小升初英语专项代词

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四. 代词

人称代词

1.人称代词的形式

2. 人称代词的用法

1) 在句中作主语,用主格。 如: I am a teacher . Are you OK ?

2) 在动词和介词后作宾语,用宾格。 如: Please give me a pen . 3)单数人称代词连用时,其词序为:第二人称,第三人称和第一人称。 如: you and I ; you and he ; he and I ; you ,he and I

4) 复数人称代词连用时,其词序一般和汉语一样。 如: we and you ; you and they 5) we ,you ,they ,he 都用来泛指一般的人。 如: They say Mike is a good boy . 6) it 用作人称代词,指动物或其他事物,有时也指人,尤指婴儿,小孩。

如: I have a ball –pen . It is very nice . Who is it ? It is me . 7)it 用作指示代词,表示“这”或“那”。如 : How far is it from here ?

It ’s about 1km away .

物主代词

1. 物主代词的形式

2. 物主代词的用法

1) 形容词性物主代词用在名词前,不能单独使用。 如:This is my bag .

2)名词性物主代词相当于一个名词,使用时后面不再加名词。如:That bike is his.

指示代词

1.表示“这个”,“那个”,“这些”,“那些”,等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。有this ,that ,these ,those等。

2.this(these)一般用来指在时间和空间上较近的事物;that(those)则指较远的事物。

如:This is a table.That is a sofa.These books are theirs.Those books are ours.

疑问代词

疑问代词在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句,主要用于询问“何人”“何物”“什么”。小学阶段常用的疑问代词有who, whose, which和what。

虽然who和whose都用于对人的提问,但whose询问的是所有关系,相当于一个定语,因此whose后常跟名词,而who则没有这种用法,who只能用于对人的提问。

不定代词

凡不是用来指明代替特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的有:both ,all ,some ,any , every , each, many, much, few, a few, little, a little。

1.both指两者“都”;all指三者及三者以上“都”。

如:Both of you are wrong.All students are right.

2.some表示“一些,某些,某个”,any表示“一些,任何”。some多用于肯定句中,any多用于否定句和疑问句中。

如:There are some trees in the street.Are there any trees in the street?

如果说话人希望得到肯定回答时,疑问句中可用some。如:Would you like some coffee?

some还可用于表示请求和邀请的疑问句中。如:Can I have some glue?

3.every表示“每一个”可以和one ,body ,thing组合成everyone ,everybody ,everything 。当every及其复合词做主语时,后面动词要用第三人称单数形式。

each 表示“每个”,强调个体概念,谓语动词用单数形式。

如:Everyone of this class does well in Chinese.Everybody is at school now.

4、many和much都是表示数量的不定代词,都有“许多、大量”的意思。much后面接不可数名词,many后面接可数名词。

5、few和little也是表示数量的不定代词,为否定含义,都有“几乎没有”的意思。few后面接可数名词,little后面接不可数名词。

6、a few 和a little也是表示数量的不定代词,为肯定含义,都有“少数、少量”的意思。a few后面接可数名词,a little后面接不可数名词。

反身代词:

myself ,yourself ,itself / herself / himself ,ourselves ,yourselves ,themselves

另外:one的反身代词为oneself

1.有些动词需反身代词,如:dry ,cut, enjoy, hurt, help等。

如:We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。

注意:有些动词后不跟反身代词,如:get up , sit down , stand up等。如:Please sit down.请坐。2.用作表语,如:结构be oneself 。如:I am not myself today.我今天不舒服。

◆习题检测

一、把下面表格填写完整

二、根据下列句子说法.从方框中选出恰当的9个代词填空。(注意大小写)

my his we its him their

mine hers our it yours they

1. Andy and I ar e making a model plane.→_________are making a model plane.

2.Does the black bike belong to you ?→Is the black bike_______?

3.The big house among the mountains belongs to them. →______big house lies among the mountains.

4.It is her computer. →The computer i s _______.

5.I can’t find my glasses.→The glasses are not _______.Where is _________glasses?

6.The tail belongs to the white dog. →The white dog is waging (摆动)______tail happily.

7.Mom and Dad bought a birthday gift for him. →________bought a birthday gift for him. →The birthday gift was________.

三、从括号中选择正确的词填空。

1.(This/These)are my letters and (that /those)is my brother’s.

2.(This/These)shoes are Ms. Jones.

3.How (many/much)apples do you have?

4.---Is there (some/any )water in the fridge? -----Yes. there is (some/any).

5.(Everybody/Nobody)needs friends.

6.Hurry up !There are (a few /few )minutes left.

7.(What/Which)do you like better ? Surfing or skating?

8.-----What’s in the letter? -----It’s (anything /nothing)important.

9.---So you are James Cotton! ----(It’s/That’s)right. My name is James.

10.----What did you say just now? ---(Nothing/Everything).

四、选择填空

1.Are they _______raincoats or ______?

A. their, ours

B. their, our

C. theirs, ours

D. their, us

2.Help _______ to some chicken .

A. themself

B. them

C. yourself

D. yourselves

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