英语专业大三下学期翻译课期末考复习重点

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大学英语笔译知识点总结

大学英语笔译知识点总结一、英汉互译中的困难及解决方法1、语法结构的差异英汉语法结构有相当的不同之处。

在英语中，形容词和副词通常放在名词和动词之前，而在汉语中，一般由形容词和副词放在名词和动词之后。

此外，在英语中定语从句和状语从句通常出现在句子的末尾，而汉语中则通常出现在句子的前面。

要解决这一问题，译者需要对英语和汉语的语法结构有深入的了解，并在翻译时进行灵活运用，确保句子通顺、符合习惯表达的方式。

2、词汇的差异英语和汉语词汇的差异主要表现在词义、词性以及搭配上。

在翻译时，译者需要充分了解英语和汉语词汇的特点和用法，并在翻译时进行合理的转换和调整。

需要注意的是，有些英语词汇在汉语中没有直接对应的词，译者需要结合上下文和情境来进行合适的译文转换。

3、句式结构的差异英语和汉语在句式结构上也存在一定的差异。

在英语中，一般采用主谓宾的句式结构，而在汉语中则采用主谓宾或主谓双宾的结构。

在翻译时，译者需要根据原文的句式结构和语义意义进行合理的转换和调整，确保译文能够准确传达原文的信息。

二、英语笔译中的常用技巧1、逐词逐句翻译逐词逐句翻译是英语笔译中常用的一种技巧。

它要求译者尽量忠实地将原文的词语和句子逐词逐句地翻译成目标语言。

这种技巧适用于对原文内容理解透彻、熟悉目标语言表达方式、能够保持句子流畅性的情况下，能够有效地保持原文的语言风格和内容特点。

2、意译意译是英语笔译中常用的一种技巧。

它是指译者在翻译时，根据原文的含义和情感色彩，采用适当的语言表达方式，将原文的意义传达到目标语言中。

这种技巧适用于原文与目标语言在语言结构、语境和习惯表达方式上存在较大差异的情况下，能够有效传达原文的信息和意思。

3、借位翻译借位翻译是英语笔译中常用的一种技巧。

它是指译者在翻译时，根据原文的内容和情境，选择适当的词语和表达方式，灵活运用目标语言的表达方式，将原文的意义传达到目标语言中。

借位翻译适用于原文与目标语言在语言结构、文化背景、表达方式上存在较大差异的情况下，能够有效传达原文的信息和意思。

大学英语大三下高英重点课文中文翻译

4.迪士尼世界：后现代的乌托邦城市迪斯尼世界的本质是什么？这个答案多半体现在迪斯尼为游客创造幻觉的努力上，这一幻觉使游客觉得自己进入了一个更符合他们渴望的完美世界。

迪斯尼世界用各种各样的方式创造了这个完美世界。

例如，它鼓励游客以一个孩子的眼光去看待这个乐园，并把自己定义为一个“给生活带来梦想”的地方。

然而最根本的却是，它只是创造了一个完美世界的虚构版本。

在这个世界，迪斯尼引导游客逃脱来自现实生活中的束缚；在这个世界，游客不再受时间，距离，体积和现实法则的约束。

在五花八门的游乐区中，游客似乎脱离了人体以及人体的遗传基因；他们穿梭于过去与未来中，离开了地球。

在惊险的游乐项目中，他们不遵循万有引力定律，以一种不符常理的速度和方式移动着。

迪斯尼世界还怂恿游客逃避社会和自我的堕落状态。

它创造了美国资本主义制度和政治历史的理想化幻象；它把游客拖入到永久庆典的世界中----一个满是游行队伍、焰火，盛装的表演者以及无尽的享乐诱惑的世界。

游客仿佛加入了一个永无止境的假期中，生活中的负面情绪也都被抛之脑后。

显然，当你把所有这些都联系在一起，就可了解到，迪斯尼世界只是帮助游客以一种虚构的方式实现人类最大的梦想：超越。

在迪斯尼世界，我们超越了平凡。

它取代了我们自己所在的世界----在现实世界，多数机遇与我们擦肩而过，多数人隐藏自己的动机；而在迪斯尼，我们游历在象征世界：这个世界客观、具体，却似乎没有压力、无忧无虑，异常精彩，正如幻想一般。

就是这样，迪斯尼摆脱了当代社会枯燥的“科学主义”世界观。

德国社会学家马克思韦伯曾经说过，在当今社会，随着科学地位的上升和宗教影响的减弱，我们正在见证世界的觉醒。

仿真文化的产物，例如迪斯尼世界，似乎正在随着一种新的承诺而重获魅力：利用太空飞行，外星人，时光穿梭和失落世界的各种神话，艺术和科技可以将我们的世界创造成最新版的当代爱情故事。

但迪斯尼世界并不只提供客观化幻象。

借助仿真的力量，它也向我们展示了，科技是如何赋予我们不受世界控制的力量和自由的。

新视野大学英语3翻译教程期末复习总结

新视野大学英语3翻译教程期末复习总结
本文档旨在针对新视野大学英语3翻译教程进行期末复总结。

以下是一些重要的复要点：
1. 词汇复
- 复和记忆教材中出现的重要词汇和短语。

- 尝试使用这些词汇和短语构建句子，并思考它们在不同语境中的用法。

2. 句子翻译练
- 针对教材中的例句，尝试理解并翻译这些句子。

- 注重句子结构和语法规则的应用。

3. 文章翻译训练
- 阅读一些英语文章，并尝试将其翻译成中文。

- 关注文章的整体结构、段落之间的连接以及主题句和支持句
的运用。

4. 短文翻译练
- 练将一些短文翻译成中文，注重准确传达原文的意思和信息。

5. 多媒体资源利用
- 利用网络资源、教学视频或录音等多媒体资源来提高听力和
口语能力。

- 尝试听写、模仿和朗读英语材料，提升发音和语感。

6. 与他人合作研究
- 与同学或老师一起进行翻译练和讨论，互相纠正语言错误和
提供反馈。

- 利用互助研究的方式，相互激励和鼓励。

7. 注意复策略
- 制定复计划，合理安排时间和内容，确保全面复。

- 将重点放在理解和应用上，而不仅仅是死记硬背。

- 多做练题，检验自己的理解和掌握程度。

这些是新视野大学英语3翻译教程期末复习的一些要点和策略。

希望能够帮助你进行有针对性的复习，并取得好成绩。

加油！。

英语专业期末考试翻译试题(2),汉译英

翻译下列词语。

（1）雪中送炭help a lame dog over a stile（2）好好先生yes-man(3)一寸光阴一寸金an inch of time is an inch of gold(4)西部大开发western development(5)破产have/wear a green bonnet二．.翻译下列句子。

（1）幽默是智慧、学识、机敏的结晶，幽默在我们社会、家庭、工作、学习、生活中不可或缺。

Humor is the crystallization of wit, knowledge, and resourcefulness. It is also indispensable to our work, study ,family ,society ,and life in general.(2) 她使我知道人间的温暖;她使我知道爱与被爱的幸福。

It was to her that I owed my awareness of the fact that there is warmth in the world—that to show love is no less happiness than to be loved.(3)中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。

（邓小平）China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words.(4) 月光如水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。

薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里，叶子和华仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样；又像笼着轻纱的梦。

Moonlight cascaded like water over the locus leaves and flowers, and a light blue mist floating up from the pool made them seem washed in milk or caught in a gauzy dream.(5)专家们认为，这种流行病不是由空气污染，就是由食物污染所引起。

