民商法翻译常用词汇
法律英语常用词汇大全民事法律
法律英语常用词汇大全------民事法律法律渊源source of law制定法statute判例法case law; precedent普通法common law特别法special law固有法native law; indigenous law继受法adopted law实体法substantial law程序法procedural law原则法fundamental law例外法exception law司法解释judicial interpretation习惯法customary law公序良俗public order and moral自然法natural law罗马法Roman Law私法private law公法public law市民法jus civile万民法jus gentium民法法系civil law system英美法系system of Anglo-American law大陆法系civil law system普通法common law大陆法continental law罗马法系Roman law system英吉利法English law衡平法equity; law of equity日尔曼法Germantic law教会法ecclesiastical law寺院法canon law伊斯兰法Islamic law民法法律规范norm of civil law授权规范authorization norm禁止规范forbidding norm义务性规范obligatory norm命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality自愿原则principle of free will公平原则principle of justice等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith行为act作为act不作为omission合法行为lawful act违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right绝对权absolute right相对权relative right优先权right of priority先买权preemption原权antecedent right救济权right of relief支配权right of dominion请求权right of claim物上请求权right of claim for real thing形成权right of formation撤销权right of claiming cancellation否认权right of claiming cancellation解除权right of renouncement代位权subrogated right选择权right of choice承认权right of admission终止权right of termination抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权tested right期待权expectant right专属权exclusive right非专属权non-exclusive right人身权利personal right人权human right人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health姓名权right of name名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture自由权right of freedom名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy私生活秘密权right of privacy贞操权virginity right身份权right of status亲权parental power; parental right亲属权right of relative探视权visitation right配偶权right of spouse荣誉权right of honor权利的保护protection of right公力救济public protection私力救济self-protection权利本位standard of right社会本位standard of society无责任行为irresponsible right正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为act of defence自为行为self-conducting act紧急避险act of rescue; necessity自助行为act of self-help不可抗力force majeure意外事件accident行为能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will民事行为civil act意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus 完全行为能力perfect capacity for act限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person保佐protection自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力incapacity for act禁治产人interdicted person自然人natural person公民citizen住所domicile居所residence经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register监护guardianship个体工商户individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership入伙join partnership退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业partnership business establishment个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person特别合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership有限合伙limited partnership民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship法人legal person企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise个人独资企业individual business establishment国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise社团法人legal body of mass organization财团法人legal body of financial group联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management 合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award 实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act主民事法律行为principal civil legal act从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为conditional civil legal act附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act无效行为ineffective act可撤销民事行为revocable civil act违法行为illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为tort欺诈fraud胁迫duress乘人之危taking advantage of others’ precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention 恶意串通malicious collaboration重大误解gross misunderstanding显失公平obvious unjust误传misrepresentation代理agency本人principal被代理人principal受托人trustee代理人agent本代理人original agent法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent委托代理人agent by mandate指定代理人designated agent复代理人subagent再代理人subagent转代理人subagent代理权right of agency授权行为act of authorization授权委托书power of attorney代理行为act of agency委托代理agency by mandate本代理original agency复代理subagency次代理subagency有权代理authorized agency表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency律师代理agency by lawyer普通代理general agency全权代理general agency全权代理委托书general power of attorney共同代理joint agency独家代理sole agency居间brokerage居间人broker行纪commission; broker house信托trust时效time limit; prescription; limitation时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation时效中断interruption of limitation/prescription时效延长extension of limitation取得时效acquisitive prescription时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription 期日date期间term涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements冲突规范rule of conflict准据法applicable law; governing law反致renvoi; remission转致transmission识别identification公共秩序保留reserve of public order法律规避evasion of law国籍nationality国有化nationalization法律责任legal liability民事责任civil liability/responsibility行政责任administrative liability/responsibility刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility违约责任liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimited liability按份责任shared/several liability连带责任joint and several liability过失责任liability for negligence; negligent liability过错责任fault liability; liability for fault单独过错sole fault共同过错joint fault混合过错mixed fault被害人过错victim’s fault第三人过错third party’s fault推定过错presumptive fault恶意bad faith; malice故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness过失negligence重大过失gross negligence疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence 过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption 损害事实facts of damage有形损失tangible damage/loss无形损失intangible damage/loss财产损失property damage/loss人身损失personal damage/loss精神损失spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability 停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle 消除危险elimination of danger返还财产restitution of property恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss支付违约金payment of liquidated damage消除影响eliminate ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s reputation赔礼道歉extend a formal apology物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right物权制度real right system; right in rem system一物一权原则the principal of One thing, One Right物权法定主义principal of legality of right in rem物权公示原则principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法jus rerem物property生产资料raw material for production生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsistence流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce限制流通物limited merchantable thing禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce 资产asset固定资产fixed asset流动资产current asset; floating asset动产movables; chattel不动产immovable; real estate特定物res certae; a certain thing种类物genus; indefinite thing可分物res divisibiles; divisible things不可分物res indivisibiles; indivisible things主物res capitalis; a principal thing从物res accessoria; an accessory thing原物original thing孳息fruits天然孳息natural fruits法定孳息legal fruits无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods 遗失物lost property漂流物drifting object埋藏物fortuna; hidden property货币currency证券securities债券bond物权分类classification of right in rem/real right自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership所有权dominium; ownership; title所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership使用权right of use; right to use of收益权right to earnings; right to yields处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi善意占有possession in good faith恶意占有malicious possession按份共有several possession共同共有joint possession他物权jus in re aliena用益物权real right for usufruct使用权right to use; right of use土地使用权right to the use of land林权forest ownership采矿权mining ownership经营权managerial authority; power of management承包经营权right to contracted management相邻权neighboring right; relatedright地上权superficies永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 地役权servitude; easement人役权servitus personarum; personal servitude担保物权real right for security物的担保security for thing物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of a thing抵押权hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage抵押权的设定creation of right to mortgage抵押人mortgagor抵押权人mortgagee抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage抵押权的次序sequence of right to mortgage抵押权的抛弃abandonment of right to mortgage抵押权的让及alienation of right to mortgage抵押权的实现materialization of right to mortgage抵押权的消灭extinction of right tomortgageregistration of estate under mortgage抵押物登记registration of estate under mortgage抵押优先权priority of mortgage留置权lien一般留置权general lien特别留置权special lien质权hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge佃权tenant right债权jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim; creditor’s right 债权人creditor债务人debtor相对人counterpart; offeree给付give; pay债务debt; liability; obligation债务的偿还payment of debt债务的偿清discharge of debt债务的担保guarantee of debt债务的合并consolidation of debt债务的给付日期debt maturity债务的免除exemption of debt债的分类obligatio; obligation法定之债legal obligation任意之债voluntary obligation简单之债simple obligation选择之债alternative obligation主债prime/principal obligation从债accessory obligation单一之债single obligation按份之债several obligation连带之债joint obligation特定之债certain obligation种类之债indefinite obligation合同之债contractual obligation侵权行为之债tort obligation损害赔偿之债obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages 人身损害damage to person精神损害moral/mental/spiritual damage医药费hospital treatment expense医疗费medical charge抚恤金pension慰问金consolation money产品瑕疵defect of product不当得利unjust enrichment无因管理voluntary service债的担保guarantee of obligation财产担保property guarantee信用担保credit guarantee让及担保alienation guarantee保证guaranty明示保证express guaranty默示保证implied guaranty保证人guarantor保证合同contract of guaranty/suretyship保证金guaranty bond; security deposit押金deposit; foregift预付款advanced payment定金earnest money; deposit违约金liquidated damages法定违约金liquidated damages by law约定违约金liquidated damages by agreement 债的履行performance of obligation实际履行原则doctrine of specific performance情事变更原则doctrine of change of circumstances不当履行misfeasance清偿discharge; satisfaction提存debtor’s submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority 抵销setoff知识产权intellectual property知识产权国际保护international protection of intellectual property国民待遇原则doctrine of national treatment优先权原则a right of priority doctrine自动保护原则doctrine of automatic protection特许权使用费royalties智力成果intellectual property著作权copyright版权copyright著作权人copyright owner创作creation作品opus; product; work著作人格权right of personality of copyright发表权right of publication署名权right of authorship; right of paternity修改权right of modification; right of revision完整性保持权right to maintain integrity不可侵犯权inviolability收回权right of recall; right of retrieval自费出版publish a book at the author’s own expense著作财产权property right in work使用收益分享权right to share usufruct利用权right to make use of获得报酬权right to get payment重播权right of rebroadcasting录制权right of fixation机械复制权right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction 著作邻接权neighboring right of copyright剽窃plagiary; plagiarism盗版pirate盗版VCD pirated VCD伪造forge工业产权industrial property专利权patent right优先权日priority date申请在先原则prior application rule使用在先priority of use新颖性novelty创造性creativity实用性practicability发明创造invention and creation实用新型utility model外观设计design; industrial design发明权right of invention发现权right of discovery专利申请patent application专利异议objection to a patent专利公告patent gazette专利续展费renewal fee of patent专利许可协议patent licensing agreement技术诀窍know-how专有技术know-how专利证书certificate of patent专利事务所patent office专利代理patent agency中华人民共和国专利局Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China 商标权trademark right商标国际注册international registration of trademark商品商标commodity trademark服务商标service trademark驰名商标reputed trademark广告商标advertisement trademark近似商标similar trademark商标评审委员会trade review and appraisal board商标审查trademark examination商标侵权trademark infringement商标注册registered trademark商标公告trademark gazette注册商标使用许可licensing of registered trademark注册商标转让assignment of registered trademark商标使用许可协议trademark licensing agreement商标事务所trademark office商标代理trademark agency婚姻、家庭、继承、收养marriage, family, inheritance, adoption 婚姻法marital law; marriage law包办婚姻arranged marriage财产分割partition; dismemberment of property重婚bigamy独生子女only child法律婚legal marriage非婚生子女illegitimate child夫妻共同财产community property夫妻关系conjugal relationship夫妻分居divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board 复婚resumption of marriage感情破裂incompatibility婚后财产公证notarization of postnuptial properties 婚姻登记marriage registration婚生子女ligitimate child计划生育birth control结婚marry离婚divorce买卖婚姻mercenary marriage拟制血亲blood relations in fiction of law旁系血亲collateral relation blood relation涉外婚姻marriage with foreign elements配偶spouse事实婚de facto marriage诉讼离婚divorce by litigation探视权visitation right同居cohabitation晚婚late marriage无效婚姻void marriage协议离婚divorce by agreement一夫一妻制monogamy早婚early marriage直系血亲lineal descent自然血亲natural blood relation收养法adoption law收养协议adoption agreement收养人adoptive parent送养人person or institution placing out a child for adoption 涉外收养adoption with foreign elements继承法inheritance law; law of succession法定继承legal seccession遗嘱继承intestate succession遗赠继承succession by devise自然继承natural succession代位继承representation; succession by subrogation世袭继承hereditary succession间接继承indirect succession转继承subsuccession共同继承joint succession单独继承single succession继承人heir; successor第二顺序继承人successor second in order第一顺序继承人successor first in order继承参及人succession participant遗产inheritance; heritage遗产继承人heir to property; inheritor遗言last will and testament遗书last words遗赠bequest; legacy; devise遗赠抚养协议legacy-support ageement四、商事法律会计法accounting law税法tax law; taxation law反不正当竞争法anti-unfair competition law消费者权益保护法consumer’s interest protection law 产品责任法production liability law消费者权益法consumer rights and interests law公司法company law; corporate law公司company; corporation有限责任公司limited liability company股份有限公司company limited by shares无限公司unlimited company股份两合公司joint stock limited liability partnership 两合公司joint liability company控股公司holding company集团公司group company合资公司joint venture company联营公司associated company; affiliated company国营公司state-own company国有公司state-owned company民营公司civilian-run company本国公司national/domestic company外国公司foreign company上市公司listed company母公司parent company子公司subsidiary皮包公司briefcase company; fundless company募集设立incorporation by stock floatation发起人floater; initiator公司名称name of company公司住址domicile of company出资contribution; capital subscription现金出资investment in cash实物出资investment in kind工业产权出资investment in industrial property right 非专有技术出资investment in