轮机英语试题二十三
第32期轮机英语考试题
中华人民共和国海事局2003年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第32期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：801适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶轮机长（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。
第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1．5分,第77题至78题,每题10分。
一、单项选择题：1．______ is fully floating in both connecting rod small end and the piston skirt．A． The piston rod B． The cross head pinC． The gudgeon pin D． The crank-pin2．When we say that two objects have relative motion, we mean ______．A． the distance between them remains the sameB． the distance between them is changingC． the position between them is not changingD． their positions to the earth remain the same3．The ______ or balance tank collects the re-circulated fuel oil．A． buffer B． sump C． bilge D． overflowing4．What is the harmful effect of sulfur in a fuel?A． It causes excessive smoking and soot at low firing rates．B． It doesn't readily burn when combined with oxygen．C． It clogs fuel oil strainers more often．D． It forms a corrosive acid when mixed with water or water vapor．5．The main bearing metal is a lining ______．A． inside the bearing B． outside the bearingC． covering the crankshaft D． none of the above6．______ neutralizes the acid conditions and ______ cleanses the rings and grooves．A． The detergency/the alkalinity B． The alkalinity/the detergencyC． The inhabitant/ the water D． The additives/the distilled water7．In a central cooling system, used in some modern ships, sea water is supplied to cool ______ which will circulate to other individual cooler, greatly reducing the corrosion problems．A． fresh water B． sea water C． cooling oil D． emulsion8．An electrically driven automatically operating auxiliary blower is provided for slow speed and ______ of a low speed diesel engine．A． manoeuvring operations B． bad combustion C． cooling D． mooring trial9．The average exhaust temperature of a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine with a turbine-driven supercharger is lower than a similar four-stroke/cycle diesel engine at equal loads because_______．A． two-stroke/cycle diesel engines have a higher M．E．P． than four-stroke /cycle diesel enginesB． four-stroke/cycle diesel engine exhaust is cooled by scavenging airC． two-stroke/cycle diesel engines have a lower M．E．P． than four-stroke/cycle diesel enginesD． the opening of the two-stroke/cycle diesel exhaust ports or valves occurs much later than in four-stroke/cycle diesel engines10．Engine speeds at which resonance can occur are termed ______．A． maximum speeds B． full speeds C． sea speeds D． critical speeds 11．When the propeller blades are integral with the hub, the propeller is called a______．A． built up propeller B． solid propellerC． controllable pitch propeller D． suction back propeller12．The timing of the injection can be altered by raising or lowering the pump ______in relation to the cam．A． needle valve B． cylinder C． piston D． arm rod13．______ are commonly used in mechanical-hydraulic governor to sense engine speeds．A． Bulbs B． Bulks C． Flyweights D． Flywheels14．When ______is operated, a supply of pilot air enables the remote valve to open．A． the distributor B． the air start leverC． the turning gear D． the cylinder air start valve15．A reduction in load on a diesel engine results in ______ of speed of the crankshaft．A． a reduction B． an increase C． an outing D． a downwards16．All of the diesel engine cylinder firing pressures are normal, yet all of the exhaust temperatures are low． Which of the following situations is responsible for this condition?A． Excessively early injection timing B． Combustion knock．C． Leaking piston rings．D． Light load．17．The mechanical efficiency of an engine is always less than 100% _____ losses occurring in the form of friction.A. becauseB. sinceC. due toD. owing18．In reducing engine speed to an efficient propeller speed by the use of reduction gears, ______．A． speed and torque are both reducedB． speed is reduced and torque remains unchangedC． speed is reduced and torque is increasedD． speed is sometimes unchanged while torque is increased19．The ab breviation “TDS” about the potable water probably means ______．A． total dissolved solids B． temperature of distillation of sea waterC． total dissolved sodium D． total delivery system20．Gear pumps are of positive displacement type pumps because they discharge a near constant amount of liquid ______ pressure．A． depending on B． in relative to C． regardless of D． because of21．Which of the following statements concerning butterfly valves is correct?A． Special tools are required for lapping or grinding．B． It is impossible to throttle flow with a butterfly valve．C． To close the valve, it is only necessary to turn the handle a quarter of a turn．D． The butterfly valve should never be used in a freshwater system．22．In a ______ boiler the water flows through the inside of the tubes while the hot gases pass around the outside．A． water-tube B． fire-tube C． exhaust gas D． none of the above 23．The safety valve should be ______ in the presence of C/E and Surveyor．A． tightened up B． sealed up C． opened up D． unscrewed24．Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______．A． check and regulate the water levelB． close the air cock once fires are litC． blowdown the gauge glassD． crack the steam stop to assure protective steam flow25．When a clarifier is running the impurities and water collect at the bowl ______．A． center B． periphery C． inlet D． upper parts26．Oil water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when ______ bilge water．A． to pump off B． being pumped C． pumping out D． it pumping out 27．The term 'discharge', as it applies to the pollution regulations, means ______．A． spilling B． leaking C． dumping D． All of the above28．The bilge main is arranged to drain any watertight compartment ______ ballast, oil or water tanks and to discharge the contents overboard．A． more than B． other than C． in addition to D． except for 29．According to the international regulations concerning the prevention of pollution of sea areas from ships, the disposal into the sea of all plastics is ______．A． welcome B． admitted in some special sea areas C． prohibited D． acceptable 30．When the desired rudder angle is attained by a typical double ram electro-hydraulic steering gear, the ______．A． ram relief valves bypass oil to stop rudder movementB． six-way valve shifts to the neutral flow positionC． steering pump electric motor is de-energized by the transfer switchD． follow-up gear takes the hydraulic pump off stroke31．If a hydraulic pump is overheating, the cause may be ______．A． excessive internal leakage in the pumpB． low discharge pressure and fluid flowC． excessive fluid level in the hydraulic reservoirD． operation of the pump at 100% efficiency32．We’ve tried many ways, but all in vain. Only in this way, _____ the problem, I’m sure.A. can we solveB. we can solveC. we will solveD. can be solved 33．According to the way the steering gear is operated, the steering gear may be divided into: hand-steering, ______ and automatic steering．A． hydraulic steering B． follow-up steeringC． remote control steering D． air controlled steering34．With reference to rules governing steering gear, which one of the following rules is incorrect ?A． It is required that all ships are provided with two independent steering gear systems that is one main and one auxiliary．B． The auxiliary gear could be power operated in passenger ships．C． The auxiliary gear must be of adequate strength and sufficient to steer a ship at navigable speed．D． All moving parts of the steering gear must be guarded against any possible damage．35．More than one stage of evaporation can take place by admitting the sea water into chambers with progressively ______ pressure in the flash evaporator．A． lower B． higher C． the lower D． the higher36．The process of boiling seawater in order to separate it into freshwater vapor and brine is usually defined as ______．A． dehydration B． condensation C． evaporation D． dissolution37．The starting air bottle should be pumped up to maximum pressure by the ______ before start of the engine．A． air compressor B． refrigeration compressor C． vacuum pump D． purifier 38．What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers?A． Drain the accumulated moisture．B． Test the relief valves．C． Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure．D． Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter．39．Some chloronated flourocarbon refrigerants may decompose into a toxic irritating gas if it is ______．A． stored at temperatures below 60 degrees FahrenheitB． charged into a system having copper fittingsC． allowed to mix with compressor oilD． exposed to an open flame or hot surface40．The temperature ______ a liquid changes its state from liquid to gas depends upon the liquid itself and upon the pressure ______ it is subjected in the containing vessel．A． at which/to which B． at which/in whichC． to which/from which D． in which/on which41．For safe storage, the maximum allowable temperature to which refrigerant bottles should be exposed is ______．A． 100℃B． 125℃C． 150℃D． 175℃42．The amount of moisture in a given sample of air, when compared with the amount of moisture the air could hold if totally saturated at the existing temperature of the sample, is called ______．A． absolute humidity B． specific humidityC． effective humidity D． relative humidity43．The flash point of a petroleum product is an indication of its ______．A． viscosity B． pour point C． volatility D． lower explosive limit44．A combination combustible gas and oxygen indicator is an instrument that measures the ______ of both combustible gas and oxygen ; each is indicated on a separate meter．A． purities B． combinations C． concentrations D． filters45．Ammeter is to measure the ______．A． current B． voltage C． power D． frequency46．In a modern three-phase A．C． synchronous brushes generator, the excitation winding is on the rotor． That means ______．A． The generator need not excitation．B． The winding on the rotor is for inputting excitation current．C． There are three phase windings on the rotor．D． The generator has brushes．47．Self-excited a.c. generator with …error operated‟ voltage control systems draw the full e xcitation power for the machine terminals. This dispenses with the current transformers, reactors andcapacitors necessary for accurate compounding, but renders the excitation system vulnerable to variations in its output voltage. Which of the following is correct about the generator mentioned according to the sentences above?A. It consumes no excitation power .B. It has current transformers.C. Components are needed for accurate compounding.D. Its excitation system is vulnerable to voltage variations48．If you ___ the equipment more carefully before sail, we ____ so much trouble now.A. examined, are not havingB. had examined, would not haveC. had examined, would not have hadD. should examine, would not have49．This arrangement is ______ if the elements are directly connected to one another and the control action takes place without human involvement．A． a manual closed loop B． a manual opened loopC． an automatic closed loop D． an automatic opened loop50．The viscosity regulator controls the fuel oil temperature ______ provide oil at the correct viscosity for combustion．A． in order that B． because of C． in order to D． owing to51．Diesel engine exhaust temperatures may be used to indicate ______．A． leaking exhaust valves B． an overloaded cylinderC． a clogged injector nozzle D． all of the above．52．Domestic water pump is started automatically by ______ which operates as the water level falls to a predetermined level．A． a level controller B． a temperature switchC． a floating ball D． a pressure switch 53．_____thrust and resistance equal each other, the ship always travels at a constant speed.A. As long asB. As far asC. As well asD. Unless54．An automated diesel engine should normally shut down due to ______．A． low lube oil temperatureB． high ambient air temperatureC． low lube oil pressureD． high exhaust system back pressure55．The diesel engine consumes considerably less fuel than the steam engine for equal output, _____enables a motor-ship to load more cargo.A. whyB. whichC. in whichD. on which56．Rounds _____. Everything is in good order.A. operatedB. madeC. runD. done57．The additional mark ______ in the Classification Certificate for Machinery means propulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engine assembly control station is unmanned periodically．A． BRC B． MCC C． AUT-0 D． AUT-158．Safety-management objectives of the Company should establish safeguards ______ all identified risks．A． with B． without C． against D． above59．When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include ______ appropriately, many factors shall be taken into account．A． satisfied engineers B． qualified ratingsC． satisfied chief engineer D． qualified chief engineer60．We have stayed at Shanghai port for a long time．The fouling on the ship‟s hull greatly increases her ______．A． power B． speed C． resistance D． thrust force61．There is too much water in the fuel．It doesn‟t_______ to the specifi cations．A． come from B． come in C． come out D． come up62．This machine ______ out of order very often, but now it works well．A． is used to be B． was used to be C． used to be D． was used to63．There is a danger of the starting current _____ that the windings are burnt out.A. to increaseB. to be so increasedC. increasedD. being so increased 64．While loading bulk oil, you notice oil on the water near the barge． Which of the following actions should you carry out FIRST?A． Search the vessel for leaksB． Notify terminal superintendentC． Stop loadingD． Notify the Coast Guard65．The first step you would take in helping an unconscious victim who is not breathing is ______．A． stop bleeding B． open airwayC． mouth-to-mouth respiration D． call for help66．After a fire has been extinguished in a closed space, personnel may safely enter the space when______．A． smoke density has been decreased sufficiently to see the bulkhead opposite thecompartment's entranceB． a lifeline and explosion proof flash light are usedC． all smoke and toxic fumes are removed and an adequate oxygen supply is presentD． overhaul has been completed to remove any possible source of re-ignition 67．Administrations should bear in mind the significance of ______ in maintaining safety of life and property at sea and in preventing marine pollution．A． advanced nautical equipmentB． advanced performance main enginesC． emergency equipmentD． communication and language skills68．The International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate shall be issued for a period specified by the Administration, which shall not exceed ______ from the date of issue．A． six months B． one year C． three years D． five years二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing．The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (12) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (11), two tubular push rods (5) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (3) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (6) and a yoke guide pins． See Fig． 14 - 1．The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms． The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (6)．Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine's secondary oil supply manifoldthrough drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket．The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold． For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger．To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm andyoke． All adjustments have to be done on a cold engine only．69．According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is_______．A． before the engine is startedB． when the engine is runningC． after the engine has just been stoppedD． when something has gone wrong with the engine70．The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of_______．A． the main lube systemB． the secondary oil systemC． the special pumping systemD． the turbine oil system71．According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include_______．A． tappet rollersB． push rodsC． nodular cast ironD． yokes and guide pins72．To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenance schedule?A． The one between the cam and the tappet roller．B． The one between the push rods and the ball joints．C． The one between the rocker arms and the yoke．D． The one between two tubular push rods．第二组:Battery maintenance is substantially the same for both types of battery． Cell tops must be kept clean and dry, vents clear and free from deposits, terminal connections tight, free ofcorrosion and coated with petroleum jelly to prevent corrosion． Electrolyte levels should be checked and topped up with distilled water to cover the plates．Safety precautions necessary during these procedures include wearing suitable protective clothing (rubber apron, rubber gloves and eye goggles), ensuring no sources of naked light are taken into the battery room and using insulated spanners and none metallic jugs and other utensils to prevent sparks and short circuits．In addition suitable first aid treatments should be available． Sulphuric acid splashes on the skin should be washed off with fresh water and treated with a saline solution (one tablespoon of salt to half a litre of water)． Potassium hydroxide splashes should again be washed off with fresh water but treated with boracic powder or a boracic acid solution (one teaspoonful of boracic powder to half a litre of water)． Splashes in the eye are particularly dangerous． Liberalsplashing of water in the eye, followed by washing in the aforementioned neutralizing solutions is the immediate treatment． Rapid action and large quantities of water are essential, followed by seeking qualified medical attention．The state of charge of a cell can be checked by measuring its terminal voltage while supplying load current; the terminal voltage of an idle cell is likely to be high giving a falseindication of a fully charged cell．The terminal voltage of a fully charged alkaline cell is about 1．2V , falling to 1．09V when fully discharged．The terminal voltage of a fully charged acid cell is about 2．0V, falling to 1．75V when fully discharged．(The following questions are based on the passage above)73．This passage is mainly about_______．A． electric motor construction B． battery maintenanceC． how to charge a cell D． how to measure the voltage74．What precautions should be taken during topping up the electrolyte?A． using conducted spanners B． using metallic jugsC． wearing rubber gloves D． all of the above75．The third paragraph discusses_______．A． sulphuric acid B． saline solutionC． patassium hydroxide D． suitable first aid treatments 76．Which of the following is NOT true?A． By measuring the terminal volt age, you can check the state of charge of a cellB． If potassium hydroxide splashes on the skin, you should treat it with saline of certain density C． The terminal voltage of a fully discharged acid cell will be higherthan that of a fully charged alkaline cellD． None of the above is true三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）77.船东，PSCO涉及到机舱的检查项目，重点是15PPM自动报警器、机舱的灭火设备等。
轮机英语关联题(附答案)m二三管轮...教材
关联题（136题）Passage 1Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pin.s. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine’s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. Alladjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.Fig-4-1 Valve drive mechanism1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________.A. the main lube systemB. the secondary oil systemC. the special pumping systemD. the turbine oil system3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ______.A. tappet rollersB. push rodsC. nodular cast ironD. yokes and guide pins4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenance schedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller.B. The one between the push rods and the ball joints.C. The one between the rocker aims and the yokeD. The one between two tubular push rods.AACCPassage 2Compressor cleaning during engine operationThe compressor may be cleaned by water injection during the engine operation. The cleaning process will have good results as long as the deposit formation has not gone too far. In ease a very thick hardened crest of dirt the compressor has to be dismantled for cleaning.In this method of cleaning the water is not acting as a solvent but instead removes the deposits mechanically by the impact of the water droplets. It is therefore recommended to use clean water without additives. The water should not contain any additives which might remain on the compressor blades.Periodically cleaning of the compressor (Fig. 4-2) prevents or delays excessive build-up of dirt but in no way replaces the usual overhauls where the turbocharger is completely dismantled.The turbocharger is provided with a water container (1). During the cleaning procedure the container is pressurized with the charge air (2) and from where the water is forced to the compressor inlet (3).1. Which of the following statements can be used to clean the compressor with the engine running?A. Water droplets Water with additives C. Charge air D. Hard crust2. What principal is used in this method of cleaning?A. The cleanser solves the deposits.B. The cleanser melts the deposits.C. The cleanser beats the deposits mechanically.D. The high pressure of the cleanser removes the deposits.3. Which of the following statements is not correct?A. The compressor needs regular cleaning.B. Periodical cleaning of the compressor contributes to reducing build-up of dirt.C. It’s not necessary to dismantle the turbocharger if periodical cleaning of the compressor is performed.D. Additives should better be avoided during the cleaning process.4. The cleaning water should not contain any additives, because_____.A. they may delay build-up of dirtB. they might remain on the blades of the compressorC. they may be forced to the compressor inletD. they are not good solventsACCBPassage 3Charge air coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk) . The trunk is bolted to the engine block.Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from the HT cooling system and cools the charge air till approx. 90 -100℃. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the LT water system and cools the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50℃. By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air temperature can be kept constant at the required temperature.The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature.Whilst the engine is running the air and coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hole at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the passage, the expression “HT”probably means ______.A. HIGH TANKB. HIGH TEMPERA TUREC. HEAT TRANSMISSIOND. HEAT TRANSFER2. In order to maintain the charge air temperature we should control ______.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the first stage cooler3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that _____.A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape from the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders4. The function of the telltale hole is to ______.