英美概况期末考试Questions for examination

合集下载

《英美概况》期末考试试卷附答案

《英美概况》期末考试试卷附答案一、British Survey Test（20小题*2=40）1. The total area of the U.K.is _____.A. 211,440B.244,110C. 241,410D. 242,5342.England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern3. The most important part of the U.K.in wealth is _____.A.Northern IrelandB.EnglandC. Scotland4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee-estuary.A. WalesB.ScotlandC. England5.Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16th6. By the Act of Union of _____Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707B.1921C. 18017.Physio-graphically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces.A. 13B.12C. 148.Mt.Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. England9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____.A. north to southB. south to northC. east to west10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England.A. ScotlandB.WalesC. Vale of Eden11. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. SevernB.ClydeC. Bann12.London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB.ThamesC. Spey13.Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB.ScotlandC. Wales14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short.A. North SeaB. English ChannelC. Dee estuary15.Mt.Snowdon stands in _____.A. ScotlandB.WalesC. England16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____.A. CotswoldsB.Oxford ClayC. Pennines17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.A. 50%B. 38%C. 42%18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____.A.ScotlandB. EnglandC. Northern Ireland19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.A.1964B.1946C. 169420.Britain is basically an importer of _____.A. foodB. raw materialsC. manufacturesD. both A and B二、American Survey Test（20小题*2=40）21. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.A. easternB. westernC. northeastern22. In eastern _____ lies Death Valley, 85 meters below sea level.A. CaliforniaB.UtahC. Arizona23. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB.Coast RangeC.Cascades Mountains24. The _____ lies between the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia PlateausA.Great BasinB. Colorado ValleyC.Great Plains25. The famous Yellow stone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.A. CaliforniaB.ArizonaC. Wyoming26. The world-known Colorado Valley lies in northern _____, which is cut by the Colorado River.A. ArizonaB.UtahC. Montana27. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB.SuperiorC. Michigan28. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A.FloridaB. GeorgiaC. Virginia29.Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _____ river.A. PotomacB. DelawareC. St. Laurence30. The width of the Niagara Fall is about _____ meters and the drop average _____ meters.A. 1650, 50B. 1240,49C. 1540, 4931. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The western32. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _____.A.IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD.Utah33. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB.PlymouthC. Boston34. About _____ of the world’s annual agricultural pro ducts come from the United States.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirds35. The highest mountain in the U.S.is Mount_____.A. AppalachianB. MekinleyC. Rocky36.Mount Mekinley lies in the_____Range.A.Sierra NevadaB. CascadesC. Alaska37. The two largest China-towns are located in the following cities except _____.A.New YorkB.San FranciscoC. Miami38. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake_____.A. SuperiorB.OntarioC. Victoria39. The world-famous Niagara Falls lies between lakes of _____.A. Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioC. Superior and Haron40. _____ of the America’s territory is covered with forests.A. 1/4B. 1/5C. 1/3三、Explain the following terms(4小题*5=20)1. Christmas2.The Commonwealth3.The House of Commons4.London英美概况参考答案1-5 DCBAA 6-10 CAAAB 11-15 ABBBB 16-20 ABABD21-25 BAAAC 26-30 ACAAB 31-35 BDAAB 36-40CCABA41.ChristmasChristmas is a holiday to memorize the birth of Jesus Christ. It’s on December 25. It’s the most famous and important holiday in western world.42.the CommonwealthIt is a voluntary association of states which is made up mostly of former British colonies. There are 50 members of the Commonwealth, including both developing countries like India and Cyprus and developed countries like Australia and Canada. It is also a forum for continued cooperation and a support network.43.The House of CommonsIt is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives make and debate policy. These MPS (members of parliament) are elected in the general elections and should represent the interests of the people who vote for them.44.LondonThe capital and largest city in the UK. It is dominant in all sorts of ways. It is the cultural and business centre and the headquarters of many big companies. It is also the financial centre of the country and one of the three financial centers in the world.。

英美概况期末考题

英美概况期末考题Questions for the final examination (26items)American Beginnings1.What were the new and powerful social forces which led to the awakening ofEurope and the discovery of America?’p34The first new force was the development of capitalism; the second major force that brought about the modern development of Europe was the Renaissance, which marked a changing outlook on life; the third influential force was the Religious Reformation, a religious reform movement that started from Germany.2.What was the unique American phenomenon? How did it come into being? Doyou think it still exists in today’s American society?The unique American phenomenon is that, on the one hand, the English and other Europeans went to North America for seeking freedom. On the other hand, these very white people who were seeking and fighting for their own freedom deprived black Africans of their freedom.On July 30, 1619, the first meeting of an elected legislature, a representative assembly, was held in Virginia. A month later, still in Virginia, a Dutch ship brought in over 20 Negroes as servants for a term of years to make a start toward the enslavement of Africans within what was to be the American republic.T his phenomenon still exists in today’s American society, such as the racial discrimination.Until now, the black people still receive the unfair prejudice. However, the society in America is full of freedom, especially to the white people. They have a lot ofrights in their life.3.In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?p37-38New England established another American tradition—a strain of often intolerant moralism. The Puritans believed that governments should enforce God's morality. They strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violators of the Sabbath and other religious believers different from themselves. Roger Williams, one of the Puritans who protested that the state should not interfere with religion, was driven out of Massachusetts. In 1635, he set up Rhode Island colony, which guaranteed religious freedom and the separation of church and state. The Puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. The American values such as individualism, hard work, respect of education owe very much to the Puritan beliefs.4.In what way did the pattern of founding of Maryland influence American culture?In 1649, the Maryland Toleration Act, which assured freedom of worship to all who believed in Jesus Christ, was passed. Because the Protestant majority were capitalistic-minded people and refused to carry out the feudal plan, and because the wilderness of North America provided plenty of land while labor was scarce, Maryland like other colonies in North America, followed a capitalist development road, that is to say, America was on a capitalist road.The Political System1.What is a federal system? P52A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each. The Constitution specifiedexactly what power the central government had and which power was reserved for the states.2.How did the delegates from the early British colonies design the constitution?In the course of the Convention, the delegates designed a new form of governme nt for the United States.The plan for the government was written in very simple language in document call ed the Constitution of the United States.The Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government.In writing the constitution ,the delegates deal with two fears shared by most A mericans.3.What were the two main fears shared by Americans while writing the constitutionand how did they deal with them?p52-53One fear was that one person or group, including the majority, might become too powerful or be able to seize control the country and create a tyranny. To guard agai nst this possibility, the delegates set up a government consisting of three parts, or branches, the executive, the legislative and the judicial. Each branch has a way of counteracting and limiting any wrongful action by another branch.Another fear was that the new central government might weaken or take away the power of the state government to run their own affairs. To deal with this the Consti tution specified exactly what power the central government had and which power wa s reserved for the state. The state governments were allowed to run their own governments as they wished, provided that their governments were republicans. 4.What is the ExecutiveBranch?P54The chief executive of the United State is the president, who, together with th e vice president, is elected to a four-year term. Under a Constitutional Amendment passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only two terms. Except for the right o f succession to the presidency, the vice president’s only constitution duties are to s erve as the presiding officer of the Senate; the vice president may vote in the Sena te only in the event of a tie.5.What is the Bill of Rights? Why is it necessary to write the Bill of Rightsexplicitly into the US Constitution?It’s another basic foundation in Americans’ constitution. It consists of 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government. Each paragraph is an amendment to the original Constitution.The Bill of Rights and subsequent constitutional amendments guarantee the American people the fullest possible opportunity to enjoy fundamental human rights.In the Bill of Rights, Americans are guaranteed freedom of religion, of speech a nd of the press.They have a right to assemble in public places, to protest government actions, and to demand change.They have the right to own weapons if they wish.Because of the Bill of rights, either police nor soldiers can stop and search a person without good reason. They also cannot search a person’s home without a legal permission from a court.Economy1.What is the current economic position of America in theworld?2.What are the five stages of industrial development?p65-67One key development was the introduction of the factory system;A second deve lopment was the "American system"of mass production;A third development was the application of new technologies to industrial tasks;A fourth development was the em ergency of new forms of business organization;Finally,the construction of railroads began,marking the start of a new era for the United States.3.What are the roots of affluence in America?P69Bountiful resources,the geographical size of the country and population trends h ave all contributed to these successes.Religious, social and political traditions;the in stitutional structures of government and business;and the courage,hard work and de termination of countless entrepreneurs and workers have also played a part.4.What are the main sectors of industry in America? Name some of the importantcities representing each sector.Manufacturing : ChicagoAviation : Dallas and HoustonCar industry : DetroitHigh tech industry : Los Angeles and San FranscicoService industries. New York and SeattleHeavy Industry : PittsburghEducation1.How did America change the way of education to teach the children to be worldcitizens? P122In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that the practice ofsegregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional. Between 1950 and 1960, more new knowledge was developed than in all of the world’s history before 1950.Schools were asked not only to teach this new information, but to help students ask their own questions about it. More science courses were added to the curriculum.The federal government began to spend millions for the development of new science curricula and for training teachers to use them.2.How do Americans apply for a university? p1233.What are the categories of higher institutions in America? p123The university, the four-year undergraduate institution, the technical training institution, the two-year, or community college4.What factors that determine the best prestige of a university?P124T he factors determine whether an institution is prestigious are quality of teaching f aculty , quality of research facilities ,amount of funding available for libraries ,speci al programs and the competence and the number of applicants for admission and how selective the institution can be in choosing its students.5.How to select a college or a university? Name all the members of the Ivy League.When selecting a college or a university , you should take the following factors in to account :<1>a school’s entrance requirements (and its fees)<2>degrees the school offer and how long it takes to earn<3>curricula a college or university offers and req uirements for earning a degree <4> public institution or private one .Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College,Harvard University, Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale University.6.Explain why Americans respect education.In America, education is a national concern, a state responsibility and a local function.7.What degrees do undergraduate colleges and graduate schools offer?undergraduate colleges:bachelor’s degreegraduate schools: master’s or a doctoral’s degree8.What are the functions of the boards of education?They make policies for schools at the state and district level, also, make decisions about the school curriculum, teacher standards and certification, and the overall measurement of student progress.American Way of Life1.What are the stereotypes about the USA?<1>All Americans are rich. <2>American society is violent.<3>American familiesare in disarray . <4>Americans are all religious .<5>Americans are optimistic.2.What are the metaphors that have been used as the national self-images and why didthey lose their credibility?<1>“the melting pot" because its anglophilic values no longer held for a clear majority of the people.<2>"salad bowl " because the characteristics of different culture quickly dec ay .<3> "mosaic " because an image for a nation should imply changes of any one of its co mponents . But the mosaic ,once made ,never change.<4>"kaleidoscope" because the k aleidoscopic changestoo problematically ,so it is difficult to make people take it seriou sly.4.Why is the Internet an up-to-date metaphor used to encapsulate the USA?Because the Internet has several characteristics that seem consonant with the USAtoday . <1>The WWW has no center. <2>No one is reliably in charge . <3>Each individual must take the responsibility for what he or she takes seriously.All of them important features of the American way of life .4.Why is America said to be a society of violence? What is the NRA?About 25% of Americans own a gun, which is often associated with high crime rate and the threat of violence is often played up by the news media.The NRA, which is short for the National Rifle Association, is a US private organization that has mad great efforts to protect the right of US citizens to freely own and use guns.5.What are the reasons for the changing marriage pattern in the USA? What is its effect on USA way of life? P170Since the introduction of “no-fault”divorce laws in the late 1970s, America’s divorce rate has been about 50%. Since most divorced people remarry at some point, many families blend together children from different parents. Somewhat less than half of American children today are raised with and by their birth-parents.The effect of these shifting marriage patterns is to diminish the authority of parents in relation to their children. Traditional values do not transmit readily from one generation to the next, reducing the chances for a national consensus on public issues.。