大三下高英期末考重点山西财经大学李霞

单词填空30*1单词填空30*1Might n. 强大力量 mighty adj.强而有力的，巨大的mightily adv. 很，非常，极其努力的，全力以赴的Conceive想出conceivable a. 可想象的自信的 conceit n. 自负conceited a. 自负的Dismiss v. 不予考虑，去除消除，开除免职，离开，驳回 dismissal n.解除开除驳回不予理会dissmisive a. 轻蔑的Destroy v. distroyer n. distruction n.破坏 destructive a.毁灭性的Politics n. polity n. politicly adv. 精明地politicking n. 政治活动Animate v.使具有活力使生机勃勃animated a. 兴奋的活跃的animation n.生气活力富有生命力animatedly adv.热烈的inanimate v. 无生命Distinguished a. 卓越的杰出的distinguish v. 区别distinguishing a.有区别的（un）distinguishable （不）可区别的Deliver v. 传送；发表；履行诺言；生孩子；投掷；解救delivery n.传送；交付；递送；难产deliverance n.解脱Composed a.镇静的compose v.组成构成使平静创作decompose v.分解decomposed a. 已腐烂的Cow n.奶牛v.威胁恐吓 co wer v.畏缩Dominate v.支配分解；俯视高耸于；占有优势domination n. 政治上的统治predominate 支配；主宰；占优势predominance n. 优势Resolve解决决定resolved a.下定决心的resolution n. 决议，解决，决心resolute a.坚决的Style * styleless a.少风格 stylelessness n.风格时尚 styler n.时装设计师Class classic a.经典的，优秀的 classfy v.分类 classified a.机密的 classification n.分类 classifiable a.可分类的home homelike a,舒适的自在的mercy merciless 残忍的extend v.扩展扩大extendability n.扩展性extendable a.可延长的可伸展的ex t en dibility n.数可扩展性 extendible a.可伸长的ear long-eared a. 愚蠢的固执的 earless a.无穗的，听觉不好的earnest a.认真的cook cooks the book, cook sth up,be cooking with gas,cook someone's goosematch 比较，较量，敌手unmatchable=matchless 无敌的matching 可匹配的match-box 火柴盒ancestor ancesty n.祖宗 ancestrala.祖先的legend n. 传说legendary a.非常著名的profuse a.丰富的慷慨的浪费的 profusely adv.丰富的 profuseness n.挥霍丰富profusion n. 丰富充沛慷慨profess v.声称，宣城表明，信奉professed a.公开表明的 profession n.行业 professional a.专业的compensate v.补偿 compensation n.补偿compensative a.补充的偿还的 compensator n.补偿物compensating n.补偿修正抵消 compensative a.补充的external a.外部的externals n. 外控者外表externalize v. 表达表露externally adv. 外部地外型上地 internal a.内部的technique技巧technology n.科技simple *a. 简单的simpler，simplest ,simpleness n.简单单纯simplify v.使简化simplicity n. 简单性simply adv. 仅仅只是，确实简直，简朴地drama n.戏剧，激动兴奋dramatic a. 突然的激动人心的夸张的distort v.使扭曲歪曲distortion n.变形失真扭曲droop v.下垂低垂droopy a.耸拉的teach taughtchronical a.慢性的糟透的拙劣的chronically adv. 满星地chronicity n.慢性长期性essential n.本质要素必需品a.必不可少的基本的essentials n.法要件概要必需品s essentiality n. 重要性根本性essentialness n.要素要点compare v.对比比较类似comparison n.比较对比minister n.部长大臣牧师ministership n.部长 min i stering a. 关心的体贴的ministrations n. 照顾看护expedite v.加速expediter n.稽查员expedition n.远征探险队迅速pervade v.渗透弥漫遍布pervasive a.遍布的 pervasion n.普及流行蔓延扩散moralize v. 教化说教moralization n.道德说教教化 moralizer n.说教者 morale n.士气 morality n.道德品行 moralistic a. 说教的注意道德的道学的enlist v.入伍赞助争取enlister n.征兵者 enlistment n.登记应征入伍回答问题4*5 A＞B4.The narrator describes Dee in both positive and negative ways. What positive qualities do you see in Dee? What are her negative qualities?Dee was well-educated, she knew what was the fashionable way of dressing, speaking, acting. She liked the nice thing as well as the new life.She always had a firm control of her life and she was determined to face difficulties and defeat difficulties with her effort. On the other hand, she was arrogant, hard hearted and selfish.5.Maggie seems to be homely, shy, and a bit slow. Do you see any good qualities in her that her sister Dee doesn’t have？Illustrate your point with example.Kind-hearted : ask two quilts, she can have themgood- tempered, happy in traditional lifestyle. Help mama do house work. diligent, remember her ancestor’s name and history.8.What does the story title everyday use mean? What does this reveal about the author’s view on cultural heritage? What does the subtitle “for your grandmama” mean?Objects used in the family. It reveals that cultural heritage is nothing that stood in the past but something that can be connected to things of the everyday use. XX To dedicate the story to all American grandmother, the bearers of their heritage.4.What remark did reverend wright make that compelled obama to condemn them? What was the fundamental mistake made by reverend wright? How is obama’s condemnation related to the title of his address “a more perfect union”?He used incendiary language to express views that have the potential not onlyto widen the racial divide,but views that denigrate both the greatness and the goodness of the American nation. the statements of Reverend Wright have caused such controversy and in some cases pain. Obama’s condemnation appealed to the American people to unite together for a more perfect union.8.×Is race an essential issue in the election in obama’s opinion? Why? Essential,. Because it is found to be complex and one of those which make the union not perfect.9.×How are so many of the disparities that exist in the African-American community today related to the past of slavery and Jim Crow?6A:Into what three categories does author classify environmental threats? As problem like acid rain and large oil spill strategic according to the author? Why or why not?…..Local regional strategic….. Not strategic but fundamentally regional because the operation of the global environment is not affected and the survival of civilization is not at stake.7A:What causes global warming? Why is it considered a strategic threat?Carbon dioxide with its ability to trap more heat in the atmosphere causes global warming. It is considered a strategic threat because it poses a worldwide threat to the earth’s ability to regulate the amount of heart from the sun retained in the atmosphere.9A:What are the two key factors that define the physical reality of our relationship to the earth? How do you think in population explosion is related to environmental problems?….Human population and the scientific and technological revolution. The population explosion is related to environmental problems,because more pollution is created as more use advanced technologies to change physical matter of the earthby burning , cutting, digging, moving.2.×How does the author describe Churchill and Roosevelt’s appearances? What striking features does he present of the two great men?Comparison shaking hands. Pickwick3×.How did Henry compare and contrast American Admiral King’s flagship and Churchill’s battleship?What does the contrast show?Antonyms spick and span, storm whipped different situation5.How does the narrator compare the two leaders?What did Hopkins mean by “the changing of the guard”?Different appearance,movements. X meant that a transfer of power from London to Washington was taking place. Britain not one. Us take over this position翻译课文原句汉译英5*6L9221年前，一群人聚集在至今屹立在这条街上的市政厅里，用上述这样简洁的语言，发起了美利坚不可思议的民主实验。

大学本科英语专业大三英语翻译作业4

Written Assignments for 1301080 (4)Name Student’s Number Score1. Caution is an admirable quality for a man in your position but, based on what I have seen of your character and your ability in the past year, I would say your future in this community is assured.对于处于您这种地位的人来说，小心谨慎是令人钦佩的品质。

但是，就我个人过去这一年对您的人品和能力的观察，我敢说，您在该社区的未来是十拿九稳的。

2. As we stood in the station waving until your train disappeared in the direction of New Orleans, Sam suddenly took me in his arms and announced we were leaving on a honey-moon of our own at the end of the week.在我们站在车站的月台目送你们乘坐的列车消失在新奥尔良方向的时刻，萨姆突然把我搂在怀里，郑重宣布本周末我们也打算去度我们的蜜月。

3. She told me she and Henry made a vow in September when they parted ---- to renounce the limited earthly love and consecrate the lives to art.她告诉我九月份和亨利分道扬镳之际，发誓将放弃有限的世俗之爱而把生命献给艺术事业。

4. They had corresponded faithfully all year, each encouraging the other’s single-minded pursuit of his chosen art form, but it came as quite a shock to Eleanor, who has studied sculpture with the solitary devotion of a nun, to find that Henry composes his poetry in the company of a young man who shares his flat.他们长年忠实通信，相互鼓励对方要一心一意追求自己选择的艺术形式。

