莎士比亚-sonnet-18-29-66的中文翻译及评析
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首的英文评论和赏析
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首的英文评论和赏析◎ 莎士比亚十四行诗第18首◇ 曹明伦译18 18我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和： Thou art more lovely and more temperate:狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断，Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过； And summer's lease hath all too short a date:有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热，Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗； And often is his gold complexion dimmed,而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落，And every fair from fair sometime declines,被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜； By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽， But thy eternal summer shall not fade,你所拥有的美貌也不会消失， Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫，Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时；When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛，So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。
十四行诗18英文赏析-莎士比亚[整理版]
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莎士比亚的第18首十四行诗的英文赏析我能否将你比作夏天？你比夏天更美丽温婉。
狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，夏日的勾留何其短暂。
休恋那丽日当空，转眼会云雾迷蒙。
休叹那百花飘零，催折于无常的天命。
唯有你永恒的夏日常新，你的美貌亦毫发无损。
死神也无缘将你幽禁，你在我永恒的诗中长存。
只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇，这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜。
这首诗的艺术特点首先是在于它有着双重主题：一是赞美诗人爱友的美貌，二是歌颂了诗歌艺术的不朽力量。
其次就是诗人在诗中运用了新颖的比喻，但又自然而生动。
Sonnet 18, often alternately titled Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?, is one of the best-known of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. Part of the Fair Y outh sequence (which comprises sonnets 1-126 in the accepted numbering stemming from the first edition in 1609), it is the first of the cycle after the opening sequence now described as the Procreation sonnets. Most scholars now agree that the original subject of the poem, the beloved to whom the poet is writing, is a male, though the poem is commonly used to describe a woman.In the sonnet, the poet compares his beloved to the summer season, and argues that his beloved is better. The poet also states that his beloved will live on forever through the words of the poem. Scholars have found parallels within the poem to Ovid's Tristia and Amores, both of which have love themes. Sonnet 18 is written in the typical Shakespearean sonnet form, having 14 lines of iambic pentameter ending in a rhymed couplet. Detailed exegeses have revealed several double meanings within the poem, giving it a greater depth of interpretation.Sonnet 18 is a typical English or Shakespearean sonnet. It consists of three quatrains followed by a couplet, and has the characteristic rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg. The poem carries the meaning of an Italian or Petrarchan Sonnet. Petrarchan sonnets typically discussed the love and beauty of a beloved, often an unattainable love, but not always.[5] It also contains a volta, or shift in the poem's subject matter, beginning with the third quatrain.A facsimile of the original printing of Sonnet 18.The poem starts with a line of adoration to the beloved—"Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" The speaker then goes on to say that the beloved being described is both "more lovely and more temperate" than a summer's day. Thespeaker lists some things that are negative about summer. It is too short—"summer's lease hath all too short a date"—and sometimes the sun shines too hot—"Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines." However, the beloved being described has beauty that will last forever, unlike the fleeting beauty of a summer's day. By putting his love's beauty into the form of poetry, the poet is preserving it forever by the power of his written words. "So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee." The hope is that the two lovers can live on, if not through children, then through the poems brought forth by their love which, unlike children, will not fadeA major feature of this poem - analogy. Begins with the first sentence, put "you" and "Summer" as a analogy, compare the second line of the initial determination: Are you more lovely than the summer, more gentle. The difference is due to produce its in-depth analysis of 3 to 14 lines. Specifically, the first line of 3.4.5.6.7.8 enumerated the "summer" all kinds of regrets, and 9.10.11.12.13.14 line tells the "you" all kinds of advantages compared to the natural draw a final conclusion: "Y ou" is far better than "Summer," "you" because in his poetry between the lines but also has a life, and time forever. Also noteworthy is the verse 13 and 14 are also, by analogy emphasized the "eternal nature."Throughout the poem, the poet freely to the "you" talk, it seems that "you" is a living person, to listen to his voice, understanding his thinking. So this poem can be said to be people in the application of techniques based on the written. The poem "Y ou" refers to an object, academia, there are two explanations, one view is that it refers to beauty, and the other that it refers to poetry to express the good things. Now most scholars prefer the latter.One of the best known of Shakespeare’s sonnets, Sonnet 18 is memorable for the skillful and varied presentation of subject matter, in which the poet’s feelings reach a level of rapture unseen in the previous sonnets. The poet here abandons his quest for the youth to have a child, and instead glories in the youth’s beauty.On the surface, the poem is simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved; summer tends to unpleasant extremes of windiness and heat, but the beloved is always mild and temperate. Summer is incidentally personified as the "eye of heaven" with its "gold complexion"; the imagery throughout is simple and unaffected, with the "darling buds of May" giving way to the "eternal summer", which the speaker