阿拉伯-以色列冲突根源【英文】

T he Middle East in 1914
T. E. Lawrence [1888-1935]
“Lawrence of Arabia,” The Legend Begins
Baidu Nhomakorabea
Hussein-McMahon Letters, 1915
....Britain is prepared to recognize and uphold the independence of the Arabs in all regions lying within the frontiers proposed by the Sharif of Mecca....
T he Main Players in WW1
Allied Powers:
Nicholas II [Rus]
Central Powers:
George V [Br]
Victor Emmanuel II [It]
Wilhelm II [Ger]
Pres. Poincare [Fr]
Enver Pasha [Turkey] Franz Josef [A-H]
Freedom from Western anti-Semitism. Theodore Herzl 1860-1904
First Zionist Conference, 1897
Herzl writes Der Judenstaat, or The Jewish State in 1896.
Total:
2,133,190
387,800
Prince Faisal at Versailles, 1918
Arab Disappointment!
T he League of Nations Mandates
“New” Countries & Ruling Families Emerge!
Sir Arthur James Balfour Br. Foreign Secretary
Turkish Genocide A gainst the Armenians
1.5 million: A Portent of Future Horrors to Come!
Turkish Genocide A gainst the Armenians
T he British & Arab Armies Meet
British Forces
Lawrence & Faisal’s Forces
British Promise to the Jews: Balfour Declaration, 1917
His Majesty’s Government views with favor the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine…
Other Armenian-populated Sites in Turkey
Western Anatolia Cilicia and Northern Syria European Turkey Trapizond District 371,800 309,000 194,000 73,390 27,000 70,000 163,000 15,000
Districts & Vilayets of Western Armenia in Turkey
Erzerum Van Kharbert Diarbekir Bitlis Sivas
1914
215,000 197,000 204,000 124,000 220,000 225,000
1922
1,500 500 35,000 3,000 56,000 16,800
Prince Faisal “ruler” of Trans-Jordan.
Prince Abdullah “ruler” of a newly-created Iraq [pasted together from three distinct geographic regions]. The House of Saud put on the throne of the newly-created Saudi Arabia.
By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
T he Dreyfus Case, 1894
Capt. Alfred Dreyfus Emile Zola
Zionism
GOALS: The spiritual and political renewal of the Jewish people in its ancestral homeland of Palestine.
Hussein ibn Ali, Sharif of Mecca
Sykes-Picot A greement, 1916
T he Arab Revolt: 1916-1918
T he Allied Advance A gainst the Ottoman Turks
Br. General Edmund Allenby
Met in Basel, Switzerland.
Creates the First Zionist Congress.
Becomes an international Jewish organization. “Next Year in Jerusalem!”
T he Ottoman Empire in WW1