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiverBBCDPassage 4The vibration damper serves to reduce the torsional vibration generated by the crankshaft. The damper consists of a housing and a free rotating inertia ring supported by an axial bearing. It forms a totally enclosed unit. The free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a high viscous fluid. When the crankshaft rotates at constant speed, the inertia ring will follow this movement. The combustion pressure exerted on each piston generates vibration in the crankshaft, and each variation generated by such a vibration will affect the movement of the inertia ring. The resulting shift of the ring to the damper housing is opposed by the viscous fluid and the vibration will be reduced.The energy, absorbed during the process, is converted into heat and then radiated to the surrounding air. Hence, proper ventilation of the damper is essential.The viscous damper fluid is during engine operation subjected to ageing and the fluid becomes more viscous. In sending fluid samples on a regular base to the damper manufacturer the rate in reduction of the viscosity can be determined. As sampling interval time is 6000 hours advised. Dampers with a too high fluid viscosity may cause crankshaft breakdown.The damper cover has two filling holes located 180o opposite each other and closed by screw-in filler plugs. If one of these plugs is accessible, a fluid sample container can be screwed in and a sample taken with the damper in place. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in the vertical position.For liquid sampling, a special kit can be ordered from Stork-Wartsila Diesel.1. The general description of the vibration damper tells us that_____.A. the free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a low viscous fluidB. when the inertia ring moves at constant speed , the crankshaft follows this movementC. the damper is made up of a housing and a free rotating inertia ringD. no ventilation of the damper is necessary as the vibration reduction process absorbs little energy2. Which of the following statements is not true about maintenance of the viscous damper?A. Sampling interval time for determining the quality of the fluid is 6000 hours.B. For liquid sampling, a special kit can be used.C. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in place.D. The viscous fluid in a damper becomes more viscous as time goes by.3. During the engine operation, the vibration damper can_____.A. transfer the energy of the engineB. absorb the combustion heatC. oppose the crankshaft rotatingD. reduce the vibration of the crankshaft4. According to the passage, we learn that two filling holes in the damper cover are used _____.A. to recharge the fluidB. to ventilate the damperC. to fit the containerD. to take the sampleCCDDPassage 5The vibration damper employs a high viscous fluid to oppose the shift of the inertia ring to the damper housing. It is necessary to get samples to determine the rate in reduction of the viscosity. The steps to draw off the sample are as follows(Refer to the Fig. 4-3):1. Turn the engine until the drain plugs are easy accessible. Do not unscrew the drain plug until the damper is luke warm (approx. 40o C ).2. Carefully tap the locking of the upper drain plug backwards, using a punch, and unscrew the threaded plug. Do not yet remove the plug!3. Unscrew one cap nut from the (plastic) liquid container.4. Remove the drain plug and screw the liquid container instead.5. Remove the outer cap nut from the liquid container. Make sure that no machine oil or dirt can enter the liquid container!6. Screw the outer cap nut again, once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container. The filling-up period of the liquid container may take from a few seconds up to more than an hour, depending on the liquid condition.7. Unscrew the liquid container from the damper and fit the drain plug using a new joint ring (supplied with the mounting kit).8. Fit the second cap on the liquid container.If no sample can be taken in this way, you can proceed as follows:- If still no liquid appears after a while, remove the second drain plug, too.- Supply nitrogen of 3.5 bar maximum pressure through the open filling hole.If no nitrogen is available, air may be used, provided this air is properly filtered and dry.- Once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container, cut off the supply of nitrogen and screw the cap on the liquid container.- After the nitrogen supply has cut off, unscrew the liquid container, screw the second cap and fit both drain plugs.If a liquid sample cannot be obtained this way either, it can be assumed that the damper liquid has thickened to an inadmissible value, necessitating the replacement of the damper.1. According to the passage, we can learn that_____.A. before using the container to draw off the sample, both ends of it are closedB. the liquid container must be washed with machine oil before samplingC. liquid sampling must take more than one hourD. two liquid samples should be taken every time2. If the liquid sample cannot be taken any way, it means_____.A. nitrogen pressure is too lowB. the quantity of the damper fluid is insufficientC. the viscous fluid in damper becomes too thickD. the method of liquid sampling is incorrect3. Which statement is tree about the sampling process?A. The drain plug can be unscrewed regardless of the damper temperature.B. The drain plug should not be removed until one cap nut from the liquid container is unscrewed.C. The outer cap nut must be screwed before the liquid reaches the open end of the liquid container.D. The drain plug can be fit by using the old joint ring.4. If no sample can be taken by removing the first drain plug, then which of the following is done?A. The second drain plug should be removed too.B. A pressure of 5.3 bar should be applied.C. Clean and damp air is used instead of nitrogen if the latter is not available.D. The nitrogen supply continues when the liquid has reached the outer end of the liquid container. ACBAPassage 6At the first start, listen carefully for possible jarring(刺耳的) sounds. If anything is suspected, stop the engine immediately, otherwise stop the engine after 5 minutes’ idling. Check at least the temperatures of the main and big end bearings and of all other bearings which have been opened. Make visual inspection from below to the cylinder liners and piston skirts which have been opened. If everything is in order, restart.Check that there is no leakage of gas, water, fuel or lubricating oil. Especially observe the fuel lines, HP fuel pumps and injectors. Watch the quantities emerging from the leak oil pipes!Check that the starting air manifold is not hot at any cylinder (leaky starting valve may cause explosion!After overhaul, the following instructions are important:- check pressure and temperature gauges.- check the automatic alarm and stop devices.- check the pressure drop over the fuel filter and lubricating oil filter.- check the oil level in the oil sump/oil tank. Estimate the condition of the oil.- check the de-aerating of the engine circulating water system.- check the quantity of fuel leak.- check the telltale holes for leaks.- check the circulating water quality- check the cylinder pressures.- listen for jarring sounds.- check the crankcase pressure.- check the starting air manifold.Running-in is mainly intended to let piston tings "wear" to fit properly in the cylinder liner.Do not continuously run at constant load during the running -in process ( Fig. 4-4).It is important to vary the load several times. The ring grooves in the piston will have a different tilting angle at each load and consequently the piston ring has a different contact line to the cylinder liner wall.1. Paragraph 1 tells us that_____.A. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, or allow it to operate at low speed for5 minutes, then stop it and check everythingB. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, otherwise the engine will be stopped automatically after 5 minutesC. if we hear explosion sounds we should stop the engine then check everythingD. if we hear surging sounds, we should stop the engine immediately otherwise after 5 minutes the engine will be destroyed2. After overhaul, following instructions are important except_____.A. release air from the engine circulating water systemB. treat the circulating water if necessaryC. make sure the pressure drop is enough besides the fuel filterD. make sure the quantity of lube oil meets the requirement3. After piston overhaul, the running-in process should be carried out_____.A. periodically at steady loadB. occasionally at various loadC. continually at constant loadD. continually at various load4. When dealing with engine troubles, _____.A. no leakage of lubricating oil should be checked_____.B. quantities of oil emerging from the leak oil pipes must be watchedC. quality of the leak oil must be watchedD. the number of the leaking fuel lines should be checkedACDBPassage 7This sequence of events is made possible by substituting ports in the bottom of the cylinder wall for the inlet and exhaust valves. There are two groups of these ports, one for exhaust and the other for scavenging air, usually on the opposite sides of the cylinder, but in some designs both groups are arranged on the same side. The exhaust ports connect with the exhaust manifold, while the scavenging ports communicate with the scavenging air receiver in which low-pressure air is stored. The exhaust ports are slightly higher than the scavenging ports, so that they are uncovered by the piston while the scavenging ports are still closed.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )1. From the paragraph above, we know that_____.A. In general, both exhaust ports and scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides of the cylinderB. The exhaust ports are on the opposite sides, but the scavenging air ports are on the same sidesC. The scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides, but the exhaust ports are on the same sidesD. Two groups of parts are never arranged on the same sides2. According to the above paragraph the exhaust ports link with_____.A. the exhaust valvesB. the scavenging air receiversC. the exhaust manifoldD. the scavenging portsThe engine is also provided with a governor which is designed to regulate the engine' s speed by adjusting the quantity of oil injected. When the engine runs at a speed higher or lower than that is set, the governor will act automatically reduce or increase the fuel oil supply so that the engine can be adjusted.( The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )3. From this paragraph we can understand that_____.A. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will increase the fuel oil supplyB. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will decrease the fuel oil supplyC. the governor will not act until the engine runs at speed lower than that is setD. the governor regulates the engine's speed by adjusting the fuel oil injection4. The engine governor is used for_____.A. adjusting the fuel oil injection qualityB. adjusting the engine speedC. keeping the engine at higher speedD. keeping the engine at lower speedACBBPassage 8The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the various moving parts in an engine. Its main function is to enable the formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear. The lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some engines as a coolant. The usual method of bearing lubrication is by forced feed system, which supplies oil to all bearings, so that a film of oil is maintained on the journal and bearing surfaces.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. The forced feed system is put into use in order to _____.A. supply oil to all parts of the engineB. lubricate the bearing and the pistonC. maintain a film of oil on the journal and bearing surfacesD. maintain a film of oil on the piston surfaces only2. What is the function of lubricating oil?A. Formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear.B. Used as a cleaner.C. As a coolant in engines.D. All of the above.Fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind-flanges.(The following questions are based on the passage above. )3. In which situation we should use sea water system instead of fresh water system?A. When sea water pumps are damaged.B. When sea water cooler is damaged.C. When fresh water pumps are damaged.D. The blind-flanges are broken.4. The word “merely” in this paragraph could best be replaced by_____.A. onlyB. necessaryC. butD. ifCDCAPassage 9Because the exhaust gas driven turbo-blower cannot provide enough air at low engine speeds, the pressurized air should be cooled to increase the charge air density. As the air passes through the charge air cooler, its temperature may be reduced and moisture condensed, with the condensate in danger of being carried into the engine. So a water separator should be mounted beneath the bottom part of the engine inlet manifold.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. A water separator is used in order to _____.A. keep the air from being carded into the engineB. keep the moisture from being condensedC. keep the danger from being carded into the engineD. take away the condensate from the air2. Why should we use a charge air cooler?A. In order to increase the charge air temperature.B. In order to increase the charge air pressure.C. In order to reduce moisture condensed.D. In order to increase the charge air density.Lubricating oil from the compressor will pass along the air lines and deposit on them, in the event of a cylinder air starting valve leaking, hot gases would pass into the air pipes and ignite the lubricating oil. If starting air were supplied to the engine, this would further feed the fire and could lead to an explosion inthe pipelines. In order to prevent such an occurrence, cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintained and the pipelines regularly drained. Also oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimum, by careful maintenance.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. Which of the following may cause an explosion according to the passage?A. Starting air cannot be supplied into the engine.B. Air starting valve leaks and starting air is supplied into the engine.C. Cylinder-starting valves are properly maintained.D. Oil discharged from compressors is kept to a minimum.4. In order to avoid igniting the lubricating oil and leading to an explosion in the pipelines, _____.A. pipelines should be regularly drainedB. cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintainedC. oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimumD. A+B+CDDBDPassage 10Fuel oil is thought to be one of the main factors, having much to do with the operation and maintenance of an engine. The fuel oil system for a diesel engine can be considered in two parts: the fuel supply and the fuel injection system. When the atomized fuel is injected into the combustion space, ignition is not altogether instantaneous, a definite time lag being measurable between the time of injection and ignition. The period of ignition lag depends, among other factors, on the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. This paragraph tells us that_____.A. ignition takes place before the injection of the atomized fuelB. ignition takes place simultaneously with the injection of the atomized fuelC. the period of ignition lag depends only on the quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed airD. the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air are the two main factors determining the period of ignition lag2. “instantaneous瞬间的” in the passage probably means_____.A. simultaneous（同时的）B. afterC. beforeD. whenThe crankshaft is built up, the forged main bearing journals being shrunk into cast steel crank throws. The crank throws are displaced from each other to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throws. The alignment of the crankshaft in the bedplate should be checked at intervals to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stresses, which, under extreme conditions, may cause crankshaft failure.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. What does the word “alignment” mean in this passage?A. the bedplate is checked at intervalsB. to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stressesC. to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throwsD. arrangement in a straight line4. The number of degrees between the different crank throws should beA. all the sameB. a little bit differentC. smallerD. largerDADAPassage 11During overhaul the safety roles have to be observed as required in order to prevent the danger of accidents. Special precaution is necessary when the engine is running with lagging removed. During overhauls, with the engine shut down, safety measures should be taken to avoid undesirable turning of the crankshaft. All pipes should be pressure-relieved before the repair work is started. Read the pressure gauges and/or check the pipes by carefully loosening the screw plugs or connections.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. During overhaul, we have to observe the safety rules, in order to _____.A. avoid desirable turning of the crankshaftB. make all pipes pressure-relievedC. avoid the danger of accidentsD. let the crankshaft turn undesirably2. Before the repair work is started, _____.A. engine should be pressure-chargedB. the pressure in all pipes should be increasedC. all pipes should be pressure-relievedD. the air in some pipes should be relievedFresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind flanges.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. From this paragraph, we can see that_____.A. the cylinder jackets and covers are cooled by fresh water and then by sea waterB. fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engineC. fresh water is used for the cooling of the main engineD. sea water is used for the cooling of both the fresh water and the main engine4. According to the paragraph, the term “various cooling liquids” refers to_____.A. fresh water and sea waterB. air and fresh waterC. fresh water and cooling oilD. sea water and airCCBCPassage 12The installation including expansion, preheating and pressurizing should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions of the engine manufacturer to obtain a correct and trouble free installation. There should be no reason to carry out any maintenance to the cooling water system unless the temperatures in the cooling water system start to rise without any clear reason. Normally all inspections andmechanical cleaning of the cooling water system components are better to do at planned intervals.The circulating fresh water should be treated according to the recommendations to prevent corrosion and deposits. If the risk of freezing occurs, drain all cooling water spaces. Avoid using fresh cooling water. Save the drained water and use it again.In completely closed systems the fouling will be minimal ff the cooling water is treated according to the instructions.Depending on the cooling water quality and the efficiency of the treatment, the cooling water spaces may or may not foul over the length of time. Deposits on cylinder liners walls, cylinder heads and cooler stacks should be removed to avoid disturbance in the heat transfer to the cooling water with thermal overload as consequence.The necessity of cleaning should be investigated, especially during the first year of operation. This may be done during overhaul of a cylinder liner inspection for fouling and deposits on the liner and block. The cylinder head cooling water spaces can be checked by removing the water space plugs in the sides of the cylinder heads. The turbocharger can be checked through the inspection covers of the water spaces. The deposits can quite vary in structure and consistency. In principle, it can be removed mechanically and/or chemically.1. The sentence “The circulating fresh water should be treated ...” (paragraph 2), most probably means that the fresh cooling water should be _____.A. drained to avoid freezingB. collected when drainingC. changed at planned intervalsD. analyzed and dosage added if necessary2. Which of the following statements is true?A. The cooling water system does not need maintenance if it works normally.B. The circulating fresh water does not need special treatment when in normal operation.C. In completely closed cooling water system scale will not be formed.D. Deposits in the cooling water system may not be formed over the length of time.3. Which of the following statements about the first sentence in paragraph 1 is true?A. The engine is installed by the manufacturer free of charge.B. The engine should be warmed in advance before installing.C. The installation must be conducted according to the instructions.D. The installation may be carried out freely.4. We can _____ to find out about the scale in the cooling water space of the cylinder cover.A. overhaul the cylinder linersB. remove the plugs in the sides of the headsC. open the inspection coversD. withdraw the pistonsDACBPassage 13Mechanical cleaningA great deal of the deposits consists of loose sludge and solid particles which can be brushed and rinsed off with water. On places where the accessibility is good, e.g. cylinder liners, mechanical cleaning of considerably harder deposits is efficient. In some cases it is advisable to combine chemical cleaning with a。
轮机英语问答题答案及翻译
1. how long have you worked on board?I have worked on board for 10 years.1。
你多长时间在船上工作的？我在船上工作了10年。
2. which certificate do you have now?I have the second engineer’s certificate.2。
该证书你有吗？我有个工程师的证书3. what is your marital status?how many departments are there on board?I am married. There are there departments on board.3。
什么是您的婚姻状况？有多少部门在船上呢？我结婚了。
在船上有三个部门。
4. how many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are there people in my family. Yes,I am married.4。
有多少人在你的家庭吗？你结婚了吗？那里有我的家人的人。
是的，我结婚了5. how many countries have you ever been to?I have been to seven countries.5。
有多少个国家，你有没有去过？我到过7个国家。
6. when did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?I began to work on board in 2000.i have worked on bulk sarriers.6。
你什么时候开始在船上工作的？什么样的船你工作呢？我开始在船上工作2000.i对散装sarriers工作。
7. how many importment canals are there all over the world?Three . the pamama ,suez and kiel.7。
轮机英语试题液压系统和设备.docx