英美概括试题

英美概况试题　一. 单项选择题 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first Amendments to the Constitution.A. tenB. eleven c. twelve d. thirteen 2. The President of the United StAtes is heAd of the BrAnch.A. legislAtiveB. executive c. judiciAl d. pArty 3. The EmAncipAtion ProclAmAtion wAs issued By during the Civil WAr.A. George WAshingtonB. ABrAhAm Lincolnc. ThomAs Jeffersond. FrAnklin Roosevelt 4. The 1920s in the United StAtes hAs Been descriBed As A period of .A. culturAl revivAlB. loss of purpose c. development in science And technology d. mAteriAl success And spirituAl frustrAtion 5. It wAs who first cAlled NAtive AmericAns “IndiAns”.A. LincolnB. ColumBus c. WAshington d. Jefferson 6. The United StAtes did not join the Second World WAr directly untilA. GreAt DepressionB. PeArl HArBor incidentc. the JApAnese AttAck on ChinAd. the GermAn AttAck on PolAnd 7. When we speAk of “fAther of wAters” or “old mAn river”，we Are referring to . A. the ColorAdo River B . the Ohio Riverc. the Missouri Riverd. the Mississippi River 8. Celts were different groups of Ancient people who cAme originAlly from .A. FrAnceB. DenmArk c. IrelAnd d. GermAny 9. The DeclArAtion of Independence wAs Adopted By the ContinentAl Congress on July 4， .A. First/1774B. First /1776 c. Second/1774 d. Second/1776 10. The British recorded history Begins with .A. the ArrivAl And settlement of CeltsB. the NormAn Conquestc. RomAn invAsiond. Viking And DAnish invAsions 11. The predecessor of the English pArliAment is .A. the GreAt councilB. the WitAnc. the House of PlAntAgenetd. MAgnA CArtA 12. Civil Rights Movement hAppened in .A. the 1960sB. the 1950s c. the 1940s d. the 1930s 13. The ，the BAckBone of the North AmericAn continent，is Also known As the ContinentAl Divide.A. AppAlAchiAnsB. Rockiesc. Blue Ridge MountAinsd. GreAt Smokies 14. To help the British EAst IndiA CompAny out of difficulty，the British government Allowed the compAny to sell At A lower price in the colonies through its own people.A. coffeeB. spice c. silk d. teA 15. ABout hAlf of the BritAin’s trAde is with .A. the United StAtesB. South-eAst AsiAc. the ECd. the LAtin AmericA 16. The House of Commons consists of MemBers of PArliAment.A. 651B. 1，200 c. 1，198 d. 763 17. Most AmericAns lived in .A. city AreAsB. countryside c. mountAin AreAs d. river vAlleys 18. The British PArliAment hAs A mAximum durAtion of yeArs.A. fourB. six c. eight d. five 19. Of the five GreAt LAkes on the Border Between CAnAdA And the United StAtes， is the only one entirely in the U. S.A. LAke HuronB. LAke OntArio c. LAke MichigAn d. LAke Erie 20. The ChArtist Movement wAs officiAlly lAunched AtA greAt meeting in BirminghAm in ，with the Aim of pressing the PArliAment to Accept the People’s ChArter.A. 1836B. 1838 c. 1840 d. 1842 二.是非题 ReAd the following stAtements cArefully And decide if eAch of them is True or FAlse：（20 points）（）1. The Articles of ConfederAtion is the oldest written constitution in the world. （）2. AmericA is A nAme given By ColumBus. （）3. The United Kingdom is A federAl，not A unitAry stAte. （）4. The Anglo-SAxon Conquest wAs importAnt in English history BecAuse it lAid the foundAtion on which the English nAtion wAs to Be formed. （）5. To the west of GreAt BritAin is the second lArgest islAnd known As ScotlAnd. （）6. The checks And BAlAnce system in AmericA wAs BAsed on division of power. （）7. London，the cApitAl of the UK，is situAted on the Severn River neAr its mouth. （）8. The GreAt ChArter wAs signed in 1215 By King John. （）9. JAmes I wAs the king who wAs executed during the English Bourgeois Revolution. （）10. The ChArtist Movement finAlly succeeded And it constituted A glorious pAge in the history of the workers’ struggle for liBerAtion. （）11. GrAmmAr schools emphAsize AcAdemic studies And teAch A wide rAnge of suBjects. （）12. MemBers of PArliAment （MPs）Are those who inherit the noBle titles. （）13. British people chose FrAnklin Roosevelt As Prime Minister in 1940 when the W.W. II Broke out. （）14. Henry VII wAs responsiBle for the founding the Church of EnglAnd. （）15. The destruction of the SpAnish ArmAdA not only estABlished the position of EnglAnd As A mAjor seA power But Also pAved the wAy for its foreign expAnsion. （）16. It wAs the Angles who gAve their nAme to EnglAnd And the English people. （）17. The first successful English colony in North AmericA wAs plAnted in VirginiA in 1620. （）18. The WArs of the Roses Affected the ordinAry people very much. （）19. The Queen formAlly Appoints All government office holders except the Prime Minister. （）20. The Hundred YeAr’s WAr refers to the intermittent wAr Between FrAnce And EnglAnd thAt lAsted from 1337 to 1453. 三. 名词解释 ExplAin the following terms in English：（20 points） 1. The GreAt Depression 2. IndustriAl Revolution 3. Melting Pot 4. BlAck DeAth 5. AmericAn Constitution 四. 简答题 Give An one-sentence Answer to eAch of the following questions. （10 points） 1. When wAs the Second WAr with EnglAnd in AmericAn history？ 2. WhAt Are the two mAjor politicAl pArties in BritAin？ 3. WhAt is the generAl climAte in BritAin？ 4. Which AmericAn president wAs involved in WAtergAte AffAir？ 5. WhAt is the most importAnt river in BritAin？五.论述题 Write Between 100-150 words on the following topic：（10 points） NormAn Conquest And its influence？答案一. 1~5 ABBdB 6~10 Bdddc 11~15 AABdc 16~20AAdcB 二. 1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT 三. 1.On OctoBer 24，1929，the AmericAn stock mArket crAshed. Billions of dollArs of pAper profits werewiped out within A few hours. This led to A long economic depression. 2. The IndustriAl Revolution refers to the mechAnizAtion of industry And the consequences in sociAl And economic orgAnizAtion in BritAin in the lAte 18th And eArly 19th centuries. BritAin wAs the first country to industriAlize. The IndustriAl Revolution in BritAin first BegAn in the textile industry. 3. Since the United StAtes is A nAtion of mAny ethnic groups，it is Also known As A “melting pot，” meAning immigrAnts from different nAtions All over the world hAve mixed to mAke up the AmericAn nAtion. 4. BlAck DeAth wAs the modern nAme given to the deAdly BuBonic plAgue，An epidemic diseAse spreAd By rAt fleAs. It spreAd through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through EnglAnd in the summer of 1348 without wArning. It killed mAny people. As A result of the plAgue，much lAnd wAs left untended And there wAs A terriBle shortAge of lABor. 5. The Constitution of the United StAtes is the BAsic instrument of AmericAn government And the supreme lAw of the lAnd. It is the oldest written constitution in theworld. It wAs drAwn up in 1787 And went into effect in 1789. It founded federAlism And introduced checks And BAlAnces into government for the first time in history. 四. 1. The Second WAr Between AmericA And EnglAnd wAs during 1812~1814. 2. The two mAjor politicAl pArties in BritAin Are ConservAtive PArty And LABor PArty. 3. BritAin enjoys mAritime climAte. 4. RichArd Nixon wAs involved in WAtergAte ScAndAl. 5. The most importAnt river in BritAin is ThAmes River. 五. In 1066 the Army of WilliAm，Duke of NormAndy，defeAted King HArold’s troops. He wAs crowned King of EnglAnd. He then Built A string of defense cAstle ensure his militAry control of the whole country. This is the NormAn Conquest in British history. After the NormAn Conquest，WilliAm the Conqueror confiscAted Almost All the lAnd And gAve it to his NormAn followers. He replAced the weAk SAxon rule with A strong NormAn government. So the feudAl system wAs completely estABlished，EnglAnd. RelAtions with the Continent were opened. ThecivilizAtion And commerce were extended. NormAn-French culture，lAnguAge，mAnners，And Architecture ere introduced.。