promises the beloved. The language, too, is comparatively unadorned for the sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteration or assonance, and nearly every line is its own self-contained clause--almost every line ends with some punctuation, which effects a pause.Initially, the poet poses a question―”Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”―and then reflects on it, remarking that the youth’s beauty far surpasses summer’s delights. The imagery is the very essence of simplic ity: “wind”and “buds.”In the fourth line, legal terminology―”summer’s lease”―is introduced in contrast to the commonplace images in the first three lines. Note also the poet’s use of extremes in the phrases “more lovely,”“all too short,”and “too hot”; these phrases emphasize the young man’s beauty.Although lines 9 through 12 are marked by a more expansive tone and deeper feeling, the poetreturns to the simplicity of the opening images. As one expects in Shakespeare’s sonnets, the proposition that the poet sets up in the first eight lines―that all nature is subject to imperfection―is now contrasted in these next four lines beginning with “But.”Although beauty naturally declines at some point―”And every fair from fair sometime declines”―the youth’s beauty will not; his unchanging appearance is atypical of nature’s steady progression. Even death is impotent against the youth’s beauty. Note the ambiguity in the phrase “eternal lines”: Are these “lines”the poet’s verses or the youth’s hoped-for children? Or are they simply wrinkles meant to represent the process of aging? Whatever the answer, the poet is jubilant in this sonnet because nothing threatens the young man’s beautiful appearance.Sonnet 18 is the first poem in the sonnets not to explicitly encourage the young man to have children. The "procreation" sequence of the first 17 sonnets ended with the speaker's realization that the young man might not need children to preserve his beauty; he could also live, the speaker writes at the end of Sonnet 17, "in my rhyme." Sonnet 18, then, is the first "rhyme"--the speaker's first attempt to preserve the young man's beauty for all time. An important theme of the sonnet (as it is an important theme throughout much of the sequence) is the power of the speaker's poem to defy time and last forever, carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations. The beloved's "eternal summer" shall not fade precisely because it is embodied in the sonnet: "So long as men can breathe or eyes can see," the speaker writes in the couplet, "So long lives this, and this gives life to thee."大多数莎学家认为，是作者赞美好友的超常之美的。
(完整word版)莎士比亚_sonnet_29的中文翻译及评析
二十九首就是其中的一首。
这首诗热情地歌颂爱情,诗人在创作这首诗时,充分发挥了十四行诗的长处,采用了“先抑后扬”手法,层层推进,波澜起伏,道出了诗人的思想感情发展变化过程,开头四句这样写道:When ,in disgrace with Fortune and men’ eyes ,sI all alone beweep my outcast state ,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries ,And look upon myself ,and curse my fate ,从这四句我们可以读出,一开始诗人悲悲切切地唱出自己的悲惨处境“in disgrace with Fortune and,men’ eyes (失去了幸福,又遭人白眼。
”,慨叹自s )己生不逢时,身世凋零,即便是“cries (哭喊)”也是“bootless (无用的)”,不过是“trouble(麻烦)”“deafheaven(聋耳的苍天)”,真是叫天天不应,叫地地不灵,诗人只有“curse my fate(悲叹时运不济)”。
接着四句诗人更进一步吐露自己心中的自卑:Wishing me like to one more rich in hope ,Featured like him ,like him with friends possessed , Desiring this man’s art and that man’s scope ,With what I most enjoy contented least ,诗人羡慕人家“rich in hope(前程远大)”“Featured ,(一表人才) ”“ , with friends possessed (盛友如云) ” “Desiring(渴望有)”别人的“art (权威)”“scope (才, 华)”。
同这许多人相比,诗人觉得自惭形秽,痛苦悲伤,感觉自己一无是处,尤其的看轻自己“With , what I most enjoy contented least (于自己平素最得意的[指吟诗] ,倒最不满意)”,这四句诗真是把诗人的怨天尤人,痛苦万状的情绪推到了极点。
莎士比亚十四行诗第18首汉译
莎士比亚十四行诗第18首汉译1，朱湘译文我来比你作夏天，好不好？不，你比它更可爱，更温和：暮春的娇花有暴风侵扰，夏住在人间的时日不多：有时候天之目亮得太凌人，他的金容常被云霾掩蔽，有时因了意外，四季周行，今天的美明天已不再美丽：你的永存之夏却不黄萎，你的美丽亦将长寿万年，你不会死，死神无从夸嘴，因为你的名字入了诗篇：一天还有人活着，有眼睛，你的名字便将于此常新。
2，李霁野译文我来将你比作夏天吗?你比夏天更为可爱,更为温和:暴风摇落五月的柔嫩花芽,夏季的租赁期限要短得多:有的时候太阳照得太热,他的金色面孔常变阴暗;每种美有时都会凋零衰谢,由于机缘,或者由于自然变幻;但是你的永久夏季不会衰败,你的美也永远不会丧失;死亡不至夸口:你在他的阴影里徘徊, 当你在不朽的诗行中度日:——只要人还能呼吸，眼睛还能看望，这些诗行就会永存，使你万寿无疆。
3，梁宗岱译文我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？你不独比它可爱也比它温婉：狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。
但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。
只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。
4，梁实秋译文我可能把你和夏天相比拟？你比夏天更可爱更温和：狂风会把五月的花苞吹落地，夏天也嫌太短促，匆匆而过：有时太阳照得太热，常常又遮暗他的金色的脸；美的事物总不免要凋落，偶然的，或是随自然变化而流转。
但是你的永恒之夏不会褪色；你不会失去你的俊美的仪容；死神不能夸说你在他的阴影里面走着，如果你在这不朽的诗句里获得了永生；只要人们能呼吸，眼睛能看东西，此诗就会不朽，使你永久生存下去。
5，屠岸译文能不能让我把你比拟作夏日？你可是更加温和，更加可爱：狂风会吹落五月的好花儿，夏季的生命又未免结束得太快：有时候苍天的巨眼照得太灼热，他那金彩的脸色也会被遮暗；每一样美呀，总会离开美而凋落，被时机或者自然的代谢所摧残；但是你永久的夏天决不会凋枯，你永远不会失去你美的仪态；死神夸不着你在他影子里踯躅，你将在不朽的诗中与时间同在；只要人类在呼吸，眼睛看得见，我这诗就活着，使你的生命绵延。
Sonnet18赏析
赏析：莎士比亚所处的英国伊莉莎白时代是爱情诗的盛世，写十四行诗更是一种时髦。
莎士比亚的十四行诗无疑是那个时代的佼佼者，其十四行诗集更是流传至今，魅力不减。
他的十四行诗一扫当时诗坛的矫柔造作、绮艳轻糜、空虚无力的风气。
据说，莎士比亚的十四行诗是献给两个人的：前126首献给一个贵族青年，后面的献给一个黑肤女郎。
这首诗是十四行诗集中的第18首，属前者。
也有人说，他的十四行诗是专业的文学创作。
当然，这些无关宏旨，诗歌本身是伟大的。
莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想：爱征服一切。
他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。
诗人将抽象的概念转化成具体的形象，用可感可见的物质世界，形象生动地阐释了人文主义的命题。
诗的开头将“你”和夏天相比较。
自然界的夏天正处在绿的世界中，万物繁茂地生长着，繁阴遮地，是自然界的生命最昌盛的时刻。
那醉人的绿与鲜艳的花一道，将夏天打扮得五彩缤纷、艳丽动人。
但是，“你”却比夏天可爱多了，比夏天还要温婉。
五月的狂风会作践那可爱的景色，夏天的期限太短，阳光酷热地照射在繁阴班驳的大地上，那熠熠生辉的美丽不免要在时间的流动中凋残。
这自然界最美的季节和“你”相比也要逊色不少。
而“你”能克服这些自然界的不足。
“你”在最灿烂的季节不会凋谢，甚至“你”美的任何东西都不会有所损失。
“你”是人世的永恒，“你”会让死神的黑影在遥远的地方停留，任由死神的夸口也不会死去。
“你”是什么“你”与人类同在，你在时间的长河里不朽。
那人类精神的精华——诗，是你的形体吗或者，你就是诗的精神，就是人类的灵魂。
诗歌在形式上一改传统的意大利十四行诗四四三三体，而是采用了四四四二体：在前面充分地发挥表达的层次，在充分的铺垫之后，用两句诗结束全诗，点明主题。
全诗用新颖巧妙的比喻，华美而恰当的修饰使人物形象鲜明、生气鲜活。
诗人用形象的表达使严谨的逻辑推理变得生动有趣、曲折跌宕，最终巧妙地得出了人文主义的结论。
