2021考研英语完形填空之红花绿叶词

红花词：以下8个词(词组)均出现过3 次以上，每次都作为正确答案出现：however，while，although，for example，such as，because，available，subject，tend，against。

绿叶词：以下10个词均出现2-3次，但从未成为正确答案：at，if only，only if ，now that，unless，restrict，since，about，provided，about。

1. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the

everyday survival skills need to turn their lives around. (2021年完形第14题)

[A] when [B] once [C] while(C) [D] whereas

解题：①红花词是[C] While—妥协逻辑关系词;②其核心特征为主从句/成份间语义的相反相对，因此只要判断出空前后(句内)语义相反相对即可。空格处所在句子前半部份指出“还有许多人，__不酗酒吸毒，精神也正常”，说明他们不会有问题，但后半部份又提出“就是没有改善生活现状的生存技术”，很显然前后矛盾，组成语义上相反关系，故红花词while正确。

2. Not everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates range anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. __7__ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is increasing.

(2021年完形第7题)

[A] Now that [B] Although [C] Provided(B) [D] Except that

解题：①红花词是[B] Although—妥协逻辑关系词;②其核心特征为主从句/成份间语义的相反相对，因此只要判断出空前后语义相反相对即可。空格所在分句“估量的数字可能各不相同”与主句“的确达到了共识”存在语义上的相反相对，只有Although符合。

3. It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led

to misleading interpretations of what happened. 15, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output duly rose compared with the previous

Saturday and continued to rise for the next couple of days. 18, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays(2021年完形第1五、18题)

15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual

18. [A] Therefore [B] Furthermore [C] However [D] Meanwhile

解题：15. ①红花词是[B] For example—总分逻辑关系词;②其核心特征是表现空前后语义的例证关系，即总述-例证，因此只要判断出空后内容是对空前内容的举例说明就可以够了。上文提到，实验的特殊方式致使对实验现象的错误解释，而空格所在句子将实验方式具体为了“照明在每周日发生改变”，是上一句“特殊实验方式”的具体展开说明—例证，即总分关系，故[B] For example 正确。

18. ①红花词[C] However—转折逻辑关系词;②其核心特征为表现前后两句话之间语义的相反相对，因此只要判断出空前后两句话语义相反相对即可。上文介绍了“做实验时周日车间照明发生转变，周一再次开始工作时，产出如期上升而且在接下来的几天里会持续这种上升趋势，”而空格后指出“不做实验时产出老是在周一上升。”该句推翻了上文做实验时的实验结论，语义上形成相反相对的关系，故[C] However转折连词能够表现这种关系。

4. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry 13 they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. (2021年完形第13题)

[A] unless [B] until [C] if [D] because

解题：①红花词是[D] because—因果逻辑关系词;②其核心特征为句子前后语义上的原因-结果关系，因此只要判断出空前后语义具有这种特征即可。本句由not…but…连接的两个部份组成语义上的对比：不是“悲伤引发了哭泣”，而是“哭泣引发了悲伤”。因此，cry和they are sad之间存在因果关系，答案就是because。