成人教育《《英美概况》试题》期末考试复习题及答案评分标准

邯郸学院2018级函授本科《英美概况》试题姓名学号成绩年级专业（本试卷满分100分，考试时间110分钟）一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1. The hugest mountain peak in Britain is called _____.A. Ben Nevis.B. Cross FellC. SnowdownD. Scafell2. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth3. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois Revolution4. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive partly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all5. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining industry6. The US Federal Government is composed of the following except _____.A. the legislativeB. the standing committeeC. the judicialD. the executive7. Of all the symbols, _______ , which are considered to represent fertility and new life: are those most frequently associated with Easter.A. the pumpkin and the turkeyB. the lamb and the beefC. the spring peas and the potatoesD. the egg and the rabbit8. The dominant ethnic group in the US is ____.A. the BlacksB. W ASPsC. Asian AmericansD. Hispanics9. The American Industrial Revolution began in 1807 with its ____ industry.A. shipbuildingB. coal-miningC. textileD. machine-making.10. The US imperialism was marked all of the following except ____.A. high developed industryB. high concentration of the capitalC. free business enterpriseD. overseas territorial expansion二、判断题（每小题1分，共10分）____ 1. The longest river in Britain is the Severn river.____ 2. The general election in America is held every 5 years.____ 3. With regard to its size, the USA is the fourth largest country in the world.____ 4. The House of Lord is the upper house of the British Parliament.____ 5. The established church of Britain is the Church of England.____ 6. Today about 90% of Americans are church members in the United States.____ 7. The American War of Independence started in 1775 and ended in 1783.____ 8. British Recorded history began with Roman invasion.____ 9. Under Mrs. Thatcher, British economy in 1980s gradually declined.____ 10. The colonial life can be described as easy.三、填空题（每空2分，共30分）1. Britain is separated from the European Continent by the North ______, the Strait of _________ and the English _________.2. Most of the British social customs are based on the __________ tradition.3. The Hundred Years’ War was between ___________ and ____________.4. __________ is the capital of England and of Great Britain, the political center of the Commonwealth.5. Renaissance was a ___________ movement that arose with the rise of the ____________.6. The United States of America is made up of ________states.7. The period of colonization covered the years from _________to_________, that is, from the first settlement of English colonists to the ____________of America.8. The distinctive feature of the American educational system is its “emphasis on education of the __________rather than on education of the ___________.”四、名词解释（每小题5分，共20分）1.Independent schools2.William the Conqueror3.Checks and balances4.the Bill of Rights五、问答题（每小题10分，共20分）1. What is a constitutional monarchy?2. What are the functions of Parliament?。

英美概况期末试卷标准答案

《英美概况》期末试卷标准答案2007－2008学年第1学期B卷I. Fill in the following blanks with appropriate words or expressions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (20 points)1. Lords Commons2. English Welsh3. the Vice President4. The United States5. Oxford Cambridge6. Labor Party7. every four 8. Civil War9. Industrial Revolution 10. common lawsII. T ranslate the following terms into English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (15 points)1. 英吉利海峡the English Channel2. 凯尔特人Celt3. 复活节Easter4. 国教established church5. 成文宪法written constitution6. 下院议长Mr. Speaker7. 否决权 a veto power8. 美国南北战争the Civil War9. 国务院the Department of State10. 哈佛大学Harvard UniversityIII. T ranslate the following terms into Chinese. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (15 points)1. the British Isles 大不列颠群岛2. the Conservative Party 保守党3. constitutional monarchy 君主立宪制4. the New Deal 新政5. separation of powers 三权分立6. the House of Representatives 众议院7. Glorious Revolution 光荣革命8. public school 公学9. American Declaration of Independence 美国独立宣言10. the Mississippi River 密西西比河IV. Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (20 points)1. 1) pass laws2) provide revenues by voting for taxation3) examine government policy and administration4) debate on the major issues of the day2. They are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.3. It is the third-largest country in the world in population and the fourth-largest country in area.4. 1) more fogs or smog in winter2) more rainy days but less sunny days3) instability or changeability, all the seasons are very variableV. Answer the question in Chinese. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points)没有统一答案。