Lesson 201817.A hydraulic motor may be driven by ____ .A.an electric motorB. a diesel engineC. a compressorD. oil1818.In a hydraulic system, _______ are used to protect the system from over pressure.A.stop valvesB. check valvesC. safety valvesD. reducing valves1819.Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to allow the hydraulic energy to be controlled?A.hydraulic pumpsB. valvesC・ hydraulic cylinders D. hydraulic motors1820.Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to Convert mechanical into hydraulic energy?A.The hydraulic pumpsB. ValvesC. Hydraulic cylindersD. Hydraulic motors1821.Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following is used to Convert hydraulic energy into continuous rotary motion?A.Hydraulic pumpsB. ValvesC. Hydraulic cylindersD. Hydraulic motors 1822.The rotor of the hydraulic motor rotates at a speed proportional to the ____ •A.flow of oil B. pressure of oil C. A and B D・ temperature of oil1823.What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid?A.Relief valveB. Direction control valveC. Stop valve D・ Pressure control valve1824.External and internal leakage in hydraulic systems may be caused by ____ .A.unusual vibrationB. excessive worn partsC・ abnormal pressure D. any of the above1825.Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to convert the hydraulic energy into linear motion?A.Hydraulic pumpsB. ValvesC. Hydraulic cylindersD. Hydraulic motors1826. ____ play a very important part in hydraulic systems by preventing interaction between different parts of the hydraulic circuit.A.MotorsB. Check valvesC. Safety valvesD. Reducing valve1827.Which of the following can be used in hydraulic transmission system?A.Hydraulic oil B・ Animal oilC. Light oilD. Fuel oil182& A hydraulic machine is one that uses ____ to do work.A.liquidB. steamC. gasD. electricity1829.Hydraulic machinery failures are commonly caused by misalignment of thesystem components and by ____A. hydraulic fluid contamination C.turbulent fluid flow1830. Hydraulic machinery failures are commonly caused by contamination of the hydraulic fluid and ____ .A. fluid frictionB. fluid turbulenceC. component misalignment D ・ pressure surges1831. Overheating of a hydraulic system may be a result of ____ •A. changing pump discharge pressure in response to normal load variationsB. a high oil levelC ・ incoiiect fluid viscosityD. continued slow re-circulation of the oil1832. Which of the following statements describes the functions of a reservoir used in a hydraulic system?A. Dissipate heat. B ・ Trap foreign matte 匚C ・ Separate air from the oil. D. All of the above.1833. When normal operating pressure is applied to the hydraulic oil used in a high-pressure system, the oil ____ •A. viscosity will decreaseB. volume will increaseC. volume will decreaseD. pour point will be reduced1834・ Which characteristic or condition will have the greatest effect on increasing a hydraulic oil's viscosity?A. Pour pointB. Cloud pointC. VacuumD. Pressure1835. Sluggish response or action of the hydraulic actuators may be a result of ___ .A. insufficient loadB. excessively high oil viscosityC. relief-valve pressure setting too highD. reservoir level being maintained two inches above normal1836. Flexible hose under pressure in a hydraulic system will ____ ・A. tend to twist about its long axisB. expand in length and in diameterC. contract in length and expand in diameterD. flex at right angles to the applied pressure1837. Pressure in an operating hydraulic system is developed ____ .A. only by the pump as its primary functionB. by resistance to the fluid flow through the systemC. by the thermal input to the system's fluidD. solely by the charge applied by the accumulatorsB. excessive fluid friction D. fluid pressure surges1838・ When installing a hydraulic hose, which of the following precautions should be taken?A.The hose should not be twisted.B.The hose should be protected with a sleeve if it is subjected to rubbing.C.There should be some slack in the hose.D.All of the above.1839・ Which of the listed pressure control valves would be used to establish the maximum operating pressure of a hydraulic system?A. Pressure-reducing valve.B. Unloading valve.C. Counterbalance valve.D. Pressure-relief valve.1840.In the design of hydraulic piping and equipment consideration is given to minimize turbulence in the hydraulic fluid, as this will cause ____ .A.molecular fluid vibrationB.energy lossesC.wide pressure variationsD.mechanical damage to control valves1841.If you are given the job of adding hydraulic fluid to a mooring winch, and are not certain as to the type of fluid to use, you should ____ .A.add fluid that is the same color as the fluid in the reservoirB.add turbine oil because it is always a good substituteC・ add any oil that has the same viscosity as the hydraulic fluidD.check the winch manufacturers instruction book1842.A gradual decrease in the discharge pressure of an operating hydraulic pump can be caused by ____ .A.the four-way control valve failing to shiftB.the bleeder valve sticking in the open positionC.cold hydraulic fluidD.a clogged air vent falter on the oil reservoir1843.If the relief valve on the discharge side of a hydraulic pump lifts, the cause could be ____ •A.a low load on the unitB.a clogged pump suction strainerC.a blockage in the line between the pump and hydraulic motorD.the hydraulic motor turning too fast1844・ The major source of chemical contaminants in hydraulic fluid is __ .A. microscopic steel shavingsB. abrasive wasteC.anti-oxidant compoundsD. oxidation by-products1845.An internal bypass is provided on some hydraulic system suction strainers tohelp reduce the possibility of ____ .A. aeration of the oilB. contamination of the oilC. pump cavitationD. spongy actuator movements1846.Overload protection on hydraulic system is provided by the use of ___ •A. stop valvesB. pressure relief valvesC・ balance valves D. regulating speed valves1847.It is important with all hydraulic systems to ensure that interlocking arrangements provided for pump or motor control levers are _____ before the pump driving motor can be started.A. in the pert positionB. in the starboard positionC・ in the neutral position D・ to be dismantled1848.Which of the following hydraulic systems is not one of the three sub-division of the Hydraulic drive system?A. Constant pressure systemB. Variable pressure systemC. Variable displacement systemD. Constant volume system1849.A variable displacement system of hydraulic drives consists of ___ .A.a variable displacement axial piston pumpB.a constant displacement axial piston pumpC.a reciprocating piston pumpD.a centrifugal pump1850・ Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following is used to convert hydraulic energy into continuous rotary motion.A. hydraulic pumpsB. ValvesC. hydraulic cylindersD. hydraulic motor1851. __ a re used to limit the pressure in any particular portion and mainly control the pressure after the valve.A. Relief valveB. Check valveC. Safety valvesD. Reduces valve1852.The rotor of the hydraulic motor rotates at a speed proportional to theA .flow of oil B. pressure of oil CA andB D temperature of oil 1853.What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid?A. Relief valveB. Check valveC. Stop valve D・ Pressure control valve1854. ______ play a very important part in hydraulic systems by preventing interaction between different parts of the hydraulic circuit.A. MotorsB. Check valvesC. Safety valvesD. Reducing valve1855.Which of the following can be used in hydraulic transmission system?A. hydraulic valves B・ animal oil C・ light oil D. fuel oil1856・ Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to convert are hydraulic energy into linear motion?A. hydraulic pumps B・ Valves C. hydraulic cylinders D. hydraulic motor1857.Which one of following statements is not true concerning the suitable sites of the direct acting relief valve and the pilot operated relieve valve?A.the direct acting relief valve is used for controlling lower flows and pressuresB.the pilot operated relief valve is used for controlling higher flows and pressure C ・ the pilot operated relief valve is used for controlling lower flows and pressure D.the controlling accuracy of direct acting relief valve is worse than that of the pilot operated relief valvepensated flow control, or constant flow valves are used in hydraulic systems to ______ ・A. compensate for major leaks in the systemB. maintain the original fluid viscosityC.allow for changes in pressure and temperature within the systemD.assure constant fluid temperature1859.If a hydraulic pump is overheating, the cause may be ___ .A.excessive internal leakage in the pumpB.low discharge pressure and fluid flowC.excessive fluid level in the hydraulic reservoirD.operation of the pump at 100% efficiency1860.Check valve is used to control ____A.direction of oil flowB.pressure of return oilC.byass of filterD.high pressure overflow1861.Hydraulic control check valve is generally used to _________ in the marine hydraulic mechanism.A control the back pressure of return oilB lock the oil lines under some conditionsC change the direction of oil flowD act as relief valve1862.Overflow valve is used to ____A control the fluid flow through itB prevent the pressure before it over the specified valueC make the pressure after it steadyD control the direction of oil flow1863.Generally the symbol (GB786.1-93) of overflow valve is ____ABC1864. _______________________________________ The symbol (GB786.1-93) at right side represents ___________________________ ▼A. overflow valve valve B reducing valve C relief valveD sequence1865. The symbol (GB786.1-93) at right side representsA. overflow valve B reducing valve C relief valve D sequencevalve1866・ ___ can be used to prevent hydraulic system overloaded or keep thepressure of oiloutlet from pump constant.A Overflow valveB Reducing valveC Balancing valveD Reducing valve or balancing valve1867. Which of the following problems will occur if the internal drain at either end of a hydraulic , two-way, spool-type directional control valve cylinder were to become plugged ?A ・ The reservoir would become vapor bound (范圉)B. The valve would be placed in hydraulic lockC ・ The spring loaded relief ports would openD. The buffering chambers (缓冲室)would be unable to function1868.in the variable delivery pump, moving the spindle more from the central pointwill cause _______ fluid to be pumped and consequently __________ pressure is generated to drive the rams.A more; moreB more; lessC less; moreD less; less1869. When the tilting box of a variable stroke axial-piston pump is perpendicular tothe pump shaft, which of the following conditions will exist?A the pistons reciprocateB the “B” end cylinder barrel rotatesC there is no fluid flowD power is transmitted hydraulically1870.Auxiliary components for hydraulic systems include accumulators,，reservoirs, heat exchangers, seals, pressure gauges and so on.A hydraulic pumpsB filtersC reservoirsD hydraulic control valves1871.Auxiliary components for hydraulic systems include accumulators, filters, reservoirs, _______ , seals, pressure gauges and so on.A hydraulic control valvesB hydraulic pumpsC hydraulic actuatorsD heat exchangers1872.Which of the following is not the advantage of hydraulic transmission?A the hydraulic transmission can easily realize automation and the pressure, flow rate and the flow direction can be regulated and controlledB the hydraulic system cannot protect from over-load easily, which can be done by electricitynor machine equipmentC hydraulic equipment has a good working stabilityD a hydraulic system can produce higher power than electrical equipment under the same volume1873.Which of the following is not the advantage of the hydraulic transmission?A more energy loss exists in a hydraulic transmission because of the oil leaks in hydraulic systemB hydraulic equipment has a good working stabilityC a hydraulic system can produce higher power than electrical equipment under the same volumeD the hydraulic system can protect from over-load easily, which cannot be done by electricity or machine equipment1874.A reservoir, as used in hydraulic systems aboard ship, is used to store hydraulic oil. Another function is to _____________A.act as a shock absorberB.maintain the stored oil under pressureC・ act as a base or foundation for the power unitD.eliminate pressure surges in the system。
轮机英语
2218. Lubricating oil systems are fitted with a wide variety of strainers some
of which can be cleaned in site while others have replaceable cartridgesThe bold
A． a priming device
B． a discharge branch √
C． a filter
D． a suction valve
2221. Every liquid has a pressure at which it will vaporize and this pressure
A． aeration tanks
B． settling tanks
C． disinfection agent
D． anaerobic bacteria √
2212. In its simplest form the pressure reducing valve is opened or closed by
downstream pressureThe bold and italic word “which” means _____√
A． a pressure reducing valve
B． a pilot valve √
C． an operating piston
D． downstream pressure
in which a perforated metal or wire basket is suspendedThe bold and italic word
轮机系统英语试题及答案
轮机系统英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the primary function of a marine engine?A. To generate electricityB. To propel the shipC. To provide heatingD. To cool the engine2. The term "deadweight tonnage" refers to:A. The weight of the ship without cargoB. The maximum cargo capacity of the shipC. The weight of the ship fully loadedD. The total weight of the ship including cargo3. Which of the following is NOT a type of marine fuel?A. Heavy fuel oilB. Marine diesel oilC. Liquefied natural gasD. Gasoline4. What does the abbreviation "BOP" stand for in a ship's engine room?A. Ballast On PumpB. Blow Off PressureC. Black Oil PumpD. None of the above5. The main purpose of a ship's propeller is to:A. Generate electricityB. Provide stabilityC. Change the direction of the shipD. Convert rotational motion into thrust6. What is the role of a marine boiler?A. To produce steam for propulsionB. To cool the engineC. To provide fresh waterD. To heat the ship's interior7. The term "trim" in ship terminology refers to:A. The angle of the ship's bowB. The weight distribution along the ship's lengthC. The shape of the ship's hullD. The speed of the ship8. What does "GT" stand for in ship specifications?A. Gross TonnageB. Gross TransportC. General TransportD. Global Trade9. The main difference between a diesel engine and a steam turbine is:A. The type of fuel usedB. The method of converting thermal energy into mechanical energyC. The color of the engineD. The size of the engine10. What is the purpose of a ship's bilge system?A. To clean the ship's hullB. To remove water from the ship's interiorC. To provide fresh water for the crewD. To cool the engine答案：1. B2. B3. D4. D5. D6. A7. B8. A9. B10. B二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. The main components of a marine engine include the__________, the __________, and the __________.2. The term "draught" refers to the __________ of the ship below the waterline.3. A ship's hull is divided into several __________ to increase its structural integrity.4. The "load line marks" on a ship indicate the __________ of the ship when loaded with cargo.5. The "freeboard" is the distance between the waterline and the __________ of the ship.6. The "safety valve" in a marine boiler is designed to__________ pressure.7. The "main engine" is the primary source of __________ fora ship.8. The "stern tube" is the part of the ship where the__________ is located.9. "Machinery space" refers to the area where the ship's__________ are located.10. The "lifeboat" is a vessel designed to __________ people in case of an emergency.答案：1. engine, boiler, turbine2. depth3. compartments4. maximum permissible draft5. deck6. relieve excessive7. propulsion8. propeller9. engines10. rescue三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）1. Explain the difference between a single-screw ship and a twin-screw ship.2. Describe the function of a ship's anchor and how it is used.答案：1. A single-screw ship is propelled by a single propeller, which is driven by the main engine. It is simpler in designand usually less expensive to build and maintain. A twin-screw ship, on the other hand, has two propellers, each driven by an engine, which can be the same or different. This configuration provides better maneuverability, redundancy in case one engine fails, and often results in higher speeds.2. A ship's anchor is a device used to secure the ship when it is not in motion, particularly in harbors or at sea when the ship needs to be stationary. The anchor is dropped to the seabed, where it digs into the bottom, providing resistance to the ship's movement. The anchor is connected to the。
《轮机英语》题库新题目练习
《轮机英语》题库新题目练习2251.The data to be recorded on this sheet _____ the performance of the engine.A. makes the experts to judgeB. enables the experts to judgeC. make the experts judgingD. enable the experts to judge此表所记录的数据能够使专家判断出发动机的操作性能2252.Cooling _____ the engine metals retain their mechanical properties.A. forcesB. enablesC. makesD. is able to冷却使发动机保持机械性能。
2253. _____ that everything in the engine crankcase is correct, start up the crankcase lubricating oil pumpA. To satisfyB. To be satisfiedC. After satisfyingD. After being satisfied确定发动机曲轴箱一切正常后，启动润滑油汞。
2254、Hearing a strong noise, _____ at once.A . the engine stoppedB. the engine was stoppedC. he stopped the engineD. he had stopped the engine引擎发出巨大响声后，应迅速关闭发动机。
2255. The two-stroke cycle begins with the piston coming up from the BDC, with the scavenging ports in the sides of the cylinders being _____.A. openB. uncoverC. coveredD. closed活塞从BDC中开启后二行程循环开始，同时汽缸边上排除废气的气门也随之打开。
轮机英语试题及答案
轮机英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. What is the term for the main engine of a ship?A. PropellerB. RudderC. EngineD. Boiler2. Which of the following is not a type of marine fuel?A. DieselB. BunkerC. GasolineD. Heavy Fuel Oil3. What does the abbreviation "SOLAS" stand for?A. Society of Legal and Administrative StudiesB. Safety of Life at SeaC. Special Operations and Logistics AssistanceD. Ship Operating and Lifesaving Systems4. What is the purpose of a ship's anchor?A. To propel the shipB. To steer the shipC. To secure the ship when not in motionD. To lift heavy objects5. The term "deadweight tonnage" refers to:A. The weight of the ship's hullB. The maximum weight a ship can carryC. The weight of the ship's cargoD. The weight of the ship's fuel6. What is the function of a ship's bilge?A. To store fresh waterB. To collect and pump out water from the hullC. To provide buoyancyD. To store oil7. Which of the following is a navigational instrument?A. CompassB. Engine roomC. LifeboatD. Anchor8. What is the term for the lowest part of a ship's hull?A. DeckB. HullC. KeelD. Stern9. What does "GM" stand for in ship stability calculations?A. Gross MassB. Gross TonnageC. Gantry MastD. Metacentric Height10. The International Maritime Organization is abbreviated as:A. IMOB. ITUC. ISOD. ILO二、填空题（每题1分，共5分）11. The main components of a ship's propulsion system include the ______, propulsion shaft, and propeller.12. The ______ is the person responsible for the operation and maintenance of the ship's engine.13. The term "freeboard" refers to the distance between the waterline and the ______ of the ship.14. A ship's ______ is the area where the crew lives and works.15. The ______ is a document that provides information about the ship's safety equipment and procedures.三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）16. Explain the difference between a cargo ship and a tanker.17. Describe the role of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in maritime safety.18. What are the main factors considered when designing a ship's hull?19. Discuss the importance of regular maintenance of a ship's engine.四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）20. Discuss the environmental impact of maritime transportation and how it can be mitigated.21. Analyze the challenges faced by a ship's crew during a long voyage and how they can be addressed.五、翻译题（每题5分，共10分）22. Translate the following sentence into English: “船舶的稳性是指船舶在受到外力作用时，能够保持平衡的能力。
轮机英语各章节考点试题
1船舶主推进装置（19-20’）1.1船舶动力装置概述1.1.1船舶动力装置的组成和类型及对船舶动力装置的要求1. Each type of engine has its application on board ship. The ____ main propulsion diesel engine operates on the two-stroke cycle.A. low speedB. medium speedC. high speedD. steam speed1.2 船舶柴油机1.2.1 船舶柴油机的基本特性2. The cetane number of a diesel fuel oil indicates its ____.A. viscosityB. acid contentC. heating valueD. ignition quality3. The operation between two fuel injections is called a ____.A. turning cycleB. working cycleC. working hourD. working stroke1.2.2 船舶柴油机的工作原理和基本结构4. The greatest turbulence in a diesel engine cylinder is created by the ____.A. shape of the combustion chamberB. fuel injection spray patternC. cylinder swept volumeD. degree of penetration of the fuel oil droplets5. Because the tie bolts are so close to the crankshaft, some engines employ____ to hold the crankshaft main bearing cap in position instead of conventional studs and nuts.A. through boltsB. jack boltsC. tap boltsD. fitted bolts6. ____for attachment to the propeller shaft also accommodates the turning gear and is integrally forged the crankshaft.A. The coupling flangeB. The camshaftC. The crosshead pinD. The cylinder jackets7. Which of the two events listed occurs simultaneously in a two-stroke \cycle diesel engine?A. Exhaust and scavengingB. Scavenging and compressionC. Ignition and expansionD. Exhaust and compression8. The rotary motion of a diesel engine piston crankshaft is obtained from the up and down motion of the piston via the _____.A. camshaftB. reduction gearsC. rocker armD. connecting or piston rod9. Combustion gases formed in the cylinder of a diesel engine are prevented from blowing past the piston by___.A. cylinder valveB. compression ringsC. piston skirtsD. oil rings10. On a large diesel engine installation, crankshaft axial alignment is maintained by the____.A. piston rod guidesB. engine thrust bearingC. crosshead bearingD. main shaft flexible coupling11. In a two-stroke cycle diesel engine, the process of scavenging begins as the ____.A. piston nears and passes TDCB. latter part of down strokeC. piston passes BDCD. early part of the down stroke1.2.3 船舶柴油机的工作系统、操纵系统和控制系统12._____controls the fuel oil temperature in order to provide oil at the correct viscosity for combustion.A. The pressure switchB. The temperature controllerC. The flow meterD. The viscosity regulator13. A___ ensures a constant pressure at the fuel line.A. transfer pumpB. control air bottleC. pressure regulating valveD. non returning valve14. Oil control rings used in two-stroke cycle diesel engines are located near the bottom of the pistonskirt in order to____.A. increase the liner area covered by the oil filmB. maintain an oil film on the lower liner where scuffing is prevalentC. keep excess oil away from intake and export portsD. help cushion piston skirt side thrust by providing a hydrodynamic oil wedge15. Under normal conditions, the main source of crankcase oil contamination is attributed to____. A. metal particles loosened by wear B. air when air cleaners are not usedC. condensation of water vaporsD. breakdown of the lubricating oil by dilution16. The most common cause of lowering the crankcase lube oil flash point is____.A. with a higher pressureB. at a lower pressureC. no more pressureD. in a greater pressure17. In a diesel engine closed freshwater cooling system, the amount of coolant flowing through the heat exchanger is controlled by the____.A. suction pressure regulatorB. thermostatic bypass valveC. sea water temperatureD. water level in the expansion valve18. V ents are led from the engine to ___ for the release of air from the cooling water.A. the cooling jacketsB. the head tankC. the cooling water pumpD. the scavenging box19. On opposite ends of a single shaft of a turbocharger are a gas driven____ and a air compressor, which are sealed each other.A. charge air receiverB. scavenging air beltC. turbineD. air cooler20. The supercharger takes air out of the surrounding atmosphere and then feeds it to the engine’s____.A. inlet valvesB. exhaust valvesC. emergency valvesD. non-return valves21. Each cylinder has one starting valve which is usually opened by air pressure and closed by___.A. nuts and boltsB. new jointsC. spring forceD. sealing rings22. When ____ is operated, a supply of pilot air enables the remote valve to open.A. the distributorB. the air start leverC. the turning gearD. the cylinder air start valve23. A device which functions to bring a diesel engine to a full stop to protect it from damage is known is ____.A. torque limiterB. over-speed tripC. over-speed governorD. load limit governor24. When the rev/min increases, the governor weights move___, causing subsequent motions.A. inwardsB. out wardsC. upwardsD. downwards25. The purpose of an after-cooler is to___.A. reduce the turbocharger operating temperatureB. increase the pressure of the inlet airC. increase the density of the inlet airD. reduce the blower operating temperature1.2.3船舶运行中柴油机的管理26. Thermocouple pyrometers are used on large, main propulsion diesel engines to indicate the temperature of the_____.A. cooling water leaving each cylinderB. fuel oil entering the injectorC. exhaust gases at various locationsD. lube oil at the bearing supplies27. A diesel engine crankcase ventilation system____.A. prevent spark generationB. removes combustible gasesC. determines the level of combustible gasesD. provides inert gas generation in crankcase1.3船舶推进装置1.3.1 船舶推进装置的传动方式28.