医学英语unit2 health and illness

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医学考研英语二作文模板

医学考研英语二作文模板

医学考研英语二作文模板Medical Postgraduate Entrance Exam English Writing Template。

Title: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine。

Introduction:In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly integrated into various aspects of medicine, revolutionizing healthcare practices. This essay will explore the significant role of AI in medicine, focusing on its applications, benefits, and potential challenges.Body:1. Applications of AI in Medicine:Diagnosis and Treatment: AI algorithms can analyze medical images, such as X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans, withhigh accuracy, assisting doctors in diagnosing diseaseslike cancer, tuberculosis, and neurological disorders.Drug Discovery: AI accelerates drug discovery processes by predicting molecular structures, identifying potential drug candidates, and optimizing drug design, leading to faster development of novel therapies.Personalized Medicine: AI algorithms analyze patient data, including genetic information, medical history, and lifestyle factors, to tailor treatment plans specific to individual patients, improving treatment efficacy and reducing adverse effects.Health Monitoring: Wearable devices equipped with AI algorithms monitor vital signs, detect abnormalities, and provide real-time feedback, enabling early intervention in chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension.2. Benefits of AI in Medicine:Enhanced Accuracy: AI systems can analyze vastamounts of medical data with precision, reducing diagnostic errors and improving treatment outcomes.Efficiency: AI automates routine tasks, such as data entry and image analysis, allowing healthcare professionals to focus more on patient care and complex medical decisions.Cost Reduction: By streamlining processes and improving efficiency, AI has the potential to reduce healthcare costs, making medical services more accessible and affordable.Improved Access to Healthcare: AI-powered telemedicine platforms enable remote consultations and diagnosis, overcoming geographical barriers and providing healthcare access to underserved populations.3. Potential Challenges and Concerns:Data Privacy and Security: The use of AI in medicine raises concerns about patient data privacy and security, as sensitive medical information becomes vulnerable tobreaches and misuse.Ethical Issues: Ethical dilemmas arise regardingAI's decision-making capabilities, such as determining treatment plans or allocating medical resources, raising questions about accountability and transparency.Bias and Discrimination: AI algorithms may reflect biases present in the training data, leading to disparities in healthcare delivery, particularly for marginalized communities.Human Displacement: There are concerns that AI automation may lead to job displacement among healthcare workers, requiring careful management and retraining strategies.Conclusion:In conclusion, artificial intelligence holds immense potential to transform medicine, revolutionizing diagnosis, treatment, and healthcare delivery. Despite the challengesit presents, the benefits of AI in medicine are undeniable, offering improved accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility. As AI continues to advance, it is crucial to address ethical, legal, and societal implications to ensure its responsible and equitable integration into healthcare systems worldwide.Word Count: 512 words。

基础医学英语课件:Unit 2 The Heart

基础医学英语课件:Unit 2 The Heart
Read Para.1
1. compare skeletal muscles, smooth muscles and cardiac muscles.
2. What is unique about cardiac muscles?
skeletal voluntary
muscle
smooth involuntary muscle
arteriole
artery
small
bronchiole
venuleΒιβλιοθήκη veinsmall
varicose
vary, change
❖ artery --- arterial ❖ vein --- venous ❖ aorta --- aortic
The anatomy of the Heart
2. In the systemic circuit, blood leaves the heart through the aorta, goes to all the organs of the body through the systemic arteries, and then returns to the heart through the systemic veins.
UNIT 2 Passage A
The Heart
Key terms
ventricle --- ventricular (adj.) atrium --- atria (pl.) --- atrial
(adj.) systole --- systolic (adj.) diastole --- diastolic (adj.)
Para.7
❖ The heart is supplied with oxygenated blood by ____.

健康与医疗英语词汇大全

健康与医疗英语词汇大全

健康与医疗英语词汇大全在当今全球化的社会中,学习不同领域的英语词汇变得尤为重要。

健康与医疗领域是一个关系到人们身体健康和生命安全的重要领域。

以下是一份健康与医疗英语词汇大全,旨在帮助您更好地理解和运用相关术语。

请注意,本文不涉及特定疾病或诊断方法的详细解释,仅供学习和参考。

一、常见疾病与症状 (Common Diseases and Symptoms)1. Fever - 发烧High temperature, often an indicator of infection or illness.2. Headache - 头痛Pain in the head, often caused by stress or tension.3. Cough - 咳嗽Forceful expulsion of air from the lungs, often caused by respiratory infections.4. Fatigue - 疲劳Extreme tiredness or exhaustion.5. Nausea - 恶心Feeling of sickness or an urge to vomit.6. Dizziness - 头晕Feeling unsteady, often accompanied by a spinning sensation.7. Rash - 皮疹An outbreak of red or purple spots on the skin, often accompanied by itching.8. Diarrhea - 腹泻Frequent, loose, or watery stools.9. Vomiting - 呕吐Forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth.10. Stomachache - 胃痛Pain or discomfort in the abdomen.二、医疗基础设施 (Medical Facilities)1. Hospital - 医院Institution providing medical and surgical treatment for the sick or injured.2. Clinic - 诊所Medical facility where patients receive outpatient treatment or consultation.3. Pharmacy - 药店Retail store where medicines and medical supplies can be purchased.4. Laboratory - 实验室Facility where medical tests and experiments are conducted for diagnostic purposes.5. Ambulance - 救护车Emergency vehicle used to transport patients, often equipped with life-supporting equipment.6. Emergency Room - 急诊室Department in a hospital that provides immediate medical treatment for acute injuries or illnesses.7. Operating Room - 手术室Specialized facility in a hospital where surgical procedures are performed.8. X-ray Room - X光室Room equipped with X-ray machines to obtain images of the internal structures of the body.三、医疗人员 (Medical Professionals)1. Doctor/Physician - 医生Qualified medical professional who diagnoses, treats, and provides medical care to patients.2. Nurse - 护士Healthcare professional who assists doctors and provides direct patient care.3. Surgeon - 外科医生Doctor specializing in surgical procedures.4. Dentist - 牙医Medical professional who diagnoses and treats oral health problems.5. Pharmacist - 药剂师Healthcare professional who prepares and dispenses medications.6. Medical Researcher - 医学研究人员Scientist or researcher who conducts medical studies and experiments.四、医学检查与治疗方法 (Medical Examinations and Treatments)1. Physical Examination - 体检Comprehensive assessment of a patient's overall health status.2. Blood Test - 血液检查Analysis of a blood sample to diagnose and monitor certain medical conditions.3. X-ray - X光片Radiographic image obtained by exposing the body to X-rays, used for diagnostic purposes.4. Ultrasound - 超声检查Imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create real-time images of internal organs.5. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - 磁共振成像Imaging technique that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed images of the body.6. Surgery - 外科手术Medical procedure performed to treat or repair a diseased or injured part of the body.7. Medication - 药物Substances used to treat, cure, or prevent diseases or medical conditions.养生与健康 (Wellness and Health)1. Exercise - 锻炼Physical activity performed to improve strength, endurance, or overall fitness.2. Balanced Diet - 均衡饮食Eating plan that includes a variety of nutrients in appropriate proportions.3. Stress Management - 压力管理Techniques and activities to reduce or cope with stress.4. Adequate Sleep - 充足睡眠Sufficient amount of sleep required to maintain good health and well-being.5. Hydration - 补水The process of replenishing the body with adequate fluids to maintain optimal functioning.6. Mental Health - 心理健康Emotional and psychological well-being.7. Preventive Care - 预防保健Measures taken to prevent illness or disease, such as vaccinations or regular check-ups.总结 (Conclusion)以上是一份健康与医疗英语词汇大全,涵盖了常见疾病、医疗基础设施、医疗人员以及医学检查与治疗方法等方面的词汇。

