高三英语非谓语动词

第十讲非谓语动词：现在分词过去分词

一、热身训练：高考高频短语

1. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to____.

A．make it out B．make it off C．make it up D．make it over

2. If anybody calls，tell them I'm out，and ask them to ____ their name and address．

A．pass B．write C．take D．1eave

3.The three sisters decided to hold a family party to ____their parents’silver wedding．

A．celebrate B．memorize C．congratulate D．welcome

4．Joe Jones，the eldest of the eight children，had to ____out of high school at the age of 16 to help his father on the farm．

A．1eave B．drop C．fall D．go

5. Words．____ me when i wanted to express my thanks to him for having saved my son from the burning house．

A．failed B．1eft C．discouraged D．disappointed

6．’一He was in hospital for six months．He felt as if he was ____from the outside world．A．cut 0ut B．cut off C．cut up D．cut through

7. —How about eight o'clock outside the cinema? ---That ____ me fine．

A．fits B．meets C．satisfies D．suits

8. Happy birthday，Alice! So you have _____ twenty—one already!

A．become B．turned C．grown D．passed

9．They see you as something of a worrier，____ problems which don’t exist and crossing bridges long before you come to them．

A．settling B．discovering C．seeing D．designing--

10．一How do you _____ we go to Beijing for our holidays?

一I think we’d better fly there．It’s much more comfortable．

A．insist B．want C．suppose D．suggest

Grammar:非谓语动词（2）

现在分词及过去分词

讲解

一、形式

分词是动词的一种非限定形式。分为现在分词和过去分词。分词具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带宾语、状语。分词的否定形式是在分词前加not (not knowing ,not having received , not having been given )

现在分词：

主动形式被动形式

一般式doing being done

完成式having done having been done

过去分词只有一种形式

例如：Having hurried through his breakfast, he went to school. (现在分词完成式）

The man being interviewed is a scientist.

When asked such a strange question, he didn’t know howto answer .

Not knowing his number, I didn’t get in touch with him (否定式)

2 现在分词与过去分词的区别

现在分词与过去分词的区别主要表在语态和时间概念上。在语态上，现在分词（除被动式外）表示主动意思，过去分词表示被动意思。在时间上，现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词则表示动作的完成。

现在分词过去分词

比较: developing countries developed countries

boiling water boiled water

the rising sun the risen sun

the falling autumn leaves the fallen autumn leaves

有些过去分词只表示动作的完成，例如the risen sun the fallen autumn leaves a retired worker a escaped prisoner 有些过去分词只表示动作的被动，例如a man-made satellite guided missile (导弹)

二、功能

1．作表语

现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态，

如：The news was exciting./ The situation is encouraging.

She looked disappointed./ He appeared satisfied with my answer.

He seemed quite delighted at the idea./ Don’t get excited.

2．作定语：

①单独作定语，应放在被修饰的名词之前，如：

touching story / skilled worker /boiled water

a growing city = a city that is growing/ liberated areas = areas that have been liberated

②在更多情况下，可以用分词短语作定语，这时分词短语应放在被修饰的名词之后，在意义上也相当于一个定语从句，如：

Who is the man standing (= that is standing) by the door?

They are problems left (= which have been left) over by history.

③作定语的现在分词所表示的动作发生的时间有两种情况：

a. 表示正在进行的动作, (变为从句时要用进行时态), 如：

Tell the children playing there (who are playing there) not to make so much noise.

Did you see the man talking (who was talking) to the manager?

b. 表示经常性的动作, 或现在(或当时) 的状态, (变为从句时, 用一般时态), 如：

They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south.

The house standing (= that stands) at the corner of the street was built in 1955.

④过去分词作定语时，过去分词所表示的动作可以在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，也可以是没有一定的时间性，如：Is this the book recommended by our teacher?/ The meeting held last week is very important. 注①：如果所表示的动作现刻正在发生，或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，可以用现在分词的被动形式来表示，如：The meeting being held is very important./ We must keep a secret of the things being discussed