____ is used to prevent the entry of sea water to the machinery space.A. A special sealing glandB. PropellerC. TailshaftD. Sterntube bearing2船舶辅助机械（30’）2.1 船用锅炉2.1.1 船用锅炉的类型29. In a ___ boiler the water flows through the inside of the tubes while the hot gases pass around the outside.A. water-tubeB. fire-tubeC. exhaust gasD. none of the above2.1.2 船用锅炉的结构特点30. Soot blowers should be used in proper sequence so that____.A. excess stresses will not be set up in the boilerB. the decks will not be covered with sootC. the soot will be swept toward the uptakesD. there will not be a loss of steam pressure2.1.3 船用锅炉的运行管理31. The boiler feed pump discharge pressure is higher than the steam drum pressure to___.A. ensure feed water flow into the boilerB. keep the steam drum pressure highC. prevent the water hammer in the feed lineD. help the feed water flash to steam2.1.4 船用锅炉的故障分析和排除32. A feed pump for an auxiliary boiler might lose suction if the ____.A. boiler water level is lowB. feedwater is too hotC. boiler steam demand is lowD. feedwater is too cold33. Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can from a(an)___.A. incorrect electrode settingB. incorrect nozzle positionC. clogged fuel nozzleD. broken high tension lead2.2 船用泵2.1.1 船用泵的类型34. A vane pump belongs to ____ according to its working principle.A. reciprocating pumpB. positive displacement pumpC. centrifugal pumpD. centripetal pump2.1.2 常见船用泵的工作原理和结构特点35. The amount of fluid delivered by a gear pump can be regulated by_____.A. throttling the pressure lineB. changing the speed of the rotorC. Either A or BD. None of the above is true2.2.3 船舶通用泵系的布置原则和特点36. Which of the valve \s listed will be cycled from the fully open to fully close when the handle is turned 90 degree?A. A rising stem gate valveB. A globe stop valveC. A check valveD. A butterfly valve2.2.4 常见船用泵的运行管理和故障排除37. A spur gear pump should be operated with the discharge valve____.A. slightly openedB. throttledC. fully openedD. halfway opened38. Pitting in the suction areas of a centrifugal pump bronze impeller is usually caused by___.A. cavitationB. electrolysisC. abrasionD. corrosion2.3 船舶制冷和空调装置2.3.1 制冷原理和制冷循环39. Refrigerant entering the compressor of a refrigeration system should be in which of the following conditions?A. Sub-cooled liquidB. Sub-cooled vaporC. Superheated vaporD. Liquid2.3.2 船用空调系统的组成及主要设备40. The process of removing moisture from air is known as___.A. humidificationB. dehumidificationC. vaporizationD. evaporation2.3.3 船舶空调装置运行管理41. As the amount of moisture in the air increases, the difference between the dry bulb and the wet bulb temperature will ____.A. increaseB. decreaseC. remain unchangedD. be greatest at dew point2.4 船舶防污染设备2.4.1 油水分离器的工作原理及运行管理42. Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships don’t discharge oil when pumping out____.A. ballast waterB. boiler waterC. bilge waterD. sewage water43. Where an excessive level of contamination is detected an alarm is sounded and diverting valves are operated. The discharging liquid is then passed to____.A. overboardB. a bilge wellC. a slop tankD. a hot well2.4.2 焚烧炉的工作原理及运行管理44. Which of the following would not be burnt in an incinerator on board?A. waste oilB. waste clothesC. oil ragsD. waste food45. The solid waste was charged into the incinerator through_____.A. the solid waste dump chuteB. an access doorC. the same way for waste oil burnersD. a charging opening2.4.3 生活污水处理装置的工作原理及运行管理46. When anaerobic bacteria convert the sewage to an inert sludge, ____.A. no oxygen is neededB. oxygen is necessaryC. oxygen is given offD. no gas is produced2.5 分油机、空压机和海水淡化装置2.5.1 分油机的工作原理及运行管理47. For a purifier, changing to a gravity disc with larger hole diameter will move the interface towards the _____.A. bowel peripheryB. bowel centerC. upper surfaceD. lower surface48. When finish working on the separator you should ____ firstly.A. cut off the powerB. cut off the oil inletC. open guide water valveD. close oil outlet valve49. Sediment collects in a tubular purifier____.A. on the top coverB. on the discsC. in drain line on the discD. on sides of bowl2.5.2 空压机的原理及运行管理50. Compressed air is supplied by air compressors to____.A. the air receiversB. the starting valvesC. the cylinder coversD. the distributors2.5.3 海水淡化原理51. The advantages of flash type evaporators, as compared to submerged tube type evaporators, include_____.A. less internal corrosion because of lower brine densityB. higher temperature evaporation for lower salinity of the distillate producedC. less scale formation in a flash evaporatorD. less feed-water required for a flash evaporator52. A salinity indictor is used to determine the ____.A. cause of salt contaminationB. location of salt water contaminationC. chemical makeup of feed-waterD. level of alkalinity in condensate2.6 船舶甲板机械2.6.1 液压泵、控制阀件和油马达的机构特点53. _____ can be used to prevent hydraulic system overload or keep the pressure of oil outlet from pump constant.A. Overflow valveB. Reducing valveC. Balancing valveD. Reducing valve or balancing valve54. Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following is used to convert hydraulic energy into continuous rotary motion?A. Hydraulic pumpB. V alveC. Hydraulic cylinderD. Hydraulic motor2.6.2 起货机的机构特点及其故障分析和排除55. The oil in a cargo winch gear box should be sampled periodically to____.A. prevent the gear box from leakingB. prevent the oil from becoming inflammableC. make sure it has not become contaminatedD. make sure the motor bearings are lubricated2.6.3 锚机的结构特点及其故障分析和排除56.____are used to handle anchors and chains.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassD. Cargo hatches2.6.4 绞缆机的结构特点及其故障分析和排除57. Winch gears must be maintained in proper alignment to prevent____.A. overheating of the lube oilB. over speeding of the motorC. wear on the braking systemD. damage to the teeth2.6.5 液压系统的管理58. Before doing any work on the hydraulic system equipped with accumulators, you should____.A. drain any accumulators and purge with oxygenB. bleed off all stored energy from the accumulators completelyC. charge the accumulators to prevent the system energy lossD. pump the hydraulic fluid into the accumulators to prevent fluid loss.59. Hydraulic machinery failures are commonly caused by contamination of the hydraulic fluid and___.A. fluid frictionB. fluid turbulenceC. component misalignmentD. pressure surges3 船舶电气(12’)3.1 船用发电机3.1.1 船用发电机结构特点60. In an alternating current electrical system, a low system power factor is a direct sign of ____.A. wasted energyB. efficiency operationC. a short in the exciter field windingsD. an excessive number of minor system grounds61. With a purely ____ load the voltage and current are in phase, giving a power factor of one.A. inductiveB. resistanceC. combinedD. capacitate3.1.2 船用发电机的并车和解列62. If two A.C. generators are to be operated in parallel, the load is distributed evenly by ____.A. means of rheostatB. a balance coilC. adjusting the governor settingsD. changing excitation63. The operation of ___ two alternators requires the voltages to be equal and also in phase.A. parallelingB. series-mountingC. runningD. control3.1.3 船用发电机的故障分析和排除64. Accidental grounds in a shipboard electrical system must be repaired as soon as possible as they will___.A. result in immediate power outagesB. damage circuit breakerC. appear on the ground detection systemD. damage insulation and may cause outages3.2 船用配电板的分类及组成、应急配电板、配电箱65. ____ is not a part of the main switchboard on board.A. BusbarB. Load panel of main generatorC. Paralleling panelD. Shore connecting box66. Usually, emergency electricity supplies to____ on board.A. cargo winchesB. windlassC. steering gearD. main air compressor67. Shore power must be ___ during dock repair.A. disconnectedB. switched offC. cut offD. connected3.3 船舶电气设备3.1.1 船舶电气设备概况68. An ohmmeter can be used to measure____.A. current flow in a circuitB. voltage between two points in a circuitC. circuit continuityD. power3.2.2 电气控制设备69.Electrical circuits are protected against overheating by means of a(an)____.A. circuit breakerB. amplifierC. diodeD. capacitor3.2.3 电气设备的运行管理70.Sparking at the brushes of a running motor could be an indication of ___.A. normal operationB. dirty commutatorC. increased brush capacityD. water vapor absorption71. All of the following operating characteristics are listed on the name plates of the motors used on board ship except the ___.A. temperature riseB. horsepowerC. input kilowattsD. operating voltage4 船舶轮机管理4.1操作规程4.1.1 备车72. One hour before sailing, the duty engineer and officer should check____.A. tachometer and engine telegraphB. oil and water reservesC. clock and engine telegraph and test the rudderD. crews4.1.2 巡回检查73. Which of the following item is the cause to the damage of parts and excess wearing?A. overloadB. the odds of the loadC. the default of loadD. overload and the odds of the load4.1.3 完车74. After “finished with engine”, which of the following cannot be shut off by the duty engineer?A. Fuel oil booster pumpB. The main starting valveC. The sea chestD. The main cooling sea water pump4.2 安全管理知识4.2.1 轮机部操作安全注意事项75. To avoid excessive surge pressure when bunkering, you should ____.A. bunker at normal rateB. check for kicks in hoseC. close valves slowlyD. shut valves before topping off4.2.2. 船舶防火防爆的措施及守则76. The most likely place for a fire to start trough the process of spontaneous combustion is in __.A. an electrical switchboardB. the pressure tanksC. the fuel oil tanksD. the oily rag bin4.2.3 机舱应急设备的使用及管理77. If the overflow tank high-level alarm sounds while the fuel oil tanks are being topped off, the engineer should____.A. close the static leg filling valveB. close the overflow tank filling valveC. reduce the fuel oil pumping rateD. stop the fuel oil pumping operation78. As a duty engineer, as soon as you hear the fire and emergency signal, you should ensure that___.A. ring buoys are thrown overboardB. engines are stoppedC. fire pump are startedD. life preserver have been issued to everyone79. Following agrounding, you can best determine that a SLACK fuel oil tank has been holed by ____.A. sounding the tankB. waiting for the vessel to listC. examining tank boundariesD. checking fuel oil strainers4.2.4 船员个人安全知识80. Which one might be used most likely in case of a fire?A. Life jacketB. SCBAC. LifeboatD. Torch4.3 油、物料和备件的管理81. The flash point of a petroleum product is an indication of its____.A. viscosityB. pour pointC. volatilityD. lower explosive limit4.4 船舶修理和检验4.4.1 修理的类别82. ______, where minor repairs are carried out with a ship in service, often during a stay in port. This may be remote from a ship repair site.A. V oyage repairB. Routine dockingC. Damage repairD. Concersion4.4.2. 轮机坞修工程83. When a ship in the dock repairing, engine department should emphasize on the inspection of ____.A. sea valve chest, sea valve, thrusterB. steering and shafting systemC. sea water systemD. fresh water system4.4.3 船舶检验的类别与作用84. The additional mark____ in the Classification Certificate for Machinery means propulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigation bridge control station, and engine assembly control station is unmanned periodically.A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-14.5 防污染管理及PSC检查4.5.1 油类记录薄与IOPP证书85. If an incorrect entry were made in the Oil Record Book, you should_____.A. erase the entry and rewrite itB. notify the ship’s officer- in-chargeC. completely black it out and make the correct entry alongsideD. draw a single line through the wrong entry and initial it.86. The valid period of the IOPP on board isn’t more than ____.A. one yearB. two yearsC. four yearsD. five years4.5.2 PSC检查中的明显理由与更详细检查87.If____, the PSCO should proceed to a more detailed inspection.A. the PSCO’s general impression confirm a good standard of maintenanceB. the certificates are validC. the SCO believes the ship doesn’t meet the requirementsD. the PSCO can’t find deficiencies at first glance5 国际公约与规则(13’)5.1 STCW公约5.1.1 STCW78/95公约中有关轮机值班的基本原则88. STCW78/95 states that the officer in charge of the engineering watch is the _____ representative.A. ship-owner’sB. master’sC. chief engineer’sD. manager’s89. At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer officer shall consult with the master whether or not to _____.A. do engine repair workB. clean sear water filterC. maintain an underway watchD. take bunkering5.1.2 轮机员的基本职责和道德90. Who is in the charge of the auxiliary boiler?A. The chief engineerB. The second engineerC. The third engineerD. The fourth5.1.3 驾机联系制度91. The bridge should the engine room ___ before passing through congested o shallow waterway.A. 24 hoursB. 2 hoursC. 1 hourD. 15 minutes5.2 MARPOL73/78公约5.2.1 MARPOL73/78公约中有关含油污水的排放规则92. While loading bunkers, you notice oil on the water near the vessel,. What should you do first?A. Stop loadingB. Notify the harbor administrationC. Determine if the vessel is the source of the pollutionD. Start the main engine and put them in gear to disperse the spill93. If an oil spill occurs on deck, you should_____.A. cover the area with foamB. cover the area with absorbent materialC. wash down immediately with a fire hoseD. wash down immediately with an oil dispersing solvent.94. To receive oil residues from the purification of fuel and lubricating oils in the machinery spaces, what kind of tanks should be provided on board?A. Bilge tankB. Sludge tankC. Overflow tankD. Oil collecting tank5.2.2 有关国家、港口的防污染规则95. Disposal of all kinds of garbage but_____ is prohibited within Special Area.A. plasticsB. comminuted or ground papers, rag , glass, metal etc.C. food waste comminuted or groundD. incinerator ash96. When the garbage is mixing with some discharges having different disposal or dischargerequirements, ____ shall apply.A. any requirement appointed by the PSC officerB. the most suitable requirementC. the most stringent requirementD. no requirement5.3 SOLAS 公约5.3.1 SOLAS 公约的基本精神和基本原则97. The SOLAS Convention is the main international convention____.A. about marine pollution preventionB. covering safety of lifeC. about marineD. about ship and port security5.4 ISM、ISPS等规则和公约5.4.1 ISM 规则简介98. In the ISM Code, “company” doesn’t mean___.A. the ship ownerB. the manager or bareboat chartererC. a person assuming the responsibility for ship operationD. a business enterprise dealing with freight5.4.2 ISPS 规则简介99. _____ shall set security levels and provide guidance for protection from security incidents.A. The Contracting GovernmentsB. The Port AuthoritiesC. The masterD. The Company Security Officer5.4.3 其他最新公约和规则100. According to Maritime Labour Convention, 2006, the maximum hours of work shall not exceed__.A. 14 hours in any 24-hour periodB. 72 hours in any seven-day periodC. 10 hours in any 24-hour periodD. 88 hours in any seven-day period。
轮机英语书后题整理
15．In a two-stroke engine, the piston consists of a lower part, which is named as _______ and usually made of _______, and a upper part, which is referred to as _______ and made of _______.A. low-half, cast iron; top-half, heat-resistant steelB. low-half, aluminum; top-half, stainless steelC. piston skirt; cast iron; piston crown; heat-resistant steelD. piston skirt; aluminum; piston crown; stainless steel答案C二冲程柴油机的活塞包含有两部分，下半部分称为活塞裙，通常由铸铁制成；上半部分称为活塞头，通常由耐热钢制成。
18．In order to improve the working conditions of the crosshead bearings, the bearing pressure is made _______ and the peripheral speed is made _______ in later designs.A. smaller, higherB. higher, smallerC. smaller, smallerD. higher, higher答案A为了改善十字头轴承的工作环境，在后来的一些设计里，轴承压力被做的更小，而边缘速度更高（有利于油膜的分布）。
21．A full-flow 50um filter is installed ________, so the injection system components on the main engine are safeguarded.A. as close to the main engine as possibleB. as close to the main pump as possibleC. just before the fuel valveD. just before the booster pump答案A一个完全流通的过滤精度为50微米的滤器被设置在尽可能靠近主机的地方，从而保护了喷油系统的部件（不受燃油中杂质的伤害）。
轮机英语综合题库
章节训练篇Lesson 1 Ships and MachineryI. Translate the following phrases into Chinese:1. naval architect2. marine engineer3. longitudinal bulkhead4. transverse bulkhead5. container vessel6. roll on and roll off7. bulk carrier 8. crude carrier9. passenger ship 10. displacement11. light weight 12. deadweight13. metric ton 14. long tonII. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:1. Some overlap in responsibilities occurs between naval architects and marine engineers in areas such as propeller design, the reduction of noise and vibration in the ship’s structure, and engineering services provided to considerable areas of the ship.2. Depending on the nature of their cargo, and sometimes also the way the cargo is loaded/unloaded, ships can be divided into different categories, classes, and types, some of which are mentioned in Table 1.3. Displacement comprises the ship’s light weight and its deadweight, where the deadweight is equal to the ship’s loaded capacity, including bunkers and other supplies necessary for the ship’s propulsion.4. The three layouts involve the use of direct-coupled slow-speed diesel engines, medium-speed diesels with a gearbox, and the steam turbine with a gearbox drive to the propeller.III. Multiple Choices:1. _____ can be found on most medium to large merchant vessels even if the main engine is eithera steam turbine or 2-stroke crosshead engine.A. The medium speed 4-stroke trunk piston engineB. The low speed 2-stroke crosshead engineC. The medium speed 2-stroke crosshead engineD. The low speed 4-stroke trunk piston engine答案A 中速四冲程筒状活塞式柴油机可见于大多数的中型和大型商船，即使其主机是蒸汽透平或是二冲程十字头式柴油机。
《轮机英语》试题（二三管轮）含答案
《轮机英语》试题（二三管轮）含答案《轮机英语》考试复习题(二、三管轮)第一章船舶动力装置1.“Before disconnecting the oil pipe, would you flush the oil retained in the pipe?”asked the oil barge owner.A． by using of fresh waterB．with compressed air √C． by using of sea waterD． with chemical compound2.“Stand by an engine” means _____.A．“prepare to stop the engine”B．“assemble an engine on its bedplate”C．“make an engine ready for starting”√D．“dismantle an engine”3. A _____ is the foundation of the engine, without the support of which the shaft alignmentin particular, and engine structure as a whole, would inevitably be lost.A． FrameB．Bedplate √C． CylinderD． Liner4._____ are commonly used in mechanical-hydraulic governor to sense engine speeds.A． BulbsB． BulksC．Flyweights √D． Flywheels5._____ are generally formed in the frame of the both in-line and Vee engines to givemaintenance access to the crankshaft main and connecting rod large end bearing.A．Doors √B． Aspirate gauzerC． CouplingD． Blind6._____ device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to the cylinderbefore the reversing is completed.A．An automatic √B． A transmissionC． A self-regulatingD． An interlocking7._____ fuel oils _____ lubricating oils require treatment before passing to the engine.A．Both/and √B． Neither/norD． Both/or8._____ is sometimes used for piston cooling since leaks into the crankcase would not causeproblems.A． Diesel oilB． Hydraulic oilC．Lube oil √D． Mineral oil9._____ is the removal of exhaust gases by blowing in fresh air.A． Gas exchangeB． ChargingC．Scavenging √D． Supercharging10._____ is used for cylinder and cylinder head, the salt water is used for cooling thelubricating oil, the fresh water in the coolers and the charging air in the air cooler.A． The fuel oilB． The lube oilC． The sea waterD．The fresh water √11._____ may be the first possible cause which makes the engine to lose power or slow downwhen it is running.A．Hot bearing √B． Starting valvesC． Unequal distribution of loadD． Excessive crankshaft clearance12._____ of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of crank websfor each unit of the engine.A．Misalignment √B． LengthC． StrengthD． Stresses13._____ of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called the scavenging air box.A．At the top √B． At the bottomC． In the topD． In the bottom14._____ pistons have low inertia and high coefficient of thermal expansion.A． Cast ironB． Cast steelD．Aluminum √15._____ should not undertake any task which will interfere with the supervision dutiesrelating to the main machinery and associated equipment.A．The watch keeping personnel √B． The chief engineerC． The person on a bunker bargeD． Any of the above16._____ the cylinder will contain a great weight of air and will be capable of burninga great quantity of fuel.A．At the beginning of the compression stroke √B． At the beginning of the suction strokeC． At the end of the working strokeD． At the end of the exhaust stroke17._____ the supercharge pressure is, _____ power an engine develops.A．The higher/the more √B． Higher/moreC． Higher/littleD． The higher/the less18._____ is not properly set thus causing either advanced or retarded firing.A． A pistonB．A fuel injection pump √C． A feed water pumpD． A lube oil pump19._____ rods are not in proper condition so that too much fuel is supplied to thecorresponding cylinder.A． PistonB． SoundingC．Regulating √D． Connecting20._____ shows 1.2 meter and the specific gravity of the oil is 0.96According to the measuringscale, that makes 150 tons.A． The piston rodB． The push rodC．The sounding rod √D． The connecting rod21._____ allows for expansion and water make up in the water cooling system.A． A top tankB．A head tank √D． A drain tank22._____ at the end of the distribution pipe ensures that adequate pressure is maintainedby the pump.A． A relief valveB．