英语期末翻译技巧总结

英语期末翻译技巧总结Introduction:Translation is a complex and artful process that involves conveying the meaning and nuances of one language into another. While there is no one-size-fits-all approach to translation, certain key techniques can greatly improve the quality and accuracy of the translated text. This comprehensive summary examines some of the most crucial translation techniques that can be employed to create high-quality translations.1. Understanding the Source Text:Translation begins with a thorough understanding of the source text. It is essential to analyze the content, style, and purpose of the original text. Familiarity with the culture and context of the source language helps the translator capture the intended meaning accurately.2. Translating for Meaning rather than Word-for-Word:Translating word-for-word often results in awkward, unnatural translations. Instead, translators should focus on conveying the meaning and intent of the source text in a way that is appropriate and natural in the target language.3. Maintaining Language Register:The appropriate language register should be maintained to ensure that the translation fits the intended audience and purpose. This involves adapting the style, tone, and formality of the language used to suit the target context, such as formal or informal writing.4. Adapting Cultural References:Cultural references are often embedded within the source text, making it important for translators to adapt them appropriately for the target culture. This includes idiomatic expressions, proverbs, and metaphors that may differ across languages.5. Rendering Idiomatic Expressions:Idiomatic expressions can pose unique challenges in translation. Translators must determine the equivalent idiomatic expression in the target language or find an alternative way to maintain the intended meaning without sounding stilted.6. Conveying Nuances:Languages often have words or phrases that carry nuanced meanings not directly translatable into other languages. Translators must be mindful of these nuances and find suitable equivalents to convey the intended meaning accurately.7. Maintaining Structural Equivalence:The structure of a sentence or paragraph in one language may differ from another. Translators should aim to maintain structural equivalence between the source and target languages as much as possible while ensuring grammatical correctness.8. Using Translator's Notes:Translator's notes can be included to explain cultural references, specific terms, or concepts that may not have a direct equivalent in the target language. This ensures clarity and helps the reader fully understand the intended meaning.9. Using Glossaries or Translation Memories:Glossaries or translation memories can be valuable resources in ensuring consistency and accuracy in translation. Maintaining a record of previously translated terms, phrases, or sentences can help maintain consistency, especially in long and complex documents.10. Continuous Learning and Professional Development:Translation is a skill that requires constant learning and professional development. Translators should stay updated with advancements in language, technology, and industry-specific terminology to improve their knowledge and translation skills.Conclusion:Translation is a multidimensional task that requires a comprehensive understanding of both the source and target languages, cultures, and contexts. The effective use of translation techniques, such as focusing on meaning, adapting cultural references, and maintaining language register, can greatly enhance the quality of translated texts. However, it is important to remember that translation is also an art form that incorporates creativity and linguistic expertise to ensure accurate and culturally appropriate communication. Continuous learning and honing of translation skills are vital to excel in this profession.。

大学英语3期末复习提纲知识点复习考点归纳总结

⼤学英语3期末复习提纲知识点复习考点归纳总结说明：本课程期末复习内容包括两部分:教材Unit 6，Unit 12，Unit 18三个复习单1.元；2.⼤学英语(3)期末复习提纲（如下）根据学校要求，本学期⼤学英语（3）的期末考试为机考，各分校按教务和考务要求在规定时间内考试。

