers, the quality of dyed textiles must be considered. This quality is usually assessed through the measurement of the colour's hue, depth, brightness, uniformity, fastness, and other quality properties. Colour fastness is defined as the ability of the shade to withstand external agencies without loss or change in colour. Such external agencies would include washing, drying cleaning, rubbing, perspiration, heat and light. Color fastness is influenced by the factors including dye, fibre, dyeing process and dyeing depth. The tests for colour measurement are proposed and standardized by national or international organizations.Dyeing of textile is achieved by transferring bye molecules from a medium(usually water) in which the dye is dissolved or dispersed onto the textile fibres. The dyeing can be undertaken either as a batch (or exhaustion) process or a continuous technique.Dyeing can be carried out on the textile when it is in a number of different physical form, including loose stock, tow, tops, yarn, piece and garment. These textiles are dyed using the batch or continuous dyeing method, or by the use of a combination of themDyes are also grouped by their application method. Based their applicationmethods, dyes are essentially divided into twelve types, which are acid ,azoic, basic, direct, disperse, mordant, natural, pigment,reactive, solvent, sulphur and vat dyes.Lesson 10 Introduction to printingThe objective of printing is to produce coloured designs on textile. These designs are of well defined boundaries made by the artistic arrangement of motif or motifs in one or more colors. In other words, dyes or pigments must be applied in predetermined pattern to the textile substrate. So printing can define as the laocalized application of dye or pigment to a textile substrate to generate a design. The application of a design to fabric by the use of dyes, or pigments may be effected by many methods; but printing is the most convenient, Frer-hand painting of designs on fabrics is the oldest technique for applying ornament, but hand painting is a time-consuming procedure. Furthermore, it does not always result in a uniform repeat of a motif that is used more than once. However, in printing it is easy to repeat the design and the fabric with the design can be produced in a large amount .For example, if we use block-printing technique to apply a design on a fabric, we only need to transfer the design to a wood or metal flat surface that can be coated with a dye or pigment and then stamped onto the fabric. The same design can be repeated many times simply by pressing the decorated surface against the fabric.The dyes used in printing are the same as that in dyeing, such as reactive and insoluble azoic dyes for cellulosic fibre and disperse dyes for polyester, and the forces by which the dyes are linked with the fibre are the same in dyeing and printing. But between dyeing and printing there are still some differences. The basic operations of printing include: dye is firstly dissolved and pasted with a small quantity of water and a suitable thickening agent; then applied to fabric and dried immediately; and then fixed on the fabric by steaming or heating, finally soaped and washed with water.Over many centuries, a variety of techniques for printing designs have evolved, such as block printing, mordant printing, resist printing, screen printing, roller printing, transfer printing, photographic printing, etc. Printing can be applied to warp yarns, fabrics, or apparel pieces. Most textiles are printed in the fabric form. Printed patterns may vary from simple geometric designs in a single colour to very complex designs in up to 20 or more colours. These printing techniques can be briefly reviewed from two aspects: printing mothed and printing style/The printing methods used most frequently by today's printers are engraved roller printing, screen printing and transfer printing, which are classified on the basis of the types of printing machines.Lesson 11 Introduction to finishingTextile finishing, which is also called final finishing, covers an extremely wide range of activities which are performed on the bleached, dyed and printed textiles before they are put on the market. The general aim of the textile finishing is to perfect the textile goods and render them fit for their end uses. Textile finishing gives many advantages to textiles that are intended to accomplish different purpose. For example, a fabric may be bleached to enhance whiteness and then given a durable press finish to make it resist wrinkling. Few fabrics are manufactured that do not undergo some type of finish. The function of the textile finishing may be divided into the following types.To standardize textile goods. Textiles such as fabrics sold on market should have standard width ,standard shrinkage, etc. to fit for their end uses. These standard properties are achieved by stentering, stentering of weft, sanforizing and other finishing processes.To improve the handle and appearance of the fabrics, which are achieved by stiffening , softening, calendaring, or raising, etc.To impart new functional properties to the fabric ,such as durable press finish, fire retardant finish, soil release finish, etc.Hence, finishing is essential for a textile good before it is put on the market.According to the degree of the finishing effects in fabric remaining during subsequent washing and usage the finishing techniques may fall into three types: Temporary finish. The finishing effects are not stable and disappear during subsequent washing and usagePermanent finish. If the finishing effects on the fabric do not disappear and。
染整英语3 dyeing概要
Organic compounds 有机合成物
• • • • • Auxochrome group 助色团 1. attached to the chromophore 依附于发色团 2. intensify and deepen the color 增强加深颜色
Organic compounds 有机合成物
通过轧压促使染料渗透到织物纤维内部并除去多余染液
• Step 3: pass it into a fixation chamber where dye fixation takes place within just a few minutes
进入固色蒸箱，在几分钟内完成固色
What are the difference between batching dyeing process and continuous dyeing process??
通过分子间力或化学键固着在纤维上
Batch dyeing process 间歇式染色
The dye in the liquor 溶液内染料
The dye in the fibre 纤维中染料
Continuous dyeing 连续式染色
• Step 1: impregnate the prepared fabric with a suitable amount of dye liquor
Textile’s color
获得
Textile’s color is normally obtained by applying a colorant to the textile substrate.
着色剂 基底
1. Dyeing 染色 2. Printing 印花
染整相关术语中英文对照
染整相关术语中英文对照助剂类softening and antistatic agents柔软及抗静电剂water and oil-repellent agents防水防油整理剂insect-resist agents防虫剂thickeners增稠剂crosslinking agents交联剂emulsifiers乳化剂染料类direct dyestuffs直接染料reactive dyeings活性染料disperse dyestuffs分散染料设备类quickwash shrinkage tester快速洗水缩水试验机washing fastness tester水洗牢度机martindate aorasion tester耐磨损测试机standard light both标准光源箱universal strength tester万能强力测试机light fastness tester日晒牢度仪non-standard equipments非标设备ironing machine烫平机series three-legged centrifuger三足式系列离心机displacement heat exchanger容积式换热器reactor反应锅hank drier绞纱烘燥机bulk-fibre drier散毛烘燥机liquid-flow hank dyeing machine液流式绞纱染色机normal temperature oscillating dyeing machine常温振荡试样机sparging（jet)dyeing machine喷射式染色机high-temperature/high-pressure dyeing machine高温高压染色机program-controlled dyeing machine程控染色机high temperature overflow dyeing machine高温溢流染色机high temperature and high pressure yarn dyeing machine高温高压染纱机atmospheric overflow dyeing machine常温溢流染色机high temperature sample dyeing machine高温样品染色机stainless steal drying tumbler不锈钢烘筒烘燥机rope impregnating mangle绳状浸染机整理类resin finishing树脂starch finishing上浆现象类slightly reddish cast轻泛红现象electrolyte电解后整理摩擦轧光整理：friction finish轧光整理：calender finish起绒整理：fleece finish阻燃整理：flame retardant finish柔软整理：mellow finish落针，停经片：drop wireSCY：(single covered yarn)单包覆纱以一条硬纱缠绕于弹性纱外层。
染整专业英语词汇选ranzheng
染整专业英语词汇选原料方面涤纶：ployester锦纶：nylon/polyamide醋酸：acetate棉；cotton人棉：rayon真丝：silk人丝：viscose长丝：filament短纤：spun黑丝：black yarn阳离子：cation氨纶：spandex/elastic/strec/lycra纱线 Yarns棉纱 Cotton Yarns涤棉纱 T/C & CVC Yarns粘棉纱 Cotton/Rayon Yarns棉晴纱 Cotton/Acrylic Yarns棉/氨纶包芯纱 Cotton/Spandex Yarns棉与其他混纺纱 Cotton/Others Blended Yarns毛纺系列纱线 Woollen Yarn Series羊绒纱 Cashmere Yarn Series全羊毛纱 Wool (100%) Yarns毛晴纱 Wool/Acrylic Yarns毛涤纱 Wool/Polyester Yarns毛粘纱 Wool/Viscose Yarns麻棉混纺布：linen/cotton blended fabric 粒粒绒布：pellet fleece velvet 麻棉交织布：linen/cotton mixed fabric 素色毛巾布：solid terry素色卫衣布：solid fleece彩条汗布color-stripes single jersey鱼网布：fleece里料：lining面料：fabric平纹：taffeta缎面：satin / charmeuse斜纹：twill绡：lustrine提花jacquard烂花：burnt-out格子：check条子：stripe双层：double – layer双色：two – tone花瑶：faille雪纺：chiffon高士宝：koshibo乔其：georgette塔丝隆：taslon弹力布：spandex/elastic/strec/lycra 牛仔布：jeanet牛津布：oxford帆布：cambric黑条纺：black stripe水洗绒/桃皮绒：peach skin卡丹绒：peach twill绉绒：peach moss玻璃纱：organdy染料方面碱性染料：basic dyes酸性染料：acid dyes活性染料：reactive dyes分散染料：disperse dyes阳离子染料：cation dyes还原染料：vat dyes直接染料：direct dyes硫化染料：sulphur dyes非偶氮染料：azo free dyes助剂、工艺及设备singe v. 烧毛singeing n. 烧毛desize v.退浆desizing n. 退浆gray goods 坯布，本色布works n.工厂examine v.检查piece n.一匹，一片gas singeing 气体烧毛scour v.煮练，净化bleach v.漂白degumming n.脱胶kier n.煮布锅pad v.轧染，浸轧subject v.使受到……alkali n.碱impurity n.杂质calcium n.钙impregnate v.浸透，浸轧impregation n. 浸透，浸轧pile v.堆放liquor n.液squeezer n.轧车cylinder n.圆筒，烘筒，滚筒mercerize v. 丝光处理；碱化处理calico n.印花棉布，（英）平纹布filter v. 过滤n.过滤器，过滤用物质shrink v.缩小，收缩lustrous n.有光泽的heat setting热定型majority n.大多数，大半woven adj.纺织的，织成的knit v.针织，编织preparatory adj.准备的，初步的release v.释放，放松strain n.张力，变形creasing n.折皱，皱纹bond n.键，接合，链合restraint n.约束，抑制orientation n.取向，定方位crystallinity n.结晶度（性）modify v.改变，改进，修饰hydrosetting n.湿（热）定型染色：dyeing,direct printing 直接印花transfer printing 转移印花thicken v.使变稠（厚，浓）roller printing滚筒印花screen printing筛网印花block printing模版印花carrier n.染色载体，运载工具engrave v.雕刻stenciling n.