PLC控制梭式窑燃烧系统设计

PLC控制梭式窑燃烧系统设计

摘要

近年来来随着电力电子技术的发展，梭式窑的控制上也越来越多的应用自动化的控制技术。梭式窑燃烧系统是由燃气燃烧器（烧嘴）、燃气阀组、助燃风机、流量计、压力变送器、点火装置、燃气/空气压力检测装置、火焰监控装置等组成，确保系统在安全、合理的情况下稳定运行。由温度控制系统、燃烧控制系统、压力控制系统、故障报警系统等组成。

本文以梭式窑燃烧控制系统为主要研究目标，在深入研究了梭式窑燃烧的工作过程，详细分析了控制系统的需求后，结合PLC的应用对梭式窑燃烧的控制系统进行了设计研究，针对梭式窑炉运行过程中温度分布不均匀、压力调节繁琐、气氛不可控及抗扰能力差等问题，通过对炉内燃气热值数据分析得出数值模型，结合专家系统在各类温度控制系统中的优点，提出了模糊PID控制算法控制相结合的控制方法。对窑内温度的控制利用了PID的控制方式，引入了先进的控制算法，利用模糊控制算法对控制系统做了优化设计，系统的动态响应快对系统的控制效果好。系统能够根据各个传感器检测到的信息数据传送到控制中心进行决策，PLC根据这些变化的电信号，输出变频器控制信号控制相关的电机的工作状态，完成系统的自动化工作，设计的控制系统自动化水平高，应用前景较大，具有很高的现实意义。

关键词：梭式窑，PLC，模糊PID，温度控制，

Abstract

In recent years, with the development of power electronics technology, more and more automated control technologies have been applied to the control of shuttle kiln. The shuttle kiln combustion system is composed of a gas burner (burner), a gas valve group, a combustion air blower, a flow meter, a pressure transmitter, an ignition device, a gas/air pressure detecting device, a flame monitoring device, etc., to ensure that the system is safe. Stable operation under reasonable conditions. It consists of a temperature control system, a combustion control system, a pressure control system, and a fault alarm system.

In this paper, the shuttle kiln combustion control system is the main research goal. After studying the working process of shuttle kiln combustion in detail, after analyzing the requirements of the control system in detail, combined with the application of PLC, the control system of the shuttle kiln combustion control system is designed. For the problem of uneven temperature distribution, cumbersome pressure regulation, uncontrollable atmosphere and poor anti-interference ability during the operation of the shuttle kiln, the numerical model is obtained by analyzing the calorific value data of the furnace gas, combined with the expert system at various temperatures. The advantages of the control system are proposed, and the control method combined with fuzzy PID control algorithm control is proposed. The control of the temperature in the kiln utilizes the PID control method, introduces an advanced control algorithm, and uses the fuzzy control algorithm to optimize the control system. The dynamic response of the system is fast and the control effect of the system is good. The system can transmit the information data detected by each sensor to the control center for decision. According to these changed electrical signals, the PLC outputs the inverter control signal to control the working state of the relevant motor, completes the automation of the system, and designs the automation level of the control system. High, the application prospect is large, and has a high practical significance.