考试安排在18周进⾏，考试时长为90分钟。

⼤学英语3期末复习提纲⼀、交际⽤语1. －Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest supermarket?－_______________ D.A. It’s not very far from hereB. The supermarket is very largeC. The goods there are very expensiveD. Sorry, sir. I’m a stranger here myself.2．—I have an appointment with Dr. Johnson. C— ____________________.A. The appointment is put offB. You look sick and weakC. Please wait for minute. He is busy nowD. Tell me your ID number3．— Afternoon, sir. Where to? A— ___________________.A. Please get me to the airportB. please pick me up next timeC. I’ve been to the airportD. The plane will take off in an hour4．— Can I help you to get it down? C — .A. No problemB. Yes. Let’s get itC. Thanks. It’s so nice of youD. It’s no trouble at all5．—I’m trying to call Marie, but there’s no answer. DB. Here is a message for herC. I’m really sorry about itD. Really? Maybe she’s out6．— Are you sure about that? D — .A. You needn’t worry about thatB. I like the idea.C. Oh, no. I’m afraid of thatD. Oh, yes. I’m absolutely positive 7．— Would you like to see the menu?— . A A. No, thanks. I already know what to orderB.Your menu is very clear C. I hear the foodhere is tasty D. The setting is verycomfortable8．—What if my computer doesn’t work?— . BA. I’m not good at computerB. AskAnne for help C. I’ve called the repairshop D.There must be something wrong9．—How’s the movi e? Interesting? C— .A. It was shown late until midnightB. Itwas starred by a few famous people C.Far from. I should have stayed home watchingTV D. I was seated far away in the corner10．— Is this the motel you mentioned?— . BA. It looks comfortableB. Yes, it’s asquiet as we expected C. You’re soconsiderate D. No, the price’s reasonable11. —Hello, Sally. How’s everything?— . DC.That’s right D. Just so-so12. —Excuse me, would you lend me your calculator? A— .A. Certainly. Here you areB. Please don’tmention it C. It’s nothing D. Yes, I have a hand13. —I don’t like the spo rts programs on Sundays.— . BA. So do IB. Neither do IC. So amI D. Neither am I14. —What’s the problem, Harry? D — .A. No problemB. No trouble at allC.Thank you for asking me about it D. I can’t remember where I left my glasses 15. －Will you go on a picnic with us tomorrow?－_______________.A. Yes, but I’ll have English classesB.Sorry, I have an appointment with Dr. BrownC. I’m afraid I have no ideaD. Neither amI16 －Would you like to have dinner with usA. I don’t knowB. Sorry, but this evening Ihave to go to the airport to meet my parentsC. No, I can’t17. — May I help you, madam? D— ______________.A. Sorry, I have no ideaB. Yes, I know whatto buy C. You’d better give me a hand D. Yes, I’d like 2 kilos of oranges18. －May I know your address? A－_______________.A. Sure. Here you areB. I have no ideaC. It’s far from here19．－Can you turn down the radio, please? A－_________________.A. I’m sorry, I didn’t realize it was that loudB. Please forgive meC. I’ll keep it downnext time20. —What about going for a walk? A—_______________.A. Why not? A good ideaB. That’s all rightC. So, do ID. Walking is good to you21. —Nice weather, isn’t it? C— .A. I’m not sureB. You know it wellC.for a better view? D— .A. That’s fine, thank youB. Yes, please.C. Take a seatD. Of course not23.－Hello, may I talk to the headmaster now?C－_________________.A. Sorry, you can’tB. No, you can’tC. sorry, he is busy at the moment24．－Oh, sorry to bother you. C－_________________.A. Oh, I don’t knowB. No, you can’tC. That’s okay⼆、词汇与结构1. --- What’s happened to Tom? D---__________to hospital.A. He’s takenB. He’ll be takenC. He’ll takeD. He’s been taken2. ---Which do you like better, real movies _______ cartoons? D --- I prefer cartoons ______ real movies.A. and, thanB. or, thanC. and, andD. or, to3. What a fool I have been! Why ______I think of that before? BA. don’tB. didn’t4. We must make a difference between ______ language and ______language. AA. spoken, writtenB. speaking, writtenC. speaking, writingD. speak, write5. We _____ A _____ every day when we were children.A. used to swimB. used to swimmingC. use to swimD. use to swimming6. You must explain ______how they succeeded ________ the experiment. CA. of us, forB. at us, atC. to us, inD. for us, to7. You look _______. What ______ you ________? DA. tire, did…doB. tiring, have…doneC. tired, do…doD. tired, have…been doing8. Of all the stories here, I like this one ________.I t’s not interesting at all. DA. mostB. bestC. worstD. least9. Before she left on the trip, she __________ hard. DA. trainedB. has trainedC. would trainedD. had trained10. He keeps _________ at himself in the mirror. BA. to lookD. looked11. The sun heats the earth, _________ is very important to living things. CA. thatB. whatC. whichD. where12. If the man ________ succeed, he must work as hard as he can. BA. willB. is toC. is going toD. should13. Ancient Greece is the _________ of western civilization. AA. originB. sourceC. placeD. sources14. Please stop __________. It cannot help the situation. B A. to shout B. shouting C. to speak D. speaking15. The big man has always been eating onthe go, _______ he has got stomachache.AA. soB. howeverC. asD. because16. Let me ___________ the case carefullybefore I draw a conclusion. BA. look upB. look intoC. lookafter D. look out17. He, as well as I, __________ a student. DA. be18. She _______ her success to hard word and strong will. CA. ownsB. givesC. owesD. regards19. Mr. Smith ________ a most important partin the development of our city. CA. tookB. hadC. playedD. made20. I’d rather stay at home than ________ a walk. CA. takingB. to takeC. takeD. to be taking21. Mother was busy. Although she was not watching the basketball on TV, she ____ A__ it on the radio.A. was listening toB. was hearingC. waslistening D. was seeing22. Hardly ____ A _____ home when it began to rain.A. had I gotB. I had gotC. had Iarrived in D. I had arrived at23. I prefer classic music _____ D _____ popC. withD. to24. All the team members tried their best. We lost the game, _________. AA. howeverB. thereforeC. sinceD. as25. When we were having a meeting, the director _________ the bad news by telephone. BA. was tellingB. was toldC. couldtell D. would tell26. Silk __________ by Chinese for thousands of years now. BA. has usedB. has been usedC. wasused D. is used27. You ___ B ____ to lock the door at night.A. shouldB. oughtC. musD. shall28. Before I got to the cinema, the film _____ A ____.A. had begunB. has begunC. isbegun D. was beginningA. advicesB. adviceC. adviseD. advises30. A lecture hall is _________ where students attend lectures. CA. thereB. whichC. oneD. that31. Don’t worry, your watch _________ and you can have it in no time. DA. is repairedB. has been repairedC.was repaired D. is being repaired32. The definition leaves ______ for disagreement. BA. a small roomB. much roomC. greatdeal room D. not so big a room33. Not always _____ B ____ they want (to).A. people can do whatB. can people dowhat C. people cannot do what D. can’t people do what34. Sadam ________ for 25 years. BA. got marriedB. was marriedC.married D. were married35. I don’t want you to make any trouble,B. consequentlyC. on thecontrary D. just as36. Why ________ the old block of flats_________ demolished next month? BA. are…beingB. is…beingC.has…been D. have…been37. In the fifties last century many new cities________ in the desert. CA. bring upB. make upC. grewup D. build up38. More and more people in China now__________ to work regularly. AA. driveB. drivesC. droveD. have driven39. At present, the most important thing isthat Britain needs _____ more to improvethe relationship with the USA. AA. to doB. doingC. to be doneD. do40. That’s all settled. It __D __ talked about.A. shouldn’tB. mustn’t beC.can’t D. needn’t be41. After ______ the shopping list, I found that I forgot to buy salt. CA. examining42. Ann is studying ______ at university. BA. politicB. politicsC. politicianD. political43. After __________the bid, major construction began in Beijing. CA. winB. winingC. winningD. won44. Be sure to ______ your wife when you come here this evening. AA. bringB. takeC. getD. carry45. ---Can I get you a cup of tea? A---_________________________.A. That’s very nice of youB. With pleasureC. You can, pleaseD. Thank you for the tea46. Don’t worry. There is ______ room for all your books here. CA. moreB. muchC. enoughD. some47. ________fine weather it is! AA. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a48. __________ for the Olympic Games begin about ten years in advance. CD. To be bidden49. Everything ____________ if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade. DA. will be destroyedB. will have been destroyedC. would be destroyedD. would have been destroyed50. Her parents died when she was veryyoung, so she was ______by her aunt. AA. brought upB. brought outC. grown upD. grown51. ________ he said is quite right. BA. ThatB. WhatC. HowD. Why52. He kept the light in his room _______ the whole night. BA. burntB. burningC. burnD. to burn53. He was _________ about his new job. AA. over the moonB. on the moonC. off the moonD. above the moon54. He has been _______ in hospital for a month. B A.danger B.in danger C. dangerous D.a danger55. He spends a quarter of the day___________. BA. to sleepD.to sleeping56. It happened ________ a winter night. DA. atB. inC. byD. on57. If you _____ stop smoking, you can only expect to have a bad cough. CA. won’tB.wouldn’tC. don’tD. can’t58. It’s not safe ______ in the street. CA. to playB. play C playing D. plays59. ______ it with me an d I’ll see what I can do. DA. When leftB. LeavingC. If youleave D. Leave60. I don’t suppose he will attend the meeting, ______? BA. won’t heB. will heC. do ID.don’t I61. I think all these are main points _______ much attention. BA. being worthy ofC. which worthD. which worthy of62. They ______ the train until it disappeared in the distance. BA. sawB. watchedC. noticedD.observed63. I know it isn’t important but I can’t help______ about it. BA. but to thinkB. thinkingC. toD.think64. Linda offered him her congratulations_______ his passing the college entrance exams. DA. atB. forC. ofD. on65. Mr. White has a wife and three children to _________. AA. raiseB. keepC. growD. take66. Mary forgot ______ a letter to her mother, so she wrote to her just now. BA. writingB. to writeC. havingwrote D. to have written67. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _______ tired of having one examination after another. BA. isB. areC. amD. be68. Our plane _____ from London at 7:00 yesterday evening. AA. took offB. put offC. flew offD.left off69. On his first sea _________, he was still quite young but showed great courage to facethe storm. DA. tripB. travelC. tourD. voyage70. She’s unlucky, and she’s always suffering ______ luck one after another.DA. a sickB. an illC. sickD. ill71. Time is money! We should ______ our time. BA. be fit forB. make good use ofC. playa part of D. take the place of三、完型填空(1) （课本Unit5，形考第⼀次作业）Molly Wilson (16) a dancer and amother for many years when she (17) tosail round the world to raise money for charity.As a child she (18) as a ballet dancer,but at 15 she had grown too tall for classical ballet, so she (19) a member of a pop dance team.She (20) , and (21) she hadchildren she retired from show business to bring them (22) . They grew up, and when they were 18 they left home.She says, “When I decided to do theround-the-world race, my husband thought I was bored because the children had left home. He was also worried (23) I had never sailed (24) . I was not bored, but I (25) somepeople who told me about the race.They had taken part in it, but they hadonly done one section, say, from New Zealand to Australia. I wanted to do the wholeten-month journey.”16. A. is B. was C. had been D. hasbeen17. A. decides B. decided C. haddecided D. has decided18. A. had trained B. had been trainedC. was trainedD. trained。

大学英语期末考试翻译考试重点

3. The only known way to curb AIDS is to persuade people to change behavior抑制艾滋病已知的唯一方法就是劝说人们改变行为方式。

4. No one should lightly deny public health officials the tools they need to combat AIDS, including use of the AIDS antibody tests.没人可以轻易阻止公共卫生官员获得对抗艾滋病所需的工具，包括对艾滋病抗体检测的使用。