医药卫生英语

医药卫生英语
alcoholism 酒精中毒
allergy 过敏反应
always ill 总是生病
anaemic 贫血
anemia 贫血症
anemic 贫血
animal disease 动物疾病
anthrax 炭疽热
apoplexy 中风
appendictitis 阑尾炎
arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化
malnutrition 营养不良
mange 癞疥
mangy 生满癞疮的
matter 毛病
measles 麻疹
meningitis 脑膜炎
miasma 瘴气
midwife 助产士
migraine 周期性偏头疼
mole 霉菌
morbid 病态的
morbidity 罹病率
catch a bug 生病
catch an infection 发炎
cerebral 大脑
chilblain 冻疮
chills 寒战
cholera 霍乱
chronic 慢性病
chronic ill health 慢性病
cirrhosis 硬化
clinic 诊所
rash 皮疹
respiratory disease 呼吸系统疾病
rheumatic 风湿病的
rheumatic fever
rheumatics 风湿症
rheumatism 风湿
rheumatoid 风湿性的
rickets 软骨病
rickety 软骨病的
rot 腐烂
blood pressure 血压

UNIT2临床医学英语

UNIT2临床医学英语
Speak clearly and patiently
Use simple language to explain procedures, risks, and treatment options to patients. Avoid medical jargon that may confuse or intimidate them.
Make connections with other healthcare professionals to exchange ideas, collaborate on projects, and expand your professional development opportunities.
Unit2 Clinical Medical English
目录 Contents
• Clinical Medical English Vocabulary • Clinical Medical English Sentence
Patterns • Clinical Medical English Literature
Share knowledge
Contribute to discussions by sharing your expertise and experiences, and seek opportunities to learn from others.
Build professional network
01
02
03
给出一般性建议
建议您保持充足的休息, 避免过度劳累。
给出具体建议
建议您按时服药,并定期 回诊复查。
给出注意事项
请注意观察病情变化,如 有任何不适,请及时就医。

医学英语视听说教程2医学教育与健康服务

医学英语视听说教程2医学教育与健康服务

医学英语视听说教程2医学教育与健康服务医学英语视听说教程2是一套专门为医学生和医护人员设计的教学资料,旨在帮助学习者提高医学英语的听说能力,以应对日益国际化的医学环境。

而医学教育与健康服务作为医学领域中的两大关键概念,是医学英语学习中必不可少的内容。

在本篇文章中,我们将从医学英语视听说教程2的角度出发,探讨医学教育与健康服务的关系,以及对医学生和从业人员的重要意义。

一、医学教育医学教育是指传授医学知识和技能的过程,包括对医学专业学生的教育培训,以及继续教育和职业发展。

在医学英语视听说教程2中,医学教育是一个重要的话题,学习者需要掌握相关的医学英语词汇和表达方式,以便在学术交流和临床实践中准确表达自己的观点和理解。

1. 医学教育的重要性医学教育的重要性不言而喻。

医学是一个高度专业化和技术密集的领域,医学生需要通过系统的教育培训来掌握丰富的医学知识和临床技能。

医学教育涉及到医疗安全和患者生命健康,因此对教学质量和医学生素质要求极高。

医学教育不仅是对医学知识和技能的传授,更是对医德医风的培养,帮助医务人员树立正确的职业观念和医疗理念。

医学英语在医学教育中扮演着重要的角色。

国际化的医学环境需要医学生具备良好的英语听说能力,以便与国外学者和医务人员进行学术交流和合作。

另医学英语作为专业英语的一种,具有严谨的表达和精准的用词,对医学生的文档阅读和学术写作能力提出了较高的要求。

医学英语视听说教程2的推出,为医学生提供了一个系统和有效的学习评台,帮助他们提高医学英语的听说能力,提升国际化视野和竞争力。

二、健康服务健康服务是指为人们提供预防、诊断、治疗和康复等健康相关服务的活动。

在医学英语视听说教程2中,健康服务是一个重要的话题,学习者需要了解相关的医学英语表达和对话技巧,以便在与患者和医务人员的交流中准确表达自己的意见和建议。

1. 健康服务的重要性健康服务的重要性不可忽视。

健康是人类生存和发展的基本前提,健康服务的提供直接关系到人们的生命健康和生活质量。

医药英语教程第二单元课文翻译

医药英语教程第二单元课文翻译

Cardiac surgery:a brief history心脏外科简史Possibly some of the greatest achievements in medical science have been those made in cardiac surgery.The first successful example was carried out in 1896 by Dr Ludwig Rehn(Germany),who repaired a stab wound to the right ventricle,Open-heart surgery itself dates form the 1950s,while bypass operations began in the mid-60s. By the 1980s,two-thirds of those receiving heart transplants survived five years or more.Today,heart surgery is robotized:incisions to the heart have been reduced to a minimum and patient recovery time is down from six months to a few weeks.也许医学上最伟大的成就是在心脏外科。

第一个成功的例子是Ludwig Rehn博士(德国)在1896年修补了右心室的刀伤,心脏手术本身始于上世纪50年代,而旁路手术开始于60年代中期。

上个世纪80年代,那些接受心脏移植的人三分之二存活五年以上。

今天,心脏手术已经机械化:切口心脏被减少到最低限度,病人恢复时间从六个月减少到几周。

One of the first pioneers in the field of cardiac surgery was Dr Dwight Harken,a US army medic serving during World WAR 2.Initially,he operated on animals to improve his skills,moving on to soldiers arriving from the European front with bullets lodged in their hearts.Dislodging them almost always proved fatal,but Harken developed a technique that enable him to cut into the wall of a still beating heart and successfully remove it.With time,more and more of his patients began to survive,proving it was indeed possible to operate on the human heart.其中一个在心脏外科领域的鼻祖是Dwight Harken博士,在2次世界大战期间的一个美国陆军军医。

