生物英语词汇
生物专业词汇英文
生物专业词汇英文生物专业词汇英文生物篇一:常用生物学英语词汇Aacceptor受体acetate醋酸盐;醋酸根acetyl乙酰基.actin肌动蛋白actinomycinD放线菌素Dactivation活化;激活activesite活性中心adenine腺嘌呤adenosine腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl腺苷的adenovirus腺病毒adheringjunctings粘着连接adhesion粘着;附着adjacent毗邻的adrenal肾上腺的,肾上腺affinity亲和;吸引agar琼脂,洋菜agarose琼脂糖agency媒介agent剂aggregate聚合体albumin白蛋白,清蛋白allelc等位基因allele等位基因突变遗传因子allostericmodification别构修饰allosteric别构的Alzheimer’sdisease阿尔茨海默氏病amino氨基的~acid氨基酸aminopeptidase氨基肽酶amphibian两栖动物amphipathic两亲的两性的amylase淀粉酶anaerobic厌氧的analysis分析,分解analyze 分析anaphase(细胞分裂的)后期anaphase-promotingcomplex,APC 促后期复合物anarogen雄激素anatomy解剖学anionic阴离子的appropriate适当的approximately近似地,大约artificialchromosome人工染色体aspartic天冬氨酸astrocyte星形(神经胶质),细胞asymmetric不对称的autocatalytic自动催化的autonomouslyreplicating sequenceARS自主复制起序列autophagy自噬作用axon 轴突Bbacteria细菌bacterialartificialchromosome,BAC细菌人工染色体bacteriophage噬菌体basalcellcarcinoma基层细胞癌base碱基basementmembrane基膜bilayer双层binal双重的,两倍的,孪生的binding结合位点blastocoele囊胚腔blastoderm胚盘blastomere卵裂球blastula囊胚Ccancerous癌的capsid(病毒)衣壳carbohydrate碳水化合物,糖类carbonate碳酸盐carboxy羧基carboxylation羧化作用carboxypeptidase羧肽酶carcinogen 致癌剂carcinoma癌cardiovascular心血管的cellsecretion细胞分泌centrifuge离心机cholesterol胆固醇chromatid染色单体chromatin染色质chromatography层析cis-actingelement顺式作用元件cis-Golginetwork,CGN高尔基内侧网络cistron顺反子clathrin-coatedvesicle披网格蛋白小泡clone克隆,无性系(Basidiomycetes)coelom体腔coenzyme辅酶coherent粘着的,连贯的competitiveinhibitor竞争性抵制剂complementary互补的,补充的COPIIcoatedvesiclesCOPII被膜小泡COPIcoatedvesiclesCOPI被膜小泡covalence共价covalentbond共价键covalent共价cross-linked交联的culture培养,栽培cushion缓冲缓和cyclin细胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependentprotein kinases,CDK细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶cytochrome细胞色素cytomembranesysteme膜系统cytoplasm细胞质cytosine胞嘧啶cytoskeleton细胞骨架cytosol胞液,细胞溶质Ddegrade使降解deletion染色体的缺失denaturation变性dendrite树突deoxyribonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic脱氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose脱氧核糖dextran葡聚糖dialysis透析,渗析differentialcentrifugation差速离心differentiation分化diffusion扩散,渗滤dilute稀释dimensional维,度,元dimer二聚体Dockingprotein,DP停泊蛋白dodecyl十二烷基donor供体duplicate复制dynamic动力学的,动态的dyneins动力蛋白dysentery痢疾Eedoplasmicreticulum内质网elaborate精细制作的,复杂的elasticconnectivetissue弹力结缔组织electrophoresis电泳embryo胚,胚胎embryogenesis胚胎发生embryology胚胎学embryonic胚胎的encode编码endocrine 内分泌endocytic细胞内吞作用endocytosis胞吞作用endoderm内胚层endomembranesystems内膜系统endoplasmic内质的endoplasmicreticulum内质网envelope包膜,包被enzyme酶epinephrine肾上腺素epithelial上皮的epithelium上皮ERretentionsignal内质网驻留信号estrogen雌激素ethical伦理的,道德的eukaryotic真核生物的evolution进化,进展exonexotron外显子extracellular细胞外的extractv.抽提Fferredoxin铁氧化还原蛋白fibroblast成纤维细胞filtration过滤作用frequency频率,次数fruitfly果蝇function功能,作用fungi 真菌fusion融合,融合体Ggalactose半乳糖galactosidase半乳糖苷酶galactoside半乳糖苷genus属,类germlayer胚层Golgibody高尔基体Golgicomplex高尔基复合体gonad性腺,生殖腺gonadotropin促性腺激素guanine鸟嘌呤Hhaploid单倍体hereditary遗传hereditary遗传的heritable可遗传的heritable可遗传的,被遗传的heterozygote杂合体heterozygous杂合的histone组蛋白homeostasis体内稳态Homo人(学名)homogenizer匀浆器homologous同源的homozygote纯合体homozygous纯合的hormone激素hydrophilic亲水的hydrophobic疏水的hypertonic 高渗的hypotonic低渗的Iidentical完全相同的,同一的immune免疫的immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白immunology免疫学insulin胰岛素integrate整合integrity完整,完全intermediate中间的,中间产物Intermediatefilaments,IFs中间纤维internal内部的,体内的intracellular细胞内的intricate复杂的.,错综的intrinsic内部的,内在的intron内含子(基因内区)isolation分离isotonic等渗的Kkaryotype核型,染色体组型kidney肾kinesins驱动蛋白kinesis运动Llactose乳糖Lamina核纤层lateral侧面的,横向的lesion损害损毁病变病灶病斑病痕ligases 连接酶lipoprotein脂蛋白luciferase荧光素酶lumen腔luminescence生物发光lymph淋巴lympocyte淋巴细胞lysosome溶酶体lysozyme溶菌酶lytic裂解的Mmacrophage巨噬细胞magnesium镁malignant恶性的marrow髓,骨髓matrix基质mechanism机制meiosis减数分裂membrane-boundorganelles膜细胞器MembraneTrafficking膜运输metabolism新陈代谢metaphase 细胞分裂的中期microfilament微丝microglia小神经胶质细胞micron微米microorganism微生物microplast微原生质体microscope显微镜microtube微管microtubule微管Microtubule organizing centers,MTOC微管组织中心mitosis有丝分裂mitotic有丝分裂的mitoticapparatus纺锤体又称为有丝分裂器modification修饰,修改monomer单体Nnanometer毫微米,纳米naturalselection自然选择nervecord 神经索nerve神经nervous神经的neurilemma神经膜neuroglia神经胶质细胞neuroglial神经胶质细胞的neuron神经元neurotransmitter神经递质neutral中性的neutralize中和nickel 镍nicotinamide烟酰胺nitrate硝酸盐nitric硝酸nitrogen氮noncoding非编码的Nuclearenvelope核膜nuclearexportsignals,NES核输出信号nuclear localizationsignals,NLS核定位信号nuclearporecomplex核孔复合体nucleic核酸nucleolarorganizingregion,(NOR)核仁组织区nucleolus(复数nucleoli)核仁nucleoplasm核基质nucleoprotein核蛋白nucleosome核小体核粒nucleotide核苷酸nucleus细胞核Oobesity肥胖的oligomer寡聚体,低聚体oligosaccharide寡糖oncogene癌基因operon操纵子optimal最适宜的,最理想的organelle细胞器,类器官organism生物体,有机体organize使成有机体organogenesis器官发生ovary子房,卵巢Ppaternal父方的父系的Phagocytosis吞噬作用phagocytize吞噬pivotal中枢的,关键的prolong延长prosthetic辅基protease蛋白酶Rregulatorgene调节基因resin树脂ribonucleic核糖核酸ribose核糖ribosomalRNA核糖体RNAribosome核糖体rotational旋转的Ssarcoma肉瘤semiconserevative半保留的sickle-cell镰状细胞smooth endoplasmic reticulum滑面内质网sodiumdodecylsulfate十二烷基硫酸钠solubility溶解度,可溶性soluble可溶的somatic体细胞的sonication超声处理spiral螺旋的splice剪接spontaneous自发的steroid类固醇stroma间质structuralgene结构基因supercoil超螺旋supernatant上清液susceptible敏感的synapse突触synergistic协作的Ttelomere端粒termination终止terminator终止子thrombin凝血酶thromboplastin促凝血酶原激酶thylakoid类囊体thymine胸腺嘧啶thymus胸腺thyroid甲状腺的,甲状腺thyroid-stimulatinghormone甲状腺刺激素thyroxine甲状腺素tick蜱tightjunctions紧密连接topography地形torsion扭转toxicity 毒性toxin毒素traceelement超微量元素tracer示踪物tranposon转座子trans-actingfactor反式作用因子transacetylase转乙酰基酶transcript转录物转录本transcription转录transferRNA转移RNAtransfer传递,传输,变换transform改变,转化transformation转化transGoljinetwork,TGN 高尔基外侧网络translation翻译,平移translocation易位,转位,转运translocators易位子transmission传送,遗传transportbyvesicles膜泡运输trigger触发物,引发剂,触发triglyceride甘油三酯tumor肿瘤,瘤tumorigenicity致瘤性Uultracentrifuge超速离心机ultraviolet紫外线Vvaccine疫苗viruses病毒YYAC酵母人工染色体Zzinc锌zygote合子,受精卵接种环inoculatingloop灭菌器syringefilters保鲜膜clingfilm 烧杯beaker容量瓶volumetricflask量筒graduatedcylinder漏斗funnel称量纸weighingpaper磁力搅拌器magneticstirring生物就英语篇二:生物英文术语第一章细胞遗传学基础细胞(cell)质膜(plasmamembrane,plasmalemma)细胞器(organelle)线粒体(mitochondria)粗面内质网(roughreticulum,rER)高尔基体(Golgibody)核糖体(ribosome)游离核糖体(freeribosomes)核基质(nuclearmatrix)核仁(nucleolus)常染色质(euchromatin)结构异染色质(constitutiveheterochromatin)染色体(chromosome)主缢痕(primaryconstriction)近中着丝粒染色体(submetacentricchromosome端着丝粒(telocentricchromosome))随体(satellite)核小体(nucleosome)单倍体(haploidy)异源多倍体(allopolyploid)双精受精(dispermy)组成型多倍体(constitutionalpolyploid)非整倍性(aneuploidy)单体性(monosomy)超二倍体(hyperploid)双三体性(ditrisomy)染色体不分离(nondisjunction)后期延迟运动(delayedmovement,lagging)镶嵌型(mosaicism)细胞(cell)质膜(plasmamembrane,plasmalemma)细胞器(organelle)线粒体(mitochondria)粗面内质网(roughreticulum,rER)高尔基体(Golgibody)核糖体(ribosome)游离核糖体(freeribosomes)细胞膜(cellmembrane)细胞质(cytoplasm)基质(cytoplasmicmatrix)内质网(endoplasimic,ER)滑面内质网(smoothendoplasmicreticulum,sER中心体()centrosome)附着核糖体(attachedribosomes)核膜(nuclearmembrane)核液(nuclearsap)染色质(chromatin)异染色质(heterochromatin)兼性异染色质(facultativeheterochromatin)着丝粒(centromere)中着丝粒染色体(metacentricchromosome)近端着丝粒染色体(subtelocentricchromosome次缢痕(secondaryconstriction))端粒(telomere)螺线体(solenoid)多倍体(polyploid)同源多倍体(autopolyploid)合子(zygote)缺倍体(nulliploid)亚倍体(hypoploid)缺对性(nullisomy)三体性(trisomy)四体性(tetrasomy),后期延迟(anaphaselag)混倍性(mixoploidy)嵌合型(chimerism)细胞膜(cellmembrane)细胞质(cytoplasm)基质(cytoplasmicmatrix)内质网(endoplasimic,ER)滑面内质网(smoothendoplasmicreticulum,sER中心体(centrosome)附着核糖体(attachedribosomes)核膜(nuclearmembrane)核基质(nuclearmatrix)核仁(nucleolus)常染色质(euchromatin)染色体(chromosome)主缢痕(primaryconstriction)核液(nuclearsap)染色质(chromatin)异染色质(heterochromatin)着丝粒(centromere)中着丝粒染色体(metacentricchromosome)结构异染色质(constitutiveheterochromatin)兼性异染色质(facultativeheterochromatin)近中着丝粒染色体(submetacentric近端着丝粒染色体(subtelocentricchromosome端着丝粒(telocentricchromosome))随体(satellite)核小体(nucleosome)超螺线体(supersolenoid)核型分析(karyotypeanalysis)C分带(centromerebanding)G分带(Giemsabanding)N分带(Nbanding)细胞周期(cellcycle)有丝分裂(mitosis)有丝分裂期(Mphase)凝线期(synizesis)联会(synapsis)粗线期(pachynema)双线期(diplonema)终变期(diakinesis)染色体重建(chromosomereconstruction)重复(duplication)易位(translocation)假显性现象(pseudodominance)反接重复(reverseduplication)剂量效应(dosageeffect)臂间倒位(pericentricinversion)相互易位(reciprocaltranslocation)复合易位(complextranslocation)第二章分子遗传学基础chromosome次缢痕(secondaryconstriction))端粒(telomere)螺线体(solenoid)核型(karyotype)核型模式图(idiogram)Q分带(quinacrinebanding)R分带(reversebanding)高分辨显带(high-resolutionbanding)间期(interphase)减数分裂(meiosis)细线期(leptonema)偶线期(zygonema)联会复合体(synaptonemalcomplex,SC)双价体(bivalent)交叉端化(terminalizationofchiasmata)浓缩期(diakinesis)缺失(deletion)倒位(inversion)中间缺失(interstitialdeletion)顺接重复(tandemduplication)不等交换(unequalcrossingover)臂内倒位(paracentricinversion)简单易位(simpletranslocation)移位易位(shifttranslocation)等臂染色体(isochromosome)基因gene外显子exon内含子intron基因组genome密码子codon起始密码子initiator同义密码子synonym多义密码子ambiguouscodon核糖体ibosome表观基因组学epigenomics启动子promoter增强子enhancer沉默子silencer化学修饰chemicalmodification基因突变genemutation)碱基base回复突变reversion)暗修复darkrepair)切除修复excisionrepair)缺口修复gaprepair错配修复mismatchrepair重组recombination 同源重组homologousrecombination转座transposition限制性核酸内切酶restrictionendonuclease载体vector第三章免疫遗传学基础免疫力immunity免疫防immunologicdefence自我稳定homeostasis自身免疫病autoimmunedisease非特异性免疫non-specialimmunity特异性免疫specialimmunity免疫应答immuneresponse细胞免疫应答cellularimmunerespons免疫系统immunesystem免疫球蛋白mmunoglobulin(Ig)抗体antibody(Ab)结构域domain型群phenogroup调理作用opsonization基因簇genecluster重组信号序列recombinationsignalsequence(RSS)类别转换classswitch同种型转换isotypeswitch第四章质量性状的遗传质量性状qualititativecharacter遗传descendiblityheredityinherit染色体chromosome性染色体sexchromosome常染色体euchromosome伴性遗传sex-linkedinheritance限性遗传sex—limitedinheritance从性遗传sex—influencedinheritance 血型bloodgroup显性上位作用dominantepistasis隐性上位作用recessiveepistasis重叠作用duplicateeffect基因座位genelocus等位基因allele复等位基因multiplealleles上位基因epistaticgene性连锁基因sex-linkedgene显性性状dominantcharacters隐性性状recessivecharacters育种breeding杂交育种crossbreeding伴性基因sex-linkedgenes隐性纯合子allozygote杂合子heterozygote显性基因dominantgene隐性基因recessivegene就巢性broodiness自别雌雄auto-sexing骡鸭muleduck测交testcross隐性致死recessivelethal半致死基因semi-lethalgene标记基因markergene父本maleparent母本femaleparent繁殖力fecundity遗传效应gencticeffect杂交优势heteroticvigor经济性状practicalcharacters碱基对basepair遗传缺陷geneticdefects下位基因hypostaticgene基因文库genelibrary 完全显性completedominance不完全显性incompletedominance共显性codominance连锁遗传linkageinheritance第五章数量性状的遗传数量性状quantitativetrait表型值phenotypicvalue基因型值genotypicvalue数量性状基因座quantitativetraitlocus主效基因majorgene上位效应epistaticeffect 系统环境效应systimaticevirenmentaleffect随机环境效应randomaticenvirenmentaleffect加性效应additiveeffect显性效应dominanceeffect育种值breedingvalue重复力repeatability 遗传力heritability遗传相关geneticcorrelation表型相关phenotypiccorrelation环境相关environmentalcorrelation 