5. The official proposing mandatory testing is facing more arguments.主张强制检测的官员正面临更多的争议。

3. Neither of these government systems was intended to serve the public.这些政府的体系都不以服务大众为目的。

4. To help finance the wars postage rates were increased.为了负担战争的费用，邮资也开始上涨。

5. Most mail was still being transported the same way in the middle of the 19th century.到了19世纪中叶，大多数信件还是以这种方式来递送。

2. It is important that science and technology be pushed forward as quickly as possible.重要的是要把科学技术尽快搞上去。

3. It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.飞机坠毁飞行员还能活着，这似乎是令人难以想象的事。

翻译专业必备知识点总结

翻译专业必备知识点总结作为翻译专业的学生或者从业者，掌握一定的翻译知识点是非常重要的。

下面将总结一些翻译专业必备知识点，包括语言能力、文化背景、翻译技巧等方面，希望能够对翻译专业的学习和工作有所帮助。

一、语言能力1.掌握源语言和目标语言的语法、词汇和语音知识，包括词义、词性、句法、语法等方面的知识。

2.熟练运用目标语言的表达方式和语言特点，包括语言的地道性、习惯用语、俚语等，使翻译更为准确和自然。

3.了解源语言和目标语言的语言特点和文化差异，避免直译和死译，做到符合目标语言的语言习惯和表达习惯。

4.具备良好的口译能力，包括听力、口语表达和笔记能力，在需要时能够进行即时口译。

5.具备良好的书面翻译能力，包括阅读理解、翻译表达和整理编辑能力，保证翻译的准确性和流畅性。

二、文化背景1. 了解源语言和目标语言国家和地区的文化特点，包括宗教、习俗、历史、风俗等方面的知识。

2.掌握源语言和目标语言的文学、艺术和历史知识，以便更好地理解和翻译相关内容。

3.了解不同国家和地区的政治、经济和社会制度，尤其是对于国际新闻、商务文档等方面的翻译更为重要。

4. 针对不同的翻译项目，需要针对性地了解相关的文化背景知识，以便更好地把握翻译的内容和情感。

5.与此同时，要保持跨文化交流的开放心态，不断学习和完善自己的跨文化能力，提高与不同文化背景人士的交流能力。

三、翻译技巧1.对于不同类型的翻译项目，采用不同的翻译方法和策略，包括直译、意译、变通译等。

2.善于利用翻译工具，如电子词典、翻译软件等，提高翻译效率和准确性。

3.善于分析和解决翻译中出现的问题，包括句子结构不同、词义相同、语言习惯不同等问题。

4.培养自己的阅读能力，提高理解和表达能力，不断拓展自己的知识面，以应对各种翻译需求。

5.加强实践经验，多参与各种翻译项目，锻炼自己的翻译能力和应变能力。

四、其他1.保持良好的心理素质，包括耐心、细心、自控能力等，以应对翻译过程中可能出现的各种困难和压力。

大学翻译课知识点总结

大学翻译课知识点总结翻译是一门要求翻译者不仅熟悉两种语言，还要了解两种文化背景的学科。

而大学翻译课程就是为了帮助学生掌握翻译的理论知识和实践技能，培养他们成为优秀的翻译人才。

下面将对大学翻译课程的知识点进行总结。

一、翻译理论1. 翻译基本概念翻译是指把一种源语言的文本转译成目标语言的文本的过程，旨在使得目标语言读者能够理解和接受源语言文本的信息。

翻译本质上是一种跨文化交流的活动。

2. 翻译原则翻译原则主要包括对等翻译原则、意译和直译原则、信达原则等。

对等翻译原则注重保持原文的风格和结构，意译和直译原则注重传达原文的意思，信达原则则要求在翻译中兼顾原文的意思和表达效果。

3. 语言学基础翻译者需要具备扎实的语言学知识，包括语音、语法、词汇和句法等方面的知识。

熟练掌握语言学知识有助于翻译者更好地理解源语言并将其转化为目标语言。

4. 文化意识文化是语言的载体，翻译过程中必须考虑源语言和目标语言的文化背景。

翻译者需要了解两种文化之间的差异，避免在翻译过程中产生文化误解。

二、翻译技能1. 语言能力语言能力是翻译的基本素质，包括听、说、读、写四个方面。

翻译者需要具备流利的口语和书面语能力，能够准确地理解和表达源语言和目标语言的信息。

2. 知识储备翻译需要广泛的知识储备，对各种领域的文本都要有一定的了解。

不同的翻译领域需要不同的专业知识，比如法律、医学、商务等领域的翻译需要相应的专业知识。

3. 翻译技巧翻译过程中需要掌握一定的翻译技巧，比如对等翻译、意译、直译等技巧。

此外，翻译者还需要掌握一些翻译工具的使用技巧，比如翻译记忆软件、术语库等。

4. 翻译实践翻译实践是提高翻译水平的重要手段，通过大量翻译练习可以提高翻译速度和准确度，培养翻译者的审美能力和创造力。

三、翻译方法1. 直译直译是指尽量保持源语言的结构和风格，只在必要的情况下做出一些改动。

直译的特点是忠实于原文，同时在保持原文意思的基础上作出必要的修饰。

2. 意译意译是指在翻译过程中放弃源语言的词句，而用目标语言的词句表达相同的意义。

大三英语知识点总结

大三英语知识点总结大三英语作为大学英语教学的重要部分，涵盖了丰富的知识点和技巧。

下面将对大三英语的重要知识点进行总结和归纳。

一、语法知识点1. 时态和语态：掌握英语中各种时态和语态的用法，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去完成时等。

2. 从句：了解主从复合句中从句的种类和引导词的用法，如名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等。

3. 虚拟语气：掌握虚拟语气的用法，包括虚拟条件句和虚拟结果句的构成及使用方式。

4. 语法修饰：掌握形容词、副词、介词短语和从句在句子中的修饰作用和位置。

5. 语法结构：了解英语中的常见语法结构，如倒装、强调句等，能够正确运用这些结构提高句子的表达效果。

二、词汇知识点1. 同义词和反义词：扩展词汇量，了解同义词和反义词的用法，并能灵活运用，提高文章的表达能力。

2. 固定搭配和习惯用语：掌握常用的固定搭配和习惯用语，如动词搭配、名词搭配、形容词搭配等，使语言更加地道。

3. 词形转换：了解词汇的词形变化规则，包括名词、动词、形容词和副词的派生和转化，能够准确运用词汇。

4. 词汇辨析：学会辨析难以区分的词汇，如homophones、synonyms和antonyms等，避免在使用中出现错误。

三、阅读理解知识点1. 推理判断：掌握通过推理和推断准确理解文章的能力，包括逻辑推理、因果推理和词义推理等。

2. 主旨大意：能够准确抓住文章的主旨和要点，理解作者的写作意图和观点。

3. 阅读技巧：掌握常见的阅读技巧，如扫读、略读、精读等，提高阅读速度和理解效率。

4. 词汇理解：通过上下文的线索推测词汇的词义，提高词汇的理解和运用能力。

四、写作技巧点1. 句型变化：通过改变句子的结构、时态和语态等，使文章的表达更加准确、丰富和有层次感。

2. 表达方式：掌握不同场合下的表达方式，如感谢信、道歉信、建议信等，使写作更加得体和符合要求。

3. 逻辑关系：合理组织文章的段落和句子，使用适当的连接词和过渡词，使文章的结构和逻辑关系更加清晰。

英语专业大三下学期翻译课期末考复习重点

翻译第9——15讲1 He is easily the best student in the class.他无疑是班上最好的学生or他比班上别的学生要好许多.2 The stranger robbed his wife.那个陌生人抢了他妻子的钱（东西）.3 I can’t agree more.我完全同意，4 They give the boy the lie. 他们指责男孩说谎5 Her mother died of difficult labo.他母亲死于难产..6 He was then bright in the eye. 那时他已经醉了.7 Calculation never makes a hero.举棋不定永远成不了英雄.A They are as thick as thieves.他们非常亲密/ 情同手足。

B. Individualism is the core of social value in the United States of America.提倡个人奋斗精神是美国社会价值核心。

1 、He was a man of high renown. (Commendatory)2 、His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death. (derogatory)Both “renown” and “notoriety” mean “fame”, but “renown” means good fame while “notoriety” means ill fame.3、Only ambitious students get the best marks.有抱负的学生才能取得最好的成绩。

Young people, be ambitious.年轻人, 要胸怀大志。

1. They were sons of the men who had left their homes and taken to the mountain with their broad swords by their side.他们都是（那些抛弃妻子、身带大刀进入深山的好汉们的）后代。