Shakespeare - Sonnet 18 This sonnet is by far one of the most interesting poems in the book. Of Shakespeare's sonnets in the text, this is one of the most moving lyric poems that I have ever read. There is great use of imagery within the sonnet. This is not to say that the rest of the poems in the book were not good, but this to me was the best, most interesting, and most beautiful of them. It is mainly due to the simplicity and loveliness of the poem抯praise of the beloved woman that it has guaranteed its place in my mind, and speaker of the poem opens with a question that is addressed to the beloved, "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day" This question is comparing her to the summer time of the year. It is during this time when the flowers are blooming, trees are full of leaves, the weather is warm, and it is generally thought of as an enjoyable time during the year. The following eleven lines in the poem are also dedicated to similar comparisons between the beloved and summer days. In lines 2 and 3, the speaker explains what mainly separates the young woman from the summer's day: she is "more lovely and more temperate." (Line 2) Summer's days tend toward extremes: they are sometimes shaken by "rough winds" (line3) which happens and is not always as welcoming as the woman. However in line 4, the speaker gives the feeling again that the summer months are often to short by saying, "And summer抯lease hath too short a date." In the summer days, the sun, "the eye of heaven" (line 5), often shines "too hot," or too dim, "his gold complexion dimmed" (line 6), that is there are many hot days during the summer but soon the sun begins to set earlier at night because autumn is approaching. Summer is moving along too quickly for the speaker, its time here needs to be longer, and it also means that the chilling of autumn is coming upon us because the flowers will soon be withering, as "every fair from fair sometime declines." (Line 7) The final portion of the sonnet tells how the beloved differs from the summer in various respects. Her beauty will be one that lasts forever, "Thy eternal summer shall not fade." (Line 9), and never end or die. In the couplet at the bottom, the speaker explains how that the beloved's beauty will accomplish this everlasting life unlike a summer. And it is because her beauty is kept alive in this poem, which will last forever. It will live "as long as men can breathe or eyes can see." (Line 13)On the surface, the poem is on the surface simply a statement of praise about the beauty ofthe beloved woman and perhaps summer to the speaker is sometimes too unpleasant with the extremes of windiness and heat that go along with it. However, the beloved in the poem is always mild and temperate by her nature and nothing at all like the summer. It is incidentally brought to life as being described as the "eye of heaven" with its "gold complexion". The imagery throughout the sonnet is simple and attainable to the reader, which is a key factor in understanding the poem. Then the speaker begins to describe the summer again with the "darling buds of May" giving way to the " summer抯lease", springtime moving into the warmth of the summer. The speaker then starts to promise to talk about this beloved, that is so great and awing that she is to live forever in this sonnet. The beloved is so great that the speaker will even go as far as to say that, "So long as men breathe, or eyes can see," the woman will live. The language is almost too simple when comparing it to the rest of Shakespeare抯sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteration or verse, and nearly every line is its own self-contained clause, almost every line ends with some punctuation that effects a pause. But it is this that makes Sonnet18 stand out for the rest in the book. It is much more attainable to understand and it allows for the reader to fully understand how great this beloved truly is because she may live forever in it. An important theme of the sonnet, as it is an important theme throughout much of the poetry in general, is the power of the speaker's poem to defy time and last forever. And so by doing this it is then carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations and eventually for al of eternity. The beloved's "eternal summer" shall not fade precisely because it is embodied in the sonnet: "So long as men can breathe or eyes can see," (line 13) the speaker writes in the couplet, "So long lives this, and this gives life to thee."(Line 14) With this the speaker is able to accomplish what many have done in poetry and that is to give the gift of an eternal life to someone that they believe is special and outshines everyone else around them. Perhaps it is because of a physical beauty that the speaker see, but I believe that it is more because of the internal beauty as seen in line 2, "Thou art more lovely and more temperate", that the beloved is deserving to live on forever.。
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首赏析
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首赏析(总2页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首赏析摘要：莎士比亚是英国文学史上泰斗级人物。
他创作的的154首十四行一向为时人推崇。
十四行诗达到了登峰造极的程度，成为英诗史上璀璨的明珠。
这理所要赏析的是莎翁十四行诗的第十八首，其热烈的情怀，精致的措辞和美妙的比喻，，不知令多少学者和诗人叹服，赏析文字者莫不称颂其妙。
关键词：莎士比亚十四行诗第18首诗人一开头就把他的爱友比作美好的“夏天”，其中“夏天”一词颇有争论，很多学者认为应该翻译成春天，但以我个人的观点，还是应该译成夏天。
因为英国的夏天相当于我国的春天或春末夏初，这是一年中最美好的季节，风和日暖，枝头绿叶冒新芽，百花含苞待开放，大地充满一派生机活力，迷人可爱。
开篇第一句便直入主题，用一问一答得方式毫不含蓄的点名她的美。
虽然夏天如此美丽，但仍然不及她之美。
作者意不在提出疑问，而是通过疑问句，引出第二句肯定的回答，恰如其分地达到赞赏的目的，诗人如此煞费，说明她的美丽不仅令他赞赏，而且还令他崇敬。
这比开篇便用一陈述句更有说服力。
接着第3456句，诗人进一步解释为什么“你比它可爱也比它温婉”，那是因为“狂风”会把“五月的嫩芽摧残”，“夏天的期限”太过于短暂，阳光过于“强烈”，有时却也会被“遮掩”。
这一系列的意象，为我们勾勒出一副副夏景图，引人遐想。
其中不难看出，作者对这一副副图景产生的是一种怜惜之情，这时让我们不禁思考，那诗人对她的怜爱，该有多么深沉。
后接着的两句：“世上娇艳之物都会凋零，受机缘或大自然的局限”，为我们阐释这样一个哲理：世界上所有美丽的事物都会有遵循着大自然的规律，随着时间的流逝而消失。
这虽为一个众所周知的事实，却令古今多少文人墨客所感叹。
接着，诗人用一个转折，说“你的长夏永远不会消逝，永不会失去迷人的光彩；不会在死神阴影中漂泊”这的用暗喻的手法，将她的美丽比作“长夏”，意为有夏天的美丽，而且比夏天更长，有取夏天之长，补夏天之短的意味。
莎士比亚Sonnet29几种译本的批评与赏析..
3. 批评必须避免随意性和盲目性、杜绝胡批乱评和感 想式的点评，应该在一定的理论指导下，历史地、 客观地、全面地、系统地去观察和分析翻译过程和 翻译结果，必须尽可能做到客观、科学和公正；
4. 批评者不仅必须具有良好的职业素质、严肃认真 和一丝不苟的工作态度， 扎实的语言基本功和广博的文化知识，而且应当 同时是一个“作者、译者、译文阅读者、译文分 析家、翻译理论家与翻译史家”；
• 梁1译： 愿我和另一个一样富于希望， 面貌相似，又和他一样广交游， 希求这人的渊博，那人的内行， 最赏心的乐事觉得最不对头； • 曹译： 总指望自己像人家前程似锦， 梦此君美貌，慕斯宾朋满座， 叹彼君艺高，馋夫机遇缘分， 却偏偏看轻自家的至福极乐； • 辜译： 我但愿，愿胸怀千般心愿， 愿有三朋六友和美貌之颜； 愿有才华盖世，有文采斐然， 唯对自己的长处，偏偏看轻看淡。 •梁2译： 愿自己能像某人之前途光明， 有某人的仪表，有某人广大的交际， 羡慕这一个的文笔，那一个才气纵横， 对于自己的这一份最不满意；