当代医学英语2关注健康课后答案

当代医学英语2关注健康课后答案

当代医学英语2关注健康课后答案当代医学英语2旨在培养学生良好的英语学习习惯,提升学生英语的综合运用能力,使英语学习不只是单纯的背诵记忆等单一功能。

在教学中教师要引导学生形成良好的阅读习惯与理解能力,并且要注重培养他们的语言交际能力,从而使他们能够将所学知识运用于实际生活中。

目前我国已经进入老龄化社会,老人生活质量下降以及营养失衡都是引起老年人死亡的主要原因。

然而当今我国社会人口老龄化速度也越来越快。

作为中国唯一一个人口过亿而没有发生老龄化问题的国家,老龄化对我国未来经济增长与社会稳定也产生了很大影响……因此,为了改善我国老年人的生存质量。

作为一名英语教师需要不断学习和提高自己的专业技能以更好地帮助学生走向未来而不仅仅是“纸上谈兵”,同时在教学过程中需要提高学生应对医学问题并进行准确表达方法的能力、用多种方式表达所学知识并将它们灵活运用于实际生活中!让我们来看看当代医英2课堂上有哪些答案吧。

1.对于脑卒中,首先应进行脑卒中相关认知和症状的诊断,再由专业医生进行指导。

请回答 A。

在这一节的学习中,我主要想强调的是:卒中患者是不能在家进行康复治疗的。

这一节的学习了脑卒中相关认知和症状的诊断,同时还让我们了解了在家进行康复治疗(probability integration)对于脑卒中患者的重要性(probability integration)对脑卒中患者进行康复治疗时可以起到很好地作用(retropositive)。

这一节我们学习了当患者在家进行康复治疗时,应该怎么进行康复治疗(probability integration)。

在这一节的学习中,我向学生们展示了如何通过一些简单、快速、直观、有效而且简单易操作的方法来帮助患者进行康复治疗(probability integration)。

其中包括了如何通过言语训练或者其他手段来改善患者在家中康复治疗所带来的一些问题……因此,在这一节的学习中,我向学生们介绍了通过什么样的方法可以提高老年人在家中康复治疗所带来的一些问题和机会……这一节是通过使用 probability integration这个词在我们脑海里构建一个完整图来让学生们理解什么是“居家康复”这个词的含义并让学生们能够更好地理解这一行为对于一个健康老人所带来哪些好处。

基础医学英语课件__Unit_2

基础医学英语课件__Unit_2

Functions of Bones
Support of the body
Protection of soft organs Movement due to attached skeletal muscles
Storage of minerals and fats
Blood cell formation

3 sub-systems of the Circulatory or Cardiovascular System. The Immune System includes all of the lymphocytes and antibodies of the body. The Lymphatic System includes the tonsils, the thymus gland, the liver, the spleen, and all of the lymph nodes of the body. The Urinary System includes the kidneys, the ureters, the bladder, and the urethra. 1 sub-system of the Nervous System. The Sensory System includes, the eyes, the ears, the nose, the tongue, and the skin.

Some muscles in the human body are involuntary, that is they are continuously working without the instructions from the brain, like the cardiac muscles in the heart, because of which the heart is continuously pumping. Other examples of involuntary muscles are bladder muscles, and eye muscles for blinking.

