中考英语语法复习系列(一)——名词
中考英语考点专项复习专题一名词含解析
名词1. 名词语法的基本框架2.名词语境辨析3.名词的正确形式填空4.名词词组填空5.名词在句子中运用6.名词语篇填空1名词语法基本框架名词的数名词的所有格名词单复数的判断1.如何判定是可数名词还是不可数名词①可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,如：desk,desks；②可数名词前面可以被基数词,不定冠词（a/an）,many修饰,如：three boys,an apple, many students。
2.如何判定是不可数名词①不可数名词没有复数形式,如：tea,meat；②不可数名词,若表示数量,可用量词加不可数名词,如：a piece of paper, two cups of tea。
3. 常见的名词修饰词①只修饰可数名词的修饰语few 几乎没有a few 有几个several 有几个many 很多a couple of 两个a number of 若干a great/large number of 许多②只修饰不可数名词的修饰语little很少,几乎没有a little有一点儿much很多a good/great deal of很多a bit of有一点儿a large amount of大量的③既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语some 一些a lot of 很多lots of 很多plenty of 充足的enough 足够的most 大多数的hardly any 几乎没有the rest of 剩下的名词拓展1.voice, noise, soundvoice指人的说话声或唱歌声,指人的“嗓音”;noise是“吵闹声、噪音”,指不悦耳的声音;sound指自然界中的任何声音。
2.work与jobwork是不可数名词,指需花费体力和脑力的工作;job是可数名词,多指“零工”或“短工”。
例:a part-time job一份兼职工作;out of work 失业3.family, home, housefamily强调整体,指“家、家庭”时,谓语动词用单数;强调个人,指“家庭成员”时,谓语动词用复数;不用于指住房。
中考英语语法总复习讲义【珍藏版】
中考英语语法总复习讲义专题一名词名词是中考考查的重点。
考查内容主要为：Ⅰ.名词的定义名词是表示人、事物、现象和其他抽象概念的名称的词。
名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。
专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。
专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。
如：Yao Ming 姚明；China 中国；Christmas 圣诞节等。
Ⅱ. 可数名词和不可数名词普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1．可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
如：an apple; two apples 。
★注意：a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前；an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。
如：a book/buk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ，an apple/’aepl/ ，a red apple , an hour/’aua/2．不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。
(1)物质名词。
如：water; rice; tea; milk; food; fruit; meat; fish(鱼肉); chicken(鸡肉); beef; mutton; orange(橙汁)；sugar; salt; paper(纸); porridge; bread; sand; juice等。
这类不可数名词需要计量时要在名词前加表示量的词。
如：a cup of tea; two bags of rice; three bottles of water等。
(2)抽象名词。
如：news; music; time(时间); information等。
(3)不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词连用。
(4)注意有些名词既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词。
如：fish; time; glass; orange; room; noise; chicken等。
中考英语语法知识专题(1)名词、名词所有格课件(含答案)
—They are very beautiful! You’ve got a wonderful__________.( C )
A. instruction
B． description
C． collection
3．(2016·中考改编)—My favorite TV________is A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国)．
物质 名词
抽象 名词
食物 饮料 自然物质 情感 概念 学科，语言
bread，meat，rice，cheese，fish，beef water，tea，coffee，wine，milk，cola wood，sand，soil，air friendship，peace，joy，love news，population maths，physics，geography，English
第三篇 语法知识专题
第一节 名词/名词所有格
名词 (一)名词的分类：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它分为专有名词和普通名词。
类别
定义
例词
专有名词
表示具体的人名，事物， China，the Great 地名，组织等名称的词。 Wall
可数 普通
名词 不可
数
个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词
表个别人或事物的名称 表若干人或事物的名称 表物质或材料的名称 表感情等抽象概念的名称
情况
特殊 名词
构成方法 变内部元音
单复数同形 完全不规则
例词 man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth—
teeth Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish (中国人和日本人喜爱绵羊、鹿和鱼) penny—pence，child—children，mouse—mice
中考英语语法精讲一__名词
中考语法考点精讲一名词名词一、名词的分类二．名词的数名词有数的变化，从名词所表示的事物的性质看，可以分为两类：可数名词，不可数名词，1．可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
复数名词的变化有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
（2）不规则变化①只变其中元音字母如：man - men woman - women policeman- policemen , Englishman-Englishmen goose – geese foot - feet tooth - teethmouse - mice child - children口诀：男人女人 a 变e , 鹅足牙oo变ee ,小老鼠也好记，ous 变ic，儿童加上ren ,读音同时要发准。
注：German –Germans (除外）②单复数形式相同。
如：sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese，口诀：一个中国人和一个日本人骑着一头绵羊和鹿去吃水煮鱼。
2．不可数名词1）概述：英语中的可数与不可数是一个语法概念，与实际生活中某件事物的可数与不可数并不完全一致，因而不能单从意义上加以推测。
1.不可数名词不能和a/an连用；2.不能直接用数字表数量3. 不可数名词没有复数形式，所以后面不能加-s/-es4. 不可数名词作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
2) 表示方法：不可数名词用some, any, a lot of , little, a little, much表示。
如：I have a little time left.我还剩下一点儿时间。
用“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”。
量词可以是单数也可以是复数。
如：a piece of news four glasses of milk five bottles of waterhalf a kilo of …. 半公斤….. two and a half kilos of ….. 两公斤半….. (注：即使数目大于1 但小于2 时，也用复数形式如;1.5公斤， one and a half kilos 或 one and a half 也就是说kilo 放在one and a half 后用复数，只放在one后则用单数)3) 常考的不可数名词：1.流体：water , air ,coffee, tea, milk, wine, juice, oil, honey, porridge，soup, ink2.固体：食品类：rice, bread, salt, butter, cheese, beef，chicken（鸡肉），fish（鱼肉），pork，meat非食品类：paper, glass(玻璃），wood, cotton, rain，snow，chalk3. 表示总称的词：food, fruit, drink, clothing, money, furniture，population4.抽象名词：work，weather, news, advice, music, fun, time, knowledge, information5.研究学科：maths, physics, politics【真题链接】1.______ we had making snowmen last Sunday! (2009天津）A What a great funB What great funC How a great funD how great fun2. There ____ a lot of good news in today's newspaper.A. isB. areC. wasD. Were三、名词的所有格名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。
初中英语语法名词-初三中考复习均可用附练习及详细讲解
1.名词（n.）：名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念，如：boy 男孩，morning 早晨，duty 责任；在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。
例如：The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。
（作主语）He is a doctor. 他是个医生。
（作表语）We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。
（作宾语补足语）英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式，但有时两种形式是相同的。
可数名词单数形式可以与不定冠词连用，例如：a book（一本书）；an apple （一个苹果）。
可数名词复数形式可以与few，a few，many，several等连用，例如：a few girls。
不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名词，不能用不定冠词a（an）或数词one修饰，并且不分单复数，物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词一般都是不可数的，例如：milk （牛奶）；education（教育）。
2. 可数名词的单数变为复数的规则：（1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。
例如：book －books pen －pens eraser －erasers（2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。
例如：bus －buses box －boxes watch －watches（3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。
例如：baby －babies country－countries city －cities注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。
例如：boy －boys toy－toys（4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。
中考英语语法讲解(1)——名词
初中中考英语语法专题讲解名词要点归纳1．名词——表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词。
2．名词的分类：专有名词：表示的是某一特定的人、事物、地方、团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专有的名称。
例：China, Chinese, Sunday, May, Smith, Christmas, Shanghai等。
专有名词书写时首字母一定要大写。
普通名词：表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。
如：teacher, blackboard, shipschool, family, meat, water, duty, work等。
可数名词：表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，有单数与复数两种形式。
例如：glass, man, bird,desk, book等。