non-patent technology 劳务出资investment in labor高新技术成果出资investment in hi-tech achievements 注册资本registered capital实缴资本paid-in capital验资报告capital verification report会计师事务所certified public accountants注册会计师certified public accountant资本三原则three doctrine of capital资本确定原则doctrine of capital determination资本维持原则doctrine of capital maintenance资本不变原则doctrine of unchanging capital最低资本额制度minimum capital system公司章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 公司登记incorporation; corporate registration公司存续existence of company公司合并分立merger and split of company公司并购corporate merger and acquisition公司管理corporate governance; company management公司法律顾问corporate counsel公司整顿company rectification公司歇业closure of business公司和解company composition公司解散company dissolution公司清算company liquidation公司清理company winding-up竞业禁止non-commpete; competition prohibition招股章程prospectus股本stock capital股东shareholder股东大会shareholders’ meeting股东大会决议resolution of shareholders’ meeting股东大会议事规则rule of procedure of shareholders’ meeting表决权voting right; right to vote董事director董事长president/chairman of the board首席执行官chief executive officer(CEO)首席运营官chief operation officer(COO)执行董事executive director常务董事managing director董事会board of directors董事会领导下的经理负责制responsibility system of the chief executive officer under the leadership of the board of directors 经理独立负责制manager independent responsibility system监事supervisor监事会board of supervisors股share; stock普通股common stock特别股special stock资格股qualification stock优先股preferred stock劣后股inferior stock表决权股stock with voting power溢价股premium stock折价股converting stock国家股state-owned share集体股collective share法人股corporate share企业股enterprise share个人股individual share股息dividend红股bonus stock; dividend stock法定公积金legal accumulation fund资本公积金capital accumulation fund 盈余公积金surplus accumulation fund 任意公积金optional accumulation fund 公司犯罪corporate crime证券法securities law证券发行issuance of securities证券上市list securities; float an issue 证券交易所stock exchange证券商securities dealer证券公司securities company证券承销商consortium of underwriters 证券承销合同underwriting contract证券经纪人securities broker披露制度disclosing system交割日closing date风险投资基金venture capital fund上海证券交易所Shanghai Stock Exchange深圳证券交易所Shenzhen Stock Exchange证券监督委员会securities supervision committee 票据法law of negotiable instrument票据notes; bills; commercial instruments商业票据bill; commercial instrument远期票据time bill;; long-dated bill到期票据matured bill即期票据sight bill记名票据bill payable to order; note to order不记名票据bearer instrument本票promissory note支票cheque汇票bill of exchange发票日ticket day出票日date of draft/issue发票地place of draft/issue票据到期日bill to mature票据金额sum of bill票面价额face value票据出票人drawer票据持票人bill holder票据承兑人bill acceptor票据行为act on commercial paper承兑票据honor a bill票据议付negotiation拒付票据protest a bill票据付款人drawee票据支付人payer on commercial instrument 票据收款人bill collector票据背书人endorser/indorser of a bill被背书人endorsee票据保证人bill guarantor票据被保证人bill pledgee/warrantee再追索人renewed recourser前手remote holder后手subsequent endorser票据权利right of bill票据期限term of bill; tenor票据债务人debtor of commercial instrument 追索权right of recourse票据抗辩exception to bill票据丧失loss of bill票据时效prescription of exchanges票据贴现discount of bill再贴现rediscount of bill恩惠期间term of benevolence票据代理agency for notes/bills/commercial instruments海商法maritime law船舶国籍证书certifica te of registry; certificate of ship’s nationality 船棋国flag country船舶所有权证书certificate of ship ownership船舶检验register of ship船舶保险insurance on hull船舶保险单hull insurance policy船舶登记证书certificate of registry船舶丈量tonnage measurement of ships船舶进港费groundage船舶抵押ship mortgage船舶租赁ship chartering船舶转租ship subchartering船舶所有人责任限制limitation of liabilities of ship owners船舶碰撞ship collision船舶遇难maritime distress海上灾难perils of the sea海上拖航marine towage船舶扣押detention of ship船舶债权ship’s credit船级社classification society船级证书certificate of class海上留置权maritime lien船舶留置权maritime lien船舶抵押权maritime mortgage海上优先请求权priority claim to seagoing ships救助优先权priority claim to salvage共同海损优先权priority claim to general average服务优先权priority claim to service货物损害优先权priority claim to cargo damage传播抵押借款和货物抵押借款优先权priority claim to ship credit and goods credit 海运合同shipping contract提单bill of lading(B/L)空舱费dead freight租船费charterage租船合同charter-party contract of affreightment期租船合同time charter-party; time CP航次租船合同voyage charter-party定期租船合同time charter-party光船租船合同bareboat charter-party; bareboat CP包租运输合同shipping charter-party海上旅客运输合同contract for carriage of passengers by sea远洋拖带合同contract of ocean towage港内拖带合同contract of port towage海难救助合同salvage contract海事报告master’s protest;; sea protest海事声明书sea protest海事争议maritime dispute海事法院maritime court;; admiralty court海事诉讼程序maritime proceedings船舶碰撞案件的民事管辖权civil jurisdiction of sea collision船舶碰撞案件的刑事管辖权criminal jurisdiction of sea collision海事争议的审理hearing/trial of maritime disputes海事诉讼保全措施measures for maritime attachment海事优先请求权preferential right top maritime claim海事请求保全申请书application/petition for maritime attachment海事诉讼法律文书送达service of legal instruments in maritime action/proceedings 涉外海事诉讼管辖权jurisdiction of maritime action involving for elements强制变卖被扣押船舶compulsory realization of the distrained ship海事仲裁程序规则rules of maritime arbitration procedure保险法insurance law自愿保险voluntary insurance强制保险compulsory insurance商业保险commercial insurance财产保险property insurance人身保险personal insurance人寿保险life insurance健康保险health insurance意外保险accident insurance社会保险social insurance养老保险endowment insurance医疗保险medical insurance失业保险unemployment insurance信用保险credit insurance保证保险guaranty insurance保险合同insurance contract保险人insurer; underwriter被保险人the insured受益人benificiary投保人applicant for insurance;; policy holder 保险单insurance policy保险标的insurance object保险费premium保险期限time limit of insurance保险利益insurable interest保险金额insurance; insurance compensation 保险事故insurance accident保险赔偿insurance indemnity保险代理人insurance agent保险经纪人insurance broker索赔claim代位索赔claim by subrogation理赔settlement of claim代位求偿权right of subrogation委付abandonment退保cancellation/discharging of insurance五、刑法总论刑法学criminal law; penal law犯罪学criminology犯罪心理学criminal psychology劳动改造法学reform-through-labor中国刑法史history of Chinese criminal law比较刑法学comparative criminal law刑事侦查criminal detection司法精神病学forensic psychiatry罪刑法定原则principal of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime罪刑相适应原则principal of suiting punishment to crime罪责自负原则principal of bearing responsibility solely for one’s own crime惩罚及教育相结合原则principal of combining punishment with education从旧原则the doctrine of observing old laws从新原则the doctrine of observing new laws从旧兼从轻原则the doctrine of observing old laws and new ones when with lighter punishment 从新兼从轻原则the doctrine of observing new laws and old ones when with lighter punishment追诉时效limitation of prosecution刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility刑事责任年龄age for criminal responsibility刑事责任能力criminal responsibility; capacity for criminal responsibility 犯罪crime; commit a crime故意犯罪intentional crime; willful crime过失犯罪negligent crime犯罪构成constitution of a crime犯罪主体subject of a crime犯罪客体object of a crime犯罪的主观方面subjective elements of a crime犯罪的客观方面objective elements of a crime犯罪对象target of a crime犯罪故意criminal intent; mens rea直接故意actual intent; direct intent间接故意indirect intent犯罪过失criminal negligence疏忽大意的过失careless negligence过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption不能预见unforeseeable; unpredictable不能避免unavoidable犯罪动机criminal motive犯罪目的criminal intent; criminal purpose防卫过当unjustifiable self-defense紧急避险act of rescue; necessity犯罪既遂completion of a crime犯罪未遂attempted crime犯罪形态criminal pattern犯罪预备 a crime in preparation; preparation for a crime 犯意表示expression for a crime犯罪中止abandonment/discontinuance of a crime犯罪中断suspension of a crime行为犯behavioral offence危险犯potential damage offence结果犯consequential offence结果加重犯aggregated consequential offence类推analogy。
民商法英语词汇
民商法英语词汇01(2006-11-01 14:57:57)转载分类：law english-法律英语民商法学、经济法学Civil Laws, Commercial Laws and Economic Laws按照出资比例：in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment办理注销登记：cancel the registration被代理人：the principal被侵权人 the infringed本人名义：in one’s name标的subject matter补偿制度compensation system不动产登记制Lot and Block System财产法 property law财产的添附 accretion of property; property accession财产抵押权 property mortgage财产继承权：the right of inheritance财产关系和人身关系：property relationships and personal relationships 财产管理人 property administrator; custodian of property财产混同 confusion; hotchpot财产留置权 encumbrance采用书面形式：in writing仓单 warehouse voucher草签合同 initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract长期合同 long-term contract偿付能力 solvency capability of reimbursement超越代理权：beyond the scope of one’s power of agency撤消合同cancellation of contract撤销合同 cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract撤销权 right of rescission; right of revocation撤销要约 revocation of offer; revoke an offer撤销遗赠 cancellation o will; revocationi of will承运人 actual fault of the carrier承运人的留置权carrier’s lien诚信原则 principle of good faith诚实信用原则：principle honesty and credibility; principle of honestry and good faith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle船舶承租人 charterer船舶抵押权 right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship;ship mortgage船舶抵押权的设定 establishment of mortgage of the ship船舶抵押的消灭 extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship 船舶抵押权登记 registration of ship mortgage船舶留置权 possessory lien; lien of ship村民委员会：the village committee惩罚性的损害赔偿 punitive damages乘人之危：take advantage of one’s unfavorable position处分财产 dispose of properties处分权 act of disposition处分原则 principle of disposition代理民事活动：be represented in civil activities by代理权终止：the expiration of one’s power of agency单独承担的责任 undivided responsibility单方法律行为unilateral obligation单方行政行为 unilateral administrative act等价有偿：making compensation for equal value对等原则principle of reciprocity对价consideration对抗措施counter measure对人权right in personam; personal right对世权 real right; right in rem恶意串通：conspire maliciously恶意行为ill will mala fides金融词汇的翻译上传时间:2007-12-12 浏览次数:1689字体大小：大中小acquiring company 收购公司bad loan 呆帐chart of cash flow 现金流量表clearly-established ownership 产权清晰debt to equity 债转股diversity of equities 股权多元化economy of scale 规模经济emerging economies 新兴经济exchange-rate regime 汇率机制fund and financing 筹资融资global financial architecture 全球金融体系global integration, globality 全球一体化，全球化go public 上市growth spurt （经济的）急剧增长have one's 'two commas' 百万富翁hedge against 套期保值housing mortgage 住房按揭holdings 控股，所持股份holding company 控股公司initial offerings 原始股initial public offerings 首次公募innovative business 创新企业intellectual capital 智力资本inter-bank lending 拆借internet customer 网上客户investment payoff period 投资回收期joint-stock 参股mall rat 爱逛商店的年轻人means of production 生产要素(the)medical cost social pool for major diseases 大病医疗费用社会统筹mergers and acquisitions 并购mobile-phone banking 移动电话银行业moods 人气net potato 网虫non-store seling 直销offering 新股online-banking 网上银行业online-finance 在线金融online client （银行的）网上客户paper profit 帐面收益physical assets 有形资产project fund system 项目资本金制度pyramid sale 传销recapitalize 资产重组regional corrency blocks 地区货币集团regulate 调控sell off 变现share(stock) option 期权，股票认购权smart card 智能卡slash prices 杀价spare capacity 闲置的生产能力strong growth 强劲的增长势头switch trade 转手贸易take…public 上市tap the idle assets 盘活存量资产transaction （银行的）交易transfer payment from the exchequer 财政转移支付venture-capital 风险资本virtual bank 虚拟银行wire transfer 电子转帐合同条款常用英文词汇上传时间:2007-11-14 浏览次数:1483字体大小：大中小买方 buyer卖方 seller项目名称 Project name 地址 address电话 phone传真 fax联系人 contact person本合同由买卖双方签订，根据本合同条款，买方同意购买，卖方同意出售以下产品。
商法专有名词中英文对照
中英文词汇对照之Part ACommon law and equity 普通法与衡平法Statute law 成文法Criminal law and civil law 刑法与民法Appeal 上诉Majistrate court 治安法院County court 郡法院Crown court 刑事法院High court 高等法院Court of appeal 上诉法院House of lord 上议院Indictable offence 可起诉的犯罪Summary offence 简易程序罪行Queen’s bench division 王座法庭Chancery division 大法官法庭Family division 家事法庭Small claim track 小额索赔轨道Fast claim track 快速索赔轨道Multi track 多重索赔轨道arbitration 仲裁Human right 人权法precedent 先例Binding precedent=stare decisis 先例约束Ratio decidendi 判决理由Obiter dicta 附告意见Legislation=statute law 法律、成文法parliament 议会Delegated legislation 授权立法Orders in council 委员会命令Statutory instrument 制定法文件Bye-laws 地方法规Statutory interpretation 制定法解释The literal rule 字面解释规则The golden rule 黄金规则The mischief rule 按目的解释规则Part Bcontract 合同Offer 要约Acceptance 承诺consideration 对价intention 意图capacity 合同能力Invitation to treat 要约邀请Termination of offers 要约的终止Counter-offer 反要约Revocation of an offer 撤销要约Unilateral contract 单边合同Collateral contract 附属合同（附属担保品合同）Executed consideration 已履行的对价Executory consideration 待履行的对价Past consideration 过去的对价Consideration must be sufficient but may not be adequate 对价必须充分（有价值），但不必充足Performance of exsiting duties 履行既存义务Promissory estoppel 允诺禁反言原则Domestic agreement 家庭协议Commercial agreement 商业协议Privity of contract 合同的相对性Contract terms 合同条款Express terms 明示条款Implied terms 暗示条款Conditions 条件条款Warranties 保证条款Innominate term 中间条款Exclusion clause 免责条款Has the exclusion clause been incorporated into the contract 免责条款已并入合同了吗Signature （当事人在合同上）签字Notice （提醒对方）注意（免责条款）Consistent dealing 系列交易Any uncertainty or ambiguity in the exclusion clause must be interpreted against the person seeking to rely on it 如果免责条款存在任何含糊不清之处，法院将作出不利于提出免责条款当事人的解释Discharge of contract 解除合同Breach of contract 合同违约Repudiatory breach 能够断绝合同关系的违约Anticipatory breach 预期违约Remedies for breach of contract 违约行为的补救Damages 损害赔偿Remoteness of damages 间接损失陪偿Measure of damages 直接损失陪偿Liquidated damages 实际损失penalties 惩罚Specific performance 特定履行injunction 禁令rescission 废除、取消Tort 侵权The tort of negligence 过失侵权Duty of care 审慎义务Contributory negligence 共同侵权Volentiacceptence non fit injuria=voluntary acceptance of自愿接受风险risksPart Cindemnify 补偿Dismissal 解雇redundancy 冗员Notice 通知Wrongful dismissal 非法解雇Unfair dismissal 不公平解雇Constructive dismissal 推定解雇Re-instatement 复职Re-engagement 再就业compensation 补偿Part DAgency 代理Ractification 追认Agency by estoppel 不容否认代理Actual authority 实际授权Apparent/ostensible 推定代理Warrant of authority 代理权保证Partnership 合伙Severally and jointly liable 个别及连带责任Limited partnership 有限合伙企业LLP（limited liability partnership）有限责任合伙企业Legal identity 法律身份Legal personality 法律人格Limited liability 有限责任Unlimited company 无限责任公司Limited company 有限责任公司Limited by share 依股票成立有限公司Limited by guarantee 依保证成立有限公司Private companies 私人公司Public limited companies 公众有限责任公司Registration 登记Certificate of registration 登记的资格证书Trading certificate 交易证书Lifting the veil of incorporation 揭开公司面纱Quoted/listed company 上市公司Parent company 母公司Subsidiary company 子公司Promoter 发起人Registrar of company 公司登记机关Memorandum of association 公司的基本章程Articles of association 公司的附属章程Statement of compliance 法定声明Constitution of company 公司宪章Company “off the shelf”现成的公司（壳公司）Bona fide 真实的，有诚意的Ultra vire 超越权限Passing-off action 假冒、冒名Capital 资本Part EShare capital 股本Nominal value 名义价值Ordinary share 普通股Preference share 优先股Redeemable share 可赎回股Authorised share capital 法定资本Called-up capital 催缴股本Paid-up capital 实缴股本Class rights are rights attached to particular types of shares 集体权利是依附于特定类型的股份的权利minority 少数股东Variation of class rights 集体权利的变更Allotment of shares 股份分配Issue of shares 股份发行Pre-emption right 优先认购权Bonus issue 发行红股/股票股利Rights issue 认股权发行/配股Loan capital 借贷资本Debentures 债券Charges 抵押Fixed charge 固定抵押Floating charge 浮动抵押Crystallization of a floating charge 浮动抵押的明确化Capital maintenance 资本保全Solvency 偿付能力Issue shares at a premium 溢价发行股票Issue shares at a discount 折价发行股票Underwriting fees 承销费用Stringent 严格的Distribute dividend 派发股息Accumulated realized profit 累计已变现利润Accumulated realized profit 累计已变现损失Undistributable reserves 不可分配准备Part FDirector 董事Board of director 董事会Shadow director 影子董事Executive director 执行董事Non-executive director 非执行董事Managing director 常务董事Board of directors 董事会Remuneration of directors 董事的薪酬Vacation of office (董事的)离职Disqualification of director 取消董事资格Fiduciary duty 受托责任Conflict of interest 利益冲突Fraudulent trading 欺诈性交易Wrongful trading 不法交易Eligibility as auditor 审计人员的任职资格Annual general meeting 年度全体会议Extraordinary general meeting 临时全体会议resolution 决议Ordinary resolution 普通决议Special resolution 特别决议Written resolution 书面决议Notice 通知Special notice 特别通知The chairman 会议主席Quorum 法定人数vote 表决proxies 表决代理人Minutes 会议记录Part Ginsolvency 破产liquidation 清算Winding up 清算A member’s voluntary winding up 股东的自愿清算Creditors’ voluntary winding up 债权人的自愿清算Compulsory liquidation 强制清算liquidator 清算人administration 财产管理Part HCorporate governance 公司治理stakeholder 利益相关人Financial statement 财务报表Voluntary codes of corporate governance 公司治理的自愿守则Unitary board of director 单一董事会Supervisory board 监事会Transparency 透明性Insider dealing 内幕交易Insider information 内幕信息Money laundering 洗钱Fraudulent trading 欺诈性交易Wrongful trading 不法交易。