曹译： 因想到你甜蜜的爱价值千金， 我不屑与帝王交换我的处境。
梁2译：
想起了你的爱，那真是财富无限， 虽南面王的地位我不屑于交换。
几点建议
1. 充分了并认真贯彻执行党和国家的相关政策和法规， 将翻译批评活动置于政治的要求之下；
2. 正视原文作者、译文作者和翻译批评者之间的时空 距离，翻译批评时应该正确用历史唯物主义和辨证 唯物主义的观点去看待这种距离；
翻译批评就其思想方法而论可分为3类： 1） 功能性批评（functional approach）, 2） 分析性批评（analytical approach） 3） 对比性批评（comparative approach） 对比性批评是选择同一原作的若干种译文， 同时采用译文与原文对比、译文与译文对 比的方法找出各自的优劣之处。好的加以 褒奖，劣的予以批评。
莎士比亚Sonnet 29 几种译本的批评与赏析共25页
56、书不仅是生活，而且是现在、过 去和未 来文化 生活的 源泉。 ——库 法耶夫 57、生命不可能有两次，但许多人连一 次也不 善于度 过。— —吕凯 特 58、问渠哪得清如许，为有源头活水来 。—— 朱熹 59、我的努力求学没有得到别的好处， 只不过 是愈来 愈发觉 自己的 无知。 ——笛 卡儿
拉
60、生活的道路一旦选定，就要勇敢地 走到底 ，决不 回头。 ——左
莎士比亚Sonnet 29 几种译 本的批评与赏析
26、机遇对于有准备的头脑有特别的 亲和力 。 27、自信是人格的核心。
28、目标的坚定是性格中最必要的力 量泉源 之一， 也是成 功的利 器之一 。没有 它，天 才也会 在矛盾 无定的 迷径中 ，徒劳 无功。- -查士 德斐尔 爵士。 29、困难就是机遇。--温斯顿．丘吉 尔。 30、我奋斗，所以我快乐。--格林斯 潘。
Shakespeare Sonnets选篇译文赏析
Shakespeare’s Sonnets选篇译文赏析0906 刘颖1609年，莎士比亚发表了他最后一部出版的非戏剧类著作《十四行诗》。
学者认为，154首十四行诗总的来说被莎士比亚分为两个相对的系列：一个是关于意为皮肤白皙的年轻男子纯洁的爱（sonnet1到sonnet126）；另一个则是关于对一位已婚皮肤黝黑的女子的不可抑制的欲望（sonnet127到sonnet152）。
但尽管有大量学者研究，至今仍不清楚：是否这些人物代表了真实的人？诗中的“我”是否代表莎士比亚？如果是，莎士比亚的性取向到底是什么？献词中的MR. W.H.又到底是何许人?虽然疑问重重，评论家们普遍赞美Shakespeare’s Sonnets 是爱、性欲、生殖、死亡和时间的本性的深刻思索。
在此，我将结合《莎士比亚十四行诗》田伟华译本（中国画报出版社，2011年3月第1版）和辜正坤的《莎士比亚十四行诗》（中国对外翻译出版社，2008年1月），在两个方面对与作者鼓励爱人结婚生子有关的十四行诗的翻译进行分析。
一、对亲爱的朋友及其容貌的描写纵观154首诗，莎士比亚在对爱人的赞美及对其美貌的描述可谓多姿多彩、语汇丰富、用词洗练、比喻新颖。
Sonnet 1中，“thou that art now the world’s fresh ornament, and only herald to the gaudy spring.” thou that art在现代英语中也就是you who are, fresh指人的外表年轻的、健康的，herald是使者的意思。
因此，田伟华先生译为“你是当今世界最新鲜的装饰品，你是灿烂春天里的唯一信使”文采与感情兼具。
Sonnet 2中,“when forty winters shall besiege thy br ow, and dig deep trenches in thy beauty’s field”这里的besiege指“包围”，可知作者在1、2行将岁月侵蚀美貌进行军事比喻，因此喻指皱纹的trenches译为“战壕”更合适。
Shakespeare-Sonnets选篇译文赏析
Shakespeare’s Sonnets选篇译文赏析0906 刘颖1609年，莎士比亚发表了他最后一部出版的非戏剧类著作《十四行诗》。
学者认为，154首十四行诗总的来说被莎士比亚分为两个相对的系列：一个是关于意为皮肤白皙的年轻男子纯洁的爱（sonnet1到sonnet126）；另一个则是关于对一位已婚皮肤黝黑的女子的不可抑制的欲望（sonnet127到sonnet152）。
但尽管有大量学者研究，至今仍不清楚：是否这些人物代表了真实的人？诗中的“我”是否代表莎士比亚？如果是，莎士比亚的性取向到底是什么？献词中的MR. W.H.又到底是何许人?虽然疑问重重，评论家们普遍赞美Shakespeare’s Sonnets 是爱、性欲、生殖、死亡和时间的本性的深刻思索。
在此，我将结合《莎士比亚十四行诗》田伟华译本（中国画报出版社，2011年3月第1版）和辜正坤的《莎士比亚十四行诗》（中国对外翻译出版社，2008年1月），在两个方面对与作者鼓励爱人结婚生子有关的十四行诗的翻译进行分析。
一、对亲爱的朋友及其容貌的描写纵观154首诗，莎士比亚在对爱人的赞美及对其美貌的描述可谓多姿多彩、语汇丰富、用词洗练、比喻新颖。
Sonnet 1中，“thou that art now the world’s fresh ornament, and only herald to the gaudy spring.” thou that art在现代英语中也就是you who are, fresh指人的外表年轻的、健康的，herald是使者的意思。
因此，田伟华先生译为“你是当今世界最新鲜的装饰品，你是灿烂春天里的唯一信使”文采与感情兼具。
Sonnet 2中,“when forty winters shall besiege thy b row, and dig deep trenches in thy beauty’s field”这里的besiege 指“包围”，可知作者在1、2行将岁月侵蚀美貌进行军事比喻，因此喻指皱纹的trenches译为“战壕”更合适。
Sonnet18赏析
赏析：莎士比亚所处的英国伊莉莎白时代是爱情诗的盛世，写十四行诗更是一种时髦。
莎士比亚的十四行诗无疑是那个时代的佼佼者，其十四行诗集更是流传至今，魅力不减。
他的十四行诗一扫当时诗坛的矫柔造作、绮艳轻糜、空虚无力的风气。
据说，莎士比亚的十四行诗是献给两个人的：前126首献给一个贵族青年，后面的献给一个黑肤女郎。
这首诗是十四行诗集中的第18首，属前者。
也有人说，他的十四行诗是专业的文学创作。
当然，这些无关宏旨，诗歌本身是伟大的。
莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想：爱征服一切。
他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。
诗人将抽象的概念转化成具体的形象，用可感可见的物质世界，形象生动地阐释了人文主义的命题。
诗的开头将“你”和夏天相比较。
自然界的夏天正处在绿的世界中，万物繁茂地生长着，繁阴遮地，是自然界的生命最昌盛的时刻。
那醉人的绿与鲜艳的花一道，将夏天打扮得五彩缤纷、艳丽动人。
但是，“你”却比夏天可爱多了，比夏天还要温婉。
五月的狂风会作践那可爱的景色，夏天的期限太短，阳光酷热地照射在繁阴班驳的大地上，那熠熠生辉的美丽不免要在时间的流动中凋残。
这自然界最美的季节和“你”相比也要逊色不少。
而“你”能克服这些自然界的不足。
“你”在最灿烂的季节不会凋谢，甚至“你”美的任何东西都不会有所损失。
“你”是人世的永恒，“你”会让死神的黑影在遥远的地方停留，任由死神的夸口也不会死去。
“你”是什么？“你”与人类同在，你在时间的长河里不朽。
那人类精神的精华——诗，是你的形体吗？或者，你就是诗的精神，就是人类的灵魂。
诗歌在形式上一改传统的意大利十四行诗四四三三体，而是采用了四四四二体：在前面充分地发挥表达的层次，在充分的铺垫之后，用两句诗结束全诗，点明主题。
全诗用新颖巧妙的比喻，华美而恰当的修饰使人物形象鲜明、生气鲜活。
诗人用形象的表达使严谨的逻辑推理变得生动有趣、曲折跌宕，最终巧妙地得出了人文主义的结论。
Shakespeare - Sonnet 18 This sonnet is by far one of the most interesting poems in the book. Of Shakespeare's sonnets in the text, this is one of the most moving lyric poems that I have ever read. There is great use of imagery within the sonnet. This is not to say that the rest of the poems in the book were not good, but this to me was the best, most interesting, and most beautiful of them. It is mainly due to the simplicity and loveliness of the poem抯praise of the beloved woman that it has guaranteed its place in my mind, and heart.The speaker of the poem opens with a question that is addressed to the beloved, "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" This question is comparing her to the summer time of the year. It is during this time when the flowers areblooming, trees are full of leaves, the weather is warm, and it is generally thought of as an enjoyable time during the year. The following eleven lines in the poem are also dedicated to similar comparisons between the beloved and summer days. In lines 2 and 3, the speaker explains what mainly separates the young woman from the summer's day: she is "more lovely and more temperate." (Line 2) Summer's days tend toward extremes: they are sometimes shaken by "rough winds" (line3) which happens and is not always as welcoming as the woman. However in line 4, the speaker gives the feeling again that the summer months are often to short by saying, "And summer抯lease hath too short a date." In the summer days, the sun, "the eye of heaven" (line 5), often shines "too hot," or too dim, "his gold complexion dimmed" (line 6), that is there are many hot days during the summer but soon the sun begins to set earlier at night because autumn is approaching. Summer is moving along too quickly for the speaker, its time here needs to be longer, and it also means that the chilling of autumn is coming upon us because the flowers will soon be withering, as "every fair from fair sometime declines." (Line 7) The final portion of the sonnet tells how the beloved differs from the summer in various respects. Her beauty will be one that lasts forever, "Thy eternal summer shall not fade." (Line 9), and never end or die. In the couplet at the bottom, the speaker explains how that the beloved's beauty will accomplish this everlasting life unlike a summer. And it is because her beauty is kept alive in this poem, which will last forever. It will live "as long as men can breathe or eyes can see." (Line 