英美国家概况试题

英美国家概况试题English-speaking Countries Final ExamPlease answer all the questions.Exam 70%Daily performance: 30%Total: 100%Anyone caught cheating by taking notes, books, IPhones etc. into the exam or by copying another student’s work will receive a score of ze ro.Please write your name, class number and student number clearly on your answer sheet and number your answers sequentially.Please DO NOT write anything on this question paper, anything written on this question paper will not be marked.Please do not turn over this page or start until you are told to do so.Time allowed: 60 minutes1. What is Geoffrey Chaucer’s masterpiece?a) Beowulfb) The Merchant of Venicec) The Canterbury Talesd) Hamlet2. Waiting for Godot is written by:a) Samuel Beckettb) George Orwellc) William Goldingd) D. H. Lawrence3. Which is NOT a category for Shakespeare’s plays?a) Romanceb) Comedyc) Tragedyd) Historical play4. Who wrote “Great Expectations”?a) Jane Austenb) Charlotte Brontec) Oscar Wilded) Charles Dickens5. What proportion of the island of Ireland does the Republic ofIreland occupy?a) One-sixth b) one-third c) five-sixth d) half6. What was the law which merged Ireland and Great Britain tocreate the UK called?a) Act of Unionb) Act of Britainc) Act of Irelandd) Act of Merger7. Which is NOT one of the main political parties in Ireland?a) Fianna Failb) Liberalsc) Fine Gaild) Labour8. What is the water on the west of Australia called?a) Arafura Seab) Indian Oceanc) South China Sead) Pacific Ocean9. What is the lowest point in Australia?a) Lake Eyreb) The Great Artesian Basinc) Mount Kosciuszkod) The Great Victoria Desert10. The Commonwealth of Australia was established in?a) 1847 b) 1885 c) 1900 d) 190111. Australia completely abolished the White Australia Policyduring the government of __________.a) Earle Paige b) Gough Whitlam c) Joseph Lyonse) Stanley Bruce12. The Howard government’s foreign polici es were based onrelations with which four countries?a) USA, Japan, UK, Chinab) USA, Japan, China, Indonesiac) USA, Japan, UK, Indonesiad) USA. UK, China, Indonesia13. Who were the first people to arrive in Australia?a) Anglo-Saxonsb) Red Indiansc) Aboriginesd) Maoris14. Who has executive power in Australia?a) The Queenb) The Prime Ministerc) The Presidentd) The Governor-General15. Which city is the capital of Australia?a) Canberrab) Sydneyc) Melbourned) Adelaide16. ________________ is often referred to as “our third island”of New Zealand.a) Polynesiab) The North Islandc) The South Islandd) The Stewart Island17. Who were the first people to arrive on the islands of New Zealand?a) Maorisb) Europeansc) Australiansd) Chinese18. New Zealand was granted internal self-government in ______a) 1840 b) 1852 c) 1893 d) 190719. Schooling in New Zealand is compulsory between the ages of:a) 6 – 12 b) 6 – 14 c) 6 – 16 d) 6 – 1820. Which party is regarded as the first real party in New Zealandpolitics?a) Labour Party b) National Party c) New Zealand Firste) Liberal Party21. Which is the wettest part of New Zealand?a) The east coast of the South Islandb) The west coast of the South Islandc) The east coast of the North Islandd) The west coast of the North Island22. Which is the first country to declare sign language as an officiallanguage?a) UKb) Republic of Irelandc) Australiad) New Zealand23. How many terms does the school year in New Zealand have?a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 524. The USA is the ______ largest country in the world.a) second b) third c) fourth d) fifth25. The state of ________ is the largest in area of all the USAstates.a) Alaska b) Hawaii c) Texas d) Florida26. The longest river in the USA is ___________a) Missouri River b) Mississippi Riverc) Ohio River d) Lake Itasca27. The Immigration Act 1924 restricted further immigration intothe USA particularly from _____________a) Europe b) Asia c) Africa d) South America28. The Seven Years War was fought between _______a) the French and American Indiansb) the French and the Spanishc) the French and the Britishd) the British and the American Indians29. In May 1775, what was held in Philadelphia and began toassume the functions of a provisional government?a) The first Continental Congressb) The second Continental Congressc) The Boston Tea Partyd) The Congress of Confederation30. Abraham Lincoln issued the ________ to grant freedomto all slaves.a) Declaration of Independenceb) Constitutionc) Emancipation Proclamationd) Bill of Rights31. The Vietnam War continued throughout the terms ofPresidents ________a) Johnson, Nixon and Fordb) Truman, Eisenhower and Kennedyc) Kennedy, Johnson and Nixond) Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson32. The USA Constitution gives ______a) most power to Congressb) most power to the Presidentc) tries to give each branch enough power to balance the otherse) most power to the Supreme Court33. The Bill of Rights __________a) defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the Presidentb) guarantees citizens of the USA specific individualrights and freedomsc) is part of the Declaration of Independenced) has no relationship with the Constitution34. __________ recognised Quebec as a “distinct society”?a) the Meech Lake Accordb) the Quebec Actc) the Constitutional Actd) the British North America Act35. Who was Canada’s first woman Prime Minister?a) Pierre Trudeaub) Brian Mulroneyc) Jean Chretiend) Kim Campbell36. How many time zones are there in Canada?a) 3 b) 6 c) 4 d) 537. Which city is the capital of Canada?a) Toronto b) Montreal c) Ottawa d) Vancouver38. What is Canada’s political system called?a) the Westminster systemb) the Washington systemc) the Canada systemd) the federation system39. Who are the only two Canadian citizens who cannot vote in elections?a) The Governor-General and the Prime Ministerb) The Lieutenant Governor and the Premierc) The Supreme Court judge and Appeal Courtjudged) The Chief Electoral Officer and the DeputyChief Electoral Officer40. What are the two predominant languages inCanada?a) English and Germanb) English and Spanishc) English and Frenchd) English and Italian。

《英美国家概况》考试题

《英语国家文化》期末考试试I。

Multiple Choice (20％)1。

The highest mountain peak in Britain is called ______ __.［A] Ben Nevis［B］Cross Fell［C］Snowdon[D] Scafell2。

The Lake District is well-known for________。

[A］its wild and beautiful scenery［B] its varied lakes［C］the lake Poets[D] all of the above three3。

Which of the following is NOT the feature of Br itish climate？［A] Coldness。

［B] More rainy days.［C］Changeability .[D］More fogs。

4。

The established church of Britain is ________。

［A］The Church of Scotland［B] Free churches[C］The United Reformed Church[D］The Church of England5.Easter is kept，commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.［A］coming[B] birth[C] death［D］resurrection6.Under Mrs。

Thatcher，British economy in 1980s gradu ally ____C__[A］declined［B］recessed[C］recovered［D] went down7.Tertiary industry does NOT include ________.[A］retailing[B］insurance［C] electronics[D］banking8.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ________.［A］the Queen[B] the Prime Minister[C] the House of Commons［D] the House of Lords9。

整理英语国家概况期末考试题型及复习要点

英语国家概况期末考试题型及复习要点I.Fill in the blanks. （20 points，1 point for each）II.Multiple choice questions. (20 points，1 point for each）III.True or False。

（10 points，1 point for each）IV.Explain the following terms: （25 points, 5 points for each）V.Answer the questions。

（25 points, 5 points for each）填空、选择和判断正误部分：关注所学英美国家内容中的重点史实和重要知识要点。

名词解释部分:1.British CommonwealthAlso known as the Commonwealth of Nations。

a)It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.b)It was established in 1931，replacing the former British Empire.c)Member nations are joined together economically and have certain trading arrangements。

d)Today there are about 50 member countries within the Commonwealth2. Lake PoetsThe Lake Poets are a group of English poets who all lived in the Lake District of England and were inspired by it to create romantic works at the turn of the 19th century。