商法学英文单词和短语精选
《商法学》精品课程建设材料之商法学英文单词和短语精选山东政法学院《商法学》精品课程项目组商法学英文单词和短语精选Collected Words and Expressions in Commercial jurisprudencePart ⅠChapter 1 General Introduction to Commercial Law1. 商commerce2. 商人businessman3. 以营利为目的for-profit4.交易transaction5. 固有商inherent merchants6.辅助商auxiliary merchants7.商法commercial law8.商事关系commercial relations9.民商分立seperation of civil and commercial codes 10.民商合一combination of civil and commercial codes 11.商事组织法business association law 12.商行为法commercial conduct law 13.公司法company law 14.破产法bankruptcy law 15.票据法instrument law 16.证券法security law 17.保险法insurance law 18.海商法maritime commercial law 19.商法的基本原则basic principles of commercial law 20.强化商事组织原则principle of strengthening business organizations 21. 维持交易安全原则principle of affirming safety of trading 22.促进交易便捷原则principle of improving convience and efficiency of trading 23.公平交易原则principle of realizing fairness of trading 24. 商主体commercial subject 25.商事能力business capacity 26.商法人juridical person in commercial law 27.商个人sole proprietor in commercial law 28.商合伙commercial partnership 29.商行为commercial conduct 30.经营business operation 31.绝对商行为absolute commercial conduct 32. 相对商行为relative commercial conduct 33.商事代理commercial agency 34.商事留置commercial lien 35商事登记.commercial registration 36.商号trade name 37.商号权rights of trade name 38.商业账簿trade bookChapter 2 Origin and Development of Commercial Law1.商业习惯customs of merchants2.商人习惯法customary law of merchants3. 法国商法典commercial code of France4. 德国商法典commercial code of Germany5. 日本商法典commercial code of Japan6. 主观主义立法模式subjectivist legislative mode7.客观主义立法模式objectivist legislative mode8.折衷主义立法模式eclectic legislative mode9.判例法case law 10.制定法statute law 11.美国统一商法典Uniform Commercial Code of the United States 12.商法总则general rules of commercial law 13. 商法分则classified rules of commercial law 14.商业惯例business practiceChapter 3 Commercial Law and Other Legal Divisions1.商法commercial law2.民法civil law3.民商分立seperation of civil and commercial codes4.民商合一combination of civil and commercial codes5.普通法general law6.特别法special law7. 特别法优于普通法special law derogates general law8.经济法economic law9.行政法administrative law 10. 企业法enterprise law 11.消费者权益保护法consumer protection law 12 单方商行为unilateral commercial conducts 13.双方商行为bilateral commercial conducts 14.营利调整机制for-profit regulative system 15.行政调整机制administrative regulative systemPart ⅡCorporation LawChapter 4 General overview of Corporation Law1.公司company2.企业法人enterprise legal person3.社团法人corporation4.人合公司personal company5. 资合公司capital company6.跨国公司multinational corporation7. 母公司parent company8.子公司constituent company9.本公司head office 10. 分公司branch company 11.无限责任公司non-limited liability company 12. 有限责任公司limited liability company 13.两合公司limited partnership by shares 14.股份有限公司joint stock limited company 15. 股份两合公司joint-stock limited partnership 16.公开公司public company 17.封闭式公司private company 18.保证有限公司company limited by guarantee 19.公司设立formation of a company 20.公司解散dissolution of a company 21.公司章程articles of association 22. 经营范围business scope 23.公司分立corporate seperation 24. 公司合并coporate merger 25.财务会计报告financial statement 26.资产负债表balance sheeet 27.公司盈余profit of a company 28.公积金accumulation fundChapter 5 limited liability company1.股东share-holder2.出资额capital contribution3.注册资本registered capital4.法定资本最低限额statutory minimum amount of capital5.公司名称name of a company6.公司住所domicile of a company7.组织机构organizational structure8.生产经营场所premises for production and operation9.生产经营条件necessary conditions for production and operation 10.发起设立incorporation by promotion 11.设立登记registration of incorporation 12.营业执照business license 13.出资方式method of capital contribution 14.出资证明书capital contribution certificate 15. 股权转让transfer of stock rights 16.股东会share-holders meeting 17.定期会议regular meeting 18.临时会议interim meeting 19.普通决议common resolution 20.特别决议special resolution 21.董事director 22.董事会board of directors 23.董事长chairman of the board directors 24. 监事supervisor 25.监事会supervisory board 26.经理manager 27.副经理deputy manager 28.财务负责人personel in charge of financial affairs 29.忠实义务fidelity duty 30. 勤勉义务diligence duty 31. 国有独资公司wholly state-owned company 32.外商独资公司sole-foreigninvester company 33.一人公司one man’s company 34.中外合资公司sino-foreign contractual joint company 35.外国公司的分支机构branch of a foreign companyChapter 6 Joint-Stock Limited Company1.股份有限公司joint-stock limited company2.股份share3. 发起人sponsor4.股份发行issuance of shares5. 募集股份share offer6.招股说明书prospectus on share offer7.募集设立incorporation by means of share offer8. 认股subscription9.缴纳股款payment 10.创立大会inaugural meeting 11.股本share capital 12.法定资本制statutory capital system 13. 授权资本制authorized capital system 14.折衷资本制eclectic authorized capital system 15.资本确定原则doctrine of capital determination 16.资本不变原则doctrine of unchanging capital 17.资本维持原则doctrine of capital maintenance 18.增资increase of the registered capital 19.减资reduction of the registered capital 20.股份转让transfer of shares 21.股东大会shareholders general meetingChapter 7 Securities law1.有价证券negotiable security2.资本证券capital security3.货币资本money-capital4.流通证券marketble securities5.股票stock6.记名股票registered stock 6.无记名股票unregistered stock7.普通股股票common stock8.优先股股票preference stock9.表决权股票voting stock 10.社会公众股shares issued to the general public 13. 募股申请application for share offer 14股票价格.stock price 15.股票收益stock yield 16.股票回购stock repurchase 17.公司债券company bonds 18.有担保公司债券guaranteed bonds 19.本金debenture principal 20.债券利息bond interest 20.债券发行bond issuance 21.债权转让exchange of bonds 22股票上市.listing of shares 23. 证券交易所stock exchang 24.债券上市listing of bondsPart Ⅲ Bankruptcy LawChapter 8 General Overview of Bankruptcy Law1.破产bankruptcy2.无力清偿insolvency3. 公平清偿fair payment4. 债权人creditor5.债务人debtor6.破产案件bankruptcy cases7. 破产法bankruptcy law8.破产程序bankruptcy procedure9.商人破产主义mercantile bankruptcy theory 10.一般破产主义general bankruptcy theory 11.免责主义doctrine of exemption 12.不免责主义doctrine of nonexemption 13.属地主义doctrine of territoriality in bankruptcy 14.普及主义universalism of bankruptcy doctrineChapter 9 General Overview of Bankruptcy Procedure1.破产程序bankruptcy procedure2.破产程序的适用范围scope of application for bankruptcy procedure3.企业法人business corporation4.破产原因cause of bankruptcy5. 无力清偿insolvency6. 资不抵债inability to offset debts with assets7.缺乏清偿能力lack of ability to repay debts8.停止支付suspend payment9.地域管辖territorial jurisdiction 10.级别管辖jurisdiction by form level 11.管辖权转移transfer of jurisdiction 12.破产裁定order of bankruptcy 13.破产公告public notice of bankruptcy 14.破产申请bankruptcy application 15.破产申请人bankruptcy applicant 16. 破产案件的受理acceptance of bankruptcy case 17.破产申请的驳回deny a bankruptcy application 18.管理人的任命appointment of a bankruptcy trustee 19.债务人财产debtor estate 20.撤销权right of revocation in bankruptcy procedure 21.追回权right of recovery in bankruptcy procedure 22.取回权recall right 23.抵销权right of setoff in bankruptcy procedure 24.破产费用costs for bankruptcy proceedings 25.共益债务debts for common benefit 26.债权申报reports of credits 27.债权人会议creditors meeting 27.债权人委员会creditors committeeChapter 10 Revitalization1.重整原因cause of revitalization2.重整申请application for revitalization3.重整期间period of revitalization4.继续营业continuance of a business5.重整计划schemes of revitalization6.企业拯救enterprises revitalization7.重整计划的执行implementation of revitalization8.重整计划的执行终止termination of the implementation of revitalizationChapter 11 Settlement1.和解程序settlement procedure2.和解申请application for settlement3.和解协议settlement agreement4. 和解失败failure of settlement5.和解完毕fulfillment of a settlement agreementChapter 12 Bankruptcy liquidations1.破产宣告bankruptcy declaration2.破产原因cause of bankruptcy3.破产宣告的裁定rulings of a bankruptcy declaration4.破产清算程序bankruptcy liquidation procedure5.破产人bankrupt6.破产财产insolvent properties7.别除权exemption right8.担保物权realrights for security9.破产变价realization of insolvent properties 10.破产变价方案scheme of realization of insolvent properties 11.破产分配distribution of insolvent proprties 12.破产分配方案scheme of distribution of insolvent properties 13.破产分配的法定顺序statutory order of distribution of insolvent properties 14.工资wages of staff and workers 15.税收taxes 16.破产债权bankruptcy claims 17.追加分配supplementary distribution 17.破产程序的终结termination of bankruptcyprocedurePart Ⅳ Commercial instrument lawChapter 13 General Overview of bills and commercial paper law1.票据commercial instrument2.设权证券right-creating securities3.无因证券abstract securities4.要式证券formal securities5.文义证券literal securities6.流通证券negotiable securities7.信用证券credit instrument8.支付证券payment instrument9.远期票据long-dated bill 10.即期票据sight bill 11.汇票bill 0f exchange 12.本票promissory note 13.支票check 14.汇兑功能function of exchange 15.支付功能function of payment 16.信用功能function of credit 17.票据法commercial instrument law 18.票据关系bill relations 19.票据发行关系bill ralations caused by issuance 20.票据背书关系bill relations caused by endorsement 21. 票据保证关系bill relations caused by guaranty 22.票据承兑关系bill relations caused by acception 23.原因关系cause relations 24.预约关系preliminary relations 25.资金关系fund relations 26.票据行为act of commercial paper 27.基本票据行为fundmental instrument act 28.附属票据行为auxiliary act on negotiable instrument 29.出票issuing a bill 30.背书endorsement 31.保证guaranty 32.承兑acceptance 33.出票人drawer 34.持票人holder 35.背书人endorser 36.保证人guarantor 37.承兑人acceptor 38.收款人payee 39.票据代理agency of act of commercial paper 40.票据权利rights of bill 41.付款请求权right of claim for payment 42.追索权right of recourse 43.正当持票人holder in due course 44.票据的伪造forgery of a bill 45.票据的涂销erasure of a bill 46.票据的变造alteration of a bill 47. 公示催告publicizing public notice for assertion of claims 48.空白票据blank bill 49.票据抗辩bill pleading 50.票据权利的时效limitation of action of rights of billChapter 14 Bill of Exchange1.汇票bill of exchange2.委付证券payment by mandate securities3.商业汇票commercial bill of exchange4.银行汇票bank draft5.即期汇票sight bill6.远期汇票long –dated bill7.记名汇票inscribed bill of exchange8.无记名汇票bearer bill of exchange9.指示汇票bill drawn to order 10.正式汇票formal bill of exchange 11.变式汇票informal bill of exchange 12.出票issuing a bill 13.绝对必要记载事项absolutely necessary specified particulars 14.相对必要记载事项relatively necessary specified particulars 15.任意记载事项freely specified particulars 16. 背书endorsement 17. 转让背书endorsement for transfering bill rights 18.空白背书blank endorsement 19.记名背书full endorsement 20.质押背书endorsement for pledge 21.承兑acceptance 22. 承兑提示presentment for acceptance 23.保证guaranty 24.保证人guarantor 25.被保证人guarantee 26.付款payment 27.付款提示presentment for payment 28.追索权right of recourse 29.背书的连续continuity of endorsementChapter 15 Promissory notes and cheques1.本票promissory notes2.银行本票cashier’s check3.即期本票demand promissory note4.先进本票cash promissory note5.转账本票promissory note for transfer6. 支票cheque7.现金支票cash cheque8.转账支票chack for transfer9.即期支票cheque at sight 10.空白支票blank checkPart Ⅴ Insurance lawChapter 16 General Overview of Insurance and Insurance Law1.保险insurance2.保险合同insurance contract3.投保人applicant for insurance4.保险人insurer5.保险费premium6.被保险人insurant7.保险金insurance benefits8.商业保险commercial insurance9.可保危险insurable risk 10.强制保险compulsory insurance 11.自愿保险voluntary insurance 12.原保险original insurance 13.再保险reinsurance 14.责任保险liability insurance 15.财产保险property insurance 16.人身保险personal insurance 17.保险标的insurance object 18.保险法insurance law 19.保险合同法law of insurance contract 20.海上保险marine insurance 21.社会保险制度legal system of social insurance 22.保险利益原则doctrine of insurable interest 23. 最大诚信原则doctrine of utmost good faith 24.告知notify 25.保证assure 26.弃权与禁止反言dislaimer and being prohibited from going back on one’s words 27.损失补偿原则doctrine of indemnification for loss 28.近因原则doctrine of immediate causeChapter 17 Introduction to Insurance Contract1.保险合同insurance contract2.双务合同riciprocal contract3.有偿合同remunerative contract4.附和合同contracts in standord form5.定值保险合同contract of fixed amount insurance6.不定值保险合同contract of unvalued insurance7.保险人insurer8.投保人applicant for insurance9.被保险人insurant 10.受益人benefiary 11.保险代理人insurance agent 12.保险经纪人insurance broker 13.保险公估人insurance public appraiser 14.投保单proposal form 15.暂保单insurance receipt 16.保险单insurance policy 17.保险凭证insurance certificate 18.投保apply for insurance 19.承保accept insurance 20.保险责任insurance lidbility 21.保险期间duration of insurance coverage 22.保险价值insurable value 23.保险金额sum insured 24.保险危险insurance risks 25.保险事故insured event 26.保密义务duty of maintaining secrecy 27.保险合同的解除dissolution of an insurance contractChapter 18 Contract of Property Insurance1.财产保险合同contract of property insurance2.财产损失保险indemnity insurance3.责任保险liability insurance4.信用保险credit insurance5.火灾保险fire insurance6.保险代位权right of insurance subrogation7.保险价值insurance value8.保险金额sum insured9.保险责任insurance liability 10.责任免除exemption from liability 11.索赔claim an indemnity 12.理赔settlement of claims 13.保险委付insurance abandonment 14.重复保险double insurance 15.企业财产保险insurance of enterprise property 16.机动车辆保险motor vehicle insurance 17.货物运输保险cargo insuranceChapter 19 Contract of Personal Insurance1.人身保险合同contract of personal insurance2.定额保险合同sum insurance contract3.受益人insurance beneficiary4.指定受益人designated beneficiary5.法定受益人statutory beneficiary6.受益人的变更alteration of beneficiary 7.人寿保险life insurance 8.死亡保险mortality insurance 9.健康保险health insurance 10.意外伤害保险injury insurance 11.不可争条款undinable clause 12.复效条款validity reinstatement clauseChapter 20 Law of Insurance Industry1.保险公司insurance company2.保险监督管理机构insurance supervision and control authority3.中国保险监督管理委员会China Insurance Regulatory Commission4.保险准备金liability reserve funds5.保险保障金insurance protection funds6.保险公积金insurance accumulatedfund。