医学英语第二册

医学英语第二册

[W]probably[M]ad. 大概﹐有可能[W]eminent[M]a. 著名的﹔突出的[W]artist[M]n. 藝術家﹔美術家[W]distant[M]a. 遠的﹐遠外的[W]brilliantly[M]ad. 鮮明地﹐輝煌地[W]canvas[M]n. 一塊油畫布﹔粗帆布[W]comprehend[M]vt. 了解﹐領會﹔包含[W]scientifically[M]ad. 科學地﹔系統地[W]arouse[M]vt. 喚起﹐激起﹔喚醒[W]viewer[M]n. 觀察者﹔電視觀眾[W]romantic[M]a. 浪漫的[W]sentimental[M]a. 激動的﹔情感的[W]emotion[M]n. 感情﹔情緒[W]choice[M]n. 選擇[W]scene[M]n. 景色﹔景象[W]poem[M]n. 詩[W]poet[M]n. 詩人[W]identical[M]a. 相同的﹔相等的[W]be identical to[M]與…相同[W]convey[M]vt. 轉達﹐傳達[W]instance[M]n. 例子﹔實例﹔實事[W]for instance[M]例如[W]nightfall[M]n. 黃昏[W]wilderness[M]n. 荒原﹐荒野[W]image[M]n. 映象﹔形像﹔圖像[W]create[M]vt. 創作﹔創造[W]verify[M]vt. 證實﹐核實[W]likewise[M]ad. 同樣地﹔也[W]mainly[M]ad. 主要地[W]interpret[M]vt. 解釋﹐口譯[W]transform[M]vt. 改變﹐轉變﹔改造[W]favorable[M]a. 有利的﹐贊成的[W]be favorable to[M]有利於﹐贊成[W]wring[M]vt. 擰﹐扭﹔強求[W]necessity[M]n. 需要﹔必要性[W]curiosity[M]n. 好奇心﹔珍品[W]trifling[M]a. 微不足道的[W]unexplained[M]a. 未得到解釋的[W]undoubtedly[M]ad. 無庸置疑﹔肯定地[W]supersonic[M]a. 超聲速的[W]aircraft[M]n. 飛機﹐航空器[W]frozen[M]a. 冷凍的[W]curb[M]vt. 控制﹐抑制[W]ravage[M]vt. 毀壞﹐蹂躪[W]utilize[M]vt. 利用[W]tropical[M]a. 熱帶的[W]tank[M]n. 桶﹐槽[W]reliable[M]a. 可信的﹐確實的[W]set about[M]著手﹐開始[W]contribution[M]n. 貢獻﹐捐獻﹐投稿[W]simplified[M]a. 精簡了的﹐簡化了的[W]reddish[M]a. 帶紅色的﹐微紅的[W]gather[M]vt. 收集﹐蒐集[W]rusty[M]a. 生了鏽的[W]observation[M]n. 觀察﹐觀測[W]hypothesis[M]n. 假說﹐假設[W]reset[M]v. 再試驗﹐重複試驗[W]survival[M]n. 生存﹐存活[W]maintain[M]vt. 繼續﹔維持[W]homeostasis[M]n. 內環境恆定[W]stable[M]a. 穩定的﹐恆定的[W]depict[M]vt. 描述﹔描繪[W]least[M]n. 最小﹐最少[W]at least[M]至少﹐無論如何[W]overall[M]a. 全面的﹐綜合的[W]dependent[M]a. 依靠的﹔由…決定的[W]by dependent on[M]依靠﹔由…決定[W]exception[M]n. 例外﹐除外[W]decompose[M]vt. 分解[W]basically[M]ad. 基本上﹐事實上[W]anus[M]n. 肛門[W]alimentary[M]a. 營養的﹔消化的[W]canal[M]n. 道﹐管[W]the alimentary canal[M]消化道[W]oral[M]a. 口的﹔口頭的[W]cavity[M]n. 腔[W]pharynx[M]n. 咽[W]throat[M]n. 喉[W]situated[M]a. 位於…的[W]esophagus[M]n. 食道[W]partially[M]ad. 部份地﹔偏袒地[W]rectum[M]n. 直腸[W]unabsorbed[M]a. 未被吸收的[W]elimination[M]n. 排除﹐清除[W]digestion[M]n. 消化﹐消化力[W]salivary[M]a. 唾液的[W]salivary gland[M]唾液腺[W]pancreas[M]n. 胰<腺>[W]exchange[M]vt. & n. 交換﹐互換[W]potentially[M]ad. 潛在地[W]poisonous[M]a. 有毒的﹔惡毒的[W]subway[M]n. 地道﹐地下鐵道[W]comprise[M]vt. 由…組成﹔包含[W]ultimately[M]ad. 終於﹐最後[W]rid[M]vt. 使…擺脫[W]rid someone of[M]使某人擺脫[W]get rid of[M]去掉﹐排除[W]urinary[M]a. 泌尿的﹔尿的[W]endocrine[M]a. 內分泌的﹔n. 內分泌[W]hormone[M]n. 激素﹐荷爾蒙[W]neuron[M]n. 神經原﹐神經細胞[W]network[M]n. 網﹐網狀系統[W]as a whole[M]整體上﹐作為一個整體[W]actual[M]a. 實際的﹐事實上的[W]contraction[M]n. 收縮﹐縮短[W]finally[M]ad. 最後﹐終於[W]skeletal[M]a. 骨骼的﹐骸骨的[W]excretory[M]a. 排泄的[W]reproductive[M]a. 生殖的﹔再生的[W]to sum up[M]總之﹔總結[W]respiration[M]n. 呼吸﹐呼吸作用[W]precisely[M]ad. 精確地﹐明確地[W]oxidize[M]ad. 使氧化[W]notably[M]ad. 特別是﹐顯著地[W]sensitive[M]a. 敏感的﹐靈敏的[W]sensitive to[M]對…敏感[W]hypoxia[M]n. 氧過少﹐低氧[W]anoxia[M]n. 缺氧症[W]complicated[M]a. 複雜的﹐難懂的[W]former[M]a. 以前的﹐前任的[W]the former[M]前者[W]signify[M]vt. 表示﹐表明﹔意味[W]denote[M]vt. 表示﹔意味著[W]subdivide[M]vt. 把…再分[W]be subdivided into[M]被再分成[W]phase[M]n. 階段﹔方面[W]inspiration[M]n. 吸氣﹐吸入[W]expiration[M]n. 呼氣﹔呼出物[W]expulsion[M]n. 驅逐﹔排除[W]portion[M]n. 一部份﹔一份[W]larynx[M]n. 喉[W]trachea[M]n. 氣管[W]windpipe[M]n. 氣管[W]bronchus[M]n. 支氣管[W]portal[M]n. 門﹐入口[W]entry[M]n. 進入﹔門口[W]principal[M]a. 主要的﹐最重要的[W]cluster[M]n. 一串﹐一束﹔一群[W]sac[M]n. 囊﹔液囊[W]alveolus[M]n. 肺泡[W]furnish[M]vt. 提供﹐供應[W]voluntary[M]a. 主觀意志所控制的[W]depth[M]n. 