An alarm √C． A pressure gaugeD． A non-maim valve23._____ is used for washing and drinking.A． The ballast systemB． The salt water systemC． The bilge systemD．The domestic system √24._____ provide the water to the pistons.A． Pneumatic pipesB． Hydraulic pipesC．Telescopic pipes √D． Operating gas pipes25._____ are fitted in the exhaust system and facilitate charge removal and scavenging ineach cylinder.A．Diffusers √B． CompressorsC． Steam boilersD． Soot blowers26._____ are formed by abrasive particles entering the bearing and scoring the shaft.A．Grooves √B． RecessesC． RidgesD． Nips27._____ are mounted on and bolted to the bed-plate cross girders.A． The crankshaftB． The crankcaseC． The guide-waysD．The frames √28._____ is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operatingconditions.A．Constant inspection √B． Keeping constant loadC． Remaining constant temperatureD． varying speed29._____ is a source of power by which the diesel engine may operate.A． Water energyB． Electrical energyC． Chemical energyD．Heat energy √30._____ is arranged for cleaning the lubricating oil in the system and clean oil can beprovided from a storage tank.A． A filterB．A centrifuge √C． A distillerD． A generator31._____ is fully floating in both connecting rod small end and the piston skirt.A． The piston rodB． The cross head pinC．The gudgeon pin √D． The crank-pin32._____ is made of a boss with separated blades mounted into it.A．A variable pitch propeller √B． A variable pitch nutC． A fixed pitch parallelD． A fixed pitch screw33._____ is usually driven by the engine camshaft andsupplies pilot air to the cylinderair start valve.A． An air receiverB． An operating valveC． An automatic valveD．An air distributor √34._____ neutralizes the acid conditions and_____ cleanses the rings and grooves.A． The detergency/the alkalinityB．The alkalinity/the detergency √C． The inhabitant/the waterD． The additives/the distilled water35._____ or air venting arrangement is fitted to the fuel supply passage.A． An air pumpB． A compressorC． A fuel pumpD．A priming √36._____ providing lubricating films, oil used in marine diesel engines have to remove heatfrom oil cooled piston.A． Except forB． BesideC． ExceptD． In additi on to √37._____ the engines, the diesel engine is_____ used engine on board.A． Between/more commonlyB．Among/the most commonly √C． Between/not more commonlyD． Among/not the most commonly38._____ water is more expensive than fresh waterIt has high specific heat and low viscosity.A．Distilled √B． DistillingC． BoilingD． Boiled39._____ for the camshaft gear train is taken from a spur gear which for a six cylinderengine is at the coupling end.A． The driven gearB．The drive √C． The greaseD． The lubricating oil40._____ in what position the engine stops there will always be at least one of the cylinderswith its starting air valve open to admit compressed air to start the engine.A． BecauseB． Owing toC． ForD．No matter √41._____ is secured by means of side-chock bolts and end-chock bolts.A．The bedplate √B． The columnC． The main bearingD． The double bottom42._____ usually helps to induce air movement to assist combustion.A． Cylinder coverB． Main bearingC． The exhaust valveD． The p iston movement √43._____ may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergency switchboards.A．Large passenger vessels √B． General cargo shipsC． Container shipsD． Oil tankers44._____ supplies pilot air to control the cylinder air start valves.A． An air compressorB． An indicator cockC．An air distributor √D． A safety valve45._____ clearances in the main or crank pin bearings will sometimes be indicated by lossof pressure in the lubricating system before any bearing knock is heard.A． T oo largerB． Too smallerC． ExcessD．Excessive √46.A cast steel strong back is fitted in way of the combustion space to help absorb _____.A． flame temperatureB． fuel oilC． air movementD．gas forces √47.A charge of fresh air is drawn into the engine cylinder and then _____ by the movingpiston_____ very high pressure.A． pressed/toB． pressurized/withC． pushed/inD．compressed/to √48.A common trouble with the fuel pump plunger or fuel valve spindle is _____.A． water leakageB． steam leakageC．oil leakage √D． air leakage49.A common trouble with the fuel pump plungers or fuel valve spindle is _____.A． broken downB． stuckC．oil leakage √D． carbonized50.A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no _____.A． cross-headB． cylinderC． connecting rodD．spark plug √51.A diesel engines crankcase oil level is found to be too highYou should suspect that _____.A． the engine was over filledB． there might be a fuel leakC． there might be a water leakD． all of the above √52.A distance piece, known as a _____ may be interposed between the rod and the bearinghousing.A． bearing shellB． bearing linerC．compression plate √D． lead wire53.A distance piece, with ground faces, known as a compression plate, may be interposedbetween the rod and the beating housing, its thickness being chosen to ensure the correct _____.A． compression pressureB． compression testC．compression ratio √D． compression clearance54.A distance piece, with ground faces, may be interposed between the rod and the bearinghousing, its thickness being chosen to ensure the correct _____.A． expansion ratioB． pressure ratioC．compression ratio √D． clearance ratio55.A governor automatically controls engine speed by regulating _____.A． fuel s upply √B． firing orderC． engine loadD． oil level56.A gudgeon pin in a trunk piston may be free to float and rotate, with _____ to limitaxial movement.A． split pinsB． crankpinsC． dipsticksD．circlips √57.A heater in the circuit facilitates warning of the engine prior to ____ by circulatinghot water.A．starting √B． stoppingC． to startD． to stop58.A high temperature alarm or _____ which will melt is used to guard against the explosionof compressor air pipelines.A． a flame trapB． a relief valveC．a fusible plug √D． a bursting cap59.A hot air start pipe indicates that there is _____.A． inefficient coolingB．a leaking air start valve √C． a clogged drain valveD． a leaking air bottle60.A level gauge for a tank is to _____.A． give the pressureB．give the contents √C． give the shape of the tankD． give the accuracy level61.A lubricant often has to perform many duties in any situation, in addition to itsfundamental job of_____.A． resisting oxidizationB．reducing friction √C． promoting moving speedD． developing inertia62.A main bearing consists of two shells which are secured by means of studs and _____.A． tie rodsB． through boltsC． lead wiresD．bearing caps √63.A number of cylinder liners are enclosed in one cast iron casing to form a _____.A． cylinder coverB．cylinder block √C． cylinder frameD． bed-plate64.A reduction in load on a diesel engine results in _____ of speed of the crankshaft.A． a reductionB．an increase √C． an outingD． a downwards65.A separate piston cooling system is used _____ any contamination from piston coolingglands to the piston cooling system only.A． to helpB．to limit √C． to protectD． to remove66.A separate piston cooling system is used to limit any contamination _____ piston coolingglands_____ the piston cooling system only.A． between, toB． either, orC．from, to √D． neither, nor67.A single piece_____ fitted with bronze rings guides the piston in the cylinder liner.A．piston skirt √B． piston crownC． guide wayD． cross-head68.A variable pitch propeller is made _____ a boss with separate blades mounted into it.A． ofB．up of √C． fromD． out69.A: Please tell me the specifications and quantityB: _____.A． Pump diesel oil firstB．300 tons of 180 cst fuel oil √C． The figure is all rightD．OK, I’ll sign it70.About half an hour before the engine is required, cooling water at _____ must be circulated.A． more than the working temperatureB． less than the working temperatureC．the working temperature √D． the same as the surrounding temperature71.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging canbe divided into two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and _____.A． the pulse-phase systemB． the pulse Doppler systemC．the pulse system √D． the pulse interval72.Acid solution in the system can be tested from time to time by putting some on to a pieceof lime.A．strength √B． denseC． percentageD． velocity73.Additives _____ protective layers on metal surfaces guarding them against corrosion.A． damageB．form √C． dissolveD． contaminate74.Adjust _____ by means of lead wire.A．the clearance of the main bearing √B． the diameter of main bearingC． the gap of main beatingD． the tolerance of main bearing75.Administrations should bear in mind the significance of_____ in maintaining safety oflife and property at sea and in preventing marine pollution.A． advanced nautical equipmentB． advanced performance main enginesC． emergency equipmentD． communicati on and language skills √76.A-frames and cylinder block is held together by _____ to form a rigid structure.A． connecting rodsB． piston rodsC．tie rods √D． jack-bolts77.A-frames are mounted on the bed plate and support _____ and cylinder block.A． the main bearingB． the cylinder coverC．the entablature √D． the sump78.After "F.W.E." is given, the air system is shut down, the _____ gear put in, all drainsand indicator cocks opened, and the cooling water kept running.A． steeringB． timingC．turning √D． running79.After ensuring that the _____ is correct the bearing clearance should be checked.A． napB． gapC．nip √D． deflection80.After fitting back in place the gear wheels, dont forget _____ them.A．to grease √B． greasingC． oilingD． lubricating81.After passing through the turbine the exhaust gas is conducted out into the _____.A． intercoolerB． compressorC． cylinderD．open air √82.After the engine is warned, we should_____ the turning gear before starting up the engine.A． take inB． put inC．take out √D． put up83.After the order “_____” is given, the air system is shut down, the turning gear putin.A．Finished with Engine √B． Stop the EngineC． Stand-by EngineD． Slow-down Engine84.Air cocks, usually positioned at the _____ in a circulating system, is used to get ridof the air in the system.A． bending jointB． expansion tankC． weldD．the highest point √85.All the rings are slightly rounded on their external top and bottom edges to keep theoil film on the cylinder liner during _____ for new piston rings.A． the running-in period √B． the running processC． gas exchange processD． the boiler firing86.All three systems have the ports _____ to swirl the incoming air and direct it in theappropriate path.A． angledB． roundedC． being angledD．being rounded √87.Although the crankshafts of medium diesel engines appear to be robust, they rely on thesupport of _____ to develop their full strength.A． the piston rodsB． the crank throwsC． the thrust bearingsD． the main bear ings √88.Aluminum pistons have _____ coefficient of thermal expansion compared with those of castiron.A．higher √B． lowerC． the sameD． none of the above89.Among the rings of a piston the _____ one is subjected to the greatest load and temperature.A． bottomB． middleC．top √D． none of the above90.An aluminum piston has lower inertia and higher coefficient of _____ compared to thatof cast iron.A． viscosityB． twisting momentsC． inertiaD．thermal expansion √91.An electrically driven automatically operating auxiliary blower is provided for slowspeed and _____ of a low speed diesel engine.A．manoeuvring operations √B． bad combustionC． coolingD． mooring trial92.An increase in load on a diesel engine results in _____ of speed of the crankshaft.A．a reduction √B． an increaseC． an outingD． a downwards93.An interlock in the remote operating valve line stops the valve _____ when the engineturning gear is engaged.A． to openB．opening √C． openD． opened94.An overspeed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for _____ in the eventof overspeed.A．cutting power off the engine √B． increasing the fuel pump settingC． braking the crankshaftD． stabilizing the ship speed95.As a heat engine, _____ energy is the source of power by which the diesel engine canbe operated.A． electricB．heat √C． mechanicalD． exhaust96.As for a diesel engine, lack of combustion air may be due to _____.A．fouling turbine √B． fuel pump faultsC． lubrication failureD． excessive cooling97.As the plunger moves up, the ports are closed and the fuel _____ and delivered to theinjector nozzle at very high pressure.A． being compressedB． to be pumped upC．is pressurized √D． are built up98.At least _____ cylinders in four-stroke engine will be configured to ensure that theengine can be started with the crankshaft at whatever position.A．6 √B． 2C． 12D． 899.At the top of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called _____.A． cylinder linerB． cylinder coverC． the gear boxD． the sc avenging box √100.Be sure to make the engine turn by _____ before starting and after stopping.A． steering gearB．turning gear √C． steering wheelD． turning cycle101.Bearing knocks are likely to occur from _____.A． less clearanceB． dirty lube oilC． overloadD．bearing wear √102.Because the castings of smaller engines are not so big and heavy, _____ and cylinder block may be made in one piece.A．the column √B． the jacketC． cylinder coverD． cylinder liner103.Bedplates are the _____ of the engine, without the support of which the shaft alignment in particular, and engine structure as a whole, would inevitably be lost.A． hullB． projectionC． graphitizationD．foundation √104.Before "stand-by" is rung on the engine telegraph, it is usual to give the main engine _____ ahead and astern.A． a brief trial with turning gearB．a brief trial on power √C． a long trial by steering gearD． one minutes trial with windlass105.Before a marine diesel engine is started the cylinders and pistons must be _____.A． cooled to appropriate temperatureB．warmed up gradually to appropriate temperature √C． opened up and renewedD． ground and polished106.Before being used the fuel service tank should be drained of _____.A． soda solutionB． mechanical impuritiesC． ballastD．water and residuals √107.Before pumping up the crankcase oil, _____ should be worked by hand to minimize corrosive action on the liners.B． the starting valvesC．the cylinder lubricators √D． the turning gear108.Before replacing a piston you should check that all rings are _____.A．free √B． fastenedC． brokenD． stuck109.Before replacing a piston you should check the rings to see that all clearances and gaps are _____ the permissible tolerances.A． aboveB． atC． overD．within √110.Before replacing a piston you should check the rings to see that all clearances and gaps are within the permissible _____.A． deflectionB． discrepancyC． errorD．tolerance √111.Before starting the engine the air bottle should be _____.A．pumped up √B． loadedC． dischargedD． opened112.Before starting the turning gear, _____ should be worked by hand to minimize corrosive action on the liners.B． the starting valvesC．the cylinder lubricators √D． the turning gear113.Blow-off of the relief valves of the engines cylinders may be caused by _____.A． too low leadB． water in fuelC． too tight springD．leakage √114.Blow-off of the relief valves of the main cylinders during operation indicates _____.A． the cylinder cover is crackedB． the injector holes is cloggedC．the cams are not properly set √D． fuel pump is leaking115.Bridge gauge can be used to measure _____ of a diesel engine.A．diameters of journals √B． deflections of crankwebsC． diameters of crankpinsD． none of the above116.Care and cleanliness are required when installing diesel fuel filters _____.A． to prevent the fuel system from becoming air-houndB． to prevent the fuel system becoming clogged with dirty particlesC． both of the abo ve √D．to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking out of the filter element117.Cast iron carrier rings, _____ machined grooves, are provided for all the pistons.A．caulked into √B． caulking intoC． pressed intoD． screwed into118.Charging is the filling of the engine cylinder with a supply of _____ for compression.A． waterB．fresh air √C． fuel oilD． gas119.Charging is the filling of the engine cylinder with a supply or charge of fresh air _____ compression.A． to needB．ready for √C． want toD． going to be120.Charging-air pressure increases if there is incorrect combustion and drop in the _____ of the diesel engine.A． machine efficiencyB． machinery efficiencyC．mechanical efficiency √D． mechanics efficiency/doc/5c7732040.html,pressed air is supplied by air compression to _____.A．the air receivers √B． the starting valvesC． the cylinder coversD． the distributors/doc/5c7732040.html,pressed air is used on board ship _____.A． for starting diesel enginesB． in pneumatic control systemC． in pneumatic toolsD．All the above are true √123.Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number of functions except for _____.A． good lubricationB． low thermal stressC． good mechanical propertiesD．acid corrosion √124.Cooling enables the engine metals _____ their mechanical properties.A．to retain √B． to remainC． to maintenanceD． to have125.Cooling of engine is achieved by circulation a cooling liquid around internal passages within the _____.A． boilerB． heaterC．engine √D． cooler126.Cooling of engines is achieved by _____ a cooling liquid around internal passages within the engine.A． flowedB． flowingC． mixingD．circulating √127.Cooling of engines is achieved by circulating a cooling liquid around internal _____ within the engine.A． air。
轮机英语测试卷
《轮机英语》测试卷（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为60分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B 铅笔涂黑。
第1题至100题，每题1分。
单项选择题：1. If an auxiliary diesel engine does not shut off, the trouble may beA. leaky fuel injectorsB. low firing pressureC. high firing pressureD. seizure of pistons2. If an auxiliary diesel engine stalls frequently , the main cause may be _____________.A. faulty ftiel injection equipmentB. excessive crankshaft clearanceC. an incorrectly assembled governor idle springD. high exhaust back pressure from one cylinder3. If the engine does not start on air, it may be due to _____________.A. low compression of the fuel pumpsB. incorrect timing of fuel pumpsC. the starting air valves stuckD. air-locks in fuel oil pipeline4. If the engine does start on air, but combustion does not immediately begin, the causemay be__________.A. failure of the fuel pumpsB. starting air pressure too lowC. stop valve in air line closedD. the turning gear still engaged5. In _____________ the incoming air is directed upwards, pushing the exhaust gases before itand then the exhaust gases travel down.A. loop scavengingB. cross scavengingC. uniflow scavengingD. supercharging6. In _____________ the incoming air passes over the piston crown then rises towards thecylinder head. The exhaust gases are forced before the air passing down and out ofexhaust parts located just above the inlet ports.A. loop scavengingB. cross scavengingC. uniflow scavengingD. supercharging7. In an oil cooler circulated by sea water, the oil is at a larger pressure, the result being thatany leak in the cooler will mean a loss of _____________.A. oilB. sea waterC. refrigerantD. fresh water8 .In an ordinary diesel engine the fuel injection begins _____________.A. after TDCB. before TDCC. after BDCD. before BDC9. On opposite ends of a single shaft of a turboblower are a gas driven _____________ and aair compressor, which are sealed each other.A. charge air receiverB. scavenging air beltC. turbineD. air cooler10. On the top of the cylinder is mounted the cylinder cover which is pressed onto _________of the cylinder liner by means of nuts and studs.A. the camshaftB. the flangeC. the ridgeD. the bulge11. Sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air boxes for a two-stroke diesel engine isachieved by means of _____________.A. the connecting rod stuffing boxesB. the rings in the stuffing boxesC. the sealing rings of pistonD. the scraper rings of piston12. Sediment collects in a tubular purifier _____________.A. on top coverB. on sides of bowlC. in drain line on the discsD. on the discs13. The _____________ chamber is enclosed between the cylinder head and piston.A. lubricationB. injectionC. coolingD. combustion14. The _____________ or balance tank collects the re-circulated fuel oil.A. bufferB. sumpC. bilgeD. overflowing15．The crank pin journal is provided with large bores for _____________.A. lubricationB. coolingC. balancing purposeD. ventilation16．The crank throws are displaced from _____________ to obtained the same number of degrees between the different crank throws.A. one anotherB. the otherC. each otherD. each others17．The crankshaft is of the semi built type, with the journal _____________ the forged or cast steel crank throws.A. shrunk intoB. expanded intoC. extended intoD. designated into18。
轮机英语评估问答题题与参考答案
