考研英语语法定语

现在分词短语
5. The window broken by kids is mine.
过去分词短语
什么可以做定语？
对比:
the growth of the use of English
英语的使用的增长
a number of foreign visitors
许多外国游客
那么这句怎么理解？
a host of examples of the social problems
Look at all these countries I used to own.
exercises:
Many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played.（2008 年 Text4）
exercises:
Many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played.（2008 年 Text4） 许多历史学家开始关注奴隶制所扮演的角色。
学习定语从句的现实意义：
The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe.（2004 年翻译）
学习定语从句的现实意义：
非限定性定语从句
知识点和练习
①专有名词
They climbed to the top of Mount Tai, where they enjoyed the view of sunrise.
2015/5/24
②类指
A bear, which is thought as foolish, is actually clever.
exercises:
There exists no language in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.（2005 年 Text4） 世界上不存在无法传达复杂思想的语言。
Look at all these countries which/that I used to own.
The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe.（2004 年翻译） 希腊人认为语言的结构与思想的过程有某种联系，这（种观点）在欧洲扎下了根。
why / which ?
Your dad will not believe the reason _______ you told him. This is the reason _______ we chose Mr. Li the chairman.
① 定语从句的间隔修饰 ② 关系词的省略 ③ in which
I will never forget the day _w_h_i_c_h_/_th_a_t_I spent with Mr. Bean.
where / which ?
The factory _____ I bought is over there. The factory _____ I work is over there.
Those are the students who saved the cat and help it to find its home.
翻译规则： 1.找名词后面跟着关系词。 2.把从句部分翻译到名词前面（定语从句小于8个单词）。 3.把从句部分单独成句（定语从句大于8个单词）。
Those are the students who saved the cat and help it to find its home. 就是那些学生，救了那只猫并帮它找到了家。
2015/5/24
③先行项是句子
President Obama is changed into a woman, which 2015/5/24 is really funny.
练习：
I didn’t buy the flowers which made her angry.
I didn’t buy the flowers, which made her angry.
什么可以做定语？
2. 为什么有的用doing做定语，有的用done做定语？ 为什么有的在名词前面，有的在后面？
a flying car
The car flying in the sky is mine.
a broken window
The window broken by kids is mine..
关系词
关系代词：
that, which, who, whom, whose
关系副词有： when, where, why
关系词
关系代词：
在从句中充当主语，宾语
（从句缺少主语，宾语，选关系代词）
关系副词有： 在从句中充当状语
（从句不缺少主语、宾语，选关系副词）
I will never forget the day _w__h_e_n__ I joined the Party.
翻译规则： 1.找名词后面跟着关系词。 2.把从句部分翻译到名词前面（定语从句小于8个单词）。 3.把从句部分单独成句（定语从句大于8个单词）。
Those are the students who saved the cat. 那些是救了那只猫的学生。
翻译规则： 1.找名词后面跟着关系词。 2.把从句部分翻译到名词前面（定语从句小于8个单词）。 3.把从句部分单独成句（定语从句大于8个单词）。
1.People_who_ are overweight need more water than thin people. 2.I can't remember the place _where_ I lived many years ago. 3. He is the boy _whose_ name is Jack. 4. I can never forget the day _when_ we worked together. 5. Cindy wants to buy the book _which/that_ was written by Mo Yan.
关系代词/关系副词
who/whom which whose when where why
① 修饰时间 ② 谁 修饰人称 ③ 修饰地点 ④ 修饰物品等名词 ⑤ 谁的 ⑥ 修饰原因
关系代词/关系副词
who/whom
可以用that代替
which
whose
when
where
why
① 修饰时间 ② 谁 修饰人称 ③ 修饰地点 ④ 修饰物品等名词 ⑤ 谁的 ⑥ 修饰原因
二、后置定语
什么可以做定语？
1. Let’s talk about something interesting.
形容词
2. The bottle on the table is beautiful.
介词短语
3. I have a chance to study abroad.
不定式短语
4. The car flying in the sky is mine.
一、前置定语
什么可以做定语？
1. a famous American university
形容词
2. two boys need two pens
数词
3. Family risk has risen as well.
名词
4. The shop sells all kinds of hats.
介词短语
什么可以做定语？
真题例句： Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote. (2008 text 4) 在旧时代，奴隶没有选举权。 They have no need to cultivate political support. (2012 完型改编） 他们没有培养政治支持的必要。
区别：
宾语从句：在及物动词后面；which（哪一个）that（没有意义），其他连词意义不变 定语从句：在名词后面；which/ that指代被修饰的名词，who/ whom指代被修饰的人
when指代被修饰的时间名词，where指代被修饰的地点名词，why指代reason
另外：what, whether (or not), if 可以引导宾语从句，但不可以引导定语从句
2.百度文库分 词
非谓语
doing 现在分词 done 过去分词
作定语（adj.）
主动 被动
定语从句复习
初高中的知识点和练习
定语从句
This is a beautiful girl. This is a girl who is beautiful.
用一个句子充当定语
定语从句
This is a beautiful girl. This is a girl who is beautiful.
区别：
I can‘t remember who has come to my of office. I can‘t remember the man who has come to my of office. I want to know which book is better. I want to read the book which is better.
Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live. （2003 年翻译）
Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live. （2003 年翻译） 此外，人类有能力改变他们生活的环境。
Enoki is a kind of food which/that is hard to digest.
exercises:
There exists no language in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.（2005 年 Text4）
考研英语语法
如何找谓语？
do 原形 does 单三 did 过去式
谓语
doing 现在分词／动名词
done 过去分词
非谓语
to do 不定式
doing、done、to do 不能单独做谓语
I do my homework. I am doing my homework. I have done my homework. I want to do my homework.
定语从句学习
重要的知识点和练习
I will never forget the day _____ I joined the Party. I will never forget the day _____ I spent with Mr. Bean.
which/ when
定语从句： 修饰名词或代词的从句。 先行项： 被定语从句修饰的词或句子。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词。
1，修饰名词。在名词后。 2，标志：that, who, which, when, where 3，翻译规则
翻译规则： 1.找名词后面跟着关系词。 2.把从句部分翻译到名词前面（定语从句小于8个单词）。 3.把从句部分单独成句（定语从句大于8个单词）。
Those are the students who saved the cat.
许多社会问题的例子
什么可以做定语？
1. 名词way，time，reason，chance，opportunity，need，ability，right，等 用不定式做定语 真题例句： Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote. (2008 text 4) They have no need to cultivate political support. (2012 完型改编）