中考被动语态考梳理(2019)

2019中考被动语态考点梳理

语态有“主动”与“被动”两种。主动语态表示主语与谓语之间形成的是主谓关系，例如“某人做某事、某事发生了”等。被动语态则表示主语与谓语之间形成的是动宾关系，例如“某人被告知某事、某事被做了”等。我们在解答被动语态试题时，应了解中考关于被动语态的命题特点，做到以下“六注意”：

一、注意题中有“陷阱”

部分考查主动语态的单选题，常以动词的被动形式作为干扰项。也就是说，这类试题貌似考查被动语态，其实是考查主动语态。这类“声东击西”的试题往往会使我们在答题时误入“陷阱”。

【中考例题】

1. (2015安顺) Premier Zhou Enlai ______ for many years, he still lives in the hearts of

Chinese people.

A. died

B. was died

C. has been dead

D. has been died

2. (2015广州) Miss Brown, we ______ cleaning our classroom. Can you go home now?

A. finish

B. finishing

C. are finished

D. have finished

3. (2014菏泽) Look, so many people are running our of the station. I wonder what ______.

A. is happened

B. was happening

C. is happening

D. had happened

4. (2013荆门) Since 2000, Jingmen has become a new city. Everything ______.

A. is changed

B. was changed

C. had changed

D. has changed

5. (2013兰州) —The food looked bad, but it ______ OK.

—So we can’t judge a man by his appearance.

A. is tasted

B. tasted

C. was tasted

D. taste

6. (2013常州) This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ______ well.

A. sells

B. sell

C. is sold

D. are sold

7. (2013河南) —Excuse me. I’m looking for Be the Best of Yourself.

—Sorry. The book you ask for ______ out.

A. is selling

B. is sold

C. was selling

D. will be sold

【答题策略】第1题中的die属于不及物动词，不能用be died，也没有have been died等被动形式；句中还有表示“一段时间”的状语for many years，因此要选主动语态的完成时作为句子的谓语。第2题中的finish属于及物动词，可以有被动，但是本句的主语是we，“我们”和“完成”属于主谓关系，因此本句要用主动语态。第3题中的happen属于不及物动词，不能用is / was / have been happened等被动形式。第4题中的“事物”与“变化”属于主谓关系，故用主动语态。第5题中空格后的OK是形容词，意为“好的，不错的”，因此可以看出空格处应是表示“尝起来(味道是)……”的连系动词，英语中，连系动词没有被动语态。

第6题中考查主动结构表被动含义。某些可以和well，easily，smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词(如wash，sell，grow等)，当主语是无生命的名词或代词时，常用主动语态形式表

示被动含义，表示“主语本身做得怎么样”，如sell well意为“畅销”，grow easily意为“长得容易；很容易生长”等。但是当主语是“物品”时，动词短语sell out (卖完)要用被动语态，如第7题。

二、注意语态、时态综合考查

据句中的时间状语选择对应的时态。如果没有明确的时间状语，则根据上下文提供的信息判断对应的时态。

【中考例题】

8. (2015成都) Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees _____ every spring.

A. were planted

B. are planted

C. will be planted

D. will plant

9. (2014广东) —Chinese ______ by many people all over the world today.

—Yes, I agree with you.

A. learnt

B. is learn

C. is learnt

D. is learning

10. (2015克拉玛依) —Did Jack come to our party yesterday? —No, he ______.

A. didn’t invite

B. wasn’t invited

C. isn’t invited

D. hasn’t invited

11. (2015重庆B) Our new library ______ last year. We enjoyed reading and studying in it.

A. builds

B. built

C. is built

D. was built

12. (2015梅州) The 31st Games ______ in Rio de Janeiro of Brazil next year.

A. is held

B. will hold

C. will be held

D. is going to hold

13. (2015泰安) —Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday this Saturday?

—I’m not sure. Because I ______ so far.

A. have invited

B. wasn’t invited