不可数名词：所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法有数目计量，都称为不可数名词。
一般只用单数形式，不能在前面加a或an来表示数量。
例如：paper, rice, water, milk, tea等。
3.名词的数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
单数表示一个人或事物，复数表示一个以上的人或事物。
名词单数变复数的形式有规则变化与不规则变化之区别。
4.有关名词数的几个注意事项1.以s sh ch x 结尾的词，加es 如：buses dishes watches boxes2.元音字母o结尾的词，特别是常用词，有生命+es, 无生命+s. 如:Heroes, potatoes, omatoes, hippoes,Photos, videos, radios, pianos以oo结尾的不管有无生命都加s 如zoos.3.以f,fe结尾的词1) 通常变f 为v，再加-es。
如：half—halves, leaf—leaves, wife—wiveslife—lives等2）下列词只加s如: roofs，chiefs3) 有些词加s或es均可.如: scarf, handkerchief等4. 不规则复数形式1）改变元音字母。
中考英语语法复习名词代词数词冠词和介词
第一讲名词一、名词的定义名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词。
二、名词的分类（一）专有名词和普通名词名词根据其意义分为普通名词和专有名词1、专有名词是表示特定的人或事物名称的词。
如：Peter, Snow White, Sunday, April,Christmas Day, China, Changsha, the Great Wall, the WTO, West Street...2、凡不属于特定的人或事物的名称的词，叫普通名词。
如：desk, book , people, air, interest,idea...（二）可数名词和不可数名词名词根据是否能够用数字来计算，可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1、可数名词复数的变化规则a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches；c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families, city-cities ；d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：wife- wives, knife-knives,wolf -wolves, leaf-leaves ；e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况1）__________+es 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) ___________+s 如：photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, child-children, foot-feet,tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, goose-geese单复数同形:fish-fish deer -deer sheep -sheep people(人们）-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese（中日不变英法变，其余后面加s)Englishman-____________________, Frenchman-_________________Russian=_____________________ American-__________________2、复合名词变复数boy student-boy students man doctor-men doctors3、不可数名词◆不可数名词没有复数形式，如：tea,,meat.◆不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词（a/an）直接修饰，若要表示数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。
英语语法系列复习专题一-----名词
英语语法系列复习专题一-----名词名词的分类专有名词：指某人，某地，某机构等专有的名称，其首字母要大写。
如HongKong,China,Bill Clinton,Red Cross个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如 student,book名普可数名词词通集体名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family,school,group, people 名词不可数名词物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：cotton,air,tea抽象名词：表示抽象概念，如:work，happiness,news 2．名词的复数可数名词有单、复数形式，其复数的构成规则如下：1）绝大多数在词尾加s。
如：book,books;bag,bags;cup,cups;face,faces.2）以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的名词加es。
如：watch,watches;brush,brushes;hero,heroes;class,classes;下列以o结尾的词加s构成复数：piano , photo ,radio ,zoo, bamboo ,kilo 3）以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，将y改为i，再加es。
例如：baby,babies;family,families;以元音字母＋y结尾的名词，直接加s。
例如：boy,boys;key,keys4）以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe改为v，再加es构成复数形式，如：leaf,leaves;wife,wives.但有些以f结尾的名词，是在f后加s构成复数，常见的有：roof,chief,belief,gulf等。
个别的两种方式都可以，如：handkerchief,’s,handkerchieves 5）少数名词的复数形式是不规则的，要一一背记：man→men; woman→women; Englishman→Englishmen;foot→feet;tooth→teeth; child→children; mouse→mice少数名词的单、复数形式相同，如：Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish,means(注：fishes表不同种类的鱼)6）复合名词：A.含man或woman的复合名词，两部分都变为复数形式。
中考英语语法讲解之名词词法
【中考英语语法汇总】名词语法讲解（一）名词概述名词用来表示人或事物的名称。
名词可分为专有名词和普通名词，普通名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单复数形式，不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词连用。
在考试命题中，主要是考察可数、不可数名词的区分，以及量词修饰的使用。
考试的题型主要是选择题和词性转换。
另外，名词的所有格也是重要的考查部分，主要是区分's和of的用法。
（二）基础知识梳理1. 名词复数形式的构成1）规则变化（1）一般名词后面加s。
如：month-months，bird-birds。
（2）以s，ss，x，ch，sh结尾的名词，后面加es。
如：bus-buses，boss-bosses，box-boxes，match-matches，brush-brushes。
（3）以o结尾的名词，有的加es，如：patato-patatoes，mango-mangoes，tomato-tomatoes；有的加s，如：radio-radios，zoo-zoos，piano-pianos。
（4）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es。
如：factory-factories，city-cities。
以元音字母加y结尾的名词，直接加s，如：toy-toys，day-days。
（5）以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v再加es。
如：knife-knives，wolf-wolves（例外：roof-roofs，chief-chiefs），scarf-scarfs或scarves。
2）不规则变化（1）改元音字母，构成复数。
如：man-men，woman-women，foot-feet，fisherman-fishermen，tooth-teeth，mouse-mice（例外：German-Germans，walkman-walkmans,human-humans）。
（2）单复数形式一样。
如：sheep-sheep，Chinese-Chinese，Japanese-Japanese，deer-deer，fish-fish。
中考英语语法复习教学设计讲义第一讲：名词
中考英语语法复习教学设计讲义第一讲：名词一. 教材分析本讲义以中考英语语法复习为主题，第一讲主要涉及名词。
通过本讲义的讲解，学生将掌握名词的分类、名词所有格、不可数名词和可数名词的用法等基本知识。
教材内容紧密围绕中考英语考试大纲，难度适中，旨在帮助学生巩固和提高名词相关知识。
二. 学情分析学生在初中阶段已经学习过名词的基本知识，但部分学生对名词所有格、不可数名词和可数名词的用法仍存在模糊之处。
此外，学生可能对一些特殊例子的理解不够深入，导致在实际运用中出现错误。
因此，在教学过程中，需要针对这些薄弱环节进行重点讲解和操练。
三. 教学目标1.掌握名词的分类；2.理解名词所有格的用法；3.掌握不可数名词和可数名词的用法；4.能够正确运用名词知识解决实际问题。
四. 教学重难点1.名词所有格的用法；2.不可数名词和可数名词的区分及用法。
五. 教学方法1.情境教学法：通过设定生活情境，让学生在实际语境中运用名词知识；2.例句解析法：通过分析典型例句，让学生深入理解名词所有格和不可数/可数名词的用法；3.互动式教学法：引导学生积极参与课堂讨论，提高课堂氛围，促进学生主动学习。
六. 教学准备1.准备相关课件和教学素材；2.设计课堂练习题和课后作业；3.准备教学过程中可能用到的实物道具。
七. 教学过程1.导入（5分钟）利用实物道具，如水果、文具等，引导学生说出相应的名词，从而引入本节课的主题——名词。
2.呈现（10分钟）通过课件展示名词的分类，如人物、地点、物品等，同时介绍名词所有格的用法，如张三的铅笔（Zhang San’s pencil）。
3.操练（15分钟）设计一些练习题，让学生区分不可数名词和可数名词，并正确运用名词所有格。
例如：1.请将下列名词分类为人物、地点和物品。
2.请用适当的名词所有格形式完成句子。
4.巩固（10分钟）让学生分组进行讨论，分享彼此在操练过程中的心得体会，教师巡回指导，针对学生的错误进行讲解。
中考英语语法复习系列(一)——名词练习题
语法——名词真题再现1. They are from ______. They've ______.A. Germany; GermansB. Germans; GermanyC. German; GermanyD. Germany; Germen2. People in America eat much ______.A. coffeeB. onionsC. beefD. iced water3. Can you imagine what life will be like in ______ time?A. 20 years'B. 20 yearC. 20-years'D. 20-years4. Betty likes ______ very much. She draws pictures every day.A. artB. musicC. sportD. science5. ---Do you like ______?---No. I prefer rose, the colour of your dress.A. orangeB. orangesC. carrotD. carrots6. ---What kind of ______ do you like?---I like documentaries.A. booksB. sportsC. moviesD. music7. ---Do you like to listen to "Mozart"?---Yes. Listening to ______ is my favourite.A. songsB. musicC. storiesD. news8. When I hurriedly got to the airport, the lady at the window told me that there were no ______ left on that plane.A. placesB. seatsC. spaceD. room9. To keep healthy, we should eat more vegetables and less ______.A. meatB. foodC. wineD. drink10. ---Why are you walking to school?---Because my ______ is broken.A. radioB. watchC. bikeD. bag11. At night the koala bear gets up and eats ______.A. leafB. leavesC. leafsD. leaies 12. Studying in a foreign country is a different ______ and you can learn a lot.A. eventB. exerciseC. experienceD. exhibition13. I'm going on holiday on the 12th. I have to be back at work on the 26th. So I've got two ______ holiday.A. weeksB. week'sC. weeks'D. week14. All the ______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday.A. manB. menC. womanD. women15. Look! The kites in the sky are in different ______. Some are big and some are small.A. sizesB. colorsC. pricesD. names 模拟训练第一组1. ---Which class won the match in the end?