民商法学经济法学法律英语专业词汇
民商法学、经济法学法律英语专业词汇（Civil and commercial law, economic law, legal English, vocabulary）An obligation to explain: accountableEach debtor with joint and several obligations: each, of, the, joint, debtorsAttached condition: IncidentAttached requirement: contingent claimContributory causes; contributory cause; inherent causeConditional civil juristic acts: conditional, civil, juristic, actsConditional right: conditional rightEmpowerment: entitleIndividual businesses: individual, businessesPersonal partnership: individual partnershipLet each person do his best, distribution according to work: from each according to his ability, to each according to his needsPayment of deposit: leave a deposit with the other partyAdministrative organs for Industry and Commerce: the, administrative, agency, for, industry, and, commerceBasic obligations of citizens: fundamental, duties, of, citizensContract: contract contract law: Contract LawCopy of contract: copies, of, the, contractThe contract states: contract provisions/stipulationsContract fulfillment Law: lex, loci, contractusContract period: contract, period (or, contract, term)Terms of the contract: contract terms (or, contract, clause)Validity of contract: contract lifeOriginal contract: originals, of, the, contractPartner: partnersCollegial system: collegial systemThe scope of approved registration: within, the, range, approved, and, registeredRestore status: recovery, of, original, state; restitution; restoration, of, he, original, conditions; retitutio, in,integrumCollectively owned enterprises: an, enterprise, under, collective, ownershipTechnical contract disputes: controversy, over, a, technology, contractGuardian: GuardianApproved by the competent authority for registration: approved, and, registered, by, the, competent, authorityResidents committee: the, neighborhood, committeePerform guardianship duties: fulfill, duty, of, guardianshipBuried objects and hidden objects: buried, or, concealed, objectTrading, leasing, mortgage, transfer: be, sold, leased, mortgaged, or, transferredRural contracted households: leaseholding, farm, householdsEqual subject: civil, subjects, with, equal, statusThe corporate entity has been revoked: the dissolution of an enterprise as legal personSeparation and consolidation of enterprise legal persons: thedivision and merger of an enterprise as legal personCorporate dissolution: disbanding, of, an, enterprise, as, legal, personFreedom of contract: liberty, of, contractProfits acquired, improperly, and, without, a, lawful, basis Acquire legal personality: be, qualified, as, a, legal, personEnterprises owned by the whole people: an, enterprise, owned, by, the, whole, peopleAssignment: alien; alienate; assign; cedeThe benefit of Alienation: benefit, of, cessionFranchise: benefit, of, cessioniRules for setting obligations: rule, of, imposing, dutyEstablishment, alteration, termination of civil relations: establish, change, or, terminate, civil, relationshipOwnership: ownershipWritten contract: A, written, contractDouble refund: repay, the, deposit, in, doubleLegal activities by both parties: bilateral legal transactionArbitrarily changing or releasing (civil juristic act): alter, or, rescind, one, act, s, arbitrarily, etc.He property: right, over, the, property, of, anotherProvide certain property as collateral: offer, a, specific, property, as, a, pledgeBreach of contract: breach, of, contractCommission agent: entrusted agencyAttorney: an, entrusted, agentNo fault liability: liability, without, negligencePeople with no capacity for civil conduct: A, person, having, no, capacity, for, civil, conductAs: Act, manager, or, provide, in, order, to, another, person, protect, s, interests, when, he, services, is, not, legally,, or, contractually,, obligated, to, do, soMissing: one ', s, whereabouts, have, been, unknown限制民事行为能力人: a person with limited capacity for civil conduct享有连带权利的每个债权人: each of the joint creditors行使代理权: exercise the power of agency.宣告为无 (限制) 民事行为能力人: declare... To be a person to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct遗失物、漂流物: lost and found objects, flotsam以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还: to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pledge以合法形式掩盖非法目的: perform under the guise of legitimate acts which conceal illegitimate purposes以欺诈、胁迫的手段: as a result of cheating or coercion意思表示 show one's intention:意思表示真实: the intention expressed is genuine优先购买的权利: the right of pre emption优先权 emptive right: priority.有过错的一方: the erring party有连带责任的: conjunctly and severally有权向债务人追偿: have the right to claim repayment from the debto造成财产损失 causes any property loss.责任能力: capacity for responsibility责任年龄: capacity of responsibility; year of discretion债的标的: object of obligation债的发生: creation of obligation债的消灭 d'extinction of obligation:占有人有权留置该财产: the possessor shall have a lien on the property指定代理: appointed agency.执行合同: carry out the contract, execute / implement / fulfill / perform the contract主要办事机构: the main administrative office.追偿: claim compensation from住所: domicile。
法律词汇翻译
法律词汇翻译法律词汇翻译是法律领域的专业翻译，对于法律行业的工作非常重要。
下面是部分法律词汇的翻译，供参考：1. Law - 法律2. Legal - 法律的3. Regulation - 规定4. Statute - 法令5. Constitution - 宪法6. Court - 法庭7. Judge - 法官8. Lawyer - 律师9. Evidence - 证据10. Trial - 审判11. Jury - 陪审团12. Verdict - 裁决13. Appeal - 上诉14. Defendant - 被告15. Plaintiff - 原告16. Contract - 合同17. Tort - 侵权18. Criminal - 刑事的19. Civil - 民事的20. Liability - 责任21. Damages - 损害赔偿22. Breach - 违约23. Injunction - 禁令24. Mediation - 调解25. Arbitration - 仲裁26. Suspend - 中止27. Dispute - 争议28. Jurisdiction - 管辖权29. Evidence - 证据30. Appeal - 上诉31. Malpractice - 失职行为32. Patent - 专利33. Trademark - 商标34. Copyright - 版权35. Merger - 合并36. Acquisition - 收购37. Bankruptcy - 破产38. Litigation - 诉讼39. Discovery - 调查取证40. Liability - 责任41. Negligence - 疏忽42. Lien - 留置权43. Notary - 公证员44. Perjury - 伪证罪45. Witness - 证人46. Sworn statement - 宣誓陈述47. Defense - 辩护48. Prosecution - 起诉49. Settlement - 和解50. Legalize - 合法化以上仅是一部分法律词汇的翻译，法律翻译需要专业的背景知识和技能。
汉英法律专业词汇
汉英法律专业词汇(法理、法制史、宪法学、民商法学、经济法学、刑法学、行政法学)!!法学理论、法制史、宪法学Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems and Constitution按照法律规定according to law按照确定的份额分享权力:be entitled to rights in proportion to his pr oper share of the credit按照确定的份额分担义务:assume obligations in proportion to his prope r share of the debt案例教学法case system案例汇编case book; case report; law report柏拉图 Plato《保护人权与基本自由公约》(1950) Convention for the Protection of Hu man Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 （罗）被视为be deemed as被宣布为非法be outlawed; be declared illegal比较法comparative law比较法学comparative jurisprudence比较法学派school of comparative jurisprudence比较法制史 comparative legal history比较分析法method of comparative analysis比较刑法comparative penal law比较刑法学comparative penal jurisprudence必然因果关系positive causal relationship边缘法学borderline jurisprudence变通办法adaptation; accommodation补充规定supplementary provision补救办法remedial measures不成文法unwritten law不成文宪法unwritten constitution不动产所在地法律 law of the place where the real property is situate d; lex loci rei immobilisci不可分割的权利impartible right不可抗力 force majuere不可侵犯性inviolability不可让与性inalienability不履行法律义务non-performance of obligation不要式行为informal act不要因的法律行为non-causal juristic act不因实效而丧失的权利imprescriptible right不作为abstain from an act; act of omission部门法department law部门规章regulation参照 consult参照具体情况 in the light of actual conditions参照原文 consult the original查士丁尼法典 Code Justinian; Codex Justinianus查士丁尼法规汇编 Authenticum超出法律范围的 outside of law超出法律权限的 extralegal超过权限 exceed authority; beyond jurisdiction成文法 written law成文宪法 written constitution冲突法 conflict of laws; rules of conflict冲突规则 conflict rule; rule of conflict除（本法）另有规定外 except for otherwise stipulated (by this law)除外条款 provisory clause除外责任条款 exclusion clause触犯公共利益 encroach on the public interests触犯国际利益go against the state’s interests触犯人民利益 encroach on the interests of the people; go against the people’s interests传统法律观念 traditional ideas of law纯粹法学 pure theory of law次要法规 by law次要规则 secondary rule从宽解释原则 doctrine of liberal construction从权利 accessory right达到法定年龄 come of age大法 the fundamental law大法官 Lord High Chancellor大法官法院Court of Chancery大陆法系 Continental Legal System大律师 barrister《大明律》Criminal Law of the Ming Dynasty （中）大陪审团 grand jury《大清律例》the Criminal Laws of the Qing Dynasty (中)《大宪章》(1215) Great Charter, 1215(英)单行法规 specific regulations单一法律体系 unitary legal system单一制政府 unitary government但书 proviso当代法学动向current trend of jurisprudence当然解释 natural interpretation党纪国法party discipline and the law of the country道德规范norm of morality道德义务 moral obligation《德国民法典》German Civil code德拉古 Draco地方各级人民代表大会local people’s congresses at different levels地方各级人民法院local people’s courts at different levels地方各级人民检察院local people’s procuratorates at different levels 地方各级人民政府local people’s governments at different levels第二读 second reading第三读 third reading二元论the dualistic theory二元君主立宪制 dual constitutional monarchy system二元论 the dualistic theory二元论者dualist二元制 bicameral system法的本质 the nature of law法的变化changes of law法的定义definition of law法的发展development of law法的分类 divisions of law法的概念concepts of law法的规范作用normalized usage of law法的继承succession of law法的精神 spirit of law法的可预测性foreseeability of law法的类型types of law法的历史类型的更替 the replacement of one historical mode of law byanother法的历史渊源 historical origin of law法的连续性continuity of law法的内容contexts of law法的社会作用 social usage of law法的生效operation of law法的实现realization of law法的特征character of law法的现象legal phenomenon法的消亡 withering away of law法的形式渊源formal source of law法的要素elements of law法的渊源source of law法的职能function of law法的作用role of law法典code; statute book法典编纂 codification of codes法定成年人的年龄age of majority; legal age 法定程序legal procedure法定处罚statutory penalty法定代理人: agent ad litem法定解释statutory interpretation法定量刑情节 legally prescribed circumstances of sentencing法定年龄 legal age; lawful age法定年龄限制 a statutory age limit法定期间 prescribed time法定期限 legal term法定权利 legal right; right entitled by law法定权限 limits of power prescribed by law法定人数 quorum法定日 appointed day法定时间 appointed time法定时效 statutory prescription法定条件 legal condition法定限制 statutory restrictions法定效力 statutory force法定刑 legally-prescribed punishment法定形式 legal form法定责任 statutory duty法定追溯期 time of legal memory法定最高刑 maximum statutory penalty; maximum statutory sentence 法官 judge法官的自由裁量权judge’s power of discretion法官权力范围extent of judge’s power法官心证judge’s mental impression法官中立原则 Nemo debt esse judex in propria causa法规编纂 condification of laws and regulations法规的解释 interpretation of statutes法规汇编 corpus of the laws and regulations《法国民法典》Code Civile de Francais (法)法理 jurisprudence; principle of law法理学家 jurisprudent法律保护 legal protection法律编纂 codification法律标准 legal standards法律补救 legal redress法律部门 legal department法律草案 draft regulations法律措施 legal measures法律大全 Corpus legum法律的本土化和改写 the localization and adaptiion of laws 法律的本质 essence of law法律的地位 position of law法律的定义 definition of law法律的废止 abolishment of law法律的公共秩序论 public order theory of law法律的规范性 normalization of law法律的继承 succession of law法律的理想ideal of law法律的权威 authority of law法律的失效lapse of law法律的实施administration of law; law enforcement 法律的适用application of law法律的统一 unification of law法律的推定 presumption of law法律的推理 analogy of law法律的完整性 integrity of law法律的效力范围force’s scale of law法律的效力形式force’s form of law法律的修改alteration of law法律的演进 evolutin of law法律的原理 principle of law法律地位平等equal in legal status法律对人的效力personal act of law编纂法律方法 legal methodology法律分类 classification of law法律赋予权力 authority conferred by law法律改革 law reform法律概念 legal concept法律根据 legal basis法律工作者 legal professional法律关系legal relation法律关系的运行 process of legal relation法律关系客体 object of legal relation法律关系主体 subject of legal relation法律规定provisions of law法律规范 norm of law法律规范的逻辑结构 logical structure of legal rule法律规则体系 system of legal rules法律含义 intendment of law法律另有规定therwise stipulated by law法律现象legal phenomenon法律研究legal research法律要件 legal requirement法律依据 legal basis法律意见 legal advice法律意见书 legal opinion法律意识 law-consciousness法律意义 legal sense法律用语 legal language法律与正义先验论 a prior theory of law and justice法律渊源 source of law法律原本注释 gloss法律原理 legal doctrines法律原则 principle of legality法律援助legal aid法律约束 legal binding; legal restraint法律责任 legal responsibility法律责任的道义基础 moral basic of legal obligation法律责任的归结 imputaton of legal responsibility法律责任的认定 determination of legal responsibility法律责任的执行 enforcement of legal responsibility法律责任客体 object of legal responsibility法律责任主体 subject of legal responsibility法律哲学 philosophy of law; philosophie du droit （法）；philosophiajuris法律政策 policy of the law法律职业道德 legal ethics法律指导 legal counsel法律制裁 legal sanction法律制度 regime of law; legal system法律秩序 legal order法律主体资格 capacity as a subject of law法律主张 proposition of law法律属地原则 territoriality of laws法律著述 legal literature法律专家 legal expert法律专业 legal profession法律专著和教科书 legal treatise and textbook 法律咨询 legal advice法律尊严 legal sanctity法盲 legal illiterates法权 right法社会学 sociology of law法系 legal system法协会 law society法学 jurisprudence法学博士 doctor of jurisprudence法学导论 leading principles of law法学的范畴体系 the system of categories of jurisprudence法学的范畴意识 the consciousness of category of jurisprudence 法学的基石范畴 fundamental categories of jurisprudence法学方法 method of jurisprudence法学方法论 methodology of jurisprudence法学会 law society法学教科书 law textbooks法学理论 theory of law; legal theory法学权威 an academic authority in law法学士 bachelor of law法学体系 system of jurisprudence法学通论 first principles of law法学院 faculty of law; law school法医 forensic medicine法医学 forensic medicine法院 court法院调查 judicial investigation法院管辖权 competence of court法院管辖以外的 extrajudicial法院判决 court decision法院系统 court structure法院组织法 judicature act法则 articles法哲学 philosophy of law法制legal institution法制传统 tradition of law system法制的精神 spirit of legality法制的尊严 dignity of the legal system法制观念 legal concept法制观念淡薄 very weak in the understanding of law 法制教育 legal education; education of legal system 法制史 legal history; history of legal system法治 rule of law法治的机制 the mechanism of rule of law法治的要素 the element of rule of law非实质的 immaterial非营利的 non-profit非约束性条款 permissive provision废止法律 annulment of law分别管辖权 separate jurisdiction分别财产制 separation of property regime分别规定 separate provision分担责任 share the responsibility分工负责，互相配合，互相制约 divide responsibility for their own wor k; coordinate their efforts and check each other分工负责制 division of labor responsibility system分级管理 different levels holding different responsibilities分配制度 distribution system分析法理学 analytical jurisprudence否决权 power veto; veto power否认事实 denial of facts服从法律 amenable to law; subject to the law服从判决 accept a judgment符合程序 be in order符合法律 be in conformity with law符合宪法 constitutionality符合宪法的法律 constitutional law符合原则 be in conformity with the principle盖尤斯 Gaius概括裁定 general verdict概括继承 general succession干扰司法公正 interference with course of justice刚性条款 entrenched clause刚性宪法 rigid constitution岗位责任制 post responsibility system高等法院 high court; high court of justice高度集中 highly centralize高度民主 high level of democracy高度自治权 high degree of autonomy高级法官 senior judge高级法院superior court高级人民法院Higher People’s Court高级人民检察院Higher People’s Procuratortate搁置 set aside; abeyance格式条款 clause of style公认的行为准则 established standard of conduct规避法律 in fraud of law规避义务 evade obligations规范的法律规则 normative rule of law规范法学 normative jurisprudence规范性法律文件 normalizative document of law规范性法律文件的规范化 normalization of normative legal document 国际法international law国际法学 international jurisprudence过错方 tort-feasor; wrongdoer过错推定原则 doctrine of presumption过错责任 liability for wrongs; tort liability海事法院 court of admiralty《汉穆拉比法典》 Code of Hammurabi合并条款 consolidation of provisions合法的个人财产 legal personal property合法地位 legal status合法权益 the lawful rights and interests合法行为 lawful acts; legality of purpose合宪性 constitutionality衡平法 equity衡平法规则 rule of equity衡平法学 equity jurisprudence衡平法院 Court of Chancery (美)；Court of Equity （英）后法取代前法 A later statute takes away the effect of a prior one. 