状语从句讲解和习题附答案解析

状语从句

（一）状语从句概述

定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。

位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。

作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。

（二）状语从句详解

1. 时间状语从句

引导词用法示例

when意为“当…的时候”。

When引导从句的谓语动

词可以是延续性动词，也

可以是瞬间动词。并且

when有时表示“就在那

时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。

When he arrives, I’ll call you.

When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.

while意为“在…的时候，在…

的同时”。While引导从

句的谓语动词必须是延续

性的，发生时间较长，并

强调主句和从句的动作同

时发生（或者相对应）。

While有时还可以表示对

比。While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.

While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.

as意为“一边…一边…”。The writer was angry as

As引导的动作是延续性的，发生时间较短，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调一前一后。he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space”.

He smiled as he stood up.

after意为“在…之后”。表示

主句动作发生在从句动作

之后。主句与从句的动作

时间关系与before引导

的从句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished.

If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.

before意为“在…之前”。引导

的从句不用否定形式的谓

语，并且当before引导

的从句位于主句之后，有

时译成“就，才”。当主

句用将来时，从句总是用

现在时；如果before引

导的从句谓语用的是过去

时，则主句动词多用过去

完成时，这样以便体现动

作的先后。You can’t watch TV before you finish your homework.

Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty. My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.

till意为“直到”。一般情况

下可以和until互换。如

果主句中的谓语动词是瞬

时动词时，必须用否定形

式；如果主句中的谓语动

词是延续性动词时，用肯She didn’t even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to side) light.

The fireman worked very

定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。hard till the fire was out.

until意为“直到”。在强调句

型中多用until。如果主

句中的谓语动词是瞬时动

词时，必须用否定形式；

如果主句中的谓语动词是

延续性动词时，用肯定和

否定形式都可以，但表达

的意思不同。I’m waiting for my sister. I won’t go to see my uncle until she comes.

Wait until I finish what I am doing.

since意为“自从，从…以来”。

引导从句的谓语动词可以

是延续性的动词，也可以

是瞬时动词。一般情况下，

从句谓语动词用一般过去

时，而主句的谓语动词用

现在完成时。但在It is

+时间+since从句的句型

中，主句多用一般现在时。I have been studying hard since I entered the high school.

It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.

It is five years months since our boss was not in Beijing.

as soon

as 意为“一…就…”。引导

时间状语从句时，如果主

句用了将来时，从句一般

使用现在时。

Tom will call me as soon

as he gets home.

I will call you as soon

as I arrive.

2.地点状语从句

引导词用法示例

where意为“哪里”。“where引导

的地点状语从句，Where there is a will, there is a way.