刻花版，刻版印花plate screen printing平网印花rotary screen printing圆网印花涂层：covering,coating，复合：compound,composite,印花：printing,贴合：laminate,磨毛：sanding,压光：cire, calender,wash out colors（拔染）discharge print（拔染印花）softening and antistatic agents 柔软及抗静电剂water and oil-repellent agents 防水防油整理剂insect-resist agents 防虫剂thickeners 增稠剂crosslinking agents 交联剂emulsifiers 乳化剂氯漂白 chlorine bleach spotting非氯漂白 non-chlorine bleach漂白 bleaching热（干态） dry heat热压 hot pressing印花牢度 print durability摩擦轧光整理：friction finish轧光整理：calender finish起绒整理：fleece finish阻燃整理：flame retardant finish柔软整理：mellow finish喷墨印花：busy print扎染：tie dye段染：space dye颜料染色：pigment dyequickwash shrinkage tester 快速洗水缩水试验机washing fastness tester 水洗牢度机martindate aorasion tester 耐磨损测试机universal strength tester 万能强力测试机light fastness tester 日晒牢度仪hank drier 绞纱烘燥机liquid-flow hank dyeing machine 液流式绞纱染色机normal temperature oscillating dyeing machine 常温振荡试样机sparging（jet）dyeing machine 喷射式染色机high temperature overflow dyeing machine 高温溢流染色机high temperature and high pressure yarn dyeing machine 高温高压染纱机atmospheric overflow dyeing machine 常温溢流染色机rope impregnating mangle 绳状浸染机resin finishing 树脂整理starch finishing 上浆颜色方面红色red朱红vermeil; vermilion; ponceau粉红pink; soft red; rose bloom玫瑰红rose madder; rose桃红peach blossom; peach;橙色orange黄色yellow桔黄orange; crocus; gamboge;深桔黄,深橙deep orange 米黄apricot cream cream中黄midium yellow嫩黄yellow cream绿色green橄榄绿olive green olive水草绿water grass green深草绿jungle green灰湖绿agate green水晶绿crystal green中绿medium green; golf green浅绿light green淡绿pale green蓝色blue天蓝sky blue; azure celeste;蔚蓝azure; sky blue海洋蓝ocean blue紫色purple; violet紫罗兰色violet葡萄紫grape茄皮紫aubergine; wineberry玫瑰紫rose violet黑色black土黑earth black煤黑coal black橄榄黑olive black棕黑sepia; brown black白色white象牙白ivory white; ivory珍珠白pear white gray lily玉石白jade white灰色grey; gray银灰silver grey;chinchilla; gray mom 铁灰iron grey铅灰lividity; leaden grey碳灰charcoal grey驼灰doe豆灰rose dust棕色,褐色brown红棕umber;chili金棕auburn铁锈棕rustic brown桔棕orange brown橄榄棕olive brown棕褐summer tan茶褐auburn umber黑褐black brown咖啡色coffee紫酱色marron茶色umber;dun;dark brown琥珀色amber;succinite栗色chestnut;sorrel;marron金色gold古金色old gold银色silver;argent铅色lividity锌色zinc铁锈色rust青古铜色bronze;bronzy黑古铜色dark bronze紫铜色purple bronze黄铜色brassiness驼色camel;light tan米色beige; buff;cream;gray sand卡其色khaki奶油色cream豆沙色cameo肉色flesh , carnation;incarnadine; yellowish pink水晶色crystal荧光色iridescent产品检验及标准方面质量标准：quality standard拉伸强度：tensile strength客检：customer inspection台板检验：table inspection经向检验：lamp inspection皂洗色牢度washing color fastness色牢度color fastness摩擦色牢度：rubbing / cricking color fastness 光照色牢度：light color fastness汗渍色牢度：perspiration color fastness水渍色牢度：water color fastness尺寸稳定性：dimensional stability外观持久性：appearance retention撕破强度：tear strength接缝滑裂：seam slippage抗起毛起球性：pilling resistance耐磨性：abrasion resistance拒水性：water repellency抗水性：water resistance织物密度：thread per inch/stich density纱支：yarn count克重：weight氯漂白色牢度：chlorine bleach color fastness 纤维成分 fibre composition染料识别 dyestuff identification靛蓝染料纯度 purity of indigo含水率 moisture content可萃取物质 extractable matter填充料和杂质量 filling and foreign matter content 淀粉含量 starch content甲醛含量 formaldehyde content甲醛树脂 presence of formaldehyde resin棉丝光度 mercerisation in cottonPH值 PH value环保专业英语竞赛复习题Ⅰ.Words.aerosols 气溶胶/ 气雾剂agricultural wastes 农业废物commercial noise 商业噪音composite pollution 混合污染dioxins 二恶英hazardous substances 危险物质hazardous wastes 危险废物heavy metals 重金属hospital wastes 医院废物industrial effluents 工业废水industrial emissions 工业排放物industrial fumes 工业烟尘industrial noise 工业噪声inorganic pollutants 无机污染物lead contamination 铅污染liquid wastes 液体废物litter 丢弃物/ 废气物mercury contamination 汞污染micropollutants 微污染物mining wastes 采矿废物motor vehicle emissions 机动车辆排放物municipal waste 城市废物nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物noise pollution 噪声污染odour nuisance 恶臭公害organic pollutants 有机物污染pharmaceutical wastes 医药废物plastic wastes 塑料废物radioactive substances 放射性物质rubber waste 橡胶废物sewage 污水solid wastes 固体废物thermal pollution 热污染toxic substances 有毒物质toxic waste 有毒废物toxins 毒素traffic noise 交通噪音trash 废物/ 垃圾wood waste 木材废料biological weapons 生物武器cement industry 水泥工业chemical weapons 化学武器chimneys 烟囱motor vehicles 机动车辆motorcycles 摩托车nuclear weapons 核武器ocean dumping 海洋倾倒oil spills 石油泄漏scrap metals 废金属excavation heaps 挖掘堆积acoustic insulation 隔音chemical decontamination 化学污染清除desulphurization of fuels 燃料脱硫filters 过滤器noise abatement 噪音治理pollution abatement equipment污染治理设备pollution control technology 污染控制技术radiation protection 辐射防护scrubbers 洗涤器separators 分离器smoke prevention 防烟waste minimization 废物最少化battery disposal 电池处理chemical treatment of waste 废物的化学处理disposal sites 处置场所incineration of waste 废物焚烧mine filling 矿山回填oil residue recuperation 残油回收recycled materials 回收的材料recycling 回收reuse of materials 材料再利用sanitary landfills 卫生填埋sea outfall 海洋排泄口septic tanks 化粪池sewage disposal 污水处置sewage treatment systems 污水处理系统solid waste disposal 固体废物处置waste assimilation capacities 废物同化处置waste conversion techniques 废物转化技术waste disposal 废物处置waste disposal in the ground 废物土地处置waste recovery 废物回收waste use 废物利用water reuse 水的再利用Environmental problemsWater pollution 水污染Air pollution 空气污染Global warming 温室效应Water quality 水质Wastewater 废水Environmental Monitoring 环境监测Pesticides 农药Fossil Fuel 化石燃料Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Surface runoff 地表径流Eutrophic 富营养化BOD 生化需氧量TOC 总有机碳Ecosystem 生态系统Metabolic activities 新陈代谢COD 化学需氧量Microorganism 微生物persistent organic pollutants难降解有机污染物Population explosion 人口膨胀radioactive waste management放射性废物管理Ⅱ. Multiple choice: For each of the questions below there is one correct (or most appropriate) answer. X-out the letter identifying your choice of answer for each question on your exam-paper.1. Soil science include two main divisions, the one which studies soils as the habitat for plants and other organisms is calleda)Edaphology b) pedology, c) soil science, d) geology2.Of the following weathering processes, the one belonging to physical weathering isa) hydrolysis b) carbonation c) hydrationd) abrasion caused by bombardment of minerals by materials suspended in wind3.Soil porosity is a measure of pore space. It is usually inversely correlated witha)bulk density, b) particle density, c) texture, d) soil separates4.The quantity of water that a soil can release to plant is calleda)field capacity, b) permanent wilting point, c) available water capacity,d) plant available water5.Of the following fertilizers and soil amendment, the one which is most soluble isa)CaHPO4b) CaSO4.2H2O c) KCl d) CaCO3.6.Of the following fertilizers and soil amendment, the one which is least soluble isa)Ca(H2PO4)2, b) CaSO4• 2H2O, c) KCl d) NH4NO3.7. A gardener uses a wheat straw-mulch between rows of cool-season vegetables (carrots, beets,radishes, etc.) which are successfully grown in the spring. In early summer, the mulch and plant residue is incorporated by cultivation before planting warm season plants (melons, squash, etc.). No fertilizer has been added for several years as the gardener practices ―organic‖ gardening. The warm season plants show a chlorosis of the older leaves during rapid plant development. You suspect the cause to bea)microbial immobilization of N that would otherwise be available to the garden plants.b)microbial mineralization of N that would otherwise be available to the garden plants.c)microbial nitrification of N that would otherwise be available to the garden plants.d)potassium deficiency.8. A nitrogen transformation process responsible for causing at least a temporary decrease inammonium-N, increase in nitrate-N, and decrease in pH isa)mineralization. b) nitrification. c) denitrification. d) immobilization.9. A nitrogen transformation process responsible for causing at least a temporary increase inammonium-N isa)mineralization. b) nitrification. c) denitrification. d) immobilization.10. A nitrogen transformation process responsible for causing a decrease in nitrate-N underanaerobic conditions isa)mineralization. b) nitrification. c) denitrification. d) immobilization.11.When ammonia reacts with water, the result isa)increased nitrate and decreased pH. b）decreased nitrate and increased pH.c)increased ammonium and decreased pH. d) increased ammonium andincreased pH.12.Available soil nitrogen may be lost as ammonia volatilization when nitrogen is present in theammonium form anda)the soil is limed and then becomes hot and dry.b)b) the soil is limed and then becomes waterlogged.c)the ammonification process is reversed as a result of incorporating a fresh supply ofeasily decayed crop residue.d)denitrification takes place rapidly.13.The nitrogen fertilizer material that has the highest likelihood of being lost to the atmosphereas a result of surface soil reactions isa)ammonium nitrate b) urea c) ammonium sulfate d)diammoniumphosphate.14.The form of calcium absorbed by plants isa)Ca-b) Ca=c) Ca+d) Ca++15. A homeowner has a compost bin filled with oak leaves raked from their lawn last fall. Theleaves have been maintained moist and turned about twice a month, but very little composting has occurred. You expect the composting process could be speeded up bya)turning the pile more frequently to improve aeration. b) adding N fertilizer.c)adding P fertilizer d) adding K fertilizer.16.The immobility of P in soils is primarily a result of orthophosphatesa)reacting with Ca in acid soils and Fe and Al in neutral and basic soilsb)being immobilized in soil organic matterc)reacting with Fe and Al in acid soils and Ca in neutral and basic soilsd)reacting with K in acid soils and Ca in neutral and basic soils.17.The acronym ―CROPT‖ for five soil-forming factors meansa)climate, relief, organism, parent material and timeb)climate, tillage, organism, parent material and timec)climate, topography, organism, parent material and temperatured)climate, relief, organism, parent material and temperature18.The sodicity of irrigation water is evaluated by sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), the thresholdof SAR for an irrigation water is set ata) 5 b) 9 c) 11 d) 1819.Of the following cases, the least soil erosion occurs witha) continuous fallow, b) no-tillage c) typical row crop d) corn-soybean rotationyer silicate minerals are sometimes defined on the basis of the number of the octahedralpositions occupied by cations. Normally, in a trioctahedral mineral, the cation isa) Mg2+b) Al3+c) Si4+d) Mn2+III. Convert the following scientific terms into chemical symbols1) ammonium ion; 2) hydrochloric acid; 3) sulfuric acid; 4) tetravalent silicon cation; 5) ammonium nitrate; 6) gypsum; 7) calcite; 8) urea; 9) potassium chloride; 10) mono-ammonium phosphate.