13)On the surface, the poem is on the surface simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved woman and perhaps summer to the speaker is sometimes too unpleasant with the extremes of windiness and heat that go along with it. However, the beloved in the poem is always mild and temperate by her nature and nothing at all like the summer. It is incidentally brought to life as being described as the "eye of heaven" with its "gold complexion". The imagery throughout the sonnet is simple and attainable to the reader, which is a key factor in understanding the poem. Then the speaker begins to describe the summer again with the "darling buds of May" giving way to the " summer抯lease", springtime moving into the warmth of the summer. The speaker then starts to promise to talk about this beloved, that is so great and awing that she is to live forever in this sonnet. The beloved is so great that the speaker will even go as far as to say that, "So long as men breathe, or eyes can see," the woman will live. The language is almost too simple when comparing it to the rest of Shakespeare抯sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteration or verse, and nearly every line is its own self-containedclause, almost every line ends with some punctuation that effects a pause. But it is this that makes Sonnet18 stand out for the rest in the book. It is much more attainable to understand and it allows for the reader to fully understand how great this beloved truly is because she may live forever in it. An important theme of the sonnet, as it is an important theme throughout much of the poetry in general, is the power of the speaker's poem to defy time and last forever. And so by doing this it is then carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations and eventually for al of eternity. The beloved's "eternal summer" shall not fade precisely because it is embodied in the sonnet: "So long as men can breathe or eyes can see," (line 13) the speaker writes in the couplet, "So long lives this, and this gives life to thee."(Line 14) With this the speaker is able to accomplish what many have done in poetry and that is to give the gift of an eternal life to someone that they believe is special and outshines everyone else around them. Perhaps it is because of a physical beauty that the speaker see, but I believe that it is more because of the internal beauty as seen in line 2, "Thou art more lovely and more temperate", that the beloved is deserving to live on forever.。
莎士比亚 sonnet 18 29 66的中文翻译及评析
18莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想：爱征服一切。
他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。
诗人将抽象的概念转化成具体的形象，用可感可见的物质世界，形象生动地阐释了人文主义的命题。
诗的开头将“你”和夏天相比较。
自然界的夏天正处在绿的世界中，万物繁茂地生长着，繁阴遮地，是自然界的生命最昌盛的时刻。
那醉人的绿与鲜艳的花一道，将夏天打扮得五彩缤纷、艳丽动人。
但是，“你”却比夏天可爱多了，比夏天还要温婉。
五月的狂风会作践那可爱的景色，夏天的期限太短，阳光酷热地照射在繁阴班驳的大地上，那熠熠生辉的美丽不免要在时间的流动中凋残。
这自然界最美的季节和“你”相比也要逊色不少。
而“你”能克服这些自然界的不足。
“你”在最灿烂的季节不会凋谢，甚至“你”美的任何东西都不会有所损失。
“你”是人世的永恒，“你”会让死神的黑影在遥远的地方停留，任由死神的夸口也不会死去。
“你”是什么？“你”与人类同在，你在时间的长河里不朽。
那人类精神的精华——诗，是你的形体吗？或者，你就是诗的精神，就是人类的灵魂。
诗歌在形式上一改传统的意大利十四行诗四四三三体，而是采用了四四四二体：在前面充分地发挥表达的层次，在充分的铺垫之后，用两句诗结束全诗，点明主题。
全诗用新颖巧妙的比喻，华美而恰当的修饰使人物形象鲜明、生气鲜活。
诗人用形象的表达使严谨的逻辑推理变得生动有趣、曲折跌宕，最终巧妙地得出了人文主义的结论。
二十九首就是其中的一首。
这首诗热情地歌颂爱情,诗人在创作这首诗时,充分发挥了十四行诗的长处,采用了“先抑后扬”手法,层层推进,波澜起伏,道出了诗人的思想感情发展变化过程,开头四句这样写道:When ,in disgrace with Fortune and men’ eyes ,sI all alone beweep my outcast state ,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries ,And look upon myself ,and curse my fate ,从这四句我们可以读出,一开始诗人悲悲切切地唱出自己的悲惨处境“in disgrace with Fortune and,men’ eyes (失去了幸福,又遭人白眼。
莎士比亚-sonnet-18-29-66的中文翻译及评析
18莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想：爱征服一切。
他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。
诗人将抽象的概念转化成具体的形象，用可感可见的物质世界，形象生动地阐释了人文主义的命题。
诗的开头将“你〞和夏天相比较。
自然界的夏天正处在绿的世界中，万物繁茂地生长着，繁阴遮地，是自然界的生命最昌盛的时刻。
那醉人的绿与鲜艳的花一道，将夏天打扮得五彩缤纷、艳丽动人。
但是，“你〞却比夏天可爱多了，比夏天还要温婉。
五月的狂风会作践那可爱的景色，夏天的期限太短，阳光酷热地照射在繁阴班驳的大地上，那熠熠生辉的美丽不免要在时间的流动中凋残。
这自然界最美的季节和“你〞相比也要逊色不少。
而“你〞能克服这些自然界的不足。
“你〞在最灿烂的季节不会凋谢，甚至“你〞美的任何东西都不会有所损失。
“你〞是人世的永恒，“你〞会让死神的黑影在遥远的地方停留，任由死神的夸口也不会死去。
“你〞是什么？“你〞与人类同在，你在时间的长河里不朽。
那人类精神的精华——诗，是你的形体吗？或者，你就是诗的精神，就是人类的灵魂。
诗歌在形式上一改传统的意大利十四行诗四四三三体，而是采用了四四四二体：在前面充分地发挥表达的层次，在充分的铺垫之后，用两句诗结束全诗，点明主题。
全诗用新颖巧妙的比喻，华美而恰当的修饰使人物形象鲜明、生气鲜活。
诗人用形象的表达使严谨的逻辑推理变得生动有趣、曲折跌宕，最终巧妙地得出了人文主义的结论。
二十九首就是其中的一首。
这首诗热情地歌颂爱情,诗人在创作这首诗时,充分发挥了十四行诗的长处,采用了“先抑后扬〞手法,层层推进,波澜起伏,道出了诗人的思想感情发展变化过程,开头四句这样写道:When ,in disgrace with Fortune and men’ eyes ,sI all alone beweep my outcast state ,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries ,And look upon myself ,and curse my fate ,从这四句我们可以读出,一开始诗人悲悲切切地唱出自己的悲惨处境“in disgrace with Fortune and,men’ eyes (失去了幸福,又遭人白眼。
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首的英文评论和赏析[珍藏版】
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首的英文评论和赏析18 18我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？ Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和： Thou art more lovely and more temperate:狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断， Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过； And summer's lease hath all too short a date:有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热， Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗； And often is his gold complexion dimmed,而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落， And every fair from fair sometime declines,被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜； By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽， But thy eternal summer shall not fade,你所拥有的美貌也不会消失， Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫， Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时； When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛， So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.注：第11行语出《旧约•诗篇》第23篇第4节：“虽然我穿行于死荫之幽谷，但我不怕罹祸，因为你与我同在……”英文赏析：This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison。
莎翁十四行诗18之译文