翻译必考知识点总结

翻译必考知识点总结翻译是沟通的桥梁，它不仅仅是简单的语言转换，更是文化、历史和思想的传递。

在当今世界，翻译已经成为必不可少的技能，因此翻译考试也成为很多人必须面临的挑战。

无论是英语专业考研、公共英语、雅思、托福考试，还是翻译资格考试等，翻译必考知识点都是考生需要重点关注的内容。

本文将从翻译的基本概念、翻译理论、翻译技巧以及常见考试题型等方面进行总结。

一、翻译的基本概念翻译是指将一种语言的表达形式转换成另一种语言的过程。

翻译的目的是为了使目标语言读者能够理解原文的意思。

翻译的基本原则包括忠实、通顺、准确、得体和自然等。

翻译的过程包括理解原文、转换原文、校对翻译、修改翻译等步骤。

翻译的难点在于语言之间的差异、文化的差异、习惯表达的差异等方面。

二、翻译的理论翻译理论包括了直译理论、意译理论、功能对等理论、文化转换理论等多种理论。

其中直译理论强调忠实于原文，意译理论强调传达原文的意思，功能对等理论强调传达目的语言读者的需求，文化转换理论强调在翻译过程中进行文化因素的转换。

这些理论都在不同层面上揭示了翻译的本质和特点。

三、翻译的技巧翻译的技巧包括了词汇翻译、语法翻译、惯用表达翻译等方面。

在词汇翻译中，考生需要注意词义的转换、词汇的搭配、词法的变换等问题。

在语法翻译中，考生需要注意句子结构的转换、语态的变换、时态的表达等方面。

在惯用表达翻译中，考生需要注意成语、习语、惯用语等的转换和运用。

此外，考生还需要注重上下文的理解和逻辑关系的表达等方面。

四、常见考试题型翻译考试的题型包括了汉译英、英译汉、改错、选词填空、写作等多种题型。

其中汉译英和英译汉是最常见的题型，要求考生具备较高的语言能力和翻译技巧。

改错题目要求考生对句子的语法、词汇进行鉴别和修改。

选词填空要求考生根据上下文选择合适的词语填写在空格处。

写作题目则要求考生根据所给的材料或者题目进行短文或长文的翻译，要求考生除了熟练掌握翻译技巧之外，还需要有一定的表达能力和逻辑思维能力。

期末英语翻译技巧总结

期末英语翻译技巧总结一、文化背景的了解在进行英语翻译时，了解原文所处的文化背景对正确理解和传达原文的意思非常重要。

某些词汇、习语、成语和文化引用可能在不同的文化中具有不同的含义或使用方式。

因此，翻译人员需要对各种文化元素有一定的了解和掌握。

二、正确理解句子结构理解句子结构是进行英语翻译的关键。

英语句子的语序和中文句子有很大的不同，翻译人员需要准确地理解句子的结构来正确表达原文的意思。

特别是对于长句子，需要分析句子成分，理清句子的逻辑关系。

三、注重上下文的理解上下文对于准确翻译非常重要。

很多词汇和表达在不同的上下文中会有不同的含义。

因此，翻译人员需要仔细读懂整个句子和段落的上下文，尽量找到原文的语境，确保翻译的准确和恰当。

四、提炼核心意思在进行英语翻译时，有时候需要提炼出原文的核心意思。

有些原文可能会包含大量的修辞手法、修饰性词语和无关紧要的细节，这些内容可以在翻译过程中适当省略，只保留核心意思。

这样可以使翻译更加简洁和流畅。

五、避免直译直译是一种常见的翻译错误。

有时候，直译会使翻译结果缺乏流畅性和自然性，甚至导致意思的误解。

因此，在进行英语翻译时，需要根据上下文和语境，用更合适和自然的表达方式来传达原文的意思。

六、适当运用翻译记号在进行英语翻译时，运用一些翻译记号可以提高翻译的准确性和清晰度。

翻译记号可以用以标示音译、意译、引用等，并可以指示语法、语义、语调等问题，帮助读者更好地理解翻译文本。

七、使用在线资源和工具现代技术为英语翻译提供了很多便利。

翻译人员可以使用在线翻译工具来辅助翻译，比如谷歌翻译、有道翻译等。

然而，这些工具并不是完美的，翻译人员需要对翻译结果进行审查和修改，确保翻译的准确和恰当。

八、反复修改和润色完成翻译后，最好进行反复的修改和润色。

这可以帮助翻译人员发现并纠正翻译中的错误和不准确之处，提高翻译的质量。

在修改过程中，可以重读原文，与翻译文本进行对比，确认翻译的准确和恰当性。

九、保持积极的学习态度英语翻译是一项需要持续学习和不断改进的技能。

大学英语专业高级英语大三第二学期高英释义

句子释义第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：rifles试题内容：The stupendous material figures for future joint invasions of North Africa or the French coast contrasted sadly with this plea for a hundred fifty thousand rifles now.答案内容：Compared with the huge figures for future joint British-U.S. invasion of North Africa or the French coast, the present request of a hundred fifty thousand rifles immediately was sadly small.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：offered his band试题内容：Churchill saluted him and offered his band.答案内容：Churchill held out his hand to help.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：am for试题内容：I’m for it .第1课The Middle Eastern Bazaar试题关键字：shadowy distance试题内容: The bazaar loses itself in the shadowy distance.答案内容：The bazaar is dark, so when the street is long, objects in the distance become unclear and indistinct.第1课The Middle Eastern Bazaar试题关键字：conceivable kind试题内容：The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.答案内容：The middle part of a road where vehicle drive is about twelve feet wide, but is narrowed every few yards by little open-fronted shops where goods of every kind you can think of .第1课The Middle Eastern Bazaar试题关键字：overwhelmed试题内容：The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit .答案内容：The shop-keepers speak in slow, steady tones, and the buyers overwhelmed by the grave-like atmosphere, also speak in slow and steady tones.第1课The Middle Eastern Bazaar试题关键字：point of honour试题内容：13. It is a point of honour with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment.答案内容：It is important for one’s self-respect with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess which things in particular she really likes or wants at the last moment.第1课The Middle Eastern Bazaar试题关键字：vaulted，echo试题内容：The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mud-brick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo.答案内容：The floor made of earth flattened by treading to lose the sound of footsteps, and the Moslem style of architecture mud-brick walls and roof have hardly any sound to echo.第2课Hiroshima试题关键字：off试题内容：Hiroshima! Everybody off!答案内容：Everybody should now get off the train.第2课Hiroshima试题关键字：a lump in my throat试题内容：And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say.答案内容：And secondly, because I was chocked with emotion and some sad events occupying my thoughts that had no connection with what the stationmaster might say.第2课Hiroshima试题关键字：rubbed shoulders试题内容：Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos rubbed shoulders with teenagers and women in western dress. 答案内容：Little girls and approaching old age ladies in kimonos meet and mix with boys or girls from 13-19 and women in western dress.第2课Hiroshima试题关键字：overwhelmed试题内容：The strange emotion which had overwhelmed me at the station returned.答案内容：I was again overcome by a guilty conscience as I had been when I first arrived at the station.第2课Hiroshima试题关键字：little bow of assent试题内容：I was just about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie.答案内容：I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant. His words shocked me out of my sad dreamy thinking.第2课Hiroshima试题关键字：puzzled试题内容：You look puzzled.答案内容：You look bewildered.第2课Hiroshima试题关键字：humiliating试题内容：It is humiliating to survive in this city.答案内容：It is a disgrace for an atomic victim to remain alive in this city.第2课Hiroshima试题关键字：character试题内容：I have the opportunity to improve my character."答案内容：I have the chance to raise my moral standard, to purify my soul.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：relaxed试题内容：The President’s face relaxed.答案内容：The President’s expression became less stiff.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：bitten off试题内容：Hitler’s bitten off a big bi te this time.答案内容：This time Hitler has attacked a country too big for him to conquer, or to put it idiomatically, he has bitten off more than he can chew.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：bear试题内容：you might bear in mind what our friends will be after.答案内容：you’d better make a mental note of what the British will be trying to get.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：the second demand试题内容：It softens the ground for the second demand.答案内容：It will make it difficult for the American to reject their second demand.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：pulled himself试题内容：He pulled himself to his feet in the rocking boat.答案内容：He managed to stand up in the rocking boat.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：maintain试题内容：Our destroyers couldn’t maintain speed.答案内容：The destroyers could not keep up their original speed because of the gale.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：Zigzag试题内容：The battleship zigzagged on alone.答案内容：The battleship made wide diversion from side to side so as to avoid German submarines.第14课Argentia Bay试题关键字：this试题内容：Let me start on this now, sir.答案内容：Let me go and talk to Admiral King now.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：certainty试题内容：This changed conviction into certainty.答案内容：I n the past I was convinced that German troops would attack Soviet Union; but now it really becomes a fact instead of my firm belief.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：round up试题内容：I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes .答案内容：I think the Soviet troops will be surrounded in large numbers.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：reference试题内容：If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.答案内容：If Hitler attacked Hell, I would even say a word in favour of the Devil in the House of Commons, no matter how evil he had been.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：speak of试题内容：It is not for me to speak of the action of the United States.答案内容：I am not in a position to say what action the United States would take.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：stay试题内容：Mr. and Mrs. Winant, Mr. and Mrs. Eden, and Edward Bridges were staying.答案内容：Mr. and Mrs. Winant, Mr. and Mrs. Eden, and Edward Bridges were visitors.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：go all out试题内容：We should go all out to help Russia.答案内容：We should make our utmost effort to help Russia.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：rescue mankind from his tyranny试题内容：On the contrary, we shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind from his tyranny. 答案内容：Instead, we will fight with greater courage and redouble our efforts in the struggle to end fascism.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：thrived and prospered试题内容：By which he has so long thrived and prospered.答案内容：He has so far been very successful in employing this tactic.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：redouble试题内容：Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain.答案内容：Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：theme试题内容：It is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.答案内容：It is completely lacking of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.第5课Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：true试题内容：Winant said the same would be true of the U. S. A.答案内容：Winant said the United States would have the same point of view.第5课Spe ech on Hitler’s Invasion of U.S.S.R试题关键字：unsay试题内容：I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it.答案内容：I will not take back any single word that I have said about Communism.第6课Blackmail试题关键字：muted试题内容：As a result the nerves of both the Duke and Duchess were excessively frayed when the muted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded.答案内容：The nerves of the Duke and Duchess were worn out by the long writing, were over-strained, when the muted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded.第6课Blackmail试题关键字：surveyed试题内容：The house detective's piggy eyes surveyed her sardonically from his gross jowled face.答案内容：The house detective's small narrow eyes looked her up and down scornfully from his gross jowled face.第6课Blackmail试题关键字：that doesn't matter试题内容：I suppose that doesn't matter now.答案内容：Now that our secret has been discovered, whether the jockeys see it or not doesn't matter now.第6课Blackmail试题关键字：gamble试题内容：She would gamble on the fat man’s greed.答案内容：She would take a chance on the f at man’s greed.第6课Blackmail试题关键字：clucked his tongue试题内容：The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly.答案内容：The house detective made noises with his tongue to show his disapproval.第6课Blackmail试题关键字：the highest stakes试题内容：When you were playing for the highest stakes, you made the highest bid.答案内容：You had to pay the highest price when your reputation and career were at stake.第6课Blackmail试题关键字：rein试题内容：The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.答案内容：The Duchess of Croydon kept firm and tight control of her mind which is working quickly.第6课Blackmail试题关键字：hit-and-run试题内容：You two was in that hit-‘n-run”.答案内容：You two are guilty of that hit-and-run accident.。