答案：1) NH4+, 2) HCl; 3) H2SO4; 4) Si4+; 5) NH4NO36) CaSO4.2H2O; 7) CaCO3; 8) (NH2)2CO; 9) KCl; 10) NH4H2PO4Ⅳ. Reading comprehention:AAre you doing all you can to recycle your rubbish? It only takes a minute to recycle and help reduce waste in your home as well as the costs of waste management. Here are some ideas to get you started.A Never throw away vegetable matter. Start a compost (混合肥料) bin in your garden. You'll be amazed how much this can reduce the bulk (体积) of your rubbish andit's great for the garden, too.B Don't throw used containers in the rubbish. Get into the habit of sorting them into recycling categories (class or group of things)—glass, aluminum (铝), plastics and paper.C Glass containers can be placed in the bottle banks at supermarket car parks throughout the city. Look for the big green bins. Or you can leave your bottles out for collection on Monday morning.D Aluminum cans can earn you cash so don't just throw them away—save them and save money. Ring your council to find out when they collect.E Paper is easily recycled. Weekly collections are common in most areas. Make sure you place recyclable paper in the black bins provided. Ask the council offices if you don't already have a bin. But remember, waxed paper is not accepted.F Most plastic bottles and containers can be recycled. Look on the bottom of the container for the identification (识别) code.65.The following four pictures are mentioned in .A. Item A,C,D,FB. Item A,B,D,FC. Item B,D,E,FD. Item B,C,D,E66. You can make money by saving .A. paperB. glass bottlesC. plastic bottlesD. aluminum cans67. Which of the following statements is true to the facts about waste management?A. All paper can be recycled.B. The recycling code is found on the side of plastic bottles.C. All plastic containers can't be recycled.D. You can put glass containers in the park.BAs a result of pollution, Lake Erie, on the borders of the U.S.A. and Canada, is now without many living things.Pollution in water is not simply a matter of ―poisons" killing large numbers of fish overnight. Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first organisms (生物体) to be affected are either plants or plankton (浮游生物). These organisms are the food of fish, birds, and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and birds die, too. In this way a whole food chain can be wiped out, and it is not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river's edge or on the sea shore that people realize what is happening.Where do the substances which pollute the water come from? There are two main sources, sewage (污水) and industrial waste. As more detergent (洗涤剂) is used in the homes, so more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas. Detergents harm water, birds, breaking down the natural substances which keep their feathers waterproof. Sewage itself, if not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful since there are many highly poisonous materials in it, such as copper and lead.So, if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple. Sewage and industrial waste must be made clean before flowing into the water reservoirs. It may already be too late to save some rivers and lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.68. Pollution in water is noticed .A. when the first organisms are affectedB. when a great many fish and birds dieC. when poisons are poured into waterD. as soon as the balance of nature is destroyed69. The living things die because there is no in the lake or river.A. oxygenB. poisonC. waterD. fish70. What is the meaning of ―waterproof", the underlined word in the third paragraph?A. Full of water.B. Covered with water.C. Not allowing water to go through.D. Cleaned by water.71.The way to stop water pollution is .A. to put oxygen into the riverB. to realize the serious situation clearlyC. to make special room in the sea for our wasteD. to make the waste material harmlessCPart AIn 2001 the United Kingdom was hit again by foot-and-mouth disease, the first time since the 1960s, causing a national crisis. However, much of the panic and confusionwas spread largely as a result of ignorance of the disease.Foot-and-mouth is a highly contagious (传染性的) disease found in Africa, South America, Asia, the Middle East and parts of Europe. It affects cloven-footed (偶蹄) domestic animals such as cows, pigs, sheep and goats, as well as wild animals like rats and deer and zoo animals such as elephants. Horses, however, cannot contract (感染) the disease.It is very rare for humans to catch the disease. Indeed, only one case has been recorded in Great Britain and that was in 1967.Part BFoot-and-mouth disease is insidious (潜伏的) and can be spread by direct or indirect contact with infected animal. The disease can be spread in the wind, and can also be spread by people, equipment or vehicles which have been in contact with the disease.Although the authorities do not really know where this latest outbreak of the disease originated, it can enter a country in frozen meat imported from other countries where the disease is common. Unlike Mad Cow Disease (BSE) and the human equivalent CJD, foot-and-mouth has no implications (牵连) for the human food chain. Any meat, milk,cheese, and other dairy products can be consumed quite safely.Part CIt seems that the only way to contain the disease is to kill infected animals. There is no curefor the disease, and although adult animals normally recover in 2~3 weeks, they sadly remain carriers of the virus (病毒) for up to two years.From the time the disease was first reported to the time the epidemic (流行) was officially declared over, one and a half million and more domestic animals were slaughtered and large areas of the countryside were closed to the public. These areas included parks, woods and forests, and various leisure attraction situated in the countryside.65. The main purpose of writing this text is ________.A. to warn people of the danger of the diseaseB. to describe the disaster caused by the diseaseC. to share some of the facts about the diseaseD. to declare the success in control of the disease66. Foot-and-mouth disease is insidious because it is spread ________.A. by farmers and farm vehiclesB. in so many different waysC. by being carried in the airD. mainly by people who have been in contact with infected animals67. How is foot-and-mouth different from Mad Cow Disease?A. It affects the human food chain.B. People cannot consume dairy products.C. It is found in frozen meat.D. Meat is still safe to eat.68. The underlined word ―they" in Part C refers to ________.A. diseasesB. infected animalsC. adult animalsD.2~3 weeksDBiological Invasion (入侵): Rabbits, an Australian Way of Life When introduced to Australia, rabbits proved a disaster. The story is from multiple sides—from how rabbits destroyed vast zones of grazing land (畜牧场), to what natives thought, to the 1930s Depression (大萧条) when rabbits kept hungry stomachs full.Rabbits, even with human help, took some six centuries to spread throughout Britain. They spread faster than any introduced mammal (哺乳动物) anywhere. They moved 10 to 15 kilometres a year through forests and up to 130 kilometres across open country.Rabbits ate seedlings until no plants remained left. Grazing animals starved. Pasture and soil disappeared. After 1880, many rabbit-control methods were tried but nothing worked.Rabbits reached central Australia in 1894. T. Tjupurrula tells how his father saw one of the first rabbits in Pintupi country, Northern Territory, in 1908:“That yumpita's had gone into a hole. Might be dangerous one. Look-out! : Nose, whiskers big one eyes, long one ears: Alright, he's not dangerous one, he's only eating grass.”Big landowners hated rabbits. Yet many small farmers and poorer Australians, both European and natives, needed them. For the price of a cheap rifle or a few steel traps, they had an endless supply of meat for their families and skins to sell for cash. Many a kid of the Depression years remembers creeping out into the forest to trap rabbits for breakfast. Just 30 years after rabbits were introduced, governments were offering a small fortune for a way of finishing them. Many methods of rabbit control failed. Instead, Australians learned to keep out further species that might run wild. From 1940 onwards, the Commonwealth (联邦) Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) experimented with chemical and biological methods of rabbit control. Fumigation (烟熏法) seemed promising, but under pressure from land-holders, CSIRO used myxomatosis (多发性粘液瘤). It spread rapidly, killing millions of rabbits.68. During the 1930s Depression, in Australia, rabbits _______.A. were food for hungry peopleB. ate up huge areas of grazing landC. were killed for funD. made grass-eating animals starve69. Rabbits moved ________.A. more slowly in open country than in woodsB. in woods as fist as in open countryC. much faster in open country than in woodsD. slowly in woods as well as in open country70. In the 1930s Depression years, Which is NOT mentioned?A. poorer Australians could afford to buy rifles to kill rabbitsB. wealthy Australians disliked rabbits deeplyC. most kids experienced rabbit-hunting for mealsD. the rich land-holder also sold rabbit skins for money71. Ever-growing rabbits ______.A. were an only supply of skins for the poor to change for cashB. were a disaster for humans to balance natureC. can only be controlled by chemical methodsD. didn't draw the Commonwealth government's attentionEThere is much discussion today about whether economic (经济的) growth is desirable. At an earlier period, our desire for material wealth may have proved proper. Now, however, this desire for more than we need is causing serious problems. Even though we have good intentions, we may be producing too much , too fast.Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is coming near to certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible bad effects of industry on the natural environment ,and the continuing increase in the world's population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and the quality of life will decrease.People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world. These proponents of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial(财政的) resources required to protect out natural surroundings from industrialization.This discussion over the desirability of continued economic growth is very important to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored(忽视). To find an answer, economists and the business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another.72. According to those who argue against economic growth we must slow down for the followingreasons EXCEPT that .A. our natural surroundings are in danger of being destroyed by industryB. the fixed supply of natural resources marks a point beyond which economic growth cannotcontinueC .the world population is ever increasingD. more effects should be made to improve the quality of our material life73. The passage is mainly about .A. the importance of the discussion on economic growthB. the advantages and disadvantages of economic growthC. the present discussion on economic growthD. the relationship between economic growth and environment74. We may infer from the context the underlined word“proponents”most probably means .A. arguments in support of somethingB. disagreementsC. people who argue for somethingD. people who argue against something75. We may infer from the passage that .A. the author describes the case as it isB. the author is for economic growthC. the author is against continued economic growthD. the author is very much worried about the problems caused by continued economic growthV.Write a short paragraph in Chinese to explain the following passage. Translation is unnecessary.AWater pollution Attention for water pollution exploded in the 1980s.The oil spill of the Exxon Valdez showed many around the world just how horrible the effects of water pollution could be. However, even the Exxon Valdez spill barely touched the surface of the problem of water pollution. The ship spilt only 5%of the oil split that year, and oil is just one of many pollutants that people dump into the water every year,14 billions pounds of sewage, sludge, and garbage are dumped into the world’s oceans,19 trillion gallons waste also enter the water annually.BThe problem of protecting the environment from pollution and contamination by various types of discharges is now in the focus of attention all over the world. Together with the development of industry and transportation, and also with the growth in the assortment of chemicals, there is a continuous increase in pollution. This is a global process which has two principal aspects—pollution of the atmosphere and pollution of the aquasphere. The problem created by the continuous, accelerated pollution of the atmosphere, especially in the environment of large cities and industrial centers is extremely acute. At present hundreds of millions of tons of divers substances which are a source of harm to the health of people, plant life, and useful micro-organisems are discharged to the atmosphere. The volume of these discharges to the atmosphere is continuously increasing together with industrial growth; in the last decade the volume has doubled and in a number of large industrial cities and centers the concentration of harmful impurities is already impermissibly high and the level is dangerous for health and plant life.CEnvironmental problems are always interrelated. Sometimes a solution to one problem actually creates another problem. For example, when people are sick and dying from disease, it is natural to want to improve human health. when health is improved and infant mortality is reduced, a population explosion may result. To feed this growing population, natural habitats are often destroyed by turning them into farmland. As natural habitats are destroyed, the wild plants, predators, parasites, outbreaks of insect pests become more common. Farmers use pesticides to control the pests and protect the corps, but in the process the environment becomes polluted. The development of this entire cycle in itself consumes fossil fuel supplies that are becoming scarce. In addition, when fuels are burned, air pollutants are generated.。
纺织类外贸常用英语
纺织类外贸常用英语纺织纤维：textile fiber天然纤维：natural fiber涤纶：polyester锦纶：nylon麻：flax纱线：yarn丙纶：polypropylene氨纶：polyurethane机织物：woven fabric针织物：knitted fabric非机织物：non-woven fabric黏合布：boned fabric植绒加工布：flocking processing fabric涂层织物：coated fabric线密度：linear density吸湿性：absorbability含水率：moisture content回潮率：moisture regain含湿量:wet content湿重：wet weight干重：dry weight密度：density幅宽：width克重：grammage(gram)染色牢度：color fastness匹长：piece-length染整：dyeing and finishing胚布：gray goods经编针织物：warp-knitted fabric 纬编针织物：weft-knitted fabric 匹重：piece weight绒布：raised cloth经纱：warp yarn纬纱：weft yarn成品：finished fabric牛仔面料：jean支数：count规格：specification印花织物：printing fabric底布：ground fabric平绒：velveteen离岸重量：offshore weight到岸重量：landed weight捻度：twist涤纶短纤维：polyester staple涤纶长丝：polyester filament原棉：raw cotton含湿量：moisture含杂量：foreign impurities。
染整中英文对照表
染整中英文对照表助剂类softening and antistatic agents 柔软与抗静电剂 water and oil-repellent agents 防水防油整理剂 insect-resist agents 防虫剂thickeners 增稠剂 crosslinking agents 交联剂 emulsifiers 乳化剂染料类direct dyestuffs 直接染料 reactive dyeings 活性染料 disperse dyestuffs 分散染料设备类quickwash shrinkage tester 快速洗水缩水试验机 washing fastness tester 水洗牢度机 martindate aorasion tester 耐磨损测试机standard light both 标准光源箱 universal strength tester 万能强力测试机 light fastness tester 日晒牢度仪non-standard equipments 非标设备 ironing machine 烫平机 series three-legged centrifuger 三足式系列离心机displacement heat exchanger 容积式换热器 reactor 反应锅 hank drier 绞纱烘燥机bulk-fibre drier 散毛烘燥机 liquid-flow hank dyeing machine 液流式绞纱染色机normal temperature oscillating dyeing machine 常温振荡试样机sparging（jet) dyeing machine 喷射式染色机 high-temperature /high-pressure dyeing machine 高温高压染色机 program-controlled dyeing machine 程控染色机high temperature overflow dyeing machine 高温溢流染色机 high temperature and high pressure yarn dyeing machine 高温高压染纱机 atmospheric overflow dyeing machine 常温溢流染色机high temperature sample dyeing machine 高温样品染色机 stainless steal drying tumbler 不锈钢烘筒烘燥机 rope impregnating mangle 绳状浸染机整理类 resin finishing 树脂starch finishing 上浆现象类 slightly reddish cast 轻泛红现象 electrolyte 电解英汉纺织染整词汇(A27)://info.china.alibaba 时间：2005-03-11 00:00 纺织常见面料说法的中英文对照靛蓝青年布：indigo chambray人棉布植绒：rayon cloth flocking pvc植绒：pvc flocking针织布植绒：knitting cloth flocking 珠粒绒：claimond veins倒毛：down pile making平绒：velveteen (velvet-plain)仿麂皮：micro suede牛仔皮植绒：jeans flocking尼丝纺：nylon taffeta (nylon shioze)尼龙塔夫泡泡纱：nylon seersucker taffeta素面植绒：plain flocking印花植绒：flocking(flower)雕印植绒：embossing flocking皮革沟底植绒：leather imitation flocking牛仔植绒雕印：embossing jeans flocking兔羊绒大衣呢：angora cachmere overcoating 羊毛双面呢：double-faced woolen goods立绒呢：cut velvet顺毛呢：over coating粗花呢：costume tweed弹力呢：lycra woolen goods塔丝绒： nylon taslon塔丝绒格子：n/taslon ripstop桃皮绒：polyester peach skin涤塔夫：polyester taffeta春亚纺：polyester pongee超细麦克布：micro fiber锦棉稠(平纹)：nylon-cotton fabric （plain）重平锦棉稠：nylon-cotton-cotton fabric(double weft)人字锦棉纺：nylon-cotton fabric斜纹锦棉纺：nylon-cotton fabric (twill)素色天鹅绒：solid velvet抽条磨毛天鹅绒：rib fleece velvet雪花天鹅绒：melange velvet轧花天鹅绒：ginning velvet粒粒绒布：pellet fleece velvet麻棉混纺布：linen/cotton blended fabric麻棉交织布：linen/cotton mixed fabric素色毛巾布：solid terry蚂蚁布：fleece in one side素色卫衣布：solid fleece鱼网布：fleece彩条汗布：color-stripes single jerseyt/r弹力布：t/r bengalinet/c色织格子布：t/c solid check fabric弹力仿麂皮：micro suede with spandext/r仿麂皮：t/r micro suede仿麂皮瑶粒绒复合布：100%polyester micro suede bounding with polar fleece 仿麂皮针织布复合：100% polyester bounding with knitting micro suede fabric 仿麂皮羊羔绒复合布：100% polyester micro suede bounding with lamb fur蜡光缎：cire satine全消光尼丝纺：full dull nylon taffeta半消光尼丝纺：semi-dull nylon taffeta亮光尼龙：trilobal nylon全消光塔丝隆：full dull nylon taslan全消光牛津布：full dull nylon oxford尼龙格：nylon rip-stop塔丝隆格：taslan rip-stop哑富迪：full dull micro polyester pongee全消光春亚纺：full dull polyester pongee春亚纺格子：polyester pongee rip-stop全消光涤纶桃皮绒：full dull polyester peach宽斜纹桃皮绒：big twill polyester peach涤锦复合桃皮绒：poly/nylon peach涤纶格子：polyester taffeta rip-stop涤纶蜂巢塔丝隆：polyester honey taslan全消光涤纶低弹牛津布：full dull poly textured oxford涤锦交织桃皮绒：nylon/polyester inter-woven peach相关资讯中文名:阿伯披风呢英文名:abba mantle cloth专业解释:阿拉伯用丝或驼毛制中文名:粗厚方平织物英文名:abbot's cloth专业解释:棉或麻制，质地疏松，做几句装饰布，车座套，窗帘等用中文名:平纹织物英文名:plain cloth中文名:阿伯披风呢英文名:abba mantle cloth专业解释:阿拉伯用丝或驼毛制中文名:粗厚方平织物英文名:abbot's cloth中文名:海军呢英文名:admiralty cloth中文名:长毛骆驼绒英文名:camel hair cloth中文名:运动服织物英文名:cabana cloth专业解释:一般染鲜艳明亮彩色，做海滩服与游览服装用中文名:卡笛翁斜纹呢英文名:cadet cloth中文名:轧光布英文名:calendered cloth中文名:橡胶防雨布英文名:macintosh cloth中文名:马金瑙毛织物英文名:Mackinac cloth,Mackinaw cloth专业解释:厚重防寒织物中文名:橡胶防雨布英文名:mackintosh cloth中文名:蜂窝纹绸，蜂巢纹绸英文名:mail cloth中文名:混纺呢英文名:manipulated cloth。