---I'm not quite sure. Maybe ______did.A. Class ThirdB. Class threeC. third classD. Class Three2. It is over ______ from Shijiazhuang to Beijing.A. three hours' driveB. three hour's driveC. three hours' drivesD. three hours drive3. ---Please give me a ______ when you arrive.---OK. I'll tell you everything as soon as I get there.A. ringB. presentC. handD. ride4. I think swimming is ______ in summer.A. a great funB. great funC. great funsD. great a fun5. Kate, there is a picture of a panda on ______.A. the 55 pageB. page 55C. page 55th6. I hear we will have a ______ holiday in ______.A. two day's; two day's timeB. two-day; two-day's timeC. two-day; two days' timeD. two days; two-day time7. ---Would you like to read the English ______ onthe medicine bottle for me?---With pleasure.A. instructionsB. meaningsC. picturesD. documents8. ---Can I help you?---I'd like ______ for my twin daughters.A. two pair of shoesB. two pairs of shoeC. two pair of shoeD. two pairs of shoes9. Mr. Black is a friend of ______.A. Mary's mother'sB. Mary's motherC. mother's of MaryD. Mary mother's10. Tom and Linda are ______ from Australia.A. studentsB. girlsC. boysD. sisters11. ---It's getting cloudy.---I think it's going to rain.---I'm glad we have an ______ with us.A. airplaneB. eraserC. exampleD. umbrella12. I'm very hungry. Would you give me some ______?A. waterB. juiceC. cakes13. ---Morning! ______, isn't it?---Yes, but a bit cold.A. How weatherB. Cold weatherC. Bad dayD. Nice day14. Li Ling wants to be a singer. She thinks it's an interesting ______.A. workB. jobC. art15. ______ is nice and clean.A. The air todayB. The today airC. The air of todayD. The today's air第二组1. ---Would you like ______?---Thank you, but I'm not thirsty.A. any sandwichesB. some breadC. any mooncakesD. some orange2. She has been in Chongqing for eight years. Chongqing has become her second ______.A. stationB. houseC. homeD. family3. This is ______ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Anne and JaneB. Anne's and Jane'sC. Anne's and JaneD. Anne and Jane's4. He's one of the most successful ______ in the city.A. films starsB. films starC. film stars5. Thank you for buying ______ for our new computers.A. miceB. mouseC. mousesD. mouth6. The ______ park will open next week.A. children'sB. childrens'C. children7. ---I missed the concert yesterday.---What a ______! It's really wonderful.A. jokeB. troubleC. surpriseD. pity8. ---What's your favourite ______?---Blue.A. animalB. colourC. foodD. drink9. ---Are there any ______ on the farm?---Yes, there are some.A. horseB. sheepC. duckD. chicken10. ---What ______ do you like?---I like basketball very much.A. musicB. filmC. sportD. subject11. ---Hello! My name is Harry Port.---Hello! ______, how nice to see you.A. Mr. HarryB. Mr. PortC. PortD. Paul12. The ______ of the house is too high. My parents do not have enough money to buy it.A. priceB. sizeC. spaceD. wall13. A child asks all kinds of ______ while he is growing up.A. troublesB. mattersC. problemsD. questions14. There are few ______ in the fridge. Let's go andbuy some peas, carrots and cabbages.A. meatB. fruitC. vegetablesD. bread15. I have to speak to my grandma in a loud voice. There's something wrong with her ______.A. mouthB. noseC. eyesD. ears第三组1. The young man was taken to the police station for killing some ______.A. birdB. deerC. pandaD. bear2. Jenny should take more ______, because she was always busy doing her ______ at the desk.A. exercise; exerciseB. exercises; exercisesC. exercise; exercisesD. exercises; exercise3. He dropped the ______ and broke it.A. cup of coffeeB. coffee's cupC. cup of coffeeD. coffee cup4. Both of his ______ were hurt in the terrible accident.A. feetB. teethC. fingersD. noses5. He told me his full name is ______.A. Bill Jackson AllanB. Jill Allan JacksonC. Jackson Bill AllanD. Jackson Jill Allan6. ---What's wrong with my son's ______? He can't see anything clearly.---Take it easy. He will get well soon.A. eyesB. earsC. mouthD. eye7. The restaurant is so popular here. Look, there are so many ______ here.A. foodB. dishC. peopleD. waiter8. How many ______ are there in the international village?A. ChineseB. RussianC. American9. ---I've got a little ______ in my house.---Why not keep two or more?A. juiceB. miceC. breadD. fish10. ---Excuse me, where are ______ offices?---Over there. A. teacher's B. teachers' C. the teacher'sD. the teachers'11. English is spken as the first language in ______.A. JapanB. FranceC. CanadaD. Russia12. I'm sorry I am late. I hope I didn't cause you ______.A. too much troubleB. so many troublesC. much too troubleD. so more troubles13. The ______ is just around the corner and you won't miss it.A. bicycle's shopB. bicycle shopC. bicycles shopD. bicycles' shop14. He has ______ in history, especially in the history of Tang Dynasty.A. a great interestB. great interestC. the great interestD. an great interest15. Losts of things are made of ______. We much protect ______.A. woods; woodsB. wood; woodC. wood; woodsD. woods; wood第四组1. Would you please give me ______? I want to copy my English paper on it.A. a paperB. papersC. a sheet of paperD. paper2. ---Would you like some drinks, boys?---Yes, ______, please.A. some orangesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD. two bottles of orange3. I really have no ______ when they will arrive.A. mindB. thoughtC. knowledgeD. idea4. The enemy soldiers were beaten. They had no ______ but to give in.A. electB. wayC. selectionD. choice5. ---What happened to you this morning?---The teacher asked me for my ______ when I was late again.A. meaningB. ideaC. excuseD. answer6. Thomas Edison never gave up. During his lifetime, he had 1,093 ______.A. instructionsB. competitionsC. inventionsD. injections7. Beth has a beautiful ______. Listen ! She is singing very well.A. voiceB. lookC. soundD. smell8. In teaching, it is important to give children ______ to think by themselves.A. roomB. a roomC. roomsD. the room9. THese Germans want to have some ______ for supper, so they decided to catch ______ now.A. fish; manyB. fishes; muchC. fish; muchD. fishes; many10. ---Where is Tom?---He's left a ______ saying that he has something important to do.A. excuseB. sentenceC. newsD. message11. ---I want to have a ______ with you about the problem.---Sure.A. funB. wordC. playD. rest12. That ______ door is for the center building.A. iron'sB. ironsC. irons'D. iron13. ---Tomorrow is ______. Will you buy some mooncakes, Mum?---OK. I'll get some after work.A. Teachers' DayB. Women's DayC. Spring FestivalD. Mid-Autumn Festival14. A ______ is used for keeping warm.A. stampB. jacketC. keyD. clock15. ---I want to go to different places, but I don't know the ______.---A map is helpful, I think.A. priceB. wayC. timeD. ticket。