PARTY Ⅰ英语评估口述题参考答案第一章公共用语1. the engine room(1) position of the engine room on board.(2) Types of marine machinery in the engine room.(3) Feature of marine machinery in the engine room.The engine room is the heart of a ship.Without it ,the ship cannot sail at sea.It is usually at the aft part of the ship.There are various kinds of machinery in it.The diesel engine for propulsion is called the main engine.Other various machines are called auxiliary machinery.These machines are required for steering ,cargo handling ,power generation and so on.Among these machines ,main engine is the power source of the ship .Others provide the service for the main engine .2. The engine department(1)Introduction of the importance of the engine department on board.(2)Introduction of personnel of the engine department .(3)Description of engine work in the engine department .The engine department on board is very important .Without it ,a ship cannot sail at sea nor do anything else .In the engine department ,there are engineer officers and engine room ratings .The Chief Engineer is the head of the engine department .The work in the engine department is related to machines and the equipment.It is to control machines and systems and to keep them in good order .3. Self-introduction (学生用)(1)Your education background(2)Your working experience.(3)Your family .My name is _____,I am____years old .I come from_____.Now I am a student of ____College .I major in marine engineering management .I will graduate from the college next year .I have received basic training for seamen ,such as survival at sea ,fire-fighting and first –aid .There are three people in my family ,my mother and myself. my father is a worker .my mother is a housewife .I love my family .4.Please say something about your job .(1)Your position on board(2)Your duties on board(3)Your experienceMy position on board is the third engineer .I keep wa tch from 12o’clock to 4 o’clock at night and in the afternoon .I am in charge of the generators ,main air compressor and other equipment on board .When on duty ,I have a lot of things to do .I should keep the machinery in good working order .So far ,I have worked as a third engineer for ____ year.And I have worked on various kinds of cargo ships ,(such as bulk carriers ,container ships ,general cargo ships ,tankers ,etc .)I love my job .I hope I can become a chief engineer in the future .5.Watch-keeping in the engine room .(1)The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch .(2)He has to keep everything in good order .(3)He is going to hand over shift .The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watchDifferent position has different shifts .For example ,the third engineer works from 0 to 4 in the morning and in the evening.He has to keep everything in good order .If anything goes wrong ,he has to deal with it or report it to the Chief Engineer .At the end of the watch ,he si going to hand over the watch .The second engineer will go on the next shift .6.Could you introduce yourself ?(船员用)(1)what’s your name ?(2)where did you graduate ?(3)what education degree do you have ?I glad to introduce myselfMy name is ____ ,I’m____years old .I graduated from ____college/university.I have a bachelor’s degree .I have worked on board for ____year. Now I’m a third/second engineer on board .I love my job .第二章机舱日常业务1.Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine.The difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine are mainly as follow: The diesel engine uses diesel oil as fuel but the gasoline engine uses gasoline. During the suction stroke, the diesel engine admits air only, but the gasoline engine admits a combustible mixture of air and gasoline. After compression, a fine spray of fuel injected into the diesel engine cylinder is ignited by the heat in the cylinder. A gasoline engine needs spark plugs to ignite the combustible mixture in the cylinder. The compression ratio of a diesel engine is higher than that of a gasoline engine. So a diesel engine is bigger than a gasoline engine.2.Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from ShanghaiMaritime University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him?I will introduce the engine room to him in this way: This is the engine room. It is below the first deck on board .There are many machines and equipment in it, including a main engine and a lot of auxiliary machines. This is the economizer, standing just in front of the door .Down the staircase, there is a boiler. Going down some more, you will find a passage leading to the steering gear room. Moving down another flight of stairs, you will come to the level of main engine cylinder heads. Up from there, there are diesel generators. The fresh water generator is also on he same level. As the heart of a ship, the engine room should be kept in good order.3.Xiao Zhang is a three-year student majoring in marine engineering from ShanghaiMaritime University.How do you introduces the equipment and machinery in the engine room to him?I will introduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room in this way: There are many kinds of machines in the engine room. The main engine is the heart of the engine room. It supplies power for the vessel’s propulsion. Boilers are used for producing steam. A fresh water generator is used to produce fresh water from seawater. An air compressor is to supply compressed air. Steering gears are for the control of the ship’s course. All the machinery and equipment should be maintained in good order.4.Look at the illustration and say something about the disposal of the shafting anddiesel engine.I will say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine. The main diesel engine is with a thrust shaft as an integral part. The thrust is bolted to an intermediate shaft. The intermediate shaft is supported by intermediate tunnel bearings. The sterntube bearing supports the tailshaft and part of the propeller weight. Sterntube seals are fitted at both ends of the tailshaft. The shafts, shaft bearings and probability make up the transmission system on board a vessel.5.Look at the illustration and say something about the probability of disposal ofmedium-speed and high-speed diesel engine.Medium-and high-speed diesel engines can be arranged as single-engine propulsion. But they are probably arranged as two-, even three-or four-engine propulsion. The illustration shows a kind of four-engine propulsion. These engines are connected with a reduction gear. Through the reduction gear, the propelling speed is reduced and the torque is increased. One of the advantages of this arrangement is that compact systems can be used.6.Look at the illustration and say something about structure of the main engine.This is an illustration of the structure of a main engine. The main engine consists of two parts: the moving parts and fixed parts. The moving parts include piston, crankshaft, and connecting rod. The fixed parts are bedplate, frame, cylinder, cylinder cover and main bearings. The bedplate, frame and cylinder block are held together by long tie rods. The connecting rod connects the piston with the crankshaft. The piston moves up and down in the cylinder. On the top of the cylinder, there is a cylinder cover. The exhaust valve, inlet valve and injector are installed on the cylinder cover.7.Look at the illustration and say something about stress status of the moving parts.This picture illustrates the stress status of the moving parts of an engine. The moving parts are stressed by two major forces. One is the compressive force from the gas in cylinder. The other is the inertia force of the moving parts. The resultant force of the two can be divided into Force N and Force S. Force S compresses or stretches the connecting rod. And it can be further divided into Force T and Force K. Force K exerts a bending stress on the crankshaft.8.Look at the illustration and say the type of piston head shape in diesel engine.This picture illustrates the shape of a piston head. There are four piston ring grooves in the head. The top of the piston head is concave, like a bowl. This shape is favorable for the mixing of fuel and air. It is also for the free expansion of the head after being heated. The type of this piston is probably a crosshead type.9.Look at the illustration and say the types of piston ring.This picture illustration various types of piston ring. The first one in the picture is the section of a rectangular ring. This kind of piston ring is most common for gas sealing. The second one is a diagonal cut piston ring. It is commonly used for oil distributor ring. The third one is a kind of piston ring with one inner-side chamfer.The fourth one is a twisted ring. And the fifth one is with an oval shape at the outer side. It is particularly used for the running-in period of a new piston.10.Please describe the lubricating mode of main engine.There are two different lubricating modes of main engine. One is for lubrication of the cylinders. The other is for bearing lubrication. The cylinder oil is usually provided by small pumps, known as mechanical lubricators. The oil should be supplied in small quantities. But the method of nearing lubrication is quite different. It is provided by forced feed system. It provides a sufficient supply of oil to all bearing. Lubrication of the main engine can reduce friction.11.Talk about the working principle of purifier according to the picture given.The picture shows the working principle of a purifier on board. It works on the principle of centrifugal separation. In a purifier, there are separation discs and outer periphery with a series of holes. When oil is pumped into it, the centrifugal force causes water to be forced to the outer periphery. A cylindrical interface is formed between the water and oil. The oil is forced inward and up to the clean oil outlet. By this way, a purifier can remove water from fuel oil.12.Talk about the working principle of oily water separator according to the picturegiven.The picture shows the working principle of an oily water separator. It works on the principle of gravity separation. When operated, the oil water separator is first filled with clean water. The oily water mixture is then pumped into the coarse separating compartment. Here some oil will separate and rise into the oil collection space. The remaining mixture now flows down into the fine separating compartment. More oil will separate out. The almost oil-free water passes into the central pipe and leaves the separator unit. The oil content in the water may be 100 ppm or less.13.Talk about the anti-pollution equipment on board ship.Anti-pollution equipment is necessary especially for ocean-going ships. The equipment includes the oily water separator, the incinerator and the sewage treating system. The oily water separator is used to treat the bilge water before discharging it overboard. The incinerator is used to burn oil wastes and some solid wastes on board. The biological sewage treatment plant is used to treat the sewage on board. These devices perform their duties to prevent pollution from ships to the sea. We should take great care of them. We should ensure that they all meet the requirements of the MARPOL Convention.14.Talk about the operation of the ballast system.The ballast system is used to bring the ship’s drafts into a seaworthy condition.Water can be drawn from any tank or the sea, or be discharged to any other tank or the sea. By this way, it can trim the vessel as required. Combined or separate mains for suction and discharge may be provided. We must operate the ballast system according to the international and port regulations. Water from CBTs (clean ballast tanks) or SBTs (segregated ballast tanks) can be discharged directly.Ballast water from fuel oil tanks should be discharged overboard through an oily water separator.15.Talk about the operation of the bilge water system.The operation of the bilge water system is an important routine work. It needs great care. The discharge of bilge waer must meet relevant requirements about pollution prevention. The bilge water should be treated by an oily water separator before being discharged overboard. The oil content limit should not exceed 15 ppm. The duty engineer should discharge the bilges before handing over a watch.The operation must be reported in the Oil Record Book. It should also be reported to the Chief Engineer. And the relieving engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.第三章驾机联系munications with officersCommunications between the engineers and deck officers are very important.Lf the communication fail, accidents may happen.While they are keeping watch, they will communicate with each other by telephone. For example, the duty officer will inform the duty engineer when to stand by engine, when to check out telegraph and when the ship will arrive at the port.Before the engineer gives the main engine a trial on power, he should inform the officer.While testing the steering gear，the engineer will report the rudder angle to the bridge.Lf anything unexpected happens, they will notify each other as soon as possible.2.Noon reportA noon report must be written every day .Lt is a table with three columns.The first column is for daily performance data.Here we should enter some data concerning the main engine, ship and voyage.The second column is for remarks of the Chief Engineer.And the third one should be filled in with the working hours of the main and auxiliary engines.3.Take over watchTake over an engineering watch is an important procedure in watch-keeping .The relieving engineer should be in the engine room 15 minutes ahead of time.Before taking over watch，the relieving engineer should check various things.He should read the standing orders and special instructions of the Chief Engineer.He should be aware of all work being performed on machines and systems.Then he should take a tour around the engine room.He should check the level and condition of fuel tanks, lube oil tanks, water tanks and bilges.He should check all temperatures and pressures of various working systems.He should check the running conditions of the main and auxiliary engines.When every is found in good condition, the relieving is considered completed. 4.Before handing over an engineering watch, the engineer to be relieved shouldrecord all the incidents happened during his watch.He should tell the relieving engineer whether there are any special instructions, all work being performed on machinery and systems.He should tell the relieving engineer the liquid levels and conditions of various tanks being used .If the ship is in port, he should tell the relieving engineer the communication channel with the shore personnelAnd he should tell him all other things concerning the safety and environmental protection .5.Standby engine before departureWhen standing-by engine before departure ,we should do various things.We should check various systems of the main engine .We should warm up the main engine .We should prime the lube oil pump and vent the air from the system .We should start the lube oil pump and make sure that lube oil supply is in order.We should pump up the starting air reservoirs to their maximum pressure.We should check the reversing and control gear of the main engine .We should engage the turning gear and give the engine at least one complete turn.After informing the bridge ,we will give the main engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern .Finally ,we will ring ―stand-by‖ on the engine telegraph.6.Standby engine after sailing.(1)When do you begin standing by engine?(2)How do you stand by engine?After a period of sailing, a ship will arrive at a port.We should begin standing by engine before arriving.The starting air receivers must be pumped up to be read for maneuvering.Some control modes must be changed over from automatic to hand control.About one hour before engine movements, heavy oil should be changed over to diesel.The starting air system should be drained.Lf permissible, a test reversal of the engine should be carried out before arrival in congested waterways.7.Measures to be taken by duty engineer at rough seaWhen sailing at rough sea, the ship will pitch and roll violently.We should pump up the slack tanks and secure some movable things.The main engine speed may exceed the maximum allowable RPM because the propeller may be above the sea surface.The ship’s speed may be reduced because of greater resistanc e.So we should closely observe the working condition of the main engine.And we should get ready to any emergency conditions.8.Actions to be taken after ―Finished with engine’ ‖.(1)When do you begin finishing with engine?(2)How do you finish with engine?Afte r the bridge gives the order ―Finished with engine‖, we begin finishing with the engine.We should check various control levers.We should shut various valves and open various cocks.We should gradually reduce the cooling water temperature over a period of 8 hours.And we should turn the main engine through 3or 4 turns at first.Then we should turn the main engine through one turn at interval during cooling.9.Talk about the steering gear testingSteering gear is one of the key equipment on board.It is u sed to control the ship’s course.Both main and auxiliary steering gears should be tested using the emergency power supply.Alarms should also be checked for correct operation.This job should be done before departure from or arrival at a port.Lf requested by the port state control and officer, testing should also be done.While testing the steering gears, the deck officer and the engineer should work together.The rudder angle should be check and the system be tested.Any error or malfunction if found should be corrected.10.Actions to be taken in the case of the trial of main engineThe main engine should be tried to ensure its good working order.Before the trial, we should warn up the engine.We should engage the turning gear and give the engine at least one complete turn.We should open the scavenge drains.We should ask the bridge for permission to test the main engine.After getting permission from the bridge, we start the engine on air.Then we close all indicator cocks.We will give the engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern.11.Talk about engine room orders.Engine room orders are mainly standard engine orders.―Standing by engine‖ requires that engine room personnel get fully ready to manoeuvre .―Full ahead‖ means the maximum manoeuvring engine revolution for forward propulsion .―Full astern‖ means the maximum manoeuvring engine revolution for astern propulsion .And other engine orders include ―half ahead‖ ,‖half astern‖, ―slow ahead‖, ―slow astern‖ ,‖dead slow ahead‖ and ―dead slow astern‖ .―Finished with engine‖ means that moment of engine is no longer required .Engine orders are transmitted between the bridge and engine room through the telegraph .12.Talk about the telegraph in engine roomThe telegraph in the engine room is very important device.It is installed on the control console.Its movement is transmitted to the telegraph on the bridge.The bridge and the engine room use this system to communicate engine movements.It is usually used when the ship is going into or out of a port.The telegraph control lever has four ―ahead‖ and four ―astern‖ positions with the ―stop‖ position in the middle.第四章应急用语1、Describe briefly one of the main engine breakdown cases you experienced orheard..(1)the case.(2)actions taken in that case(3)your comments as to the actions.I have heard of a case of main engine trouble （just an example）.During navigation, the engine room alarm sounded.The control room computer showed that the exhaust temperature of NO.5 cylinder of the main engine is abnormal.Upon check, the fuel cam for that cylinder was found broken.As there were no spare parts on board, that cylinder was cut off.The ship continued its voyage at reduced speed and arrived at the next port of call safely.I think the engineer on that ship did the right thing.2、Actions to be taken in the event of sudden stoppage of the main engine .(1) possible reasons……（2）actions to be taken .Sudden stoppage of the main engine is a serious accident.The problem may lie in the fuel system of the engine , but also can be other systems .Even reduction gear breakdown can cause main engine stoppage .In the event of sudden stoppage , the bridge should be informed immediately.If the ship is near a port , she will towed into the port for troubleshooting and repair.If the ship is at open sea and the engineers cannot solve the problem, the ship will ask assistance and rescue.3、Action to be taken in the event of the turbocharger surge.(1) Possible reasons.(2) Actions to be takenTurbocharger surge may be due to various reasons.One reason is fouled air cooler.Another is a defective turbocharger.The action to be taken first is to slow down the engine.Then stop the engine to fix the problem.If it is not allow to stop, keep low speed running until the ship reaches a port.4、Notice to be taken when the main engine running with a cylinder cut off.In some emergency cases ,the main engine may run with a cylinder cut off.In this case ,the engine must run at a low speed.The engineer must reduce the load of the engine.The exhaust gas temperature of the remaining cylinder should not exceed normal full-load temperature.Sometimes severe or even dangerous vibration may occur.The engineer must keep close watch on the situation.If necessary, some measure must be taken.5、Action to be taken when scavenge fire occurs.Once a scavenge fire occurs ,we should inform the bridge without delay.The engine should be slowed down.Fuel to the affected cylinders should be shut off.Cylinder lubrication should be increased to minimize the risk of seizure.All the scavenge drains should be closed.A small fire will quickly burn out.But if the fire persists , the engine must be shopped.The fire extinguishing agent should be used to put out the fire.6、Actions to be taken when a crankcase explosion occurs.If a crankcase explosion occurs, we should immediately take actions.We should inform the bridge right away.We should reduce the engine speed to ―slow‖.We ask the bridge for permission to stop.When the engine stopped, stop the primary fuel oil pump.And stop the lubricating oil pump.We should try our best to find the cause of the explosion.7、Describe briefly one of the blackout cases that your experiences or heard.(1) the case.(2) actions taken in that cases.(3) your comments as to the actions.One day, our ship suddenly blacked out while at sea.The fourth engineer stopped the main engine first, informed the bridge and Chief Engineer immediately.He started the standby generator.When the power supplied again, he started the steering gear and pumps first, and then started the main engine.All the systems on board then worked in normal situation.The blackout didn’t cause any damage to the ship or its machinery.I think the fourth engineer took the correct actions.8、Describe the procedure to start an emergency generator.To start an emergency generator, the following procedures must be followed:First check the lube oil level in the crankcase if its prime mover.Then check the fuel oil in the tank.Also check the air pressure if the generator unit is air-started.And check the battery voltage if the unit is battery started.Make sure that there are no obstacles around the machine.After seeing every thing is in good order, start the machine.9、Describe the maintenance work of emergence battery.The maintenance work of emergency battery is in the charge of the fourth engineer.He should check the battery regularly.He should clean oxide on it.And he should check the specific gravity.If necessary, he should fill in some distilled water or electrolyte.The record of the maintenance should be kept.10、Action to be taken when a blackout occurs in the engineIf a blackout occurs in the engine room, we should take actions immediately. First we should inform the bridge.If the blackout relates to the generator, the stand-by generator will start up automatically.The navigation equipment, lighting，steering gear system and fire alarms should be first provided with electricity.Then we should try to find the problem causing the blackout.We should eliminate the problem as quickly as possible.11、Talk about the fire-fighting equipment on board.(1)There are various kinds of fire fighting equipment on board.(2)Different fire extinguishers can be used to put out different kinds of fire.(3)It is important to keep fire fighting equipment in good order and ready for use.There are various kinds of fire-fighting equipment on board, fire pumpsextinguishers, CO2 systems and so on.Different fire extinguisher can be used to put out different kinds of fire.Water is suitable for Class A and Class B fireDry power and CO2 extinguisher are suitable for Class B and Class C fire.Foam is suitable for Class A and Class B fire.It is important to keep fire fighting equipment in good order.And it should be kept ready for use.12、Talk about fire.(1)Fire is a constant hazard at sea.(2)fire is the result of a combustion three factors(elements)(3)fires are classified according to the material involved.Fire is common hazard at sea.To prevent fire and against fire, we should have some knowledge about it .Fires is the result of a combination of three elements: fuel , heat ,oxygen .To put out a fire ,we should try to remove one of the three elements.Fires are classified according to the material involved.For example , burning wood should be treated as Class A fire .Burning diesel oil should be treated as Class B fire.And burning electrical equipment should be treated as Class C fire.13、Talk about a fire fighting drill(1)A fire fighting drill shall be conducted at regular interval.(2)A fire fighting drill shall include the following action.(3)Every crew member shall be aware of the importance of a fire fighting drill.A fire fighting drill shall be conducted at regular intervals.For a cargo ship , the interval is usually once a month .A fire fighting drill shall include the following:The fire alarm is sounded.The firemen arrive at the station with their outfits.Fire pump are started.Water comes out from the fire hydrants.After the drill, comments about it should be made.14、Actions to be taken when a fire occurs in the engine room.If a fire occurs in the engine room, alarm must be sounded.Portable extinguisher will be used to extinguish the fire.The valves of oils and the ventilation should be secured.If the fire cannot be put out , sound the alarm of theCO2 system.Stop the engines generator and boiler.Secure all the openings and vents, and evacuate all personnel from the engine room.Then activate the CO2 system to put out the fire.15、Describe briefly one of the collision cases you experienced or heard.(1)The case(2)The measure taken in the case(3)Your comments about measures taken.。