广义遗传力heritabilityinthebroadsense狭义遗传力heritabilityinthenarrowsense实现遗传力realizedhabitability 最大可能生产力mostProbableProducingAbility(MPPA)持久性环境效应permanentenvironmenteffect暂时性环境效应temporaryenvironmentalcoefficient组内相关系数intra-classcorrelationcoefficient最大似然法maximumLikelihood(ML)约束最大似然法restrictedMaximumlikelihood(REML)最小范数二次无偏估计法minimumnormquadraticunbiasedestimation(INQUE) 最小方差二次无偏估计法minimumvariancequadraticunbiasedestimation,(MIVQUE)最佳线性无偏预测bestLinearunbiasedprediction(BLUP)最佳线性无偏估计bestlinearunbiasedestimation(BLUP)混合模型方程mixedmodelequation(ME)方差分析analysisofvariance(ANOVA)类方差分析法ANOVA-likemethod第六章动物生长发育的规律生长growth生长中心growthcenter发育development胚胎期termofembryo生后期termofbirthafter累积生长accumulationgrowth相对生长relativegrowth绝对生长absolutegrowth生长波growthwave第七章性别决定与性别控制雄异配型maleheterogamety雌异配型femaleheterogamety异配性别heterogameticsex同配性别homogameticsex性反转sex-reversal半合基因hemizygousgene从性遗传sex-conditionedinheritance限性遗传sex-limitedinheritanc伴性遗传或性连锁遗传sex-linkedinheritance睾丸决定因子(TDF)testisdeterminingfactor拟(伪)常染色体区域(PAR)pseudoautosomal-regionY染色体性别决定区sex-determiningregionofYchromosome第二性征(副性征)secondarysexualcharacter第八章遗传病与遗传病控制染色体病chromosomaldisease线粒体遗传病mitochondrialdisease单基因遗传病monogeneticdisease多基因遗传病polygeneticormultigenedisorder失显nonpenetrance不完全外显incompletedominance不规则外显irrequlardominance 并蹄syndactylism多趾polydactylism性连锁遗传病sex-linkeddisorder抗病育种breedingfordiseaseresistance性转变sexreversal诱变剂mutagen 断裂剂clastogen致畸剂teratogen猪的应激综合征porcinestresssyndrome(PSS)恶性高热综合症milignanthyperthermiasyndrome(MHS)常染色体显性遗传autosomaldominantdisorder常染色体隐性遗传病autosomalrecessivedisorder第九章畜禽品种物种species品种breed品系strain,line专用品种special-purposebreed兼用品种dual-purposebreed 海福特牛Hereford夏洛莱牛charolais利木赞牛limousine安格斯牛angus阿伯丁-安格斯牛aberdeen-angus契安尼娜牛chianina荷斯坦牛Holstein中国荷斯坦牛chinaholstein西门塔尔牛Simmental尼里-拉维水牛nili-ravi世界西门塔尔牛联合会WSF澳洲美利奴羊australianmerino丹麦红牛danishred摩拉水牛murrah婆罗门牛Brahman圣格鲁迪牛santagertrudis肉牛王beefmaster婆朗格斯牛brangus婆罗福特牛braford西门婆罗牛simbrah夏白雷charbray辛地红牛redsindhi纯血马thoroughbred 阿尔登马ardennes超细毛型superfinemerino细毛型finemerino 中毛型mediumwoolmerino强毛型strongwoolmerino罗姆尼羊romneymarsh无角陶赛特羊polldorset萨福克羊Suffolk诺福克羊norfolk考力代羊corriedale夏洛莱羊charollais萨能山羊sannen安哥拉山羊angoragoat努比亚山羊Nubian波尔山羊boergoat生物就英语篇三:生物英文术语2生物化学上册中英文名词解释汇总第一部分:糖类1.糖(Saccharide):糖是多羟醛或多羟酮及其缩聚物和某些衍生物的总称。
(完整版)生物学专业英语词汇
Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说cell membrane细胞膜nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器cell wall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unit membrane 单位膜chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome 核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclear fission核分裂reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁secondary wall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil 雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮life history生活史root system根系main root主根lateral root侧根taproot system直根系fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部vascular ray 维管射线xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官analogous organ同功器官endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-green algae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞green algae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖anisogamy 卵式生殖zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体brown algae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物aquatic plant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞prokaryotic cell原核细胞eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质nucleic acid核酸carbohydrate糖lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期pulmonary alveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称nerve net神经网planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum 腹吸盘oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳tympanum cavity中耳腔amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层lagena 瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉glandular stomach腺胃air sac气囊salt gland盐腺sclerotic ring 巩膜骨viviparity胎生placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊masticatory stomach肌胃reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓internal naris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型strain 菌株recipient 受体donor 供体fragment 片段induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNA metabolic regulation代谢调节feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖mucopeptide黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。
生物英语词汇
AA band|A带A chromosome|A染色体[二倍体染色体组中的正常染色体(不同于B染色体)]A site|[核糖体]A部位ABA|脱落酸abasic site|脱碱基位点,无碱基位点abaxial|远轴的abequose|阿比可糖,beta脱氧岩藻糖aberrant splicing|异常剪接aberration|象差;畸变;失常abiogenesis|自然发生论,无生源论ablastin|抑殖素(抑制微生物细胞分裂或生殖的一种抗体)abnormal distrbution|非正态分布abnormality|异常,失常;畸形,畸变ABO blood group system|ABO血型系统aboriginal mouse|原生鼠abortin|流产素abortion|流产,败育abortive egg|败育卵abortive infection|流产(性)感染abortive transduction|流产(性)转导ABP|肌动蛋白结合蛋白abrin|相思豆毒蛋白abscisic acid|脱落酸abscission|脱落absolute|绝对的absolute configuration|绝对构型absolute counting|绝对测量absolute deviation|绝对偏差absolute error|绝对误差absorbance|吸收,吸光度absorbed dose|吸收剂量absorbent|吸收剂absorptiometer|吸光计absorptiometry|吸光测定法absorption|吸收absorption band|吸收谱带absorption cell|吸收池absorption coefficient|吸收系数absorption spectroscopy|吸收光谱法absorption spectrum|吸收光谱;吸收谱absorptive endocytosis|吸收(型)胞吞(作用)absorptive pinocytosis|吸收(型)胞饮(作用)absorptivity|吸光系数;吸收性abundance|丰度abundant|丰富的,高丰度的abundant mRNAs|高丰度mRNA abzyme|抗体酶acaricidin|杀螨剂accedent variation|偶然变异accelerated flow method|加速流动法accepting arm|[tRNA的]接纳臂acceptor|接纳体,(接)受体acceptor site|接纳位点,接受位点acceptor splicing site|剪接受体acceptor stem|[tRNA的]接纳茎accessible|可及的accessible promoter|可及启动子accessible surface|可及表面accessory|零件,附件;辅助的accessory cell|佐细胞accessory chromosome|副染色体accessory factor|辅助因子accessory nucleus|副核accessory pigment|辅助色素accessory protein|辅助蛋白(质)accommodation|顺应accumulation|积累,累积accuracy|准确度acenaphthene|二氢苊acene|并苯acentric|无着丝粒的acentric fragment|无着丝粒断片acentric ring|无着丝粒环acetal|缩醛acetaldehyde|乙醛acetalresin|缩醛树脂acetamidase|乙酰胺酶acetamide|乙酰胺acetate|乙酸盐acetic acid|乙酸,醋酸acetic acid bacteria|乙酸菌,醋酸菌acetic anhydride|乙酸酐acetification|乙酸化作用,醋化作用acetin|乙酸甘油酯,三乙酰甘油酯acetoacetic acid|乙酰乙酸Acetobacter|醋杆菌属acetogen|产乙酸菌acetogenic bacteria|产乙酸菌acetome body|酮体acetome powder|丙酮制粉[在-30度以下加丙酮制成的蛋白质匀浆物]acetomitrile|乙腈acetone|丙酮acetyl|乙酰基acetyl coenzyme A|乙酰辅酶Aacetylcholine|乙酰胆碱acetylcholine agonist|乙酰胆碱拮抗剂acetylcholine receptor|乙酰胆碱受体acetylcholinesterase|乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylene|乙炔acetylene reduction test|乙炔还原试验[检查生物体的固氮能力]acetylglucosaminidase|乙酰葡糖胺糖苷酶acetylglutamate synthetase|乙酰谷氨酸合成酶acetylsalicylate|乙酰水杨酸;乙酰水杨酸盐、酯、根acetylsalicylic acid|乙酰水杨酸acetylspiramycin|乙酰螺旋霉素AchE|乙酰胆碱酯酶achiral|非手性的acholeplasma|无胆甾原体AchR|乙酰胆碱受体achromatic|消色的;消色差的achromatic color|无色achromatic lens|消色差透镜achromatin|非染色质acid catalysis|酸催化acid fibroblast growth factor|酸性成纤维细胞生长因子acid fuchsin|酸性品红acid glycoprotein|BB cell|B细胞B cell antigen receptor|B细胞抗原受体B cell differentiation factor|B细胞分化因子B cell growth factor|B细胞生长因子B cell proliferation|B细胞增殖B cell receptor|B细胞受体B cell transformation|B细胞转化B chromosome|B染色体[许多生物(如玉米)所具有的异染质染色体]B to Z transition|B-Z转换[B型DNA向Z型DNA转换]Bacillariophyta|硅藻门Bacillus|芽胞杆菌属Bacillus anthracis|炭疽杆菌属Bacillus subtillis|枯草芽胞杆菌bacitracin|杆菌肽back donation|反馈作用back flushing|反吹,反冲洗back mutation|回复突变[突变基因又突变为原由状态]backbone|主链;骨架backbone hydrogen bond|主链氢键backbone wire model|主链金属丝模型[主要反应主链走向的实体模型] backcross|回交backflushing chromatography|反吹层析,反冲层析background|背景,本底background absorption|背景吸收background absorption correction|背景吸收校正background correction|背景校正background gactor|背景因子background genotype|背景基因型[与所研究的表型直接相关的基因以外的全部基因]background hybridization|背景杂交background radiation|背景辐射,本底辐射backmixing|反向混合backside attack|背面进攻backward reaction|逆向反应backwashing|反洗bacmid|杆粒[带有杆状病毒基因组的质粒,可在细菌和昆虫细胞之间穿梭] bacteremia|菌血症bacteria|(复)细菌bacteria rhodopsin|细菌视紫红质bacterial adhesion|细菌粘附bacterial alkaline phosphatase|细菌碱性磷酸酶bacterial artificial chromosome|细菌人工染色体bacterial colony|(细菌)菌落bacterial colony counter|菌落计数器bacterial conjugation|细菌接合bacterial filter|滤菌器bacterial invasion|细菌浸染bacterial motility|细菌运动性bacterial rgodopsin|细菌视紫红质,细菌紫膜质bacterial vaccine|菌苗bacterial virulence|细菌毒力bactericidal reaction|杀(细)菌反应bactericide|杀(细)菌剂bactericidin|杀(细)菌素bactericin|杀(细)菌素bacteriochlorophyll|细菌叶绿素bacteriochlorophyll protein|细菌叶绿素蛋白bacteriocide|杀(细)菌剂bacteriocin|细菌素bacteriocin typing|细菌素分型[利用细菌素对细胞进行分型] bacterioerythrin|菌红素bacteriofluorescein|细菌荧光素bacteriology|细菌学bacteriolysin|溶菌素bacteriolysis|溶菌(作用)bacteriolytic reaction|溶菌反应bacteriophaeophytin|细菌叶褐素bacteriophage|噬菌体bacteriophage arm|噬菌体臂bacteriophage conversion|噬菌体转变bacteriophage head|噬菌体头部bacteriophage surface expression system|噬菌体表面表达系统bacteriophage tail|噬菌体尾部bacteriophage typing|噬菌体分型bacteriophagology|噬菌体学bacteriopurpurin|菌紫素bacteriorhodopsin|细菌视紫红质bacteriosome|细菌小体[昆虫体内一种含有细菌的结构]bacteriostasis|抑菌(作用) bacteriostat|抑菌剂bacteriotoxin|细菌毒素bacteriotropin|亲菌素bacterium|细菌bacteroid|类菌体baculovirus|杆状病毒bag sealer|封边机baking soda|小苏打BAL 31 nuclease|BAL 31核酸酶balance|天平balanced heterokaryon|平衡异核体balanced lethal|平衡致死balanced lethal gene|平衡致死基因balanced linkage|平衡连锁balanced pathogenicity|平衡致病性balanced polymorphism|平衡多态性balanced salt solution|平衡盐溶液balanced solution|平衡溶液balanced translocation|平衡易位balbaini ring|巴尔比亚尼环[由于RNA大量合成而显示特别膨大的胀泡,在多线染色体中形成独特的环]Balbiani chromosome|巴尔比亚尼染色体[具有染色带的多线染色体,1881年首先发现于双翅目摇蚊幼虫]ball mill|球磨ball mill pulverizer|球磨粉碎机ball milling|球磨研磨balloon catheter|气囊导管[可用于基因送递,如将DNA导入血管壁] banana bond|香蕉键band|条带,带[见于电泳、离心等] C1C value|C值[单倍基因组DNA的量] C value paradox|C值悖理[物种的C值和它的进化复杂性之间无严格对应关系]C4 dicarboxylic acid cycle|C4二羧酸循环cachectin|恶液质素[即alfa肿瘤坏死因子]cadaverine|尸胺cadherin|钙粘着蛋白[介导依赖(于)钙的细胞间粘着作用的一类跨膜蛋白质,分为E-,N-,P-等若干种,E表示上皮(epithelia),N表示神经(neural),P表示胎盘(placental)]cadmium|镉caerulin|雨蛙肽cage|笼cage compound|笼形化合物cage coordination compound|笼形配合物cage effect|笼效应cage structure|笼形结构[非极性分子周围的水分子所形成的有序结构] calbindin|钙结合蛋白calciferol|麦角钙化(固)醇calcimedin|钙介蛋白[钙调蛋白拮抗剂]calcineurin|钙调磷酸酶[依赖于钙调蛋白的丝氨酸—苏氨酸磷酸酶] calcionin|降钙素calcium binding protein|钙结合蛋白(质)calcium binding site|钙结合部位calcium channel|钙通道calcium chloride|氯化钙calcium influx|钙流入calcium mediatory protein|钙中介蛋白(质)calcium phosphate|磷酸钙calcium phosphate precipitation|磷酸盐沉淀calcium pump|钙泵calcium sensor protein|钙传感蛋白(质)calcium sequestration|集钙(作用)calcyclin|钙(细胞)周边蛋白calcyphosine|钙磷蛋白[是依赖于cAMP的蛋白激酶的磷酸化底物] caldesmon|钙调(蛋白)结合蛋白[主要见于平滑肌,可与钙调蛋白及肌动蛋白结合]calelectrin|钙电蛋白[最初发现于鳗鱼电器官的一种钙结合蛋白]calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase|(小)牛小肠碱性磷酸酶calf serum|小牛血清calf thymus|小牛胸腺calgranulin|钙粒蛋白calibration|校准,标准calibration curve|校正曲线calibration filter|校准滤光片calibration