书面表达写作技巧之三：如何写好定语从句

二轮复习书面表达写作技巧之三：如何写好定语从句

定语从句的正确使用能够比较明显地反映出考生对于语言具有较高的掌握能力，所以建议考生一定要在写作中至少使用一个恰到好处的定语从句。

(一)定语从句的类型

1．关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。

①(2018•北京高考书面表达)Last week, we took the foreign students to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out to be extremely rewarding.上周，我们带领外国学生体验了正宗的茶文化，结果证明非常值得。

②(2017•全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Secondly, you will make some good friends who are also interested in playing table tennis.第二，你会交到一些好朋友，他们也很喜欢打乒乓球。

③As you see, the Chinese people are hard­working.

你知道，中国人民是勤劳的。

2．关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词引导的定语从句是指when, where, why引导的定语从句。

①(2018•北京高考书面表达)Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture.

它的中国文学专业对你来说是适合的，在那儿你可以完全沉浸在中国深厚的历史和丰富的文化中。

②(2014•安徽高考书面表达)I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.

我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。

3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句

(2017•北京高考书面表达)Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life.

搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面。

(二)定语从句的写法

定语从句是比较难掌握而又是考生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时可采用“三步法”：

[示例]

第一步：写出两个简单句。

①The foreigner is from Canada.

②He visited our class yesterday.

第二步：在句①中找出一处要修饰的词汇：the foreigner。

第三步：用句②充当定语从句，the foreigner为先行词指人，句②中的代词he指代the foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that 作关系词。

The foreigner who/that visited our class yesterday is from Canada.

[应用体验] 用定语从句将下列每组简单句合并为一个复合句

①I have a friend.Her father is an engineer.

→I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_engineer.

②I will go on a trip to Sichuan.There are a great number of places of interest in Sichuan.

→

I_will_go_on_a_trip_to_Sichuan,_where_there_are_a_great_num ber_of_places_of_interest.

③This is the best method.It can be used against pollution. →

This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution.

④I've always longed for the days.I will be able to be independent then.

→

I've_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_be_i ndependent.

⑤Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers.Two of them influenced me greatly.

→

Through_the_course_of_my_schooling,_I_met_many_teachers,_tw

o_of_whom_influenced_me_greatly.

[专题过关训练]

用定语从句补全句子

1．(2018•全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我们都知道，《一起成长》这部优秀的英文短片看起来很有趣。

As_we_all_know,_the outstanding English short film, Growing Together, is interesting to watch.

2．(2018•浙江高考写作)我想申请这个职位的原因是我想提高我的英语口语水平，并且帮助外国中学生更好地了解中国文化。

The_reason_why_I_want_to_apply_for_the_position_is_that I want to improve my spoken English and help foreign students have a better understanding of Chinese culture.

3．(2017•全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我们将学习唐朝时期写的一些中国诗歌。We are going to learn some Chinese poems that/which_were_written_in_the_Tang_Dynasty.

4．(2016•全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)六月的最后一个周日怎么样？那时考试已经结束，我们都有时间。

How about the last Sunday of June,