莎翁十四行诗18之译文（32个版本）（韩戈玲 2010-9整理）[1]梁实秋译.莎士比亚全集：十四行诗[M].台湾：远东图书公司，1968.[2]杨熙龄译.莎士比亚十四行诗集[M].呼和浩特：内蒙古人民出版社，1980.5.[3]梁宗岱译.莎士比亚十四行诗[M].成都：四川人民出版社，1983.11.[4]屠岸译.莎士比亚十四行诗集[M].上海：上海译文出版社，1992.6.[5]曹明伦译.莎士比亚十四行诗全集[M].桂林：漓江出版社，1995.[6]虞尔昌（朱生豪的大学挚友）译.莎士比亚十四行诗集[M].台北：台北世界书局，1996.[7]辜正坤译.莎士比亚十四行诗集[M].北京：北京大学出版社，1998.9.[8]梁实秋译.莎士比亚全集：十四行诗（英汉对照）[M].中国广播电视出版社，2002.1.[9]金发燊译.莎士比亚十四行诗集[M].桂林：广西师范大学出版社，2004.11.[10]王勇译.莎士比亚十四行诗（英汉对照）[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨出版社，2003.2.[11]李鸿鸣译.十四行诗（英汉对照）[M].哈尔滨：北方文艺出版社，2005.12 1、梁宗岱译文我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？你不独比它可爱也比它温婉：狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。
但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。
只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。
2、译文：梁实秋我可能把你和夏天相比拟？你比夏天更可爱更温和：狂风会把五月的花苞吹落地，夏天也嫌太短促，匆匆而过：有时太阳照得太热，常常又遮暗他的金色的脸；美的事物总不免要凋落，偶然的，或是随自然变化而流转。
但是你的永恒之夏不会褪色；你不会失去你的俊美的仪容；死神不能夸说你在他的阴影里面走着，如果你在这不朽的诗句里获得了永生；只要人们能呼吸，眼睛能看东西，此诗就会不朽，使你永久生存下去。
莎士比亚十四行诗翻译和解读
莎⼠⽐亚⼗四⾏诗翻译和解读Sonnet 181. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Could I compare you to the time/days of summer?2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:You are more lovely and more gentle and mild than the days.3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,The wild wind shakes the favorite flowers of May.4. And summer's lease hath all too short a dateAnd the duration of summer has a limited period of time.5. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,Sometimes the sun shinning is too hot.6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And his gold skin of the face will be dimmed by the clouds.7. And every fair from fair sometime declines,Every beautiful thing and person will decline from previous state of beauty.8. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:(the beauty) will be stripped of by chance or changes of season in the nature.9. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,But your summer exists forever and will not lose color/freshness or vigor. 10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,You will never lose your own beauty either.11. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,The Death can’t boast that you wander in his shadow.12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,You grow as time grows in the undying lines of my verse.13. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long as men can live in the world with sight and breath,14. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.This poem will exist and you will live in it forever.Formal features14 lines4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 coupletRhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameterRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggStructure:1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转”(a change in direction, thought, or emotion)the couplet: a summary or conclusionThe theme:The main theme is t he power of the speaker’s poem to defy time and last forever, carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations.What is it about?The speaker opens the poem with a question addressed to the beloved: “Shall I compare thee toa summer’s day?” The next eleven lines are devoted to such a comparison. Summer: (Line 3: rough winds；4：too short；5. too hot；6. too dimmed；7&8. beautiful things will die) Sonnet 18 is the first poem in the sonnets not to explicitly encourage the young man to have children. The “procreation” sequence of the first 17 sonnets ended with the speaker’s realization that the young man might not need children to preserve his beauty; he could also live forever in this poem.Figures of speechIn line (5 ) There is a Metaphor .In line ( 5+6 ) There is a Personification .( eye of Heaven shines ) : Eye of heaven = the sunThe sun became dark because dark of clouds .In Line (9+10+12 ) There is a Hyperbole .In Line ( 11 )There is a personification .In Line ( 14 ) There is an Inverted order .Analysis: （拓展）The poem works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise.The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, and sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.Sonnet 1301. My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;My lady’s eyes aren’t like the sun at all.2. Coral is far more red, than her lips red:Coral is much redder than her lips.3. If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;If snow is white, then her breasts are brown.4. If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.If hair is as coarse as threads, then her hair is full of black threads.5. I have seen roses damasked, red and white,I have seen the pinkish, red and white roses.6. But no such roses see I in her cheeks;But I can see such kinds of roses in her cheeks.7. And in some perfumes is there more delightThere is much tempting/attractive fragrance.8. Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks.The fragrance is more attractive than her steamy, sweaty and unsavory smells.9. I love to hear her speak, yet well I knowI like listening to her speaking, but I am also aware that10. That music hath a far more pleasing sound:The sound of music is much more favorable than her sound.11. I grant I never saw a goddess go,I admit that I never saw a goddess walking by.12. My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:My mistress stamps on the floor when she walks.13. And yet by heaven, I think my love as rare,But I can swear to God that my lover is as precious as15. As any she belied with false compare.As any woman who has been misrepresented by ridiculous comparisons.Formal features14 lines4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 coupletRhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameterRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggStructure:1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转”(a change in direction, thought, or emotion)the couplet: a summary or conclusionThemeThe poet suggests their love is rare because he does not desire her to be something she is not.It's about finding love in spite of (or maybe even