protein|校准蛋白calicheamycin|刺孢霉素[来自刺孢小单胞菌的抗肿瘤抗生素,带有二炔烯官能团]calicivirus|杯状病毒calli|(复)胼胝体,愈伤组织[用于植物];胼胝[见于动物皮肤]callose|胼胝质,愈伤葡聚糖callose synthetase|愈伤葡聚糖合成酶callus|胼胝体,愈伤组织[用于植物];胼胝[见于动物皮肤]callus culture|愈伤组织培养calmodulin|钙调蛋白calnexin|钙联结蛋白[内质网的一种磷酸化的钙结合蛋白]calomel|甘汞calomel electrode|甘汞电极calorie|卡calpactin|依钙(结合)蛋白[全称为“依赖于钙的磷脂及肌动蛋白结合蛋白”] calpain|(需)钙蛋白酶calpain inhibitor|(需)钙蛋白酶抑制剂calpastatin|(需)钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白calphobindin|钙磷脂结合蛋白calphotin|钙感光蛋白[感光细胞的一种钙结合蛋白]calprotectin|(肌)钙网蛋白[骨骼肌肌质网膜上的钙结合蛋白]calretinin|钙(视)网膜蛋白calsequestrin|(肌)集钙蛋白calspectin|钙影蛋白calspermin|钙精蛋白[睾丸的一种钙调蛋白结合蛋白]caltractin|钙牵蛋白[一种与基粒相关的钙结合蛋白]Calvin cycle|卡尔文循环,光合碳还原环calyculin|花萼海绵诱癌素[取自花萼盘皮海绵的磷酸酶抑制剂]calyptra|根冠calyx|花萼cambium|形成层[见于植物]cAMP binding protein|cAMP结合蛋白cAMP receptor protein|cAMP受体蛋白cAMP response element|cAMP效应元件cAMP response element binding protein|cAMP效应元件结合蛋白Campbell model|坎贝尔模型camphane|莰烷camphane derivative|莰烷衍生物camphore|樟脑camptothecin|喜树碱Campylobacter|弯曲菌属Campylobacter fetus|胎儿弯曲菌属Canada balsam|加拿大香脂,枞香脂canaline|副刀豆氨酸canalization|[表型]限渠道化,发育稳态[尽管有遗传因素和环境条件的干扰,表型仍保持正常]canavanine|刀豆氨酸cancer|癌症cancer metastasis|癌症转移cancer suppressor gene|抑癌基因cancer suppressor protein|抑癌基因产物,抑癌蛋白(质)candicidin|杀假丝菌素candida|念珠菌属Candida albicans|白色念珠菌candle jar|烛罐cannabin|大麻苷;大麻碱canonical base|规范碱基canonical molecular orbital|正则分子轨道canonical partition function|正则配分函数C2chromatin condensation|染色质凝聚chromatin decondensation|染色质解凝(聚)chromatin dimilution|染色质消减chromatin expansion|染色质膨胀chromatin fiber|染色质丝chromatofocusing|层析聚焦chromatogram|层析谱chromatograph|层析仪chromatographic analysis|层析分析,色谱分析chromatographic band|层析带chromatographic column|层析柱chromatographic data|层析数据chromatographic detector|层析检测仪chromatographic fractionation|层析(分级)分离chromatographic grade|层析级chromatographic peak|层析峰chromatographic performance|层析效能chromatographic profile|层析图,层析谱chromatographic property|层析性能chromatographic separation|层析分离chromatographic system|层析系统chromatographic technique|层析技术chromatographic theory|层析原理chromatographically pure|层析纯的chromatography|层析,色谱(法)chromatography column|层析柱chromatography media|层析介质chromatoid body|拟染色体chromatophore|载色体chrome azurol S|铬天青Schrome yellow|铬黄chromedia|层析介质chromobindin|嗜铬粒结合蛋白[见于肾上腺髓质嗜铬细胞的一种钙结合蛋白]chromocenter|染色中心[由双翅目昆虫唾腺染色体的异染色质部分集合而成] chromodiopsin|染色肽chromogenic agent|显色剂,生色剂chromogenic bacteria|产色细菌chromogenic substrate|显色底物,生色底物chromogranin|嗜铬粒蛋白chromomembrin|嗜铬粒膜蛋白chromomere|染色粒chromomycin|色霉素chromone|色(原)酮chromonema|染色线chromophore|生色团chromophoric substrate|生色底物chromoplast|色质体chromoprotein|色蛋白chromosomal aberration|染色体畸变chromosomal disorder|染色体病chromosomal DNA|染色体DNA chromosomal domain|染色体结构域chromosomal elimination|染色体丢失,染色体消减chromosomal localization|染色体定位chromosomal mutation|染色体突变chromosomal pattern|染色体型chromosomal polymorphism|染色体多态性chromosomal puff|染色体胀泡,染色体疏松chromosomal rearrangement|染色体重排chromosomal scaffold|染色体支架chromosome|染色体chromosome aberration|染色体畸变chromosome abnormalty|染色体异常chromosome arm|染色体臂chromosome band|染色体带chromosome banding technique|染色体显带技术chromosome blotting|染色体印迹[通过脉冲电场凝胶电泳分离染色体DNA并进行Southern印迹]chromosome breakage|染色体断裂chromosome bridge|染色体桥chromosome center|染色中心chromosome coiling|染色体螺旋chromosome complement|染色体组chromosome core|染色体轴chromosome crawling|染色体缓移chromosome cycle|染色体周期chromosome damage|染色体损伤chromosome deletion|染色体缺失chromosome doubling|染色体加倍chromosome duplication|染色体重复chromosome elimination|染色体丢失,染色体消减chromosome engineering|染色体工程(学)chromosome evolution|染色体进化chromosome exchange|染色体交换chromosome flow sorting|染色体流式分选(法)chromosome fragmentation|染色体断裂chromosome fusion|染色体融合chromosome gap|染色体间隙,染色体裂隙chromosome interchange|染色体互换chromosome jumping|染色体跳查chromosome knob|染色体结chromosome loop|染色体环chromosome lose|染色体丢失chromosome map|染色体图chromosome mapping|染色体作图,染色体定位chromosome marker|染色体标志chromosome mutation|染色体突变chromosome pairing|染色体配对chromosome polymorphism|染色体多态性chromosome puff|染色体胀泡,染色体疏松chromosome pulverization|染色体粉碎chromosome rearrangement|染色体重排chromosome satellite|染色体随体chromosome scaffold|染色体支架chromosome segregation|染色体分离chromosome set|染色体组Ddammarane|达玛烷dammarane type|达玛烷型Dane particle|丹氏粒[乙型肝炎病毒的完整毒粒]dansyl|丹(磺)酰,1-二甲氨基萘-5-磺酰dansyl chloride|丹磺酰氯dansyl method|丹磺酰法dantrolene|硝苯呋海因[肌肉松弛剂] dark current|暗电流dark field|暗视野,暗视场dark field microscope|暗视野显微镜,暗视场显微镜dark field microscopy|暗视野显微术,暗视场显微术dark reaction|暗反应dark repair|暗修复dark respiration|暗呼吸dark room|暗室,暗房dark seed|需暗种子data accumulation|数据积累data acquisition|数据获取data analysis|数据分析data bank|数据库data base|数据库data handling|数据处理data logger|数据记录器data logging|数据记录data output|数据输出data processing|数据处理data recording|数据记录dauermodification|持续饰变daughter cell|子代细胞daughter chromatid|子染色单体daughter chromosome|子染色体daughter colony|子菌落[由原生菌落续发生长的小菌落]daunomycin|道诺霉素daunorubicin|道诺红菌素de novo sequencing|从头测序de novo synthesis|从头合成deactivation|去活化(作用),失活(作用),钝化deacylated tRNA|脱酰tRNAdead time|死时间dead volume|死体积deadenylation|脱腺苷化DEAE Sephacel|[商]DEAE-葡聚糖纤维素,二乙氨乙基葡聚糖纤维素dealkylation|脱烷基化deaminase|脱氨酶deamination|脱氨(基)death phase|死亡期[如见于细胞生长曲线]death point|死点deblocking|去封闭debranching enzyme|脱支酶,支链淀粉酶debris|碎片,残渣decahedron|十面体decane|癸烷decantation|倾析decanting|倾析decapacitation|去(获)能decarboxylase|脱羧酶decarboxylation|脱羧(作用)decay|原因不明腐败decay accelerating factor|衰变加速因子decay constant|衰变常数deceleration phase|减速期[如见于细胞生长曲线]dechlorination|脱氯作用deciduous leaf|落叶decline phase|[细胞生长曲线的]衰亡期decoagulant|抗凝剂decoding|译码,解码decomposer|分解者[可指具有分解动植物残体或其排泄物能力的微生物] decompression|降压,减压decondensation|解凝(聚)decontaminant|净化剂,去污剂decontaminating agent|净化剂,去污剂decontamination|净化,去污decorin|核心蛋白聚糖[一种基质蛋白聚糖,又称为PG-40] dedifferentiation|去分化,脱分化deep colony|深层菌落deep etching|深度蚀刻deep jet fermentor|深部喷注发酵罐deep refrigeration|深度冷冻deep shaft system|深井系统[如用于污水处理]defasciculation factor|解束因子[取自水蛭,可破坏神经束]defective|缺损的,缺陷的defective interfering|缺损干扰defective interfering particle|缺损干扰颗粒,干扰缺损颗粒defective interfering RNA|缺损干扰RNAdefective interfering virus|缺损干扰病毒defective mutant|缺损突变体,缺陷突变型,缺陷突变株defective phage|缺损噬菌体,缺陷噬菌体defective virus|缺损病毒,缺陷病毒defense|防御,防卫defense peptide|防卫肽defense response|防御反应,防卫反应defensin|防卫素[动物细胞的内源性抗菌肽]deficiency|缺乏,缺损,缺陷deficient|缺少的,缺损的,缺陷的defined|确定的defined medium|确定成分培养基,已知成分培养液defintion|定义defoliating agent|脱叶剂defoliation|脱叶deformylase|去甲酰酶[见于原核细胞,作用于甲酰甲硫氨酸]degasser|脱气装置degassing|脱气,除气degeneracy|简并;简并性,简并度degenerate|简并的degenerate codon|简并密码子degenerate oligonucleotide|简并寡核苷酸degenerate primer|简并引物degenerate sequence|简并序列degeneration|退化,变性degenerin|退化蛋白[与某些感觉神经元的退化有关]deglycosylation|去糖基化degradable polymer|降解性高分子degradation|降解degranulation|脱(颗)E rosette|E(玫瑰)花结[E表示红细胞erythrocyte]E rosette test|E(玫瑰)花结试验EA rossette|EA(玫瑰)花结[E表示红细胞erythrocyte,A表示抗体antibody] EAC rossette|EAC(玫瑰)花结[E表示红细胞erythrocyte,A表示抗体antibody,C表示补体complement]Eadie plot|Eadie图Eadie plotting|Eadie作图法[用于酶促反应动力学]early gene|早期基因[可特指病毒] early hypersensitivity|早发型超敏反应early phage|早期[有时特指病毒复制的早期]early promoter|早期启动子[有时特指病毒]early protein|早期蛋白[有时特指病毒] early transcription|早期转录[有时特指病毒]eburicoic acid|齿孔酸ecdysis|蜕皮ecdyson|蜕皮激素[见于昆虫等节肢动物]ecdyson response element|蜕皮激素效应元件ecdysteroid hormone|蜕皮类固醇激素[见于血吸虫]echinomycin|棘霉素echinonectin|海胆粘连蛋白echiststin|锯鳞(蝮蝰)血抑(环)肽[可抑制血小板凝集]ECHO virus|ECHO病毒,艾柯病毒eclipse period|[细胞生长的]隐蔽期eclipsed conformation|重叠构象eclosion hormone|蜕壳激素[见于昆虫] ecological isolation|生态隔离ecology|生态学ecosphere|生态圈ecotropic retrovirus|亲嗜性逆转录病毒[只能在原始宿主细胞引起产毒性感染] ecotype|生态型ecteinascidin|海鞘素ectendomycorrhiza|内外生菌根ectoderm|外胚层ectodesma|胞外连丝ectodesmata|(复)胞外连丝ectodomain|胞外(结构)域ectoenzyme|胞外酶ectomycorrhiza|外生菌根ectopic|异位的ectopic amplification|异位扩增[引物与非目标序列结合而引导的PCR扩增] ectopic expression|异位表达ectopic hormone|异位激素[不是由原内分泌腺所产生的激素]ectopic insertion|异位插入ectoplasm|外质ectoplast|外质体ectosarc|外质ectospore|外生孢子;(孢子)表壁ectotoxin|外毒素eddy diffusion|涡流扩散edeine|伊短菌素edema|水肿edge effect|边缘效应editing|编辑[如RNA编辑,核酸外切编辑等]editosome|编辑体[进行RNA编辑的场所]Edman chemistry|Edman化学(原理)Edman degradation|Edman 降解(法)[连续测定蛋白质N端氨基酸序列的经典方法]Edman stepwise degradation|Edman 分步降解(法)EF hand|EF手[由29个氨基酸组成的钙结合基序,含E、F两段螺旋,并形成螺旋-环-螺旋effective nuclear charge|有效核电荷effective population size|有效群体大小,有效种群大小effective quantum number|有效量子数effector|效应子,效应物,效应器,效应基因effector cell|效应细胞effector function|效应子功能effector molecule|效应分子effector site|效应物部位effector T cell|效应(性)T细胞efferent nerve|传出神经efficiency of plating|成斑效率efficient|高效的,有效的efflorescence|风化effluent|流出物,流出液efflux|外向通量;流(出)量;流出egg nucleus|卵核eglin|水蛭(蛋白酶)抑制剂[可抑制弹性蛋白酶、组织蛋白酶G等] eicosane|二十碳烷eicosanoic acid|二十(烷)酸eicosanoid|类二十烷酸,类花生酸[指白细胞三烯,前列腺素、凝血烷等激素] eicosanol|二十碳醇eicosapentaenoic acid|十二碳五烯酸elaidic acid|反油酸,反-9-十八碳单烯酸elaioplast|油质体elastase|弹性蛋白酶elastatinal|弹性(蛋白)酶抑制剂elastic fiber|弹性纤维elastin|弹性蛋白elastoma|高弹性electric birefringence|电双折射electric conductance|电导electric conductivity|电导,电导率,电导性electric coupling|电偶合electric dehydration|电脱水(作用)electric double layer|电双层electric field|电场electric field flow fractionation|电场流分级(分离)electric impluse|电脉冲electric potential|电势,电位electric tape|绝缘胶布,绝缘胶带electrical stimulator|电刺激器electrical synapse|电突触electrical transmission|电传递electrically facilitated flow|电易化流动,电促流动electroblotting|电印迹electroblotting device|电印迹仪,电印迹装置electrocardiogrF factor|F因子Fab fragment|Fab片段[免疫球蛋白上结合抗原的片段] fabavirus|蚕豆病毒组[一组植物病毒,模式成员是蚕豆萎蔫病毒]face centered lattice|面心点格face mask|面具face protector|面具face shield|面罩facilitated diffusion|易化扩散,促进扩散facilitation|易化(作用),促进(作用)facilitatory region|易化区factor 420|420因子[即辅酶F420,为产甲烷细菌所特有,在紫外光下产生蓝绿色荧光]factor I|(凝血)因子Ifacultative anaerobe|兼性厌氧菌[在有氧条件下也能发酵产能并维持正常生长繁殖的厌氧菌]facultative heterochromatin|兼性异染色质facultative parthenogenesis|兼(性)孤雌生殖faint band|模糊条带familial adenomatous polyposis|家族性多发性腺癌[FAP是一种抗癌基因]far infrared|远红外farnesol|法尼醇,麝子油醇farnesyl transferase|法尼基转移酶farnesylcysteine|法尼半胱氨酸farnesylpyrophosphate|法尼焦磷酸,焦磷酸法尼酯Farr technique|Farr技术,法尔技术[测定抗体绝对量的放射免疫技术] Farwestern blotting|Farwestern印迹法,蛋白质检测(的)蛋白质印迹法[例如用标记的激酶或重组蛋白来检测印迹膜上与之作用的蛋白]fasciclin|成束蛋白[参与轴突的成束] fast atom bombardment|快(速)原子轰击fast atom bombardment ion source|快(速)原子轰击离子源fast component|快组分[复性反应中首先复性的高度重复序列]fast gree|固绿fast ion bombardment|快(速)离子轰击fast protein liquid chromatography|快速蛋白质液相层析fast red|固红fastidious microorganism|苛求菌[一切难于培养生长或要求苛刻生长条件的细菌]fatty acid desaturation|脂肪酸脱饱和fatty acyl carnitine|脂酰肉碱favism|蚕豆病Fc fragment|Fc片段[免疫球蛋白上的可结晶片段]Fc receptor|Fc受体feature|特征,特性fed batch cultivation|补料分批培养fed batch system|补料分批(培养)系统feedstock|原种(贮存物)feline leukemia virus|猪白血病病毒female gamete|雌配子fenchane|葑烷fenchane derivative|葑烷衍生物fenthion|倍硫磷,肟硫磷fermentability|可发酵性fermentation capacity|发酵(能)力[表示微生物发酵底物的强度]fermented dairy product|发酵奶制品fermentograph|发酵图谱fermicute|硬壁(细)菌[胞壁含有厚层肽聚糖和磷壁酸的革兰氏阳性菌和放线菌]fernane|羊齿烷fernane type|羊齿烷型ferredoxin|铁氧还蛋白ferritin|铁蛋白ferritin labeling|铁蛋白标记法ferrochelatase|铁螯合酶ferroin|邻菲咯啉亚铁离子ferromegnetism|铁磁性fertility|能育(性)fertility