甲醇气相法制二甲醚精馏系统及尾气洗涤塔设计说明书

1.3 工艺技术的选择 ............................................................................9 1.4 本课题研究内容 ..........................................................................10 第 2 章 物料衡算 .................................................................................. 11 2.1 基础数据 ..................................................................................... 11 2.2 物料衡算 ......................................................................................12
1.1.1 DME 的物性 .......................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 DME 的应用 ........................................................................................... 2
关键词：二甲醚，甲醇，洗涤塔，工艺设计
I
安徽建筑工业学院本科生毕业设计
Abstract
Dimethyl ether （ DME ） ， which has many excellent physical and chemical properties for manufacturing pharmacy，dye，pesticide and refrigerant and so on，is widely used as raw materials。 As a novel clean fuel， DME has a very promising future for developments。So，it is magnificent to study on the process of producing DME 。 Based on the literature summarize ， the paper chooses methanol gas phase dehydration to make DME， and the product is called thick DME。 Separation of DME is a separation of three components of the multi-component. Therefore, this design uses two simple distillation column, one of DME and one of methanol recovery. In order to process raw materials savings as much as possible, so the material in the methanol recovery system, and then the isolated methanol gasification gasified methanol, re-applied to the production process, so that process to rationalize. In the DME distillation system produces non-condensable gases，if the exhaust handled properly，will not only waste resources but also on the external environment have a certain impact。Therefore, this paper based on the DME distillation column washing their absorption of tail gas produced in order to take full advantage of one of the dimethyl ether。In this paper，DME whole process tail gas scrubbing system was material balance，and dimethyl ether were scrubbing tower design calculation process。
3.5 洗涤塔工艺尺寸的计算 ..............................................................29
第 3 章 二甲醚尾气洗涤塔设计 ..........................................................17 3.1 设计方案的确定 ..........................................................................17 3.2 基础物性数据 ..............................................................................18 3.3 洗涤塔的工艺尺寸计算 ..............................................................20
III
安徽建筑工业学院本科生毕业设计
3.4.2 填料压紧装置...................................................................................... 26 3.4.3 液体分布装置....................................................................................... 26 3.4.4 液体收集及再分布装置....................................................................... 28 3.4.5 除沫装置.............................................................................................. 28
3.4 填料塔内件的类型与设计 .........................................................25
3.4.1 填料支承装置...................................................................................... 25
Abstract ...................................................................................................... II 第 1 章 文献综述 ....................................................................................1 1.1 前言.................................................................................................1
3.3.1 塔径的计算.......................................................................................... 20 3.3.2 填料层高度的计算.............................................................................. 23 3.3.3 填料层压降的计算.............................................................................. 25
2.1.1 反应器物料衡算................................................................................... 12 2.1.2 二甲醚精馏塔....................................................................................... 13 2.1.3 甲醇精馏塔........................................................................................... 14 2.1.4 尾气吸收塔........................................................................................... 15
16 万吨/年二甲醚精馏系统及尾气洗涤塔设计
摘
要
二甲醚（DME）具有一系列优良的物化性质，可以用于制药、染料和制冷 5 剂等，此外，二甲醚作为一种新型的清洁能源，市场前景非常乐观。所以对二甲 醚生产工艺的研究非常有意义。 本文在文献资料的基础上选用甲醇气相脱水法制取二甲醚，所得产品为粗二 甲醚。二甲醚的分离是一个三组分的分离，所以本设计采用两个简单精馏塔，即 一个二甲醚塔和一个甲醇回收塔来将三种物质分离。 为使工艺中尽可能的节约原 料，所以将物系中的甲醇进行回收，继而将分离得到的甲醇气化得到气化甲醇， 重新应用到生产流程中，使工艺流程更加合理化。 在二甲醚精馏系统中会产生不凝性的气体，如果这些尾气处理不当，不仅会 浪费资源，也会对外界环境产生一定的影响。故本文在二甲醚精馏塔的基础上对 其产生的尾气进行洗涤吸收，以充分利用其中的二甲醚。文中对二甲醚精馏系统 全流程进行了物料衡算，并对二甲醚的尾气洗涤塔进行了工艺设计计算。
Keywords: Dimethyl ether，Methanol，Scrubbing tower，Process design
II
16 万吨/年二甲醚精馏系统及尾气洗涤塔设计
目
摘
录
要....................................................................................................... I
1.2 DME 生产技术及技术比较 ..........................................................4
1.2.1 生产技术................................................................................................ 4 1.2.2 技术比较.........................................................................................Leabharlann Baidu....... 8