because of) physical flaws.It pokes fun at our obsession with looks and to show how ridiculous it is to ask any person to live up to some ideal of perfect beauty.Figures of speechNegative similesSimile may also be expressed in the negative form“My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun”Etc.Ironic toneThe sonnet appears to be humorous, but the couplet displays the deeply romantic tone of the poem.Analysis（拓展）In many ways, Shakespeare’s sonnets subvert and reverse the conventions of the Petrarchan love sequence: the idealizing love poems, for instance, are written not to a perfect woman but to an admittedly imperfect man, and the love poems to the dark lady are anything but idealizing, like this one. He describes the woman that he loves in extremely unflattering terms but claims that he truly loves her, which lends credibility to his claim because even though he does not find her attractive, he still declares his love for her.Sonnet 1291. The expense of spirit in a waste of shameThe expenditure of sexual energy in a desert of shameful moral decay2. Is lust in action: and till action, lustIs the lust/letch acting: and before having sexual intercourse, lust3. Is perjured, murderous, bloody, full of blame,Is dishonest, murderous, violent and blameworthy with a lot of guilt.4. Savage, extreme, rude, cruel, not to trust;Barbaric, extreme, rude, cruel, and untrustworthy.5. Enjoyed no sooner but despised straight;As soon as lust has been enjoyed, it is hated.6. Past reason hunted; and no sooner had,Lust is pursued beyond the control of reason, as soon as lust is fulfilled,7. Past reason hated, as a swallowed bait,It is hated irrationally like a bait that a fish swallows8. On purpose laid to make the taker mad.(The bait) set on purpose to make the trapped creature react with frenzy.9. Mad in pursuit and in possession so;10. Had, having, and in quest to have extreme;The taker is insane in pursuing one's lust and mad in possessing the object of lust: going to extremes in having had it, in the having of it, and in seeking to have it;11. A bliss in proof, and proved, a very woe;A heavenly sensation while it is being experienced. Once you are done, it is a true sorrow.12. Before, a joy proposed; behind a dream.An expected joy exists before having it; after having it, it seems like a dream.13. All this the world well knows; yet none knows wellEveryone in the world knows it very well, but no one knows14. To shun the heaven that leads men to this hell.To avoid the tempting sense of delight which leads men to hell.Formal features14 lines4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 coupletRhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameterRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggStructure:1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转”(a change in direction, thought, or emotion)the couplet: a summary or conclusionThemeAbout lust.–Lines 1-2: lust in action (shameful and wasteful...)–Lines 3-4: lust before action (dishonest, murderous, bloody…)–Lines 5-8: a comparison between lust before and after action (enjoyed vs.despised; both are past-reason / mad) – lust causes madness!–Lines 9-12: a comparison between lust before and after action. (bliss vs. woe;joy vs. dream) – lust causes sadness and disillusionment.–Lines 13-14: a conclusion.Figures of speechSimile: taker of lust as a hooked fishPersonification: lust as a personContrasts: "before" vs. "behind" (after), "heaven" vs. "hell," and so on.Analysis （拓展）The profound hatred of sexuality, sexual pessimismIts hatred of sexuality derives from the Christian imperative of the virginal life and the dislike of all bodily functionsIt gives essentially a phallo-centric view of sexImpersonal tone: The speaker never says outright that he is writing about his own experience; instead, he presents the poem as an impersonal description, a catalogue of the kinds of experience offered by lust.。
英语学习资料：莎士比亚十四行诗18中英对照
英语学习资料：莎士比亚十四行诗18中英对照莎士比亚十四行诗18中英对照莎士比亚（1564-1616）是英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人，代表作有四大悲剧：《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）、《奥赛罗》（Othello）、《李尔王》（King Lear）、《麦克白》（Mac Beth）。
莎士比亚的十四行诗(son)体裁诗集总共收录了154首诗，本文是第十八首。
Shall I pare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？你不独比它可爱也比它温婉：狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold plexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, 但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。
赏析莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首
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Ａｎｄ ｓｕｍ／ｍｅｒ＇ｓ ｌｅａｓｅ／ ｈａｔｈ ａｌｌ／ ｔｏｏ ｓｈｏｒｔ／ ａ ｄａｔｅ：
Ｓｏｍｅｔｉｍｅ／ ｔｏｏ ｈｏｔ／ ｔｈｅ ｅｙｅ ／ｏｆ ｈｅａ／ｖｅｎ ｓｈｉｎｅｓ，
Ａｎｄ ｏｆｔｅｎ／ ｉｓ ｈｉｓ ／ｇｏｌｄ ｃｏｍ／ｐｌｘｉｏｎ ｄｉｍｍ＇ｄ； Ａｎｄ ｅｖｅ／ｒｙ ｆａｉｒ ／ｆｒｏｍ ｆａｉｒ／ ｓｏｍｅｔｉｍｅ ／ｄｅ－ ｃｌｉｎｅｓ， Ｂｙ ｃｈａｎｃｅ，／ ｏｒ ｎａ／ｔｕｒｅ＇ｓ ｃｈａｎ／ｇｉｎｇ ｃｏｕｒｓｅ，／ ｕｎｔｒｉｍｍ＇ｄ； Ｂｕｔ ｔｈｙ／ ｅｔｅｒ／ｎａｌ ｓｕｍ／ｍｅｒ ｓｈａｌｌ／ ｎｏｔ ｆａｄｅ， Ｎｏｒ ｌｏｓｅ／ ｐｏｓｓｅｓ／ｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ／ｔｈａｔ ｆａｉｒ／ ｔｈｏｕ ｏｗ＇ｓｔ； Ｎｏｒ ｓｈａｌｌ／ Ｄｅａｔｈ ｂｒａｇ ／ｔｈｏｕ ｗａｎ／ｄｅｒ’ ｓｔ ｉｎ／ ｈｉｓ ｓｈａｄｅ， Ｗｈｅｎ ｉｎ／ ｅｔｅｒ／ｎａｌ ｌｉｎｅｓ／ ｔｏ ｔｉｍｅ／ ｔｈｏｕ ｇｒｏｗｅｓｔ； Ｓｏ ｌｏｎｇ／ ａｓ ｍｅｎ ／ｃａｎ ｂｒｅａｔｈｅ／， ｏｒ ｅｙｅｓ ／ｃａｎ ｓｅｅ， Ｓｏ ｌｏｎｇ／ ｌｉｖｅｓ ｔｈｉｓ／， ａｎｄ ｔｈｉｓ ／ｇｉｖｅｓ ｌｉｆｅ／ ｔｏ ｔｈｅｅ． 中文译作②如下： 能不能让我来把你比作夏日？ 你可是更加可爱，更加温婉； 狂风会吹落五月里开的好花儿， 夏季租出的日子又未免太短暂： 有时候苍天的巨眼照得太灼热， 他那金彩的脸色也会被遮暗； 每一样美呀，总会离开美而凋落， 被时机或者自然的代谢所摧残； 但是你永久的夏天决不会凋枯， 你永远不会失去你美的形相： 死神夸不着你在他影子里踯躅， 你将在不朽的诗中与时间同长； 只要人类在呼吸，眼睛看得见， 我这诗就活着，使你的生命绵延。（屠岸 译） 这首诗的格律是抑扬格五音步。每行有十个音 节 （五个音步，诗中用／划分），从诗歌结尾的双偶 句来看，多数音步的第一个音节弱读，第二个音节 重读 （重读音节用下划线标注），称为抑扬格，其韵 式为ａｂａｂ ｃｄｃｄ ｅｆｅｆ ｇｇ，如每行的结尾“ｄａｙ－ｍａｙ”、 “ ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｅ－ ｄａｔｅ”、“ｓｈｉｎｅｓ－ ｄｅｃｌｉｎｅｓ”、“ ｄｉｍｍ＇ｄ－ ｕｎｔｒｉｍｍ＇ｄ”、 “ ｆａｄｅ－ ｓｈａｄｅ”、 “ ｏｗ＇ｓｔ－ ｇｒｏｗ＇ｓｔ” 和 “ｓｅｅ－ ｔｈｅｅ”都构成押韵。这种格局犹如轻重相间婉 转动听的音律，给听觉带来艺术享受，犹如潺潺之 流水，有轻有重，有缓有急，曲折跌宕，节奏富于 变化。最后两行诗自成一体，是一个双偶句 （两句 押韵的抑扬格五音步诗行），用来点明全诗的主题， 是全诗点睛之笔，又自成一联警语格言。那么，对 诗人而言，诗的结构越严谨，就越难抒情，而诗人 自由奔放、热烈真挚的感情却在诗歌中娓娓道出，
莎士比亚sonnet18赏析解析莎士比亚十四行诗的主题
莎士比亚sonnet18赏析解析莎士比亚十四行诗的主题莎士比亚毕生创作了大量杰出的文学作品。
他的喜剧和悲剧被认为是世界文学宝库中不可多得的瑰宝,但从本质上来说,莎士比亚首先是一个诗人,他的剧本,很大部分是用诗体――主要是无韵诗体写成的。