factor|致育因子ferulic acid|阿魏酸feruloyl esterase|阿魏酸酯酶fervenulin|热诚菌素fetal calf serum|胎牛血清fetuin|胎球蛋白fetus|胎,胎儿fetus at risk|风险胎儿[可能患遗传病] Feulgen reaction|富尔根反应Feulgen stain|富尔根染液fiber antigen|[噬菌体]尾丝抗原fiber diffraction|纤维衍射fiberglass|纤维玻璃fibril|原纤维,元纤fibrillar center|(核仁)纤维中心fibrillarin|(核仁)纤维蛋白fibrillin|原纤蛋白[成纤维细胞的一种胞外微原纤维蛋白]fibrillogenesis|原纤维生成fibrin|血纤蛋白fibrin sealant|血纤蛋白粘合剂fibrin stabilizing factor|血纤蛋白稳定因子fibrinogen|血纤蛋白原fibrinolysin|(血)纤(蛋白)溶酶fibrinolysis|(血)纤(蛋白)溶(解)fibrinolytics|纤溶剂,溶纤物fibrinopeptide|血纤肽fibroblast|成纤维细胞fibroblast growth factor|成纤维细胞生长因子fibrocyte|纤维细胞fibroglycan|纤(维蛋白)聚糖[成纤维细胞的一种蛋白聚糖]fibroin|丝心蛋白fibromodulin|纤调蛋白(聚糖)[一种可调节原纤维生成的蛋白聚糖]fibronectin|纤连蛋白fibronectin type III module|纤连蛋白III 型组件[由7条反平行beta链形成beta 桶结构]fibrous protein|纤维状蛋白ficin|无花果蛋白酶Ficoll 400|[商]菲可400,水溶性聚蔗糖400[分子量为400kD,可形成等渗的密度梯度,为Pharmacia公司商品]fidelity|保真性,忠实性fieldH antigen|H抗原,鞭毛抗原haem|血红素hairpin|发夹(序列),发夹(结构)hairpin loop|发夹环hairpin structure|发夹结构half site|半位点halophyte|盐生植物halorhodopsin|盐细菌视紫红质hammerhead ribozyme|锤头状核酶Hantaan virus|汉坦病毒[引起流行性出血热的病原体,属布尼亚病毒科] hantavirus|汉坦病毒haploidy|单倍性haplotype|单元性[一条染色体或一条DNA分子的基因型]hapten|半抗原hapteron|菌索茎haptoglobin|触珠蛋白Hartig net|哈氏网[见于真菌]HAT medium|HAT培养基[含次黄嘌呤(H)、氨基蝶呤(A)和胸苷(T)]haustorium|吸器[见于植物]HDEL receptor|HDEL受体[C端含有HDEL四肽,酵母的一种内质网可溶性蛋白]head growth|头增长[如用于描述聚合酶作用机理]HeLa cell|HeLa细胞,海拉细胞[最初来自美国女子Henrietta Lacks子宫颈癌组织的细胞株]helicase|解旋酶helicity|螺旋度helicorubin|蠕虫血红蛋白Heliothis virescens|烟芽夜蛾,绿棉铃虫Heliothis virescens nuclear polyhedrosis virus|烟芽夜蛾核型多角体病毒Heliothis zea|玉米夜蛾,美洲棉铃虫helix wheel|螺旋轮helper virus|辅助病毒[能对缺损病毒基因组起互补作用,使之成为有复制能力的病毒]hemacytometer|血细胞计数器hemadsorption|血细胞吸附,血吸(现象或试验)hemagglutination|血(细胞)凝(集),血凝(现象或试验)hemagglutination ingibition|血凝抑制(现象或试验)hemagglutinin|血凝素hematimeter|血细胞计数器hematine|(羟)高铁血红素hematocrit|血细胞比容hematopoiesis|血细胞生成hematopoietin|血细胞生成素hematoxylin|苏木精heme|血红素hemerythrin|蚯蚓血红蛋白hemidesmosome|半桥粒hemikaryon|单倍核hemiketal|半缩酮hemimethylated|半甲基化的hemimethylation|半甲基化hemin|氯高铁血红素,氯高铁原卟啉hemiterpene|半萜hemizygote|半合子hemizygous gene|半合基因hemochromoprotein|血色蛋白hemocyanin|血蓝蛋白hemocytometer|血细胞计hemoflavoprotein|血红素黄素蛋白hemoglobinopathy|血红蛋白病hemolysin|溶血素hemolysis|溶血(作用)hemopexin|血色素结合蛋白hemophilia|血友病hemophilus|嗜血杆菌属hemophilus influenzae|流感嗜血杆菌hemopoiesis|血细胞生成hemopoietin|血细胞生成素hemoporphyrin|血卟啉hemoprotein|血红素蛋白hemorheology|血液流变学hemorrhage|出血hemorrhagic fever|出血热hemosiderin|血铁黄素蛋白hemostasis|止血hepadnavirus|嗜肝DNA病毒heparan|类肝素,乙酰肝素heparin|肝素hepatoalbumin|肝白蛋白,肝清蛋白hepatocrinin|促肝泌素hepatocyte|肝细胞hepatoglobulin|肝球蛋白hepatoma|肝癌hepatotoxin|肝脏毒素hepatovirus|肝病毒属[模式成员是甲型肝炎病毒]heptoglobin|七珠蛋白heptose|庚糖herbicidin|除莠菌素herbimycin|除莠霉素herpesvirus|疱疹病毒heteroallel|异点等位基因heterobifunctional agent|异(基)双功能试剂,双异官能团试剂heterobrachial inversion|异臂倒位heterochain polymer|杂链聚合物heterochromatin|异染色体heterochromatinization|异染色质化heterochromosome|异染色体heterocyst|异形(囊)胞heterocytotropic antibody|嗜异种细胞抗体heterodimer|异(源)二聚体,异源双体heteroduplex|异源双链(体)heteroecism|转主寄生(现象)heterofermentation|异型发酵heterogamete|异形配子heterogamy|异配生殖heterogeneity|不均一性heterograft|异种移植物heterokaryon|异核体heterokaryosis|异核现象,异核性heterokinesis|异化分裂heterologous|异源性heterology|异源性heterolysis|异裂heteromorphism|异态性,异形性;多晶现象heterophylly|异形叶性heterophyte|异养生物heteroplasmy|异质性[如指线粒体DNA 长度的可变性]heteroploid|异倍体heteroploidy|异倍性heteropolyacid|杂多酸heteropolybase|杂多碱hetekafirin|高粱醇溶蛋白kainic acid|红藻氨酸[即2-羧甲基-3-异丙烯脯氨酸]kalinin|缰蛋白[上皮细胞基底膜的一种粘着蛋白]kallidin|胰激肽,赖氨酸缓激肽,血管舒张素kallidinogen|胰激肽原kallikrein|激肽释放酶kanamycin|卡那霉素Kaposi sarcoma|卡波西肉瘤kappa particle|卡巴粒子[放毒性草履虫细胞质中共生粒子中的一种] karyoaster stage|核星期karyogamy|核配karyogram|核型图karyokinesis|核分裂karyology|(细胞)核学karyolymph|核液karyolysis|核溶解karyomixis|核融合karyoplasm|核质karyoplast|核体karyopyknosis|核固缩karyoskeleton|核骨架karyosphere|核球karyote|有核细胞karyotype|核型,染色体组型karyotyping|核型分析kassinin|肛褶蛙肽kasugamycin|春日霉素katal|开特[每秒转化1mol底物所需酶量,1酶单位=16.67*E-9 Kat]katanin|剑蛋白[一种ATP酶,可使微管切断并解聚]KDEL receptor|KDEL受体[哺乳动物细胞内质网的一种可溶性蛋白,C端有KDEL四肽信号]Kel-F[商]聚三氟氯乙烯[3M公司的商标]kelthane|三氯杀螨醇kemptide|肯普肽,激酶底物肽[可作为蛋白激酶的底物,得名于发现者Kemp] kenotoxin|疲劳毒素kentsin|肯特(四)肽,避孕四肽[得名于发现者Kent]keratan sulfate|硫酸角质素keratin|角蛋白keratinase|角蛋白酶keratinization|角质化keratinocyte|角质形成细胞ketal|缩酮ketene|乙烯酮ketimine|酮亚胺ketogenesis|生酮作用ketoimine|酮亚胺ketose|酮糖ketosteroid|类固醇,甾酮killer cell|杀伤细胞,K细胞killer particle|致死颗粒kilobase|千碱基kilodalton|千道尔顿Kimwipes|[商]Kimwipes纸巾[一种实验室用薄纸巾]kinase|激酶kinesin|驱动蛋白kinetin|细胞分裂素kinetochore|动粒[细胞分裂中期联接着丝粒微管并提供动力的盘状蛋白质复合体]kinetoplasm|动质kinetoplast|动质体kinin|细胞分裂素;激肽kininase|激肽酶kininogen|激肽原kininogenase|激肽酶原kirromycin|黄色霉素kissing|相吻[如用于描述核苷酸的配对] kistrin|蝮蛇毒素kit|试剂盒Kjeldahl determination|凯氏定氮(法)Kjeldahl method|凯氏(定氮)法klebsiella|克雷伯(氏)杆菌属Klenow enzyme|克列诺酶Klenow fragment|[大肠杆菌DNA聚合酶I的]克列诺片段,大片段(酶)Kluyveromyces|克鲁维酵母菌属Knop solution|克诺普溶液koji|日本酒曲krebs cycles|Krebs循环,三羧酸循环kreotoxin|肉毒素Kringle domain|Kringle结构域[见于组织纤溶酶原激活物等蛋白,含有三对二硫键,因其序列的书写形式酷似一种丹麦面糕而得名]Kringle sequence|Kringle 序列krupple gene|Krupple基因[果蝇分节基因]Krupple protein|Krupple 蛋白kunkel method|Kunkel(定位诱变)法[通过筛选含尿嘧啶的模板进行寡核苷酸介导的定位诱变的方法]Kupffer cell|枯氏细胞[肝脏的巨噬细胞]lac operon|乳糖操纵子laccase|漆酶lacmus|石蕊lactalbumin|乳白蛋白,乳清蛋白lactam|内酰胺lactamase|内酰胺酶lactase|乳糖酶lactate|乳酸;乳酸盐、酯、根lactenin|乳抑菌素lacticifer|[植物]乳汁器lacticin|乳链球菌素lactoalbumin|乳白蛋白lactobacillus|乳杆菌属lactobionic acid|乳糖酸lactococcin|乳球菌素lactococcus|乳球菌属lactoferritin|乳铁蛋白[一种金属结合蛋白]lactogen|催乳素lactoglobulin|乳球蛋白lactol|内半缩醛lactone|内酯lactoperoxidase|乳过氧化物酶lactopontin|乳桥蛋白[与骨桥蛋白相关]lactosaminoglycan|乳糖胺聚糖lactose|乳糖lactotransferrin|乳运铁蛋白ladder|梯,(序列)梯[如指DNA测序凝胶的放射自显影影像或大小不同的分子量标准参照物的电泳图谱]Laemmli buffer system|Laemmli缓冲液系统[一套用于蛋白质SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的缓冲液系统]laevo isomer|左旋异构体lag phase|[细胞生长曲线的]延滞期,滞后期lagging strand|后随链lamiflow|片流[膜][具有流动性的片层膜]lamin|核纤层蛋白。
生物学英语词汇大全生物学专业英语词汇
生物学英语词汇大全生物学专业英语词汇请注意,以下是根据给定的题目“生物学英语词汇大全生物学专业英语词汇”的格式撰写的一份文章。
生物学英语词汇大全生物学专业英语词汇Introduction:In the field of biology, a strong grasp of English vocabulary is essential for effective communication and understanding of scientific concepts. This article aims to provide a comprehensive list of biology-related terms in English, specifically catering to those studying biology as a discipline. The following sections will cover a wide range of topics, including genetics, cell biology, ecology, and more.Genetics:1. Nucleotide: The basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting ofa sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.2. Chromosome: A thread-like structure made up of DNA and proteins, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.3. Allele: One of the alternative forms of a gene occupying a specific position on a chromosome.4. Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism, representing the combination of alleles present in its cells.5. Phenotype: The observable characteristics of an organism that result from its genotype and environmental factors.Cell Biology:1. Cell Membrane: A semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell, regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell.2. Organelle: A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function, such as the mitochondria or Golgi apparatus.3. Ribosome: A cellular structure responsible for protein synthesis, translating the genetic code from mRNA into a functional protein.4. Endoplasmic Reticulum: A network of membranes within the cell involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids.5. Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.Ecology:1. Ecosystem: A community of organisms and their physical environment, functioning as a unit within a biome.2. Food Chain: A linear sequence of organisms in which each organism serves as a source of food for the next.3. Biodiversity: The variety of life forms present in a given area or ecosystem.4. Sustainability: The ability to maintain ecological balance and meet the needs of present and future generations.5. Carbon Footprint: The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted directly or indirectly by an individual, organization, or product.Evolution:1. Natural Selection: The process by which advantageous traits are more likely to be passed on to future generations.2. Adaptation: The process by which organisms change or develop traits to better fit their environment.3. Speciation: The formation of new and distinct species through reproductive isolation and genetic divergence.4. Fossil Record: The accumulated evidence of past life, preserved in rocks and sediment, providing insights into evolutionary history.5. Mutation: A permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene, leading to variations within a population.Conclusion:This article has provided a comprehensive list of biology-related English vocabulary for those studying biology as a discipline. From genetics to ecology and evolution, these terms cover a wide range of topics within the field. By familiarizing themselves with these terms, students will enhance their understanding and fluency in the English language in the context of biology.。
生物学专业英语常用词汇
~SINICOO BIO WORDS~1, lipid ['lipid, 'laipid]n. 油脂;脂质2, photosynthetic [,fəutəsin'θetik]adj. 光合的;光合作用的3, enzyme ['enzaim]n. 酶4, extracellular [,ekstrə'seljulə]adj. [生](位于或发生于)细胞外的(副词extracellularly) 5, cytosol ['saitəsɔl]n. [生]胞液,细胞溶质6, detergent [di'tə:dʒənt]n. 清洁剂;去垢剂7, myristic [mi'ristik, mai-]adj. 肉豆蔻的8, myristic acid肉豆蔻酸;十四酸9, fluorescence [fluə'resns]n. 荧光;荧光性fluorescence: 荧光|萤光|光度Inherent fluorescence: 固有荧光delayed fluorescence: 延迟荧光|迟滞荧光|迟延荧光10, raftsn. 救生艇(raft的复数形式);皮筏;竹排v. 乘筏;划筏(raft的三单形式)Rafts: 皮筏|木筏Life Rafts: 救生艇Lipid Rafts: 脂筏|脂质筏|脂质浮排11, numerical [nju:'merikəl]adj. 数字的;数值的;用数字表示的(等于numeric)12, trypsin ['tripsin]n. [生化]胰蛋白酶;胰岛素Trypsin: 胰蛋白酶|胰朊酶|胰蛋白insulin trypsin: 胰岛素Trypsin Crystallized: 释义:结晶胰蛋白酶[蛋白水解酶13, celiac disease[医]乳糜泻;脂泻病Celiac Disease: 乳糜泻|严重慢性腹泻症|麸质过敏症adult celiac disease: 释义:成人腹腔疾病|成人腹腔疾病 refractory celiac disease: 难治性乳糜泻14, yeast [ji:st]n. 酵母;酵母片;泡沫;引起骚动因素15, detect [di'tekt]vt. 发现;察觉;探测16, halt [hɔ:lt]vi. 停止;踌躇,犹豫;立定n. 停止;立定;休息vt. 使停止;使立定17, convert [kən'və:t]vt. 使转变;转换…;使…改变信仰vi. 转变,变换;皈依;改变信仰n. 皈依者;改变宗教信仰者18, whereby [hwεə'bai]adv. 凭什么;靠那个19, amino [ə'mi:nəu]adj. 氨基的n. 氨基20, peptidesn. 多肽类;缩氨酸21, dissolved gas溶解气体22, dissolvedadj. 溶解的;溶化的v. 使溶解;使溶化(dissolve的过去分词) 23, sap [sæp]n. 树液;活力;坑道;精力,元气vt. 使衰竭,使伤元气;挖掘以破坏基础 vi. 挖坑道24, endocrine ['endəukrain, -krin]n. 激素;内分泌;内分泌物adj. 内分泌的;激素的25, pancreas ['pænkriəs]n. 胰腺26, gland [ɡlænd]n. [解]腺27, glucouseglucouse: 葡萄糖28, insulin ['insjulin, 'insə-]n. 胰岛素29, regulate ['reɡjuleit]vt. 调节,规定;有系统的管理;控制;校准 30, paracrine [,pærə'krain]n. 旁分泌;副分泌;旁泌性31, diffuse [di'fju:s]adj. 散开的;弥漫的vt. 传播;扩散;漫射vi. 