英美概况期末考试复习资料

《英美概况》期末考试复习资料Explanation of termsThe Easter Rebellion of 1916: In 1916, Irish nationalists, with German aid, staged an armed rebellion in Dublin, which marked the beginning of Irish War of Independence.Euroscepticism: a general term for opposition to the process of European Integration.Europeanism: the concept of, or assertion, that the people of Europe have a distinct collective cultural identity within the larger context of Western culture, where the culture and politics of United States often dominatesBaby Boom: A sudden, large increase in the birthrate, especially the one in the United States after World War II from 1947 through 1961. Megalopolis : a small set of great constellations of polycentric urban zones, each complexly interlocked socially and physically with its neighbors.The Cold War：the continuing state of conflict, tension and competition that existed primarily between the United States and the Soviet Union and those countries' respective allies from the mid-1940s to the early 1990s. Hate CrimesWords or actions motivated by the race, religion, ethnicity or sexual bias of the victim.American DreamA phrase connoting hope for prosperity and happiness, symbolized particularly by having a house of one’s own. At first ap plied to the hopes of immigrants, the phrase now applies to all except the very rich and suggests a confident hope that one’s children’s economic and social condition will be better than one’s own.William the ConquerorWilliam was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christmas Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.the Emancipation ProclamationDuring the Civil war, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to get more support for the Union at home and abroad. It granted freedom to all slaves.Answering questionsWhat is the relationship between the British parliament and the cabinet?(1)The parliament is sovereign in legislative which examines and controls the cabinet.(2)The cabinet is responsible to the parliament.(3)Once losing the support of the parliament(getting a vote of no confidence), the cabinet has to either resign or suggest the monarch to dissolve the parliament and hold the General election ahead of schedule.Talk about the checks and balance between the three branches of American government.(chapter 9 PPT Page44-45)the president v.s. Congress:1.Only when the president signs, can a proposed law be put into effect. The president can veto it, but if 2/3 of Congress members vote in favor of it, the law will be passed.2.Only when the Senate approves, can the president make foreign treaties and appoint government officials.3.Congress can appropriate money and levy taxes.4.The president shall report to Congress annually----the president’s State of Union address.5.Congress can impeach and remove the president.6.The president is not responsible to Congress, but to the voters. Members of Congr ess or government officials can’t hold office in both branches. The president has no right to dissolve Congress.Congress v.s. the courts1.If the Supreme Court confirms a passed law as unconstitutional, the lawwill be no longer in effect.2.Congress can impeach the judges, create lower federal courts. President v.s. the courts1.The president appoints the justices of the Supreme Court, can grant pardons to federal offenders (impeachment excluded), meanwhile the justices hold office for life unless impeached.2.The Supreme Court can declare the president’s executive order invalid if it considers the order as unconstitutional.The Norman Conquest’s consequencesThe Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history.a. William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England.b. Relations with the Continent were opened, and the civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners and architecture were introduced.c. After Norman invasion, a variant of Old English (a variety of Germanic dialects) was developed without many word changes and with a large number of new vocabulary from Latin, French and Old English.d. The king was bound by the feudal customs and the common law.e. The Church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civil courts. But this was also the beginning of the centuries’long struggle between the English king and the Pope.Talk about the Wars of the Roses and their influences.The War of the Roses refers to the battles between the House of Lancaster, symbolized by the red rose, and that of York, symbolized by the white, from 1455 to 1485. Henry Tudor, descendant of Duke of Lancaster won victory in 1485 and put the country under the rule of the Tudors. From these Wars, English feudalism received its death blow. The great medieval nobility was much weakened.Talk about the content and significance of the New Deal.The New Deal was a program of “Relief, Recovery and Reform” for a series of economic and social changes in the US.Its goals were to help people who had lost their jobs or their property as a result of the Great Depression, to fund farmers and form a framework of public works.It laid the foundation for a national system of old-age, unemployment and disability insurance.The New Deal was a major turning point in American history by establishing the federal government’s strong role in the nation’s economic affairs.Explain ThatcherismMrs. Thatcher firmly believed in self-reliance and privatization. Her polices are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It includes the return to private ownership of state-owned industries, the reduction of taxes, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order. Under her leadership politics in the UK became much more right-wing.Talk about the influence of the Vietnam War on the US.The Vietnam War had profound effects on American society and US foreign policy.The war had polarized many of America’s young people who increasingly become more disillusioned and radical during the war.As public distrust of the government’s foreign policy increased, Americans showed growing concern over the neglected areas of domestic policy. Inflation, the direct result of the cost of the Vietnam War, was the worst the nation had experienced since WWII.The war had adverse effects for the US internationally as well. While the US devoted billions of dollars annually to military expenditures, the Japanese economy developed at an unprecedented rate. European nations doubted America’s reliability, and revolutionary leaders in the developing nations mocked America’s policies.。