染整英汉词汇
染整英汉词汇A-class goods 正品A-weighted sou nd level A 声级(一种噪声值)《环保》AA(acrylic acid) 丙烯酸AAid(acrylamide)丙稀酰胺aal阿尔(红色的植物染料)AAMA (America n Apparel Man ufacturers Associatio n) 美国服装制造家协会AAS (American Academy of Scie nces) 美国科学院AAS (atomic absorpti on spectrometry) 原子吸收光谱法AATCC (Fastessness Tests) 美国纺织化学家和染色家协会［制定的］坚牢度试验法AATCC( American Association of Textile Chemists and Colourists) 美国纺织化学家和染色家协会AATT( American Association for Textile Tech no logy) 美国纺织工业协会Abbe refractometer 阿贝折射计Abbot dyei ng process 艾博特染色法(多空轴心染色法)Abbot-Cox process艾博特—考克斯染色法(还原染料悬浮体染色法)abreviated system 短流程工艺abrasiva resista nee 耐磨度absolute dry weight 绝对干重absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute in te nsity 绝对强度absolute pressure 绝对压力absorbe ncy in dex 吸收指数absorption coefficient(curve)吸收系数(曲线)absorption fabric 吸收性织物(可吸收气体或蒸汽) absorptio n gauge 织物吸湿率测试仪 absorptio n isotherm 吸收等温线 absorption maximum 最大吸收 abstract desig n \pattern 抽象图案，局部花纹图案acari, acarid 螨ACC (automatic combustion con trol) 自动燃烧控制accelerated chacterizatio n 催化特性accelerati ng age nt 促染剂，催化剂acceptable limit允许限度acceptable quality level合格质量标准，验收合格标准acceptable tolere nee range 合格容差幅度 acceptace 验收，认可，肯定合格检验，验收验收试验验收公差合格产品 附件，附属设备；服饰品accepta nee check accepta nee test accepta nee tolere nee accepted productaccessoriesaccessories for baby cloth ingaccessory in gredie nt婴儿衣物的服饰品配合助剂accessory pigme nt辅助色素acid bright ing酸性丝光整理accide ntal color生的一种色觉）偶生色（凝视有色物体后将有色物体移开时产accide ntal shutdow n 事故停车accommodator调节器accompa nying draw ing 附图accompa nying dyestuffs料）伴染着色染料（指防染、拔染着色染accompa nying fabric ［测试沾色用的］贴衬织物accordi on fabric 单面提花针织物 accumulator 存布器；储蓄器；蓄电池 accumulator scray 储布装置 acetal fiber 缩醛纤维acetate醋酸盐；醋酸酯；醋酯纤维acetate cellulose fiber 醋酯纤维acetate crepe 醋酯绉绸acetate dyes 醋酯纤维染料acetate filame nt 醋酯长丝 acetate ray on 醋酯人造丝acetate ray on staple 醋酯短纤维 acetate resist 醋酯纤维防染acid ager 酸气蒸化机 acid azo dyes 酸性偶氮染料accide nt error, accide ntal error偶然误差，随机误差acid chlori nati on 酸性氯化（羊毛防缩整理）acid colloid method酸性胶体整理法（用于毛织物防缩整理，或是棉织物防腐整理）acid color dipi dye ing 酸性染料浸染acid color discharge 酸性染料拔染acid color printing 酸性染料印花acid color resist dye ing 酸性染料拔染acid crack ing 酸裂解法（用于羊毛脂回收）acid desiz ing 酸退浆acid dye lake 酸性染料色淀acid fin ish 浓硫酸整理法（棉纤维制品的羊毛纸整理工艺）acid milli ng 酸缩绒acid peroxide bleach 酸性过氧化物漂白acid scouri ng 酸性精练acid stai n 酸斑，酸渍acid-base in dicator 酸碱指示剂acid —leuco 隐色酸，酸隐色体acoustextile 隔音纺织品add-on size 上浆率，上浆量add ing and copy ing machi ne 连续曝光机additi on age nt 添加剂；加成剂；配合助剂additi onal age nt finish 添加剂整理additi on colors 调色量，追加色additive level 添加剂总含量additive three primaries 加法三原色adhesi on machi ne for scree n prin ti ng fabric筛网印花织物的贴布机adjace nt color 临近色ADL ( acceptable defect level ) 允许疵点标准ADMI(America n Man ufacturere In stitute) 美国染料制造厂协会adva ncing color 近似色，连感色after treated direct dyes 经固色处理的直接染料after treatment with formalin 甲醛后处理afterproduct 副产品agai nst the ski n 与皮肤接触aga inst to sample 与来样不符aga in st-scale 逆鳞片agar plate method 琼脂平面培养法agate 玛瑙棕(深棕色)agate gree n 灰湖绿age-i nhibit ing additive 防老化添加剂；阻老化添加剂ageing characteristics of mucilages 胶浆的老化性能（美国印花艺术用语）age ing stability 老化稳定性AIC(Associatio n In ternatio nle del Can leur)国际色彩协会(法国)A.I. C.(AmericaInstitute of Chemists）美国化学工作者学会nair blast dryer 气流式烘干机air brush printing 喷雾印花air chamber 风室，空气室air conditioning apparatus 温湿度调节装置air free ager 还原蒸化机air freight 空运，空运费air injection beam dyeing 喷气经轴染色air monitor 大气污染监测器air permeability 透气性air permeability tester 透气性测试仪air permeable waterproffing 透气性放水整理air seal气封（烘房等进出布口的一种封口措施）air-cooled finish 凉爽整理（使织物纱线间保持空隙，以便穿着时有舒适感）air-dry weight 湿重（指标准回潮时的重量）airsteam circulating machine 空气蒸汽循环染色机（染袜子专用染色机）airdry moisture regain 标准回潮率airflow dyeing machine 气流染色机airflow instrument 气流仪Alcian dyes 爱尔新染料（暂溶性酞菁染料）ALG（alg in ate）海藻酸盐；海藻纤维alginic acid 海藻酸alkali blue 碱性蓝alkali boil-off 碱煮练alkali damage 碱斑，碱损alkali desizing 碱退浆alkali deweighting finish, alkali deweighting finishing 碱减量整理（涤纶仿真丝绸整理）alkali fast ness 耐碱坚牢度alkali fusi on 碱熔融alkali shrinkage single jersery 碱缩单面针织物all cotton stretch yarn 全棉弹力纱all fashio n 全成形all round sewing 全面缝all weather coat 风雨衣all wool yarn 全羊毛纱，纯羊毛纱all-in method 全料［印染］法all-in printing process 全料印花法all-in vat printing process 还原染料全料印花法all-over 满地，全幅，满地花纹all-over color 满地着色all-over effect 满地花纹效应all-over print 满地印花all-purpose 通用的all-ro und fast ness 全面坚牢度all-ro und patter n 满地图案，满花allergic dyestuffs 过敏性染料allskin rayon fiber 全皮层粘胶纤维alm on d[brow n] 杏仁棕（浅灰棕色）alm ond gree n 杏仁绿（浅灰绿色）aloha shirt 夏威夷衫，香港衫aluminum foil printing 铝箔印花amicor fiber 抗菌纤维(英国制)ammo nia merceriz ing 液氨丝光an aerbic treatme nt 厌氧处理an alytical bala nee 分析天平an alytical colu mn 分析柱an alytical methodology 分析方法论an alyticity 解析性an cie nt madder 古茜草印花，仿茜草印花an gel frame defect 印框疵aniline black range 精元染色联合机，氧化元染色联合机an ili ne blue 苯胺蓝anion activator 阴离子活化剂anionic surfacta nt 阴离子型表面活性剂Ann .Rep(a nnual report) 年报，年鉴ANSI( American National Standards Institute) 美国国家标准研究所Anti-yellow 防泛黄［整理］an tibacterial fiber 抗菌纤维antibacterial and purifying finish 抗菌防臭整理an ticockle treatme nt 抗皱整理an tique bronze 古铜色(暗黄棕色)an tishri nk fin ish 防缩整理antiultraviolet finishing 抗紫外线整理即parel 服装（总称）apparel fabric 衣料apparel textiles 服装纺织品appearanceof ground ［印花］露底appeara ncequality 外观质量appeara ncerat ing 外观等级appe nding label 商标applicati on roller 给液辊，上胶辊application printing. applied printing 直接印花appliqu p rinting ［发泡式］立体印花appositi on dye ing 同浴染色appret 织物上浆整理approved sample 封样，验收样（作对比用的实物标样）apricot 杏黄色apricot buff 杏黄色apricot cream 米黄色，杏色aqua green 水绿，浅黄绿色aqua regia 王水aquamari ne海蓝宝石蓝（浅绿蓝色）aqueous dye ing 水相染色aqueous printing ink 水性印墨（转移印花用）arabesque 橘棕色Arabia n blue 铁青（深色）architecture of textile 织物结构arctic cap 防寒帽area shri nkage 面积收缩率arge nt 银［白］色argyle desig n 菱形图案，菱形花纹art imlique 内蕴艺术art silk 刺绣丝线art ticki ng 印花床垫；印花枕头布；印花床单art-textile 艺术纺织品art square 工艺美术地毯(双面提花，两端有穗)article mark 商品标志article nu mber 品号artificial cotton 人造棉asbestos 石棉asepsis 无菌，无毒ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers) 美国机械工程师协会asparagusgree n 浅豆绿，龙须菜绿assemblies 衣片assessmentof singeing 烧毛评级assessmentsof fastness 染色牢度评级athletic clothi ng 运动衣ATMA(American Textile Machinery Exhibition - International )美国国际纺织机械展览会atmospheric overflow dyeing machine 常压溢流染色机atmospheric piece dye ing mach ine 常温匹染机atmospheric steamer 常压汽蒸箱attach ing sleeves 附着套袖autojetwet 自动喷湿系统autojig 自动卷染机automatic color matchi ng system 自动测色配色系统Automatic Registation System 自动对花系统automotive fabric 汽车用织物available chlori ne 有效氯avivage 后整理；柔软整理；丝鸣整理avivage age nt 后整理助剂，柔软整理剂，增艳剂，发亮剂avocado 橄榄绿azure blue 中兰，天蓝azurite 蓝色颜料azurite blue 石青蓝（灰绿蓝色）baby pink 淡粉红back and face effect ［染色］织物的正反面效果back cloth/grey 印花衬布back to back knitted fabric 双面针织物back-to-back 反面对反面相叠back-to-face shad ing 正反面色差backgro und color 地色bad register 对花不准bad work 疵点backed print 已焙烘的印花布bale dye ing 原坯染色bale press 打包机balloo ning 缩纬整理balsam gree n 青灰色bamboo 竹黄色banana 香蕉黄色ban da nna, ban da na班丹纳印花绸，班丹纳印花布；印花大手帕bandanna dyei ng 班丹纳染色法（印度手工扎染法）bar code 条形码bark 鼠灰色Barnsley finish 巴恩斯利整理（厚亚麻斜纹布上轻浆和轧光整理方法，英国名称）barre mark 纬向条痕，纬档（织疵）；横条（针织物疵点）barri ness 条花，纬向色档barri ng 条痕，条花；起棱barry dyei ng 色纬，纬色档（织疵）barroches 未漂细布（东南亚制）base cloth 底布base printing 色基印花basic color discharge 碱性染料着色拔染印花basic color resist 碱性染料防染basic shade 主地色bastose 木质纤维素batch 一批；分批；布卷；（染色后）卷布batch cold process ［印染］冷堆法batch duei ng 分批染色；间歇式染色；分卷染色batch gow n ［长］浴衣bath ing suit 浴衣Batik, Batic dyeing,Batik printing 蜡防印花；爪哇印花法battik 蜡染法，蜡染花布BCC（British Color Council）英国颜料染料委员会beach 海滩色（浅橄榄灰）beach coat 海滨服beam dye ing 经轴染色beck dye ing 绳状染色beck rub mark 染槽擦痕bed linen 床用织物（亚麻、棉或混纺材料制成）beetl ing cale nder 捶打轧光机beg in color 本色，天然色beige 本色的，未漂白的；米黄色，浅灰黄色；坯布，原色哔叽；混色线呢ben gali ne 罗缎bergmeal 硅藻土beryl 海绿色；绿柱石beryl printing 贝里尔印花BHSO（British Health & Safety Organization）英国卫生与安全组织binary colors 双色biological stain 生物染色，生物着色bio-wash ingbioe nzyme finish biological oxyge n dema nd 酶素洗，酶洗生物酶整理生物需氧量blatic 湖绿bleach croft 漂白车间blebb ing blebbybleed desig nbleach ing outbleeder resista nee bleeder style prin ti ng bleed ing by scree n满地印花轮廓不清渗散印花花样褪色抗渗化性渗散印花拖版bioni cs-orie nted garme nt designing服装仿生设计biological sta in biomimetic chemitry biotextiles bird ' s -eye pattern生物染色，生物着色仿生化学生物纺织品鸟眼花纹bisque 藕荷色black and white halft onebla nched places bla nk assay黑白网点；浓淡点图，黑白半色调擦伤痕（丝）空白试验blemish ble nd fabric 瑕疵，污点混纺织物bli nd spot 盲点block holder 裁减样板架block printing 手工模板印花bloom 光泽整理；绿灰色绒光；bloomy lustre 鲜明光泽，丝绒光泽blossom [pi nk] 粉红blotch ground 满地花纹，印花底色Blotch-Roll-Flash-Age tech nic 刮浆快蒸印花法blouse fabric 衬衫织物blow ing age nt 发泡剂，生气剂，起泡剂blue ashes 深灰蓝，潮蓝blue jea n 蓝斜纹blue print 蓝图blue purple 品蓝blue scale ［日晒牢度］蓝色标准blueing ink 上蓝bluewhite fin ish 上蓝整理board ing 热定型board ness 织物硬挺度boiled law ns 精练细业麻平布boilfast colour 耐洗牢度咼的染料boili ng-off test 练减检验bold corduroy 粗条灯芯绒boilt ing cloth 筛绢，筛绢织物；筛网bottom fabric 厚重织物box wheel 对花齿轮BP(British Pate nt) 英国专利brand 牌子，商标；品种brands ［毛包］标志；［唛头印记］沾污毛Brazil wax 巴西腊break ing elon gati on 断裂伸长break ing tension 断裂张力break ing —dow n test 破坏性试验break in g-i n period 试车时期，试产时期breathable fabric 透气织物breath coat ing 透气性涂层brillia nt 加光整理brillia nt blue 酞青，孔雀兰brillia nt shade 鲜艳色British gum 印染胶British Sta ndard 英国工业标准broad wove n goods 宽幅织物brocade 锦缎，花缎broke n crease 破边bromate discharge 溴化盐拔染broma nati on溴化［防缩］处理（毛织物整理）processbromo in digo 溴靛兰深蓝色，蓝色颜料灰橄榄绿秋香色杏黄色本色亚麻布bruise roller 压浆滚筒（车间称之为“光辊”）brush damp ing 毛刷给湿转刷给湿机毛刷给浆辊印花装置起球试验仪毛刷辊起绒织物；拉绒织物拉绒针织物拉绒绒毛刷毛机；刷布机绒布刷毛机刷印英国标准协会丁烷四羧酸（无醛防皱整理剂）bubble jet printing bubble process buck ing kier喷泡式印花气泡整理工艺煮练釜bronze