深度﹐深[W]comparatively[M]ad. 相對地﹐比較地[W]superficial[M]a. 淺的﹐表淺的[W]proportionately[M]ad. 成比例地﹐相稱地[W]impulse[M]n. 衝動﹐刺激[W]diaphragm[M]n. 隔膜﹐膈[W]conversely[M]ad. 相反﹐反過來[W]sex[M]n. 性別[W]slightly[M]ad. 稍微﹐輕微[W]circumstance[M]n. 情況[W]adult[M]n. 成年人[W]newborn[M]a. 新生的[W]infant[M]n. 嬰兒﹐幼兒[W]cellular[M]a. 細胞的[W]anatomically[M]ad. 解剖學上﹐結構上[W]confine[M]vt. 限制[W]uri[M]上呼吸道感染[W]passageway[M]n. 走廊﹔過道[W]travel[M]vi. 旅行﹔移動[W]membrane[M]n. 膜[W]rhinitis[M]n. 鼻炎[W]inflammation[M]n. 紅腫﹔發炎﹔炎症[W]pharyngitis[M]n. 咽炎[W]tracheitis[M]n. 氣管炎[W]pneumonia[M]n. 肺炎[W]list[M]vt. 列舉﹐編列成表[W]occurrence[M]n. 出現﹐發生[W]absorption[M]n. 吸收[W]intestinal[M]a. 腸的﹔內部的[W]mucosa[M]n. 粘膜[W]lymph[M]n. 淋巴﹐淋巴液[W]foregoing[M]a. 在前的﹐前述的[W]the foregoing[M]前文﹐前述事項[W]specifically[M]ad. 明確地﹔尤其[W]utilization[M]n. 利用﹐使用[W]merely[M]ad. 僅僅﹐只不過[W]preliminary[M]a. 預備的﹐初步的[W]metabolize[M]vt. <使>產生代謝變化[W]fuel[M]n. 燃料[W]mechanical[M]a. 機械的[W]catabolism[M]n. 分解代謝[W]anabolism[M]n. 組成代謝﹐合成代謝[W]construct[M]vt. 構成﹐建造[W]use up[M]耗盡﹐用完[W]roughly[M]ad. 粗略地﹔大體上[W]building-up[M]a. 組合的﹐合成的[W]constructive[M]a. 建造的﹐建設的[W]breaking-down[M]a. 毀壞的﹐分解的[W]destructive[M]a. 破壞的﹐分解的[W]miracle[M]n. 奇跡﹐神奇的事件[W]miraculous[M]a. 奇跡一樣的[W]mystify[M]vt. 使<人>驚奇[W]basal[M]a. 基礎的﹐基本的[W]tone[M]n. 緊張<度>﹔語調[W]metabolic[M]a. 新陳代謝的[W]awake[M]a. 清醒的﹔vt. 喚醒[W]relaxed[M]a. 鬆懈的﹐不拘束的[W]precede[M]vt. 領先﹐先于[W]preceding[M]a. 以前的﹐上述的[W]climate[M]n. 氣候[W]tension[M]n. 緊張﹐拉緊[W]relaxation[M]n. 鬆弛﹐鬆懈﹔休息[W]manual[M]a. 體力的﹐用手的[W]indoor[M]a. <在>室內的[W]sedentary[M]a. 坐著的[W]calorie[M]n. 卡<熱量單位> [W]automobile[M]n. 汽車﹐機動車[W]gasoline[M]n. 汽油<美>[W]furnace[M]n. 爐子﹔熔爐[W]blink[M]vi. 眨眼睛﹔閃爍[W]whatsoever[M]pron. & a. 無論什麼[W]potential[M]a. 潛在的﹔n. 潛能[W]length[M]n. 長﹐長度[W]centimeter[M]n. 厘米﹐公分[W]definition[M]n. 定義﹔界限[W]kilocalorie[M]n. 千卡﹐大卡[W]approximately[M]ad. 大約﹔近似[W]tobacco[M]n. 煙草﹐煙葉[W]soothe[M]vt. & vi. 安慰﹐減輕[W]hazard[M]n. 危害﹐損害[W]link[M]n. 連接﹐聯繫﹔vt. 連接[W]be linked to[M]同…有聯繫﹔伴有[W]loss[M]n. 喪失﹐損失﹔損耗[W]appetite[M]n. 食慾﹐胃口[W]nausea[M]n. 噁心﹐嘔吐[W]shortness[M]n. 短促﹐短﹐矮[W]shortness of breath[M]氣急﹐呼吸短促[W]irregularity[M]n. 不規則﹐不規律[W]cigarette[M]n. 紙煙﹐香煙[W]chronic[M]a. 慢性的﹔長期的[W]overwhelming[M]a. 絕大多數的[W]statistical[M]a. 統計的﹐統計學的[W]non-smoker[M]n. 不抽煙的人[W]conclusive[M]a. 明確的﹐結論性的[W]chew[M]vt. 咀嚼﹔嚼煙﹔深思[W]sniff[M]vt. & vi. 吮吸﹐用鼻吸[W]nicotine[M]n. 尼古丁﹐煙鹼[W]bind[M]vt. 包扎﹔附著﹐粘合[W]pyridine[M]n. 比啶﹐氮苯[W]ammonia[M]n. 氨﹐阿摩尼亞[W]ketone[M]n. 酮[W]aldehyde[M]n. 醛﹔乙醛[W]tar[M]n. 搭柏油﹐焦油[W]brownish[M]a. 帶褐色的[W]expose[M]vt. 使曝露﹔揭發[W]be exposed to[M]經受﹐接觸[W]saliva[M]n. 涎﹐唾液[W]afterward[M]ad. 後來﹔以後[W]swallow[M]vt. 吞下﹐嚥下[W]per cent[M]n. 百分之…[W]inhale[M]vt. 吸入[W]excrete[M]vt. 排泄﹔分泌[W]introduce[M]vt. 輸入﹐引進﹔介紹[W]dose[M]n. 劑量﹐用量[W]medulla[M]n. 髓質[W]oblongata[M]n. 延髓[W]medulla oblongata[M]延髓[W]reflex[M]n. 反射﹐反射作用[W]act upon[M]對…起作用﹔按照[W]slow up[M]減慢﹐減退[W]constrict[M]vt. 壓縮﹐使縮小[W]vomit[M]vt. 嘔吐﹔噴出[W]mildly[M]ad. 輕微地﹐溫和地[W]sedative[M]a. 鎮靜的﹐止痛的[W]calm[M]vt. 鎮靜﹔a. 平靜的[W]harmful[M]a. 有害的[W]branch out into[M]分成﹐分枝成[W]hairlike[M]a. 毛髮似的[W]cilia[M]n. 纖毛﹔睫[W]back and forth[M]前後來回地[W]sweep[M]vt. 掃﹐帶走[W]particle[M]n. 粒子﹐塵埃[W]upward[M]ad. 向上﹐上昇[W]dirt[M]n. 污物﹐污垢[W]slow down[M]減慢﹐減退[W]pack[M]n. 包﹐束﹔vt. 包裝[W]a pack of[M]一包[W]victim[M]n. 受害者﹔患者[W]resistance[M]n. 抵抗力﹔反抗﹐抵抗[W]ward[M]n. 守衛﹔vt. 保護﹐守衛[W]ward off[M]防止﹐擋住[W]pathogen[M]n. 病原體[W]factor[M]n. 