后法优于前法 lex posterior derogat priori户籍所在地:the place where his residence is registered互为因果 reciprocal causation基本法 fundamental law基本法律规范 basic norm of law基本方针 basic policies基本权利和义务 basic rights and duties基本司法概念和假设 basic legal conception and assumption技术性法规 technical legal rule家庭法 family law建立法律关系create legal relations教会法 canon law《教会法大全》Corpus Juris Canonici教会法学家 decretalists解释法律的技术规则 technical rule of interpretation 解释权 power of interpretation近因 immediate cause禁治产人 imbecile; interdicted person经常居住地:habitual residence经法律确认的 ascertained by law经法律许可 authorized by law经验法学 scholastic theories of law纠问式审判 trial by inspection or examination具有法律约束力的文件 legally binding instrument具有同等效力的 with equal authenticity具有约束力的判例 binding precedent绝对衡平法 absolute equity君主立宪制度 constitutional monarchy开罗会议 Cairo Conference凯恩斯主义 keynesianism可撤销的法律行为 revocable juristic act可让与性 alienability可用法律强制执行的 enforceable at law可预见的 foreseeable可直接适用的法律 directly applicable law可追溯的 retrospective客观条件 objective condition客观因素 objective factor客体 object扩充解释 amplified interpretation理论法理学派 theoretical jurisprudence school 理性决定说 theory of rational decision理性认识 conceptual knowledge历史法学 historical jurisprudence历史法学派 historical school of law历史解释 historical interpretation立法机构legislative body立法权 law-making power; legislative power立法委任权 legislation mandate立法效力 legislative effect立法议案 bills立法者 law-maker; legislator立宪 constitutionalism利益冲突 conflict of interests利害关系人interested person连带法律关系 joint legal relations连带责任 joint and several obligation论理解释 logical interpretation罗马法Roman Law; Jus Romanum罗马法系 Roman-Law System罗马皇帝优士丁尼一世 Justinian I罗马法理学 jurisprudential《罗马法律汇编》Roman Digest罗马法学派 school of Romanists罗马－日耳曼法系 Roman-Germanic family罗马私法 Jus Privatum逻辑解释 logical interpretation马伯里诉麦迪逊案 Marbury vs. Madison马克思主义法律理论 Marxism-leninism马克思主义法学 Marxist jurisprudence马克思主义法学家 Marxist jurist没有事实根据的 unsubstantial美国国际法协会 American Institute of International Law 美国海事法庭 Admiralty Courts of the U.S.A.美国联邦地区法院 United States district courts美国联邦法官 federal judge没有法律依据的 lawless没有判决先例的案件 case of first impression《民法大全》Corpus Juris Civilis民法典 civil code民法法系Civil-Law System民法通则: General Principles of the Civil Law民法学 science of civil law民事案件中“占有优势证据”的原则“by a preponderance of evidence” in civil cases民事权利能力:the capacity for civil rights民事权益:civil rights and interests民事诉讼法学 Civil Procedure Law民事制裁 civil punishment; civil sanction民政部门:the civil affairs department明代法规 laws and regulations of Ming Dynasty明示或默示的 express or implied默示表达 communication by implication拿破仑法典The Code Napolean内部规章 internal regulations纳妾制 concubinage南京条约 (1843) Treaty of Nanking, 1843拟制理论 fiction theory拟制买卖 mancipatio欧洲大陆法 continental law偶然权利 contingent right偶然因果关系 fortuitous causal relationship 偶然因素 accidentalia偶因 accidental cause排他的权利 right to exclude all others派生的权利 derived right派生取得 derivative acquisition判例法系 Case Law System普通法法系 Common-Law System判例法系 Case Law System判例汇编 reports; reports of judgments普通法 common law普通法法系 Common-Law System普通法上的补偿 common-law remedy普通法上的过失 common-law negligence普通法上的留置权 common-law lien普通法学 general jurisprudence强制办法 coercive method强制规定 mandatory provisions强制性法规 mandatory rule of law强制性条款 mandatory term侵犯财产权 property torts侵权行为法 tort law侵权责任 tortious liability清理法规 check up laws and regulations区域性法律体系 regional system of laws取证 obtain evidence确权之诉 affirmative petitory action; cause for ownership affirmatio n确认之诉 action for confirmation; actio confessoria权威解释 authentic interpretation人法 human law, statute personalia人格减等 capitis deminutio人身不可侵犯 inviolability of the person人身非财产关系 personal non-property relations人身关系 personal relation任意解释 arbitrary interpretation《日耳曼法》Germanic law柔性宪法 flexible constitution三权分立 separation of powers善意推定 presumption of good faith商法 commercial law商法典 code of commerce社会法学 sociological jurisprudence社会关系 social relations社会规范 social regulation社会连带主义法学 social solidarism jurisprudence社会契约论 theory of social contract社会团体:social organization社会主义法学 socialist jurisprudence社会主义法制 socialist legal system; socialist rule of law 神法 divine law神权说 theory of divine right审查制度 censorship; inspection system审计监督 supervise through auditing审计监督权 power to supervise through auditing生效条款 operative clause失效法律 expired laws失效日 expiry date施行细则 implementary provisions实证主义法学派 the positivist school《十二表法》 Twelve Tables实体法 material law; substantial law实体法上的抗辩 substantial defense实体权利 substantive right实用主义法学 judicial pragmaticism实在法 positive law实在法学 positive jurisprudence实在法学派 positivist实在主义法学 positivist jurisprudence实证法学 positive jurisprudence实质条款 material stipulation实质性的瑕疵 defect of substance实质性解释 material interpretation事实的推定 presumption of fact事业单位:institution适用法律 reference to the law; applicable law适用范围 area of application; sphere of application适用中国法律:be governed by the law of PRC (The law of PRC shall app ly to)溯及既往原则 doctrine of retroactivity溯及力 retrospect; retrospective effect损害赔偿 damages梭伦 Solon弹性宪法 elastic constitution特别程序 special procedure特别但书 special proviso特别法 special law特殊主体 special subject提案motion; overture; proposal提出抗辩 raise a plea; raise a plead条约法 law of treaties同态复仇 retaliation推定合法presumption of legality停止生效cease to have effect外国法 foreign law外国法制史 foreign legal history外国人待遇 foreigner treatment完全民事权利能力:full capacity for civil conduct完全丧失行为能力的人 person entirely incapable of legal transaction 完全无行为能力 absolute disability万民法 jus gentium违法构成要件 essential condition of delict违宪 violation of constitution乌尔比安 Ulpianus无国籍人:stateless persons无条件解释 unconditional interpretation无效的法律 void law无效法律行为 void act; act without legal effect物权 property西塞罗 Marcus Tullius Cicero习惯法custom law细则 detailed rules and regulations; details by-laws 狭义解释 narrow definition下文另有规定者除外 except as hereinafter provided先决条件 precedent condition; prerequisite现实主义法学 realism jurisprudence现行法律 current law; existing law限制解释 restrictive interpretation宪法的解释 interpretation of constitution宪法修正案 constitution amendment宪法学 constitutional jurisprudence相对主义法学 relativist jurisprudence新分析法学 new analytical jurisprudence新律 New Law , Novellae行为规范 code of conduct学说编纂 the Pandekta形式主义法学 formalist jurisprudence亚里士多德 Aristotle严格解释 strict interpretation严重不法行为 aggravated misconduct; gross misbehavior严重违法 break the law on a serious scale要件 important condition; essential condition一般客体 general object一般权利能力 general legal capacity一般主体 general subject一事不再理的保证 guarantee against double jeorpardy依法办案 handle cases according to law依法独立行使职权 independent exercise of powers within the framework of the law依照法律的规定 as prescribed by law以法律为准绳 take law as the criterion依法治国 genuine rule of law; running the country according to law义务性规范 obligatory rule义务主体 subject of duty英美法系 Anglo-American Legal System永恒法 eternal law优士丁尼法典 the Codex Justinianus优士丁尼皇帝 Justinian《优士丁尼民法大全》（《国法大全》）Corpus Juris Civilis有法必依 ensure that laws are observed有法律约束力 legally binding有条件解释 conditional interpretation有效期间 time of effect; term of validity与法律规定不符 against the forms of the statute与法律相抵触的行为act going against the law域外效力 extraterritorial effect援引法律条文 invoke a legal provision（古罗马的）元老院 the Senate约束力 binding; binding effect在法律的范围内 within the law暂行条例interim regulations; provisional regulation 整体法学 integrative jurisprudence正当权益 justified rights; legitimate interests正式解释 official interpretation正式渊源 formal source政法学院 institute of political science and law知法犯法 deliberately break the law执法必严ensure that law’s enforcement be strict执法人员 law enforcement officials执行权 enforcement power直接故意 actual intent; direct intent直接后果 immediate consequence直接客体 direct object直接主体 direct subject制定法 statute制宪权constituent power治外法权 extraterritoriality; extraterritorial jurisdiction中端时效 interrupt the running of the statute of limitation中国大陆的法律law of China’s mainland中国法制 Chinese legal system中国法制史 Chinese legal history中国特色的社会主义法制 socialist legal system with Chinese character中华法系 Chinese legal system《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》the Basic law of Hong Kong Spe cial Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China主要法律体系principal legal system自然法 natural law自然法学派 natural law school组成合议庭开庭审理:form a collegial panel to conduct the trial最高国家权力机关 highest organ of state power最高人民法院的解释 interpretati on of supreme people’s court遵循先例原则 The Doctrine of Stare汉英法律专业词汇（民商法学、经济法学）民商法学、经济法学Civil Laws, Commercial Laws and Economic Laws按照出资比例:in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment办理注销登记:cancel the registration被代理人:the principal被侵权人 the infringed本人名义:in one’s name标的subject matter补偿制度compensation system不动产登记制 Lot and Block System财产法 property law财产的添附 accretion of property; property accession财产抵押权 property mortgage财产继承权:the right of inheritance财产关系和人身关系:property relationships and personal relationships 财产管理人 property administrator; custodian of property财产混同 confusion; hotchpot财产留置权 encumbrance采用书面形式:in writing仓单 warehouse voucher草签合同 initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referend um contract长期合同 long-term contract偿付能力 solvency capability of reimbursement超越代理权:beyond the scope of one’s power of agency撤消合同cancellation of contract撤销合同 cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract撤销权 right of rescission; right of revocation撤销要约 revocation of offer; revoke an offer撤销遗赠 cancellation of will; revocationi of will承运人 actual fault of the carrier承运人的留置权carrier’s lien诚信原则 principle of good faith诚实信用原则:principle honesty and credibility; principle of honestr y and goodfaith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle船舶承租人 charterer船舶抵押权 right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship; shipmortgage船舶抵押权的设定 establishment of mortgage of the ship船舶抵押的消灭 extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship船舶抵押权登记 registration of ship mortgage船舶留置权 possessory lien; lien of ship村民委员会:the village committee惩罚性的损害赔偿 punitive damages乘人之危:take advantage of one’s unfavorable position处分财产 dispose of properties处分权 act of disposition处分原则 principle of disposition代理民事活动:be represented in civil activities by代理权终止:the expiration of one’s power of agency单独承担的责任 undivided responsibility单方法律行为unilateral obligation单方行政行为 unilateral administrative act等价有偿:making compensation for equal value对等原则 principle of reciprocity对价consideration对抗措施counter measure对人权right in personam; personal right对世权 real right; right in rem恶意串通:conspire maliciously恶意行为ill will mala fides法人 judicial person; legal body法人的权利能力 legal capacity of juristic person法人的责任能力 capacity for responsibility of juristic person 法人权限 corporate power法人人格 corporate personality法人身份 status of a legal person法人团体 corporation法人资格 corporate capacity法人组织章程:the articles of association of the legal person负共同连带责任 liable jointly and severally负全部责任 bear all responsibilities; in all charge负有解释的义务 accountable负有连带义务的每个债务人:each of the joint debtors附带的条件 incident附带要求 contingent claim附带原因 contributory cause; inherent cause附条件的民事法律行为:conditional civil juristic acts附条件的权利 conditional right赋予权力 entitle个体工商户:individual businesses个人合伙:individual partnership各尽所能，按劳分配 from each according to his ability, to each accord ing to his needs给付定金:leave a deposit with the other party工商行政管理机关:the administrative agency for industry and commerce 公民基本义务 fundamental duties of citizens合同contract合同法 contract law合同副本 copies of the contract合同规定 contract provisions/stipulations合同履行地法 lex loci contractus合同期限contract period (or contract term)合同条款contract terms (or contract clause)合同有效期contract life合同正本 originals of the contract合伙人:partners合议制 collegial system核准登记的经营范围:within the range approved and registered恢复原状 recovery of original state; restitution; restoration of he originalconditions; retitutio in integrum集体所有制企业:an enterprise under collective ownership技术合同纠纷案件 controversy over a technology contract监护人:guardian经主管机关核准登记:approved and registered by the competent authorit y居民委员会:the neighborhood committee履行监护职责:fulfill duty of guardianship埋藏物、隐藏物:buried or concealed object买卖、出租、抵押、转让:be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred农村承包经营户:leaseholding farm households平等主体:civil subjects with equal status企业法人被撤销:the dissolution of an enterprise as legal person企业法人分立、合并:the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person企业法人解散:disbanding of an enterprise as legal person契约自由 liberty of contract取得不当得利:profits acquired improperly and without a lawful basis 取得法人资格:be qualified as a legal person全民所有制企业:an enterprise owned by the whole people让与 alien; alienate; assign; cede让与的利益 benefit of cession让与权 benefit of cessioni设定义务的规则 rule of imposing duty设立、变更、终止民事关系:establish, change or terminate civil relatio nship所有权 ownership书面合同 a written contract双倍返还定金:repay the deposit in double双方法律行为 bilateral legal transaction擅自变更或者解除（民事法律行为）:alter