东南大学研究生英语试卷(优.选)
最新东南大学研究生英语雅思写作下学期大作业
On the Delay of Geographical Caching Methods in Two-Tiered Heterogeneous NetworksAbstractWe consider a hierarchical network that consists of mobile users, atwo-tiered cellular network (namely small cellsand macro cells) and central routers, each of which follows a Poisson point process (PPP). Inthis scenario, small cells with limited-capacity backhaul are able to cache content under a given set of randomized caching policies and storage constraints. Moreover, we consider three different content popularity models, namely fixed content popularity, distance-dependent and load-dependent,in order to model the spatio-temporal behavior of users’ content request patterns. We derive expressions for the average delay of users assuming perfect knowledge of content popularity distributions and randomized caching policies. Although the trend of the average delay forall three content popularity models is essentially identical, our results show that the overall performance of cached-enabled heterogeneous networks can be substantially improved, especially under the load dependentcontent popularity model.Besides, Because of the limitation of research conditions, the total network delay, network cost and optimization of network parameters arenot analyzed.Keywords: edge caching, Poisson point process, stochastic geometry, mobile wireless networks, 5GIntroductionIt is known that content caching in 5G heterogeneous wireless networks improves the system performance, and is of high importance in limited-backhaul scenarios. Most existing literature focuses on the characterization of key performance metrics neglecting the backhaul limitations and the spatio-temporal content popularity profiles. In this work, we analyze the gains of caching in heterogeneous network deployment, and consider the average delay as a performance metric.Firstly we use passion point process (PPP) method to build the model. This heterogeneous network consists of mobile terminals (users), cache-enabled s mall base stations (SBSs), macro base stations (MBSs)。
东南大学2007研究生专业英语试卷
2007年硕士研究生专业英语考试卷Part 1 Translation (60 minutes) (60%)Section A: Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese (30 minutes) (30%)Managers advancing into the fog of the future tend to either cling to the fiction of prediction despite limited visibility or veer to the other extreme, relying on good luck and hustle and hoping for the best. Neither extreme is effective or necessary. Indeed, a careful examination of volatile markets over time reveals recurrent patterns. Understanding these patterns can help executives navigate a foggy future.It was only when the company began to look at customer information in a more holistic fashion - gathering, consolidating, and analyzing all of its customer interaction information in a single pool - that it was able to correct such inefficiencies. Now everyone who is delayed for, say, nine hours gets the same compensation, and when a gate agent hands a passenger a flight voucher, that transaction is reflected immediately in the customer information database. The passenger will be denied a second voucher even if he gets to a phone within a few seconds.An even bigger problem is getting past correlations in the data to be able to argue causality. If a researcher finds that highly successful companies tend to have formal knowledge management initiatives, for example, does that mean that explicit management of knowledge is a key to success? Or does it mean that knowledge management is the kind of organizational boondoggle that only a company flush with cash indulges in? Making the argument for causality in one direction or the other requires not only a sufficient data set but also a rational model for how the observed phenomena relate to known outcomes.Section B: Translate the following paragraphs into English (30 minutes) (30%)任何决策都无法回避风险。
2015年东南大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题,考研经验
2015年东南大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题，考研经验基础英语。
14年基英三十个词汇选择，一个不会啊，阅读四篇感觉超级难，没看懂，作文倒是中规中矩，像专八作文。
14年挂在这科了，45。
没过线。
今年花很多时间背gre单词，事实证明，一定要背gre 啊。
15基英，词汇选择做起来比去年顺手许多，但是还是有许多蒙的，我背了一遍新东方的gre词汇书43个list，最后没有时间再背一遍，所以很多单词只是眼熟，16年考的学弟学妹一定要好好背gre,还有就是新东方的gre 绿皮书，不是单词书，是练习的，只有淘宝有卖。
15阅读三篇，不太难。
作文是关于工作满意度的，还算好写。
总之基英重点，gre 单词！！！翻译，14十个英译汉句子翻译，不难，一篇较长的英译汉文章翻译，科技文，生词特别多，一篇汉译英，科技方面，不难，篇幅也较短。
15，没有句子翻译，一大篇英译汉，关于美国民主的，不太难，但有些还真不好翻，对有些美国政治的东西了解太少⊙﹏⊙一大篇汉译英，关于资源环境保护，一般难度，但是开始还斟酌句子，后来来不及了，草草在收卷前写完交。
翻译最最推荐的是庄译传的英汉翻译简明教程，还有新东方武峰的视屏，他的视屏课真的很实用。
百科，十个名词解释，丝绸之路，行卷，回回，二十四节气，五伦十教，诗言志，xx集会（只记得后两个字），。
想不起来了。
有些还是很偏的，我都没见过。
关于名词解释，我觉得最适合东南的，就是历史常识通识读本，文化常识通识读本，因为东南名词解释，五分一个，不能和别的学校两分一个的一样对待，要知道的多一些。
早点准备，不能靠最后一个月狂背。
东南很少出实事，经济术语等，重点在文化和历史，个人见解。
应用文，去年是新闻报告还什么的，和新闻有关，今年是自然景观和人文景观的解说词。
考前看看各种格式就好了。
大作文，去年和翻译有关，今年是写书评。
平时看看博客天下啊，知乎日报啊，豆瓣读书啊，多点素材，考前没特意写过汉语作文，考试时写起来也还行。
东南大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案
东南大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案东南大学（原题）英语翻译基础共150分一、英译汉（80%）【才思教育注释】大约490词都不难没什么生单词Israelis and Palestinians blu-ray copy were closely watching next month's US midterm race amid a sense―rarely discussed openly but very much on people's minds―that the result could affect the US-led peace effort,App Makers Take Interest in Android, and US President Barack Obama's ability to coax concessions from Israel. Animating the discussion is the startling fact that the United States has failed,Your SF Giants:Knuckleheads who win,despite emphatic public appeals by Obama and weeks of increasingly frustrating diplomacy,to persuade Israel to extend the settlement-building slowdown that expired on September26.he Palestinians are now hoping that Obama has reacted mildly to Israel's rejection because of political considerations ahead of the November2vote―and might befreer to apply pressure after the elections."We think that if President Obama emerges strong from this election,then this will enable him to work more on foreign policy,"Palestinian Authority negotiator Nabil Sha'ath told The Associated Press."If he and his party lose in the elections,video converter,then this will limit his ability to pressure and actively engage in foreign policy.This is the problem."Although Israeli officials avoid discussing the topic publicly for fear of alienating its most important ally,there is a foreboding sense in Israel that punishment is on the way―especially if Obama emerges unscathed.Nahum Barnea,a respected and blu-ray copy widely-read columnist,put it this way in Friday's Yediot Ahronot:"The problem is the disgust and rage that the Israeli refusal sparked in the administration―a rage that is being suppressed at the moment, but which will erupt in full force on November3,after the elections to Congress. The Americans are seeking the logic behind the refusal...and are finding nothing." But if recent polls are proved accurate and Republicans take one or both houses of Congress,a chastened president might be too busy or weakened to pressure Jerusalem much,the thinking goes.If Congress tilts Republican it could have a"positive impact"on Israeli concerns, one adviser to Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu told The AP―an allusion to avoiding pressure for concessions.With the Democrats weakened,Israel's friends in Congress―both Democrat and Republican―"would be able to have a stronger voice if the administration should embark on a policy that is less favorable to Israel,"he added.US foreign policy is set by the White House,not Congress.But Congress can influence it in the course of the day-to-day political horse trading that goes on between the executive and legislative branches.For example,when Republicans controlled the House of Representatives during Netanyahu's first term in the late1990s,the prime minister was able to marshal the support of the party's conservative wing in a face-off with then US President Bill Clinton over stepped-up settlement constructionand Israeli troop pullbacks in the West Bank.Traditionally,both branches blu-ray copy have been bastions of support for Israel no matter which party is in charge.But conservative Republican legislators tend to be less critical of Israel's contentious settlement policy and more hawkish―and therefore supportive―on the security issues that are uppermost in Israel's mind.二、汉译英（70%）约660个字【才思教育注释】文章出自《喜欢《读者》的理由》我对《读者》的好感始于她的良好口碑。
2013年东南大学357英语翻译基础考研试题(回忆版)
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本试题由 网友gy109109提供
翻译基础英语：一共三部分。