因素﹐要素﹔因子[W]nonspecific[M]a. 非特異性的[W]moderate[M]a. 中等的﹐適度的[W]acidity[M]n. 酸性﹐酸度[W]unfavorable[M]a. 不適宜的﹐不利的[W]medium[M]n. 環境﹔媒介物﹔手段[W]cilium[M]n. 纖毛[W]hairlike cilium[M]毛髮狀的纖發[W]propel[M]vt. 推動﹐推進[W]outward[M]ad. 向外﹔外表上[W]alkalinity[M]n. 鹼濃度﹔鹼性[W]salinity[M]n. 鹽濃度﹐鹽分[W]inactivate[M]vt. 使不活動[W]envelop[M]vt. 包圍﹔裹住﹐封住[W]endothelial[M]a. 內皮的[W]node[M]n. 結﹔節[W]neutralize[M]vt. 中和﹔抵銷[W]precipitate[M]vi. 沉澱[W]stimulate[M]vt. 刺激﹔激發[W]lymphoid[M]a. 淋巴的或淋巴樣的[W]coryza[M]n. 普通感冒﹐鼻炎[W]influenza[M]n. 流行性感冒﹐流感[W]chickenpox[M]n. 水痘[W]measles[M]n. 痲疹[W]mumps[M]n. 流行性腮腺炎[W]poliomyelitis[M]n. 脊髓灰質炎[W]scarlet[M]a. 猩紅的﹐緋紅的[W]scarlet fever[M]猩紅熱[W]infancy[M]n. 嬰兒期﹔幼年期[W]pertussis[M]n. 百日咳[W]lifelong[M]a. 終身的﹐畢生的[W]immunization[M]n. 免疫[W]rabies[M]n. 狂犬病[W]rocky[M]a. 岩石的﹐多岩的[W]spot[M]vt. & vi. <使>變污[W]typhoid[M]n. 傷寒[W]passive[M]a. 被動的﹔消極的[W]attain[M]vt. & vi. 獲得﹔達到[W]inject[M]vt. 注射﹐注入[W]tend[M]vt. 趨向﹐走向[W]tend to[M]趨於﹐傾向于[W]renew[M]vt. 使更新﹔使恢復[W]infantile[M]a. 嬰兒的﹐幼兒的[W]diffuse[M]vi. 擴散﹔滲出[W]placenta[M]n. 胎盤[W]fetus[M]n. 胎﹐胎兒[W]injection[M]n. 注射﹔注射劑[W]serum[M]n. 血清[W]convalescent[M]a. 恢復期的[W]susceptible[M]a. 易感的﹐易受影響的[W]susceptible to[M]易患…的[W]exposure[M]n. 接觸﹔暴露[W]poison[M]n. 毒物﹐毒藥﹔毒害[W]immunize[M]vt. 使免疫﹐使免除[W]weaken[M]vt. 減弱[W]numerous[M]a. 許多﹐為數眾多的[W]relative[M]a. 相對的﹐相關的[W]absolute[M]a. 絕對的﹐獨立的[W]transportation[M]n. 運輸﹐運送[W]continual[M]a. 不斷的﹐連續的[W]billion[M]num. 萬億<英國﹑德國> [W]plasma[M]n. 血漿﹔原生質[W]interstitial[M]a. 組織間隙的﹐間質的[W]intracellular[M]a. 細胞內的[W]suspend[M]vt. & vi. 懸浮﹔吊[W]element[M]n. 成份﹔元素[W]formed[M]<血液>有形成份[W]designate[M]vt. 指明﹐標示[W]pickup[M]n. 拾起﹐收集[W]deliver[M]vt. 傳送﹔交付[W]delivery[M]n. 傳送﹔交付﹔分娩[W]target[M]n. 靶﹔目標[W]enzyme[M]n. 脢[W]buffer[M]n. 緩沖劑﹐緩沖[W]biochemical[M]a. 生物化學的﹐生化的[W]heat-regulating[M]a. 調節熱的[W]conductivity[M]n. 傳導性[W]appreciable[M]a. 可以感覺到的[W]core[M]n. 核﹔核心[W]readily[M]ad. 容易地﹐很快地[W]dissipate[M]vt. 使消散﹐擴散[W]functionally[M]ad. 功能上﹐機能上[W]ingenious[M]a. 精巧的﹐機靈的[W]efficient[M]a. 有效的﹐有能力的[W]quart[M]n. 夸脫[W]demand[M]n. & vt. 要求﹐需要[W]extra[M]a. 額外的﹐另外的[W]erythrocyte[M]n. 紅細胞[W]abundant[M]a. 豐富的﹐充裕的[W]pigment[M]n. 色素﹔v. 著色[W]acid-base[M]n. 酸-鹼[W]acid-base balance[M]酸-鹼平衡[W]lastly[M]ad. 最後[W]platelet[M]n. 血小板[W]thrombocyte[M]n. 血小板﹐凝血細胞[W]coagulation[M]n. 凝結[W]clot[M]v. 使凝結﹔使擁塞[W]interrelate[M]vt. & vi. <使>相互聯繫[W]distinct[M]a. 截然不同的﹐清楚的[W]plug[M]v. 塞﹐堵﹔n. 塞子[W]plug up[M]堵住﹐塞住[W]rupture[M]vt. <使>破裂[W]bleed[M]vi. 流血[W]pint[M]n. 品脫<等於1/2夸脫>[W]gallon[M]n. 加倫<等於4夸脫>[W]replacement[M]n. 還原﹔替換﹐取代[W]donor[M]n. 捐獻者﹐獻血者[W]recipient[M]n. 接受者﹐受血者[W]widely[M]ad. 廣泛地[W]miraculously[M]ad. 奇跡般地[W]antigen[M]n. 抗原[W]universal[M]a. 宇宙的﹔普遍的[W]clump[M]n. 團﹐塊﹔叢﹐簇[W]crosshatch[M]v. 交互配血[W]antisepsis[M]n. 防腐法﹐抗菌法[W]inherit[M]vt. 繼承[W]sail[M]v. 開船﹐啟航[W]sail through[M]順利地取得[W]a.b.[M]文學士[W]with flying colors[M]出色地﹐成功地[W]settle down[M]定居[W]settle down to[M]專心致志于[W]witness[M]vt. 親眼目睹﹐證明[W]ether[M]n. 乙醚﹐醚[W]b.m.[M]醫學士[W]fellow[M]n. 會員﹔夥伴﹔同事[W]royal[M]a. 皇家的﹐英國的[W]appreciate[M]vt. 意識到﹐懂得[W]technically[M]ad. 技術上﹐技能上[W]amputation[M]n. 截肢[W]discourage[M]vt. 使喪失信心[W]post-operative[M]a. 手術後的[W]putrefaction[M]n. 腐爛﹔腐敗[W]introduction[M]n. 輸入﹔介紹﹔導言[W]recall[M]vt. 回想﹐回憶[W]revelation[M]n. 啟示﹔新發現[W]reason[M]vt. 推理﹐思考[W]allow[M]vt. 允許﹔准許[W]search[M]v. 搜查﹐探索﹔n. 檢查[W]search for[M]尋找[W]agent[M]n. 作用藥劑﹐製劑[W]carbonic[M]a. 