一中考英语名词练习题附答案
初中英语语法专项习题-名词1.( ) 1 She was very happy. She_____in the maths test.A. makes a few mistakeB. made a few mistakesC. made few mistakesD. makes few mistake( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?A. potatoB. potatosC. potatoesD. potatoe( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things.A. Knife/usedB. Knives/usedC. Knife/usingD. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has!A. toothB. teethC. toothsD. toothes( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___.A. leafsB. leavesC. leafD. leave( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please.A. bananaB. orangesC.appleD. pear( ) 7 On the table there are five____.A. tomatosB. piece of tomatoesC. tomatoesD. tomato2.( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books.A. ideasB. photosC. informationD. stories( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit.A. some advicesB. some adviceC. an adviceD. a advice( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad.A. some newsB. a newsC. the news P. news( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is!A. /B. theC. anD. a3.( ) 1 -Would you like___tea?-No, thanks. I have drunk two____.A. any, bottles of orangeB. some, bottles of orangeC. many, bottles of orangesD. few, bottle of oranges( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat.A. two breadsB. two piece of breadC. two pieces of breadD. two pieces of breads( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse.A. sometimesB. hourC. long timeD. some time( ) 4 I would like to have___.A. two glasses of milkB. two glass of milk IC. two glasses of milksD. two glass of milks( ) 5 Can you give me ____?A. a teaB. some cup of teaC. a cup teaD. a cup of tea( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought___for himself yesterday.A. two pairs of shoesB. two pair of shoeC. two pair of shoesD. two pairs shoes 4.( ) 1 -How many ____ have you got on your farm?-I've got five.A. sheepsB. sheepC. pigD. chicken( ) 2 Some ___ came to our school for a visit that day.A. GermansB. GermenC. GermanyD. Germanies( ) 3 In the picture there are many____ and two.A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps; foxesB. sheeps; fox D. sheep;foxs( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow.A. HungarianB. AustralianC. JapaneseD. American5.( ) 1 This table is made of___.A. many glassB. glassesC. some glassesD. glass( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir?-I'd like____. !A. chickenB. a chickenC. chickensD. the chicken( ) 3 Children should make____ for old people in a bus.A. roomB. a roomC. roomsD. the room6.( ) 1 Tables are made of___.A. woodB. some woodsC. woodenD. woods( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films.A. peopleB. peoplesC. the peopleD. the peoples( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer.A. worksB. workC. this worksD. the works7.( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___?A. the People's ParkB. the Peoples' ParkC. the People ParkD. People's Park( ) 2 ___ Chinese people are ___ hard working people.A. /; aB. We; theC. The; theD. The; a( ) 3 How many????????? were there in the street when the accident happened?A. policemanB. policesC. policeD. peoples8.( ) 1 If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller____.A. setB. oneC. pieceD. pair( ) 2 Last week I bought a TV____.A. pair .B. setC. pieceD. block( ) 3 There is a of wood left on the ground.A. cupB. piece ,C. boxD. pair9.( ) 1 There are sixty-seven___ in our school.A. women's teacherB. women teachersC. woman teachersD. women teacher( ) 2 There are five___in our factory.A. woman driver B, women driver C. woman drivers D. women drivers( ) 3 These ____ were sent to the villages to help the farmers.A. women doctorB. women doctorsC. woman doctorsD. woman doctor10.( ) 1 They write most of their___ in English.A. business letterB. business lettersC. businessesD. businesses letters ( ) 2 We came to a ___ at last .and went in.A. watch shopB. watches shop ,'C. watching shopD. watchs shop( ) 3 This shop sells apples, bananas and things like these. It's a___.A. food shopB. book shopC. fruit shopD. vegetable shop( ) 4 She broke a___while she was washing up.A. glass of wineB. glass for wineC. glass wineD. wine glass( ) 5 I've forgotten both of the____.A. room numbers .B. rooms numberC. rooms numbersD. room number11.1. September 10th is____in China.A. Teacher's DayB. Teachers'DayC. Teacher DayD. Teachers Day( ) 2 -Is the broom under ____ desk? -No, it's under____.A. the teacher's; myB. teacher's; mineC. teacher's; meD. the teacher's; mine ( ) 3 Excuse me, where is the___?A. men's roomB. mens' roomC. men's roomsD. men rooms12.( ) 1 The football under the bed is____.A. Lily and LucyB. Lily's and Lucy'sC. Lily's and LucyD. Lily and Lucy's ( ) 2 This is my____dictionary.A. sister MaryB. sister'sC. sister, Mary'sD. sister's Mary's( ) 3 He went to ___ shop to buy a shirt.A. a tailorB. the tailorC. a tailorsD. the tailors'( ) 4 Joan is____.A. Mary's and Jack sisterB. Mary and Jack's sisterC. Mary and Jack sisterD. Mary's and Jack's sister13.( ) 1 In a few____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.A. yearB. years'C. year'sD. years( ) 2 It's about ___ walk from my house.A. ten minuteB. ten minutes'C. ten minute'sD. ten minutes( ) 3 The post office is a bit far from here. It's about_____.A. thirty minutes's walkB. thirty minute's walkC. thirty minutes' walkD. thirty minutes walk( ) 4 Half___ telephone calls are made in English.A. the worldB. worldC. the world'sD. world's14.( ) 1 ____ face to the south.A. Windows of the roomB. The windows of the roomC. The room's windowsD. The windows in room( ) 2 Please take two___.A. picture of the parkB. pictures of the parkC. the pictures of a parkD. picture of a park( ) 3 The workers are repairing____.A. the roof of the houseB. a roof of the houseC. roof of the houseD. this roof of house15.