西方经济学_名词翻译_英中对照_A-Z顺序整理版

2011考研宏微观经济学重要术语英汉对照检索表AAbsolute advantage 绝对优势Absolute income hypothesis of consumption 绝对收入消费理论Accelerator 加速数Accelerator priniciple 加速原理Action lag 政策时滞Active deposit 活期存款Adaptive expectation 适应性预期Adverse selection 逆向选择Aggregate analysis 总量分析Aggregate demand 总需求Aggregate demand(AD) curve 总需求曲线Aggregate supply 总供给Aggregate supply(AS) curve 总供给曲线Allocation of resources 资源配置Antitrust law 反托拉斯法Arc elasticity 弧弹性Asset 资产Asymmetric information信息不对称Auctioneer 拍卖人Austrian school 奥地利学派Automatic stabilizer 自动稳定器Autonomous planned investment 自主投资Average cost 平均成本Average fixed cost 平均不变成本Average product 平均产量Average propensity to consume 平均消费倾向Average propensity to saving 平均储蓄倾向Average revenue 平均收益Average total cost 平均总成本Average variable cost 平均可变成本BBalanced-output 均衡产出Balance of international payment 国际收支平衡Balanced budget 均衡预算Balanced budget multiplier均衡预算乘数Bank reserves 银行准备金Barter 物物交换Base year 基年Black market 黑市Bonds 债券BP curve BP曲线Breakeven point 收支相抵点Budget,balanced 平衡的预算Budget deficit 预算赤字Budget line 预算线Budget surplus 预算盈余Built-in stabilizers 内在稳定器Business fluctuation 经济波动Business cycle 经济周期CCapital 资本Capital deeping 资本深化Capital market 资本市场Capital-output ratio 资本-产出比Capital widening 资本广化Cardinal utility theory 基数效用论Cartel 卡特尔Central bank 中央银行Checking account 支票账户(或活期存款) Classical economics 古典经济学Clearing market 出清市场Coase theorem 科斯定理Cobb-Douglas production function 柯布-道格拉斯生产函数Cobweb model 蛛网模型Collusion 串(共)谋(用于寡头市场分析) Commercial bank 商业银行Common resource 公共资源Common stock 普通股票Comparative cost theory 比较成本说Comparative static analysis 比较静态分析Compensated budget line 补偿预算线Competition 竞争Competitive market 竞争性市场Complement goods 互补品Complete information 完全信息Condition for efficiency in exchange 交换的最优条件Condition for efficiency in production 生产的最优条件Constant cost industry 成本不变行业Constant returns to scale 规模收益(或报酬)不变Consumer 消费者Consumer price index(CPI) 消费者价格指数Consumer sovereignty 消费者统治Consumer surplus 消费者剩余Consumer’s equilibrium 消费者均衡Consumer’s preference 消费者的偏好Consumption 消费Consumption demand 消费需求Consumption function 消费函数Consumption price index 消费物价指数Contract curve 契约曲线Corporate income tax 公司所得税Corporation 公司Cost 成本Cost-benefit analysis 成本-收益分析Cost-push inflation 成本推动型的通货膨胀Cost function 成本函数Cournot model 古诺模型Credit 信贷Cross price elasticity of demand 需求的交叉弹性Crowding out 挤出效应Cyclical unemployment 周期性失业DDecreasing cost industry 成本递减行业Decreasing returns to scale 规模收益(或报酬)递减Deflation 通货收缩Demand 需求Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀Demand curve 需求曲线Demand for money 货币需求Demand function 需求函数Demand price 需求价格Demand schedule 需求表Depreciation 折旧Depression 萧条Derived demand 引致需求Devaluation 贬值Differentiated oligopoly industry 差别寡头行业Diminishing returns 边际报酬递减Discounting 贴现Discount rate 贴现率Discretionary 相机抉择Discretionary fiscal policy 斟酌使用的财政政策Disequilibrium 非均衡Disinvestment 负投资Disposable personal income(DPI) 可支配收入Dissaving 负储蓄Distribution 分配Distribution theory of marginal productivity 边际生产率分配论Downward-sloping-demand,law of 需求向下倾斜规律Duopoly 双头垄断Durable goods 耐用品Dynamic analysis 动态分析Dynamic models 动态模型EEasy money policy 扩张性货币政策Economies of