bluebronze gree nbronze mistbronze yellowbrow n linenbrush-dewig n mach inebrush fur ni sherbrush patter ning unitbrush siev ing testerbrush rollerbrushed fabricbrushed goodsbrushed pilebrushi ng machi nebrushing machine for flannelettebrushig n printingBSI(British Standard Institute)BTCA(butyltetracarboxylic acid)buckled selvedge 布边不齐burling machine验布机buffer age nt缓冲剂buffer soluti on缓冲溶液buffi ng［仿麂皮］磨光工艺；抛光buffi ng fabric磨光用织物build-up age nt增深剂 build deterge nt复配洗涤剂built-in type内装式，嵌入式 build-up member 装配件 bulk developme nt蓬松显现bulk sample 大样bulk trial大样试验 bulk uni formity蓬松均匀度 bulk volume毛体积bulky finish 膨体整理bulky hand 丰满手感bulky property 膨松性； 弹性bulky yarn 膨松纱bunch yarn 雪花线，竹节花线 bun chy yarn 竹节纱（纱疵）bun dle yarn 绞纱染色burin［手工］雕刻刀bud gree n浅草绿，鲜绿，春绿burning off discharge, burnt-out discharge 烂花拔印burning off mordant, burnt-out mordant 烂花媒染burnt-out fabric 烂花织物burr dye ing 带草籽染色burst film yarn 裂膜丝cadet 紫灰cadet gray 浅蟹灰，蓝灰cake dye ing 丝饼染色calcium algi nate 海藻酸钠cale nder 车L光机cale nderi ng crease 车L花绉calico printing 棉布印花calico strai ner 细布过虑装置caloee fiber 南美苎麻camaieu effect 同色深浅效应cambic fin ish 细薄布整理（经烧毛，轧光及轻上浆处理）camele on 织物闪色效应（在同一梭口中织入两根或三根色泽不同的纬纱，或用各色斑点纱线织成的效应）cameo brow n 豆红色，豆沙色camouflage patter n 伪装印花布，迷彩印花布canal yellow 金丝雀黄（嫩黄色）can ceroge nic substa nee 致癌无知cann ele cord 花式灯芯绒cann etille 金银线（刺绣用）；金银线花边；经棱条织物（用于服装及装饰）can tilever method 悬臂式测定法，刚软度测定法Canton crepe 重双绉；广绫（中国制，做拷绸用）canton finish 棉布平光整理canvas duck 粗帆布（亚麻短纤维纱织成）capacity product ion 生产能力capillarity 毛细作用，毛细现象Capri 卡普里兰（绿蓝色）capsicum red 辣椒红caramel 淡褐色，酱色，黄棕色carbamide呆，尿素脲carbide fibre ［金属］碳化物纤维carbon tissue process 碳素纸印象法（照相凹版雕刻）carbor undum raisi ng 金刚砂起绒carc inogen 致癌物，诱癌剂carc inogenic dyestuff 致癌染料carc inogenicity 致癌性card test 卡片试验（测润湿效率）cardon 平衡环；万向节；万向接头；活结连接器carded felt 毛毡card inal cloth 主教呢（红色）card inal stimuli 基准刺激care claim 使用要求care claim category 表明使用类另care in struction 使用说明care lable 使用须知标签织物的维护（包括洗涤、熨烫、晾晒、刷、防蛀、去污、储carmi ne胭脂红，洋红；红色的天然颜料carnauba wax 巴西棕榈蜡，卡瑙巴蜡caroset 法兰绒carpet transfer prin ti ng 地毯转移印花 carpet tufted 簇绒地毯care of fabric藏等）。
服装专有名词(服装外贸中英文对照)
woven fabric 织布、织物gray yarn 原纱、本色纱gray fabric 坯布、本色布spinning 纺纱yarn count 纱支warp 经纱weft 纬纱ends per inch 经密picks per inch 纬密fabric construction 织物结构fabric width 布宽single width 单幅double width 双幅cutting length 切断长度irregular roll length 不定匹长natural fiber 天然纤维conjugated yarn 复合纤维filament 长纤维cut staple,spun 短纤维blended yarn 混纺纱cross weave 交织twist yarn 捻纱left twist S捻、左手捻right twist Z捻、右手捻tight twist yarn 强捻纱soft twist yarn 弱捻纱yarn dyeing 原纱染色fabric dyeing 匹染hank dyeing 绞纱染色direct dyeing 直接染色plain 平纹twill 斜纹satin 缎纹stripe 条纹check,plaid 格纹jacquard 提花dobby 双臂花式织double faced jacquard 双面异色花纹靛蓝青年布：Indigo chambray人棉布植绒：Rayon cloth flockingPVC植绒：PVC flocking针织布植绒：Knitting cloth flocking珠粒绒：Claimond veins倒毛：Down pile making平绒：velveteen (velvet-plain)仿麂皮：Micro suede牛仔皮植绒：Jeans flocking尼丝纺：Nylon taffeta (Nylon shioze)尼龙塔夫泡泡纱：Nylon seersucker taffeta素面植绒：plain flocking印花植绒：flocking(flower)雕印植绒：Embossing flocking皮革沟底植绒：Leather imitation flocking牛仔植绒雕印：Embossing jeans flocking兔羊绒大衣呢：Angora cachmere overcoating双面呢：double-faced woolen goods羊毛立绒呢：cut velvet顺毛呢：over coating粗花呢：costume tweed弹力呢：lycra woolen goods塔丝绒：Nylon taslon塔丝绒格子：N/Taslon ripstop桃皮绒：polyester peach skin涤塔夫：polyester taffeta春亚纺：polyester pongee超细麦克布：Micro fiber锦棉稠(平纹)：Nylon-cotton fabric （plain）重平锦棉稠：Nylon-cotton-cotton fabric(double weft)人字锦棉纺：Nylon-cotton fabric斜纹锦棉纺：Nylon-cotton fabric (twill)素色天鹅绒：solid velvet抽条磨毛天鹅绒：Rib fleece velvet雪花天鹅绒：melange velvet轧花天鹅绒：ginning velvet粒粒绒布：pellet fleece velvet麻棉混纺布：linen/cotton blended fabric麻棉交织布：linen/cotton mixed fabric素色毛巾布：solid terry蚂蚁布J” SHAPED POCKET J形袋24L BUTTON 24号钮6 FEED PIQUE 6模珠地ACCESSORY 辅料BACK ACROSS 后背宽ACROSS MEASURE 横量ACRYLIC 腈纶ADHESIVE / FUSIBLE INTERLINING 粘衬ANTIQUE BRASS COATING 镀青古铜ANTISTATIC FINISH 防静电处理APPAREL 成衣APPEALING LOOK 吸引人的外表APPROVAL SAMPLE 批办APPROVED SAMPLE WITH SIGNING NAME 签名批办ARMHOLE 夹圈ASSEMBLING OF FRONT & BACK PART 前后幅合并ASSEMBLING SECTION 合并部分ATTACH COLLAR 上领ATTACH LABEL 上商标ATTACHMENT （车缝）附件BACK COVER FRONT 后搭前BACK MID-ARMHOLE 后背宽BACK STITCH 返针，回针BACKLESS DRESS 露背装BAR CODED STICKER 条形码贴纸BARGAINING 讨价还价BAR-TACK 打枣BASTE 假缝BATILK 蜡染BEARER 袋衬BEARER & FACING 袋衬袋贴BEDFORD CORD. 坑纹布，经条灯心绒BELL BOTTOM 喇叭裤脚BELLOWS POCKET 风琴袋BELT 腰带BELT-LOOP 裤耳BIAS CUT 斜纹裁，纵纹裁BIFURCATE 分叉BINDER 包边蝴蝶，滚边蝴蝶BINDING 包边BINDING OF SLV. OPENING R折BINDING OF TOP VENT 面叉包边BINDING TAPE 包边BINDING/BOUND 滚条BLANKET 毛毯，地毯BLEACH 漂白BLEACH SPOT 漂白污渍BLEEDING 洗水后褪色BLEND FIBRE 混纺纤维BLENDS 混纺BLIND STITCH 挑脚线步BLOUSE 女装衬衫BODY PRESSING 衫身熨烫BODY RISE 直浪BOTTOM 衫脚，下摆BOTTOM VENT OF SLEEVE 细侧BOTTOMS 下装BOX-PLEATED 外工字褶BOY'S STYLE FLY / LEFT FLY 男装钮牌，左钮牌BRAID 织锦，织带BRANCH 分公司BREAK STITCHES 断线BRIEFS 男装紧身内裤BROCADE 织锦，织带BROKEN STITCHING 断线BUBBLING 起泡BUCKLE 皮带扣BUCKLE-LOOP 皮带扣BULK PRODUCTION 大量生产BUNDLE CODE 扎号BUNDLING 执扎BUTTON 钮扣BUTTON STAND 钮门搭位BUTTON-HOLE 钮门/ 扣眼BUTTON-HOLING 开钮门BUTTONING 钉钮BUTTONING WITH BUTTON SEWER 用钉钮机钉钮C/B VENT 后中叉CALICO / GRAY CLOTHES 胚布CANVAS 马尾衬，帆布CARDBOARD 纸板CARDED 粗疏CARE LABEL 洗水唛CARTONNING 装箱，入箱CASE PACK LABEL 外箱贴纸CASH POCKET 表袋CASUAL WEAR 便装CATCHING FACING 钮子CENTER BACK 后中CENTER CREASE FOLD 中骨对折CENTER CREASE LINE 中骨线CENTER FRONT 前中CERTIFIED SUB-CONTRACTOR 认可加工厂CHAIN STITCH M/C 锁链车CHAIN STITCHES 锁链线步CHAMPRAY 皱布CHEMISE 宽松服装CHEST/BUST 胸围CHIC 时髦的，流行的CIRCULAR KNIT 圆筒针织布CLASSIC LOOK 经典款式CLASSIFICATION 分类CLEAN FINISH 还口CLEAN FINISH OF TOP VENT 面叉还口CLEAN FINISH WITH 1/4" SINGLE NEEDLE 1/4" 单针还口CLOSE FITTING 贴身CLOSE SIDE SEAM 埋侧骨COATING 外套大衣COIN POCKET 表袋COLLAR 领子COLLAR BAND 下级领COLLAR FALL 上级领COLLAR NOTCH 领扼位COLLAR POINT 领尖COLLAR STAND 下级领COLLAR STAY 领插竹COLLECTION 系列COLOR SHADING 色差COMBED 精梳CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION 结构细节CONTINUOUS PLACKET R折CONTROL OF LABOR TURNOVER 劳工流失控制CORDUROY 灯心绒COST SHEET 成本单COTTON STRING 棉绳COVERING STITCHING 拉冚线步（600类）CREASE & WRINKLY RESISTANT FINISH 防皱处理CREASE LINE 折线CREPE DE-CHINE 皱布CROSS CROTCH 十字缝CROSS CUT 横纹裁CROTCH POINT 浪顶点CTN. NO. 箱号CUFF 鸡英，介英CUFF ATTACHING TO SLEEVE 车鸡英到袖子上CUFF VENT/CUFF OPENING 袖侧CUFFED BOTTOM HEM 反脚，假反脚，脚级CUFFLESS BOTTOM 平脚CURVED POCKET 弯袋CUT & SEWN 切驳CUTTING PIECE 裁片CUTTING PIECE NUMBERING 给裁片编号D.K. JACQUARD 双面提花（针织）DAMAGE CAUSED BY NEEDLE 针孔DECORATIVE STITCHING 装饰间线DELIVERY DATE 落货期DENIER 旦尼尔DENIM 牛仔DENSITY 密度DESIGN SKETCH 设计图DESIGNED FEATURE 设计特征DIMENSION 尺寸、尺码DINNER JACKET 晚礼服DIRT STAINS AFTER WASHING 洗水后有污迹DIRTY SPOT 污点DISCOUNT / SALES OFF 打折DOBBY 织花布DOUBLE CUFF 双层鸡英DOUBLE END 双经DOUBLE JETTED POCKET 双唇袋DOUBLE NEEDLE FELL SEAM 双针埋夹DOUBLE PICK 双纬DOUBLING 并线DRESS COAT 礼服DRESSING ROOM 试衣间DRILLING 钻孔位DRY-CLEANED 干洗DUCK 帆布DYING 染色EASING 容位EDGE STITCHING 间边线EDGE TRIMMER 修边器EDGE-FINISHING 边脚处理EDGE-STITCH DART 边线褶EDGE-STITCHING W/ 1/16" 宽1/16"的边线ELASTIC 橡筋ELASTIC WAISTBAND IS EXTENSION OF BODY 原身出橡筋裤头ELBOW WIDTH 肘宽EMBROIDERY PATCH 绣花章EPAULET 肩章EVENING GOWN SET 晚睡袍EXCELLENT STYLE 漂亮的款式EXCESSIVE THREAD ENDS 多余的线头EXECUTIVE WEAR 行政装EXPIRY DATE 有效期EXPORT CARTON 出口箱EXTENSION OF WAISTBAND 裤头搭咀EYELET 凤眼FABRIC 布料FABRIC CONSTRUCTION 布料结构FABRIC DEFECTS 布疵FABRIC RUNS 走纱FABRIC SHADING 布料色差FABRIC SWATCH 布办FABRIC WIDTH 布封FABRICATION / FABRIC 布料FACING 贴FACING TO OUT-SIDE 折向侧骨FALSE FLY 暗钮牌FALSE PLACKET 假明筒，假反筒FASHION 时装FELL SEAM 埋夹FIGURE-CLINGING 紧身的，贴身胸围FILAMENT 长纤丝FINAL APPEARANCE 最终外观FINISHED APPEARANCE 完成后的外观FITTING 试身FLAMEPROOF FABRIC 防火布FLANNEL 法兰绒FLARE SKIRT 喇叭裙FLAT MACHINE 平车FLAT SEAM 平缝FLAX 亚麻FLOW CHART 流程图FOLD AND PACK 折叠包装，折装FOLD BACK FACING 原身出贴FOLD BACK HIDDEN PLACKET 原身双层钮筒FOLD FRONT EDGE 折前幅边FOLD LINE 折线FOLD PANTS 折裤子FOLD POCKET MOUTH 折反袋口FORM AND FOLD GARMENT 定型折衫FROCKS 礼服FRONT EDGE 前幅边FRONT MID-ARMHOLE 前胸宽FRONT OPENING 前开口FRONT PANEL 前幅FULLY FASHION SWEATER 全成型毛衫FULLY OPENING 全开口FUR 皮草FUR GARMENT 裘皮服装FURRY 毛皮制品FUSE INTERLINING 粘衬FUSIBLE INTERLINING 粘朴FUZZ BALLS 起球GABARDINE 斜纹呢GARMENT 成衣GARMENT DYE 成衣染色GARMENT FINISH 成衣后处理GARMENT SEWING TECHNOLOGY 成衣工艺GARMENT WASH 成衣洗水，普洗GATHERING 碎褶GIRL'S STYLE FLY / RIGHT FLY 女装钮牌，右钮牌GLACED FINISH 压光加工GOOD TASTE 高品味GR. WT.=GROSS WEIGHT 毛重GRADING 放码GRAIN 布纹GRAY CLOTH 胚布GROMMET 凤眼GROWN-ON SLEEVE 原身出袖HALF OPENING 半开口HANDBAG 手袋HANDFEEL 手感HANDLING 执手HANGDLING TIME 执手时间HANGER 衣架HEAVY FABRIC 厚重面料HEM 衫脚，下摆HEM CUFF 反脚HEMMING 卷边，还口HEMMING WITH FOLDER 用拉筒卷边HEMP 大麻HERRINGBONE TWILL 人字斜纹布HEXAGONAL POCKET 六角袋HIDDEN PLACKET 双层钮筒HIDDEN BARTACK 隐形枣HIGH-WAISTED SKIRT 高腰裙HIP 坐围HIP POCKET 后袋HOOD HEIGHT 帽高HORIZONTAL PLAID 水平格INCORRECT LINKING 错误的连接INITIAL SAMPLE 原办，初办INNER EXTENSION 搭咀内层IN-SEAM 内骨INSPECTION 检查INSPIRATION 灵感INTERLACING 交织INTERLINING 衬，朴INTERLINING FOR FACING 贴粘衬INTERLOCK 双面布（针织）INVERTED PLEAT 内工字褶INVOICE 发票IRON OVERALL BODY 熨烫衫身IRON SPOT 烫痕JACQUARD 提花JEANS 牛仔裤JERSEY 平纹单面针织布JOIN CROTCH 埋小浪JUTE 黄麻KHAKI 卡其KNIT 针织KNITTED RIB COLLAR 针织罗纹领KNOTS 结头KNOWLEDGE OF MATERIAL 材料学L/C=LETTER OF CREDIT 信用证L/G=LETTER OF GUARANTEE 担保证LABOUR COST 劳工成本LACE 花边LACOSTE 双珠地LAPEL 襟贴LAUNDRY 干洗LAYOUT 排唛，排料LEATHER 皮革LEFT COVER RIGHT 左搭右LEGGINGS 开裆裤LEISURE STYLE 休闲款式LEISURE WEAR 休闲服LEISURE WEAR SHOW 休闲装展示会LICENSE 许可证LIGHT CURVED POCKET 微弯袋LINEN 亚麻LINING 里布LINKING & CUP SEAMING 缝盆LOCK STITCH 平车线步LOOPED FABRIC 毛圈布LOOPING 起耳仔（疵点）LOOSE BUTTON 钮扣松散LOOSED THREAD CAUSING GRINNING 线太松导致起珠LUSTROUS 光泽MACHINE MAINTENANCE 机械保养MAGIC TAPE 魔术贴MAJOR DEFECT 大疵MAN-MADE FIBRE 人造纤维MANUFACTURER 制造商MARK BUTTONHOLE & BUTTON POSITION 标出钮门与钮扣的位置MARK POCKET POSITION WITH TEMPLATE 用纸板点袋位MARKER 唛架MARKING MID-POINT OF NECK 定领围中位MASS PRODUCTION 大批量生产MATCH COLOR 配色MATERIAL 物料MEASUREMENT 尺寸MELTON 领底绒MILDREW RESISTANT FINISH 防霉处理MISSING PARTS 漏裁片MOTH RESISTANT FINISH 防虫处理NAIL-BUTTON 钉脚钮扣NATURAL FIBRE 天然纤维NECK ACROSS/NECK WIDTH 领宽NECK DROP 领深NECK SEAM 颈圈NET WT. 净重NON-FUSIBLE INTERLINING 非粘朴NON-WOVEN FABRIC 非织布/ 无纺布NOTCH 扼位OFF PRESSING 终烫OIL STAIN 油污ONE PIECE DOUBLE FOLDED BELT-LOOP 一片双折裤耳ONE-PIECE DRESS 连衣裙OPEN SEAM 开骨OPERATION BREAK DOWN 分工序OUT-SEAM 外骨OUT-SEAM PKT. 