传播;四散32, mediator ['mi:dieitə]n. 调停者;传递者;中介物33, autocrine [ɔ:təukrain]n. 自分泌,自泌34, proliferation [prəu-,lifə'reiʃən]n. [生]增殖,扩散;分芽繁殖35, neuronaladj. 神经元的36, axon ['æksɔn,-səun]n. 轴索,轴突(神经细胞)37, synapse ['sainæps, 'si-, si'næps]n. 突触38, spinal ['spainəl]adj. 脊骨的;脊髓的;脊柱的;尖刺的;针的n. 脊椎麻醉39, cord [kɔ:d]n. 束缚;绳索vt. 用绳子捆绑40, toe [təu]n. 脚趾;足尖vt. 用脚尖走;以趾踏触vi. 动脚尖;用足尖跳舞41, neurotransmitter [,njuərəutrænz'mitə, -træns-] n. [生]神经递质;神经传递素42, intimate ['intimət]adj. 亲密的;私人的;精通的;[婉]有性关系的n. 至交;知己vt. 暗示;通知;宣布43, lodge [lɔdʒ]n. 旅馆;门房;集会处;山林小屋vt. 提出;寄存;借住;嵌入vi. 寄宿;临时住宿44, plasma membrane质膜;浆膜(等于cell membrane)45, embryonic [,embri'ɔnik]adj. 胚胎的;似胚胎的46, adjacent [ə'dʒeisənt]adj. 邻近的,毗连的47, akin [ə'kin]adj. 同族的;同类的;类似的48, epithelial [,epi'θi:liəl]adj. [生]上皮的;皮膜的49, bind [baind]vi. 结合;装订;有约束力;过紧vt. 绑;约束;装订;包扎;凝固n. 捆绑;困境;讨厌的事情;植物的藤蔓50, mediate ['mi:dieit]vi. 调解;斡旋;居中vt. 调停;传达adj. 间接的;居间的51, fatty acid[化]脂肪酸52, disorder [dis'ɔ:də]n. 混乱;骚乱vt. 扰乱;使失调53, kinase ['kaineiz, 'ki-]n. 激酶;致活酶Kinase: 激酶|激酶??|致活酶thymidine kinase: 胸腺嘧啶核苷漱酶|胸苷激酶|胸[腺嘧啶脱氧核]苷激酶 Glucose kinase: 葡萄糖激酶54, trimeric [trai'merik]adj. 三聚物的55, circuit ['sə:kit]n. 电路,回路;环道;一圈;巡回vi. 环行vt. 绕回…环行56, ligand ['liɡənd, 'lai-]n. [化]配合基(向心配合价体)57, physiology [,fizi'ɔlədʒi]n. 生理学;生理机能58, hijacking ['haidʒækiŋ]n. 劫持(hijack的现在分词)59, cholera ['kɔlərə]n. [医]霍乱60, ion ['aiən]n. 离子ion: 离子|智能光网络|翼扬ion plating: 离子电镀|离子镀|离子镀敷descript ion: 品名61, stretch [[stretʃ]]n. 伸展,延伸adj. 可伸缩的vt. 伸展,张开vi. 伸展stretch: 伸展|拉伸|缩放reel stretch: 卷圆压平|卷...stretch receptor: 牵张感受器|伸展感受器|(肌肉的)牵张感受器62, hypertonic [,haipə'tɔnik]adj. [化]高渗的;[医]张力亢进的hypertonic: 张力亢进的|高渗的|高张的,高渗的Hypertonic incoordinate: 高张性、不协调和延长的子宫收缩hypertonic gallbladder: 胆囊张力过强63, hypotonic [,haipəu'tɔnik]adj. [医]低渗的;张力减退的hypotonic: 低张的|低渗的|低渗hypotonic hypoxia: 低张性缺氧hypotonic duodenography: 低张力十二指肠造影术|低张十二指肠造影64, isotonic [,aisəu'tɔnik]adj. 等张的,等压的isotonic: 等渗的|等张的,等渗的|等分的isotonic contraction: 等张力性收缩|等张收缩: 张力维持不变而使肌肉缩短或加长的肌肉收缩。
(完整word版)生物专业英语词汇必备
生物专业英语词汇-词素(词根)部分一、表示数量的词素1。
haplo,mono,uni 单,一,独haploid 单倍体monoxide一氧化碳monoatomic单原子的2. bi,di,dipl,twi,du:二,双,两,偶biocolor 双色,dichromatic 双色的,diplobacillus 双杆菌dikaryon 双核体twin 孪生dual 双重的3. tri 三,丙Triple 三倍的triangle三角triacylglycerol三酰甘油tricarboxylic acid cycle 三羧酸循环4. quadri,quadru,quart,tetr,tetra:四Quadruple 四倍的quadrilateral四边的quadrivalent四价的quadruped四足动物tetrode四极管tetracycline四环素5。
pent, penta, quique五pentose戊糖pentagon五角形pentane戊烷quintuple 五倍的pentose戊糖pentomer五邻粒6。
hex,hexa,sex 六hexose已糖hexapod六足动物hexapoda昆虫纲hexamer六聚体7. hepta,sept(i)七heptane 庚烷heptose 庚糖heptoglobin七珠蛋白8。
oct八octpus 章鱼octagon八角形octane 辛烷octase 辛糖9。
enne, nona九nonapeptide 九肽enneahedron 九面体10。
deca, deka :十decapod 十足目动物decahedron 十面体decagram 十克11. hecto,百hectometer百米hectoliter百升hectowatt 百瓦12. kilo,千kilodalton (KD) 千道尔顿kilobase 千碱基kiloelectron volt 千电子伏特13. deci,十分之一,分decimeter 分米decigram 十分之一克14. centi,百分之一15. milli,千分之一,毫millimole 毫摩(尔)milliliter 毫升16. micro,百万分之一,微,微小,微量microgram微克microogranism微生物microecology微生态学micropipet微量移液器17。
生物专业英语词汇必备
生物专业英语词汇—词素〔词根〕局部一、表示数量的词素8. oct 八octpus章鱼1. haplo,mono,uni单,一,独octagon八角形haploid 单倍体octane辛烷monoxide 一氧化碳octase辛糖monoatomic 单原子的9. enne, nona九2. bi,di,dipl,twi,du:二,双,nonapeptide九肽两,偶enneahedron九面体biocolor双色 ,10. deca, deka :十dichromatic双色的 ,decapod 十足目动物diplobacillus双杆菌decahedron十面体dikaryon双核体decagram 十克twin孪生11. hecto,百dual双重的hectometer 百米3. tri三,丙hectoliter百升Triple三倍的hectowatt百瓦triangle三角12. kilo,千triacylglycerol三酰甘油kilodalton (KD)千道尔顿tricarboxylic acid cycle三羧kilobase千碱基酸循环kiloelectron volt千电子伏特4.13. deci,十分之一,分quadri,quadru,quart,tetr,tetra:decimeter分米四decigram十分之一克Quadruple 四倍的14. centi,百分之一quadrilateral四边的15. milli,千分之一,毫quadrivalent四价的millimole毫摩〔尔〕quadruped 四足动物milliliter毫升tetrode四极管16. micro,百万分之一,微,微小,tetracycline四环素微量5. pent, penta, quique五microgram 微克pentose 戊糖microogranism微生物pentagon 五角形microecology微生态学pentane戊烷micropipet微量移液器quintuple五倍的17. nano十亿分之一,毫微,纳pentose戊糖nanosecond 十亿分之一秒pentomer 五邻粒nanometer 纳米6. hex,hexa,sex六18. demi,hemi,semi半hexose 已糖hemicerebrum 大脑半球hexapod 六足动物[ hemi'seribr?m]hexapoda 昆虫纲semiopaque 半透明:hexamer 六聚体['semi ?u'peik]7. hepta,sept(i)七semi-allel半等位基因heptane庚烷semi-conductor半导体heptose庚糖19. ho heptoglobin七珠蛋白holo holoprotein 全蛋白holocrine 全〔质分〕泌20.mega 巨大,兆,百万megaspore 大孢子, [ 'meg ?sp ? : ]megabasse 兆碱基megakaryocyte巨核细胞megavolt 兆伏megalopolitan 特大城市[ .meg?'l ? p?lis ]21.macro 大,巨大,多macrophage 巨噬细胞macrogamete 大配子macroelement常量元素macromolecular大分子22. poly,multi,mult多,复合polyacrylate聚丙烯酸酯polymerase聚合酶multichain多链的multinucleate多核的multicistronic mRNA多顺反子mRNA multicopy 多拷贝二、表示颜色的词素1. chrom颜色chromophore 生色团 ['kr?um?f ?:]chromosome 染色体chromatography 色谱法 [kr ?um?'t ?gr ?fi]2. melan,melano,nigr黑melanoma 黑素瘤melanin 黑色素melanophore 黑色素细胞3. xantho,flavo,fla,flavi,lute黄xanthophyl叶黄素xanthous 黄色的,黄色人种xathine黄嘌呤flavin(e)黄素flavone黄酮letein黄体素,叶黄素flavin adeninedinucleotide(FAD)黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸4. erythro, rub, rubrm, ruf,红erythrocyte 红细胞 [ i'ri θr ?.sait ]1erythromycin红霉素ectoblast外胚层isotope同位素erythropoitin(EPO)促红细胞生ectoparasite外寄生生物12 oligo,olig少,低,寡,狭成素extract抽取,浸出oligohaline狭盐性5. chloro,chlor绿,氯 3 meso 中,中间oligogene寡基因chlorophyll叶绿素 [ 'kl ?r ?fil ]mesosphere 中圈,中层oligomer寡聚体chloride 氯化物mesoplast中胚层质oligophagous寡食性chloramphenicol氯霉素 4 intra,intro,inter在内,向内oligarchy寡头政治6. cyan,cyano蓝,青紫色,氰intra-allelic interaction等位基13 eury多,宽,广cyanophyceae蓝藻纲因内相互作用eurythermal广温的cyanobacteria蓝细菌intracellular〔细〕胞内的euryhaline广盐性cyanide氰化物interurban城市之间eurytopic species广幅种7 aur, glid, chrys金色 5 centri,centro,medi,mid中心,14 ultr超aureomycin金霉素中央,中间ultra-acoustics超声学chrysose金藻淀粉centrifuge离心ultra-structure超微构造chrysanthemum 菊花centriole中心粒ultroviolet紫外线glidstone金沙石centrosome中心体15 infra下,低,远glid 镀金centrogeng着丝基因infralittoral潮下带,远岸的8 leu,leuco,leuk,leuko,blan,alb 6 epi,peri上,外,旁infrahuman类人生物无色,白色epidermal growth factor(EGF):infrared红外线的leucine亮氨酸表皮生长因子infrastructure根底构造,根本结leukaemia=leucosis 白血病epibranchial上鳃的构bleaching powder漂白粉perilune 近月点五、表示动物不同器官和albomycin白霉素7 sub,suc,suf,sug下,低,小三、表示摄食的词素suborder 亚目组织的词素submucosa 粘膜下层1 -vore 食......动物,subclone 亚克隆 1 cephal,capit,cran头,头颅-vorous食......动物的subcellular亚细胞 2 cyte细胞algivore食藻动物subsection小节,分部 3 carn,my,mya,myo,肉,肌肉carnivore食肉动物8 super,supra上,高,超 4 haem,haemat,hem,aem,sangul血herbivore食草动物superconductor超导体 5 soma,corp体,身体omnivore杂食动物superfluid超流体 6 some,plast体,颗粒2-phage 吃〔食〕食 ......生物〔体〕superoxide超氧化物7 hepa,hepat肝-phagous吃〔食〕 ......的supramolecular超分子的heparin肝素phage 噬菌体9 hyper超过,过多hepatopancreas肝胰腺phagocyte吞噬细胞hypersensitive过敏的hepatocyte肝细胞zoophage 食肉动物hyperelastic超弹性的 [ haip ?hepatoma 肝癌saprophage腐食者ri'l?stik]8 ren,nephr肾四、表示方位和程度的词素hypertension高血压adrenal肾上腺的hyperploid超倍体nephridia肾管1 endo,ento,内,在内10 hypo下,低,次nephron肾单位endocrine内分泌hypoglycaemia低血糖9 card,cord心endocytosis胞吞作用hypotension低血压cardiotoxin心脏毒素endogamy近亲繁殖hypophysis脑下垂体 [hai? p?cardiovascular center心血管中endolysin内溶素fisis]枢entoderm 内胚层11 iso 等,一样,同electrocardiogram心电图2 ec, ect, exc, extra外,外面,iso-osmotic等渗的concord一致,和谐外表isopod等足目动物10 ophthalm,ocell,ocul眼ophthalmology眼科学2, -cy 表示抽象名词typing分型,分类,ophthalmia眼炎accuracy准确,准确度,mapping 绘制 ...图,ophthalmologist眼科专家infancy婴儿期。
生物学专业英语词汇汇总
Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说cell membrane细胞膜nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器cell wall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unit membrane 单位膜chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome 核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclear fission核分裂reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁secondary wall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil 雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮life history生活史root system根系main root主根lateral root侧根taproot system直根系fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部vascular ray 维管射线xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官analogous organ同功器官endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-green algae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞green algae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖anisogamy 卵式生殖zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体brown algae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物aquatic plant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞prokaryotic cell原核细胞eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质nucleic acid核酸carbohydrate糖lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期pulmonary alveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称nerve net神经网planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum 腹吸盘oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳tympanum cavity中耳腔amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层lagena 瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉glandular stomach腺胃air sac气囊salt gland盐腺sclerotic ring 巩膜骨viviparity胎生placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊masticatory stomach肌胃reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓internal naris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型strain 菌株recipient 受体donor 供体fragment 片段induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素 A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNAmetabolic regulation代谢调节feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖mucopeptide黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。
(完整版)生物专业英语单词
Lesson One 细胞器的结构和功能Actin:肌动蛋白,是微丝的结构蛋白, 以两种形式存在, 即单体和多聚体。
basal body::基体,真核细胞的纤毛或鞭毛基底部由微管及其相关蛋白质构成的短筒状结构,是纤毛和鞭毛的微管组织中心。
centriole:中心粒,动物、某些藻类和菌类细胞中的圆筒状细胞器,位于间期细胞核附近或有丝分裂细胞的纺锤体极区中心。
chemotaxis:趋化性,即由介质中化学物质的浓度差异形成的刺激所引起的趋向性。
chloroplast:叶绿体,绿色植物细胞内进行光合作用的结构,是一种质体。
chromosome:染色体,实质是脱氧核甘酸,为细胞核内由核蛋白组成、能用碱性染料染色、有结构的线状体,是遗传物质基因的载体。
cilia:纤毛,从一些原核细胞和真核细胞表面伸出的、能运动的突起。
cytoplasm:胞质,由细胞质基质、内膜系统、细胞骨架和包涵物组成。
cytoskeleton:细胞骨架,真核细胞中与保持细胞形态结构和细胞运动有关的纤维网络。
包括微管、微丝和中间丝。
dynein:动力蛋白,即纤毛中的一种具有ATP酶活性的巨大的蛋白质复合体。
endoplasmic reticulum:内质网,指细胞质中一系列囊腔和细管,彼此相通,形成一个隔离于细胞质基质的管道系统。
flagella:鞭毛,在某些细菌菌体上具有细长而弯曲的丝状物,是细菌的运动器官。
Golgi complex:高尔基复合体,由许多扁平的囊泡构成的以分泌为主要功能的细胞器。
lysosome:溶酶体,真核细胞中一种膜包围的异质的消化性细胞器。
是细胞内大分子降解的主要场所。
microfilament:微丝,由肌动蛋白分子螺旋状聚合成的纤丝,又称肌动蛋白丝,是细胞骨架的主要成分之一。
microtubule:微管,由微管蛋白原丝组成的不分支的中空管状结构,是细胞骨架成分,与细胞支持和运动有关。
mitochondrion:线粒体,真核细胞中由双层高度特化的单位膜围成的细胞器。
(完整版)常用生物学专业英语词汇