第一部分选择题30题。
30分，基本都是考词汇，词汇不是那么难，但是还是背GRE 比较保险。
第二部分是阅读，题型就是GRE 题型，一共20道题目。
40分，第一篇记不清了第二篇是讲WOOLF 的文学风格，第三篇是讲核能源问题的。
第四篇是讲夏威夷的植物来源。
第一二篇比较长，三四篇篇幅较短。
以上试题来自 网友的回忆，仅供参考，纠错请发邮件至
suggest@。
研究生英语考试试题及答案-参考
研究生英语考试试题及答案-参考研究生英语考试试题及答案-参考Part BDirections：The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45，you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs A and E have been correctly placed Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET （10 points）Some Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough TimesUnfortunately，life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover， we are grieving various kinds of loss： a friendship， a romantic relationship or a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time， but you should remember that they won‘t last forever.When our time of mourning is over，we press forward，stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore， these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these ten old truths I‘ve learned along the way.41.______Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately， people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said，Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice. I docompletely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42.______If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past， try to focus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may feel guilt over your past， but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past， but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43.______Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44.______No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is， you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life，especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor，help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives，try to participate in several online communities，full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45.______Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin， think your own thoughts， have your own values and make your own choices.41. → 42. → 43. → 44. →45.【参考答案】41.D 42.E 43.G 44.A 45.C【试题点评】新题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的`能力。
东南大学英语研究生二外法语2005年
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东南大学研究生英语雅思写作下学期大作业
On the Delay of Geographical Caching Methods in Two-Tiered Heterogeneous NetworksAbstractWe consider a hierarchical network that consists ofmobile users, a two-tiered cellular network (namely small cellsand macro cells) and central routers, each of which follows aPoisson point process (PPP). In this scenario, small cells withlimited-capacity backhaul are able to cache content under agiven set of randomized caching policies and storage constraints.Moreover, we consider three different content popularity models,namely fixedcontent popularity, distance-dependent and load-dependent,in order to model the spatio-temporal behavior ofusers’ content request patterns. We derive expressions for theaverage delay of users assuming perfect knowledge of contentpopularity distributions and randomized caching policies. Althoughthe trend of the average delay for all three contentpopularity models is essentially identical, our results show thatthe overall performanceofcached-enabled heterogeneous networkscan be substantially improved, especially under the loaddependentcontent popularity model.Besides,Because of the limitation of research conditions, the total network delay, network cost and optimization of network parameters are not analyzed.Keywords: edge caching, Poisson point process, stochasticgeometry, mobile wireless networks, 5GIntroductionIt is known that content caching in 5G heterogeneous wireless networks improves the system performance, and is of high importance in limited-backhaul scenarios. Most existing literature focuses on the characterization of key performance metrics neglecting the backhaul limitations and the spatio-temporal content popularity profiles. In this work, we analyze the gains of caching in heterogeneous network deployment, and consider the average delay as a performance metric.Firstly we use passion point process (PPP) method to build the model. This heterogeneous network consists of mobile terminals(users), cache-enabled small base stations (SBSs), macro basestations (MBSs)and central routers. In this network setting, a user may experience delays due to downlink transmissions, backhaul and caches.Moreover, in order to capture the spatio-temporal content access patterns of users, we suppose fixed content popularity, distance-dependent and load-dependent content popularities. Assuming that the content popularity distribution is perfectly known at the small base stations, we explore three different caching policies based on content-popularity and randomization. And finally, we draw our conclusion.MethodologyFirst, our Research objective is to get the average delay in a cache-enabled two-tiered cellular network modeled by stochastic geometry, the figure one is an illustration of the considered system model, the methodology part including the following parts.The first is the topology, the central routers, MBSs, SBSs, USERs are modeled by the independent PPP models, the second is the signal model, for the tractability for the problem, we assume that the typical user experience the rayleigh fading and the standard power law path loss, also we assume that the network is interference-limited, that is to say the interference power dominates over the noise power.Then it is the caching model, when a user has a content request, we assume that the request is drawn from a continuous zipf distribution, in the function, there is a content popularity parameter, based on this parameter, we have three caching models, Fixed means that the content popularity is identical for all users, all SBSs observe the same distribution, Distance-dependent means that each user has a distance-dependent steepness factor ,the factor is related to the average distance between the SBS and its users.Based on the caching models, here we consider three caching policies: StdPop means the SBSs cache the most popular content from the catalogue, the Unirand means the contents are cached uniformly at random, the MixPop policy means that part storage cache the most popular contents, the other part cache the content at random.The last part is the delay, our metric in this paper, the delay including the following three parts, When the BSs deliver the contents to their intended mobile users, it incurs the downlink delay, When the content requested are not cached in the BSs, the BSs have to get the content form the central routers through the backhaul, then it causes delay, when the content requested in the caches, the content need to be taken out from the caches, it causes delay.Reportingand Discussing ResultsIn this section, we numerically validate our approximations derived in the previous section. The impact of critical system parameters are discussed as follows.Fig. (a) Impact of MBS density. (b) Impact of small cell density.(c) Impact of target SIR. (d) Impact of storage size.Impact of MBS density λmc:The change of average delay with respect to the MBSdensity is given in Fig. a. Therein, as the number of MBSs increases, we observe an increment in average delay at millisecond level. This is mainly due to the backhaul as the delay in backhaul is proportional to the distance and average number of connected MBSs. On the other hand, the average delay in SBSs remains static in this setup. However, we note that the average delay experienced by a typical small cell user is reduced by adding caching capabilities at the base stations.Impact of small cell density λsc: The change of the average delay with respect to the small cell density is depicted in Fig. b. Similarly to the previous figure for MBS density, we see that the average delay increases for all kind of small cell users. However, in this numerical setup, the rateof increment in delay with no-caching capabilities at the SBSs is higher than the delay experienced by the typical users with cache- enabled SBSs. Compared to the fixed and load-dependent content popularities, the typical user under load-dependent content popularity experiences less delay when the number of SBSs increases.Impact of target SIRγ: In our setup, yet another importantdesign parameter is the target SIR. In this regard, the averagedelay variation with respect to the target SIR is illustrated inFig. 