含碳的[W]carbonic acid[M]石炭酸[W]sewage[M]n. 污物﹐污水[W]convince[M]vt. 使確信﹐使信服[W]dilute[M]vt. 沖淡﹐稀釋[W]solution[M]n. 溶液﹔解決<辦法>[W]antiseptic[M]n. 抗菌劑﹔a. 無菌的[W]stage[M]n. 階段﹐時期﹐舞台[W]experimentation[M]n. 研究﹐實驗﹐試驗[W]technique[M]n. 技術﹐技能﹔方法[W]crucial[M]a. 關鍵性的﹐重要的[W]inevitably[M]ad. 不可避免地[W]survive[M]vi. 活下來﹐幸存[W]limb[M]n. 肢體﹐手足[W]aseptic[M]a. 無菌的﹐防腐的[W]modify[M]vt. 更改﹐修改﹔修飾[W]favour[M]n. 好意﹐支持﹐同意[W]in favour of[M]贊成﹐支持[W]asepsis[M]n. 無菌﹐無菌操作[W]deny[M]vt. 否認﹐否定﹔拒絕[W]sterilization[M]n. 消毒﹐滅菌[W]dressing[M]n. 調味品﹔敷料﹔敷裹﹔裝飾[W]gown[M]n. 白大褂﹐長外衣[W]glove[M]n. 手套[W]sepsis[M]n. 膿毒病﹐敗血[W]conquest[M]n. 征服﹔贏得[W]abscess[M]n. 膿腫[W]accidental[M]a. 意外的﹐偶然的[W]microorganism[M]n. 微生物[W]flu[M]n. 流感[W]for short[M]為簡略起見[W]contagious[M]a. <接觸>傳染的[W]filterable[M]a. 可濾過的﹐可濾的[W]uncomplicated[M]a. 不複雜的[W]secondary[M]a. 繼發性的﹔第二位的[W]bronchial[M]a. 支氣管的[W]lethal[M]a. 致命的﹐致死的[W]elderly[M]a. 上了年紀的[W]the elderly[M]老年人<指65歲以上> [W]subsequent[M]a. 隨後的﹐後來的[W]virulent[M]a. 致病力強的[W]epidemic[M]n. 流行病﹔a. 流行性的[W]lull[M]n. 間歇﹐暫停[W]outbreak[M]n. 流行﹐發作﹐爆發[W]resemble[M]vt. 類似于﹐象[W]weakness[M]n. 虛弱﹐軟弱[W]ache[M]vi. 痛﹔n. 疼痛[W]incubation[M]n. 潛伏[W]brief[M]a. 簡短的﹔短暫的[W]communicate[M]v. 傳染﹔通信﹔相通[W]depression[M]n. 沮喪抑鬱症[W]persist[M]vi. 持續﹔堅持[W]vaccine[M]n. 疫苗﹐菌苗[W]accordingly[M]ad. 因此﹔相應地[W]viral[M]a. 病毒的[W]nevertheless[M]ad. 然而﹐不過[W]advisory[M]a. 顧問的﹐咨詢的[W]cardiovascular[M]a. 心血管的[W]pregnant[M]a. 懷孕的﹔含蓄的[W]vaccinate[M]vt. 給…接種疫苗[W]periodically[M]ad. 週期性地﹐定期地[W]revaccinate[M]vt. 再給…接種疫苗[W]mutate[M]v. <使>突變﹔<使>變異[W]genetic[M]a. 遺傳的﹔發生的[W]make-up[M]n. 特徵﹔成份[W]rna[M]核糖核酸[W]culprit[M]n. 罪犯﹔冒犯者[W]southeast[M]n. 東南﹑東南部[W]southeast asia[M]東南亞[W]dub[M]vt. 稱為﹐取名為[W]traveller[M]n. 旅行者﹐旅客[W]spotlight[M]n. 公眾注意中心[W]notorious[M]a. 臭名昭著的[W]swine[M]n. 豬[W]swine flu[M]豬流感[W]variant[M]n. 變體﹐變種﹐變形[W]isolate[M]vt. 隔開﹐隔離[W]complain[M]vi. 抱怨﹐訴說[W]complain of[M]主訴[W]headache[M]n. 頭痛﹔頭痛的事[W]hack[M]vi. 斷續地乾咳[W]hacking cough[M]猛烈的乾咳[W]joint[M]n. 關節﹔接合﹐接頭[W]moisture[M]n. 潮濕﹐濕氣[W]ventilate[M]vt. 使通風﹐使通氣[W]lift[M]n. 電梯﹐起重機﹔vt. 吊[W]illness[M]n. 疾病﹐病患[W]creature[M]n. 生物[W]successively[M]ad. 一個接一個地[W]infective[M]a. 易傳染的﹐傳染性的[W]infectious[M]a. 傳染的﹐感染性的[W]painstaking[M]a. 艱苦的﹔辛勤的[W]killer[M]n. 殺人者﹐兇手[W]accident[M]n. 事故﹐意外的事[W]by accident[M]偶然[W]fall[M]n. 秋季﹔降落﹔v. 落下[W]basement[M]n. 地下室﹔底層[W]bacteriologist[M]n. 細菌學家[W]deadly[M]a. 非常﹐極度[W]plate[M]n. 培養皿﹔盤[W]flourish[M]v. 茂密﹐茂盛﹔繁榮[W]somehow[M]ad. 由於某種原因[W]multiply[M]v. 增加﹐繁殖[W]in vitro[M]在試管內[W]in vivo[M]在活體內[W]submit[M]vt. 呈送﹐提交[W]print[M]v. 印刷﹔n. 印刷品[W]journal[M]n. 刊物﹐雜誌﹔日記[W]account[M]n. 報告﹐報導[W]ignore[M]vt. 忽視﹐不顧[W]meanwhile[M]ad. 當時﹐與此同時[W]by chance[M]偶然[W]german[M]n. 德國人﹐德語[W]sulfa[M]a. 磺胺的﹔n. 磺胺類藥物[W]sulfa drug[M]磺胺類藥[W]dye[M]n. 染料﹐染色[W]dreaded[M]a. 令人畏懼的[W]leprosy[M]n. 痲風病[W]dramatically[M]ad. 顯著地﹔戲劇性地[W]untoward[M]a. 不良的﹐不利的[W]effect[M]n. 效力﹔作用﹔結果[W]side effect[M]副作用[W]disadvantage[M]n. 缺點﹔不利作用[W]resume[M]vt. 重新開始﹐再繼續[W]declare[M]vt. 宣佈﹐聲明[W]application[M]n. 應用﹐施用﹔申請[W]find application[M]獲得應用[W]crystal[M]n. 結晶體[W]unlike[M]prep. 不象…﹔a. 不同的[W]occasionally[M]ad. 偶然﹐不經常地[W]allergic[M]a. 變應性的﹐過敏性的[W]allergic to[M]對…過敏[W]untold[M]a. 無數的﹐數不清的[W]foremost[M]a. 最初的﹐最主要的[W]inhibit[M]vt. 抑制﹔阻止[W]streptomycin[M]n. 鏈霉素[W]aureomycin[M]n. 金霉素[W]terramycin[M]n. 土霉素[W]colony[M]n. 菌落﹐群體﹔殖民地[W]flat[M]a. 淺的﹔扁平的[W]fluffy[M]a. 絨毛狀的﹔蓬松的[W]spoil[M]vt. 