Aabdomen 腹部abdominal 腹部的abiotic 非生物的abnormal 反常的,变态的abscisic 脱落酸abscission 脱落absorb 吸收(水、热、光等) absorption spectrum 吸收光谱,吸收谱absorption 吸收作用abut 连接accelerate 加速,加快acceptable 可接受的acceptor 受体acetate 醋酸盐;醋酸根acetone 丙酮acetyl 乙酰基acorn 橡树子acquire[o’kwaio)uJ.获得,取得 .actin 肌动蛋白actinomycinD 放线菌素D activation 活化;激活activationenergy 活化能active site 活性中心active 主动的;活性的adapt 使适应,改编 适应adaptin 衔接蛋白adaptive radiation 适应辐射adenine 腺嘌呤adenosine 腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl 腺苷的adenovirus 腺病毒adhering junctings 粘着连接adhesion 粘着;附着adipose 脂肪多的adjacent 毗邻的adjust 调节,调整;校正admit 让……进入adolescent 青少年adrenal肾上腺的, 肾上腺adulthood 成年affinity 亲和;吸引agar 琼脂,洋菜agarose 琼脂糖agency 媒介agent 剂aggregate 聚合体Agrobacterium tumefaciens根癌农杆菌airborne 空气传播的alanine 丙氨酸albino 白化体albumin 白蛋白,清蛋白aldosterone 醛固酮,醛甾酮allcviate 减轻;缓和allelc 等位基因allele 等位基因 突变遗传因子allosteric modification 别构修饰allosteric 别构的aloft 向上Alzheimer’s disease阿尔茨海默氏病amino 氨基的 ~acid氨基酸aminocyclopropylcarboxylic氨基环丙烷羧酸aminopeptidase 氨基肽酶amnion 羊膜amoeboid 阿米巴样的amphibian 两栖动物amphipathic 两亲的 两性的amphiploid 双倍体amplify 扩增amylase 淀粉酶anaerobic 厌氧的anal 肛门的,臀的analogous 机能相似的, 同功的analysis 分析,分解analyze 分析anaphase (细胞分裂的)后期anaphase—promoting complex,APC 促后期复合物anarogen 雄激素anatomy 解剖学ancestor 祖先ancient 古老(的生物) 古老的anemia 贫血(症) 局部缺血angiosperm 被子植物anionic 阴离子的antagonistic 对抗性的antagonize 对抗;中和antennae 触角anterior 前的anther 花药anticodon 反密码子antidiuretiC 抗利尿的 抗利尿anus 肛门anus 肛门aorta 主动脉apex (复)apices 顶,顶点apparatus 体;器官;装置appendicitis 阑尾炎appendix 阑尾appetlte 食欲,胃口appreciable 可估计的appropriate 适当的approximately 近似地,大约archaebacteria 古细菌archaic 古代的arterial 动脉的arteriole 小动脉artery 动脉arthritis 关节炎artificial chromosome 人工染色体aspartic 天冬氨酸astrocyte 星形(神经胶质),细胞asymmetric 不对称的atmosphere 大气层,大气圈atrium 心房autocatalytic 自动催化的autonomic neuron 自主神经元autonomously replicatingsequence A RS自主复制起序列autophagy 自噬作用axon 轴突axoplasm 轴浆Bbacillus 杆菌bacteria 细菌bacterial artificialchromosome, B AC 细菌人工染色体bacteriophage 噬菌体bacterium 细菌basal cell carcinoma 基层细胞癌base 碱基basement membrane 基膜bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐bilateral symmetry 两侧对称bilayer 双层binal 双重的,两倍的,孪生的binding 结合位点binomial 双名的biochemical 生物化学的biogeography 生物地理学biology 生物学biotechnology 生物技术biotic 生物的bipedal 两足动物的bipolar 双极的blastocoele 囊胚腔blastoderm 胚盘blastomere 卵裂球blastula 囊胚blister水疱,疱blood pressure 血压blood-clotting 凝血boron 硼botanist 植物学家botanist 植物学家boulder 巨砾,圆石bounce 跳起breeze 微风bryophytes 苔藓类植物bud 芽buffer 缓冲,缓冲剂bulb 鳞茎bulky 泡状bumble 犯大错bump 碰,撞bundle 维管束bunting 巫鸟buoyancy 浮力buoyant 有浮力的butanol 丁醇Ccaecilian 无足类caffeine 咖啡因cambium 形成层Cambrian 寒武纪cancerous 癌的capillary bed 毛细血管床capillary 毛细血管capsid (病毒)衣壳carbohydrate 碳水化合物,糖类carbonate 碳酸盐carboxy 羧基carboxylation 羧化作用carboxypeptidase 羧肽酶carcinogen 致癌剂carcinoma 癌cardiovascular 心血管的carotenoid 类胡萝卜素carotid 颈动脉的carpel 心皮catalyze 催化catecholamine 儿茶酚胺cateract 白内障cell secretion细胞分泌cell wall 细胞壁cellulose 纤维素,植物纤维物质Cenozoic 新生代centiped 少足类central dogma 中心法则central vacuole 中央液泡centrifuge 离心机centriole 中心粒centromere 着丝粒,着丝点centromeric sequence C EN着丝粒序列cephalization 头部形成cerebellum 小脑cerebral 大脑的champion 拥护者channel通道,管道chemotaxis 趋化性chlorine 氯,氯气chlorofluorocarbon 含氯氟烃chlorophyll 叶绿素chlorophyllase 叶绿素酶chloroplast 叶绿体chloroquine 氯奎choke 窒息,噎cholesterol 胆固醇chordate 脊索动物chorion 绒毛膜chromatid 染色单体chromatin 染色质chromatography 层析chromosome 染色体chylomicron 乳糜小滴chyme 食糜chymotripisn 糜蛋白酶chysophyte 金藻chytrids 壶菌cicada 蝉ciliated 具纤毛的Ciliophora 纤毛门circadian 全天的circulate 循环,环流circumstance 环境cis-acting element 顺式作用元件cis-G olgi network, C GN高尔基内侧网络cistron 顺反子citric 柠檬的clathrin-coated vesicle 披网格蛋白小泡cleavage 卵裂,细胞分裂cleave 分开clone 克隆,无性系clot 凝块cloverleaf 三叶草club fungi珊瑚菌担子菌(B asidiomycetes)coccus 球菌coccyx 尾骶骨的 尾骨code 密码coelom 体腔coenzyme 辅酶coexist 共存coherent 粘着的,连贯的coil 卷,盘绕coincidence 巧合coleoptile 胚芽鞘collagen 骨胶原,成胶质collateral 侧支collenchyma 厚角组织commensalisms 共栖,共生competitive inhibitor 竞争性抵制剂complementary 互补的,补充的concentration 浓度connective tissue 结缔组织constitutive enzyme 组成酶Constitutive secretory pathway 组成型分泌途径contaminant 沾染物contour 轮廓,外形contractile 可收缩的contraction 收缩convulsion 惊厥coolant 冷却剂C O P II coated vesicles C O P II 被膜小泡C O P I coated vesicles C O P I被膜小泡copulate 交配cord 索cork 皮层,木栓cornea 角膜cortex 皮质corticosteroid 皮质甾类cortisol 肾上腺皮质索cotyledon 子叶cotyledonary 子叶的counterpart 副本,复本covalence 共价covalent bond 共价键covalent 共价covering 覆盖cranial nerves 脑神经cranial 脑的crawl 蠕动creature 生物crenate 圆齿状的crest 达到顶点cretaceous 白垩纪的crevice 裂缝crispnsee 脆,鲜嫩cristae 嵴 (拉)crossing over 遗传物质的交换cross—linked 交联的crustacea 浮游甲壳动物crustacean 甲壳动物crystalline 结晶的culture 培养,栽培cushione 缓冲 缓和cuticle 表皮,角质层cutin 角质cyanobacteria 蓝细菌cyclin 细胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependent proteinkinases, CD K 细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶cytochrome 细胞色素cytokinin 细胞分裂素cytomembrane systeme 膜系统cytoplasm 细胞质cytosine 胞嘧啶cytoskeleton 细胞骨架cytosol 胞液,细胞溶质Ddaughter chromosome 子染色体debris 碎片decipher 破译decomposer 分解者degenerate 变性degrade 使降解deletion 染色体的缺失denaturation 变性dendrite 树突deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic脱氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose 脱氧核糖deposition 沉积作用deprive 剥夺deprive 夺去derevative 衍生物desensitization脱敏现象,减感作用detergent 去垢剂deuterostome 后口动物development 发育,发展dextran 葡聚糖dialysis 透析,渗析diaphragm 横隔膜diastolic 心脏舒张的diatom 硅藻differential centrifugation差速离心differentiation 分化diffraction 衍射diffusion 扩散,渗滤digestive tract 消化道dihybrid 双因子杂种dilute 稀释dimensional 维,度,元dimer 二聚体dioxide 二氧化物dip 浸,蘸dipeptide 二肽diploid 二倍体的distort 变形,扭曲distortion 畸变,变形,失真divergence 分歧diverse vesicle 消化泡diversity 多样性,差异Docking protein, DP 停泊蛋白dodecyl 十二烷基dominant 显性的,显性性状donor 供体dormant 休眠的dorsal 背面的dorsal root ganglion背根神经节dorsal 背部的double helix 双螺旋duodenum 十二指肠duplicate 复制dynamic 动力学的,动态的dyneins 动力蛋白dysentery 痢疾Eearlobe 耳垂earthworm 蚯蚓echinoderm 棘皮动物ecological 生态学的ecosystem 生态系统ectoderm 外胚层ectotherm 冷血动物edoplasmic reticulum 内质网effector 效应器efferent 传出的egg 蛋,卵egg-laying mammals 卵生哺乳动物egret 白鹭,冠毛eject 排斥,逐出elaborate 精细制作的,复杂的elastic connective tissue 弹力结缔组织elastin 弹性蛋白electron 电子electrophoresis 电泳embryo 胚,胚胎embryogenesis 胚胎发生embryology 胚胎学embryonic 胚胎的emulsion 乳状液encephalitis 脑炎encode 编码endocrine 内分泌endocytic 细胞内吞作用endocytosis 胞吞作用endoderm 内胚层endomembrane systems内膜系统endoplasmic 内质的endoplasmic reticulum内质网endosome 内体endosperm胚乳endosymbiosis 内共生endothelial 内皮的endotherm 热血动物enucleate 去…。
生物学专业英语词汇
Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说cell membrane细胞膜nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器cell wall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unit membrane 单位膜chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome 核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclear fission核分裂reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁secondary wall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil 雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮life history生活史root system根系main root主根lateral root侧根taproot system直根系fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部vascular ray 维管射线xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官analogous organ同功器官endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-green algae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞green algae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖anisogamy 卵式生殖zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体brown algae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物aquatic plant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞prokaryotic cell原核细胞eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质nucleic acid核酸carbohydrate糖lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期pulmonary alveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称nerve net神经网planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum 腹吸盘oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳tympanum cavity中耳腔amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层lagena 瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉glandular stomach腺胃air sac气囊salt gland盐腺sclerotic ring 巩膜骨viviparity胎生placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊masticatory stomach肌胃reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓internal naris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型strain 菌株recipient 受体donor 供体fragment 片段induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNA metabolic regulation代谢调节feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖mucopeptide黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。
生物相关的雅思英语词汇
生物相关的雅思英语词汇地球上的植物大约有50多万种,动物约有150多万种。
下面是分享的关于生物的,希望能对大家有所帮助!butterfly n. 蝴蝶,蝶状物,蝶泳 vt. (烹饪时把鱼肉等)切开摊平dragonfly n. 蜻蜓cocoon n. 茧,茧状物, vt. 包围,包裹silkworm n. 蚕cicada n. 蝉,知了grasshopper n. 蚱蜢(输送设备, 转送装置, 小型侦察机)leech n. 水蛭, 吸血鬼, 榨取他人利益的人 v. 以水蛭吸血cockroach n. 蟑螂beetle n. 甲虫 n. 大锥,小木槌 vi. 忙碌地来回,突出,高悬 adj. 显著的,突出的locust n. 蝗虫 n. 洋槐,刺槐mosquito n. 蚊子spider n. 蜘蛛mantis n. 螳螂worm n. 虫,蠕虫 vt. 蠕动,驱虫,慢慢探听出 vi. 蠕动bug n.小虫, 臭虫 v.打搅 [口]故障,毛病 [计]特指程序编译中所产生缺陷或问题fungi n. 菌类, 蘑菇germ n. 微生物, 细菌wing n. 翅膀,翼 vt. 给...装上翼,飞行 vi. 飞行nest n. 巢, 窝 vt. 嵌入 vi. 筑巢creep vi. 爬, 蔓延 n. 爬, 徐行, 蠕动pollen n. 花粉 v. 授粉给insecticide n. 杀虫剂food chain n. 食物链jaw n. 颚,颌,说教,流言蜚语 vt. &vi. 喋喋不休,教训tongue n. 舌头,语言,口条,语言,说话方式 vt. 舔,闲谈,斥责vi. 吹乐器scent n. 气味,香味,痕迹 vt. 闻出,觉察,使充满味道,得到...的暗示 vi. 嗅闻,循着遗臭追踪,散发气味claw n. 爪,钳,螯,爪状物 vt. &vi. 抓,撕feather n. 羽毛,心情,种类,服饰 vt. 用羽毛装饰 vi. 长出羽毛breed n. 品种,族类 vt. 养育,繁殖,引起 vi. 繁殖hatch n. 孵化,舱口 vt. 孵,孵出 vi. 孵化,破壳incubator n. 孵卵器,细菌培养器,早产儿保育器scale n. 鳞, 刻度, 衡量, 数值范围 v. 依比例决定, 攀登fin n. 鳍,鱼翅,鳍状物,散热片,五元纸币 vt. 装上鳍片 vi. 露鳍于水面,拍动鳍, 象鱼一样beak n. 鸟嘴,鸟嘴装物体,鼻 n. 地方治安官,校长paw n. 手掌, 手爪 v. 以蹄扒地, 笨拙地使用, 费力地前进fang n. 尖牙horn n. 喇叭 n.(牛、羊等的)角, 喇叭, 触角 v.装角mulberry n. 桑树, 深紫红色coral adj. 珊瑚(色)的 n. 珊瑚hindquarter n. 后腿及臀部。
生物学英语词汇大全了解生物学领域的专业术语和概念
生物学英语词汇大全了解生物学领域的专业术语和概念生物学是研究生命现象和生命规律的一门学科,其中涉及到大量的专业术语和概念。
了解这些术语和概念的含义对于学习和理解生物学非常重要。
以下是一个生物学英语词汇大全,将介绍一些常用的专业术语和概念,帮助读者更好地理解生物学知识。
1. Biology 生物学Biology is the study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.2. Organism 有机体An organism is any individual living thing, such as a plant, animal, or microorganism.3. Cell 细胞A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.4. DNA 脱氧核糖核酸DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that carries genetic information in organisms.5. Genes 基因Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific proteins and determine an organism's traits.6. Evolution 进化Evolution is the process of change in all forms of life over generations, resulting in the diversity and complexity of organisms seen today.7. Species 物种A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.8. Natural selection 自然选择Natural selection is the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time, based on their fitness and adaptability to the environment.9. Ecosystem 生态系统An ecosystem is a community of living organisms and their physical environment, interacting as a system.10. Photosynthesis 光合作用Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose.11. Respiration 呼吸作用Respiration is the process by which organisms obtain energy from glucose and release carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.12. Prokaryote 原核生物Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.13. Eukaryote 真核生物Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.14. Mitosis 有丝分裂Mitosis is the process of cell division in eukaryotic cells, resulting in two identical daughter cells.15. Meiosis 减数分裂Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells, resulting in the production of haploid gametes.16. Ecology 生态学Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment.17. Food chain 食物链A food chain is a series of organisms that are linked together by their feeding relationships.18. Biodiversity 生物多样性Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including the number of different species, genetic variation within species, and the diversity of ecosystems.19. Genetics 遗传学Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and the variation of inherited traits in living organisms.20. Biotechnology 生物技术Biotechnology is the use of living organisms or their components to create useful products or solve practical problems.这些是生物学领域中常用的专业术语和概念的英语词汇大全。