英美概况试题2

英美概况试题2I. Direction: Read the following unfinished statements of questions carefully. For each unfinished statement of question four suggested answers A; B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your answer sheet (25%)1. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. OneB. TwoC. ThreeD. four2. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _______.A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the landC. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765.A. Abraham DarbyB. James WattC. John KayD. Richard Arkwright4. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ________.A. growing cropB. producing milkC. catching fishD. rearing poultry5. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established _______ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921.A. the Anglican Church of IrelandB. the Irish Free StateC. the Irish Republican ArmyD. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council7. Irish broadcasting began in ______ in a small studio called Dublin Broadcasting Station.A. 1906B. 1916C. 1926D. 19368. _______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.A. Frederick DouglassB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Abraham Lincoln9. But even after the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against ______.A. Chinese - AmericansB. American IndiansC. Japanese - AmericansD. black Americans10. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was ______ percent in the United States.A. 1.1B. 2.1C. 3.1D. 4.111. After a period of prosperity (1920 ~ 1929), government involvement in the economy increased _________.A. during the Great DepressionB. after the WW IC. after the WW IID. during the Cold War12. The United States grows nearly _____ of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world. A. one third B. one fourth C. one sixth D. one seventh13. Through the Department of _____, the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States. A. State B. Justice C. Labor D. Defense14. The community college embodies ________ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal.A. George Washington'sB. Thomas Jefferson'sC. Abraham Lincoln'sD. Franklin Roosevelt's15. The exploratory voyage made by ______ brought to a close to an era of European discovery of Australia that had lasted nearly two hundred years. A. Arthur Philip B. Mathew Flinders C. Port Jackson D. Peter Lalor16. After the outbreak of the First World War, Australia followed Britain's lead and declared war on ________.A. JapanB. TurkeyC. ItalyD. Germany17. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the ______ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16thD. 17th18. Northern provinces and territories tale up _____ of Canada.A. HalfB. two thirdsC. one thirdD. four fifths19. In New Zealand, hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies ________ of total energy.A. 15%B. 16%C. 17%D. 18%20. In the United States, Halloween is night - time ______ holiday.A. children'sB. men'sC. women'sD. old men's21. Australia is generally divided into the following three topographical regions except _____.A. the Great Western PlateauB. the OutbackC. the Eastern HighlandsD. the Central Eastern Lowlands22. In Britain the succession order of the Crown can be altered only by common consent of _____.A. all members of the royal familyB. the House of Lords and the House of CommonsC. cabinet and ministryD. the countries of the Commonwealth23. New Zealand is the world's largest exporters of ________.A. LambB. ExpertiseC. HoneyD. potatoes24. Today _____ is Ireland's most influential daily.A. the Irish PressB. the Irish IndependenceC. the Irish TimesD. the Irish Daily25. In the United States, _____ is a leading commercial crop in the South.A. CottonB. TobaccoC. PeanutD. appleII. Directions Read each of the following statements carefully and see if it is true of false. Put T if you think it is true of F if you think it is false in the corresponding space on you answer sheet. (15%)1. ______ William Walworth launched the Peasant Revolt of 1381 in England.2. ______ In the English Civil War, the Puritans were not the King's opponents.3. ______ The Chartists could be roughly divided into two groups: the Moral Force Chartists and the Physical Force Chartists.4. ______ In Britain, changes of Government do not involve changes in departmental staff, who continue to carry out their duties whichever party is in power.5. ______ The British criminal law presumes the innocence of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt.6. ______ As committed to the goal of a united Ireland, Dublin refuses to negotiate a settlement of the problem of Northern Ireland with London.7. ______ After the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was never practiced against black Americans.8. ______ When the Korean War broke out in June, 1950, Truman sent the 7th Fleet to the Taiwan Straits to prevent the PLA from liberating Taiwan.9. ______ Canada possesses rich and vast natural resources which are significant in the Canadian economy.10. ______ The rich green mountains and valleys make New Brunswick Nova Scotia, Prince Edward island, and Newfoundland the most beautiful in Canada.11. ______ The minerals and energy industry is supplementary to the Australian economy.12. ______ Captain Matthew Flinder's exploratory voyage to Australia between 1802 and 1803 brought a close to an era of European discovery.13. ______ In 1995, about 14% of the US population lived under the poverty line.14. ______ In 1948, Ireland voted itself out of the British Common wealth.15. ______ Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, secondary and higher education.III. Directions: For each of the following blanks, only one word is suitable. Write the word in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)1. The England Civil War not only overthrew _____ in England, but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe.2. Two of the most important literary writers of the late 17th Century England were _____ and _____. Both were Puritans.3. During the WW II, the leaders of the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain met at ______, _______ and_______ conferences.4. The American War of Independence show that a ______ nation can defeat a _______ one.5. Canada's early economic development was founded on a number of resource - based ______: fishing, forestry,_______ and mining.6. Britain is a welfare state which is funded out of ______ and ______.7. The government education departments _____ education policies and are also responsible for the ________ and training of teachers.8. The South's lending industries are those that make use of the _______ supply of natural resources and _____ materials.9. The Senate serves a term of _____ years, and every two years, _______ of the Senators stands for re - election.10. Fianna Fail continues to demand that the British be withdrawn from ______ but it opposes the use of violence to achieve this goal.11. Australia's two territories are Australian Capital Territory and ________.12. Australia's rural children can learn their lessons through a radio educational system called _____.13. According to the Treaty of Waitangi, if Maori owners wanted to sell _______, only the Crown had the right to______.14. Mrs. Thatcher's government used both _____ and _______ policies to improve the efficiency of the British economy in the 1980's.15. In 1885 ________ was completed and the country was linked from coast to coast.16. Ireland is a ______ republic and a unitary state under the 1937 Constitution.17. The highest peak of Britain is ______. It is about ________ meters high, located in the Highlands of Scotland.18. ________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.19. In the 1770s _______ visited New Zealand and claimed it for England.20. The New York Stock Market crash of 1929 marked the beginning of ________.21. By 1918 car _______ had reached 2.5 million, which showed the United States was on the way to becoming a nation on ______.22. The Paris Conference ending the First World War was dominated by the Big Four: the United States, _______, France, and _______.23. Many of Canada's earliest settlements were founded by fur traders and _______.24. Besides the Great Lakes, Canada is also endowed with three "inland seas", known as _______, Lake Winnipeg and ________.25. In the UK, the party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House becomes _______, with is one leader, and forms a ________.26. The Governor - General of a Commonwealth state is appointed by the Queen on the advice of ______ of the country concerned and completely independent of the British Government.27. In 1453 England was at last defeated in the ______ Years War. At that time power in England was in the hands ofa number of rich and ______ nobles.28. During the First Civil War of the England Bourgeois Revolution, those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts.29. The legislative body in the province of Quebec is called the "National Assembly" while in Newfoundland it is called ________.30. Canadian law has its source in ______ and judicial _____, and also in British "common law".31. During World War II, Australian women took over the _______ left vacant by men who were engaged in the_______ effort.IV. Directions: Explain the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (15%)1. Thatcherism2. diversity of American education3. the Canadian Shield4. Australia's service industries5. the New DealV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (12%)1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges, rivers and lakes in the United States.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today?How many members are there in the House of Commons?3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines?4. Sinn FeinVI. Directions: Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (8%)1. Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?英语国家概况参考答案I.1. C2. B3.B4. D5. A6. B7. C8. D9. D 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. B16. D 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. AII.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. T6. F7. F8. T9. T 10. T 11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15. TIII.1.the feudal system2. John Bunyon, John Milton3. Teheran; Yalta; Potsdam4. Strong5. industry; agriculture6. contributions national insurance, taxation7. formulate; supply8. abundant; raw 9. one, one third 10. Northern Ireland 11. Northern Territory 12. School of the air13. land; buy 14. macreconomic, microeconomic 15. the Canadian Pacific Railway 16. Parliamentary17. Ben Nevis; 1,3000 18. England 19. Captain James Cook 20. the Great Depression21. registration; wheels 22. Britain; Italy 23. Trappers 24. Great Bear Lake; Great Slave Lake25. the Opposition, Shadow cabinet 26. the ministers 27. Hundred, ambitious28. Cavaliers, Roundheads 29. House of Assembly 30. Acts; decisions 31. jobs, warsIV.1. ThatcherismThe election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It included the return to private ownership of state - owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, thestrengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order.2. diversity of American educationDiversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education. This can be seen not only in type, size and control of the institutions, but educational policies and practices. As is stated by the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, education is a function of the state, not the federal govemment. As each state has the freedom to develop its own school system and delegates its power over education to local districts, many variations can be found in the education system of the 50 states.3. the Canadian ShieldThe Canadian Shield is a semicircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hudson Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. It is a region of rounded hills, and tens of thousands of lakes and swamps.4. Australia's service industriesService industries are also called "tertiary industy". This sector now includes an additional "quaternary" level, which covers the research, processing and storage of information. Australia's service sector is the fastestgrowing one. It has been growing in importance, due to higher living standards and greater demand for more and better transport and housing, and the expansion by government of educational, health and welfare services.5. the New DealIn order to deal with the Depression, President Franklin Roosevelt put forward the New Deal program. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up many efficient social security systems. The New Deal helped to save American democracy and the development of American economy.V.1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges, rivers and lakes in the United States.There are two main mountain ranges in the United States. They are the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains. There are many important rivers in the United States. The Mississippi River and its two branches, the Missouri River and the Ohio River, flow south to the Gulf of Mexico. On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado River and the Columbia River. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States. Other well known rivers include the Hudson River which meets the Atlantic Ocean at New Yurk and the Potomac boarding the national capital of Washington. The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lade Michigan.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today?How many members are there in the House of Commons?To hold general elections, Britain is divided into 651 constituencies, each of which returns one member to the House of Commons. There are 651 members in the House of Commnos.3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines?White settlement in 1788 proved disastrous for the Aborigines. (1) Aboriginal culture and society were totally disrupted because of a total conflict of cultures. (2) The loss o land to white people led to the breakdown of their tribal life because Aboriginal culture was based on the land. (3) After losing their land, Aborigines became dependent on white handouts. They copied the European habit of drinking alcohol, which destroyed large numbers of Aborigines. (4) The whites also brought many diseases which the Aborigines had no resistance to. (5) All these, combined with the violence between Europeans and Aborigines resulted in the drastically reduction in Aboriginal population. The Aborigines have always been in unfavorable position ever since 1788. The Aborigines still face legal, political, economic and social discrimination today.4. Sinn FeinSinn Fein was the Irish guerrilla movement that wrested independence from the British in 1921. It spit in 1921 over the Anglo - Irish Treaty and became two parties, Fianna Fail and Fine Gael, which remains to be the two major political parties in Ireland today.VI.1. Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?There nave been four periods in the history of the two - party system in the United States.(1) During the Ratification period, the first two major parties appeared. They were the Federalists and the Anti - Federalists. After the adoption of the Bill of Rights, the Anti - Federalists began to call themselves Democratic - Republicans. The Federalists gradually disintegrated. (2) After the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson, the Democratic - Republican Party split. The main faction led by Jackson was called the Whig Party which formed in 1834. As the struggle over slavery intensified, the majority of the Whig Party, part of the democrats, and other anti - slavery elements formed the Republican Party in 1854. (3) From 1860s to 1920s, the Republican Party dominated the political scene. (4) From the time of President Franklin Roosevelt to the 1980s, the Democratic Party was dominant, with short interruptions.Traditionally, the Democrats support government intervention in the economy and a strong social security system. While the Republicans stress the role of the market more and oppose large government social security programs. But the two parties are not really very different. They both believe in individualism, defend capitalism and uphold private ownership of means of production. Their organizations are both very loose. But they are both very significant in political life.。