侧骨袋OVERALL 工作服OVERALLS 吊带裤OVERLAP 重叠OVERLAPPING A FEW STITCHING 驳线OVERLOCK & BLIND-STITCH 折挑OVERLOCK W/ 5 THREADS 五线锁边OVERLOCK WITH 5 THREADS 五线锁边OVERTIME WORKING 加班工作PACKING LIST 包装单PACKING METHOD 包装方法PANEL KNITTING 针织裁片PASTEL 颜料PATCH POCKET 贴袋PATTERN 纸样PAYMENT 付款PEACH POCKET 杏形袋PIECE RATE 记件PIECED ON PLACKET 面车明筒PIECED PLACKET 一片钮筒PILE FABRIC 毛圈布PIPING 嵌边PIQUE 单珠地PLACKET 明筒PLAID MATCHING 对格PLAIDS / CHECKS 格仔布PLAIN WEAVE 平纹梭织PLANTS LAYOUT 厂房布置PLEAT WITH SINGLE NEEDLE 单针车褶PLEATS 活褶POCKET BAG CAUGHT IN BARTACK 袋布被枣打到（疵点）POCKET COVER 袋盖POCKET CREASING MACHINE 烫袋机POCKET FACING 袋贴POCKET FLAP 袋盖POCKET FLASHER 袋卡POCKET MOUTH 袋口POCKET OPENING 袋口POCKET-BAG （裁好的）袋布POCKETING （成卷的）袋布POINT SHAPE BELT-LOOP 三尖裤耳POLYBAG 胶袋POLYWARP 胶纸包POSITION COLLAR 定领位POST-WASH HANDFEEL 洗水后手感PRESHRINKING 预缩PRESS & OPENING SEAM 烫开骨PRESS OPEN 烫开骨PRESSING WORK IN PROGRESS 烫半成品PRINT FABRIC 印花布PRINTING 印花PROCEDURE 程序PRODUCTION SKETCH 生产图PUCKERING 沿缝线的皱褶QUALITY CONTROL / QC 质量控制QUILTING 打缆，间棉RAGLAN SLEEVE 牛角袖RAW EDGE 散口READY-TO-WEAR 成衣REGENERATED FIBRE 再生纤维RESIN FINISH 树脂处理REVERSE SIDE 反面RE-WASHING 返洗RIB 罗纹RIB TAPE 扁带条RIBBING 罗纹RIGHT SIDE OF UNDER-CUFF 下层鸡英的正面RINED 脱水RIVET 撞钉ROUGH YARN 粗纱ROUND CORNERED CUFF 圆角介英ROUND CORNERED EXTENSION 圆形裤头搭咀ROUND CORNERED POCKET 圆角袋RUG 地毯RULER SHAPED POCKET 曲尺袋RUN OFF STITCHING 落坑线RUN-STITCHING 运线S.K. JACQUARD 单面提花（针织）SAFARI-JACKET 猎装SATIN / SATEEN 色丁SEAM 缝骨SEAM ALLOWANCE 止口，子口，缝头SEAM BROKEN 缝骨爆裂SEAM CONSTRUCTION 缝型结构SEAM PUCKER 缝骨起皱SEAM SLIPPAGE 散口SEAM TWIST 缝骨扭SELVEDGE / SELF-EDGE 布边SELVEGE 布边SERGE / OVERLOCK 及骨，锁边SET IN SHOULDER PAD 上肩垫SET IN SLEEVE 上袖，绱袖SEW BUTTONHOLE / BUTTONHOLING 开钮门SEW TOGETHER BODICE AND ITS LINING 缝合衫身与里布，拼里SEW WELT POCKET 车唇袋SEWING CUFF 车鸡英SEWING SEQUENCE 车缝工序SEWN SELF FABRIC WAISTBAND 原身出裤头SHELL FABRIC 面料SHINY （烫）起镜SHIPPING CARTON 出口箱SHIPPING DATE 落货期SHIPPING MARKS 箱唛SHORTS 短裤SHOULD POINT 肩点SHOULDER 肩宽SHOULDER POINT 肩点SHRINKAGE 缩水SHRINK-PROOF 防缩SHRINK-RESISTANT 防缩处理SIDE MARK 侧唛SIDE PANEL 侧幅，小身SIDE SEAM 侧骨SILHOUETTE 轮廓SINGLE JETTED POCKET 单唇袋SINGLE NEEDLE LOCKSTITCH M/C 单针平车SIZE ASSORTMENT 尺码分配SIZE SPECIFICATION / SIZE SPEC. 尺码表SIZING 上浆SKIPPED STITCHES 跳线SLACKS 松身裤SLANT CORNERED CUFF 斜角介英SLANT POCKET 斜插袋SLASHING POCKET MOUTH 开袋口SLEEVE 衣袖SLEEVE LENGTH 袖长SLEEVE OPENING 袖口SLIM WAIST LINE 修腰线SLIT 叉SNIP NOTCH 剪扼位SOLID COLOR 单色SOLID COLOR & SOLID SIZE 单色单码SORTING 分床分码SPECIAL MACHINE 特殊机器，特种车SPLOTCHES 污迹SPREADING 拉布SPUN YARN 纺纱SQUARED SHAPED POCKET 方角袋STEAM PRESSING STAND 蒸汽烫台STITCH 线步STITCH DOWN WITH PKT-BAG 车线连袋布STITCH OVERLAPPING 驳线STITCH PER INCH / S.P.I. 每英寸针数STITCH TYPE 针步类型STITCHING & TURNING COLLAR OUT 车线后反领STRAIGHT BOTTOM 直筒裤脚STRAIGHT CUT 直纹裁STRAIGHT POCKET 直插袋STRAP 带条STRIPE MATCHING 对条STRIPED (FABRIC) 条子布STUFFING 填充物STYLE 款式SUITING 套装SWEEP 下摆SWIMSUIT 泳装TAB 袢扣TAFFETA 塔夫绸TAPE 带条TAPER BOTTOM 萝卜裤脚TAPING 镶边TAPS 织带TBA=TO BE ADVISE 待复TERRY CLOTH 毛巾布TEXTURED YARN 光亮纱线THIGH 脾围THREAD CLIPS 纱剪（剪线用）THREE POINTED CATCHING FACING 三尖钮子THREE POINTED CUFF 三尖介英THREE POINTED EXTENSION 三尖裤头搭咀THREE POINTED PKT. WITH TWO CURVED SIDES 两边微弯三尖袋THREE POINTS POCKET 三尖袋TIPPING 镶边，唧边TO BE ADVISE 待复TOP COLLAR 面领TOP SLEEVE 大袖TOP STITCHING 间面线TOP VENT 叉的面层TOP VENT OF SLEEVE 大侧TOPS 上装TOP-STITCHING 间面线TOP-STITCHING WITH DOUBLE NEEDLE 双针间面线TOTAL PRICE 总价TOWEL 毛圈布TRICOT 经向斜纹毛织布TRIM FRONT EDGE 修剪前幅边缘TRIM OR SNIP ALONG CURVED SEAM 沿弯位修剪TRIM THREAD 剪线TRIMMINGS 部件，衣服上的点缀物TROUSERS 裤子TURN CUFF OUT TO THE RIGHT SIDE 反出鸡英正面TURNED FINISH 卷边TUXEDO 无尾燕尾服TWEED 毛绒布TWILL 斜纹布TWIST LEG 扭脾扭脚UNDER PRESSING 中烫UNDER SLEEVE 小袖UNDER VENT/BOTTOM VENT 叉的底层UNDERARM SEAM 袖底骨UNDERLAP PLACKET 下层明筒，三尖折的小袖叉UNDERWEAR 内衣UNEVEN DYING 染色不均匀UNEVEN HEM 衫脚不平均UNEVEN PLAIDS 格仔不均匀UNIT PRICE 单价VELCRO 魔术贴VELVET 天鹅绒VELVETEEN 仿天鹅绒VENETIAN 缩绒呢VENT 叉（有叠位）VISCOSE RAYON 人造丝V-NECK V形领窝VOGUE 流行的，风尚的WAIST 腰围WAIST TAG 腰卡WAISTBAND 腰头WAISTBAND IS EXTENSION OF BODY 原身裤头WALES 纵向线圈WARDROBE 某一季节那一类型的服装WAREHOUSE 仓库WARP / ENDS 经纱WARP KNITTED FABRIC 经向针织布WARP-KNITTING 经编织物WASHING INITIAL LOAD 头缸洗水WASHING INSTRUCTION 洗水指示WASHING STREAKS 洗水痕WATER REPELLENT 防水处理WATERPROOF FABRIC 防水布WAVE STITCHING 线步起波浪WEB 网状物WEFT / PICKS 纬纱WEFT-KNITTING 纬编织物WELT POCKET 西装袋，手巾袋WOOLEN 粗纺羊毛WORK TICKET 工票WORKMANSHIP 手工WORSTED 精纺羊毛WOVEN LABEL 织唛WRAPSEAM 包缝WRINKLES 起皱WRONG TYPE SEAM 错误的缝骨类型YARN 纱线ZIG-ZAG 人字ZIG-ZAG STITCHES 人字线步ZIPPER FASTENER 拉链系结物常用纺织英语无纺布：NON-WOVEN FABRIC 靛蓝青年布：Indigo chambray人棉布植绒：Rayon cloth flockingPVC植绒：PVC flocking针织布植绒：Knitting cloth flocking珠粒绒：Claimond veins倒毛：Down pile making平绒：velveteen (velvet-plain)仿麂皮：Micro suede牛仔皮植绒：Jeans flocking尼丝纺：Nylon taffeta (Nylon shioze)尼龙塔夫泡泡纱：Nylon seersucker taffeta素面植绒：plain flocking印花植绒：flocking(flower)雕印植绒：Embossing flocking皮革沟底植绒：Leather imitation flocking牛仔植绒雕印：Embossing jeans flocking兔羊绒大衣呢：Angora cachmere overcoating 双面呢：double-faced woolen goods羊毛立绒呢：cut velvet顺毛呢：over coating粗花呢：costume tweed弹力呢：lycra woolen goods塔丝绒：Nylon taslon塔丝绒格子：N/Taslon ripstop桃皮绒：polyester peach skin涤塔夫：polyester taffeta春亚纺：polyester pongee超细麦克布：Micro fiber锦棉稠(平纹)：Nylon-cotton fabric （plain）重平锦棉稠：Nylon-cotton-cotton fabric(double weft)人字锦棉纺：Nylon-cotton fabric斜纹锦棉纺：Nylon-cotton fabric (twill)素色天鹅绒：solid velvet抽条磨毛天鹅绒：Rib fleece velvet雪花天鹅绒：melange velvet轧花天鹅绒：ginning velvet粒粒绒布：pellet fleece velvet麻棉混纺布：linen/cotton blended fabric麻棉交织布：linen/cotton mixed fabric素色毛巾布：solid terry蚂蚁布：fleece in one side素色卫衣布：solid fleece鱼网布：fleece彩条汗布：color-stripes single jerseyT/R弹力布：T/R bengalineT/C色织格子布：T/C solid check fabric弹力仿麂皮：Micro suede with spandexT/R仿麂皮：T/R Micro suede仿麂皮瑶粒绒复合布：100％polyester micro suede bounding with polar fleece 仿麂皮针织布复合：100％polyester bounding with knitting micro suede fabric 仿麂皮羊羔绒复合布：100％polyester micro suede bounding with lamb fur蜡光缎：cire satine全消光尼丝纺：Full dull nylon taffeta半消光尼丝纺：semi-dull nylon taffeta亮光尼龙：Trilobal nylon全消光塔丝隆：Full dull nylon taslan全消光牛津布：full dull nylon oxford尼龙格：Nylon rip-stop塔丝隆格：Taslan rip-stop哑富迪：Full dull Micro polyester pongee全消光春亚纺：Full dull polyester pongee春亚纺格子：polyester pongee rip-stop全消光涤纶桃皮绒：Full dull polyester peach宽斜纹桃皮绒：Big twill polyester peach涤锦复合桃皮绒：poly/nylon peach涤纶格子：polyester taffeta rip-stop涤纶蜂巢塔丝隆：polyester honey taslan全消光涤纶低弹牛津布：Full dull poly textured oxford涤锦交织桃皮绒：Nylon/polyester inter-woven peach纺织纤维（textile fibre）纺织纤维（textile fibre）★(1)天然纤维(natural fibre)●植物纤维(plant fiber）○种子毛纤维(seed fibre):棉花(cotton)、木棉(kapok)○韧皮纤维(bast fiber):亚麻(flax)、大麻(Hemp)、苎麻(Ramie)，黄麻(Jute)、青麻、洋麻○叶纤维(leaf fibre)：剑麻(sisal hemp)、蕉麻(Manila hemp)○果实纤维(fruit fibre):椰子纤维(coconut fibre)●动物纤维（animal fibrel）毛发(hair) :羊毛(wool)、兔毛(rabbit hair)、鸵毛(camel hair)等分泌物:家蚕、柞蚕(tussah silk)、桑蚕丝(mulberry silk)●矿物纤维(mineral fiber):石棉(asbestos fiber)★(2)人造纤维(man-made fibre)○无机纤维:金属纤维、玻璃纤维、岩石纤维矿渣纤维等(inorganic fiber: metal fiber、stone fiber、glass fiber、slag fiber,Etc.)○人造纤维素纤维:粘胶纤维、铜氨纤维等(Man-made cellulose fibre: viscose、cuprammouium rayon)○纤维素酯纤维:二醋酯纤维、三醋酯纤维(Cellulose acetate-fiber: two-acetate fiber、three-acetate fiber)○人造蛋白纤维:酪素纤维、玉米蛋白纤维、大豆蛋白纤维等(corn protein fiber、pea protein fiber)★(3)合成纤维(synthetic fibre) OR (chemical fiber)●聚酯纤维(聚对苯二甲酸二甲酯):涤纶(PET) T(polyethylene terephthalate：polyester)●聚酰胺纤维：锦纶(PA) N（聚酰胺,尼龙）●聚丙烯腈系纤维:腈纶(PVN) A（polyacrylonitrile ,丙烯酸）●聚烯烃纤维:丙纶(PP)（聚丙烯）●聚氨酯纤维:氨纶(OP)（polyruethane elastomeric 纤维;斯潘德克斯弹性纤维）●聚乙烯醇缩醛纤维:维纶(PVA) V（维尼纶）●聚氯乙稀：氯纶（PVC）（chlorofibre ,聚乙烯化合物的氯化物纤维）●其它纤维：芳纶、乙纶等woven fabric 织布、织物gray yarn 原纱、本色纱gray fabric 坯布、本色布spinning 纺纱yarn count 纱支warp 经纱weft 纬纱ends per inch 经密picks per inch 纬密fabric construction 织物结构fabric width 布宽single width 单幅double width 双幅cutting length 切断长度irregular roll length 不定匹长natural fiber 天然纤维conjugated yarn 复合纤维filament 长纤维cut staple,spun 短纤维blended yarn 混纺纱cross weave 交织twist yarn 捻纱left twist S捻、左手捻right twist Z捻、右手捻tight twist yarn 强捻纱soft twist yarn 弱捻纱yarn dyeing 原纱染色fabric dyeing 匹染hank dyeing 绞纱染色direct dyeing 直接染色plain 平纹twill 斜纹satin 缎纹stripe 条纹check,plaid 格纹jacquard 提花dobby 双臂花式织double faced jacquard 双面异色花纹Colorspalegoldenrod 苍麒麟色palegreen 苍绿色paleturquoise 苍绿色palevioletred 苍紫罗蓝色pansy 紫罗兰色papayawhip 番木色peachpuff 桃色peru 秘鲁色pink 粉红plum 杨李色powderblue 粉蓝色purple 紫色red 红色rosybrown 褐玫瑰红royalblue 宝蓝色rubine 宝石红saddlebrown 重褐色salmon 鲜肉色salmon pink 橙红色sandy beige 浅褐色sandybrown 沙褐色sapphire 宝石蓝scarlet 猩红色seagreen 海绿色seashell 海贝色shocking pink 鲜粉红色sienna 赭色silver 银白色skyblue 天蓝色slateblue 石蓝色slategray 灰石色smoky gray 烟灰色snow 雪白色springgreen 春绿色steelblue 钢蓝色stone 石色tan 茶色teal 水鸭色thistle 蓟色tomato 番茄色turquoise 青绿色turquoise blue 翠蓝色violet 紫色wheat 浅黄色white 白色whitesmoke 烟白色winered 葡萄酒红yellow 黄色yellowgreen 黄绿色染整中英文对照表染整中英表染整中英文对照表softening and antistatic agents 柔软及抗静电剂water and oil-repellent agents 防水防油整理剂insect-resist agents 防虫剂thickeners 增稠剂crosslinking agents 交联剂emulsifiers 乳化剂染料类direct dyestuffs 直接染料reactive dyeings 活性染料disperse dyestuffs 分散染料设备类quickwash shrinkage tester 快速洗水缩水试验机washing fastness tester 水洗牢度机martindate aorasion tester 耐磨损测试机standard light both 标准光源箱universal strength tester 万能强力测试机light fastness tester 日晒牢度仪non-standard equipments 非标设备ironing machine 烫平机series three-legged centrifuger 三足式系列离心机displacement heat exchanger 容积式换热器reactor 反应锅hank drier 绞纱烘燥机bulk-fibre drier 散毛烘燥机liquid-flow hank dyeing machine 液流式绞纱染色机normal temperature oscillating dyeing machine 常温振荡试样机sparging（jet）dyeing machine 喷射式染色机high-temperature /high-pressure dyeing machine 高温高压染色机program-controlled dyeing machine 程控染色机hot-press热压机high temperature overflow dyeing machine 高温溢流染色机high temperature and high pressure yarn dyeing machine 高温高压染纱机atmospheric overflow dyeing machine 常温溢流染色机high temperature sample dyeing machine 高温样品染色机stainless steal drying tumbler 不锈钢烘筒烘燥机rope impregnating mangle 绳状浸染机整理类resin finishing 树脂starch finishing 上浆现象类slightly reddish cast 轻泛红现象electrolyte 电解英文名称：Accordion stitch 中文名称：单面提花组织英文名称：Allemande 中文名称：阿勒芒德灯芯绸[变化斜纹组织,法国制]英文名称：Armure 中文名称：1.