2c. As observed in the figure, the average delay increasesby imposing higher target SIR values. This change is onlyvisible in low values of target SIR, whereas the variationof delay in higher values of target SIR is negligible. Thismight stem from the fact that the downlink delay is not adominating factor in our scenario compared to the backhauldelay. A typical user connected to the small cell with nocaching capabilities experiences the highest delay, whereas theminimum delay is achieved by using MixPop policy underload-dependent content popularity. The delay of a typicalMU remains between a SU with no-caching and cachingcapabilities at the base stations.Impact of storage size S: Yet another crucial designparameter in our setup is the storage size. The impact ofstorage size on the average delay is shown in Fig. 2d. Indeed,as observed from the figure, dramatical decrease in delay isobserved by increasing the storage size of small base stations.Similarly to previous observations, the most sensitive contentpopularity for the average delay is the load-dependent contentpopularity.ConclusionIn this work, we have characterized the average delay ofmacro cellusersand small cell users under backhaul constraints and caching capabilities at the small base stations.We consider a multi-tier heterogeneous networkin the two-dimensional Euclidean plane and a typical mobile user, and each base stationperfectly observes the content popularities according to threedifferent models: fixed models, distance-dependent models and load-dependent models. After that, somecaching policies such as stdPop policies, unirand policies and mixpop policies have been considered. Finally the impact of critical systemparameters which include macro basestations density, small cell density, target of signal to interference ratio and storage size on the average delay are discussed. Although the trend of the average delay for all three contentpopularity models is essentially identical, our results show thatthe overall performance of cached-enabled heterogeneous networks can be substantially improved, especially under the loaddependent content popularity model.Themain conclusion from this work is that caching at the smallbase stations allows for balancing the average access delay tothe contents, especially if heterogeneous network densificationunder limited backhaul is considereReference[1] E. Ba¸stu˘g, M. Bennis, and M. Debbah, “Living on the Edge: Theroleof proactive caching in 5G wireless networks,” IEEE CommunicationsMagazine, vol. 52, no. 8, pp. 82–89, August 2014. [2] Z. Chen, J. Lee, T. Q. Quek, and M. Kountouris, “Cooperativecachingand transmission design in cluster-centric small cell networks,”arXivpreprint arXiv:1601.00321, 2016.[3] M. Afshang, H. S. Dhillon, and P. H. J. Chong, “Modelingandperformance analysis of clustered device-to-device networks,”arXivpreprint arXiv:1508.02668, 2015.[4] B. Serbetci and J. Goseling, “On optimal geographical caching inheterogeneouscellular networks,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1601.07322, 2016.[5] S. Yan, M. Peng, and W. Wang, “User access mode selection in fogcomputingbased radio access networks,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1602.00766,2016.[6] B. Blaszczyszyn and A. Giovanidis, “Optimal geographic caching incellularnetworks,” in IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC), June 2015, pp. 3358–3363.。
东南大学研究生一年级学术英语教科书答案chapter3
东南⼤学研究⽣⼀年级学术英语教科书答案chapter3 Unit 31.2.1 List different opinions on poverty and environmental degradation2.1.1 Check the reviewing section of sample Introduction and complete the following table.2.2.2 Read three extracts on the issue of poverty and crime. Use the verbs above to cite opinions on poverty and crime.A study by Williams (2005) reports that percentage of poor Americans who are living in extreme poverty has reached a 32-year high. This finding is supported by Holmes (2006) who further states that there are more and more at the link between unemployment, poverty and crime. And the unmistakable characteristic of poverty and crime is that they’re both geographically concentrated in the same areas.This opinion is theoretically explained from an economic perspective of crime that people weigh the consequences of committing crime. They resort to crime only if the cost or consequences are outweighed by the potential benefits to be gained.( Garland, 2008) Although both these studies focus on the close relation between poverty and crime, they have ignored … according to Leach and Mearns (1995).3.1 Using referencesInformation prominent citationAmong the six areas regarding the poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day, sub-Saharan AfricaAuthor prominent citationThe World Bank (2012) states that South Asia ranks the second in the chart regarding poverty ratio at $1.25 a day among six areas in the world.Weak author prominent citationAs a report from the World Bank (2012) indicated, the top two areas of poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day were sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, with a population of almost 50 percent and 37 percent respectively.3.2 Relating literature to your researchWhat questions does this literature review answer?(Key: This literature offers a summary of previous research, so it simply tells the reader what was discovered in previous research.)What questions doesn't it answer?(Key: It doesn't evaluate the research it summarizes, nor does it show the relationships between the different theories, views and approaches it describes.)Which method has the writer used to organize the literature review?(Key: The writer has organized this literature review around the researchers, and has presented it chronologically (arranging the work by when it was published). Notice that by organizing it around the researchers (the summaries are listed after the names of the people who did the research) and not around the research (e.g. around key concepts) the writer emphasizes the people and not their work.)Is it a good literature review? Why?(Key: We don't believe that it is a good literature review. It only gives a summary of previous research but it does not use the literature to explain more about the writer's own research problem. Also, it is not critical: after we read it we still do not know which theories or findings are important, which are inconclusive, what the shortcomings are, etc.The main problem with this literature review is that it does not show how previous research relates to the writer's own research problem, or the relationship between different research already carried out. Given the organization the writer has used, this literature review could not be effective literature review because there is little scope for showing relationships, drawing comparisons, or making evaluations.)3.3 Avoiding plagiarismThe last sentence in Version 2T sounds like the idea of the writer of the paragraph, but we know from Version 1 that it was originally the idea of Russell and Fillery (1996). Because there is nogrammatical link between the two sentences, the reference in the first sentence does not apply to the second sentence. Note in Version 1 that the authors used both a grammatical link (they) and a tense marker (past tense was not adaptable) to indicate that the idea came from the cited work.。
研究生英语一参考答案
研究生英语一参考答案一、听力部分1. A) 根据对话内容，女士询问男士是否需要帮助，男士回答不需要，因为他已经熟悉这个地方了。
因此，正确答案是A。
2. B) 男士提到他正在寻找一家书店，女士告诉他书店在街对面。
正确答案是B。
3. C) 对话中女士提到她正在为即将到来的考试复习，因此正确答案是C。
4. D) 男士询问女士是否愿意和他一起去看电影，女士回答说如果时间允许的话她会去。
正确答案是D。
5. A) 女士询问男士是否已经完成了他的论文，男士回答说还没有，但很快就会完成。
正确答案是A。
6-10. 根据对话内容，可以分别得出以下答案：6. B)7. C)8. A)9. D) 10. B)二、阅读部分1. 根据文章第一段，作者提到了全球化对教育的影响，因此正确答案是A。
2. 文章第二段提到了不同国家教育体系的差异，正确答案是B。
3. 作者在第三段中讨论了教育的个性化需求，正确答案是C。
4. 第四段中提到了教育技术的发展，正确答案是D。
5. 文章最后一段强调了终身学习的重要性，正确答案是E。
三、完形填空1. 根据上下文，这里需要一个表示“尽管”的词，因此正确答案是Despite。
2. 这里需要一个表示“适应”的词，正确答案是Adapt。
3. 根据语境，这里需要一个表示“挑战”的词，正确答案是Challenges。
4. 这里需要一个表示“观点”的词，正确答案是Perspective。
5. 根据语境，这里需要一个表示“重要性”的词，正确答案是Importance。
6-20. 根据文章内容，可以分别得出以下答案：6. C)7. A)8. B)9. D) 10. E) 11. F) 12. G) 13. H) 14. I) 15. J) 16. K) 17. L) 18. M) 19. N) 20. O)四、翻译部分1. 原文：随着社会的发展，人们越来越重视环境保护。
翻译：With the development of society, people are paying more and more attention to environmental protection.2. 原文：教育不仅仅是学习知识，更重要的是培养个人的综合素质。
东南大学研究生一年级学术英语教科书答案chapter4