scale 规模经济Economic development 经济发展Economic efficiency 经济效率Economic growth 经济增长Economic man 经纪人Economic model 经济模型Economic profit 经济利润Economic rent 经济租金Economic stabilization policy 经济稳定政策Economics of information 信息经济学Edgeworth box 埃奇渥斯盒Effects of fiscal policy 财政政策效果Effects of monetary policy 货币财政效果Effective demand 有效需求Efficiency 效率Elastic demand 有弹性的需求Elasticity 弹性Elasticity of demand 需求弹性Endogenous variable 内生变量Endogenous growth 内生增长Engel curve 恩格尔曲线Engel’s law 恩格尔定律Entrepreneur 企业家Entrepreneurship 企业家才能Envelope curve 包络线Equation of cost 成本方程Equation of exchange 交易方程Equilibrium 均衡Equilibrium output 均衡产出Equilibrium growth 均衡增长Equilibrium of capital market 资本市场的均衡Equilibrium price 均衡价格Equilibrium quantity 均衡数量Euler theorem 欧拉定理Excess reserve 超额准备金Excess reserve ratio 超额准备率Exchange 交换Exchange contract curve 交换的契约曲线Exchange rate 汇率Exclusion principle 排他性原则Existence of general equilibrium 一般均衡的存在性Exogenous variable 外生变量Expansion path 扩展线Expectation 预期Expected utility 期望效用Expenditure method 支出法Explicit cost 显性成本Export 出口External diseconomies 外部不经济External economies 外部经济External effects or Externalities 外部影响(外在性)FFactor demand 要素需求Factor demand curve 要素需求曲线Factor demand curve of market 市场对要素的需求曲线Factor demand curve of firm 厂商对要素的需求曲线Factor market 要素市场Factor supply 要素供给Factors of production 生产要素Federal Reserve System 联邦准备制度Final goods 最终产品Financial market 金融市场Financial derivatives 金融衍生品Firm 厂商Fiscal budget 财政预算Fiscal policy 财政政策Fiscal restrain 财政紧缩Fixed cost 不变成本Fixed exchange rates 固定汇率Fixed input 不变投入Flexible exchange rates 浮动汇率Flow 流量Foreign exchange 外汇Foreign trade 对外贸易Foreign trade multiplier 对外贸易乘数Free rider 免费乘车者Free trade 自由贸易Frictional unemployment 摩擦性失业Full employment 充分就业Full-employment budget surplus 充分就业预算盈余Functional finance 功能财政Future 期货GGalloping inflation 奔腾式通货膨胀Game theory 博弈论GDP deflator 国内生产总值平减指数General equilibrium 一般均衡General equilibrium position 一般均衡状态Giffen goods 吉芬物品Gini coefficient 基尼系数Golden rules of economic growth 经济增长的黄金律Government expenditure multiplier 政府支出乘数Government purchase 政府购买Government regulation 政府管制Gross domestic product(GDP) 国内生产总值Gross national product(GNP) 国民生产总值Gross investment 总投资HHigh-powered money 高能货币Human capital 人力资本Hyperinflation 超级通货膨胀H-O model H-O模型IIS curve IS曲线IS-LM analysis IS-LM分析IS-LM-BP Model IS-LM-BP模型Ideal output 理想的产量Identity between saving and investment 储蓄-投资衡等式Imperfect competition 不完全竞争Implicit cost 隐含成本Imports 进口Impossibility theorem 不可能定理Income 收入Income elasticity of demand 需求的收入弹性Income effect 收入效应Income method 收入法Income theory 收入理论Income velocity of money 货币的收入流通速度Increasing cost industry 成本递增行业Increasing returns to scale 规模收益(或报酬)递增Index number 指数Indifference curve 无差异曲线Indirect taxes 间接税Individual analysis 个量分析Induced investment 引致投资Industry 行业Inefficiency of monopoly 垄断的低效率Inelasticity 缺乏弹性Inferior good 抵档物品Inferior goods 劣等品Inflation 通货膨胀Innovation 创新Input 投入Input-output 投入-产出Input-output analysis 投入-产出分析Instrument of fiscal control 财政政策工具Instrument of monetary control or Monetary policy tool货币政策工具Insurance 保险Interest 利息Interest rate 利率Interest rate elasticity 利率弹性Intermediate