( ) 1 Miss Smith is a friend of____.A. Mary's mother'sB. Mary's motherC. mother's of MaryD. Mary mothers ( ) 2 This is a book of ___.A. TomB. Tom'sC. herD. him( ) 3 The post card is sent by ____.A. a friend of my fatherB. a friend of my father'sC. my father friendD. my father friend's16.( ) 1 Sydney is a city of___.A. AmericaB. GermanyC. AustraliaD. Japan( ) 2 My father likes buying us ___.A. carsB. flowersC. peasantsD. presents( ) 3 In England, the last name is the ___.A. full nameB. family nameC. middle nameD. given name( ) 4 Mr Gao is a teacher. He works in a new____.A. shopB. schoolC. factoryD. hospital17.( ) 1 My father is a____. He works in a hospital.A. teacherB. doctorC. farmerD. soldier( ) 2 -Which animal lives only in China?-The____.A. tigerB. monkeyC. pandaD. elephant( ) 3 April come before___and after___.A. March; MayB. May; MarchC. June; MayD. March; February( ) 4 Which of the following is right?A. China has a large population.B. China has much population.C. China has many populations.D. China has a great deal of population. ( ) 5 Please do like this. Fold the paper____ and cut along the fold.A. into piecesB. in halfC. on halvesD. to half( ) 6 You played the violin wonderfully. Will you please play another____?A. oneB. gameC. programmeD. piece参考答案：1. 1-7 C C B B B B C?2. 1-4 C B C A3. 1-7 B C D A D D A4. 1-4 B A A C5. 1-3 D A A6. 1-3 A A D7. 1-3 A D C8. 1-3 D B B9. 1-3 B D B10. 1-5 B A C D A11. 1-3 B D A12. 1-4 D C C B13. 1-4 B B C C14. 1-3 B B A15. 1-3 A B B16. 1-4 C D B B17. 1-6 B C B A B D系列复习题（一）——名词㈠、基本型写出下列名词的复数形式：1. pencil-box ___________2. wife _______3. Sunday ________4. city ______5. dress _______6. Englishman ________7. match _______ 8. Chinese ________ 9. zoo ________10. exam________ 11. German __________单词拼写：12. I have a lot of ________(作业) to do every day.13. His _______(裤子) are new, but mine are old.14. It is the best one of the _________ (照片) in my family.15. Are they building any _______ (图书馆) in the city?16. Can you cut this big pear into two _______(半)?17. At the end of _______(八月), you must get ready for the new school year.18. Trees are planted in most of the mountain v________.19. I like a_______. It’s neither hot nor cold.20. T_______ comes after Monday.㈡、提高型1.June 1st is ____ Day all over the world.A. Child’sB. Childs’C. Children’sD. Childrens’2.September 10th is ___ Day in China, isn’t it?A. Teacher’sB. Teachers’C. TeacherD. Teacher of3._____ is made of _____.A. Glass; glassB. A glass; glassC. Glasses; glassesD. A glass; glasses4.This is _______ news.A. such a goodB. a very goodC. so good aD. such good5.What ______ it is! Let’s go swimming.A. a fine weatherB. fine dayC. a fine dayD. bad weather6.They like Chinese _____.A. food and peoplesB. foods and peopleC. foods and peopleD. food and people7.Lucy and I go to school _____ every day.A. on feetB. on footC. by footsD. by buses8. –Are those _____? -No, they aren’t. They’re _____.A. sheep; cowsB. sheep; cowC. sheeps; cowD. sheeps; cows9. What are you listening to, Jane? ____ or ____?A. a music; a newsB. music; newsC. music; newsD. music; a newsHow many ____ and ____ are there in your class?A. boy student; girl onesB. girls students; boys onesC. boys student; girl oneD. girl students; boy ones11.A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.A. Frenchmen; GermansB. Frenchmen; GermenC. German; FrenchmenD. Germans; Frenchmans12. That bus driver drank two _____.A. glass of waterB. glasses of watersC. cups of teaD. cup of tea13. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _______.A. Bob’s motherB. Bob’s mother’sC. mother of BobD. Bob mother’s14. The tall man with a big nose is _______ teacher.A. Tom and CarlB. Tom’s and Carl’sC. Tom and Carl’s15. There is ______ tree in our school.A. a 8-metres-tallB. an-8-metre-tallC. an 8 metres tall㈢、综合型1.In ____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.A.few yearB. a few years’C. few yearsD. a few year’s2. Did you hear the ______ report?A. policeB. policemen’sC. policemans’D. policemens’3. We bought _____ for my mother’s birth day.A. some meatsB. some pieces meatC. a piece of meatD. pieces of meats4. –Whose is this new desk?-It’s _____.A. Sue and Jim’sB. Sue and JimC. Sue’s and Jim’s5. –Would you like _____ coffee? -No, thanks. I’ve drunk two __.A.any; bottles of orangeB. little; bottle of orangesC. some; bottles of orangeD. a few; bottle of orange6. –How many _____ do you want? -Two, please.A. kilos of eggB. kilo of eggsC. kilos of eggsD. kilo of bread7. The railway station is two _____ from our house.A. ho ur’s driveB. hours’ driveC. hour-driveD. hours drive8. –Where are you going, Lucy? -_______.A. To my uncleB. To my uncle’sC. At my uncleD. At my uncle’s9.Have you read _____?A. a newspaper of today’sB. today newspaperC. a piece of newspaper todayD. today’s newspaper10. There’re a lot of ___ down there, but hardly any ___.A. horse; peopleB. horses; peoplesC. cow; peopleD. sheep; people11. Lucy put a lot of ____ in ____ of tea. (2000西安)A. sugar; the two cupB. sugars; the two cupsC. sugar; the two cupsD. sugars; two cups12. Mr. Lin often gives us _______ by e-mail. (2000上海)A. some good informationB. some good informationsC. good informationsD. a good information13. –Is this your room? -No, it’s _____ room. (2000广州)A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of applesD. boxes of apple17. –Help yourself to some _________.-Thank you. I really like them. (2001汕头)A. fishB. orangeC. breadD. cakes18. This is an old photo of mine when I _______. (2001吉林)A. have short hairsB. had short hairsC. have short hairD. had short hair19. Where is ________ sweater? I can’t see it. (2001四川)A. LucyB. LucysC. Lucy’s20. The little baby has two _______ already. (2001天津)A. toothB. toothsC. teethD. teeths21. We all had ______ last month. Did you travel to anywhere?A. seven days’ holidayB. seven day’s holidayC. seven-days holidayD. a seven-days holiday22. Yesterday a few _____ came to visit some ______ in Shantou.A. German; places of interestB. Germans; places of interestsC. Germans; places of interestD. Germen; places of interest23. When autumn comes, ______ of most trees turn yellow and then fall down.A. leafB. leafsC. leaveD. leaves。
中考英语语法专题复习：名词(共19张PPT)
15 —Who did you spend last weekend with? —________. A. Palmer’s B. The Palmers’ C. The Palmers D. The Palmer’s
中考英语语法： 名词备考知识点
考点分析
1、名词辨析：
名词辨析的考查角度以语境类辨析和近义词 辨析为主,少量涉及词性辨析、常识辨析及固 定搭配。
2、名词单复数：
名词单复数考查数量较少,包括规则变形和不 规则变形两种。
3、名词所有格：
名词所有格考查数量较少,包括两者共有的所 有格,时间名词所有格,数量词所有格的用法。
C. A large number of D. Quite a few
7. –– Let’s try operating the machine right now.