轮机英语8套(7)
1、One of the factors limiting the amount of load which can be put on a modern marine diesel engine is the______。
(172087:第 1 章船舶主推进装置:1321) 查看备注查看答案A. governor sensitivityB. exhaust temperatureC. fuel injection pressureD. speed of the camshaft2. The control mode in which the final control element is moved from one of two fixed positions to the other is known as .A. dead band actionB. neutral zone actionC. rangeD. on-off action3. When the speed of the engine increases, the rotating weights of the governor move .A. outwardB. inwardC. upwardD. downward4、Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to convert mechanical into hydraulic energy? (173225:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:1056) 查看备注查看答案A. the hydraulic pumpsB. hydraulic cylindersC. valvesD. hydraulic motors5. To achieve the best possible separator, the interface must be located between the of the top disc and the disc stack.A. outskirtB. out brimC. outer edgeD. inner part6. What is the main objectives of BWM 2004?A. to control the use of organic compound acting as biocidesB. to reduce the harmful fouling of the marine organismsC. to deal with the issues around ship recyclingD. to resolve the problem of invasive species caused by ballast water7、Electrical power is expressed in _____ (173472:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化:5) 查看备注查看答案A. ohmsB. voltsC. ampsD. watts8、____ play a very important part in hydraulic systems by preventing interaction between different parts of the hydraulic circuit (173249:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:1080) 查看备注查看答案A. MotorsB. Check valvesC. Safety valvesD. Reducing valve9、____ is not a part of the main switchboard on board. (173648:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化:181)查看备注查看答案A. BusbarB. Load panel of main generatorC. Paralleling panelD. Shore connection box10. In the oil purifier, the interface move outside the top disc, the oil will escape through .A. the sludge passageB. the sludge outletC. the observe glass passageD. the water outlet11、The three basic components of a fire are chain reaction, heat, fuel and _____A. carbon monoxideB. oxygenC. carbon dioxideD. any gaseous substance12、When the union purchase derrick is operated, one derrick is positioned over the quayside and the other almost vertically over the( ). (173303:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:1134) 查看备注查看答案A. dockB. holdC. pedestalD. machinery space13. A State may also enact its domestic laws on foreign ships entering its waters. The United States, for example, has enacted the .A. MARPOLB. Oil Pollution Act, 1990C. STCWD. SOLAS14、Which one of the following is not generally recognized as one constitute of bilge water? __________. (174715:第 5 章国际公约、规则:85) 查看备注查看答案A. Oil leaking from tanks inside engine roomB. Engine room cleaning waterC. Water leaking from the separator sludge tankD. Sewage water15、A lower fuel consumption translates to reduced carbon dioxide emissions since the amount produced is directly proportional to _____, and therefore to the engine or plant efficiency.A. The volume of air usedB. The volume of fuel usedC. The exhaust gasD. The engine power16、In the starting system, the automatic valve is controlled by ______, and the cylinder start valves are controlled by ____. (171958:第 1 章船舶主推进装置:1192) 查看备注查看答案A. pilot air; pilot airB. handle; solenoidC. handle, pilot air coming through the distributorD. solenoid; pilot air coming through the distributor17、When stand-by engine instructions have been received, it‘s necessary to make it sure that all valves in the various systems are ______. (173985:第 4 章船舶轮机管理业务:7) 查看备注查看答案A. operationalB. openC. closed securelyD. at middle position18、In an automatic mooring winches, the wire is paid off the barrel at a ______tension and is recovered at tension. (173348:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:1179) 查看备注查看答案A. lower/higherB. maximum/higherC. predetermined minimum/higherD. predetermined maximum/lower19、The power factor of an AC generator operating singularly is determined by the ____. (173532:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化:65) 查看备注查看答案A. connected loadB. prime mover speedC. field excitationD. generators rated voltage20、A-frames are mounted on the bed-plate and support _____and cylinder block. (171339:第 1章船舶主推进装置:573) 查看备注查看答案A. the main bearingB. the entablatureC. the cylinder coverD. the sump21、While on watch in the engine room, you hear a continuous sounding of the general alarm. Which of the following actions should you take? (174299:第 4 章船舶轮机管理业务:321) 查看备注查看答案A. Make an entry in the official logbookB. Open the master control valves on the fixed CO2 system.C. Start the fire pump and check discharge pressure.D. Secure auxiliary condenser overboard discharge.22、The Ship Security Plan should indicate the operational and physical ____ the ship itself should take to ensure it always operates at security level 1. (174858:第 5 章国际公约、规则:228) 查看备注查看答案A. precaution measuresB. safety measuresC. security measuresD. emergency response measures23、Control of the main propulsion diesel engines can be shifted from the engine room to the wheelhouse from the _________. (173970:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化(04 规则不考):503) 查看备注查看答案A. wheelhouse control stationB. engine room control stationC. captain‘s officeD. chief engineer‘s office24、Hydraulic machinery failures are commonly caused by misalignment of the system components and by ______. (173456:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:1287) 查看备注查看答案A. hydraulic fluid contaminationB. excessive fluid frictionC. turbulent fluid flowD. fluid pressure surges25、The lube oil cooler is located after the lube oil filter in order for ______. (171787:第 1 章船舶主推进装置:1021) 查看备注查看答案A. the filter to operate more efficientlyB. the lube oil cooler to be bypassedC. positive lube oil pump suction to be assuredD. galvanic action in the cooler to be minimized26、A manometer is used to measure _____. (173925:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化:458) 查看备注查看答案A. pressureB. volumeC. temperatureD. specific gravity27、Purging air from a hydraulic system is necessary when______ (173441:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:1272) 查看备注查看答案A. adding small amounts of oil to the systemB. the system has been overheatedC. the system has been drained and then filled with new oilD. the system has been idle for a long period of time28、Generator brushes are staggered to . (173505:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化:38) 查看备注查看答案A. reduce current pulsationsB. reduce brush chatterC. prevent uneven commutator wearD. allow greater power generation29、Moisture absorbed in the windings or condensed on the surface of electrical machinery insulation ______. (173860:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化:393) 查看备注查看答案A. is good for long term preserving since most insulation is organic and contains some amountB. lowers the insulation value and is a common cause of fault grounds in idle machinesC. will enhance insulation resistance only if it is fresh water and contains no saltD. reduces the amount of current supplied or drawn by the machine so horsepower is limited30、Which of the listed devices would be installed at a control system air pressure reducing station? (171970:第 1 章船舶主推进装置:1204) 查看备注查看答案A. Moisture separatorB. Vacuum breakerC. LubricatorD. Non-return valve31、The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that all machinery involved withthe maneuvering of the ship can immediately be placed in the ____ of operation when notified that the ship is in congested waters. (174659:第 5 章国际公约、规则:29) 查看备注查看答案A. manual modeB. automatic modeC. remote modeD. follow-up mode32、During the watch keeping at sea, at appropriate intervals inspection should be made of _____ , auxiliary machinery and steering gear spaces by the duty engineer. (174036:第 4 章船舶轮机管理业务:58) 查看备注查看答案A. the main propulsion plantB. lifesaving jacketsC. lifeboat engineD. state of emergency generator33、A vessel is required to carry an Oil Record Book Part Ⅰto log entries in the book regarding the ____. (174572:第 4 章船舶轮机管理业务:594) 查看备注查看答案A. discharge of ballast or cleaning water from fuel tanksB. sounding levels of all fuel tanks on a daily basisC. grade and specific gravity of all fuel oil carriedD. fuel consumption rates on a weekly basis34. After discovering the cause of the overload, the fuse must be to reconnect the circuit.A. unchangedB. disassembledC. brokenD. replaced35、STCW78/95 Convention describes that ____ are laid down for the certification of engineer officers in charge of a watch in a traditionally manned engine room, or the designated engineer in a periodically unmanned engine room. (174631:第 5 章国际公约、规则:1) 查看备注查看答案A. available minimum requirementsB.available maximum requirements C.mandatory minimum requirements D.mandatory maximum requirements36、During emergency operations for a direct reversing large, low-speed, main propulsion diesel engine, which of the following actions is used to stop the shaft from turning prior to reversing the engine rotation?A. Flywheel inertiaB. Admission of starting airC. The way of the vesselD. Securing of fuel to the cylinders37、When anaerobic bacteria convert the sewage to an inert sludge, _____. (172988:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:819) 查看备注查看答案A. no oxygen is neededB. oxygen is necessaryC. oxygen is given offD. no gas is produced38、Usually, emergency electricity supplies to ____ on board. (173673:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化:206) 查看备注查看答案A. Cargo winchB. WindlassC. Steering gearD. Main air compressor39. In a diesel engine cooling system, the high temperature alarm contact maker will be activated on excessively high discharge temperature from the .A. raw water pump dischargeB. expansion tank outletC. cooling water heat exchangerD. engine jacket water outlet40、From the separator the fuel enters ___ for HFO.A. The settling tankB. The daily service tankC. The separator oil tankD. The double bottom tank41、If you heard a ‗crackling ‘noise in a centrifugal pump, the most probable cause of the proble m would be _____.A. Insufficient speedB. CavitationC. Excess discharge pressureD. Excessive net positive suction head42、When is fuel injected into a cylinder of diesel engines? (171000:第 1 章船舶主推进装置:234)查看备注查看答案A. Before air in the cylinder is compressedB. After air in the cylinder is compressedC. After combustion gases in the cylinder have expandedD. As air is taken into the cylinder43. Cooling of engines is achieved by circulation around internal passages within the engine usually.A. sea waterB. lubricating oilC. jacket waterD. a cooling liquid44、What is the purpose of requirement for some ships to carry equipment such as EPIRBs and SARTs? (174787:第 5 章国际公约、规则:157) 查看备注查看答案A. To improve the possibility of ships to be rescued in an accidentB. To provide the information about the position of shipsC. To improve the technical equipment in shipsD. To receive the rescue information quickly45. The low speed diesel engines are tall to allow for long strokes which improve engine .A. flexibilityB. efficiencyC. reliabilityD. controllable ability46. If the centrifugal pump operating with a positive suction head becomes air bound, your first response should be to .A. vent the casingB. close the dischargeC. tighten the packingD. reprime the pump47、When does auxiliary burner of rotary nozzle incinerator begin to work? I. When igniting; II. The sludge for dealing with is too much; III. before stopping incinerator. (172968:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:799) 查看备注查看答案A. I+IIB.I+III C.II+IIID. I+II+III48、When transmitted by a reduction gear, diesel engine speed is reduced and the torque available for work ____. (172169:第 1 章船舶主推进装置:1403) 查看备注查看答案A. remains the sameB. is reducedC.is increased D.is eliminated49. The is the usual anchor handling device where one machine may be used to handle both anchors.A. craneB. hatch coverC. windlassD. steering gear50、Air cocks, usually positioned at the _____in a circulating system, is used to get rid of the air in the system. (171911:第 1 章船舶主推进装置:1145) 查看备注查看答案A. bending jointB. weldC. expansion tankD. the highest point51、In purification, the separator should be checked the following items except that ______.A. The throughput is constantB. The working temperature is constantC. The oil does not leak from the worm gear housingD. The brake is released52、Which of the materials listed is used as the dynamic seal material on mechanical seals installed on most centrifugal pumps used in water service? (172613:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:444) 查看备注查看答案A. Copper.B. Copper and carbon.C. Carbon.D. Bronze.53. A liquid boils and condenses –the change between the liquid and gaseous state – at a temperature which depend on its within the limits of its freezing point and critical temperature.A. dew pointB. flowC. boiling pointD. pressure54、Fuses placed in series with a thermal trip-type circuit breaker are used for _____.A. Time-delay protectionB. Short-circuit protectionC. Short duration surge protectionD. Sustained overload protection55. When pumping down an air conditioning system to test the low pressure cutout switch, you should .A. stop the compressorB. secure the condenserC. close the ―king valve‖D. stop the circulating pump56、As for four stroke diesel engine, as the piston reaches the bottom of the cylinder for the second time____ is opened and during the upward and fourth stroke the hot spent gases are expelled through it.A. The doorB. The inlet valveC. The exhaust valveD. The scavenging hole57、During oil transfer operations, who would be responsible to guarantee that the posted procedures are being followed? (174380:第 4 章船舶轮机管理业务:402) 查看备注查看答案A. The designated person in charge.B. The tanker man.C. The senior able seaman.D. The oiler.58、The overcurrent relay ____the motor contractor when the motor exceeds its rated current. (173797:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化:330) 查看备注查看答案A. connectsB. foulsC. tripsD. distracts59. What is the most commonly used form of shipboard freshwater generation?A. membrane filtrationB. evaporative distillationC. vapor compressionD. Clarification60. When the control lever return to the stop position, .A. the spring should promptly turn the rack to the no fuel positionB. the spring should slowly turn the rack to the no fuel positionC. a delay in the movement of rack is necessaryD. the rack should return to the no fuel position within 1 min61、According to regulations, a power driven auxiliary steering gear for a vessel capable of a 20 knot service speed, must be capable of producing a rudder movement at which of the minimum speeds listed below? (173402:第 2 章船舶辅助机械(04 规则不考):1233) 查看备注查看答案A. 7 knotsB. 10 knotsC. 15 knotsD. 20 knots62、Diesel engine exhaust gas temperatures can be used to determine individual cylinder _____ . (172100:第 1 章船舶主推进装置:1334) 查看备注查看答案A. performanceB. horsepower outputC. fuel consumptionD.scavenge effect63、The officer in charge of an engineering watch shall have the knowledge of ERM principles, including ______. (174626:第 4 章船舶轮机管理业务:648) 查看备注查看答案A. adequate knowledge of the English languageB. adequate knowledge of safetyC. efficient engineering watchD. effective communication64、A preventive maintenance and repair system is the prevailing approach in modern ship operations. It means that maintenance and repairs are carried out ___.A. When failures occurB. During failures occurC. Before failures occurD. After failures occur65. When the two voltage supplies are in phase the pointer is stationary in the position.A. 11 o‘clockB. 12 o‘clockC. 10 o‘clockD. 9 o‘clock66、In the event of a small bunker oil spill on deck occurring while bunkering, you should____A.wash down the area immediately with a fire hoseB.wash down the area with keroseneC.cover the area with absorbent materialD.cover the area with foam67、In the event of minor emergencies when the machinery spaces unattended, ______ will be informed of malfunctions in the machinery by his cabin monitor. (173972:第 3 章船舶电气和自动化(04 规则不考):505) 查看备注查看答案A. the chief engineerB. the engineer on cabin watchC. the bridge officer on watchD. the master68、The ISM Code is a part of ___.A.SOLASB.MARPOLC.STCWD.Ballast water convention69、____ means the Government of the State whose flag the ship is entitled to fly. (174803:第 5 章国际公约、规则:173) 查看备注查看答案A. AssemblyB. OrganizationC. CompanyD. Administration70. The exhaust gas heat exchanger would be located in the uptake region leading to .A. the auxiliary enginesB. the funnel B. the turbocharger D. the main engine71、When replacing a part with a spare one, we should fill in the spare parts consume table in time and make a mark in brief for____ . (174460:第4 章船舶轮机管理业务:482) 查看备注查看答案A. the reason of replacingB. the course of replacingC. crews who do this workD. where and when the replacing being done72、The Pork State Control officer may witness a fire drill carried out by the crew assigned to these duties on the ____. (174595:第 4 章船舶轮机管理业务:617) 查看备注查看答案A. Navigation Log BookB.Engine Room Log BookC. Oil Record BookD.Muster List73、Which of the listed conditions can be considered as the single greatest cause of accidents?(174628:第 4 章船舶轮机管理业务:650) 查看备注查看答案A. SpeedB. Excessive knowledge or skillC. Human errorD. Excitement74、Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships is____ of MARPOL 73/78 conventionA.Annex IB.Annex IIIC.Annex VID.Annex V75、Fires occurring in combustible metals, such as sodium or magnesium, are classified as a _____. (174222:第 4 章船舶轮机管理业务:244) 查看备注查看答案A. class AB. class BC. class CD. class D76、When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled( ). The oily water mixture is then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment. (172924:第 2 章船舶辅助机械:755) 查看备注查看答案A. with dirty waterB. with clean waterC. by oily waterD. by mixed waterThe required lube oil pressure of the turbocharger is adjusted by means of an orifice in the lube oil supply. Upon initial starting of operation, the oil pressure is set and checked at the measuring point connection (at the top of the bearing casing).The lube oil pressure is to be set in such a manner that a pressure of 1.3 -2.2 bar is given at this location under full load of the engine with the lube oil at operating temperature.The following parameters apply for the monitoring of the lube oil pressure.The alarm value is to be set at 1.0bar for a pressure drop of the lube oil pressure.The limit value for load reduction to half load is at 0.8 bar,At 0.6 bar, the engine is to be stopped immediately.When starting the engine and during the warm-up phase of the engine with still cool lube oil, a short-term higher lube oil pressure is permitted. For differences in elevation between the pressure-measuring point and the center of the exhaust gas turbocharger, it is imperative to take the value of 0.1 bar per 1 meter of level difference into account.ExampleIf the manometer or the pressure controller is situated three meters below, then the manometer must indicate a value increased by 0.3 bar or the pressure controller must be set 0.3 bar higher than the required operating pressure.The required lube oil pressure is adjusted by means of a throttle device in the supply line. The indication of the active alarm and the reaction through the engine control must occur at the same time. Therefore, the engine control must at least correspond with category 3 according to DIN EN 954-11)when load reduction to half load, what is the normal value of lube oil pressure?A.1.3barB.1.0barC.0.8barD.0.6bar2)What is the main meanings of this article?A.Lube oil pressure of the exhaust gas turbocharger is importantB.How to adjust lube oil pressure of the exhaust gas turbochargerC.Lube oil pressure of the exhaust gas turbocharger is proportional to the temperature.D.How to adjust lube oil temperature of the exhaust gas turbocharger3) If the manometer or the pressure controller is situated five meters below, what is the manometer value increased by?A.0.3 barB.0.5barC.0.1barD.0.6bar4) What is the required lube oil pressure adjusted by means of in the supply line?A.ManometerB.the pressure controllerC.regulating valveD.orificeAlmost every type of electrical apparatus is capable of giving rise to interference and even certain non-electrical equipment may also cause trouble due to generation of static electrical charges. Typical examples of the latter are seawater-lubricated rubber or plastic bearings. In these cases electrical charges produced by the rotation of the shaft on the rubbing face of the bearing will give rise to a cracking noise in any adjacent radio set of the portable type. Interference results from any sudden interruption or change of electrical current such as surges from switches, control gear, motor starters, etc. or it can arise from stead-state conditions which in themselves are a series of current interruptions or reversals. Examples of this type of disturbance vary from the fluorescent tube to thyristor control gear, and motors and generators of all kinds. Erratic connections can also cause a large amount of trouble because by their nature the trouble is difficult to trace. Most of the apparatus used in modern ships are the composite products of a number of manufactures, e.g. a main supply system will have the generator produced by one manufacturer, the control gear by a second, surveillance device by a third, the prime mover by a fourth, and so on. Circumstances can arise therefore, where it is necessary to suppress to one manufacturer‘s equipment in order to control interference from other component from a different manufacturer.1) The passage is mainly about ____.A. electrical apparatusB. non-electrical equipmentC.seawater-lubricated rubber D.interference2) Which statement is true according to the last paragraph?A. The apparatus such as the generators are produced by many manufacturersB. The apparatus such as the prime movers are produced by a number of manufacturersC. The apparatus such as the control gears are produced by a lot of manufacturersD. Different apparatus in one system in modern ships may be made by different manufacturers.3)The following statements are considered true except ___ _.A. Only electrical apparatus is capable of giving rise to interference.B. Seawater-lubricated rubber can cause trouble due to generation of static electrical charges.C. Plastic bearings can also cause trouble due to generation of static electrical charges.D. Almost every type of electrical apparatus is capable of giving rise to interference.4) The ‗prime mover‘in the last paragraph refers to _____.A. the main engineB. the air compressorC. the A.C. generatorD. the auxiliary engine driving the A.C. generatorThe windlass is the usual anchor handling device where one machine may be used lo handle both anchors. A more recent development, particularly on larger vessels, is the split windlass where one machine is used for each anchor.The rotating units consist of a cable lifter with shaped smug to grip the anchor cable, a mooring drum for paying out or letting go of mooring wires and a warp end for warping duties. Each of these units may be separately engaged or disengaged by means or a dog clutch, although the warp end is often driven in association with the mooring drum. A spur gear assembly transmits the motor drive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off. Separate band brakes are fitted to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched off. The cable lifter unit is mounted so as to raise and lower the cable from the spurting pipe, which is at the top and centre of the chain or cable locker. Details of the snugs used to grip the cable and of the band brake can be seen. Anchor capstans are used in some installations where the cable lifter rotates about a vertical axis. Only the cable lifter unit is located on deck, the driving machinery being on the deck below. A warping end or barrel may be driven by the same unit and is positioned near the cable lifter.