大学英语翻译知识点

大学英语翻译知识点在大学英语的学习中，翻译是一项重要的技能。

它不仅要求我们对英语语言有深入的理解，还需要我们能够准确地将其转换为中文，传达出原文的意思和风格。

以下将为大家详细介绍一些大学英语翻译中常见的知识点。

一、词汇层面1、词义选择在翻译过程中，同一个单词在不同的语境中可能会有不同的意思。

例如，“address”这个单词，常见的释义有“地址”“演讲”“处理”等。

所以在翻译时，需要根据具体的语境来选择合适的词义。

2、词类转换为了使译文更符合中文的表达习惯，常常需要进行词类转换。

比如，英语中的名词在翻译时可能会转换成动词，形容词可能会转换成副词。

例如，“The importance of this discovery cannot be exaggerated” 可译为“这一发现的重要性怎么强调也不为过。

” 其中，“importance”（名词）被译为“重要性”（名词），“exaggerated”（形容词）被译为“强调”（动词）。

3、词汇增减有时为了使译文更通顺、完整，需要根据上下文增加或删减一些词汇。

比如，“If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” 可译为“冬天来了，春天还会远吗？” 这里增加了“吗”字，使译文更符合中文的疑问语气。

二、句子层面1、语序调整英语和中文的语序存在一定差异。

在翻译时，需要对语序进行适当调整。

例如，“I have never seen such a beautiful place before” 应译为“我以前从未见过这么美丽的地方。

” 而不是“我有从未见过这样一个美丽的地方以前。

”2、句子结构英语中有很多复杂的句子结构，如定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句等。

在翻译时，需要将这些复杂结构进行合理拆分和重组，使其更易于理解。

比如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting” 可译为“我昨天买的那本书很有趣。

大三经贸英语复习重点--翻译

Text 11.Politicians in rich and poor countries have seized on recent price spikes as proof that free farm trade is a risky business and self-sufficiency, a worthy goal.2.For years reformers have advocated freer trade on the grounds that market distortions，particularly the rich world’s subsidies, depress prices and hurt rural areas in poor countries，where three—quarters of the world’s indigent live．3. The lavishness of farm subsidies means that the net effect of fully freeing trade would be to raise prices，by an average of 5.5％for primary farm products and 1.3％for processed goods，according to the World Bank．4. Such trade brings broader benefits：even if higher prices for staples exacerbate poverty in some countries，at least in the short term，the effect may be outweighed by increased demand for other farm exports，such as processed goods，as rich countries cut tariffs．5. Removing rich—country subsidies on staple goods，the focus of much debate in the Doha round，may be less useful in the fight against poverty than cutting tariffs would be．Text 21. It cannot be blamed on“crony capitalism”in peripheral economies，but world economy rather on irresponsibility in the core of the core of the world economy.2. It took foolish borrowers，foolish investors and clever intermediaries，who persuaded the former to borrow what they could not afford and the latter to invest in what they did not understand．3. In fact，even the borrowers might not have been foolish：if one owns nothing，it may be quite sensible to speculate on ever-rising house prices in the knowledge that personal bankruptcy is always a way out．4. Although this episode appears to have been triggered largely by heightened concerns about subprime mortgages，global financial losses have far exceeded even the most pessimistic projections of credit losses on those loans．5. Investor uncertainty has increased significantly，as the difficulty of evaluating the risks of structured products that can be opaque or have complex pay-offs has become more evident．6. as in many episodes of financial stress，uncertainty about possible forced sales by leveraged participants and a higher cost of risk capital seem to have made investors hesitant to take advantage of possible buying opportunities．7. They have two classic functions：to ensure inflation and deflation；and to provide liquidity to an illiquid financial systems.8. Good reasons can still be advanced for shifting exposure from the balance sheets of thinly capitalized banks to those of better capitalized outside investors．9. In the short run, securitized debt is likely to contract，as existing debt is paid down or written off．In the longer term, intermediaries will have to find a way to make their products more transparent to the buyers．10. But paternalists may require minimum down payments or the abolition of “teaser" interest rates and other devices that encouraged ordinary people to borrow more than they could afford．11. Restrictions would have to be imposed on products sold or on the ability of guaranteed financial institutions to engage in off-balance-sheet transactions．12. It showed the normal pattern of rising prices of assets，expanding credit，speculation, excess, then falling prices，default and finally panic．Text31.Trade protectionism，emblematic of the destructive economic policies followed in the Great Depression of the 1930s，has been remarkably absent since the onset of the global financial crisis in 2008．2. But with high unemployment in the rich countries and renewed threats of economic weakness across the global economy，experts and policy makers are becoming less sanguine that the beast will remain deep in slumber.3. The world trading system did not settle down to low levels of protectionism after the spike in beggar·-thy—neighbor policies in 2009.4. The extent of trade restrictions remains hard to quantify：many involve changes in 1icensimg or regulation rather than more easily—measured actions such as anti—dumping and countervailing(anti—subsidy)duties on imports．5. The WTO’s dispute settlement system is being called into action to mediate disagreements particularly about whether a widespread resort to emergency blocks on tariffs contravenes international 1aw．6. The US，where the Obama administration recently brought its first case against India at the WTO，is also fighting a resolute legal battle against China，defending its method of imposing antidumping and countervailing duties．7. And over the whole world trading system hangs the biggest cause of tension-the threat of the global economy slipping back into recession，increasing pressure on governments to favour domestic companies in an attempt to keep jobs at home·8. The longer that economic weakness endures, the more trade restrictions become a permanent part of the environment. The 1esson of the Depression is that，once in place，restrictions become increasingly difficult to reverse．Text 41. They attributed the slowdown to the global economy losing momentum due to a number of shocks，including the European sovereign debt crisis2. A significant braking of trade expansion had been forecast for 2011，but multiple economic setbacks during the year dampened growth beyond expectations and led to a stronger than anticipated easing in the fourth quarter．3. The WTO has so far deterred economic nationalism，but the sluggish pace of recovery raises concerns that a steady trickle of restrictive trade measures could gradually undermine the benefits of trade openness．4. These include a steeper than expected downturn in Europe，financial contagion related to the sovereign debt crisis，rapidly rising oil prices，and geopolitical risks．Text51. This kind of dichotomy--market returns that may not accurately reflect the underlying economy--actually Occurs rather often，and it poses a ticklish problem，both for professional money managers and for the rest of us．2. if you focus on the economy and find that it’s weak，you might think it wise to lighten the risk in your portfolio and concentrate on protecting your assets．On the other hand，if you focus on themarket’s momentum and believe stocks are likely to keep climbing，you might try to ride that wave until it crests．3. But if you look at both the economy and the market，and believe both that the economy is weak and that the market’s momentum is upward，you may not be entirely comfortable with any course of action．4. The first of these is “the Fed”-- meaning the Federal Reserve and other central banks around the world, which have adopted extraordinarily accommodative monetary policies and committed to redoubling their efforts if economic growth falters．Text71.Banks already conduct transactions in euros；checks，credit transfers and direct debits can be denominated in them；equities are priced in euros；and foreign exchange dealers trade in euros．2. Companies operating within the euro zone have already enjoyed a reduction in many of their costs．particularly in treasury management，foreign exchange transactions and through the elimination of much foreign exchange risk．3. With the conversion to euro notes and coins however，increased price transparency should trigger strong competition in some sectors so，the cost to consumers of certain goods in certain markets may have to fall．Businesses also face one-ff costs in the changing of equipment and staff training．4. However, critics of the euro feel that handing over control of interest rates and exchange rate policy to the ECB mean that action is taken centrally which is inappropriate for the economies in which companies operate．The launching of euro and the completion of the EMU will be instrumental in reshaping the international monetary system，principally by making it more balanced and symmetrical．