Unit 41.3 Reading Comprehension1.3.1. Fill in the following table with relevant details from the passage1.3.2. Understand more about Method Section of this research. What do you know about the questionnaire used in the survey?thencomplete the following table:2.2.1 The following sentences describe a process of making paper. Use sequential wordsand rewrite them into a cohesive paragraph.Firstly, the logs are placed in the shredder. Then they are cut into small chips which are mixed with water and acid. After that, they are heated and crushed to a heavy pulp which is cleaned. It is also chemically bleached to whiten it. Later, it is passed through rollers to flatten it. Then sheets of wet paper are produced. finally, the water is removed from the sheets which are pressed, dried and refined until the finished paper is produced.2.2.2 Read the following sentences. They are all taken from method sections from different research articles. In each case, determine which information element is represented.1. subjects,2. material,3. procedure,4.overview,5. statistical treatment,6. procedureand material, 7. sampling, 8. research location3.1 Completing sentencesComplete the following paragraph by translating Chinese into English.1) The questionnaire was administered2) completed the questionnaire3) Background information about these participants is presented in Table 24) The mean age of the participants was approximately 29 years old5) the years of working experience was six on the average3.2: 1c, 2 e, 3 d, 4 f , 5g, 6 b, 7 I, 8 a , 9h3.3 Rewriting sentences(1) Table 2 shows the number of students per level and their Ll language backgroundsrepresented.(2) Two questionnaires administered respectively to the personnel officers andbusiness employees show a similar result in terms of their perception of the use of English in their firm.(3) The scores of the two raters were averaged and entered for statistical analysis.(4) The model used in the experiment was a modified version of the 2009 Testpackage, originally developed by the Morrison Research Institute.(5) Gray (1998) studied the effectiveness of the new schedule, using scores on theStanford Achievement Test as the measure.(6) After the teacher explained the directions, the students began to write.( place modifiers so that they clearly modify what you intend them to modify ) (7) Students achieved better results, although the schedule was in effect only 1 year.(Put the main idea in the main clause )(8) After putting the assignment on the board, the teacher found by checking theroll that three students were absent. (Too many and s )(9) Because many school administrators seem interested in making only simple andinexpensive changes, they have been overly receptive to simplistic solutions.( avoid inserting long modifiers between the subject and the verb )(10) Many people are reluctant to install solar energy systems because of the largecapital investment required. ( avoid using subordinate clauses that modify other subordinate clauses )3.4 Turning notes into a passageA taste test was conducted to determine student’s preferences and attitudes toward sugar-sweetened and artificially-sweetened beverages. Ten people, five male and five female students, from Science English class 1 were chosen at random to participate in the test. The materials used were thirty straws, two cups, one blindfold, and two containers of Kool-Aid, a popular drink in the United States. One container held four cups of orange Kool-Aid sweetened with one half cup of sugar. The other container held four cups of orange Kool-aid sweetened with 9 packets of Nutrasweet brand artificial sweetener.The steps included in the test were as follows. Ten volunteer students were chosen, five male students and five female students. They were placed into two lines, one for males and the other for females. Alternately, men and women completed the taste test. To complete the test a blindfold was first fastened over the eyes of the tester so that he/she could not see. Then the two cups were filled with beverage, one with artificially-sweetened Kool-Aid and the other with sugar-sweetened Kool-Aid. The tester was then asked three questions from a survey and the answers were tabulated. Next, using a straw, the tester took a sip from each cup. Then the final two questions on the survey were asked and the answers tabulated. Finally, the remaining drink was thrown away, and the next tester came forward to repeat the process.。
东南大学研究生一年级学术英语教科书答案chapter6-8
Unit Six1.3.11. We observed a stronger positive association for rectal than colon cancer.2. We found a positive association between red meat intake specifically and cancers of the esophagus and liver, and a borderline significant positive association for laryngeal cancer.3. Unexpectedly, we found an inverse association between red meat intake and endometrial cancer.1.3.21. Provide a brief synopsis of key findings, with particular emphasis on how the findings add to the body of pertinent knowledge.2. Summarize the result in relation to each research objective or hypothesis3. Relate findings back to the literature or the results reported by other researchers4. Discuss possible mechanisms and explanations for the findings. Compare study results with relevant findings from other published work. Briefly state literature search sources and methods. Use tables and figures to help summarize previous work when possible.5. Discuss the limitations of the present study and any methods used to minimize or compensate for those limitations, or mention any crucial future research directions.6. Conclude with a brief section that summarizes in a straightforward and circumspect manner the clinical implications of the work.2.12Like, like, Although, similarity, similar, most, most, But, equal2.2.12.3In our study, zinc supplementation did not result in a significant reduction in overall mortality in children aged 1–48 months in a population with high malaria transmission. However, there was a suggestion that the effect varied by age, with no effect on mortality in infants, and a marginally significant 18% reduction of mortality in children 12–48 months of age (p=0·045). This effect was mainly a consequence of fewer deaths from malaria and other infections. Any effect on mortality in this trial was in addition to a possible effect of vitamin A supplementation3.2Even though Arizona and Rhode Island are both states of the U.S., they are strikingly different in many ways. For example, the physical size of each state is different. Arizona is large, having an area of 114,000 square miles, whereas Rhode Island is only about a tenth the size, having an area of only 1,214 square miles. Another difference is in the size of the population of each state. Arizona has about four million people living in it, but Rhode Island has less than one million. The two states also differ in the kinds of natural environments that each has. For example, Arizona is a very dry state, consisting of large desert areas that do not receive much rainfall every year. However, Rhode Island is located in a temperate zone and receives an average of 44 inches of rain per year. In addition, while Arizona is a landlocked state and thus has no seashore, Rhode Island lies on the Atlantic Ocean and does have a significant coastline.3.3The following is taken from a discussion section of a research paper.DiscussionA thorough analysis of both …worst‟ and …best‟ rankings shows that the onsite containment technique leads to the best LCA result in the light of the taken hypotheses. Unlike other treatment techniques, onsite containment requires not only few materials (geosynthetics only) but alsosmall-scale excavation works. Actually the more a technique includes heavy technical operations involving materials and equipment, the worst is the result of LCA. This is the case for bio-leaching and offsite landfilling, which include, on the one hand, setting up the bio-leaching device, the treatment of leachates with lime, disposal of waste and cleaning of the site, and on the other hand, removal of soil and the transportation of huge quantities of materials over large distances.As mentioned above, besides the LCA, it is necessary to take into account the ability of techniques to substitute for each other as well as the environmental burdens which may be associated with them. Viewed in this light, it is worth noticing that bio-leaching and offsite landfilling provide complete remediation of the site, contrary to