项目管理 -英文版

Whether BIM will shake the status of the project manager

1 Introduction

In recent years, BIM (Building Information Modeling) has been widely used in the field of construction and achieved good results, which has an impact in many aspects of project management and also put forward some new requirements for the abilities and training methods of the project manager. The article analyses the application and development of BIM, the occupational characteristics of the project manager firstly, and then analyses the question that whether BIM will shake the position of the project manager or not, and gives the answer finally.

2 The application and development of BIM

BIM (Building Information Modeling) is the related detailed expression of the project based on the foundation of three dimensional digital technologies and the construction data model of the relevant information of construction engineering project. The application of BIM is used to solve the problem of description in the construction work, is the foundation for designer and engineering technical personnel to responding to a variety of architectural information and working together.

BIM is the digital method used in design, construction and management, this method supports the integrated management environment of construction engineering, and can make the construction work improve efficiency significantly in the whole life cycle and reduce risks. Besides, the structure of BIM is a composite structure contained data model and behavior model, which means that it not only contains data model that related to geometry graph and data, but also contains behavior that related to management, the two parts combined together, so as to be used in simulating the behaviors of the real world. For example, simulating the structural stress conditions and the heat transfer condition of retaining structure. Of course, the behavior simulation relates to the quality of information closely.

The application of BIM can support the continuous application and the real-time application of all kinds of information existed in the project, these information are

high-quality, reliable, high level of integration and can be coordinated fully, which improve the quality and efficiency of design and even the whole project, reduce costs significantly. The immediate benefits brought by the application of BIM are that making construction project faster, cheaper and more accurate, and letting the various types of work cooperate with each other better, so as to reduce the error risk of the drawing. The long-term benefits that brought by the application of BIM beyond the stage of design and implementation, which is good for the operation of construction, maintenance and facilities management in the future, and can save costs.

According to the needs of national resource planning management, under the form of construction life-cycle management and energy saving, the function of BIM in the information construction becoming more and more important. Huge amount of construction brings in a lot of losses caused by information drain in the stage of communication and implementation, the information integration brought by BIM redefines the design process, which improves this situation greatly.

3 The professional characteristics of the project manager

The project manager is the chief of the whole processes of the project implementation, is the organizer of project implementation.

The article analyses the professional characteristics of project managers according to the professional classification. According to different standards, the article classifies profession as the following: conventional type and communication type, line type and spiral type, long-term type and short-term type.

(1)From the point of personality factors, the project manager belongs to communicative career. They need to coordinate the various internal and external relations, and integrate all of the resources for achieving the expected goal. Besides, to the external environment, they also need to develop rich social resources continuously to provides services to the project stages; to the internal environment, they need to take full use of the advantages of each members who participant in the project, so generally speaking, the project manager should has the personality traits of friendliness, enthusiasm and wisdom.

(2)From the point of the direction of career development, the project manager belongs to a spiral development career. Transferring from a specialized area to another expertise