2018年高考英语专题三 阅读理解 第三步 题型突破(八) Word版含答案

题型突破(八)主旨大意之标题归纳题A(2017·盐城南洋中学月考)I am a strong believer that if a child is raised with approval，he willlearn to love himself and will be successful in his own way.Several weeks ago，I was doing homework with my son in the thirdgrade and he kept standing up from his chair to go over the math lines.I kept asking him to sit down，telling him that he should concentrate better.He sat but seconds later，as if he didn’t even notice he was doing it，he got up again.I was getting frustrated，but then it hit me.I started noticing his answers were much quicker and accurate when he stood up.Could he be more intent while standing up?This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe.I was raised to believe that a quiet，calm child was a sure way to success.This child would have the discipline to study hard，get good grades and become someone important in life.Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality traits，and all you can do is loving and accepting them.As parents，throughout their growing years and beyond that，we need to be our kids’ best cheerleaders，guiding them and helping them find their way.I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate.Obviously，he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine.We need to learn to accept our kids’ ways of doing things.Some way may have worked for me but doesn’t mean we need to carry it through generations.There is nothing sweeter than being individual and unique.It makes us free and happy and that’s just the way I want my kids to live their own life.1．At the beginning，the author tried to keep his son seated in order to make him . A．pay more attention to his studyB．keep silent in the roomC．finish his homework on timeD．get right answers答案 A解析细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“I kept asking him to sit down，telling him that he should concentrate better.”可知，作者让他儿子坐下来是想让他更专心地学习。

故选A。

2．Inspired by the case of his son，the author began to doubt .A．the importance of parentsB．the old form of educationC．the relationship between kids and their parentsD．the good grades of some kids答案 B解析细节理解题。

根据第三段尤其是第一句“This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe.”可知，作者开始怀疑传统的教育方式是否正确。

故选B。

3．According to the passage，which of the following statements is RIGHT?A．We should help kids correct their wrong ways.B．Parents should study their kids’ DNA.C．Kids should be taught to behave themselves.D．Parents should love and accept their kids.答案 D解析细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“...and all you can do is loving and accepting them.”可知，父母应该关爱并接受他们的孩子。

故选D。

4．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?A．Study Hard and You’ll Be SuccessfulB．Be Friendly to Your ChildrenC．Children’s Success in Their Own StyleD．Parents’ Help with Their Children’s Study答案 C解析标题归纳题。

文章第一段开门见山地提出了本文的主题，如果孩子得到了认同，就能学会自爱并用自己的方式取得成功，所以C项最能概括文章大意。

B(2016·盐城三模)For 150 million years during the age of the dinosaurs，a group of dolphin-like reptiles called ichthyosaurs ruled the ocean—until everything started to go wrong.After multiplying into about 100 known species，ichthyosaurs began to disappear from the oceans around the middle of the Cretaceous period，a time of turbulent changes in the environment.The aquatic reptiles went extinct 28 million years before the rest of their dinosaur cohort.Scientists have been unable to find a singular cataclysmic event，such as a volcanic eruption or meteorite strike，which could explain ichthyosaurs’abrupt disappearance from the fossil record.Now researchers have new explanation for the lizard fish’s demise：They had lost their ability to adapt to a swiftly changing climate.The aquatic lizards thrived throughout the early years of the dinosaurs in the Permian，Triassic and Jurassic periods.Then came the Cretaceous period.That was a turbulent(动荡不安的)time to live on Earth.The poles were nearly ice-free，causing sea levels to reach great heights.Temperatures were among the hottest the planet has seen in the last 250 million years.Scientists have blamed the demise of the ichthyosaurs on their inability to keep up with other predators or the loss of key prey species.But a new study by Valentin Fischer，a paleontologist who studies ichthyosaurs at the University of Liege in Belgium，and his colleagues says neither of these explanations could account for the scale and speed of theWriting in the journal Nature Communications，Fischer and his colleagues argue that the unstable climate contributed to the disappearance of ichthyosaurs during a 5-million to 6-million-year window in the Cretaceous known as the Cenomanian stage.“While the rising temperatures and the higher sea didn’t had a direct effect on the ichthyosaurs，they could have played an indirect role in their decline，”Fischer said.“The changing climate could have made their food more scarce，or disrupted migratory routes and birthing places，among other consequences.”Despite their variety of body shapes and survival strategies，ichthyosaurs were unable to keep up with all of these changes，the study authors wrote.They reached this conclusion by comparing the geological record of the Cretaceous to a newly reconstructed history of ichthyosaur evolution based on museum specimens and a review of information in previously published studies.What became clear was that the ichthyosaurs extinction coincided with global climate shifts and the animals’ slower rate of evolution，which left them unable to adapt as their environment changed，the study found.“They were probably very well adapted to their niches，and their environments were probably pretty stable，” Fischer said.“That could have lowered the pressure of natural selection and thus lowered their rates of evolution.”Think of the Cenomanian stage as a transition period.5．The underlined word “That” in Paragraph 6 refers to the period of . A．Permian B．TriassicC．Jurassic D．Cretaceous答案 D解析代词指代题。