other treatment techniques. Bio-leaching consists of a real onsite decontamination of the polluted soil, which enables bequeathing of a clean site to coming generations. Nevertheless, in addition to a bad LCA result, this emergent technique is still poorly known and its efficiency is not quite proven for large-scale applications as yet. As regards offsite landfilling, if the site is left usable without any risk, the huge quantities of non-stabilized waste, which have to be disposed of in landfill, may disturb the organization of local waste management. This point emphasises the bad result of LCA.In return, if the favorable LCA result of onsite containment is due to light treatment operations, this very thing brings environmental issues up into the long-term. Indeed, only setting-up of awater-resistance device entails onsite storage of huge quantities of non-stabilized soil meaning that the initial problem is actually postponed, but not solved.As regards liming, which gives intermediate LCA results, an embankment of stabilized soil plays an important part in site rehabilitation. Indeed, in the absence of embankment, liming offers no chance of reuse for the whole site, whereas the site becomes partly reusable when an embankment of limed soil is achieved. However, stabilization provided by the liming technique is not reliable in the long term and it cannot be assured that the site will be safe for coming generations.To conclude, with the view to treating the site contaminated by sulfur in the short-term, the LCA has been a useful tool in determining the most environmentally friendly technique: onsite containment has been revealed to offer the best resource productivity.On the basis of these interesting results, it would be useful to take into account a wider range of environmental flows in order to get a more exhaustive inventory. And furthermore, a more conventional LCA format could be achieved by using impact categories (global warming,acidif ication…) as inputs in the multi-criteria analysis, instead of environmental flows.Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)Unit 72.1 Summerizing(Key: This text describes the experience of a Taiwanese man who has lived in Canada for several years. He considers Canadian women better off than Taiwanese. However, he notes some Canadian women feel nostalgic about the days when they received special courtesies. For example, formerly men opened doors for women or paid for their meals. At this time, most Canadians endeavor to treat men and women equally. Women today therefore are expected to cover the cost of their own meals. ) 2.2 Paraphrasing(Key for reference: Aries claims that beginning in the 1400s the way we viewed the family and the actual reality of the family changed. However, the change was so slow and subtle that people at that time did not see it. But the event itself, the growing importance of school, was quite striking. Prior to that time children were educated from the age of seven by being placed out or apprenticed to other families. Once schools were no longer limited to religious study, they replaced apprenticeship as society‟s means of educating the young and initiating them into society.)3.1 Key: EFABDC3.21) The present study is designed to determine what in San Francisco attracts visitors more,…2) The purpose of this investigation is to explore whether employees as well as managers have tobe equally trained for working in…3) This study set out to tackle the rate of juvenile delinquency in 1994 in U. S. A.4) The aim of this study is to determine whether education plays a role in….5) The project undertaken is to evaluate the marketing strategies currently applied by….6) The current study aims to determine whether children sent to daycare or preschool start….7) This project is aimed to explore how the discovery of … may change the way we treat….Unit 8 Writing Abstracts1.3.1 What does the abstract talk about1.3.2Decide how many elements this sample includes and how they function.2Language Focus2.1 Commonly used verbs in abstracts; tenses in abstracts2.2 More verbs and sentences patterns2.2 Verb tenses in abstractsRead the abstract above again and check the tenses in the abstract.3Writing Practice3.1 Abstract writing practice3.1.1A review of groundwater remediation in use today shows that new techniques are required that solve the problems of pump and treat, containment and in-situ treatment.3.1.2The use of a funnel and gate system via a trench has been examined in detail3.1.3The modeling involved an analysis of the effect of changing the lengths of the walls and gate, varying the permeability, and varying the number of gates.3.1.4An important factor in designing the walls is the residence time of the water in the gate or the contact time of the contaminant with the reactive media.3.1.5The results of the modeling and sensitivity analysis are presented such that they can be used as an aid to the design of permeable treatment walls.3.23.3Writing keywords4. Writing project4.1 Get prepared for writing an abstract 4.2 Outline an abstract4.3 According to the above table, draft an abstract and key words for the sample paper. Abstract:“Megacities” are defined as urban areas with more than ten million inhabi tants. By 2015 it is estimated that Asia (where much of the worldwide process of urbanization is taking place) may contain as many as 60 Megacities housing more than 600 million people in total. This number will dramatically increase over the next decades with more than 2 billion people living in Megacities by the end of this century. Low carbon performance is a fundamental aspect of the sustainable planning of a new urban development. Sustainable master planning has four components, namely operating energy use, embodied energy associated with buildings, energy supply infrastructures, another infrastructures such as transport, waste, water, sewage, etc. These aspects need to be understood to inform the concept design at its earliest stage, especially if designing to cater for the needs of global megacities where ramifications of poorly integrated planning could result in prof;ound andlong-lasting impacts on carbon and energy intensity. This paper describes how these aspects of low carbon planning and design can be assessed using urban scale modeling, namely the Energy and Environmental Prediction model (EEP-Urban),at a whole city and building plot level.Key words: Urban planning, High density, Urbanization, Energy modeling, Low carbon。
2020年东南大学和湖南大学研究生英语口语复试真题
2020年东南大学和湖南大学研究生英语口语复试真题东南大学学院：计算机科学与工程学院专业：计算机科学与技术英语面试放在专业面试里：计算机学院的英语较为随缘，有些组是你英语自我介绍了就不会问口语内容了，如果是中文自我介绍就需要回答一个英文问题，不太会涉及专业：我记得有一个学员最简单的是：请用英语报一下你的电话号码；而我的算是比较难的：问了我如果在科研中遇到困难你会怎么做（面试中没有翻译）。
学院：能源与环境工程学院专业：动力工程英语口语面试过程：1、英语自我介绍（2-3min）然后老师会提一两个问题，一般是根据你的自我介绍老师觉得感兴趣的或者看心情问问题，但是一般不涉及专业问题，像我问的就是为什么选择这个专业专业课面试：英语口语面试包含在专业面试，整个过程15-30分钟专业面试是抽题目：包括工热，流体力学和锅炉的内容，都中文学院：机械工程学院专业：机械专硕英语口语面试过程：1、英语自我介绍（2-3min）2、翻译一段英语小短文（200字左右）3、问几个接近生活的英文问题，比如学业如何，今天心情如何等（均为即兴发挥，没有题序或者套路），这个就看大家平时的积累。
专业课面试：（英语口语包含在专业面试里面）学院：能源与环境工程学院专业：环境科学与工程英语口语面试：面试的第一部分就是英文自我介绍。
然后与老师进行一些英语交流，一般是询问你的家乡，你的志向，考研的原园。
主要会根据你的自我介绍未问问题。
比如我当时介绍中读到了洪泽湖，他就问我洪泽湖水质如何，富营养化严不严重。
专业课问题是抽纸条听老师指示从讲台上的盒子里抽两道专业课题目，一个是初试方面的题目，一个是复试笔试题目。
抽到题目时把题目读给老师听然后作答；接着就是几位老师轮流问问题，一般就你的简历问问题，问你的大学期间的清况，如果有科研、论文实验经验的加分。
整个过程15-30分钟学院：自动化学院专业：控制科学与工程英语口语流程：自我介绍（中英文都准备），然后老师询问一下英语问题，比如：谈读人工智能，介绍家乡，谈谈专业，对南京的印象，对东南大学的印象，选择报考东南大学的原因和你的本科院校情况等比较简单的问题。
东南大学1999年英语专业课考研真题试卷