《生物专业英语》核心词汇
《生物专业英语》专业词汇1.electron microscopy 电子显微镜2.chloroplast 叶绿体3.mitochondria 线粒体4.phospholipid 磷脂5.lipid bilayer 脂双层6.plasma membrane 质膜7.extracellular 细胞外的8.cellulose纤维素9.polysaccharides多糖10.vacuole液泡11.chromatin 染色质12.eukaryotic 真核的13.prokaryotic 原核的14.ribosomes核糖体15.thylakoids类囊体16.peroxisomes, 过氧物酶体17.hydrolytic enzyme 水解酶18.cytoskeleton 细胞骨架19.Chlorophyll 叶绿素20.Chromosome 染色体21.Glycolysis醣酵解22.Microtubule微管anelle细胞器24.Prokaryotic cell 原核细胞25.apoptosis细胞凋亡26.endocytosis 细胞内吞作用27.graminaceous plant禾本科植物28.Pharmacology 药理学29.morphology形态学30.anatomy解剖学31.taxonomy 分类学32.binary nomenclature 双名法33.ontogenesis个体发生34.phylogenesis系统发生35.nanometer 纳米36.micrometer 微米limeter 毫米38.centimeter 厘米39.decimeter分米40.flora植物志,植物群落41.homologous同源的42.plasmodesmata [植]胞间连丝43.plasmolysis质壁分离44.tonoplast液泡膜45.hydrodynamics流体力学, 水动力学46.leucoplast 白色体47.Proplastid 前质体, 原质体48.carotinoid 类胡萝卜素49.saprophytic腐生的50.parasitic寄生的51.endosperm 胚乳52.concentric同中心的53.eccentric偏心的,偏轴的,离心的54.vascular tissue维管组织55.lignin 木质素,56.Chromoplast 有色体57.Amyloplast 淀粉体58.Epidermis 表皮59.Saprophy 腐生60.histology 组织学61.cytology 细胞学62.bacteriology细菌学63.prototype原型64.tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)烟草花叶病毒65.The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)透射电子显微镜66.The scanning electron microscope (SEM)扫描电子显微镜67.solid phase 固相68.gas phase 气相69.liquid phase 液相70.ultraviolet light紫外光71.wave length 波长72.subcellular structure 亚细胞结构73.endoplasmic reticulum 内质网74.lipophilic亲脂性的75.assimilation tissue同化组织76.xylem木质部77.phloem韧皮部78.Meristem 分生组织79.embryogenesis胚胎发生80.symmetric对称的81.inflorescence 花, 花序82.apical meristem 顶端分生组织teral meristem侧生分生组织84.intercalary meristem居间分生组织85.apical dominance[植]顶端优势86.gymnosperm 裸子植物87.angiosperm被子植物88.vascular cambium维管形成层89.cork cambium木栓形成层90.annual rings年轮91.internode节间92.morphogenesis形态发生,形态建成,93.differentiate 分化94.dedifferentiate 去分化,反分化95.totipotency 全能, 全能性96.root cap根冠.97.leaf vein叶脉98.radical apex 根尖99.Procambium原始形成层100.cross-section横截面101.parenchyma 薄壁组织102.ornamental plant观赏植物103.Isodiametric等直径的, 等轴的104.lignify木质化105.parasite寄生虫106.xerophyte旱生植物107.Aquatic plant水生植物108.shade plant阴生植物109.guard cell 保卫细胞110.intercellular space细胞间隙111.photosynthesis 光合作用112.anaerobic厌氧的113.infrared light 红外光114.redox氧化还原作用115.cofactor辅助因素116.photosystem 光系统117.cytochrome细胞色素118.ATP (adenosine triphosphate) 三磷酸腺苷119.carboxylase羧化酶120.oxygenase 加氧酶121.photorespiration 光呼吸122.Carbohydrate 糖;碳水化合物123.Mesophyll 叶肉124.Photoinhibition n. 光抑制125.Plastoquinone 质体醌126.antioxidant 抗氧化剂127.decarboxylation脱羧128.autotrophic organisms自养生物129.thermodynamic热力学的130.biodiversity 生物多样性131.symbiotic relationship共生关系132.endosymbiosis内共生133.hydrophobic疏水的134.hydrophilic亲水的135.nanotechnology纳米技术136.biomedical生物医学的137.fluorescent荧光的, 莹光的138.pharmaceutical医药品139.nutraceutical营养品140.promoter启动子141.bioremediation生物补救,生物修复142.biological breakdown生物降解143.interdisciplinary学科间的144.entomology昆虫学145.weed science草业科学146.ecosystem生态系统147.Taxonomy分类学pound eyes复眼149.Fungi真菌150.invasivespecies入侵种151.ScienceCitation Index科学引文索引152.the National Institutes of Health(美国)全国卫生研究所153.Neuroscience.神经系统科学154.ISSN(international standard serial number)国际标准期刊编号155.Semimonthly半月的156.Bimonthly双月的157.Quarterly季度的,三月的158.Engineering Index (EI)工程(技术资料)索引159.dissertation(学位)论文160.Biophysics生物物理学161.Immunology免疫学162.Pathology病理学163.Physiology生理学164.Virology病毒学165.Systematic Biology系统生物学166.antibiotic抗生素167.Genomics基因组学168.pesticide杀虫剂ctic-acid乳酸170.recombinant重组体171.allergic过敏的,患过敏症的172.insulin胰岛素173.identical twins同卵双生174.Dolly the Sheep多利羊175.zygote合子,受精卵176.reproductive cell生殖细胞177.Somatic cell体细胞178.Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)体细胞核移植179.Artificial embryo twinning人工胚胎双生180.surrogate mother替身母亲181.trial-and-error反复试验182.Implantation移植,培植183.Telomeric端粒的184.telomere端粒185.lifespan寿命186.infertility不育187.in vitro体外,在生物体外188.in vivo在活的有机体内189.genotype基因型190.phenotype表现型,表型191.germination萌芽,发生192.Growth regulator生长调节剂193.auxin生长素194.cytokinin细胞分裂素195.metabolite代谢物196.micropropagation微繁197.disinfection消毒,灭菌198.autoclave高压灭菌器199.explant外植体200.Vector载体201.cancerous tissue癌组织的202.Vaccine疫苗203.Embryonic tissue胚性组织204.homogenize均质化205.bacteriophage噬菌体206.sticky end粘性末端207.blunt end平末端208.ligase连接酶209.codon密码子210.bovine牛的211.transgenic转基因的212.pathogen病菌,病原体213.glucose isomerase葡萄糖异构酶214.starch saccharification淀粉糖基化215.restriction endonuclease限制性内切核酸酶216.rate-determining step限速步骤217.enzymic catalysis酶学催化反应218.specificity特异性219.hydrogen bond氢键220.thermostability热稳定性221.Mutant突变异种,突变体222.Penicillin青霉素223.biosensor生物传感器224.optical isomers光学异构体225.hydrolysis水解226.hexokinase己糖激酶227.hexose己醣228.fructose果糖229.noncovalent非共价键的230.coenzyme辅酶231.Oxidoreductase氧化还原酶232.dehydrogenases脱氢酶233.oxidase氧化酶234.oxygenase加氧酶235.peroxidase过氧(化)物酶236.Transferase转移酶237.Hydrolase水解酶238.esterase酯酶239.glycosidase糖苷酶240.lipase脂肪酶241.protease蛋白酶242.dehydratase脱水酶243.pectinase果胶酶244.Isomerase异构酶245.isomerisation异构化246.epimerase差向(异构)酶247.synthetase合成酶248.pancreas胰腺249.intestine肠250.receptor受体251.Terminator终止子252.anticodon反密码子253.peptide bond肽键254.detoxification解毒,脱毒255.soybean大豆256.trans反式257.cis顺式258.cardiovascular disease心血管疾病259.homogeneous同类的,相似的,均一的260.heterogeneous不同种类的261.carcinogenic致癌物(质)的262.bioethics生物伦理学263.multidisciplinary多学科的264.pesticide杀虫剂265.bioreactor生物反应器266.the Royal Society(英国)皇家学会267.FAO=Food and Agriculture Organization (of the United Nations)(联合国)粮食及农业组织268.broad sense广义的269.narrow sense狭义的270.genetically modified organisms (GMOs)遗传修饰生物271.fishery渔业272.forestry林业273.Marker-assisted selection标记辅助选择274.DNA fingerprintingDNA指纹275.quantitative trait loci数量性状位点276.allergenic引起过敏的277.cultivar栽培品种278.Biosafety生物研究安全性279.Amino acid氨基酸280.Autofluorescence自发荧光281.Base pair碱基对282.Biodiversity生物多样性283.Carotinoid类胡萝卜素284.Centromere着丝点,着丝粒285.Cytoplasm细胞质286.Differentiation分化287.Embryo胚胎,胎儿,胚芽288.Entomology昆虫学289.Genome基因组/染色体组290.Glycosylate使糖基化291.Hybridization杂交,杂种培植,配种292.Inheritance遗传293.Kidney肾脏294.Lysosome溶酶体295.Mammalian哺乳动物296.Meiosis减数分裂297.Micronutrient微量元素298.Mitosis有丝分裂299.Monocotyledon单子叶植物300.dicotyledon双子叶植物301.Mutation突变302.Nucleotide核苷303.Phospholipid磷脂304.Polymerase聚合酶305.Polypeptide多肽306.polymorphism多态性,多型性1.界Kingdom2.门Phylum3.纲class4.目Order5.科family6.属genus7.种Species8.品种variety专业英语单词整理haplo,mono,uni:单,一,独 haploid 单倍体; monoxide 一氧化物bi,di,dipl,twi,du: 二,双,两,偶 dichromatic 双色的;diplobacillus 双杆菌tri: 三,丙 triangle 三角;triacylglycerol 三酰甘油quadri,quadru,quart,tetr,tetra:四 quadruped 四足动物;tetracycline 四环素pent,penta,quique: 五 pentose 戊糖;pentane 戊烷hex,hexa,sex: 六 hexose 已糖 hexapod 六足动物;hexamer 六聚体hepta,sept(i): 七 heptane 庚烷 heptose 庚糖 heptoglobin 七珠蛋白oct: 八octopus 章鱼 octagon 八角形 octane 辛烷 octase 辛糖ennea,nona: 九 nonapeptide 九肽 enneahedron 九面体deca,deka: 十decapod 十足目动物 decahedron 十面体 decagram 十克demi-,hemi-,semi-: 半hemicerebrum 大脑半球;semiopaque 半透明holo-: 全,整体,完全 holoenzyme 全酶;holocrine 全分泌mega-: 巨大,兆,百万 megaspore 大孢子;megakaryocyte 巨核细胞macro-: 大,巨大,多 macrophage 巨噬细胞;macromolecular 大分子的poly-,multi-,mult-: 多,复合 polyacrylate 聚丙烯酸酯;polymerase 聚合酶ab- 去,离开 abarticular 关节外的;abaxial 离轴的acro- 顶,向顶 acrosome 顶体;acrospire 顶芽,初生叶Ambi-, amb-, ambo- 两侧,二,复 ambiopia 复视;ambosexual 两性的amphi- 二,两,双 amphibia 两栖类;amphinucleoli 双核仁pan- 完全 panagglutination 全凝集;panarthritis 全关节炎-ase 酶 protease 蛋白酶;polymerase 聚合酶-ate 盐,酯 phosphate 磷酸盐;sebacate 奎二酸酯-gen 原,剂 antigen 抗原;mutagen 诱变剂-ose 糖 heptose 庚糖,lactose 乳糖-some 体,粒 chromosome 染色体;idiosome 核旁体-phil 亲,嗜,喜 acidophil 嗜酸的,aerophil 好气的-derm 皮,皮层;derma- blastoderm 胚层;dermadrone 内病性皮疹-lemma 皮,壳,鞘膜 basilemma 基底膜;lemmatoxin 鞘毒素-nema 丝,线 amphinema 偶线;chromonema 染色线;nemacicide 杀线虫剂-osic 病,症;-itis acalcicosis缺钙症;hepatitis 肝炎Bacteri(o): 细菌 bacteriocin 细菌素;bacteriophage 嗜菌体Biosis: 生命 anhydrobiosis 脱水生活;dysbiosis 生态失调Carbo: 碳carbocyclic 碳环的;carbonate 碳酸盐Carcin(o): 癌 carcinogen 致癌物;carcinocidin 消癌菌素Caryo: 核 eucaryotic 真核的,caryogenesis 核发生Chemo: 化学 chemotherapy 化学疗法; chemoautotrophy 化能自养(生物) Chlor(o): 绿,氯 chlorophilline 叶绿素;chlorophore 载绿体;chloride 氯化物Chondri(o): 软骨,颗,粒chondriglucose 软骨葡萄糖;chondriosome 线粒体Eryth(ro): 红 erythromycin 红霉素;erythrocyte 红血球Embryo: 胚胎embryogenesis 胚胎发生;embryoblast 成胚细胞Dys-: 不良,异常,障碍 dys-cyclia 循环障碍;dysembryoma 畸胎瘤Eu-: 常,真,好 eucaryote 真核生物;eubacteria 真细菌Exo-: 外 exon 外显子;exonuclease 核酸外切酶Idio-: 独有,特异 idiobiology 个体生物学;idioblast 异细胞Iso-: 等,同,异 isozyme 同功酶;isotropic 各向同性的;isopropanol 异丙醇Hetero-: 异,杂,不同 heterocyclic 杂环的; heterochromosome 异染色体Homeo-: 同祖,(部分)同源homeoallele 部分同源等位基因;homeotransplant 同种移植Homo-: 同,同源,高homocaryon 同核体;homocysteine 高半胱氨酸;homothermal 恒温的Hyalo-: 玻璃、透明hyaloplasm 透明质;hyalospore 无色孢子Cardia(o): 心amyocardia 心肌无力;angiocardiopathy 心血管病;bradycardia 心动过缓Cryo: 冷,冻 cryoadhesion 冷冻粘结;cryoalgae 冰雪藻类Feti(o): 胎feticide 堕胎;fetoscopy 胎镜Fibr(o): 纤维 fibroblast 成纤维细胞;fibrocarcinoma 纤维癌Flav:黄flavoprotein黄素蛋白;thioflavin硫磺素Lip(o)-:脂(的)lipophilic亲脂的;lipoadenoma脂肪腺瘤Lys(o)-:溶、解、分、离lysozyme溶菌酶;lysate溶解产物;lysophagosome吞噬溶酶体Leuc(o)-:无色、白、白细胞leucoagglutinin白细胞凝集素;leucogenenol促白细胞生成素Melan(o)-:黑melanophore载黑素细胞;melanocarcinoma黑素细胞癌Telo-:端,末尾telophase有丝分裂末期;telomerase端粒酶Morpho:形、形态amorphous无定形的;morphogenesis形态发生Myo:肌肉myoglobin肌球蛋白;myoadenofibroma肌腺纤维瘤Neuro:神经neuroangiomatosis神经血管瘤病;neuroepidermal神经表皮的Meso:中、介mesoderm中胚层;mesozoic中生代的Meta:异、变、偏、次、后、中、转metachrome异染色体;metamorphosis变形Organ(o):器官,有机organacidia有机酸症organelle细胞器Ion:离子anion阴离子;zwitterion两性离子Reticul(o):网reticulocyte网织红细胞;reticuloendothelial网状内皮的Vacuo:空,泡,管vacuoplast液泡体;vacuolus液泡Tox:毒toxin毒素;toxemia毒血症Fluor(o):氟,荧光fluorochrome荧光染料;fluorescence荧光Gam:性,婚配、gamete配子;gamic受精的Geno:遗传,基因,种族,生殖genotype基因型;genopathy遗传病Glyc(o),Gluc(o):甜、糖glycoside糖苷;glucohemia糖血症Gyno:雌性gynogamone雌配素;gynospore雌孢子H(a)emo:血haemoglobin血红蛋白;hemocyanin血蓝蛋白Helio:太阳、光heliophilous喜阳的;heliosis中暑Hist(o):组织histocompatibility组织相容性;histidine组氨酸;histone组蛋白Immuno:免疫immunoautoradiography免疫放射自显影Kine(to):动kinetin激动蛋白;kinetochore动粒,着丝点Onco肿瘤,癌oncogene,致癌基因;oncolysis溶癌作用;oncovirus致癌病毒O(v)o卵,蛋oocyte卵母细胞, oocyan卵清蛋白, ovogenesis卵子发生Patho病pathotoxins疾病毒素, pathobolism病理代谢Peri周,围pericardial,心周的;perikaryon核周体Phospho磷酸phosphodiester磷酸二酯Phyto植物phytokinase,植物激酶phytoferritin植物铁蛋白Proto原,初protofibril,原纤维protolignin原木质素Pseudo假,拟pseudoembryo,假胚胎pseudodominance拟显性Vertebrate脊椎动物Rodent啮齿动物Reptile爬行动物Amphibian两栖动物Protozoan原生动物Primate灵长类动物homo sapiens人类abdomen 腹部gall bladder胆囊pancreas胰腺spleen脾duodenum十二指肠small intestine小肠large intestine大肠 blind gut盲肠vermiform appendix阑尾 rectum直肠anus肛门hip臀部joint关节vein静脉capillary毛细血管windpipe气管gullet食管。