or rescind one’s act arbitrar ily他物权 right over the property of another提供一定的财产作为抵押物ffer a s pecific property as a pledge违反合同breach of contract委托代理:entrusted agency委托代理人:an entrusted agent无过错责任 liability without negligence无民事行为能力人:a person having no capacity for civil conduct无因管理:act as manager or provide services in order to protect anot her person’s interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so下落不明one’s whereabouts have been unknown限制民事行为能力人:a person with limited capacity for civil conduct 享有连带权利的每个债权人:each of the joint creditors行使代理权:exercise the power of agency宣告为无（限制）民事行为能力人:declare … to be a person to be withou t or with limited capacity for civil conduct遗失物、漂流物:lost-and-found objects, flotsam以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还:to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pledge以合法形式掩盖非法目的:perform under the guise of legitimate acts wh ich conceal illegitimate purposes以欺诈、胁迫的手段:as a result of cheating or coercion意思表示show one’s intention意思表示真实:the intention expressed is genuine优先购买的权利:a right of pre-emption优先权 priority, preemptive right有过错的一方:the erring party有连带责任的 conjunctly and severally有权向债务人追偿:have the right to claim repayment from the debto造成财产损失:cause any property loss责任能力 capacity for responsibility责任年龄 capacity of responsibility; year of discretion债的标的 object of obligation债的发生 creation of obligation债的消灭 extinction of obligation占有人有权留置该财产:the possessor shall have a lien on the property 指定代理:appointed agency执行合同 carry out a contract, execute/implement/fulfill/perform a c ontract主要办事机构:the main administrative office追偿:claim compensation from住所:domicile汉英法律专业词汇（刑法学、行政法学）刑法学、行政法学Criminal Laws and Administrative Laws帮助当事人毁灭、伪造证据罪 crime of aiding a client to destroy or forge evidence 绑架妇女儿童罪 crime of kidnapping women and children包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪 crime of harboring a mafia-style syndicate包庇毒品犯罪分子罪 crime of harboring drug criminals报复陷害罪case of retaliation and frame-ups必要共同犯罪 indispensable joint crime并科原则 doctrine of cumulating punishments剥夺权利deprival of rights不能犯 impossibility; unrealized offense参加恐怖活动组织罪 crime of taking part in an organization engaged in terrorist activities超越管辖权 excess of jurisdiction超越职权范围overstep one’s authority惩办和宽大相结合combine punishment with leniency惩办少数、改造多数的原则 principle of punishing the few and reforming the many惩罚措施 punitive measure惩罚性制裁 punitive sanction惩罚与教育相结合 combination of punishment and education处以刑罚 inflict punishment处以有期徒刑 sentence to fixed-term imprisonment触犯法律 break the law; violate the law抽逃出资罪 crime of flight of capital contribution抽象行政行为 abstract administrative act出口骗税犯罪活动 criminal activities of cheating out of tax rebates in export出售伪造发票罪 crime of selling counterfeit currency出于对法律的无知 from ignorance of law出于恶意 from malevolence从轻处罚 gie a lesser punishment从重处罚 give a severer punishment单位受贿罪 crime of bribe taken by a unit单一犯罪构成 single constitution of crime盗伐林木罪 crime of illegally chopping down trees; crime of illegally felling trees盗窃、抢夺枪支、弹药、爆炸物罪 crime of stealing or seizing guns, ammunition or explosives盗窃犯 theft act; larcenist渎职犯罪案件case of dereliction of duty。
法律词汇汉英互译
法律词汇汉英互译
在进行国际贸易和国际法律交流时，常常需要
进行汉英语言的互译。
找到正确的翻译，可以避
免交流中出现的误解和问题，是非常重要的事情。
本文汇总了一些常见的法律词汇，以方便您进行
汉英互译。
法律本身相关的词汇
English to Chinese (英语 - 中文)
•attorney: 律师
•court: 法庭
•judge: 法官
•lawsuit: 诉讼
•litigation: 诉讼
Chinese to English (中文 - 英语)
•律师: lawyer
•法庭: court
•法官: judge
•诉讼: lawsuit
•诉讼: litigation
合同相关的词汇
English to Chinese (英语 - 中文)•contract: 合同
•agreement: 协议
•breach of contract: 违约•terms and conditions: 条款和条件•termination: 终止
Chinese to English (中文 - 英语)•合同: contract
•协议: agreement。
法律英语词汇大全(完美版)
法律英语词汇大全（完美版）一、基本法律词汇1. 法律（Law）：国家制定或认可的，用以规范社会成员行为、调整社会关系的规范总称。
2. 法规（Regulation）：国家行政机关根据法律制定的具有普遍约束力的规范性文件。
3. 条款（Clause）：法律、合同等文件中的具体规定。
4. 判决（Judgment）：法院对案件审理后作出的结论性意见。
5. 律师（Lawyer）：依法取得执业资格，为社会提供法律服务的专业人员。
6. 诉讼（Lawsuit）：当事人依法向法院提起的请求保护自己合法权益的程序。
二、刑法相关词汇1. 犯罪（Crime）：违反刑法规定，危害社会，依法应受刑罚处罚的行为。
2. 罪名（Charge）：对犯罪嫌疑人指控的具体犯罪名称。
3. 刑罚（Punishment）：国家对犯罪分子实行的一种强制措施，包括主刑和附加刑。
4. 刑事责任（Criminal Responsibility）：犯罪分子因其犯罪行为所应承担的法律责任。
5. 量刑（Sentencing）：法院根据犯罪分子的犯罪事实、情节和悔罪表现，依法决定刑罚的种类和幅度。
三、民法相关词汇1. 合同（Contract）：当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事法律关系的协议。
2. 权利（Right）：法律赋予当事人实现某种利益的可能性。
3. 义务（Obligation）：当事人依法应承担的责任。
4. 赔偿（Compensation）：因侵权行为给他人造成损失，依法应承担的经济补偿责任。
5. 继承（Inheritance）：继承人依法取得被继承人遗产的法律制度。
四、商法相关词汇1. 公司（Company）：依法设立的，以营利为目的的企业法人。
2. 股东（Shareholder）：持有公司股份，享有公司权益和承担公司风险的人。
3. 破产（Bankruptcy）：债务人因不能清偿到期债务，经法院宣告破产，对其财产进行清算的法律程序。
4. 票据（Bill）：具有一定格式，载明一定金额，由出票人签发，无条件支付给持票人或指定人的有价证券。
汉英法律专业词汇
汉英法律专业词汇(法理、法制史、学、民商法学、经济法学、刑法学、行政法学)!!法学理、法制史、学Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems and Constitution按照法律规定according to law按照确定的份额分享权利:be entitled to rights in proportion to his pr oper share of the credit按照确定的份额分担义务:assume obligations in proportion to his prope r share of the debt案例教学法case system案例汇编case book; case report; law report柏拉图 Plato?保护与根本公约?(1950) Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 〔罗〕被视为be deemed as被宣布为be outlawed; be declared illegal比拟法parative law比拟法学parative jurisprudence比拟法学派sool of parative jurisprudence比拟法制史 parative legal history比拟分析法method of parative analysis比拟刑法parative penal law比拟刑法学parative penal jurisprudence必然因果关系positive causal relationship边缘法学borderline jurisprudence变通adaptation; acmodation补充规定splementary provision补救remedial measures不成文法unwritten law不成文unwritten constitution不动产所在地法律 law of the place where the real property is situate d; lex loci rei immobilisci不可分割的权利impartible right不可抗力 force majuere不可进犯性inviolability不可让与性inalienability不履行法律义务non-performance of obligation不要式行为informal act不要因的法律行为non-causal juristic act不因实效而丧失的权利imprescriptible right不作为abstain from an act; act of omission部门法department law部门规章regulation参照 consult参照详细情况 in the light of actual conditions参照原文 consult the original查士丁尼 Code Justinian; Codex Justinianus查士丁尼法规汇编 Authenticum超出法律范围的 outside of law超出法律权限的 extralegal超过权限 exceed authority; beyond jurisdiction成文法 written law成文 written constitution冲突法 conflict of laws; rules of conflict冲突规那么 conflict rule; rule of conflict除〔本法〕另有规定外 except for otherwise stipulated (by this law)除外条款 provisory clause除外责任条款 exclusion clause触犯公共利益 encroa on the public interests触犯国际利益go against the state’s interests触犯人民利益 encroa on the interests of the people; go against the p eople’s interests传统法律观念 traditional ideas of law纯粹法学 pure theory of law次要法规 by law次要规那么 secondary rule从宽解释原那么 doctrine of liberal construction从权利 accessory right到达法定年龄 e of age大法 the fundamental law大法官 Lord High ancellor大法官Court of ancery大陆法系 Continental Legal System大律师 barrister?大明律?Criminal Law of the Ming Dynasty 〔中〕大陪审团 grand jury?大清律例?the Criminal Laws of the Qing Dynasty (中)?大宪章?(1215) Great arter, 1215(英)单行法规 specific regulations单一法律体系 unitary legal system单一制 unitary government但书 proviso当代法学动向current trend of jurisprudence当然解释 natural interpretation纪国法party discipline and the law of the country道德norm of morality道德义务 moral obligation?德国民?German Civil code德拉古 Draco地方各级人民local people’s congresses at different levels地方各级人民local people’s courts at different levels地方各级人民检察院local people’s procuratorates at different levels 地方各级人民local people’s govern ments at different levels第二读 second reading第三读 third reading二元the dualistic theory二元君主立宪制 dual constitutional monary system二元 the dualistic theory二元者dualist二元制 bicameral system法的本质 the nature of law法的变化anges of law法的定义definition of law法的开展development of law法的分类 divisions of law法的概念concepts of law法的作用normalized usage of law法的继承succession of law法的精 spirit of law法的可性foreseeability of law法的类型types of law法的历史类型的更替 the replacement of one historical mode of law byanother法的历史渊源 historical origin of law法的连续性continuity of law法的内容contexts of law法的社会作用 social usage of law法的生效operation of law法的实现realization of law法的特征aracter of law法的现象legal phenomenon法的消亡 withering away of law法的形式渊源formal source of law法的要素elements of law法的渊源source of law法的职能function of law法的作用role of lawcode; statute book编纂 codification of codes法定成年人的年龄age of majority; legal age 法定程序legal procedure法定处分statutory penalty法定代理人: agent ad litem法定解释statutory interpretation法定量刑情节 legally prescribed circumstances of sentencing 法定年龄 legal age; lawful age法定年龄限制 a statutory age limit法定间 prescribed time法定限 legal term法定权利 legal right; right entitled by law法定权限 limits of power prescribed by law法定人数 quorum法定日 appointed day法定时间 appointed time法定时效 statutory prescription法定条件 legal condition法定限制 statutory restrictions法定效力 statutory force法定刑 legally-prescribed punishment法定形式 legal form法定责任 statutory duty法定追溯 time of legal memory法定刑 um statutory penalty; um statutory sentence法官 judge法官的裁量权judge’s power of discretion法官权利范围extent of judge’s power法官心证judge’s mental impression法官中立原那么 Nemo debt esse judex in propria causa法规编纂 condification of laws and regulations法规的解释 interpretation of statutes法规汇编 corpus of the laws and regulations?法国民?Code Civile de Francais (法)法理 jurisprudence; principle of law法理学家 jurisprudent法律保护 legal protection法律编纂 codification法律 legal standards法律补救 legal redress法律部门 legal department法律草案 draft regulations法律措施 legal measures法律大全 Corpus legum法律的外乡化和改写 the localization and adaptiion of laws 法律的本质 essence of law法律的地位 position of law法律的定义 definition of law法律的废止 abolishment of law法律的公共秩序 public order theory of law法律的性 normalization of law法律的继承 succession of law法律的理想ideal of law法律的权威 authority of law法律的失效lapse of law法律的施行administration of law; law enforcement 法律的适用application of law法律的统一 unification of law法律的推定 presumption of law法律的推理 analogy of law法律的完好性 integrity of law法律的效力范围 fo rce’s scale of law法律的效力形式force’s form of law法律的修改alteration of law法律的演进 evolutin of law法律的原理 principle of law法律地位平等equal in legal status法律对人的效力personal act of law编纂法律 legal methodology法律分类 classification of law法律赋予权利 authority conferred by law法律改革 law reform法律概念 legal concept法律根据 legal basis法律工作者 legal professional法律关系legal relation法律关系的运行 process of legal relation法律关系客体 object of legal relation法律关系主体 subject of legal relation法律规定provisions of law法律 norm of law法律的逻辑构造 logical structure of legal rule 法律规那么体系 system of legal rules法律含义 intendment of law法律另有规定therwise stipulated by law法律现象legal phenomenon法律研究legal resear法律要件 legal requirement法律根据 legal basis法律 legal advice法律书 legal opinion法律意识 law-consciousness法律意义 legal sense法律用语 legal language法律与正义先验 a prior theory of law and justice法律渊源 source of law法律本来注释 gloss法律原理 legal doctrines法律原那么 principle of legality法律援助legal aid法律约束 legal binding; legal restraint法律责任 legal responsibility法律责任的道义根底 moral basic of legal obligation法律责任的归结 imputaton of legal responsibility法律责任的认定 determination of legal responsibility法律责任的执行 enforcement of legal responsibility法律责任客体 object of legal responsibility法律责任主体 subject of legal responsibility法律哲学 philosophy of law; philosophie du droit 〔法〕；philosophia juris法律政策 policy of the law法律职业道德 legal ethics法律指导 legal counsel法律制裁 legal sanction法律制度 regime of law; legal system法律秩序 legal order法律主体资格 capacity as a subject of law法律主张 proposition of law法律属地原那么 territoriality of laws法律著述 legal literature法律专家 legal expert法律专业 legal profession法律专著和教科书 legal treatise and textbook法律咨询 legal advice法律尊严 legal sanctity法盲 legal illiterates法权 right法社会学 sociology of law法系 legal system法协会 law society法学 jurisprudence法学博士 doctor of jurisprudence法学导 leading principles of law法学的范畴体系 the system of categories of jurisprudence法学的范畴意识 the consciousness of category of jurisprudence 法学的基石范畴 fundamental categories of jurisprudence法学 method of jurisprudence法学 methodology of jurisprudence法学会 law society法学教科书 law textbooks法学理 theory of law; legal theory法学权威 an academic authority in law 法学士 baelor of law法学体系 system of jurisprudence法学通 first principles of law法学院 faculty of law; law sool法医 forensic medicine法医学 forensic medicinecourt调查 judicial investigation辖权 petence of court辖以外的 extrajudicial判决 court decision系统 court structure组织法 judicature act法那么 articles法哲学 philosophy of law法制legal institution法制传统 tradition of law system法制的精 spirit of legality法制的尊严 dignity of the legal system法制观念 legal concept法制观念淡薄 very weak in the understanding of law法制教育 legal education; education of legal system法制史 legal history; history of legal system法治 rule of law法治的机制 the meani of rule of law法治的要素 the element of rule of law非本质的 immaterial非营利的 non-profit非约束性条款 permissive provision废止法律 annulment of law分别辖权 separate jurisdiction分别财产制 separation of property regime分别规定 separate provision分担责任 share the responsibility分工负责互相配合互相制约 divide responsibility for their own work; c oordinate their efforts and eck ea other分工负责制 division of labor responsibility system分级理 different levels holding different responsibilities分配制度 distribution system分析法理学 analytical jurisprudence否决权 power veto; veto power否认 denial of facts服从法律 amenable to law; subject to the law 服从判决 accept a judgment符合程序 be in order符合法律 be in conformity with law符合 constitutionality符合的法律 constitutional law符合原那么 be in conformity with the principle 盖尤斯 Gaius概括裁定 general verdict概括继承 general succession干扰公正 interference with course of justice 刚性条款 entrened clause刚性 rigid constitution岗位责任制 post responsibility system高等 high court; high court of justice高度集中 highly centralize高度 high level of democracy高度自治权 high degree of autonomy高级法官 senior judge高级serior court高级人民Higher People’s Court高级人民检察院Higher People’s Procuratortate搁置 set aside; abeyance格式条款 clause of style公认的行为准那么 established standard of conduct躲避法律 in fraud of law躲避义务 evade obligations的法律规那么 normative rule of law法学 normative jurisprudence性法律 normalizative document of law性法律的化 normalization of normative legal document 国际法international law国际法学 international jurisprudence过错方 tort-feasor; wrongdoer过错推定原那么 doctrine of presumption过错责任 liability for wrongs; tort liability海事 court of admiralty?汉穆拉比? Code of Hammurabi合并条款 consolidation of provisions合法的个人财产 legal personal property合法地位 legal status合法权益 the lawful rights and interests合法行为 lawful acts; legality of purpose合宪性 constitutionality衡平法 equity衡平法规那么 rule of equity衡平法学 equity jurisprudence衡平 Court of ancery (美)；Court of Equity 〔英〕后法取代前法 A later statute takes away the effect of a prior one. 后法优于前法 lex posterior derogat priori户籍所在地:the place where his residence is registered互为因果 reciprocal causation根本法 fundamental law根本法律 basic norm of law根本方针 basic policies根本权利和义务 basic rights and duties根本概念和假设 basic legal conception and assumption技术性法规 tenical legal rule家庭法 family law建立法律关系create legal relations法 canon law?