英语重要知识点

(1)、形近词辨析(2)、近义词的辨析（难）常考(3)、短语辨析（动词+介词搭配）一、短语breakbreak away(from) 脱离，逃跑break down 损坏，分离，瓦解break in/into 强行进入，冲入break off 断绝，结束，中断，绝交break out 爆发，突然发生（战争.事故等），脱逃break through突破（障碍）等break up中止，结束，打破，拆散，（身体）变弱，衰弱bringbring about带来，造成，引起（造成）=（lead to，result to ,give rise to ,on account of/to due tobe virtue of 因为）bring down 打倒，挫伤，降低bring forth 产生，提出bring forward 提出come up withbring up教育，培养（常考），使成长/was brought up in/by sbcall(经常考)call off取消，放弃（cancel）call on sb（upon）拜访某人，要求做….,请求call on sb to do/ask号召某人做某事call up召集,动员,使人想起call in 召集,召来call for 要求,需要,提倡,邀请,为….叫喊call at拜访，访问，停靠(车站)call by顺道访问side effect/by effect 副作用by 都有附属的/旁边的意思carry（常考）carry off夺去，度过，完成，勇敢的面对，坚持carry on继续下去，坚持下去carry out 贯彻，执行，实现（常考）catchcatch on理解，明白，受欢迎，流行catch upwith 追上，赶上catch sight of看到（很重要）come (年年考)come on 请，进展，发展，开始，来临（常考）come out 出版，刊出，结果是，结局是=turn out to be come round /around 来访，前来，苏醒，复原come through经历，脱险，（常考）（苦痛的经历）through 一般指艰辛的过程come to苏醒，复苏，共计，达到come up with 提出，追赶上，come into 得到，继承come across 偶然，碰到（常考）come up for air喘口气come down with （病）付钱，染上（病）坏习惯come down to 屈尊做某事，归结起来count on 依赖，依靠（The whole team count on Cristiano Ronaldo ,and he seldom lets them down .)整个wait on 伺候，服侍call on 号召drawdraw in (火车，汽车) 到达draw on 吸收，利用draw up 写出，画出，草拟draw out 拉长，拔出draw off 放干，消除draw a conclusion 得出结论考试中遇到就选他们withdraw 撤走，拿走entitle（使….具备做某事的资格）overwhelming 占主导位置deny拒绝否认由于Due to /owing to /thanks to(多亏）相当于because of / as a result of /in virtue of /because of导致Result in导致的原因Her sense of inferiority（自卑情绪）result in her unfortunate family background.(真题）Resut from 导致的结果Bring aboutLead todropdrop by/in 顺便走访drop off 减弱，减少，打瞌睡=doze offdrop out退出，离队，不参与，弃权=abandon ，进展，相处，融洽getget along on /with get on well with somebodyget round /around(消息)传开=Word/rumor 谣言rumor get around 谣言满天飞get away 离开，逃脱get by 通过，经过get down 从….下来，写下get down to开始着手做某事=set about，take upget rid of除掉，去掉，革除，摒除=disposegive（当心）give away分送，泄露，出卖give back 送还，恢复=returngive in投降，屈服=yiled togive off释放，放出，发出=hand out,distribute分配，散布，分发，把…分类give up放弃，停止，投降surrender vi 屈服，投降hand in/out 一般互为一对反义词hand down 把…传下去（指从上一代传到下一代）hand in 上交，递交hand on 把…传下去（依次传递）hand out发给，分发，散发（反义词hand in/distribute）hand over交出，交付，移交，让与（反义词take over 接管，接替）look 不及物动词look系动词smell闻，sound听taste尝，feel 感觉look after照料，照顾，注意look down upon/on 看不起，轻视look for 期待，盼望，寻找，搜求look forward to 盼望，期待=expectlook in 顺便看望=drop in ,call inlook into调查，观察look through仔细察看，浏览，温习look up 查阅，查询，查字典search 寻找putput down 拆毁=tear down（拆信封），take down ，put in （车）停下，进站，（船）到岸put out 拔出，抽出，取出，（车，船）驶出put up （使）停下，举起，张贴，建造，提高He put up as a candidate .他作为候选人参选。

Anna put up a mild protest.(n抗议，反对，申明, Vi 抗议，断言vt 抗议，声明，反对）安娜提出温和抗议。

put up with 容忍，忍受put over （车）靠边停setset about 开始，着手（doing）set aside搁在一边，留出，挑出（set…aside）set back推迟，延缓，阻碍（常考）set fire to 放火，点着了…，激起，燃点set out动身，启程，开始，制定（to do）set out to 打算，开始，着手（=set about doing ）set up 创立，建立，树立take after 与…相像，效仿take apart 拆开，拆卸，（机器）take…apart take away 消除，消耗take down 记下，写下take in接受，吸收，了解，理解take off 起飞，脱下take on（sb）呈现，接纳，开始雇佣(常考) take over接管，接办take up采取，接纳，占据take apart in 参与，参加=participate intake place发生take …for example 用…为例take…for granted 把…认为是理所应当的turn（常考）turn downturn in 交还，上交hand inturn off 关掉，断开turn on 接通，打开turn out （to be ）结果是，（最后）证明是turn over 移交，转交(=hand over ),翻过来，翻到turn to （sb）变成，求助于，借助于turn up 到来，出现joinjoin in 参加join the army，join up 参军enlistHe decide to enlist.他决定参军。

He enlisted in the army.他参军了。

in relation to 与…有关I have a lot say in relation to that affair.关于那件事，我有很多话要讲。

in response to 对…做出反应in favor of 赞成反义词oppose ,be opposed to ,object to,be against,argue againstin prossession of 拥有(人做主语)，占有in the prossession of （物做主语）in contrast to 和…相反二、词汇词汇题常考题型com/con很重要的字段1、形近词辨析deceive 欺骗conceive构思，怀孕conceal 隐瞒，隐藏concept 观念，观点，思想If you conceal your friends ,you may lose them.2、senseless 麻木,无知的，愚昧的sensitive 敏感的，易受影响的sensible 明智的，合符情理的insensible 无疼痛感觉的，不知道的An author must not be too sensitive to criticism.(批评)3.近义词辨析三、语法1.考倍数只考两倍（twice）twice as much as/twice as much2.考分数two-thirds(1.基数词+序数词（2.分子大于1，分母用复数3.比较级the more…the more ,as much an art as,as qualified as 和…一样优秀越来越（1. It is generally believed that the more exercise you do,the healthier you will become.(2.I thought his speech would be interesting,but it turned out that the more he talked,the more I became bored.4.非谓语动词to do（考的几率小）/v-ing(进行时)/v-ed（过去分词）（句首）⑴---（1）、（2）------，×××⑴v-ing(主语发出)Judging by David’s expression ,we’d say he is not good mood today.（2）v-ed (被做)Seen from the hill-top ,the lake scenery is beyond description.（难以言表）（真题）②×（1）、（2）××------××××，独立主格（1）自己做The decision having been made ,the next problem was how to make a good plan.(真题)（2）被做5、情态动词（虚拟语气过去猜测情态动词+完成时）-“Have you seen Mary today?”-“No ,I think she must have been away on her vacation.”(有否定所以只能用must have done)6、虚拟语气（过去，将来，现在）⑴、与过去事实相反结构从句had+过去分词主句用should(would/could/might)have+动词原形例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday,we could have played tennis.如果昨天没下雨吗，我们就能打网球了。