小卵石纹薄呢2.小卵石纹组织英文名称：Armure weave 中文名称：小卵石纹组织,花岗石纹组织英文名称：Army oxford 中文名称：军用牛津布[双经双纬平纹组织衬衫料] 英文名称：Art weave 中文名称：艺术花纹[菱形几何图案组织]英文名称：Artillery twill 中文名称：1.斜纹马裤呢2.三上一下63°急斜纹(组织)英文名称：Astrakan 中文名称：经缎毛圈组织英文名称：Astrakhan(=astrachan) 中文名称：1.仿羔皮织物2.俄国羔皮,卷毛羔皮3.经缎毛圈组织英文名称：Atlas 中文名称： 1.缎纹织物[八枚或五枚]2.经编缎纹组织英文名称：Atlas milanese 中文名称：米兰尼斯经缎组织英文名称：Atlas net 中文名称：经缎网眼组织英文名称：Atlas tricot 中文名称：经编缎纹织物,特利考经缎组织英文名称：Barathea 中文名称：1.巴拉西厄毛葛[丝经毛纬,卵石纹组织]2.巴拉西厄军服呢或礼服呢[精纺方平斜纹组织]英文名称：Barrege 中文名称：丝毛纱罗[丝经毛纬,纱罗组织]英文名称：Basket 中文名称：席纹,方平组织英文名称：Basket cloth 中文名称：方平组织棉布,绣花(用)十字布英文名称：Basket fabric 中文名称：1.方平网眼织物,蜂巢形网眼织物2.方平组织织物英文名称：Basket stitch 中文名称：方平式贴线缝绣,席纹组织英文名称：Basket twill 中文名称：方平组织,板丝组织,席纹组织英文名称：Bird's-eye pique 中文名称：鸟眼凹凸组织(织物),菱形纹凹凸组织(织物)英文名称：Bliss twill 中文名称：四上二下斜纹组织英文名称：Brighton weave 中文名称：(变化)蜂巢组织,(变化)蜂窝组织英文名称：Broad rib 中文名称：阔罗纹组织,2+2双罗纹组织英文名称：Broken pattern 中文名称：色纬次序错乱,错花,错组织[织疵]英文名称：Broken twill(=cross twill) 中文名称：破斜纹组织英文名称：Buckskin weave 中文名称：鹿皮组织[八综缎纹]英文名称：Cable stitch 中文名称：绞花组织,辫子组织英文名称：Calico weave 中文名称：平纹组织英文名称：Camelina 中文名称：卡默利纳粗绒呢[方平组织]英文名称：Cameline 中文名称：卡默利粗绒呢[方平组织]英文名称：Canton cotton 中文名称：广东棉绒布[中支经,粗支纬,斜纹组织]英文名称：Cardigan rib(=cardigan stitch) 中文名称：畦编组织[指鱼鳞花纹]英文名称：Cardigan stitch 中文名称：畦编组织英文名称：Cardigan(rib)stitch 中文名称：畦编组织[鱼鳞花纹]英文名称：Cargaison 中文名称：卡格松亚麻布[中等重量,平纹组织,法国制]英文名称：Cashmere silk 中文名称：卡丝米毛葛,开士米毛葛[蚕丝经精纺毛纬,斜纹组织] 英文名称：Cashmere twill 中文名称：卡丝米斜纹,开士米斜纹[一上二下斜纹组织]英文名称：Cattle hair cloth 中文名称：牛毛厚呢[斜纹组织,低级毯]英文名称：Celtic twill 中文名称：方块斜纹组织英文名称：Chain stitch 中文名称：绞花组织,链式针迹英文名称：Chain weave 中文名称：链纹组织,链式组织英文名称：Check cord 中文名称： 1.亩组织格子2.平纹条格布英文名称：Chinchilla weave 中文名称：灰鼠纹组织[纬线起毛形如灰鼠皮]英文名称：Cloky 中文名称：泡泡组织物,缬缬织物,泡泡点纹英文名称：Cloque 中文名称：泡泡沙,泡泡组织织物英文名称：Cloque 中文名称：泡泡组织织物,缬缬织物,泡泡点纹[法国用语]英文名称：Cobourg 中文名称：科堡斜纹呢[二上一下组织或二上二下组织]英文名称：Combined weave(=combination weave) 中文名称：联合组织[两种以上不同组织联合而成的组织]英文名称：Compound twill 中文名称：复合斜纹[两种或两种以上的不同斜纹的复合组织]英文名称：Contracting stitching 中文名称：收缩线圈，收缩（针织）组织英文名称：Cord weave 中文名称：1.凸条组织,棱纹2.经向灯芯布,凸条纹布英文名称：Cordelat 中文名称：柯迪拉长绒厚呢[二上二下斜纹组织,法国制]英文名称：Corkscrew twill 中文名称：螺旋斜纹(组织)英文名称：Cotton weave 中文名称：平纹组织[别名]英文名称：Covert weave 中文名称：经面斜纹[一般用缎纹组织]英文名称：Crepe 中文名称：起绉组织英文名称：Crepe janigor 中文名称：杰尼果绉[粘胶人丝及无光粗酯人丝相间作经,精纺毛纬,厚重棱纹组织,染后呈不同色泽,美国制]英文名称：Crepe lisse 中文名称：亮光绉[上光和上浆的皱纹组织]英文名称：Crepe ondese 中文名称：翁代斯绉绸[人造丝和粗酯纤维绉织物,组织粗松]英文名称：Crepe soleil 中文名称：有光人丝绉[缎纹组织]英文名称：Crepe vitylla 中文名称：维耶勒绉呢[毛经棉纬,二上二下斜纹组织]英文名称：Crepe weave 中文名称：皱纹组织,呢地组织英文名称：Crepe-effect weave 中文名称：皱纹组织英文名称：Crepe-like texture 中文名称：绉绸状结构,绉绸状组织英文名称：Crepine 中文名称：小点皱纹绸[点纹由织物组织形成]英文名称：Creseau 中文名称：粗起绒帆布[平纹组织]英文名称：Cross twill 中文名称：破斜纹组织英文名称：Crowfoot satin 中文名称：破斜纹组织,四枚缎英文名称：Curved twill 中文名称：曲线斜纹组织英文名称：Cut check 中文名称：破斜纹方格组织英文名称：Cut stripe 中文名称：阴阳斜条组织,变化方平组织英文名称：Denim 中文名称：粗斜纹布,劳动布[色经,白纬,斜纹组织,做工作服用]英文名称：Derby rib 中文名称：德比式罗纹组织[6＋3罗纹组织]英文名称：Derivation weave 中文名称：(织物)变化组织英文名称：Devon huck 中文名称： 1.德文郡组织[十经六纬]2.德文郡毛巾织物英文名称：Diagonal 中文名称： 1.急斜纹(组织)2.贡斜纹英文名称：Diagonal rid weave 中文名称：斜棱纹组织,贡斜纹组织英文名称：Diagonal weave 中文名称： 1.急斜纹组织2.贡斜纹英文名称：Diamond weave 中文名称：菱形花纹组织英文名称：Dice weave 中文名称：阴阳小方格组织,阴阳菱形组织,席纹组织英文名称：Dobby weave 中文名称：多臂提花组织,多臂花式组织英文名称：Doeskin weave 中文名称：仿麂皮组织,驼丝棉组织[五经缎纹组织]英文名称：Double atlas(fabric) 中文名称：双梳栉经缎组织英文名称：Double bar cord stitch 中文名称：双梳栉经绒组织英文名称：Double blister 中文名称：双列凸纹(浮线)组织英文名称：Double cote 中文名称：双棱哗叽[法国制,每一完全组织10经10纬]英文名称：Double denbigh plain tricot 中文名称：双梳栉经平组织英文名称：Double elastic webbing 中文名称：弹性袋织组织英文名称：Double fabric 中文名称：重经组织英文名称：Double pique 中文名称：复式凹凸(单面浮线)组织,点纹组织英文名称：Double plush 中文名称：双面长毛绒组织英文名称：Double satin 中文名称：加强缎纹组织英文名称：Double weave 中文名称：经纬双层组织英文名称：Double weft weave 中文名称：纬二重组织英文名称：Double-large weave 中文名称：双层组织英文名称：Doup weave 中文名称：沙罗组织英文名称：Double loop(=double loop stitch) 中文名称：重经组织,双线圈英文名称：Double plain weave 中文名称：双层平纹组织英文名称：Drap bresilliene 中文名称：丝毛呢[丝经毛纬,二上二下斜纹组织,法国制] 英文名称：Drap satin 中文名称：丝光毛纬[表面为缎纹组织,上光]英文名称：Drill weave 中文名称：斜纹布,二上一下经面斜纹组织英文名称：Duplex soft-filled sheeting 中文名称：双面绒布[变化斜纹组织]英文名称：Double vandyke stitch 中文名称：双梳栉经缎组织英文名称：Elastica中文名称： 1.弹力,弹性2.弹性组织英文名称：Drop stitch中文名称：脱圈组织,不完全组织[故意脱散,编成花纹]英文名称：Empress cloth中文名称：女式双层细呢[强粘棉经、毛纬,表面二上一下斜纹,背面重平组织]英文名称：English leather stitch中文名称：[英式]充麂皮经编组织,单梳栉经编集圈组织,单梳栉经编充麂皮组织英文名称：Eyelet中文名称： 1.孔眼,小孔2.(孔眼的)锁缝3.导纱器4.网眼组织,菠萝组织英文名称：Failletine中文名称：薄罗缎[组织似府绸]英文名称：Eight lock中文名称：2+2双罗纹组织英文名称：Fancy basket weave中文名称：变化方平组织英文名称：Fancy monk's cloth中文名称：花式蜂巢(组织)粗布[做家具套子、车座套、窗帘等用] 英文名称：Fancy and figured rib weave中文名称：变化重平组织,变化亩组织英文名称：Fancy mat weave中文名称：变化方平组织,花式方平组织英文名称：Fancy fabric中文名称：变化组织(针)织物,花式(针)织物英文名称：Fancy and figured twill中文名称：变化斜纹组织,花式斜纹英文名称：Figured weave中文名称：提花组织英文名称：Fabric中文名称： 1.布,蒙布,织品,织物,纤维物2.组织,构造英文名称：Fancy and figured mat weave中文名称：变化方平组织英文名称：Fancy plated stitch中文名称：花式添纱组织英文名称：Fancy purl中文名称：花式双反面组织英文名称：Fancy rib(=fancy rib weave)中文名称：变化重平组织,变化亩组织英文名称：Figured rib中文名称：变化重平组织英文名称：French double pique中文名称：法国复式凹凸(单面浮线)组织,法国点纹组织英文名称：Figured rep中文名称：变化棱纹组织英文名称：Eyelet stitch中文名称：网眼组织,菠萝组织英文名称：Gallow twill中文名称：加卢斜纹[四上四下斜纹组织]英文名称：Grey sheeting中文名称：本色阔幅斜纹布[英国二上二下组织,平纹组织]英文名称：Fancy oatmeal中文名称：花式燕麦纹组织英文名称：Fringe stitch中文名称：流苏组织,穗组织,绿饰组织英文名称：Flat knit中文名称：平针组织英文名称：Fancy pique design中文名称：花式凹凸组织英文名称：Feeling。
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第一章1、表面活性剂S.A.A surfactant （使表面张力降低）2、ppm 将每升水中钙镁盐含量换算成碳酸钙的毫克数来表示水的硬度，单位mg/L3、表面张力与表面自由能surface tension and surface energy4、界面活性剂Definition of surfactant5、阴离子表面活性剂Anionic[,kætai'ɔnik] Surfactant6、阳离子表面活性剂Cationic [,kætai'ɔnik] Surfactant7、两性表面活性剂Amphoteric [,æmfə'terɪk] Surfactant8、非离子表面活性剂Nonionic [,nɔnai'ɔnik]Surfactant9、双子表面活性剂Gemini ['dʒeminai] Surfactant10、临界胶束浓度CMC 使水的表面张力达到最低值所对应的表面活性剂的最低浓度。
表面活性剂溶液区别于一般溶液的明显特征是存在临界胶束浓度11、Wetting （润湿）and penetration [penɪ'treɪʃ(ə)n]（渗透）润湿：液体取代固体表面气体的过程。
12、Wetting: adhesion,[əd'hiːʒ(ə)n] immersion[ɪ'mɜːʃ(ə)n], spreading. 沾湿浸湿铺展13、Emulsification [i,mʌlsifi'keiʃən]（乳化）, dispersion [dɪ'spɜːʃ(ə)n]（分散）solubilization [,sɔljubilai'zeiʃən,（增容）14、Decontamination ['di:kən,tæmi'neiʃən]（净化、去污）15、十二烷基苯磺酸钠（ABS）是此类表面活性剂的代表。
16、LAS detergents: linear alkylbenzenesulfonates（线型烷基苯磺酸盐）17、十二烷基硫酸酯钠，又叫做月桂醇硫酸酯钠，其英文简称为SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) 或SLS (sodium lauryl sulfate)，易溶于水，有良好的净洗和乳化作用。
18、降解degradation 无氧anaerobic 有氧aerobic19 克拉夫点（Krafft）当温度升高至某一温度时，离子型表面活性剂在水中的溶解度急剧升高，该温度称为krafft点，相对应的溶解度即为该离子表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(CMC)。
krafft点是离子型表面活性剂应用温度的下限，只有高于krafft点，离子型表面活性剂才能充分发挥作用20 亲疏平衡值HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance) 表示聚二乙烯醇和多元醇非离子表面活性剂的亲水和疏水性能，其它类型的表面活性剂并不适用第二章棉及棉型织物的烧毛、退浆、精练1 烧毛singeing ['sindʒiŋ]2 退浆desizing [diː'saɪzɪŋ] 退浆率（%）= （坯布重量-退浆后织物重）/原坯布重退浆方法：碱退浆酸退浆酶退浆氧化剂退浆P35-P533 精练scouring ['skauəriŋ] 煮练：用化学的方法去除棉布上的天然杂质精练提纯纤维素的过程，使织物获得良好的吸水性和较洁净的外观，以利于后续加工。
4 漂白bleaching ['blitʃiŋ] 目的：去除天然色素，提高织物的白度和鲜艳度。
BOD 生化需氧量COD 化学需氧量均为环境检测指标Whiteness 白度表示物质表面白色的程度，以白色含有量的百分率表示5 丝光mercerizing 分两种：丝光（mercerization [,mə:sərai'zeiʃən,）在处理过程中施加张力，纺织品获得丝一般的光泽碱缩（alkali ['ælkəlaɪ] shrinkage ['ʃrɪŋkɪdʒ]）纺织品一松弛的状态经受处理，结果纺织品变得紧密，并富有弹性6 acid modified （酸降解）and oxidized （氧化降解）.7 Derivitization 淀粉衍生物8 (CMC) 羧甲基纤维素9 Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) 聚乙烯醇10 Polyacrylic Acid (PA) 聚丙烯酸11 Alkali desizing 碱退浆1）在热碱液作用下浆料会发生溶胀，从凝胶状态变成溶胶状态而与纤维的粘着变松，容易洗落下来。
2）CMC、PA类的浆料在热碱液中的溶解性能较好，再经水洗可具有良好的退浆效率。
适用性强，可用于各种浆料的退浆可使用丝光的废碱液，成本低12 Enzyme desizing 酶退浆13 Oxidizing agent desizing 氧化剂退浆氧化剂退浆可用于任何天然或合成浆料的退浆，退浆率比碱退浆高，一般可以达到90～98%左右。
原布上的浆料组成往往是未知的，所以氧化剂退浆的适用性比酶退浆高。
氧化型退浆剂主要有过氧化氢、过硫酸盐（过硫酸钠、过硫酸铵和过硫酸钾）和亚溴酸钠。
14 浊点=雾点cloud point第三章漂白bleaching1 漂白遵循Economy ecology [ɪ'kɒlədʒɪ;环保efficiency2 双氧水在漂白过程中除了对天然色素有破坏作用外，同时也会使纤维素氧化而受损，因此在漂白过程中要有效地控制双氧水的分解速率，通常在漂液中要加入一定量的稳定剂如硅酸钠等。
纤维的氧化损伤和稳定剂的作用重金属离子能迅速将H2O2分解产生O2, 一方面使H2O2失去漂白作用，增加H2O2消耗；另一方面如果O2渗透到织物内部，在高温强碱条件下，将使纤维素发生严重降解。
因此，铜、铁屑等的存在可能使棉布产生破洞。
形成的各种游离基, 特别是活性高的HO·，对色素有破坏作用的同时，可能使纤维素也受到损伤。
3 稳定剂在漂液中要加入一定量的稳定剂，稳定剂的作用是阻止重金属离子对H2O2的催化分解，在总的漂白时间内保持较高的氧化能力而进行有效的漂白，不致浪费有效成分和过度损伤纤维。
通常棉纤维漂白常用硅酸钠和其它非硅酸盐稳定剂如无机磷酸盐、有机螯合剂、蛋白质降解产物和有机多元膦酸盐等；对于羊毛等蛋白质纤维，可选用焦磷酸钠做稳定剂。
4 轧余率织物上带的液体重量与织物本身重量的百分比。
A 浸轧前织物重；B浸轧后织物重轧余率=(B-A)/A ×100%。
5 Bleaching with other bleaching agents（漂白剂）其他漂白剂6 Bleaching with hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒ(ə)n]peroxide [pə'rɒksaɪd] 过氧化氢的漂白漂白原理：在碱条件下，过氧化氢的分解H2O2 + OH- →HO2- + H2O HO2－是漂白的主要成分，破坏了色素的共轭双键，达到消色漂白的目的。
7 Bleaching with sodium hypochlorite 次氯酸钠的漂白原理：分解产物能使色素中的部分双键饱和，达到消色漂白的目的8 Bleaching with sodium chlorite 亚氯酸钠的漂白原理NaClO2漂白时，HClO2的存在是必要条件，而ClO2可能是漂白的有效成分。
9 Bleaching with other bleaching agents 其他漂白剂过醋酸漂白高锰酸钾漂白臭氧漂白10 Use of fluorescent whitening agents 使用荧光增白剂11 冷轧堆工艺(cold pad-batch process)1室温条件下浸轧工作液，打卷后室温下堆置12～24h，2为了防止布面风干，布卷要用塑料薄膜等材料包裹；3保持布卷在堆置期间一直缓缓转动，以免布卷上部溶液，向下部滴渗而造成处理不均匀；4将汽蒸堆置改为室温堆置，极大地节约了能源和设备的投资，占地面积小；5适合于小批量和多品种的加工要求；工作液中化学药剂的浓度比汽蒸的要高。
12第四章 丝光1 Mercerization （丝光） 丝光是在张力条件下，用浓烧碱溶液处理纤维素纤维纺织品的加工工艺，分为：织物丝光和纱线丝光。
2 Alkali ['ælk əla ɪ]shrinkage ['ʃr ɪŋk ɪd ʒ]（碱缩） 纺织品一松弛的状态经受处理，结果纺织品变得紧密，并富有弹性。
3 Evaluation of the degree of mercerization 丝光等级评定光泽 luster 是衡量丝光织物外观效应的主要指标之一目前多用目测评定（定性）尺寸稳定性Dimensional [d ɪ'men ʃən əl] Stability （如：比较丝光前、后织物的缩水率等） 吸附性能 adsorbancy ：其吸附性能可用丝光钡值来判断钡值法（value of barium ['be ər ɪəm] ）：检验丝光效果的常用方法，钡值越大，丝光效果越好。
钡值＝ 丝光后吸附Ba(OH)2的量 / 丝光前吸附Ba(OH)2的量 ×100钡值＞150表示充分丝光，一般为135～1504 Explain of principle of mercerization 水合理论钠离子是水化程度很强的离子，在钠离子周围的水分子，和它形成很厚的水化层。
当它和纤维素大分子结合时，大量的水分子被带入纤维内部（无定形区和晶区）。
因此，纤维分子链间的空隙增大，纤维发生膨化，形成不可逆的溶胀。
Cell-OH+NaOH Cell-ONa + H2O 5 Donnan 膜平衡原理（渗透压理论）基本观点：棉织物在NaOH 溶液中的溶胀是渗透压作用的结果 把纤维内部看作膜内体系，外部的碱液视为膜外体系 设：作用前：[NaOH] = C2，[NaCl] = C3平衡后膜内：[Cell-O-] = C1，[Na+] = x ，[OH-] = y平衡过程中膜内、外体积相等且不变膜内 膜外[Cell-O-]I [Na+]I [OH-]I [Cl-]I（电性中和）[Na+]I = [Cell-O-]I + [OH-]I + [Cl-]I[Cl-]I = [Na+]I - [Cell-O-]I - [OH-]I[Na+]O = [OH-]O + [Cl-]O [Cl-]O = [Na+]O - [OH-]O C3 + C2 - x X = 令：x ’ = C3 + C2 - x则有：x ’2 = x (x - C1)必然：2x - C1 > 2x ’ （6）C1 x y x-y-C1 [Na+]O [OH-]O [Cl-]O C3+C2-x C2-C1-y C3-x+y+C1x - C1 C3 + C2 - x2x - C1：膜内可移动离子总浓度2x’：膜外离子总浓度由于可移动离子在膜内、外的浓度不同，产生渗透压。