(1) According to the passage, the rotating units of a split windlass don’t include _ _.A.A cable lifterB.A mooring drumC.A chain lockerD.A warp end(2) Which of the following statements is correct?A. more recently development, particularly on larger vessels, is the split windlass where one machine is used to handle both anchors.B. The word ‘m achine‘in the passage refers to the windlassC. Anchor capstans are used in some installation where the cable lifter rotates about a horizontal axis.D. Both the cable lifter unit and the driving machinery are located on deck.(3) One of the functions of a dog clutch is ___.A. to transmit the motor drive to the shaftB. to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched off.C. to engage or disengage the rotating units of a split windlass separately.D. to handle both anchors.(4) The word ‗assembly‘ in the sentence ‗ A spur gear assembly transmits the motor drive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off‘is as the same meaning as_____. A. unit B.shaft C.dogclutchD. spurling pipeExhaust gas emissions from marine diesel engines largely comprise nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor, with smaller quantities of carbon monoxide, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, partially reacted and non-combusted hydrocarbons and particulate material.Nitrogen oxides (NOx)—generated thermally from nitrogen and oxygen at high combustion temperatures in the cylinder –are of special concern since they are believed to be carcinogeni c and contribute to photochemical smog formation over cities and acid rain ( and hence excess acidification of the soil). Internal combustion engines primarily generate nitrogen oxide but less than 10 percent of that oxidizes to nitrogen dioxide the moment it escapes as exhaust gas.Sulphur oxides (SOx)—produced by oxidation of the sulphur in the fuel – have an unpleasant odor, irritate the mucus membrane and are a major source acid rain (reacting with water to form sulphurous acid). Acid deposition is a transboundary pollution problem. Once emitted, Sox can be carried over hundreds of miles in the atmosphere before being deposited in lakes and streams, reducing their alkalinity.1)___ are believed to be carcinogenic and contribute to photochemical smog formation over cities.A.Nitrogen oxidesB.Sulphur oxidesC.Carbon monoxideD.Hydrocarbons2) ___ are a major source of acid rain.A. Nitrogen oxidesB. Sulphur oxidesC. Carbon monoxideD. Hydrocarbons3)___ _ contributes to the greenhouse effect (global warming) and hence to changes in the earth‘s atmosphere.A. Nitrogen oxidesB.Carbon monoxide C.Caron dioxideD. Hydrocarbons4) What does exhaust gas emission from marine diesel engines contain?。
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试题二十三一、单项选择题：1.Because the castings of smaller engines are not so big and heavy, ______ and cylinder blockmay be made in one piece.A. the columnB. the jacketC. cylinder coverD. cylinder liner2.______ of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of crank webs foreach unit of the engine.A. MisalignmentB. LengthC. StrengthD. Stresses3. A common trouble with the fuel pump plungers or fuel valve spindle is______.A. broken downB. stuckC. oil leakageD. carbonized4.Diesel fuel oil having a low cetane rating can result in ______.A. improved cold weather startingB. smoother engine operationC. combustion knockD. reduce ignition lag5.______ is arranged for cleaning the lubricating oil in the system and clean oil can beprovided from a storage tank.A. A filterB. A centrifugeC. A distillerD. A generator6.The emulsion of the oil is mainly caused by ______.A. the solid impurities of large particleB. the solid impurities of fine particleC. the water contentD. both water and solidimpurities7.Cylinders of marine diesel engines are normally cooled by ______.A. sea waterB. fine mineral oilC. sanitary waterD. fresh water8.______ are fitted in the exhaust system and facilitate charge removal and scavenging in eachcylinder.A. DiffusersB. CompressorsC. Steam boilersD. Soot blowers9.______ device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to the cylinder beforethe reversing is completed.A. An automaticB. A transmissionC. A self-regulatingD. An interlocking10.The difference between a supercharged engine and an un-supercharged engine is that ______operates at an increased pressure.A. the laterB. the latterC. the formerD. the farmer11.______ for attachment to the propeller shaft also accommodates the turning gear and isintegrally forged with the crankshaft.A. The coupling flangeB. The camshaftC. The cross-head pinD. The cylinderjackets12.A(n) ______is a chemical or electro-chemical attack on the metal surface which may befurther increased if the sea-water is polluted.A. errosionB. corrosionC. cavityD. scouring13.The two-stroke cycle begins with the piston coming up from the bottom of its stroke, withscavenge ports in the sides of the cylinder being ______.A. shutB. closingC. openedD. closed14.The governor of a generator engine is to ______.A. make the engine stopB. regulate the timing of camshaftsC. make the rpm stabilize at any required valueD. make the engine run at nearly constant speed15.The ability of the governor to prevent fluctuations(波动) in engine speed is termed ______.A. sensitivityB. stabilityC. promptnessD. speed droop16. A governor automatically controls engine speed by regulating ______.A. fuel supplyB. firing orderC. engine loadD. oil level17.The volute pump is one in which the impeller ___.A. discharges into a gradually widening channelB. has stationary diffuser vanesC. produces no kinetic energyD. All of the aboveare true18.As for a hydraulic single action vane pump, the inner wall of the stator is usually of ______shape.A. circularB. elliptical( 椭圆的)C. rectangular（矩形的）D. hexagon19.Gear pumps are of positive displacement type pumps because they discharge a near constantamount of liquid ______ pressure.A. depending onB. in relative toC. regardless ofD. because of20.If an operating auxiliary boiler has a water pH reading of 7, you should ______.A. bottom blow the boilerB. treat the water with caustic sodaC. treat the water with chemical scavengersD. reduce the water alkalinity to recommended readings21.When steam is being raised on a boiler, the water level will normally ______.A. drop as the boiler warms upB. rise as the boiler warms upC. remain unchanged until the boiler is hot enoughD. rise and fall with the steam demand22.For a purifier, changing to a gravity disc with larger hole diameter will move the interfacetowards the ______.A. bowl peripheryB. bowl centerC. upper surfaceD. lower surface23.When in operation, it is unavoidable that a small amount of oil ______ through leakage, andin order to compensate for these leaks the system is connected to a feed pump.A. escapesB. overheatsC. expandsD.accelerates24.The pollution prevention regulations state that slop oil and sludge that result as part of normalfueling operations should be disposed of by ______.A. discharging ashore into the sewer systemB. sealing in disposable plastic barrels aboard shipC. discharging into a shore tank or slop bargeD. dumping into the ship’s bunker tanks25.If a bilge pump failed to build up discharge pressure, you should check for ______.A. excessive water in the bilgesB. a clogged suction strainerC. oil in the bilgesD. all of the above26.Here some oil in the oily water separator, as a result of its lower ______, will separate andrise into the oil collection space.A. temperatureB. viscosityC. densityD. velocity27.The drive motor will have a brake arranged to fail-safe, i.e. it will ______ the load if powerfails or machine is stopped.A. castB. putC. holdD. let out28.Morring winches are often combined with ______ units so that one prime mover drives both.A. craneB. hatch coverC. windlassD. steering gear29.The air compressor pumps air to the ______.A. air cylinderB. combustion chamberC. steam drumD. expansiontank30.The process of boiling seawater in order to separate it into freshwater vapor and brine isusually defined as ______.A. dehydrationB. condensationC. evaporationD. dissolution31.The cooler as the liquid becomes, ______.A. the faster it will evaporateB. the slower it will condenseC. the slower it will evaporateD. the faster it will flow32.During working, thermostatic expansion valve should be ______.A. either all the way open or all the way closedB. normally fully openC. throttled depending on loadD. controlled by liquefied pressure33.Prior to any overhaul work on electric equipment, it is important to ensure the circuits are______.A. liveB. deadC. excitedD. on line34.Why is it desirable to operate paralleled AC generators at the same power factor?A. Circulating currents are kept to a minimum.B. Field excitation losses are kept to a minimum.C. Generator rotors will have a lesser tendency to hunt.D. Because a power factor increase will decrease kilowatt output.35.In a modern three-phase A.C. synchronous brushes generator, the excitation winding is on therotor. That means ______.A. the generator need not excitation.B. the winding on the rotor is for inputting excitation current.C. there are three phase windings on the rotor.D. the generator has brushes.36.The main generators are connected to ______.A. distribution boardsB. section boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. main switch boardsually the panels are interlocked with ______ so that the devices can be made dead beforethe doors are opened.A. protective earthB. isolatorsC. ground switchD. circuit-breakers38.Which of the listed devices is used to measure pressure and convert it to an electrical signal?A. TransducerB. ReducerC. TransformerD. Rectifier39. A manometer is used to measure ______.A. pressureB. temperatureC. volumeD. specificgravity40.An ohmmeter can be used to measure ______.A. current flow in a circuitB. voltage between two points in a circuitC. circuit continuityD. power41.Engine protection by means of an alarm or shutdown control can be obtained with devicesthat are sensitive to ______.A. temperatureB. pressureC. engine speedD. all of theabove42.When the current in a power transmission line is increased, the power loss ______.A. increases as the square of the currentB. decreases as the square root of the currentC. remains the same, as it is independent of current flowD. increases in direct proportion as the current43.The conclusion that mechanical efficiency is always ______ 100 per cent is correct.A. small thanB. more thanC. little thanD. less than44.In a diesel engine, an extremely leaking exhaust valve can cause ______.A. misfiringB. pre-ignitionC. interrupted scavengingD. reducedscavenging45. A crack in a cylinder liner can be caused by ______.A. worn piston ringsB. installation of undersizedsealing ringsC. operating the engine at low loadsD. restricted cooling water passages46.Poor combustion in a diesel engine can be caused by ______.A. high compression pressureB. low intake air temperatureC. low exhaust pressureD. high scavenge air temperature47.Diesel engine exhaust temperatures may be used to indicate ______.A. leaking exhaust valvesB. an overloaded cylinderC. a clogged injector nozzleD. all of the above.bustion knock can occur in the cylinders of a diesel engine under any conditionpermitting ______.A. a shortened ignition delay periodB. a lean fuel/air mixtureC. excess fuel in the combustion chamberD. rapid vaporization of injected fuel droplets49.During the inspection, the starting air valves should be closed ______ the engine fromturning.A. to increaseB. to speed upC. to preventD. to reduce50.Lower suction pressure of a pump may be caused by ______.A. too much air in the pipe lineB. clogged strainerC. empty tankD. leakypipe51.To prevent excessive _____ in the transverse girders, the tie bolts are positioned as close tothe center of the crankshaft as possible.A. thermal stressesB. bending momentsC. thermal loadsD. surfacetensions52.During repair, lubrication lines and orifices must be ______.A. taken awayB. engagedC. connectedD. sealed off53.If the effective bearing bush area has been reduced ______, remedial action should be taken.A. by more than 5 percentB. by less than 10 percentC. to 95 percentD. to less than 90 percent54. A centrifugal pump can’t supply water after starting. You should check ______.A. priming waterB. power supplyC. packing glandD. bearing lubrication55.The ______ is used to measure current.A. ammeterB. voltmeterC. wattmeterD.frequency meter56.The ______ is used to measure power.A. ammeterB. voltmeterC. wattmeterD. frequency meter57.At the beginning of the watch the current operational parameters and the condition of allmachinery should be verified and also the log readings should correspond with those ______.A. noted by the bridge officerB. told by last duty engineerC. observedD. in the instruction manual58.In the engine department, the ______ is looked upon to provide the leadership that is needed.A. captainB. chief engineerC. chief officerD. chief motorman59.Routine monitoring of a diesel engine should include ______.A. checking for leaksB. checking temperatures andpressuresC. listening for abnormal noisesD. all of the above.60.The stability of a vessel is normally the greatest when all fuel and water tanks are fullbecause the ______.A. center of gravity is loweredB. center of buoyancy is loweredC. reserve buoyancy is unchangedD. hull freeboard is increased61.Hydrocarbon vapors are usually detected by the use of the ______.A. flame safety lampB. combustible gas indicatorC. gasometerD. oxygenindicator62.The order“Bow thrust stop.”means“______”.A. Bow thrust full to portB. Bow thrust full to starboardC. No bow thrust revolutionsD. No stern thrust revolutions63.______ may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergencyswitchboards.A. Large passenger vesselsB. General cargo shipsC. Container shipsD. Oiltankers64. A ______ sometimes called filters, is a device designed to prevent the passage of unwantedsolids into the system.A. steam trapB. check valveC. separatorD. strainer65.It is usual to identify the fluids in pipes by bands of paint at intervals, and the engineer shouldfamiliarize himself with the code in use. According to the above sentence, which of thefollowing statements is true?A. People can know the types of fluids in pipes by feeling with hands.B. There are series of rings painted in the pipes to show various fluids.C. Engineers should wear cards standing for ranks.D. Engineer knows his own code very well.66.One of the disadvantages of using carbon dioxide to extinguish a fire in an enclosed space is______.A. the ‘snow ’which is sometimes discharged along with the gas is toxicB. prolonged exposure to high concentrations of CO 2 gas causes suffocationC. rapid dissipation of the CO 2 vaporD. the CO 2 gas is lighter than air and a large amount is required to extinguish a fire near thedeck67.Administrations should bear in mind the significance（重要性）of ______ in maintainingsafety of life and property at sea and in preventing marine pollution.A. advanced nautical equipmentB. advanced performance main enginesC. emergency equipmentD. communication and language skills68.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most importantof all international treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. safetyD. efficiency二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：At the first start, listen carefully for possible jarring sounds. If anything is suspected, stop the engine immediately, otherwise stop the engine after 5 minutes' idling. Check at least the temperatures of the main and big end bearings and of all other bearings which have been opened. Make visual inspection from below to the cylinder liners and piston skirts which have been opened. If everything is in order, restart.Check that there is no leakage of gas, water, fuel or lubricating oil. Especially observe the fuel lines, HP fuel pumps and injectors. Watch the quantities emerging from the leak oil pipes!Check that the starting air manifold is not hot at any cylinder (leaky starting valve may cause explosion!After overhaul, the following instructions are important:- check pressure and temperature gauges.- check the automatic alarm and stop devices.- check the pressure drop over the fuel filter and lubricating oil filter.- check the oil level in the oil sump/oil tank. Estimate the condition of the oil.- check the de-aerating of the engine circulating water system.- check the quantity of fuel leak.- check the telltale holes for leaks.- check the circulating water quality- check the cylinder pressures.- listen for jarring sounds.- check the crankcase pressure.- check the starting air manifold.Running-in is mainly intended to let piston rings "wear" to fit properly in the cylinder liner.Do not continuously run at constant load during the running -in process.It is important to vary the load several times. The ring grooves in the piston will have a different tilting angle at each load and consequently the piston ring has a different contact line to the cylinder liner wall.69.Paragraph 1 tells us that ______.A. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, or allow it to operate atlowspeed for 5 minutes, then stop it and check everythingB. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, otherwise the engine willbestopped automatically after 5 minutesC. if we hear explosion sounds we should stop the engine then check everythingD. if we hear surging sounds, we should stop the engine immediately otherwise after 5minutesthe engine will be destroyed70.After overhaul, following instructions are important except ______.A. release air from the engine circulating water systemB. treat the circulating water if necessaryC. make sure the pressure drop is enough besides the fuel filterD. make sure the quantity of lube oil meets the requirement71.After piston overhaul, the running -in process should be carried out ______.A. periodically at steady loadB. occasionally at various loadC. continually at constant loadD. continually at various load72.When dealing with engine troubles, ______.A. no leakage of lubricating oil should be checkedB. quantities of oil emerging from the leak oil pipes must be watchedC. quality of the leak oil must be watchedD. the number of the leaking fuel lines should be checked第二组：At appropriate intervals inspection should be made of the main propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery and steering gear spaces. Any routine adjustments may then be made and malfunctions or breakdowns can be noted, reported and corrected. During these tours of inspection bilge level should be noted, piping and systems observed for leaks, and local indication instruments also be observed.Bridge orders must be promptly carried out and a record of any required changes in speed and direction should be kept. When under standby or maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unit or console should be continuously manned.Certain watchkeeping duties will be necessary for the continuous operation of equipment or plant-the transferring of fuel for instance. In addition to these regular tasksother repair or maintenance tasks may be required of the watchkeeping personnel. However no tasks should be undertaken which will interfere with the supervisory duties relating to the main machinery and associated equipment.During the watch a log or record will be taken of the various parameters of main and auxiliary equipment. Fuel consumption figures are used to determine the efficiency ofoperation, in addition to providing a check on the available bunker quantities. Lubrication oil tank levels to some extent indicates engine oil consumption. If the sump level were to rise this would indicate water leakage into the oil and an investigation into the cause must be made. The engine exhaust temperature reading should all be about the same to indicate an equal power production from each cylinder. The various temperature and pressure values for the cooling water and lubrication oil should be at, or near to, the manufacturer’s designed values for the particular speed or fuel lever settings.(The following questions are based on the passage above)73.The first paragraph mainly about ______.A. what should be done during the watchB. what should be done during tours of inspectionC. what the duty personnel should do when they begin their watchD. all of the above74.The watchkeeping personnel ______.A. should note bilge levelB. should observe piping for leaksC. should undertake required tasks not affecting their supervisory dutiesD. All of the above are true75.Fuel consumption figures are used to ______.A. determine the efficiency of operationB. provide a check on the available bunker quantitiesC. Both A and B are trueD. Neither A nor B is true76.The fourth paragraph is mainly about ______.A. why certain parameters should be recordedB. where to get these readingsC. the purpose to log the sump levelD. all of the above三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）77.在港口国监督检查中，根据SOLAS 74，下列缺陷可以作为船舶滞留的明显理由：推进及其他关键设备，包括电气装置，不能进行正确操作。