––Wait. Better read the _____first.
A. instructions B. explanations
有一些事不规则变化,需改变单数名词中的元音 字母如：man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth
还有单复数形式相同的情况，读音不变,如： fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer ChineseChinese Japanese-Japanese
2.近义词辨析
对近义名词有考查,如message口 信,information信息。
message为可数名词,指口信,常用词组： leave或take a message; information指消息、 信息、资料。
常见近义词组(学生可以根据以下词条进行归 纳记忆)。 1. advice与suggestion 2. problem与question 3. house, home, family与room 4. idea, thought与opinion 5. job与work 6. voice, noise与sound 7. message, news与information
中考英语 语法知识归类 名词
基础题型篇基础题型一单项选择§1 基础语法（一）名词01 命题趋势考标导向化近几年全国各地中考对名词的考查主要是词义辨析及名词所有格，名词变复数的规则也是各地中考的考点之一。
随着“淡化语法，注重语言运用和交际”这一理念被广泛认同，预计2020年各地中考对名词辨析的考查将呈上升趋势。
02 定义概念清晰化名词是指人、地点、事物、行为、品质、抽象概念、感情等的名称的词。
名词可分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。
专有名词表示具体的人、事物、地点或机构的专有名称(如：Beijing，China，Jack)。
普通名词表示某类人或某类事物的名称。
普通名词又可分为个体名词(表示单个的人或事物，如：astronaut，building等)、集体名词(表示一群人或一些事物的总称，如：family，group等)、物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如：water，rice等)和抽象名词(表示抽象概念的词，如：health，education等)。
一般地说，个体名词和集体名词是可数的，称为可数名词，有单、复数之分；物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的，称为不可数名词，通常只有单数，但在某些具体情况下也可以用复数。
03 知识归类知识网络化◎有些名词既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，但意义有glass(玻璃)—a glass(玻璃杯)paper(纸)—a paper(报纸；文件；试卷)tea(茶)—a tea(一种茶)(表示种类)wood(木头)—a wood(小树林)room(空间)—a room(房间)chicken(鸡肉)—a chicken(小鸡)light(光，光线)—a light(电灯)fish(鱼肉)—fishes(各种各样的鱼)exercise(锻炼，运动)—exercises(习题)life(生活)—lives(生命)orange(橘子汁)—an orange(橘子)time(时间)—times(倍，次数)hand(帮助)—a hand(手)radio(无线电)—a radio(收音机)【题组训练】( )1.(2020·襄阳)—What are you going to do whenyou grow up?—My _______ is to become an astronaut.A.hobbyB.dreamC.jobD.advice( )2.(2020·凉山)—Where are you going，Sam? —There isn’t any ______ in the fridge. I’ll goand buy some.A.vegetablesB.beefC.eggsD.money( )3.(2020·扬州)—What a good _____ you’ve given me! Thanks a lot.—My pleasure.rmationB.newsC.suggestionD.advice( )4.(2020·乌鲁木齐)—I have great _____ in learning physics and Iam so worried. Could you help me?—Sure，I’d be glad to.A.interestB.funC.questionD.trouble( )5.(2020·菏泽)My teacher gave me much _____ on how to study English well when I had some trouble.A.adviceB.questionC.suggestionD.problem+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词须用单数形式。
中考英语语法复习-名词考点
中考英语语法复习-名词考点(总6页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除英语语法名词名词部分的考查重点为：1、名词的可数与不可数性。
2、名词单复数在特定情况下的使用。
3、名词的普通格与所有格作定语的选用。
4、物质名词、抽象名词具体化。
名词词义的区别与固定搭配。
【考点诠释】一、名词的各种分类。
单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式，包括可数名词的复数的变化规则，少数不规则名词的复数形式及部分单复、数同形的名词。
【考例】There is good_________ for you. I've found your lost watch.A. newsB. ideasC. messagesD. thoughtsMy uncle will come to my house for dinner．I want to buy some ___to make a vegetable salad for him．A．meat B．tomatoes C．apple juice The teacher said we needed to choose three for the school concert.A. farmersB. doctorsC. driversD. singersAt night the koala bear gets up and eats___________．A．1eaf B．1eaves C． leafs The PLA man saved three ____lives in the accident．A．children’s B．children C．child D．childs'Come on，children．Help yourselves to some_________ if you like．A．fish and chicken B．fishes and chicken C．fish and chickens D．fishes and chickensAll the ____teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their own holiday．A．man B．men C．woman D．women二、不可数名词数量的表达法。
中考英语语法复习专题一名词精编版
【解析】选D。考查名词所有格。句意: 网店以低廉的 价格出售儿童和男士的鞋子。child的复数形式为 children, 表示“儿童的”用children’s; man的复数形 式为men, 表示“男士的”用men’s。故选D。
②(2016·绥化中考)_______room is big and nice. A. Kate’s and Jane’s B. Kate’s and Jane C. Kate and Jane’s 【解析】选C。考查名词所有格。由room可知, 应为二 人共同拥有的, 所以应在最后的名词后加所有格’s, 故 选C。
_______in my research?
—Yes, sure.
A. idea
B. message
C. suggestion
D. advice
【解析】选D。考查可数名词和不可数名词。本句中 有some, 后接可数名词复数形式, 或者不可数名词。 idea, message, suggestion均为可数名词, 且为单数形式, 故排除。故选D。
③(2017·南京中考)—I go swimming every day.
—Wow! That’s a good_______. It keeps you healthy.