法大全?Corpus Juris Canonici法学家 decretalists解释法律的技术规那么 tenical rule of interpretation解释权 power of interpretation近因 immediate cause禁治产人 imbecile; interdicted person经常居住地:habitual residence经法律确认的 ascertained by law经法律答应 authorized by law经历法学 solastic theories of law纠问式审讯 trial by inspection or examination 具有法律约束力的 legally binding instrument 具有同等效力的 with equal authenticity具有约束力的判例 binding precedent绝对衡平法 absolute equity君主立宪制度 constitutional monary开罗会议 Cairo Conference凯恩斯 keynesiani可撤销的法律行为 revocable juristic act可让与性 alienability可用法律强迫执行的 enforceable at law可预见的 foreseeable可直接适用的法律 directly applicable law可追溯的 retrospective客观条件 objective condition客观因素 objective factor客体 object扩大解释 amplified interpretation理法理学派 theoretical jurisprudence sool 理性说 theory of rational decision理性认识 conceptual knowledge历史法学 historical jurisprudence历史法学派 historical sool of law历史解释 historical interpretation立法机构legislative body立法权 law-making power; legislative power 立法委任权 legislation mandate立法效力 legislative effect立法议案 bills立法者 law-maker; legislator立宪 constitutionali利益冲突 conflict of interests利害关系人interested person连带法律关系 joint legal relations连带责任 joint and several obligation理解释 logical interpretation罗马法Roman Law; Jus Romanum罗马法系 Roman-Law System罗马皇帝优士丁尼一世 Justinian I罗马法理学 jurisprudential?罗马法律汇编?Roman Digest罗马法学派 sool of Romanists罗马－日耳曼法系 Roman-Germanic family罗马私法 Jus Privatum逻辑解释 logical interpretation马伯里诉麦迪逊案 Marbury vs. Madison法律理 Marxi-lenini法学 Marxist jurisprudence法学家 Marxist jurist没有根据的 unsubstantial国际法协会 American Institute of International Law 海事法庭 Admiralty Courts of the U.S.A.联邦地区 United States district courts联邦法官 federal judge没有法律根据的 lawless没有判决先例的案件 case of first impression?民法大全?Corpus Juris Civilis民 civil code民法法系Civil-Law System民法通那么: General Principles of the Civil Law民法学 science of civil law民事案件中“占有优势证据〞的原那么“by a preponderance of evidence 〞 in civil cases民事权利才能:the capacity for civil rights民事权益:civil rights and interests民事诉讼法学 Civil Procedure Law民事制裁 civil punishment; civil sanction门:the civil affairs department明代法规 laws and regulations of Ming Dynasty明示或默示的 express or implied默示表达 munication by implication拿破仑The Code Napolean规章 internal regulations纳妾制 concubinage南京条约 (1843) Treaty of Nanking, 1843拟制理 fiction theory拟制买卖 mancipatio欧洲大陆法 continental law偶尔权利 contingent right偶尔因果关系 fortuitous causal relationship偶尔因素 accidentalia偶因 accidental cause排他的权利 right to exclude all others 派生的权利 derived right派生获得 derivative acquisition判例法系 Case Law System普通法法系 mon-Law System判例法系 Case Law System判例汇编 reports; reports of judgments 普通法 mon law普通法法系 mon-Law System普通法上的补偿 mon-law remedy普通法上的过失 mon-law negligence普通法上的留置权 mon-law lien普通法学 general jurisprudence强迫 coercive method强迫规定 mandatory provisions强迫性法规 mandatory rule of law强迫性条款 mandatory term进犯财产权 property torts侵权行为法 tort law侵权责任 tortious liability清理法规 eck laws and regulations区域性法律体系 regional system of laws取证 obtain evidence确权之诉 affirmative petitory action; cause for ownership affirmatio n确认之诉 action for confirmation; actio confessoria权威解释 authentic interpretation人法 human law, statute personalia人格减等 capitis deminutio人身不可进犯 inviolability of the person人身非财产关系 personal non-property relations人身关系 personal relation任意解释 arbitrary interpretation?日耳曼法?Germanic law柔性 flexible constitution三权分立 separation of powers好心推定 presumption of good faith商法 mercial law商 code of merce社会法学 sociological jurisprudence社会关系 social relations社会 social regulation社会连带法学 social solidari jurisprudence社会契约 theory of social contract社会团体:social organization法学 socialist jurisprudence法制 socialist legal system; socialist rule of law 法 divine law权说 theory of divine right审查制度 censorship; inspection system审计监视 servise through auditing审计监视权 power to servise through auditing生效条款 operative clause失效法律 expired laws失效日 expiry date施行细那么 implementary provisions实证法学派 the positivist sool?十二表法? Twelve Tables实体法 material law; substantial law实体法上的抗辩 substantial defense实体权利 substantive right实用法学 judicial pragmatici实在法 positive law实在法学 positive jurisprudence实在法学派 positivist实在法学 positivist jurisprudence实证法学 positive jurisprudence本质条款 material stipulation本质性的瑕疵 defect of substance本质性解释 material interpretation的推定 presumption of fact事业:institution适用法律 reference to the law; applicable law适用范围 area of application; sphere of application适用中国法律:be governed by the law of PRC (The law of PRC shall app ly to)溯及既往原那么 doctrine of retroactivity溯及力 retrospect; retrospective effect损害赔偿 damages梭伦 Solon弹性 elastic constitution特别程序 special procedure特别但书 special proviso特别法 special law特殊主体 special subject提案motion; overture; proposal提出抗辩 raise a plea; raise a plead条约法 law of treaties同态复仇 retaliation推定合法presumption of legality停顿生效cease to have effect外国法 foreign law外国法制史 foreign legal history外国人待遇 foreigner treatment完全民事权利才能:full capacity for civil conduct完全丧失行为才能的人 person entirely incapable of legal transaction 完全无行为才能 absolute disability万民法 jus gentium构成要件 essential condition of delict违宪 violation of constitution乌尔比安 Ulpianus无国籍人:stateless persons无条件解释 unconditional interpretation无效的法律 void law无效法律行为 void act; act without legal effect物权 property西塞罗 Marcus Tullius Cicero习惯法custom law细那么 detailed rules and regulations; details by-laws狭义解释 narrow definition下文另有规定者除外 except as hereinafter provided先决条件 precedent condition; prerequisite现实法学 reali jurisprudence现行法律 current law; existing law限制解释 restrictive interpretation的解释 interpretation of constitution修正案 constitution amendment学 constitutional jurisprudence相对法学 relativist jurisprudence新分析法学 new analytical jurisprudence新律 New Law , Novellae行为 code of conduct学说编纂 the Pandekta形式法学 formalist jurisprudence亚里士多德 Aristotle严格解释 strict interpretation严重不法行为 aggravated misconduct; gross misbehavior 严重 break the law on a serious scale要件 important condition; essential condition一般客体 general object一般权利才能 general legal capacity一般主体 general subject一事不再理的保证 guarantee against double jeorpardy依法办案 handle cases according to law依法行使职权 independent exercise of powers within the framework of the law按照法律的规定 as prescribed by law以法律为准绳 take law as the criterion依法治国 genuine rule of law; running the country according to law义务性 obligatory rule义务主体 subject of duty英美法系 Anglo-American Legal System永久法 eternal law优士丁尼 the Codex Justinianus优士丁尼皇帝 Justinian?优士丁尼民法大全?〔?国法大全?〕Corpus Juris Civilis有法必依 ensure that laws are observed有法律约束力 legally binding有条件解释 conditional interpretation有效间 time of effect; term of validity与法律规定不符 against the forms of the statute与法律相抵触的行为act going against the law域外效力 extraterritorial effect援引法律条文 invoke a legal provision〔古罗马的〕元老院 the Senate约束力 binding; binding effect在法律的范围内 within the law暂行interim regulations; provisional regulation整体法学 integrative jurisprudence正当权益 justified rights; legitimate interests正式解释 official interpretation正式渊源 formal source政法学院 institute of political science and law知法犯法 deliberately break the law执法必严 ensure that law’s enforcement be strict执法人员 law enforcement officials执行权 enforcement power直接成心 actual intent; direct intent直接后果 immediate consequence直接客体 direct object直接主体 direct subject制定法 statute制宪权constituent power治外法权 extraterritoriality; extraterritorial jurisdiction 中端时效 interrt the running of the statute of limitation 中国大陆的法律law of ina’s mainland中国法制 inese legal system中国法制史 inese legal history中国特色的法制 socialist legal system with inese aracter中华法系 inese legal system?特别行政区根本法?the Basic law of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of ina主要法律体系principal legal system自然法 natural law自然法学派 natural law sool组成合议庭开庭审理:form a collegial panel to conduct the trial权利 highest organ of state power人民的解释 interpretati on of sreme people’s court遵循先例原那么 The Doctrine of Stare汉英法律专业词汇〔民商法学、经济法学〕民商法学、经济法学Civil Laws, mercial Laws and Economic Laws按照出资比例:in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment注销登记:cancel the registration被代理人:the principal被侵权人 the infringed本人名义:in one’s name标的subject matter补偿制度pensation system不动产登记制 Lot and Block System财产法 property law财产的添附 accretion of property; property accession财产抵押权 property mortgage财产继承权:the right of inheritance财产关系和人身关系:property relationships and personal relationships 财产理人 property administrator; custodian of property财产混淆 confusion; hotpot财产留置权 encumbrance采用书面形式:in writing仓单 warehouse vouer草签合同 initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referend um contract长合同 long-term contract偿付才能 solvency capability of reimbursement超越代理权:beyond the scope of one’s power of agency撤消合同cancellation of contract撤销合同 cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract撤销权 right of rescission; right of revocation撤销要约 revocation of offer; revoke an offer撤销遗赠 cancellation of will; revocationi of will承运人 actual fault of the carrier承运人的留置权carrier’s lien诚信原那么 principle of good faith老实信誉原那么:principle honesty and credibility; principle of hones try and goodfaith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle船舶承租人 arterer船舶抵押权 right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship; shipmortgage船舶抵押权的设定 establishment of mortgage of the ship船舶抵押的消灭 extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship船舶抵押权登记 registration of ship mortgage船舶留置权 possessory lien; lien of ship村民会:the village mittee惩罚性的损害赔偿 punitive damages乘人之危:take advantage of one’s unfavorable position处分财产 dispose of properties处分权 act of disposition处分原那么 principle of disposition代理民事活动:be represented in civil activities by代理权终止:the expiration of one’s power of agency单独承当的责任 undivided responsibility单律行为unilateral obligation单方行政行为 unilateral administrative act等价有偿:making pensation for equal value对等原那么 principle of reciprocity对价consideration对抗措施counter measure对right in personam; personal right对世权 real right; right in rem恶意串通:conspire maliciously恶意行为ill will mala fides法人 judicial person; legal body法人的权利才能 legal capacity of juristic person法人的责任才能 capacity for responsibility of juristic person 法限 corporate power法人人格 corporate personality法人身份 status of a legal person法人团体 corporation法人资格 corporate capacity法人组织章程:the articles of association of the legal person 负共同连带责任 liable jointly and severally负全部责任 bear all responsibilities; in all arge负有解释的义务 accountable负有连带义务的每个债务人:ea of the joint debtors附带的条件 incident附带要求 contingent claim附带原因 contributory cause; inherent cause附条件的民事法律行为:conditional civil juristic acts附条件的权利 conditional right赋予权利 entitle个体工商户:individual businesses个人合伙:individual partnership各尽所能按劳分配 from ea according to his ability, to ea according t o his needs给付定金:leave a deposit with the other party工商行政理:the administrative agency for industry and merce公民根本义务 fundamental duties of citizens合同contract合同法 contract law合同副本 copies of the contract合同规定 contract provisions/stipulations合同履行地法 lex loci contractus合同限contract period (or contract term)合同条款contract terms (or contract clause)合同有效contract life合同正本 originals of the contract合伙人:partners合议制 collegial system核准登记的经营范围:within the range approved and registered恢复原状 recovery of original state; restitution; restoration of he originalconditions; retitutio in integrum集体所有制企业:an enterprise under collective ownership技术合同纠纷案件 controversy over a tenology contract监护人:guardian经主核准登记:approved and registered by the petent authority居民会:the neighborhood mittee履行监护职责:fulfill duty of guardianship埋藏物、隐藏物:buried or concealed object买卖、出租、抵押、转让:be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred农村承包经营户:leaseholding farm households平等主体:civil subjects with equal status企业法人被撤销:the dissolution of an enterprise as legal person企业法人分立、合并:the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person企业法人解散:disbanding of an enterprise as legal person契约 liberty of contract获得不当得利:profits acquired improperly and without a lawful basis 获得法人资格:be qualified as a legal person全民所有制企业:an enterprise owned by the whole people让与 alien; alienate; assign; cede让与的利益 benefit of cession让与权 benefit of cessioni设定义务的规那么 rule of imposing duty设立、变更、终止民事关系:establish, ange or terminate civil relations hip所有权 ownership书面合同 a written contract双倍返还定金:repay the deposit in double双律行为 bilateral legal transaction擅自变更或者解除〔民事法律行为〕:alter or rescind one’s act arbitrar ily他物权 right over the property of another提供一定的财产作为抵押物ffer a specific property as a pledge违背合同brea of contract委托代理:entrusted agency委托代理人:an entrusted agent无过错责任 liability without negligence无民事行为才能人:a person having no capacity for civil conduct无因理:act as manager or provide services in order to protect another person’s interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so下落不明one’s whereabouts have been unknown限制民事行为才能人:a person with limited capacity for civil conduct 享有连带权利的每个债权人:ea of the joint creditors行使代理权:exercise the power of agency宣告为无〔限制〕民事行为才能人:declare … to be a person to be withou t or with limited capacity for civil conduct遗失物、漂流物:lost-and-found objects, flotsam以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到归还:to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pledge以合法形式掩盖目的:perform under the guise of legitimate acts whi co nceal illegitimate purposes以欺诈、胁迫的手段:as a result of eating or coercion意思表示show one’s intention意思表示:the intention expressed is genuine优先购置的权利:a right of pre-emption优先权 priority, preemptive right有过错的一方:the erring party有连带责任的 conjunctly and severally有权向债务人追偿:have the right to claim repayment from the debto造成财产损失:cause any property loss责任才能 capacity for responsibility责任年龄 capacity of responsibility; year of discretion债的标的 object of obligation债的发生 creation of obligation债的消灭 extinction of obligation占有人有权留置该财产:the possessor shall have a lien on the property 指定代理:appointed agency执行合同 carry out a contract, execute/implement/fulfill/perform a c ontract主要办事机构:the main administrative office追偿:claim pensation from住所:domicile汉英法律专业词汇〔刑法学、行政法学〕刑法学、行政法学Criminal Laws and Administrative Laws帮助当事人消灭、伪造证据罪 crime of aiding a client to destroy or forge evidence 妇儿童罪 crime of kidnapping women and ildren包庇、纵容性质组织罪 crime of harboring a mafia-style syndicate包庇犯罪分子罪 crime of harboring drug criminals报复case of retaliation and frame-s必要共同犯罪 indispensable joint crime并科原那么 doctrine of cumulating punishments剥夺权利deprival of rights不能犯 impossibility; unrealized offense参加恐惧活动组织罪 crime of taking part in an organization engaged in terrorist activities超越辖权 excess of jurisdiction超越职权范围overstep one’s authority惩罚和宽大相结合bine punishment with leniency惩罚少数、改造多数的原那么 principle of punishing the few and reforming the many 惩罚措施 punitive measure惩罚性制裁 punitive sanction惩罚与教育相结合 bination of punishment and education处以刑罚 inflict punishment处以有徒刑 sentence to fixed-term imprisonment触犯法律 break the law; violate the law抽逃出资罪 crime of flight of capital contribution抽象行政行为 abstract administrative act出口骗税犯罪活动 criminal activities of eating out of tax rebates in export伪造罪 crime of selling counterfeit currency出于对法律的无知 from ignorance of law出于恶意 from malevolence从轻处分 gie a lesser punishment从重处分 give a severer punishment罪 crime of bribe taken by a unit单一犯罪构成 single constitution of crime盗伐林木罪 crime of illegally opping down trees; crime of illegally felling trees盗窃、抢夺支、弹药、物罪 crime of stealing or seizing guns, ammunition or explosives盗窃犯 theft act; larcenist渎职犯罪案件case of dereliction of duty对象不能犯 object impossibility屡次作案 repeatedly mit crimes罚不当罪 punishment does not fit the crime犯意 criminal intent; mens real犯罪低龄化 lowering ages of criminal offenders犯罪动机 criminal motive犯罪构成 constitution of a crime; constitutive elements of a crime犯罪构成要件 special constitutive elements of crime犯罪成心 criminal intent; guilty intent; meas rea犯罪集团 criminal gang; criminal gro犯罪客观要件 objective circumstances of a crime犯罪客体 criminal object; object of a crime犯罪实行终了 pletion of a criminal act犯罪学 criminology。