常用生物学专业英语词汇完整版
常用生物学专业英语词汇HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】Aacceptor 受体acetate 醋酸盐;醋酸根acetyl 乙酰基.actin 肌动蛋白actinomycinD 放线菌素D activation 活化;激活active site 活性中心adenine 腺嘌呤adenosine 腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl 腺苷的adenovirus 腺病毒adhering junctings 粘着连接adhesion 粘着;附着adjacent 毗邻的adrenal肾上腺的, 肾上腺affinity 亲和;吸引agar 琼脂,洋菜agarose 琼脂糖agency 媒介agent 剂aggregate 聚合体albumin 白蛋白,清蛋白allelc 等位基因allele 等位基因突变遗传因子allostericmodification 别构修饰allosteric 别构的Alzheimer’s disease阿尔茨海默氏病amino 氨基的~acid氨基酸aminopeptidase 氨基肽酶amphibian 两栖动物amphipathic 两亲的两性的amylase 淀粉酶anaerobic 厌氧的analysis 分析,分解analyze 分析anaphase (细胞分裂的)后期anaphase-promotingcomplex, APC 促后期复合物anarogen 雄激素anatomy 解剖学anionic 阴离子的appropriate 适当的approximately 近似地,大约artificial chromosome人工染色体aspartic 天冬氨酸astrocyte 星形(神经胶质),细胞asymmetric 不对称的autocatalytic 自动催化的autonomouslyreplicating sequenceARS 自主复制起序列autophagy 自噬作用axon 轴突Bbacteria 细菌bacterial artificialchromosome, BAC 细菌人工染色体bacteriophage 噬菌体basal cell carcinoma基层细胞癌base 碱基basement membrane 基膜bilayer 双层binal 双重的,两倍的,孪生的binding 结合位点blastocoele 囊胚腔blastoderm 胚盘blastomere 卵裂球blastula 囊胚Ccancerous 癌的capsid (病毒)衣壳carbohydrate 碳水化合物,糖类carbonate 碳酸盐carboxy 羧基carboxylation 羧化作用carboxypeptidase 羧肽酶carcinogen 致癌剂carcinoma 癌cardiovascular 心血管的cell secretion细胞分泌centrifuge 离心机cholesterol 胆固醇chromatid 染色单体chromatin 染色质chromatography 层析cis-acting element?顺式作用元件cis-Golgi network, CGN 高尔基内侧网络cistron 顺反子clathrin-coatedvesicle 披网格蛋白小泡clone 克隆,无性系(Basidiomycetes) coelom 体腔coenzyme 辅酶coherent 粘着的,连贯的competitive inhibitor竞争性抵制剂complementary 互补的,补充的COPII coated vesiclesCOPII被膜小泡COPI coated vesiclesCOPI被膜小泡covalence 共价covalent bond 共价键covalent 共价cross-linked 交联的culture 培养,栽培cushion 缓冲缓和cyclin 细胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependentprotein kinases, CDK细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶cytochrome 细胞色素cytomembrane systeme膜系统cytoplasm 细胞质cytosine 胞嘧啶cytoskeleton 细胞骨架cytosol 胞液,细胞溶质Ddegrade 使降解deletion 染色体的缺失denaturation 变性dendrite 树突deoxyribonucleic acid脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic 脱氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose 脱氧核糖dextran 葡聚糖dialysis 透析,渗析differentialcentrifugation 差速离心differentiation 分化diffusion 扩散,渗滤dilute 稀释dimensional 维,度,元dimer 二聚体Docking protein, DP?停泊蛋白dodecyl 十二烷基donor 供体duplicate 复制dynamic 动力学的,动态的dyneins?动力蛋白dysentery 痢疾Eedoplasmic reticulum内质网elaborate 精细制作的,复杂的elastic connective tissue 弹力结缔组织electrophoresis 电泳embryo 胚,胚胎embryogenesis 胚胎发生embryology 胚胎学embryonic 胚胎的encode 编码endocrine 内分泌endocytic 细胞内吞作用endocytosis 胞吞作用endoderm 内胚层endomembrane systems 内膜系统endoplasmic 内质的endoplasmic reticulum 内质网envelope 包膜,包被enzyme 酶epinephrine 肾上腺素epithelial 上皮的epithelium 上皮ER retention signal 内质网驻留信号estrogen 雌激素ethical 伦理的,道德的eukaryotic 真核生物的evolution 进化,进展exon exotron 外显子extracellular 细胞外的extract v. 抽提Fferredoxin 铁氧化还原蛋白fibroblast 成纤维细胞filtration 过滤作用frequency 频率,次数fruit fly 果蝇function 功能,作用fungi 真菌fusion 融合,融合体Ggalactose 半乳糖galactosidase 半乳糖苷酶galactoside 半乳糖苷genus 属,类germ layer 胚层Golgi body 高尔基体Golgi complex高尔基复合体gonad 性腺,生殖腺gonadotropin 促性腺激素guanine 鸟嘌呤Hhaploid 单倍体hereditary 遗传hereditary 遗传的heritable 可遗传的heritable 可遗传的,被遗传的heterozygote 杂合体heterozygous 杂合的histone 组蛋白homeostasis 体内稳态Homo 人(学名)homogenizer 匀浆器homologous 同源的homozygote 纯合体homozygous 纯合的hormone 激素hydrophilic 亲水的hydrophobic 疏水的hypertonic 高渗的hypotonic 低渗的Iidentical 完全相同的,同一的immune 免疫的immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白immunology 免疫学insulin 胰岛素integrate 整合integrity 完整,完全intermediate 中间的,中间产物Intermediate?filaments, IFs 中间纤维internal 内部的,体内的intracellular 细胞内的intricate 复杂的,错综的intrinsic 内部的,内在的intron 内含子(基因内区)isolation 分离isotonic 等渗的JKkaryotype 核型,染色体组型kidney 肾kinesins 驱动蛋白kinesis 运动Llactose 乳糖Lamina 核纤层lateral 侧面的,横向的lesion 损害损毁病变病灶病斑病痕ligases 连接酶lipoprotein 脂蛋白luciferase 荧光素酶lumen 腔luminescence 生物发光lymph 淋巴lympocyte 淋巴细胞lysosome 溶酶体lysozyme 溶菌酶lytic 裂解的Mmacrophage 巨噬细胞magnesium 镁malignant 恶性的marrow 髓,骨髓matrix 基质mechanism 机制meiosis 减数分裂membrane-boundorganelles 膜细胞器Membrane Trafficking膜运输metabolism 新陈代谢metaphase 细胞分裂的中期microfilament 微丝microglia 小神经胶质细胞micron 微米microorganism 微生物microplast 微原生质体microscope 显微镜microtube 微管microtubule 微管Microtubule organizingcenters, MTOC 微管组织中心mitosis 有丝分裂mitotic 有丝分裂的mitotic apparatus 纺锤体又称为有丝分裂器modification 修饰,修改monomer 单体Nnanometer 毫微米,纳米natural selection 自然选择nerve cord 神经索nerve 神经nervous 神经的neurilemma 神经膜neuroglia 神经胶质细胞neuroglial 神经胶质细胞的neuron 神经元neurotransmitter 神经递质neutral 中性的neutralize 中和nickel 镍nicotinamide 烟酰胺nitrate 硝酸盐nitric 硝酸nitrogen 氮noncoding 非编码的Nuclear envelope?核膜nuclear export signals, NES 核输出信号nuclearlocalization?signals, NLS 核定位信号nuclear pore complex?核孔复合体nucleic 核酸nucleolarorganizing?region,(NOR) 核仁组织区nucleolus (复数nucleoli)核仁nucleoplasm 核基质nucleoprotein核蛋白nucleosome 核小体核粒nucleotide核苷酸nucleus 细胞核Oobesity 肥胖的oligomer 寡聚体,低聚体oligosaccharide 寡糖oncogene 癌基因operon 操纵子optimal 最适宜的,最理想的organelle 细胞器,类器官organism 生物体,有机体organize 使成有机体organogenesis 器官发生ovary 子房,卵巢Ppaternal 父方的父系的Phagocytosis 吞噬作用phagocytize 吞噬pivotal中枢的,关键的prolong 延长prosthetic辅基protease蛋白酶QRregulator gene 调节基因resin 树脂ribonucleic 核糖核酸ribose 核糖ribosomal RNA 核糖体RNAribosome 核糖体rotational 旋转的Ssarcoma 肉瘤semiconserevative 半保留的sickle-cell 镰状细胞smooth endoplasmicreticulum 滑面内质网sodium dodecyl sulfate十二烷基硫酸钠solubility 溶解度,可溶性soluble 可溶的somatic 体细胞的sonication 超声处理spiral 螺旋的splice 剪接spontaneous 自发的steroid 类固醇stroma 间质structural gene 结构基因ssupercoil 超螺旋supernatant 上清液susceptible 敏感的synapse 突触synergistic 协作的Ttelomere 端粒termination 终止terminator 终止子thrombin 凝血酶thromboplastin 促凝血酶原激酶thylakoid 类囊体thymine 胸腺嘧啶thymus 胸腺thyroid 甲状腺的,甲状腺thyroid-stimulating hormone 甲状腺刺激素thyroxine 甲状腺素tick 蜱tight junctions 紧密连接topography地形torsion 扭转toxicity 毒性toxin 毒素trace element 超微量元素tracer 示踪物tranposon 转座子trans-acting factor 反式作用因子transacetylase 转乙酰基酶transcript 转录物转录本transcription 转录transfer RNA 转移RNA transfer 传递,传输,变换transform 改变,转化transformation 转化trans Golji network,TGN 高尔基外侧网络translation 翻译,平移translocation 易位,转位,转运translocators 易位子transmission 传送,遗传transport by vesicles膜泡运输trigger 触发物,引发剂,触发triglyceride 甘油三酯tumor 肿瘤,瘤tumorigenicity 致瘤性Uultracentrifuge 超速离心机ultraviolet 紫外线Vvaccine 疫苗viruses 病毒WXYYAC酵母人工染色体Zzinc 锌zygote 合子,受精卵接种环 inoculatingloop灭菌器syringe filters保鲜膜cling film烧杯beaker容量瓶volumetricflask量筒graduatedcylinder漏斗funnel称量纸 weighing paper磁力搅拌器magneticstirring匀浆器 homogenixer摇床 shaker分光光度计spectrophotometer。
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词汇
释义
accumulation
积累
adenine
腺嘌呤
adequate
充分的
aeration
通气
aerobic respiration
有氧呼吸
alga (algae)
藻类
allele
等位基因
amino acid
氨基酸
Amphibia
excessive
过度的
excrement
粪便
excretion
排泄物
excretory
排泄的
exhaustion
极度疲劳
exponential
指数的
extinction
灭绝
facilitate
促进,推动
family
(分类学里的)科
fermentation
发酵
fern
蕨类植物
fertile
能生育的
fertilize
cultivate
种植
cytochrome C
细胞色素C
cytosine
胞嘧啶
decomposer
分解者
dehydration
脱水
detoxify
解(毒),清除
dicot
双子叶植物
digestive tract
消化道
disjunction
分离
diversity
多样性
dominant
显性的;显性性状
dorsal
(染色体)分配
atmospheric
大气的
autosomal
常染色体的
autotroph
自养生物
baldness
谢顶,秃头
bass
鲈鱼
bile
胆汁
biome
生物群落
blastula
囊胚
boreal taiga
寒带针叶林
brine
海水
cambrium
形成层
carbon dioxide
二氧化碳
catalyze
辐射状对称
recessive
隐性的
release
释放
reproductive
生殖的
Reptilia
爬行纲
respiration
呼吸
respirometer
呼吸计
ribosome
核糖体
rupture
破裂
salamander
火蜥蜴
saturation
饱和
scale
鳞
secrete
分泌
segregate
分离
磷酸化
photosynthesis
光合作用
phylum
(分类学里的)门
pine
松树
pituitary gland
脑下垂体
plasma membrane
细胞膜
Platyhelminthes
扁形动物门
pollinate
授粉
polypeptide
多肽
pond
池塘
population
群体
predation
捕食
吸入
interbreed
杂交
intestine
肠
ionization
电离
kidney
肾
kindom
界
lactase
乳糖酵素
lactic acid
乳酸
lactos
乳糖
layer
层
legume
豆科植物
lethal
致死的
likely
可能的
liver
肝
lizard
蜥蜴
lobster
龙虾
locomotion
移动,运动
连续
sucrose
蔗糖
sulfur dioxide
二氧化硫
suspension
悬浮液
synthesize
合成
temperate
温和的,温带的
terrestrial
陆生的
tertiary
第三级的
thymine
胸腺嘧啶
thyroid gland
甲状腺
trachea
气管
trait
性状
trample
踩
transpiration
细胞核
nutrient
营养物,营养的
oak
橡树
octopus
章鱼
offspring
后代
olfactory bulb
嗅球
ominivore
杂食动物
order
(分类学里的)目
organell
细胞器
oscillate
摆动,波动
ovum (ova)
卵子
oxidize
氧化
oxygen
氧
ozone
臭氧
paramecium
染色单体
chromosome
染色体
churn
搅拌
circulatory system
循环系统
class
纲
codominant
共显性
Coelenterata
腔肠动物门
community
群落
conditioning
条件反射
conjugation
接合
consumer
消费者
crayfish
螯虾
cross
杂交
变异
vascular
维管的
vertebrate
脊椎动物
violet
蓝紫色
whale
鲸鱼
xylem
木质部
zygote
合子,受精卵
sex-linked
性连锁的
shark
鲨鱼
soybean
大豆
speciation
物种的形成
species
物种
specimen
样品
sperm
精子
spermatogenesis
精子生成过程
spider
蜘蛛
Spongia
海绵动物门
starch
淀粉
stoma (stomata)
气孔,呼吸孔
succession
predominantly
大多,主要地
predominate
主要的
probability
概率
producer
生产者
progeny
后代
prokaryote
原核生物
proportion
比例
protist
单细胞生物
Protista
原生生物界
purify
净化
pyruvic acid
丙酮酸
radial symmetry
草履虫
parasite
寄生物
parthenogenesis
单性生殖
pasture
牧场
pepsin
胃蛋白酶
pepsinogen
胃蛋白酶原
peptide bond
肽键
peristalsis
蠕动
phagocytosis
呑噬
pheromone
外激素,信息素
phloem
韧皮部
phosphorus
磷
phosphorylation
背部的
earthworm
蚯蚓
ectoderm
外胚层
embryo
胚胎
endoderm
内胚层
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
内质网
enzyme
酶
epidermis
表皮
equilibrium
平衡
erosion
腐蚀
eutrophication
营养性生长过度,富营养化
evaporate
蒸发
受精,施肥
flavin
核黄素
fluctuate
变化,波动
fungus (fungi)
真菌
fusion
融合,聚变
galactose
半乳糖
gamete
配子
gastrula
原肠胚
genetic drift
遗传漂移
genetics
遗传学
genotype
基因型
genus
(分类学里的)属
geologic
地质的
glucose
共生的
nerve
神经
nervous
神经的,紧张的
neurotransmitter
神经递质
niche
地方,位置
nitrogen
氮
nitrogen fixation
固氮作用
nitrogenous base
含氮碱基(嘌呤,嘧啶等)
nuclear membrane
核膜
nucleotide
核苷酸
nucleus (nuclei)
两栖纲
anaerobic
厌氧的
angiosperm
被子植物
Annelida
环节动物门
apical meristem
顶端分生组织
appendage
附属物,附肢
aquatic
水生的
arctic tundra
北极苔原
arithmetical
算术的
Arthropoda