A. match
B. taskC. hab NhomakorabeatD. dream
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。由后句“它使你
保持健康”可知, 前句意为“那是一个好的习惯”,
paper纸; 报纸; 试卷
time时间; 次数
glass玻璃; 玻璃杯
2. 近义词辨析 近义词指某几个名词在意义上比较相近, 但使用范
围却有差别。英语中的近义词比较多, 考试中出现频率 较高的近义词有以下几组: home, family, house家 problem, question, trouble问题
中考英语常用语法知识——名词知识点总结(含答案解析)
一、选择题1．Paul is crazy about basketball, but he ______ football very often.A．doesn’t play B．isn’t playingC．didn’t play D．won’t play A解析：A【解析】【详解】句意：保罗对篮球很着迷，但是他不经常踢足球。
根据题干中“Paul is crazy about”以及“very often”确定是一般现在时，又根据后半句的动作为“踢足球”，确定使用助动词。
选项 A 为一般现在时，使用助动词；选项 B 现在进行时；选项 C 为一般过去时；选项 D 为一般将来时。
根据题意，故选 A。
2．Li Ming ______ volleyball. He only watch it on TV.A．plays B．doesn’t play C．watches D．doesn’t watch B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：李明不打排球，他只在电视上看。
根据后句only watch it on TV只在电视上看，说明他生活中并不玩这个运动，并不打排球，所以这里要用否定的形式，句子主语是名词单数，变否定要加助动词does，所以选择B。
3．I the boy’s name. You can ask Peter.A．don’t call B．callC．don’t know D．know C解析：C【解析】【详解】句意：我不知道这个男孩的名字。
你可以问彼得。
考查动词辨析。
call称呼/叫，know知道/认识。
the boy’s name这个男孩的名字，根据You can ask Peter你可以问彼得，可知我不知道这个男孩的名字，是否定句，故选C。
4．My father ________ free today. He can’t play with me.A．has B．is C．doesn’t have D．isn’t D解析：D【解析】【详解】句意：我的爸爸今天没有空，他不能和我一起玩。
中考英语语法考点总复习--名词
and healthy.
A. habit
B. success
C. pity
6.At the foot of the hill, you can hear nothing but the _A___ of the
running water.
A. sound
B. voice
C. noise
7. She found a good __B____ after graduating from college.
other was for my mother.
A. watch
B. watches
C. watchs
16. —Can you peel some __C____ for me?
—Of course.
A. potato B. potatos
C. potatoes
17.—How many __B____ are there in the basket? —About ten.
C. rules
4. I'm a little hungry now. I only drank some _B_____ before I came
to school.
A. bread
B. milk
C. meat
5. Walking in the afternoon is a good __A____. It can make us strong
pen-----pens
bus-----buses dish------dishes match------matches 3)以o结尾的多数加-s, 初中阶段只有三个单词加-es .一般是有生命的(动植物)
中考英语语法讲解之名词代词
名词、代词（一）名词1.名词的数可数名词——一般是个体名词，如a boy(一个男孩)，集体名词a family(一个家庭)规则复数变化形式：情况构成方法例词一般情况加-s book→books key→keys以o结尾的表示有生命的名词加-es tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes以s，sh，ch，x等结尾的名词加-es bus→buses watch→watche s box→boxes以ce，se，ze，（d）ge等结尾的名词加-s case→cases orange→oranges 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词变y为i，再加-es family→families party→parties以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v，再加-esknife→knives leaf→leaves不规则复数变化形式：变内部元音字母foot-feet, goose-geese, tooth- teeth, man-men词尾加en child-children, ox-oxen单复数同形fish, sheep, deer, means, Chinese,特殊的复数形式:1）集体名词：集体名词不能运用具体的数字修饰，下面的集体名词，不能用a，one，two等修饰，只能在其前加the表示“全体……”。
the police警察(指全体警察) the English英国人(指全体英国人) the French法国人(指全体法国人)2）复合名词a woman teacher—women teachers女教师an Englishman—Englishmen英国男子 a grown-up—grown-ups成人（2）不可数名词专有名词：NBA全美篮球协会Michael Jackson 迈克杰克逊the West Lake西湖物质名词：液体：milk water tea coffee juice oil(油)肉类：beef chicken mutton pork天气：weather rain snow wind light 光其他：news(新闻，消息) bread(面包)抽象名词：fun love luck duty kindness善良happiness幸福progress进步【名词的格】1．表示有生命的东西的名词所有格。
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词类（一）—名词名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念名称的词。
一、名词的数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧⎩⎨⎧),,(也可以有复数形式但在某些具情况下通常只有单数形式不可数名词复数名词单数名词可数名词 ▲ 可数名词复数形式的构成1．规则变化：1）直接在词尾 + s,读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和 元音后读[z]。
如ball —balls; bed--_____; cat--____2）以s, sh, ch, x 结尾，+ e s,读音：[iz]。
如address —addresses, march--_________, watch--______ bus--_________, box--________, class--_______, brush--__________3）以o 结尾 + es ,读音：[z],只有4个，tomato--_____;potato--______; negro 黑人--_______; hero--__ 其余以o 结尾的均 + s 即可。
如radio--radios; photo--photos , piano--_______（特殊：zero ——zeros / zeroes ）4) 以辅音字母 + y 结尾，去y 为i + es 。
如body —bodies, factory--_______, family--__________, country--__________, centry--___________, strawberry--_________; story--_______(monkey--__________; holiday--___________)5）以fe / f 结尾，去fe / f 为v + es,读音：[z]。
如knife ——knives, wife--________; leaf--________;wolf--______; thief--_______; half--_________; life--__________（roof —roofs,chef —chefs; chief —chiefs, scarf —scarfs, hankerchief —hankerchiefs, belief —beliefs ）2．特殊变化：6)改变单数名词中的元音字母。
如man —men; woman —women; foot —feet; goose(天鹅)—geese; tooth —teeth;policeman —policemen; mouse —mice; grow-up(成人)—grow-ups7）单复数同形。
如sheep; Chinese; dear; fish8）只变化词尾。
如child ——children; ox —oxen9）只有复数形式。
如glasses; trousers; clothes△ 名词是否可数，在英语与汉语中或有不同，如“smile (微笑)”，英语是可数的，而汉语是不可数的。
因此，判断一个名词是否可数，不能按我们的习惯，最可靠的办法是查字典。
△ 有些集体名词可作单数，也可做复数。
作单数时指整体，作复数时指个体。
常考有family, class, team,group, army （军队）等。
e.g. My family is going to move. 我家要搬了。
(指整体)My family are watching TV now. 我的家人正在看电视。
（指成员）△ a 或an 不可与不可数名词连用，在表示数量时，经常使用of 词组。
e.g. a pair of glasses, two cups of tea ；a piece of news; a piece of bread△ 有些名词虽以s 结尾，但在意义上是单数，作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
e.g. maths, news, physics （物理学科）△ 一些集体名词，单数形式具有复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
e.g. people, police△ 合成名词：合成名词用作定语，常见有两种形式：① 数词-名词：a two-month holiday （一个两个月长的假期）；② 数词-名词-形容词：a two-meter-long ruler （一把2米长的尺子）。
二、名词的所有格（’s ）定义：表示名词与名词之间的所有关系的形式。
构成：1）名词的所有格一般用于有生命的名词。
其构成多在词尾加上“’s”。
如：Tom’s bike, Marx’s works以s结尾的复数名词，只在词尾加“’”。
如：students’ homework；a workers’ night school 一所工人夜校，不以s结尾的复数名词，仍在词尾加“’s”。
如：men’s cloth es男士衣服2）如果一个事物为两个人共有，只在后一个名词的词尾加“’s”，如果不是共有，就要在两个名词的词尾分别加上“’s”。
如：Tom and Mike’s room汤姆和迈克合住的房间T om’s and Mike’s rooms汤姆、迈克各自的房间3) 表示店铺或某人的家时，常在名词所有格后省去shop, house等名词。
如：the tailor’s 裁缝店，the barber’s理发店，go to the doctor’s上诊所，at my uncle s在我叔叔家4) 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，可以在词尾加“’s”或“’”来表示所有格。
如：today’s newspaper,half an hour’s rest,two weeks’ work, ten minutes′walk, China’spopulation, Shanghai’s industry（工业）5)表示无生命的名词一般用of短语表示所有关系。