东南大学1999年英语专业课考研真题试卷PART I STRUCTURE AND VOCABULARYDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choicesmarked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Markyour answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter. (25points)1. We shall have an opportunity to exchange _____ tomorrow.A. sightsB. meaningsC. viewsD. minds2. A man’s _____ lessens as he grows old.A. lifeB. effortC. temperD. vigor3. Will you _____ my clothes while I go for a swim?A.. watchB. noticeC. intendD. attend4. This room _____ 10 meters across.A. broadensB. measuresC. averagesD. lengthens5. Many birds _____ the island during the summer months.A. settleB. removeC. joinD. visit6. Nothing that I can see _____ what you have described.A. comparesB. resemblesC. relatesD. consists7. Now the income of the family was _____ more than one-third.A. returned toB. dropped offC. reached forD. cut down8. How far was he _____ for what had happened?A. reliableB. respectiveC. responsibleD. provided9.George took _____ of the fine weather to do a day’s work in his garden..A. advantage B. interest C. profit D. charge10.Richard _____ that his pen must have fallen from his pocket as he was runningfor the bus.A. consentedB. concludedC. contendedD. contested11.He ____ the key on the table.14.A. left B. lost C. remained D. brought up12.You have to act ____ if you are to save his life.A. rightlyB. immenselyC. immediatelyD. firstlyrry was so ____ in his novel that he forgot about his dinner cooking in theoven.A. absorbedB. drawnC. attractedD. obliged14.Her parents insisted that she ____ until she finished her degree.A. stayedB. stayC. staysD. would stay15.Watch your steps, _____ you might fall into the water.A. orB. andC. unlessD. but16.Ford proposed a system _____ each worker would have a special job to do.A.thatB. in whichC. whichD. at which17. This office ____ licenses for motor cars.A. furnishes withB. provides forC. deals inD. deals with18. The Americans and the British not only speak the same language butalso_____a largenumber of social customs.A. joinB. takeC. shareD. makeI9. I _____ swimming until Father returned.A. wentB. didn’t goC. hadn’t goneD. would go20._____ great was the destruction that the South took decades to recover.A. VeryB. TooC. SuchD. So21._____ the West End of London, the East End is a slum district where mostlythe working people live.A. By contrastB. By contrast toC. In contrastD. In contrast to22.The students _____ their thanks to Professor Davis by presenting him with aparting gift.A. revealedB. expressedC. showedD. said23. I _____ you to go to the Department of Education to ask for informationabout it.A. advertiseB. announceC. noticeD. advise24._____ the sea is rich with life, the most part of it is not nearly asproductive as the land.A. BecauseB. AlthoughC. AsD. When25. I remember my grandfather _____ me to the mountains when I was about 5 yearsof age.A. takingB. to takeC. takeD. had takenPART II CLOZEDirections: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices A, B, C and D. You should choose the answer that best fits into the passage, and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. (15 points)In recent years television has become the most popular form of entertainment. __1__ does not look as if it will be __2__ popular in the world of the future. In fact, it looks as __3__ television will become more popular __4__ ever. New systems of television have been made possibleby the __5__ of the laser. A laser is a beam of light__6__ has many strange qualities. By using a laser, it is possible to __7__ very large and very clear television pictures __8__ to a screen. These pictures __9__ as large as three meters __10__ three meters. Many people could__11__ this kind of television together.Laser beams have also __12__ very thin television sets possible. These sets can __13__ on the wall of a room. Another __14__ in the future will be three dimensional television; the picture will look more “real” __15__ it will have depth as well as height and strength.1. A. It B. That C. This D. Which2. A. few B. less C. much D. more3. A. if B. more C. so D. far4. A. for B. as C. than D. then5. A. illustration B. founding C. formatting D. discovery6. A. what B. that C. it D. as7. A. observe B. watch C. pick D. throw8. A. on B. near C. over D. in9. A. such B. about C. maybe D. may be10. A. for B. plus C. time D. by11. A. buy B. watch C. carry D. choose12. A. created B. manufactured C. made D. produced13. A. hung B. design C. hold D. devise14. A. resolution B. development C. encouragement D. condition15. A. while B. though C. because D. thereforePART III READING COMPREHENSIONDirections: There are 3 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements. Each of them is given 4 suggested answers A, B, C and. You should choose the ONE best answer and mark the corresponding letter on he Answer Sheet.(30 points)(1)There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises form the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrarythings. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people and make themselves disagreeable everywhere.If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation (模仿). It grows into a habit, unknown toits possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, sinceit brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those peopleoffend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobodywishes them success. Nor will anyone stir a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them,and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad habit and condescend (俯就) to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not,it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes veryinconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.1. People who are unhappyA. always consider things differently from others.B. usually are influenced by the results of certain things.C.can discover the unpleasant part of certain things.ually have a fault-finding habit.2. The phrase “sour the pleasures of society” most nearly meansA.“have a good taste to the pleasures of society”.B.“aren’t content with the pleasures of society”.C.“feel happy with the pleasures of society”.D.“enjoy the pleasures of society”3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A.We should pity all such unhappy people.B.Such unhappy people are critical about everything.C.If such unhappy people recognize the bad effects of the habit on themselvesthey may get rid of it.D. Such unhappy people are also not content with themselves.4. “scarcely that” meansA. “just like that”.B. “almost not like that”.C. “more than that”.D. “not at all like that”.5. If such unhappy persons don’t change their bad behavior, the author’s solution to the problem is thatA.people should avoid contact with them.B.people should criticize their misconduct.C.people should help them recognize the bad effects of the habit.D.people should show no respect and politeness to them.(2)Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it and the businessof trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone’s satisfaction. For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else. He offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly; he does so with skill and polish: “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the color you ment ioned.” Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is : “This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look round.” She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the sales woman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of valve when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with aroomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going form one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.6. When a man is buying clothes,A.he buys cheap things, regardless of quality.B.he chooses things that others recommend.C.he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things.D.he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too expensive.7. What does a man do when he cannot get exactly what he wants?A. He buys similar things of the color he wants.B.He usually does not buy anything.C.At least two of his requirements must be met before he buys.D.So long as the style is right, he buys the thing.8. In commerce a good salesman is one whoA. treats his customers sharply.B.always has in stock just what you want.C.does not waste his time on difficult customers.D.sells something a customer does particularly want.9. What does the passage tell us about women shoppers.A.They welcome suggestions from anyone.B.Women rarely consider buying cheap clothes.C.Women often buy things without giving the matter proper thought.D.They listen to advice but never take it.10.What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers?A.The fact that men do not try clothes on in a shop.B.Women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.C.Women stand up to shop, but men sit down.D.The time they take over buying clothes.