cycle 中周期Intermediate goods 中间产品International division of labour 国际分工Inventory investment 存货投资Investment 投资Investment demand 投资需求Investment function 投资函数Investment multiplier 投资乘数Investment tax credit 投资税抵免Invisible hand theorem 看不见的手定理Involuntary unemployment 非自愿失业Isocline 等斜线Isocost line 等成本线Isoquant curve 等产量曲线JJuglar cycle 朱拉格周期KKeynes’s law 凯恩斯定律Keynesian economics 凯恩斯主义经济学Keynesian revolution 凯恩斯革命Keynesianism 凯恩斯主义Keynesian trop 凯恩斯陷阱Kinked demand curve 弯折的需求曲线Kitchin cycle 基尼系数Kondretieff cycle 康德拉耶夫周期LLM curve LM曲线Labor 劳动Labor theory of value 劳动价值论Laissez faire 自由放任Land 土地Land price 土地价格Lausanne school 洛桑学派Law of diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减规律Least-cost production 最低成本生产Liabilities 负债Life cycle hypothesis 生命周期假说Life-cycle hypothesis of consumption消费的生命周期理论Liquidity preference 流动性偏好Liquidity trap 流动性陷阱Long cycle 长周期Long run 长期Long run consumption decision 长期消费决策Lorenz curve 洛伦兹曲线Lottery ticket 彩票Low inflation 温和的通货膨胀Luxury 奢侈品MMacroeconomics 宏观经济学Marginal cost 边际成本Marginal cost of factor 边际要素成本Marginal efficiency of capital(MEC) 资本边际效率Marginal efficiency of investment 投资边际效率Marginal product 边际产量Marginal productivity 边际生产率Marginal propensity to consume 边际消费倾向Marginal propensity to save 边际储蓄倾向Marginal rate of substitution of commodities边际商品替代率Marginal rate of technical substitution边际技术替代率Marginal rate of transformation 边际转换率Marginal revenue 边际收益Marginal revenue product 边际收益产品Marginal utility 边际效用Market 市场Market failures 市场失灵Market structure 市场结构Menu cost 菜单成本Merchantilism 重商主义Microeconomics 微观经济学Misery index 痛苦指数Model 模型Monetarism 货币主义Monetary base 基础货币Monetary-fiscal policy mix 政策的混合使用Monetary illusion 货币幻觉Monetary policy 货币政策Money 货币Money markets 货币市场Money multiplier 货币乘数Money supply 货币供给Monopolistic competition 垄断竞争Monopoly 垄断/卖方垄断Monopsony 买方垄断Moral hazard 道德风险Moral suasion 道义上的劝告Mortgage credit 抵押贷款Multiplier 乘数Multiplier effect 乘数效应Multiplier-accelerator interaction 乘数-加速数相互作用Multiplier theory 乘数理论NNash equilibrium 纳什均衡National income(NI) 国民收入Natural monopoly 自然垄断Natural rate of unemployment 自然失业率Natural supply 自然供给Necessity 必需品Net domestic products，NDP 国内生产净值Net exports 净出口Net investment 净投资New-Austrian school 新奥地利学派New-Cambridge school 新剑桥学派New-Classic school 新古典学派New- Classical synthesis 新古典综合派New- Classical growth model 新古典增长模型New- Keynesian school 新凯恩斯学派New institution school 新制度学派Nominal GDP 名义GDP Normal goods 正常物品Normal profits 正常利润Normative economics 规范经济学OOkun’s law 奥肯定律Oligopoly 寡头垄断Oligopoly market 寡头市场Open market operation 公开市场操作Opportunity cost 机会成本Optimality of general equilibrium 一般均衡最优性Optimum plant size 最优生产规模Option 期权Ordinal utility theory 序数效用论PParameter 参数Pareto criterion 帕累托标准Pareto efficiency 帕累托效率Pareto improvement 帕累托改进Pareto optimality 帕累托最优Partial equilibrium 局部均衡Payment or Expenditure 支出Perfect competition market 完全竞争市场Perfect elasticity 完全弹性Perfect inelasticity 完全无弹性Permanent income hypothesis 永久收入假说Permanent income hypothesis of Consumption永久收入消费理论Personal income(PI) 个人收入Personal income tax 个人所得税Personal disposable income 个人可支配收入Philips curve 菲利普斯曲线Point elasticity 点弹性Positive