如：the students of their school, the teachers of Grade 2，a map of China6)双重所有格：表示所属物的名词前如果有不定冠词、数词、不定代词，常用“of＋所有格”来表示所属关系。
例如：He is an old friend of my father’s.This is a picture of Mary’s. a friend of mine/ theirs/ hers7) 可用’s或of短语表示的名词所有格the boy’s name = the name of the boythe dog’s leg = the legs of the dogChina’s population = the population of ChinaChina’s capital = the capital of China三、名词作定语1）多数名词用单数形式作定语，不随数量的改变而改变。
如：an apple tree; two apple trees2）sport作定语时，必须用复数形式。
如：a pair of sports shoes; a sports car; a sports meeting3）man, woman作定语时，单复数随数量的改变而改变。
如：a man worker; two men workerse.g. (选择) 1). ---How many _____ are there in your class? ---There is only one ______.A. women teachers; women teacherB. women teachers; woman teacherC. woman teachers; woman teacherD. woman teacher; woman teacher2). I need to buy a ______ shoes.A. sportsB. pair of sportC. pair of sportsD. sport3). Can you draw some ______ for me?A. banana treeB. banana treesC. bananas treeD. bananas trees四、名词表示种类有三种方式：1）a / an + 单数名词2）the + 单数名词3）复数名词e.g. (翻译) 猪是一种有用的动物。
1) __A pig is a useful animal.________2) __The pig is a useful animal.______3) __Pigs are useful animals.________名词用法的一个注意点:主谓一致1、当class, family, team, group, public 等集体名词做主语时，如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时, 就用复数。
e.g Tom’s family ___ rather big. Tom’s family ____film fans.2. news, maths, politics 表示单数意义，动词用单数。
e.g The news makes her very happy.3. chopsticks, shoes, glasses, trousers, shorts, pants, stocks,等表示复数含义的词，动词用复数。
但用pair(s) of短语时，要和pair保持一致。
e.g The shorts _____ hers. This pair of shorts ___ hers. The two pairs of shorts ___ hers, too.4.表示时间、距离、金额、度量、书名、国名等的数名词，看作整体，动词用单数e.g Ten dollars _____ too much to pay. Five minutes _____ enough to do this.一．各地中考真题( ) 1. ---I hear you have to get up early every morning.---Right. It’s one of the ______ in my family.A. plansB. ordersC. rulesD. suggestions( ) 2. Nobody thought it easy to finish so much work in ______________A. two days’ timeB. two-- days timeC.two day’s timeD. two days time ( ) 3. It is five years since we began to enjoy a ______ spring holiday each year.A. ten-dayB. ten dayC. ten day’sD. ten-days( ) 4. ---Two ______ died in the accident. ---______ terrible it is!A. policemen; HowB. policeman; WhatC. police; WhatD. policemans; How( ) 5. How wonderful ！The ________ is made of _________A. house; glsaaesB. house; glsaaC. houses; glassD.houses; glasses( ) 6. The news ______ very interesting! Tell me more!A. isB. areC. wereD. was( ) 7. ---How far is your cousin’s home from here? ---It’s about two ______ drive.A. hour’sB. hoursC. hours’D. hour( ) 8. Mary’s skirt is the same as her ______.A. sistersB. bortherC. sister’sD. brothers( ) 9. ---Where did you go on ______ Day? ---Nowhere. I just studied at home.A. ChildB. ChildrenC. Children’sD. Childrens’( ) 10. _______ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are ______ teachers.A. A number of; womenB. A number of; womanC. The number of; womenD. The number of; woman( )11.Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of______A. knowledgeB. energyC. changeD. courage( )12. When I hurriedly got to the airport, the lady at the window told me that there were no ________ left on that plane.A. placesB. seatsC. spaceD. room二．词义相近辨析或句意选词1.As young adults, it is our_____ to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teacher.A. workB. jobC. dutyD. task2.It' s your__________as a teacher to protect your students.A. dutyB. hobbyC. habitD. manner3.Today, we have many other ________ to pay besides coins or paper money.A. excusesB. waysC. chancesD. plans4.— Excuse me. may I know your_______?— Sure. It's No. 3. Bridge Street.A. houseB. addressC. wayD. place5.The music made me think of the ________ of a running stream.A. shoutB. noiseC. voiceD. sound6.We have only one Earth. It's our common _.A. familyB. houseC. homeD. room7.—I have ____in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me with it?—Sure, I’d love to.A. joyB. interestC. troubleD. fun8.─Mrs. Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.─She said she would never forget some pleasant ______while working there.A. experimentsB. expressionsC. experiencesD. emotions9.—Do you know the of the Confucius Institutes（学院）around the world? —More than three hundred, I guess.A. listB. nameC. numberD. country10.—Why didn’t Sally play the violin at the concert last night?—She said that her hand hurt, but that was only a(n) ___. I saw her play tennis just now.A. matterB. excuseC. resultD. expression11.— I'm afraid I will get lost in Sydney. It's my first time to be here, you see.— Don't worry. Here is a____. It will help.newspaper B. watch C. map D. camera12.—Oh, dear! There isn't, enough___________for us in the lift.—No hurry. Let's wait for the next.A. floorB. scatC. roomD. ground三．可数名词的单复数与不可数名词的量1. Could you please give some _____ to the _____ teachers?A．advice; man B．advices; menC．suggestion; man D．suggestions; men2. I think computers are very useful. They can help us get much___on the Internet.A. gameB. informationC. ideaD. message3. Several years ago, people knew Yao Ming. But now he iswell-known all over the world, not only in ChinaA. fewB. littleC. manyD. most4.—I feel very thirsty and hungry after a long walk.—Would you like some a nd _____?A.apple juice; sandwichesB. apples juice; sandwichesC. apple juice; sandwiches四．名词所有格1.It’s from our school to my home.A. ten minutes’ walkB. ten minute’s walkC. ten minutes walk2.Can you imagine what life will be like in ______ time?A. 50 years’B. 50 year’sC. 50-years’D. 50-years3..The theme park is about ________ ride from the museum. You shouldstart out right now.A. two hourB. two hour’sC. two hours’D. two hours4.The action film has attracted millions of young people to the cinema.A. 130-minuteB. 130-minutesC. 130 minuteD.130 minutes。