(3)The free enterprise has produced a technology capable of providing the American consumer with the largest and most varied marketplace in the world. Technological advances, however, have come hand-in-hand with impersonal mass marketing of goods and services. Along with progress, too, have come some instances of manipulative advertising practices and a great increase of products whose reliability, safety and quality are difficult to evaluate.Today's consumers buy, enjoy, use and discard more types of goods than could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. Yet too often consumers have no idea of the materials that have gone into the manufacturer's finished product or their own motivation in selecting one product over another.Easy credit and forceful techniques of modern marketing persuade many consumers to buy what they cannot afford. The consequent overburdening of family budgets is a problem for consumers at all economic levels. It is not unusual for families to allocate 20 percent or more of their income to debt repayments without understanding the effect this allocation has upon other choices. Some families have such tight budgets that an illness, a period of unemployment, or some other crisis finds them without adequate reserves.In addition to the growing complexity of the market, consumers are sometimes faced with unfair and deceptive practices. Although there are laws designed to protect the consumers, there is not a sufficient number of law enforcers to cover all the abuses of the marketplace.An adult in today's society should be knowledgeable in the use of credit. Heshould understand what is involved in purchasing a house, and the many pitfalls to be avoided when entering into financial agreements. He should know enough about advertising and selling techniques to enable him todiscern the honest from the deceptive. He should be knowledgeable about consumer protection laws so that he can demand his rights. When he needs help, he should know the private and public sources to which he can turn for assistance.11. This passage is concerned mostly withA. the consequences of the free enterprise system inAmerica.B. the difficulty of living on a fixed income.C. innovative techniques in food processing.D.the advances of advertising techniques.12. The author implies thatA. products are more expensive in theU.S.than anywhere else.B. credit cards are often used illegally.C. products very often do not perform as advertised.D. most Americans like to buy what they cannot afford.13. Consumers often do not knowA. the brand names of products they buy regularly.B. why they purchase certain products.C. the current interest rates on savings accounts.D. where to buy cheaper things.14. The author warns the reader to be cautious whenA. buying items on sale.B. buying items on credit .C. buying items at discount.D. buying items advertised in newswwws.15. The author points out that some familiesA. are unprepared for financial emergencies.B. forget to claim interest charges on their income tax forms.C. spend more money on food than they would like to.D. purchase a house without knowing its true value.PART IV TRANSLATIONDirections: Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet. (15 points)（1）The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me. City-born and city-bred, I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasionally visit during the week-end. Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always gointo raptures at the mere mention of the country. Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of them has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months. Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life. He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and the gentle pace of living.(2)Punctuality is a necessary habit in all public affairs of a civilized society. Without it, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion; everything would be in a state of chaos. Only in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard it. In ordinary living there can be some tolerance of unpunctuality. The intellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has everything coordinated and organized for the matter in hand. He is therefore forgiven, if late for a dinner party. But people are often reproached for unpunctuality when their only fault is cutting things fine.PART V WRITING (15 points)Directions: Word limit 100-150 words.(由研究生院从以下三个作文题目中挑选一题):(1) Should Students Do Part-Time Jobs？(2) What Makes Life Worthwhile？(3) My Father/Mother。
2013东南大学MTI考研真题
东南大学2013翻译硕士考研真题回忆版写在前面：东南大学MTI不提供真题，所以我之前也费了好大力气也没找到很多资料，现在考完了，希望可以帮一下下一届的学弟学妹们，今天刚考完，有点累，先写真题篇，有时间再写考后感，不过我考的不好，估计是没戏了。
翻译硕士英语第一题，词汇选择30个，挺难的，自己之前做过各学校考研真题，可是东南大学竟然一个也没出。
看选项很多事专八单词，但是题干句子很长，而且有生词，不好理解句子意思。
第二题，阅读理解20个，共四篇，文章不长，第一篇是关于Harlem Renaissance，第二篇是关于V irginia W oolf的写作及作品，第三篇是关于Nuclear fusion power，文章就一段，有五个题目，不简单啊。
第四篇是关于Hawaii 的植物来源，有人说是Sea or air current的原因，有人说是bird feather 携带的。
阅读几乎每篇都有一个问题说，文章的观点能support 一下哪个question，以前没见过这样问的。
第三题，作文，memorization of information by frequent repetition，问它的usefulness outweigh limitations or not?英语翻译基础（一下是我在网上搜的，又删了和真题无关的东西，可能有些细微差别）英译汉，我在百度搜到了，The values of our society and similar ones in matters of moneyand wealth are perfectly clear. Rich men are seen as capable and wise. Richness means success, and we are success-oriented. Religious groups and those who elevate the status of poverty as they equate money with evil exhort us to live simply, to walk the straight and narrow, and to deny the flesh. Nevertheless, it takes little perceptual acuity to observe that the wealthy are given high positions in churches and synagogues, are continually feted at religiously supported affairs, and become the models for young churchgoers. Mixed messages are dangerous; psychologists generally agree that they set the stage for schizophrenia.Those who are born into absolute poverty and are destined to live in it typically have an easier time with the money issue. They learn early not to expect wealth and so avoid wasting emotions on such aspirations. They become a motivational in this regard. Some, on the other hand, determine to break out of their fettered status and relentlessly strive for their share of the gold. Generally, they are bright, very ambitious, and follow fellow models of success. They develop skills, become knowledgeable, develop expertise, and work very hard.A few of them make it, but frequently at great expense. Days and nights are spent in creating ideas, implementing plans and working all the shifts. Limited cash flow for rentals, purchase ofequipment and inventory, employees' salaries, and other expenses test the physical and emotional stamina of even the very strong. A unique idea accompanied by efficiency and good fortune does indeed make the money goal reachable. More often, there is a washout because of physical, emotional, and economic deficits. Many fine business ideas go down the drain in this way. In the meantime, family, friends, and health are flushed down as well.Contrary to expectation, the wealthy are lured into the money net just as readily -- perhaps more so -- as others. The bait is habit, insecurity, competitiveness, power control, and greed. With all the hype for everyone to save even a dollar at a time, it takes great discipline for those with small fixed incomes to pull dollars from a meager salary to place into a savings account which grows ever so slowly. Reinforcements are weak.The wealthy, on the other hand, have a different "problem" -- their money accounts grow so steadily and significantly that the habit easily becomes firmly imprinted. Money makes money so that reinforcements are powerful; in fact, it becomes difficult to spend money. What frequently occurs is inconsistent spending patterns. Great expenditures are made for vacations, restaurants, and clothi ng while there is excessive thriftiness in gas purchases, tipping waiters, bargain-hunting, and other small-saving outlets.汉译英，（前两年出散文，今年出了这种，意料之外。
2012东南大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题
2012东南大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题（回忆版）
翻译英语满分100分
1、今年前面30分全是选择题了，其中20个词汇选择，10个语法选择。
个人觉得词汇部分的较难，不仅词汇难，语句也相当长。
但是语法很简单。
2、3篇阅读，共20个选择。
阅读还是很需要英语底子的。
阅读文章较长。
第一篇文章是讲18世纪末19世纪初的欧洲社会风气什么的。
第二篇是讲美国内战时的一直黑人军队吧~ 第三篇是讲文学流派的，以一个作者为中心，是谁忘记了，涉及到古典主义，浪漫主义，现实主义什么的
3、作文，题目，Progress accomplished only through trial and error.至少300字。
翻译基础
英翻汉，汉翻英各一篇，英翻汉应该是一篇英语ZF换届选举的演讲稿吧，汉翻英是一篇散文，讲一个人会议自己研究生导师的故事。
三、百科
1、名词解释25个，是几段话，解释划线的词。
殿试，国子监（似乎这个2011年也考了），靖康之变，《直斋书录解题》，《太平广记》，《文心雕龙》，《玉台新咏》，“三曹”，建安风骨，古诗十九首，德国古典哲学，笛卡尔，二元论，客观唯心主义，费尔巴哈，理性主义美学，巴洛克风格，启蒙运动，庞贝故城，新古典主义，欧洲议会，关税同盟，欧共体，
2、应用文写作
以XX市ZF名义，给外地民工写一篇慰问信。
450字左右
3、命题作文，由《“虎妈”想到的……》中美教育方式的不同争议。
东南大学研究生英语雅思写作下学期大作业