英美概况期末习题3

英美概况期末习题3The Final Examination Paper for the Course of―An Introduction to the Society and Culture of Major English-speakingCountries‖I. Choose the correct answer from each of the following, and write down the corresponding letter in the brackets. (20 points) ( C )1. Which of the following about the House of Lords is NOT true?A. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.B. It consists of the Lords of Spiritual and the Lords of Temporal.C. The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.D. Most of the lords in the House of Lords are males.( B )2. Where is the international tennis championship held?A. Wembley.B. Wimbledon.C. St AndrewsD. Clapham.( D )3..In 1960s in the U.S., the one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called .A.the ―Hippies‖B.the ―Beat Generation‖C.the ―Me Generation‖D.the ―Lost Generation‖( C )4. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election in Great Britain?A.members in the house of CommonsB.Lords in the House of LordsC.the UK citizens above the age of 18D.the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic( B )5. Which of the following is the world’s oldest national newspaper?A．T he Times.B．T he Observer.C．T he Guardian.D．T he Financial Times( C )6. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except____A.George Washington.B.Thomas Jefferson.C.William Penn.D.Benjamin Franklin.( B )7. In order to go to university, secondary school students in the U.S.must meet the following requirements except that ________.A .they have high school records and recommendations from their teachersB they make good impressions during the interviewsC.they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude TestsD.they pass the college entrance examination.( A )8. In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except ________.A. for finding a job in society.B. for having a place in a community.C. for identifying themselves with dominant values.D. for getting together with friends.( C )9. The ―American system‖ of mass production was first used in .A. car industryB. textile industryC. firearms industryD. agriculture( D )10. Which of the following is NOT a power of American president?A. The president can veto any bill passed by Congress.B. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges when vacancies occur.C. The president can make laws.D. The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulationsand directives regarding the work of the federal departments.IV. Fill in the blanks (15%)11. Britain consists of four nations, including England, Scotland , Wales, and one-sixth of Iraland .12. One of the developments brought about by the Industrial Revolution in America is the emergence of new forms of business organizations, notably the International joint venture and the multi-national corporation .13. Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income: student intuition_,endowments, and __ government funding__.14. The congress is divided into house of representatives with 435 members whoserve two-year terms, and senate with 100 lawmakers who serve six-year terms.15. ___The London Stock Exchange _____ is one of the busiest share-dealing centersin the world.16. The Supreme Court is composed of one chief justice and four associatejustice.II. Explain the following in English(30%)17 .Open UniversityThe Open University (also commonly referred to by its initialism OU) is a distance learning and research university founded by Royal Charter in the United Kingdom. The university is funded by a combination of student fees, contract income, and allocations for teaching and research by the higher education funding bodies in each of the four countries of the UK (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland). It is notable for having an open entry policy, i.e. students' previous academic achievements are not taken into account for entry to most undergraduate courses. The majority of the OU's undergraduate students are based in the United Kingdom and principally study off-campus, but many of its courses (both undergraduate and postgraduate) can be studied off-campus anywhere in the world.There are a number of full-time postgraduate research students based on the 48 hectare university campus where theyuse the OU facilities for research, as well as more than 1000 members of academic and research staff and over 2500 administrative, operational and support staff.18.TabloidTabloid may refer to:a newspaper engaging in tabloid journalismTabloid (newspaper format)Tabloid (paper size)Tabloid (TV series), a Canadian television seriesTabloid (film), a 2010 documentary by Errol MorrisSopwith Tabloid, an aircraft"Tabloid Magazine", a song from The Living End's album Modern Artillery19.the function of British parliamentThe main functions of British Parliament are: (1) to pass laws; (2) to provide, by voting for taxation, the means of carrying on the work of government; (3) to examine government Policy and administrations, including proposal for expenditure; and (4) to debate the major issues of the day.20.the Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights is the collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. These limitations serve to protect the natural rights of liberty and property. They guarantee a number of personal freedoms, limit the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and reserve some powers to the states and the public. While originally the amendments applied only to the federal government, most of their provisions have since been held to apply to the states by way of the Fourteenth Amendment.21.the ―Lost Generation‖The "Lost Generation" is a term used to refer to the generation, actually an age cohort, that came of age during World War I. The term was popularized by Ernest Hemingway who used it as one of two contrasting epigraphs for his novel, "The Sun Also Rises." In that volume Hemingway credits the phrase to Gertrude Stein, who was then his mentor and patron.22.the Declaration of IndependenceThe Declaration of Independence was a statement adopted by the ContinentalCongress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies, then at war with Great Britain, regarded themselves as independent states, and no longer a part of the British Empire. John Adams put forth a resolution earlier in the year which made a formal declaration inevitable. A committee was assembled to draft the formal declaration, to be ready when congress voted on independence. Adams persuaded the committee to select Thomas Jefferson to compose the original draft of the document,[2] which congress would edit to produce the final version. The Declaration was ultimately a formal explanation of why Congress had voted on July 2 to declare independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War. The Independence Day of the United States of America is celebrated on July 4, the day Congress approved the wording of the Declaration. 23.―WASP‖ cultureWhite Anglo-Saxon Protestant (WASP) is an informal term, often derogatory or disparaging, for a closed group of high-status Americans mostly of British Protestant ancestry. The term implies this group wields disproportionate financial and socialpower.The term is also used in Australia and Canada for similar powerful groups. While WASP power in the United States was unchallenged throughout the 19th century and the early 20th century, most scholars agree that the group's influence has waned since the end of World War II, with the growing importance of Jews, Catholics, and other former outsiders.24.semi-detached housesSemi-detached houses on the Great West Road, photographed on the way to Heathrow.I took the airport bus from somewhere in Central London. The Underground extension to Heathrow was not built until 1977. The location is very approximate. Semi-detached housing (often abbreviated to semi in the UK, Canada and Australia, as in "three-bedroom semi") consists of pairs of houses built side by side as units sharing a party wall and usually in such a way that each house's layout is a mirror image of its twin. This style of housing, although built throughout the world, is commonly seen as particularly symbolic of the suburbanisation of the United Kingdom and Ireland, or post-war homes in Central Canada. Confusingly, this is sometimes colloquially called a duplex in New England, other parts of the United States, and most of Canada, a term used elsewhere for two apartments, one above the other.This type of housing can be thought of as being a half-way state between terraced or row housing and single-family detached homes. Terraced housing is constituted by continuous row houses with open spaces at the front and back, while semi-detachedhouses have front, rear and any one side open spaces, and individual detached houses have open spaces on all sides. 25.OxbridgeOxbridge is a portmanteau of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge in England, and the term is used to refer to them collectively, often with implications of perceived superior social status. "Oxbridge" can be used as a noun referring to either or both universities or as an adjective describing them or their students.26.The Canterbury TalesThe Canterbury Tales is a collection of stories written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer at the end of the 14th century. The tales (mostly written in verse although some are in prose) are presented as part of a story-telling contest by a group of pilgrims as they travel together on a journey from Southwark to the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket at Canterbury Cathedral. The prize for this contest is a free meal at the Tabard Inn at Southwark on their return.V. Answer the following questions briefly. (35points)27. What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the U. S. government? How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other? (10%)The answer to the former question is as follows.The three branches—the Legislative, the Executive, headed by the president. And the Judicial, headed by the Supreme Court. The Legislative, including both houses of Congress (the Senate and the House of Representative) .The legislative branch is the only branch that can make federal laws, levy federal taxes and declare war or put foreign treaties into effect. The Executive, headed by the president. The president can appoint federal judges as vacancies occur, including members of the Supreme Court. All such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the Senate. The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal departments. He is the commander in chief of the armed forces. The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court with a chief justice and 8 associate justices. The Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases arising out of the Constitution and other cases which do not arise out of individual states. The Supreme Court has the judicial review power.The answer to the latter question is as follows.System of ―checks and balances ‖ of the three-part national government works to keep serious mistakes from being made by one branch or another.28.How to identify people of different classes in British society?(8%)In British society,the classes mainly are classified into upper classes of society ,middle class and salaried people.We should correctly know their strengths and weaknesses.With the objective attitude to the question .29.What factors contribute to the success of American business and industry?(10%) Factors contributing to successSound business idea.Skills in both making and selling the product/delivering the service and running a business.Competent staff.Good cashflow management.Management of inventory, debtors and creditors.Able to adapt and change, making use of new technologies.Good people management and client relationship management.Good marketing plan.30.Hamlet is one of the best-known tragedies by William Shakespeare, what do you know about the play? (7%)An analysis of Hamlet's characterWilliam Shakespeare, the most remarkable playwright and poet of England in the period of the Renaissance. Hamlet, as one of the four great tragedies of Shakespeare, it creates many vivid characters, particularly the image of Hamlet is most well-know.Hamlet is the prince of Denmark. In the early period of time, he has an enthusiastic spirit and positive attitude towards life. We can find it from Ophelia’s compliment: ―The courtier’s, soldier’s, scholar’s eye, tongue sword; the expectancy and rose of the state; the glass of fashion and the mould of form; the observed of all observers‖ (Vickers, 1981:46). But after his father’s death, his mother’s remarriage, his uncle’s usurpation and his girl friend’s betrayal, everything changes in his life and he has to face many choices.Some people think Hamlet is weak and hesitant because his hesitance of killing his uncle and he is skeptical about the words of his father’s ghost. But that is unreasonable. Hamlet is not weak; on the contrary, he is intelligent and brave. He is honest in nature, but he has to play as a madman. He is kind in nature, but he has to revenge. Facing the contrast and difficulties in his life, he doesn’t shrink back but choose to accomplish the revenge plan with more efforts. Sometimes, Hamlet shows doubts, shake and weak will, however, this is not his character. By nature, Hamlet is strong. He's energetic with a magnificent soul. He is magnificent and strong even in times of setbacks, since a man of determination makes far wiser choices at tryingmoments than a vulnerable striving man. Such was the comment for Hamlet by Belinskiy(1948:207) which obviously explains the strong of Hamlet. As the prince of Denmark, on one hand, he must obtain realistic proof to prove his uncle’s crimes; one the other hand, he hopes the revenge is not only the personal revenge, but the change of society. He prays in Act 1, Scene 5: ―The time is out of joint – O, cursed spite that ever I was born to set it right‖ (Shakespeare, 2002:63). The great conflict between the glorious ideals of humanists and the dark reality of society makes Hamlet more powerful and alive. Hamlet is a representative of humanism in Renaissance. Just like Hegel (1885:391)’s words about Hamlet ―What he suspected isn’t what he should do, but how to complete it‖.Many scholars think the relationship between Hamlet and his mother is Oedipus complex. It is true that in Hamlet’s revenge he shows his hate and love to his mother, but that’s not Oedipus complex. Oedipus complex is a desire for sexual involvement with the parent of the opposite sex and a sense of rivalry with the parent of the same sex (Wolff,2002:1423).Hamlet loves his parents. After his father dead, he hates his mother because he thinks she betrays his father. As a son, no matter who he may is, he will get angrily when his mother remarries. He shows his anger and disappointment in Act 1, Scene 2: ―Frailty, thy name is woman! A little month, or ere those shoes were old with which she follow'd my poor father's body. Like Niobe, all tears: why she, even she‖ (Shakespeare, 2002:34). From this we can get that Hamlet knows clearly what to love and what to hate. He is a normal person like everyone.At last, no matter how we evaluate Hamlet, we just express our personal view. There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people’s eyes. All in all, Hamlet’s character is complex and profound; his image is distinct and great. That is the only thing we can’t deny.。