法律英语翻译常用专业词汇
法律英语翻译常用专业词汇引言随着全球化的加速发展，法律翻译成为越来越重要的领域，特别是涉及跨国交易和法律纠纷解决。
在进行法律翻译时，熟悉和正确使用常用的法律英语专业词汇是非常重要的。
本文将介绍一些常见的法律英语翻译词汇，以帮助读者在法律翻译工作中胜任。
常见法律英语词汇1. 法律文件名称•Complnt（诉状）•Writ（文书）•Summons（传票）•Affidavit（宣誓书）•Indictment（起诉书）•Subpoena（传唤令）•Pleading（辩词）•Judgment（判决书）•Decree（裁定书）2. 法律程序•Trial（审判）•Hearing（听证会）•Arrgnment（提讯）•Bl（保释）•Plea（答辩）•Evidence（证据）•Witnesses（证人）•Cross-examination（盘问）•Verdict（裁决）3.法律机构名称•Court（法庭）•Judge（法官）•Attorney（律师）•Prosecutor（检察官）•Plntiff（原告）•Defendant（被告）•Jury（陪审团）•Bliff（法警）4. 合同和协议•Contract（合同）•Agreement（协议）•Terms and Conditions（条款和条件）•Breach（违约）•Consideration（对价）•Indemnification（赔偿）•Confidentiality（保密）•Force Majeure（不可抗力）5. 知识产权•Intellectual Property（知识产权）•Patent（专利）•Trademark（商标）•Copyright（版权）•Infringement（侵权）•Royalty（版税）6. 公司法•Corporation（公司）•Shareholder（股东）•Board of Directors（董事会）•Articles of Incorporation（公司章程）•Shareholder Meeting（股东会议）•Merger（合并）7. 证明和认证•Notarization（公证）•Certification（认证）•Authentication（认证）8. 跨国交易•International Trade（国际贸易）•Import（进口）•Export（出口）•Customs（海关）•Tariff（关税）•Free Trade Agreement（自由贸易协定）9. 诉讼程序•Statute of Limitations（诉讼时效）•Discovery（证据交换）•Motion（动议）•Appeal（上诉）•Pretrial Conference（庭前会议）•Statutory Law（法令）•Case Law（判例法）10. 人权•Human Rights（人权）•Civil Liberties（公民权利）•Freedom of Speech（言论自由）•Right to Privacy（隐私权）•Due Process（正当程序）•Equality（平等）结论在法律翻译中，准确理解和恰当使用常见的法律英语专业词汇是至关重要的。
法律翻译常用词汇注释大全
AAb initio从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab initio”。
Accordaccord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。
如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。
Accused被告 Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。
acquireacquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。
在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。
如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。
Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。
Acquittal是名词。
Actact在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear相对应。
如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, theMinister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commissionto act or forbear from。
(完整版)法律英语短语汇总大全
(完整版)法律英语短语汇总大全一、合同和协议- Agreement/Contract: 合同- Amendment: 修订- Breach of contract: 违约- Confidentiality clause: 保密条款- Force majeure: 不可抗力- Governing law: 管辖法律- Indemnification: 赔偿- Jurisdiction: 管辖区域- Liquidated damages: 违约金- Non-disclosure agreement: 保密协议- Termination clause: 终止条款- Validity: 有效性二、法律程序- Appellant: 上诉人- Bail: 保释- Defendant: 被告- Evidence: 证据- Hearing: 审理- Injunction: 禁令- Judgment: 判决- Legal counsel: 法律顾问- Plaintiffs: 原告- Trial: 审判- Verdict: 裁决- Witness: 证人三、知识产权- Copyright: 版权- Infringement: 侵权- Intellectual property: 知识产权- Patent: 专利- Trademark: 商标- Royalties: 版税- Trade secret: 商业秘密- Fair use doctrine: 合理使用原则- License agreement: 许可协议- Prior art: 先知技术- Utility model: 实用新型四、责任和赔偿- Negligence: 疏忽- Damages: 损害赔偿- Liability: 责任- Mitigation: 缓解- Tort: 侵权行为- Misrepresentation: 虚假陈述- Personal injury: 人身伤害- Strict liability: 严格责任- Breach of duty: 违反职责五、公司法和商法- Director: 董事- Shareholder: 股东- Merger and acquisition: 兼并收购- Partnership: 合伙企业- Proxy: 代理人- Articles of incorporation: 公司章程- Bylaws: 公司章程- IPO (Initial Public Offering): 首次公开发行- Stock option: 股票期权六、人权和公民权- Freedom of speech:- Equality: 平等- Discrimination: 歧视- Privacy: 隐私权- Human rights: 人权- Freedom of religion: 宗教自由- Right to vote: 选举权- Due process: 正当程序- Civil rights: 公民权利- Prohibition of torture: 禁止酷刑以上仅为一小部分法律英语短语，希望对您有帮助！以上是一份完整的法律英语短语汇总，包括合同和协议、法律程序、知识产权、责任和赔偿、公司法和商法以及人权和公民权等方面的常用词汇。
《商法学》商法英语词汇库
《商法学》商法英语词汇库商法总论商人法law merchant 商法commercial law mercantile Law Business Law 禁反言estoppel 商事关系commercial relation 主观主义标准standard of subjectivism 客观主义标准standard of objectivism商事法律关系Legal commercial relation商人人格关系commercial personality relation商事营业关系commercial business relation新商人主义标准Standard of neo- merchant creed 民商立法体制civil and commercial legislative system民商分立体制separation system of civil and commercial codes民商合一体combination system of civil and commercial codes分合折衷体制eclecticism legislative system主观意义的企业business客观意义的企业enterprise商主体merchant commercial person商行为commercial action商事代理commercial agent商业名称trade name行纪人broker公司corporation company合伙partnership合股公司joint-stock company特许公司chartered corporation注册公司registered corporation法定公司statutory corporation无限公司unlimited corporation有限责任公司limited corporation股份有限公司limited by shares母公司parent corporation子公司susbsidiaries上市公司quoted corporation公司集团groups 保证公司limited by guarantee慈善公司charitable corporation控股公司holding corporation; holding company公开公司publicly held corporation闭锁公司closely held corporation公公司a pub1ic company私公司a private company一人公司one-man company公司治理corporation governance公司人格corporation personality契约束nexus of contract公司法人格否认Disregard of Corporate Personality刺破公司面纱Piercing the Corporate Veil揭开公司面纱，Lifting the veil of the Corporation普通合伙general partnership有限合伙Limited partnerships合伙人partner有限责任limited liability 公司章程articles of association注册证书certificate of incorporation articles of incorporation发起人的受托义务Promoter’s fiduciary obligation认购协议subscription agreement既成事实公司de facto corporation法律上的公司de jure corporation公司设立瑕疵defective incorporation受托人义务fiduciary obligation结论性证据conclusive evidengce 股份share股息dividends 关联第三方connected third parties 出资（投资）invest 股东shareholder 小股东minority shareholder 单个股东individual shareholder 消极股东passive shareholder积极股东active shareholder 刺穿公司面纱pierce the corporate veil揭开公司面纱lifting the company veil逆向合并reverse merger收购公司acquiring company正向合并forward merger股权收购share acquisition收购公司acquiring company收购目标公司target company资产收购asset acquisition公司责任liability of corporation公司结构（组织）Corporation constructure董事director高级职员Officer股东权Powers of shareholder选任elect 解任remove年会（常会）annual meeting兼并merger解散dissolution自愿解散voluntary dissolution法院解散judicial dissolution清算liquidation wind up董事会board of directors累计投票权cumulative voting right任期term董事的延期holdover director董事的解除removal of director董事会会议directors’meeting公告notice法定人数quorum少数lower number绝对多数super majority自己表决present at vote多数higher number unanimous written consent objection by director委员会committee细则bylaw董事长president公司秘书secretary 股东诉讼shareholders action breaking quorum股东的信息获取权shareholders’informational right股东的帐簿与记录检查权shareholders’inspection of books and records公司融资corporation finance财务报告financial report损益表income statement资产负债表balance sheet年度报告annual report季度报告quarterly report掺水股票watered stock trust fund theory许可authorization发起人promoter营业执照trade charter票面价值par value misrepresentation theory优先购买权pre-emptive right库藏股treasury shares受托责任fiduciary duty public offerings of securities有价证券security权益证券equity security债务证券debt security债券bond filing of registration statement普通股common stock优先股preferred stock资本capital授权且己发行资本authorized and issued Capital授权资本（名义资本）authorized capital、nominal capital己发行资本issued capital已缴资本paid—up capital待缴资本uncalled capital 催缴股本called-up capital保留资本reserve capital股权资本equity capital 借贷资本loan capital声明股本stated capital票面价值par value,缩写为PV无票面价值no par value 缩写NPV 法定资本制legal capital system授权资本制system authorized Capital转投资reinvestment资本确定原则prinzipdesfesten grund kapitals资本维持原则principle of maintenance of capital资本不变原则Prinzipder Bestandingkedes Grund kapitals重组re-classified股票再分割sub-divide注销cancel注册资本the registered capital分配distribution 公司登记官the Registrar合并股份consolidate分割股份divide库存股treasure stock减资决议a resolution for reducing share capital红利股bonus shares雇员持股制度an employees’share system设立报告incorporators＇report 资本不足inadequate Capitalization最低资本额制度grundsatz des mindestgrund kapitals商业登记官the commercial Register授权资本额the amount of the authorized capital创立主义konstruktionsprinzip、Incorporation 净资产net assets、net worth资本盈余paid-in surplus缴付盈余paid-in surplus减资盈余reduction surplus泡沫法案The bubble act合股公司法The joint-stock companiesAct泡沫废止法The Bubble Act Repeal Act代理理论Principal-agent Theory契约的集合nexus of contracts越权行为ultra vires act特许公司中chartered corporation优先债权人senior creditor次位债权subordinated creditor公司治理corporate governance股东之公平对待the equitable treatment of shareholders股东之权利the rights of shareholders信息揭露及透明性disclosure and transparency董事会的责任the responsibilities of the board股权代理人proxy监事会aufsichtsrat , supervisor board董事与公司间之交易self-dealing动机不纯之公司行为corporate action with mixed motives挪用公司或股东财产the taking of corporate or shareholder property代表诉讼derivative suit少数股东权derivative action董事义务与责任shareholder' right and liability买回repurchase交叉持股cross ownership 重整corporate reorganization股东会shareholder meeting董事会board of directors独立董事Independent Director内部董事inside director公司经理人officer外部监察人outside supervisor 执行委员会executive committee 监察委员会audit committee 报酬委员会remuneration committee 提名委员会nominating committee 经营判断原则The Business Judgment Rule关系人交易conflict of interest股份收买请求权appraisal right资本不足under capitalization未遵守公司形式failure to follow corporate formalities公司财务报表、功能、或人员之重叠overlap of corporate records function or personnel资产混淆commingling of assets股东之支配能力shareholder domination不实陈述misrepresentation）诈欺fraud 具有支配权之股东dominant shareholder公司机会corporate opportunity无表决权股non-voting share多数表决权股multiple-voting share表决权信托voting trust认股选择权制度stock option新股认购权warrant章程(组织)大纲英国称为memorandum of association 和articles of association,而在美国则被称为articles 和bylaws。
法律英语词汇：民法、商法和经济法
合同履行地法 lex loci contractus
合同期限contract period (or contract term)
合同条款contract terms (or contract clause)
个人合伙：individual partnership
各尽所能，按劳分配 from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs
给付定金：leave a deposit with the other party
财产法 property law
财产的添附 accretion of property; property accession
财产抵押权 property mortgage
财产继承权：the right of inheritance
财产关系和人身关系：property relationships and personal relationships
长期合同 long-term contract
偿付能力 solvency capability of reimbursement
超越代理权：beyond the scope of one’s power of agency
撤消合同cancellation of contract
集体所有制企业：an enterprise under collective ownership
技术合同纠纷案件 controversy over a technology contract
监护人：guardian
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代理权终止
the expiration of one’s power of agency
本人名义
in one’s name
查封、扣押、冻结、没收
seize, encroach upon, privately divide, destroy or illegally seal up, distrain, freeze or confiscate
委托代理
entrusted agency
法定代理
statutory agency
指定代理
appointed agency
委托代ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้人
an entrusted agent
被代理人
the principal
行使代理权
exercise the power of agency
采用书面形式
in writing
超越代理权
财产继承权
the right of inheritance
优先购买的权利
a right of pre-emption
埋藏物、隐藏物
buried or concealed object
遗失物、漂流物
lost-and-found objects, flotsam
买卖、出租、抵押、转让
be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred
提供一定的财产作为抵押物
offer a specific property as a pledge
以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还
to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pledge
无国籍人
stateless persons
民事权利能力
the capacity for civil rights
完全民事权利能力
full capacity for civil conduct
限制民事行为能力人
a person with limited capacity for civil conduct
按照出资比例
in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment
承担连带责任
undertake joint liability for
追偿
claim compensation from
法人
legal person
法人组织章程
承担责任
be held responsible
造成财产损失
cause any property loss
宣告为无（限制）民事行为能力人
declare…to be a person to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct
下落不明
给付定金
leave a deposit with the other party
双倍返还定金
repay the deposit in double
占有人有权留置该财产
the possessor shall have a lien on the property
将合同的权利、义务全部或部分转让给第三人
无民事行为能力人
a person having no capacity for civil conduct
法定代理人
agent ad litem
代理民事活动
be represented in civil activities by
监护人
guardian
户籍所在地
the place where his residence is registered
经主管机关核准登记
approved and registered by the competent authority
工商行政管理机关
the administrative agency for industry and commerce
核准登记的经营范围
within the range approved and registered
住所
domicile
经常居住地
habitual residence
居民委员会
the neighborhood committee
村民委员会
the village committee
民政部门
the civil affairs department
履行监护职责
fulfill duty of guardianship
请求人民法院或者仲裁机关予以变更
request a people’s court or an arbitration agency to alter
恶意串通
conspire maliciously
有过错的一方
the erring party
附条件的民事法律行为
conditional civil juristic acts
乘人之危
take advantage of one’s unfavorable position
以合法形式掩盖非法目的
perform under the guise of legitimate acts which conceal illegitimate purposes
具有法律约束力
be legally binding
disbanding of an enterprise as legal person
企业法人被撤销
the dissolution of an enterprise as legal person
事业单位
institution
社会团体
social organization
经济实体
economic entity
transfer all or part of its contractual rights or obligations to a third party
取得不当得利
profits acquired improperly and without a lawful basis
无因管理
act as manager or provide services in order to protect another person’s interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so
one’s whereabouts have been unknown
个体工商户
individual businesses
农村承包经营户
Lease holding farm households
个人合伙
individual partnership
合伙人
partner
承担民事责任
bear civil liability for
the articles of association of the legal person
主要办事机构
the main administrative office
全民所有制企业
an enterprise owned by the whole people
集体所有制企业
an enterprise under collective ownership
assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt
享有连带权利的每个债权人
each of the joint creditors
负有连带义务的每个债务人
each of the joint debtors
有权向债务人追偿
have the right to claim repayment from the debtor
取得法人资格
be qualified as a legal person
意思表示真实
the intention expressed is genuine
擅自变更或者解除（民事法律行为）
alter or rescind one’s act arbitrarily
以欺诈、胁迫的手段
as a result of cheating or coercion
民法通则
General Principles of the Civil Law
民事权益
civil rights and interests
平等主体
civil subjects with equal status
财产关系和人身关系
property relationships and personal relationships
设立、变更、终止民事关系
establish, change or terminate civil relationship
按照确定的份额分享权力
be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit
按照确定的份额分担义务
企业法人分立、合并
the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person