莎士比亚的诗歌成就最高的是十四行诗,总共154首。
莎士比亚热情讴歌了友谊和爱,青春和美;他们所包含的不仅是感情,还有诗人深邃的思想。
莎士比亚的十四行诗主要涉及三个人物:诗人、“年轻朋友”和“黑肤女郎”,大体分为三部分。
第一部分1―126首是诗人献给一位“年轻朋友”,他称之为“爱友”的人。
在这126首诗中,诗人热情讴歌了“年轻朋友”的美貌、聪慧、高贵和真挚(1―99),指责了他的多疑和反复无常(100―125)。
第二部分从第127首至第152首,是献给“黑肤女郎”的。
在这一部分中,诗人表达了自己对她真挚的爱情,同时也责备了她的轻浮和放荡。
最后两首诗,诗人引用希腊神话赞美爱情,可以看作是127―152首诗的终曲。
十四行诗丰富的内容交织着深刻的内心体验、精妙的意象、以及色彩斑斓的社会生活和社会风俗,充分反映了莎士比亚的人文思想。
文艺复兴时期的人文主义者反对中世纪的禁欲主义、等级制度和神权制度,赞美人的价值、尊重人的个性。
在十四行诗中,诗人热情地赞颂人的美,在他眼中,“年轻朋友”就是所有美的化身,夏日、太阳、花朵、春天、收获都用来描述“朋友”的美。
在诗人眼中,“爱友”被赋予了自然中所有的美:“一切天生的俊秀都蕴含着你”(第53首)。
然而,美并不是孤立存在的。
莎士比亚认为要区分“内心的美”和“外貌的姣好”(第16首),真正的美在于二者的结合。
他谴责那些外表美丽却心灵肮脏的人,认为他们是“烂百合花”,“最贱的野草也比它高贵得多”(第94首)。
诗人不但赞颂人的美,还赞颂人的永恒。
在十四行诗中,莎士比亚经常提到时间,认为它是青春和美丽不共戴天的敌人。
因为时间“要把你青春的白昼化作黑夜”(第15首),所以美会变丑、生命会终结。
诗歌翻译中人际意义的建构——评莎士比亚sonnet18的翻译
诗歌翻译中人际意义的建构——评莎士比亚sonnet18的
翻译
莎士比亚 Sonnet 18 的中文翻译在构建人际关系的意义上具有重要性。
中文翻译在传达这种人际关系的构建意义时，需要准确地传达出原诗中的情感和意义。
它需要忠实于原始诗歌的语境和声音，并能够适应中文的语言和文化背景。
这样才能使读者在阅读中体会到原诗所表达的情感和意义。
考虑到这一点，莎士比亚 Sonnet 18 的中文翻译可能会选择使用优美的词汇和流畅的语言结构，以传达原始诗歌中的赞美和情感。
翻译可能会使用中文的比喻和意象来传达原始诗歌中的观点，并选择合适的表达方式来突出诗中的美丽和永恒主题。
总而言之，莎士比亚 Sonnet 18 的中文翻译在人际关系的构建意义上具有重要性。
为了有效传达原始诗歌中的情感和意义，翻译需要忠实于原始诗歌的语境和声音，并能够适应中文的语言和文化背景。
只有这样，读者才能在阅读中真正体会到诗歌所表达的赞美和情感。
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18莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想：爱征服一切。
他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。
诗人将抽象的概念转化成具体的形象，用可感可见的物质世界，形象生动地阐释了人文主义的命题。
诗的开头将“你”和夏天相比较。
自然界的夏天正处在绿的世界中，万物繁茂地生长着，繁阴遮地，是自然界的生命最昌盛的时刻。
那醉人的绿与鲜艳的花一道，将夏天打扮得五彩缤纷、艳丽动人。
但是，“你”却比夏天可爱多了，比夏天还要温婉。
五月的狂风会作践那可爱的景色，夏天的期限太短，阳光酷热地照射在繁阴班驳的大地上，那熠熠生辉的美丽不免要在时间的流动中凋残。
这自然界最美的季节和“你”相比也要逊色不少。
而“你”能克服这些自然界的不足。
“你”在最灿烂的季节不会凋谢，甚至“你”美的任何东西都不会有所损失。
“你”是人世的永恒，“你”会让死神的黑影在遥远的地方停留，任由死神的夸口也不会死去。
“你”是什么？“你”与人类同在，你在时间的长河里不朽。
那人类精神的精华——诗，是你的形体吗？或者，你就是诗的精神，就是人类的灵魂。
诗歌在形式上一改传统的意大利十四行诗四四三三体，而是采用了四四四二体：在前面充分地发挥表达的层次，在充分的铺垫之后，用两句诗结束全诗，点明主题。
全诗用新颖巧妙的比喻，华美而恰当的修饰使人物形象鲜明、生气鲜活。
诗人用形象的表达使严谨的逻辑推理变得生动有趣、曲折跌宕，最终巧妙地得出了人文主义的结论。
二十九首就是其中的一首。
这首诗热情地歌颂爱情,诗人在创作这首诗时,充分发挥了十四行诗的长处,采用了“先抑后扬”手法,层层推进,波澜起伏,道出了诗人的思想感情发展变化过程,开头四句这样写道:When ,in disgrace with Fortune and men’ eyes ,sI all alone beweep my outcast state ,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries ,And look upon myself ,and curse my fate ,从这四句我们可以读出,一开始诗人悲悲切切地唱出自己的悲惨处境“in disgrace with Fortune and,men’ eyes (失去了幸福,又遭人白眼。
”,慨叹自s )己生不逢时,身世凋零。
幸福已离他远去,即便是“cries (哭喊)”也是“bootless (无用的)”,不过是“trouble(麻烦)”“deafheaven(聋耳的苍天)”,真是叫天天不应,叫地地不灵,诗人只有“curse my fate(悲叹时运不济)”。
接着四句诗人更进一步吐露自己心中的自卑:Wishing me like to one more rich in hope , Featured like him ,like him with friends possessed , Desiring this man’s art and that man’s scope ,With what I most enjoy contented least ,诗人羡慕人家“rich in hope(前程远大)”“Featured , (一表人才) ”“ , with friends possessed (盛友如云) ” “Desiring(渴望有)”别人的“art (权威)”“scope (才, 华)”。
同这许多人相比,诗人觉得自惭形秽,痛苦悲伤,感觉自己一无是处,尤其的看轻自己“With , what I most enjoy contented least (于自己平素最得意的[指吟诗] ,倒最不满意)”,这四句诗真是把诗人的怨天尤人,痛苦万状的情绪推到了极点。
可是接着四句,诗人笔锋一转,整个诗的情调骤然改变,Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising , Haply I think on thee ,and then my state ,Like to the lark at break of day arisingFrom sullen earth ,sings hymns at heaven’ gate ;s从这四句可以看出,诗人因为“think on thee (想到了你)”而突然间精神振奋,神采飞扬,先前所有的忧郁一扫而空,刹那间喜上心头,唱出了喜悦的欢歌“Like to the lark at break of day arising/ From,sullen earth ,sings hymns at heav en’s gate ; (顿时像破晓的云雀从阴郁的大地冲上了天门,歌唱起赞美诗来。
”“thee”就是“爱”,是“thee”扭转了诗人心) ,中的乾坤,最后,诗人极其豪迈的唱到:For thy sweet love rememb ’red such wealthbrings ,That then I scorn to change my state with kings.这两个警句,画龙点睛地总结了全篇,也是诗人一贯的作法,与开头形成鲜明的对照。
从而可以看出,诗人作这首诗经历了从消极到振奋,从忧郁到欢喜,从自卑到自豪,这一系列的变化,全都是因为“thee”,也是“爱”给了诗人强大的鼓舞力量,给了诗人莫大的勇气,信心和希望,使诗人放弃自卑“That then I scorn to change my state with kings.,(教我不屑把处境跟帝王对调。
”这也正是本诗的)主题。
“sweet love(甜爱)”究竟为何物? 为什么诗人一想到“thee”的“sweet love”,就会阴郁一扫而空,心境顿时明朗开阔。
作者以为“sweet love”就是崇高的友谊,坚贞的爱情,在困难的时候,他们会给人鼓舞的力量。
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首Sonnet 18 铁冰译文1 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? 我该不该把你比作怡人的夏天？2 Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 你却比她更加可爱更加温情。
3 Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 五月的娇蕊总是被狂风吹断，4 And summer's lease hath all too short a date: 夏天也只是一道短暂的美景。
5 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 苍穹的目光有时会过于灼热，6 And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; 那金色的脸庞也常黯淡无光。
7 And every fair from fair sometime declines, 人间一切瑰丽终将失去秀色，8 By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd; 湮没于不测风云和世事沧桑。
9 But thy eternal summer shall not fade, 但是，你常青的夏季永不消逝，10 Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; 你拥有的美丽也将永不折损，11 Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, 或许死神的阴影会笼罩着你，12 When in eternal lines to time thou growest; 你却和这不朽的诗句千古长存。
13 So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, 只要人类还在呼吸、眼睛还在欣赏，14 So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 我的诗就会活着，令你生命绽放。
译注：原诗每行10个音节，非常整齐。
前人翻译时总喜欢使译文每行保持字数相同，这其实是一种作茧自缚，强求形式上的绝对整齐，往往限制了内容的完美。
前人的译文常常有凑韵（为了押韵，用词勉强）、不流畅和用词搭配不当的毛病，其原因在此。
更重要的是，英文原诗有着非常讲究的格律，每行都含有相同数量的重音节和轻音节，朗诵时每行所用时间基本一致；而对每行字数相同的中译文进行朗诵时，每行所用的时间则不尽相同，因为每行译文中所含有的虚词（如“的”、“地”、“了”，朗读时较轻声、短促）个数未必相同。
因此，笔者的译文不强求每行字数相同，这样便将内容从形式中解放出来，得以更好地协调，且更利于押韵和用词的搭配。
此诗的翻译中，值得注意的几处是：第3行：darling buds of May有人译为“五月宠爱的嫩蕊”，其实darling是“可爱的”之意，所以还是译为“五月的娇蕊”更好。
第4行：lease前人经常译成“租赁的期限”，令人费解，应该是“持续的时间”之意。
此行的意思是“夏天持续的时间实在太短”，这样的陈述缺乏诗味。
笔者将该行意译为“夏天也只是一道极短的美景”，化用了中文的习语“好景不长”，不但忠实原文，颇有诗味，而且于与第二行译文押韵自然。
第5行：一般认为该行中的eye of heaven是“太阳”的妙喻，因此前人常将此行译为“有时候天空的眼睛照得太灼热（或酷烈）”，这样保留了“眼睛”的意向，似乎很好，但从字面上看，“眼睛照”、“照得太热”这样的搭配在中文里是不太通顺的（中文更习惯说“晒得太热”），如果在译文中将“天空的眼睛”这几个字加上引号，可解决“眼睛热”搭配不当的问题，但无法解决“照得热”搭配不当的问题。
笔者认为：eye除了“眼睛”之意，还有“眼神、目光”之意，shine 除了“照耀”之意，还有“发光”之意，鉴此，不妨将此行译为“苍穹的目光有时过于灼热”，以“目光”译eye和shine，可谓一举两得，而且“灼热的目光”是中文里常用的搭配。
第7－8行：这两句是说世上很多美好的东西，终究难免因遭受意外事故的摧残或在世事变迁中变得“物是人非”而不再美丽。
前人的翻译喜将chance（在此应为“意外”之意）译为“机缘”，后者在中文里含有褒义，将其与“摧残”一词进行搭配，是不恰当的。
“机缘”往往是“成全”，而非“摧残”。
笔者将其译为“不测风云”，将nature's changing course（自然界的变化过程）译为“世事沧桑”，富有诗味。
第11行：此行的意思是“死神不能夸耀说你在他的阴影里徘徊”，这样的表达很有诗味，但字数太多。
笔者认为，“死神不能夸耀”的原因是：尽管根据自然规律“你”有朝一日会被死神的阴影所笼罩，但“你”将在我的诗句中获得永生，死神仅仅能能让“你”肉体毁灭，这没什么值得夸耀的。