5.The use of single currency will better coordinate the economic policies of its Member States，which in turn will contribute to a more pronounced economic status of the euro area comparable to that of the US and larger than that of Japan．6.Owing to the disappearance of tensions between European currencies，the economic performance of the euro zone will be less sensitive to exchange rate fluctuations7.With the completion of EMU，the European financial market will become truly integrated with the implementation of an efficient trans—border payment system．The recent agreement clinched by the ECB to finalize the deadline for lowering the charges and commission rates for trans—border transactions and capital transfer can serve as a case in point．8.The euro should constitute an important reserve currency and play a key role in portfolios of financial assets on an international scale．9.European economic policies should，in light of its aim to foster easy monetary conditions and maintain appropriate exchange rates，merit close attention as a valuable source of reference in international economic affairs．10,The representation of the EMU within international institutions such as the IMF is a matter awaiting further discussions and consultations．Mechanisms of monitoring and mutual compatibility are to be highlighted．Text 101. Last October the Senate passed a bill，which has yet to pass the House，to let American companies seek duties on Chinese imports to compensate for what is said to be an undervaluation2. These include cheap labor，multinationals，outsourcing of production to China，a huge jump in productivity and China’s 2001 entry into the World Trade Organization，which limited the ability of other countries to stop its exports．3. The IMF forecasts that China’s surplus will rebound gradually to4.25 percent of the country’s output by 2017．But it noted that if the renminbi continues to gain--either through faster appreciation or sustained higher inflation—the surplus will be smaller．4. An important reason the surplus shrank in China is that the global recession clipped consumer spending in its main export markets in the United States and Europe．5. China has not adopted many of the reforms that economists suggest are needed to lay the groundwork for a new phase of development that relies 1ess on exports to other countries and depends more on the spending of the Chinese themselves．6. And China’s terms of trade will get worse as the price of energy and the other raw materials it imports keeps rising even as the electronic devices and other machines it exports keep getting cheaper．7. And weird as this may seem for a country of 1.3 billion people，China is looking at a labor shortage down the road that will start increasing wages ahead of productivity growth，eroding China’s competitive edge．8. China’s backward farm economy will continue shedding workers for a few years，adding to the urban labor force．Still，Chinese factories on the coast are haying a harder time drawing workers from the agricultural hinterland in the west．That is partly because rising food prices are raising farm incomes．9. It is also important for China—who se reliance on exports to drive employment and growth is distorting the economy，repressing consumer demand，feeding a surge in unproductive investment and loading banks with dubious loans．Text141. What is more，if oil and shipping prices stay high，many Western companies that now outsource their manufacturing to China might decide that it makes more sense to shift production closer to their customers at home．2. And this can be attributed to a number of factors，including China’s stronger currency (up almost 7％against the dollar this year)，upward pressure on domestic wages，less generous Chinese government incentives for low—end exporters and weakening foreign demand．3. Few companies will take the decision to leave China lightly，especially when no one knows if the price of oil will hit$200 or fall back to$100 in the coming months.Text 15.1. Doha Ministerial Declaration has set a clear target by making a commitment to the“objective of duty—free，quota-free market access for products originating from LDCs”Trade is one of the most important policy areas for development．2. Studies，including one recently conducted by the OECD，suggest that non-reciprocal trade preferences have generated limited(at best)economic success in terms of increasing the tradeshares of developing countries and fostering their growth and diversification．3. Factors influencing the effectiveness of trade preferences(with no particular order of importance)are：insecure market access；insufficient product coverage；excessively stringent rules of origin with respect to the industrial capacity of developing countries；poor understanding or awareness of the preferences available and the conditions attached；weak capacity；and non—trade related conditions，like infrastructure．4. At the Doha meeting two years ago，trade ministers made clear their appreciation that the development challenges facing poor countries cannot be addressed through trade negotiations alone．Several trade and development objectives have to be tackled comprehensively，such as the need to import essential materials at affordable world prices to expand exports，to enhance the ability of firms to meet the price and quality requirements of their clients，and to build the legal and physical infrastructures conducive to fostering businesses capable of fending for themselves on the global market．5.Dealing with these issues is fundamental．Trade ministers recognize the importance of greater coherence in global policymaking and have made a renewed commitment to continue working with relevant national and international agencies to help poor countries bring trade into the mainstream of their national strategies for development and poverty reduction．6. Only in this way can the complex issues of ownership and implementation of policies be resolved，so that the development benefits of trade—linked investment actually materialize and improve the lot of the poor.7. The capacity gap，however，needs to be bridged so that poor countries can fully enjoy the benefits of an open，rules-based multilateral trade system．Text 161. The problem is that although economies may have decoupled, their monetary policies have not．Whereas the greater resilience of the emerging world is a source of stability for the global economy，the monetary linkages between rich and poor economies complicate matters．2. As China and Gulf oil exporters purchased American Treasury bonds in order to hold down their currencies，this pushed down bond yields and helped to fuel the housing boom. Low yields also encouraged investors to seek higher returns in riskier assets, such as mortgage-backed securities.3.Now，those same exchange—rate policies that helped to cause America’s financial crisis are leading emerging economies to run overly loose monetary policies．4. In turn，continued surging demand in emerging economies boosts commodity prices，which reduces Americans’ spending power and SO encourages the Fed to cut rates further．The more the Fed cuts，the bigger the risk of inflation in emerging markets．5. The danger of allowing these currencies to float is that they could overshoot as foreign capital foods in，eroding competitiveness and leaving economies vulnerable to a future reversal in capital flows．。

大三笔译笔记

Criteria for Beginners of TranslationLoyalty（忠实）:完整并且准确地表达原作内容。

完整：不得随意增加或删减原文的内容。

ST: Its implications will doubtlessly escape you.Original: 你看不出它的含义。

Revised: 毫无疑问，你看不出它的含义。

Loyalty（忠实）: 完整并且准确地表达原作内容。

准确：忠实地传达原文的内容，不得歪曲或者篡改原文的信息。

ST: Let me be your banker.Original: 让我做你的银行家吧。

Revised: 你需要钱，我可以借给你。

Fluency（通顺）:译文语言明白流畅，符合译入语的语言规范；句语句之间、段与段之间过渡自然、衔接紧密。

语言明白：用词准确，不用生硬晦涩，模棱两可，随意生造的词语ST: The whole village was astir with the news.Original: 消息传来，全村震动。

Revised: 消息传来，全村震惊（轰动）。

ST: 我永远不会忘记您。

Original: I shall never forget thee.Revised: I shall never forget you.ST: Words failed me.Original: 文字打败了我。

Revised: 我惊讶地说不出话来。

ST: The Republicans are out, the Democrats in.Original:共和党出台，民主党进台。

Revised:共和党下台，民主党上台。

过渡自然，衔接紧密ST: 他2003年被哈佛大学法律系录取。

三年后他大学毕，毅然放弃了当律师的机会，转身进入了华尔街。

A. He was admitted by the Law School of Harvard University in 2003. He graduated there three years later and he refused to be a lawyer and stepped onto the Wall Street.B. He was admitted by the Law School of Harvard University in 2003. Following his graduation three years later, he refused to be a lawyer but stepped onto the Wall Street.Addition（增补法）•Definition: Addition means supplying necessary words in translation.•Purpose: Addition is adopted to make TTgrammatically correctsemantically clearculturally appropriateExamples and DrillsST: We won't retreat; we never have and never will.TT: 我们不后退，我们从来没有后退过，我们将来也决不后退。

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