英美概况期末考试考题

美国的地理气候：美国本土位于北温带，介于北纬25度至49度之间，大部分地区属温带和亚热带，气候和降水比较适宜，降水与地下水均十分丰富，有利于工农业生产的发展，可谓得天独厚。

仅佛罗里达半岛南端属热带；阿拉斯加州位于北纬60至70度之间，属北极圈内的寒冷气候区；夏威夷州位于北回归线以南，属热带。

由于幅员辽阔，地形复杂，并受不同气流的影响，各地的气候差别很大：当佛罗里达半岛已是百花齐放的季节时，北部的五大湖区还处于寒冷之中。

东南部属亚热带季风性湿润气候东北部沿海和五大湖地区属温带大陆性气候，中部中央平原的气候基本上也属温带大陆性气候，冬季寒冷，夏季炎热，气温较高，湿度大太平洋沿岸北部属温带海洋性气候区，冬暖夏凉，雨量充沛，1月份平均气温在4℃以上，8月份平均气温不越过22℃。

年平均降水量为1300毫米-1500毫米。

干燥的西部高原的年温差高达25℃，山岳地区山势越高气候越低美国的气候条件比较优越，大部分地区有利于农作物的生长。

但自然灾害也时有发生种族特点：美国是全球最大的移民国家，每年均有超过100万人移民美国目前这些移民或移民的后代主要居住在加利福尼亚州、纽约州、佛罗里达州、得克萨斯州、新泽西州和伊利诺伊州，，，美国的种族构成是：白人80.1%、拉美裔15.1%、非洲裔12.8%、亚裔4.4%、印地安人及阿拉斯加土著民1.0%、夏威夷土著民及太平洋岛民0.2%、两个以上种族（多种族）1.6%。

其中美国黑人、拉美裔和亚裔等少数族裔总人口已达到1.007亿2、莎士比亚，英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人，欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。

莎士比亚的代表作有四大悲剧：《哈姆雷特》（英：Hamlet）、《奥赛罗》（英：Othello）、《李尔王》（英：King Lear）、（英：Mac Beth）。

著名喜剧：、、、（《As you like it》）。

历史剧：、、。

正剧、悲喜剧：《罗密欧与朱丽叶》。

还写过154“时代的灵魂”，马克思称他和古希腊的埃斯库罗斯为“人类最伟大的戏剧天才”。

英美概况期末考简答题

1. In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?New England also established another American tradition—a strain of often intolerant moralism. The Puritans believed that governments should enforce God's morality. They strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violators of the Sabbath and other religious believers different from themselves.Roger Williams, one of the Puritants who protested that the state should not interfere with region, was driven out of Massachusetts. In 1635, he set up Rhode Island colony, which guaranteed religions freedom and the separation of church and state. The Puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. The Americans values such as individualism, hard work, respect of education owe very much to the Puritans beliefs.2. What are the two political parties in the United States? Do you think the two political parties arefundamentally different?Democratic Party and the Republican Party. differences :1、The Democratic Party is regarded as liberal, while the Republican Party conservative. 2、The former advocates the government to play an important role in the economy and emphasizing full employment; favors civil rights laws, a strong social security system and less restrictive abortion laws, etc.; It is more disposed to search out a method of living with Russia and China and to look for reduction in arms spending. However, the Republican Party favors economic system which gives enterprises a greater freedom and demands the government to control inflation; stresses the need for law and order; opposes complete governmental social programs and free choice of abortion; favors a strong military posture and assertive stands in international relations.3、Donkey is the symbol of the Democratic Party and the symbol of Republican Party is Elephant.3. What are some of the features in religion that are particularly American? What are some of the major differences between American religion and religion in Europe?Some phenomena in American religion are uniquely American. First of all, Americans with different religions live together under the same law. That is to say, they claim the variety of beliefs. Secondly, the religions beliefs of Americans continue to be strong with social progress. They emphasize on social progblems and humanitarian ideals. Thirdly, in the US every church is a completely independent organization, and concerned with its own finance and its own building.Major differences are:1) In Europe,scientific and economic advance and rising material prosperity have accompanied by a decline in religious observance ,but in the United States this has not happened.2) There has been little concentration on doctrine or religious argument such as in European history.3)Generally speaking,Americans have enjoyed greater religious freedom than European.4、 What is the main theme in American literature? As to this point, it is quite different fromCanadian literature and British literature. How do you understand them?The questing of the American people has indeed been a drama of many parts.In one way or another, however, it has always been a "pursuit of happiness".American literature is the continuous narrative of that pursuit. 第二问American literature has the same themes as any other concentration area, with the exception of The American Dream, but that could translate to The English, Indian, British, African, and so on。

英美概况试卷

6. Essay Writing.(20%)
Write a passage of about 300 words presenting your understanding on the following questions.
1)Do you agree with the idea that“Most students are socially retarded(retard:slow the growth or development of;cause to move more slowly or operate at a slower rate;be delayed)”
pliment
1）Tom only had a mouthful of food and then______in a hurry.
2)Her boss paid her a_________because of her diligence.
3)Home remedies should not______visiting your doctor if you are really sick.
Executive
( 1 )
Cabinet
( 2 )
( 3 )
Congress
100 senators
435( 4 )
Make laws
Judicial
Supreme Court
( 5 )
Interpret laws
2) The government system ofU.K.
The Parliament
2)Why or why not
共3页第3页
2013至2014学年第1学期考试时间：70分钟

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

Questions for the final examination (25 items)
American Beginnings
1.What were the new and powerful social forces which led to the awakening of
Europe and the discovery of America?’
2.What was the unique American phenomenon? How did it come into being? Do
you think it still exists in today’s American society?
3.In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?
4.In what way did the pattern of founding of Maryland influence American culture? The Political System
1.What is a federal system?
2.How did the delegates from the early British colonies design the constitution?
3.What were the two main fears shared by Americans while writing the constitution
and how did they deal with them?
4.What is the Executive Branch?
5.What is the Bill of Rights? Why is it necessary to write the Bill of Rights
explicitly into the US Constitution?
Economy
1.What is the current economic position of America in the world?
2.What are the five stages of industrial development?
3.What are the roots of affluence in America?
4.What are the main sectors of industry in America? Name some of the important
cities representing each sector.
Education
1.How did America change the way of education to teach the children to be world
citizens?
2.How do Americans apply for a university?
3.What are the categories of higher institutions in America?
4.What factors that determine the best prestige of a university?
5.How to select a college or a university? Name all the members of the Ivy League.
6.Explain why Americans respect education.
7.What degrees do undergraduate colleges and graduate schools offer?
American Way of Life
1.What are the stereotypes about the USA?
2.What are the metaphors that have been used as the national self-images and why
did they lose their credibility?
3.Why is the Internet an up-to-date metaphor used to encapsulate the USA?
4.Why is America said to be a society of violence? What is the NRA?
5.What are the reasons for the changing marriage pattern in the USA? What is its
effect on USA way of life?
-- The End。