economics 实证经济学Potential GDP 潜在的GDP Preference 偏好Present value 现值Price-consumption curve 价格-消费曲线Price discrimination 价格歧视Price elasticity of demand 需求的价格弹性Price elasticity of supply 供给的价格弹性Price expansion path 价格扩展线Price index 价格指数Price rigidity 价格刚性Price stabilization 价格稳定Price theory 价格理论Principal-agent 委托-代理Prisoner’s dilemma 囚徒困境Private cost 私人成本Private goods 私人物品Producer 生产者Producer surplus 生产者剩余Product function 生产函数Product differentiation 产品差别Product markets 产品市场Production contract curve 生产的契约曲线Production group 生产集团Production possibility curve 生产可能性曲线Productivity 生产率(力)Profit 利润Progressive tax 累进税Proportional tax 比例税Prosperity 繁荣Public choice 公共选择Public debt 公债Public goods 公共物品Purchasing power parity 购买力平价Pure oligopoly industry 纯粹寡头行业QQuantity equation of exchange 货币数量交易方程Quantity theory of money 货币数量论Quasi-rent 准租金Quotas 配额RRate of rediscount policy 再贴现率政策Rational expectations 理性预期Rational man 理性人Real GDP 实际GDP(实际国内生产总值)Real interest rate 实际利率Real wages 实际工资Real business cycle 实际经济周期Recession 衰退Regressive tax 累退税Relative income hypothesis 相对收入假说Relative income hypothesis of consumption相对收入消费理论Rent 地租/租金Rent-seeking 寻租Replacement investment 重置投资Reputation 信誉Required reserves orLegal reserve 法定准备金Reserve 准备金Reserve rate 准备率Revenue 收益Rigid price 刚性价格Risk 风险Risk averter 风险回避着Risk lover 风险爱好者Risk neutral 风险中立者SSaving 储蓄Say’s law 萨伊定律Scarcity 稀缺Second best 次优Security market 证券市场Service 劳务Short cycles 短周期Short run 短期Single rule 单一规则Social cost 社会成本Social walfare function 社会福利函数Speculative demand 投机需求Stability of general equilibrium 一般均衡的稳定性Stagflation 滞胀Staggered contracts 交错合同Static analysis 静态分析Static model 静态模型Sticky wages 粘性工资Sticky price 粘性价格Stock 存量/股票Structural unemployment 结构性失业Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀Subsidy 津贴Substitutes 替代品Substitution effect 替代效应Supply 供给Supply curve 供给曲线Supply curve of factor 要素供给曲线Supply curve of labor 劳动供给曲线Supply curve of land 土地供给曲线Supply curve of capital 资本供给曲线Supply economics 供给经济学Supply function 供给函数Supply-side School 供给学派Supply schedule 供给表System of material product balances 物质产品平衡体系System of national accounts 国民经济核算体系TTariff 关税Tatonnement process “试探”过程Tax multiplier 税收乘数Technological advance 技术进步Tight-money policy 紧缩性货币政策Time deposit 定期存款Time inconsistency 时间不一致性The precautionary motive 谨慎动机(或预防动机) The rate of unemployment 失业率The speculative motive 投机动机The transactional motive 交易动机Theory of economics of scale 规模经济理论Tobin’s theory 拖宾的”q”说Total cost 总成本Total fixed cost 总不变成本Total product 总产量Total revenue 总收益Total utility 总效用Total variable cost 总可变成本Transactions costs 交易成本Transactions demand 交易需求Treasury bills 国库券UUncertainty 不确定性Undistributed profit 未分配利润Unemployment 失业Unintended investment 非意愿的投资Uniqueness of general equilibrium 一般均衡的唯一性Unitary elasticity 单一弹性Utility 效用Utility function 效用函数Utility possibility curve 效用可能性曲线VValue of marginal product 边际产品价值Velocity of money 货币流通速度Variable cost 可变成本Variable input 可变投入Voluntary unemployment 自愿失业Vulgar economics 庸俗经济学WWage 工资Walras general equilibrium 瓦尔拉斯一般均衡Wealth 财富Welfare 福利Welfare economics 福利经济学Wholesale price index 批发物价指数XYZ。