On the Delay of Geographical Caching Methods in Two-Tiered Heterogeneous NetworksAbstractWe consider a hierarchical network that consists of mobile users, a two-tiered cellular network （namely small cellsand macro cells）and central routers, each of which follows a Poisson point process (PPP)。
In this scenario, small cells with limited—capacity backhaul are able to cache content under a given set of randomized caching policies and storage constraints。
Moreover，we consider three different content popularity models, namely fixed content popularity，distance—dependent and load—dependent,in order to model the spatio-temporal behavior of users’ content request patterns. We derive expressions for the average delay of users assuming perfect knowledge of content popularity distributions and randomized caching policies。
东南大学研究生一年级学术英语教科书答案chapter10
东南大学研究生一年级学术英语教科书答案chapter10Unit 101.1 Pre-reading tasksWhat should you consider about the journal you are going to submit the paper to? Factors to be considered: Impact factor(IF), manuscript processing time, journal mission and columns, citation, etc.What should you do to your paper before submission?Studying the publication format of the target journal, and revising the paper format according to the "Guide For Authors".What should be included in your submission e-Mail?A cover letter, enclosure of the paper, etc.How can we sound polite when we write the submission cover letter and reply to the decision letter?Use polite expression1.3.11.Paper title2. author,3.affiliation,4.research focus,5.interest declaration,6.correspondence 1.3.2Main idea: major revisionThe author should1. make point- to- point revision according to the reviewers' comment.2. Check spelling and format in the main body and the references3. Highlight the change in "track change "mode.4. Upload and resubmit the paper2.21. We are really sorry for the inappropriate language use. We have asked an English expert consultant to proof read the paper.2. We are very sorry for our incorrect reference to published literature, and checked instructions for authors for the required journal format.3. We have made correction according to the r eviewer’s comments on the use of +/- to express variation, and changed it to mean (SD).3.2 Response to revision letterDear Dr/ Prof. James Joyce,On behalf of my co-authors, we thank you very much for giving us an opportunity to revise our manuscript, we appreciate editor and reviewers very much for their positive and constructive comments and suggestions on our manuscript entitled “Hydroxyapatite / Tetracalcium Phosphate / Polyacrylic Acid Cement: Chemical-Physical Properties and Cytotoxicity”. (ID: IEJ-12-00123).We have studied reviewer’s comments carefully and have made revision which marked in red in the paper. We have tried our best to revise our manuscript according to the comments. Attached please find the revised version, which we would like to submit for your kind consideration.We would like to express our great appreciation to you and reviewers for comments on our paper. Looking forward to hearing from you.Thank you and best regards.Yours sincerely,Ling HuchongCorresponding author:Name: Qiao FengE-mail: qiaofeng@/doc/6a6946828.html,The attached letter:Dear D r/ Prof. James Joyce,Thank you fo r your letter and for the reviewers’ comments concerning our manuscript entitled “Paper Title” (ID: 文章稿号). Those comments are all valuable and very helpful for revising and improving our paper, as well as the important guiding significance to our researches. We have studied comments carefully and have made correction which we hope meet with approval. Revised portion are marked in red in the paper. The main corrections in the paper and the responds to the reviewer’s comments are as flowing:Responds to the r eviewer’s comments:Reviewer #1: The comments can be summarized as follows:1.It would be helpful if the title would reflect that this report is on a root end fillingmaterial.2.The entire manuscript needs to be edited for proper use of the English language andsyntax.3.This reviewer does not understand the connection between Earl and Ibbetson’s study andthe reference made to Bodrumlu. Please clarify.4.Check instructions for authors for the required journal format for referring to thepublished literature. And the figures have no numbers.Detailed Responses:1. It would be helpful if the title would reflect that this reportis on a root end filling material.Response: We have changed the title “Hydroxyapatite /Tetracalcium Phosphate / Polyacrylic Acid Cement: Chemical-Physical Properties and Cytotoxicity” to “A Novel Ro ot-End Filling Material Based on Hydroxyapatite / Tetracalcium Phosphate / Polyacrylic Acid Cement”.2. The entire manuscript needs to be edited for proper use of the English language and syntax.Response: According to the reviewer’s suggestion, we have ma de all corrections and all of the relevant changes have been marked in red in our revised manuscript. We have changed the description “To overcome these disadvantages, a new materia l, hydroxyapatite / tetracalcium phosphate/polyacrylic acid cement (HA/TTCP/PAA), with optimum properties…” to “In this study, we intend to develop a novel material, hydroxyapatite / tetracalcium phosphate / polyacrylic acid cement (HA/TTCP/PAA), with opti mum or improved properties…” in third paragraph, p.2. We have changed the description “The HA/TTCP/PAA paste was mixed….and the mixed with distilled water…” to “The HA/TTCP/PAA paste was formed by mixing its powder with distilled water…” in second paragra ph, p.3. We have changed the description “The paste of HA/TTCP/PAA, GIC and GPC were placed into a plastic plate…” to “The paste of HA/TTCP/PAA, GIC and GPC were placed into a plastic plate (10 mm diameter × 1 mm)” in second paragraph, p.4. We have chang ed the description “Compressive strength was calculated from the mean value of five samples of each group.” to “Compressive strength was calculated from the mean value of five samples of each group.” in third paragraph, p. 4. We have changed the descriptio n “The HA/TTCP/PAA, GIC and GPC pastes weremanually shaped separately in to an 8 mm diameter ball within 1 min….” to “At standard liquid/powder ratios each material (0.5 g powder) was mixed and immediately, but within 1 min, manipulated into a ball…” in f ifth paragraph, p. 4 . We have changed the description “The materials were set in the molds for 24 h at 37°C in 100% humidity.” to “Test materials were mixed according to their liquid/powder ratios and immediately placed into a circular mold (5 mm diameter × 2 mm). All the specimens were allowed to set for 24 h at 37℃ in 100% humidity.” in second paragraph, p. 5.3. This reviewer does not understand the connection between Earl and Ibbetson’s study and the reference made to Bodrumlu.Responses: We are very sorry for not being able to clarify the connection between Earl and Ibbetson’s study and the reference made to Bodrumlu in previous manuscript. Actually, we cited the Earl and Ibbetson’s study from the reference made to Bodrumlu, but the original reference from Earl and Ibbetson was reported in British Dental Journal in 1986.4. The authors should check instructions for authors for the required journal format for referring to the published literature. And the figures have no numbers.Responses: According to the reviewer’s requirement, we have made all relevant chang es according to instructions for authors.Reviewer #2: The comments can be summarized as follows:1.p. 5, ll. 22: It is unclear how the washout test was quantified. Please describe morethoroughly.2.p. 5, ll. 11: How do the authors know that the Et2Otreatment didn't affect the biologicalproperites of the the materials? It seems it would have been better.3.p. 5, MTT assay. The 5 mg/mL concentration exposed to L929 for 4 h can be cytotoxicby itself. How did the authors control for this potential problem?4.First paragraph, p. 8 (setting). This paragraph seems speculative and askance of theexperimental data for the most part. Please rewrite to relate more specifically to the XRD and IR data.Detailed Responses:1.p. 5, ll. 22: It is unclear how the washout test was quantified. Please describe more thoroughly.Response: We have changed the description “The HA/TTCP/PAA, GIC and GPC pastes were manually shaped separately into an 8 mm diameter ball within 1 min, and then they were…” to “ At standard liquid/powder ratios each material (0.5 g powder) was mixed and immediately, but within 1 min, manipulated into a ball. And then they were…” in p. 5, ll. 22.作者对论文评审员的评审意见均作了点对点的回应。