虚拟语气高频考点

虚拟语气高频考点

高频一：三种基本形式

1.与现在事实相反的假设

构成：If 主语+动词过去式（did/were），主语should/would/could +动词原形

e.g. If I were y ou, I would seize the chance to go abroad.

2. 与过去事实相反的假设

构成：If 主语+had done, 主语should/would/could/might have done.

e.g. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.

3. 与将来事实相反的假设

构成：If 主语动词过去式，主语should/would/could/might +动词原形

were to +动词原形

should +v(动词原形)

e.g. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing..

If it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

If it rained tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

注意: (1)基本句式的变体-------倒装兼省略

现在：If I were at school again, I would study harder.

Were I at school again, I would study harder. (Were I not at school,…)

过去：If you had come earlie r, you would have caught the bus. ▲

Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus.

将来：If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

(2)错综时间条件句（混合虚拟）

e.g. If you had just followed my advice, you would be better now.

▲

If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.

高频二：含蓄条件句（含特殊词的虚拟语气）▲

1.在without, but for(要不是。。。), otherwise, if only, as if 等句子中，使用虚拟语气。

e.g. But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.

I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.

If only I were a flying bird!(现在) 我要是一只鸟该多好啊！

▲

If only I had seen the film!(过去) 我要是看了那部电影该多好啊！

▲

He looks as if he were an artist.(现在) 他看起来像个艺术家。

She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America.(过去)

她讲英语如此流利，好象她在美国学习过英语。

2.从句中的虚拟语气

⑴宾语从句：①wish，would rather/prefer, as if后的宾语从句，使用虚拟语气

e.g. I wish I were a bird and could fly in the sky.(宾语从句与wish同时)

我希望我是只小鸟能在天空飞翔。

I wish I had met that film star yesterday.(宾语从句动作先于wish)

我希望昨天见到那个影星了。

I would rather they didn’t hear of the news. (对现在或将来的虚拟)

我宁愿他们没听到那个消息。

I would rathe r I had not told him the bad news.（对过去的虚拟）

我宁愿没告诉他那个坏消息。

②用于表示建议，愿望，命令等动词后的宾语从句中，常见的动词有：demand,

order, require, insist, suggest, propose, advise, request, urge, command, desire,

recommend 等，虚拟结构为“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。

e.g. He suggested that we should start off early the next day.

They insisted that the boy should go with them.

记忆小窍门：一坚持（insist）; 二命令（order, command）;

三建议（advise, suggest, propose）;四要求（require, request, demand, desire）注意：suggest在表示“建议”时，用虚拟语气，但表示“暗示，表明”时，不用虚拟。

insist 在表示“坚持要求”时，用虚拟，但“坚持说，坚持认为”时，不用虚拟

e.g. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.

他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。

The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.

那个人坚持说他没有偷钱。

（2）主语从句

It is desired/suggested/recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural/ a

pity/essential that从句中，使用虚拟语气should +v （动词原形）

e.g. It is suggested t hat the meeting should be put off till next week.

It is important that we should protect our environment.

(3) 表语从句和同位语从句

在suggestion, proposal, order, plan , idea, request, advice 等名词后的表语及同位语从句中，用虚拟语气

e.g. My idea is t hat we should think it over before accepting it.

We all agreed to his suggestion that we should go to Dalian for sightseeing.

3. 特殊句式

It is (high/right) time that…..句型中，使用虚拟语气should +v (动词原形)

e.g. It is high time that you went t o school.

It is high time that we should start out. (此句中should 不能省)