搞糟﹔損壞[W]curious[M]a. 好奇的﹐仔細留心的[W]antagonist[M]n. 對手﹐拮抗物[W]penicillium notatum[M]特異青黴素[W]antagonistic[M]a. 對抗性的[W]discontinue[M]vt. & vi. 中止﹐中斷[W]transplantation[M]n. 移植﹔移植法[W]breakthrough[M]n. 突破﹐沖垮[W]heal[M]vt. & vi. 治癒﹐愈合[W]mend[M]vt. 縫補﹔修理[W]remove[M]vt. 摘除﹐去掉﹔移動[W]tonsillitis[M]n. 扁桃體炎[W]tonsil[M]n. 扁桃體﹐扁桃腺[W]inflame[M]vt. & vi. 使發炎[W]anesthetize[M]vt. 使麻醉﹐使麻木[W]appendix[M]n. 闌尾﹐蚓突﹔附錄[W]appendectomy[M]n. 闌尾切除術[W]as well as[M]以及﹔除了…之外<還> [W]pin[M]n. 針﹐別針﹔釘﹔銷子[W]promote[M]vt. 促進﹔助長[W]faulty[M]a. 有病變的﹔有缺點的[W]valve[M]n. 瓣膜﹔閥﹔活門[W]man-made[M]a. 人造的﹐人工的[W]successful[M]a. 成功的﹔結果良好的[W]successfully[M]ad. 成功地﹐出色地[W]graft[M]n. 移植<物>﹔vt. 移植[W]autograft[M]n. 自體移植<物或術> [W]enormous[M]a. 重大的﹐巨大的[W]species[M]n. 物種﹔種類[W]homograft[M]n. 同種移植<物或術> [W]human being[M]n. 人[W]chimpanzee[M]n. 黑猩猩[W]heterograft[M]n. 異種移植<物或術> [W]afflict[M]vt. 使苦惱﹐折磨[W]be afflicted with[M]患﹐受…折磨[W]regain[M]vt. 恢復﹔復得﹐收回[W]cornea[M]n. 角膜[W]reject[M]vt. 排斥﹐抵制﹔否決[W]rejection[M]n. 排斥﹐拒絕﹔否決[W]ordinarily[M]ad. 平常,在一般情況下[W]accept[M]vt. 接受﹔承認﹐認可[W]tendency[M]n. 趨向﹐傾向[W]fight off[M]抵抗﹐擊退[W]suppress[M]vt. 防止﹐阻止﹔抑制[W]immunosuppressive[M]a. 抑制免疫反應的[W]alien[M]a. 相異的﹐外來的[W]match[M]n. 對手﹐相配者﹔比賽[W]match with[M]使…和…相配<稱>[W]turn out[M]原來是﹐結果成為[W]spare part[M]備件﹐附件[W]tissue-type[M]組織類型[W]tissue-typing[M]組織分類[W]attributable[M]a. 可歸因的﹐可歸屬的[W]attributable to[M]可歸因于﹐由…引起[W]discovery[M]n. 發現﹔被發現的事物[W]anesthetic[M]n. 麻醉劑﹔a. 麻醉的[W]anesthetist[M]n. 麻醉醫生[W]anesthesiologist[M]n. 麻醉學家[W]toothache[M]n. 牙痛[W]tablet[M]n. 碑﹔匾額﹔小塊﹐小片﹔藥片[W]taste[M]n. 味覺﹔v. 嘗[W]lessen[M]vt. 減輕﹐減少﹔縮小[W]sensation[M]n. 感覺﹐知覺[W]analgesic[M]n. 止痛藥[W]relieve[M]vt. 減輕﹐解除[W]on this ground[M]因此﹐因此之故[W]symposium[M]n. 專題討論會﹐座談會[W]opium[M]n. 鴉片﹔麻醉劑[W]nitrous[M]n. 含有三價氮的[W]nitrous oxide[M]一氧化二氮<笑氣> [W]painless[M]a. 不痛的﹐無痛苦的[W]deserve[M]vt. 應受﹐值得[W]credit[M]n. 榮譽﹔信任﹔vt. 相信[W]credit with[M]可歸功于[W]demonstration[M]n. 示範﹐表演﹔論證[W]massachusetts[M]n. 麻薩諸塞<美國州名> [W]boston[M]n. 波士頓<美國城市>[W]scottish[M]a. 蘇格蘭的﹔n. 蘇格蘭人[W]chloroform[M]n. 氯仿[W]childbirth[M]n. 分娩﹐生小孩[W]queen[M]n. 女王﹔王后[W]avert[M]vt. 防止﹐避開[W]signal[M]n. 信息﹐信號﹔vt. 標誌[W]induce[M]vt. 誘導﹔引起﹐導致[W]spray[M]vt. 噴﹔n. 浪花﹐噴霧[W]gel[M]n. 凝膠[W]lidocaine[M]n. 利多卡因<局部麻醉> [W]lidocaine gel[M]利多卡因凝膠<表面…> [W]ethyl chloride[M]n. 氯乙烷<表面麻醉劑> [W]rub[M]vt. 擦﹐擦上﹔摩擦[W]lining[M]n. 裡層﹐襯裡[W]nerve[M]n. 神經[W]ending[M]n. 末梢﹐末端﹔結尾[W]nerve endings[M]神經末梢[W]suitable[M]a. 合適的﹐適宜的[W]be suitable for[M]適用于[W]gastrostomy[M]n. 胃造口術[W]commonly[M]ad. 通常﹐一般[W]procaine[M]n. 普魯卡因[W]cerebrospinal[M]a. 腦脊髓的[W]ganglion[M]n. 節﹔神經節[W]performance[M]n. 施行﹔進行﹔演出[W]obstetrics[M]n. 產科學﹐助產術[W]majority[M]n. 多數﹐大多數[W]hospitalize[M]vt. 把…送入醫院治療[W]premeditation[M]n. 術前用藥[W]prior[M]a. 在先的﹐在前的[W]prior to[M]在…之前[W]achieve[M]vt. 達到﹐得到﹔完成[W]unconsciousness[M]n. 失去知覺﹐昏迷[W]halt[M]vt. 使停止﹔防止[W]exert[M]vt. 施加﹐行使[W]propose[M]vt. 提出﹐提議﹔推薦[W]intravenously[M]ad. 靜脈注射地[W]milkmaid[M]n. 擠奶女工[W]prick[M]vt. 扎穿﹐刺穿[W]dare[M]v. 敢[W]daring[M]a. & n. 大膽<的>[W]purpose[M]n. 目的﹐意圖﹔效用[W]anti-cowpox[M]a. 抗牛痘的[W]wear off[M]逐漸減弱﹐消失[W]incidentally[M]ad. 偶然地[W]native[M]a. 本國的﹐本土的[W]comparison[M]n. 比較﹐對照[W]instructive[M]a. 有教益的﹐有啟發的[W]grown-up[M]n. 成年人的﹐成熟的[W]haphazard[M]a. 無計劃的﹐隨意的[W]lay out[M]擬訂﹔佈置﹐安排[W]playmate[M]n. 游戲的夥伴[W]visual[M]a. 視覺的﹐目視的[W]visual aids[M]直觀教具[W]mastery[M]n. 精通﹐掌握﹔控制[W]gifted[M]a. 有天賦的﹐有才華的[W]inexact[M]a. 不準確的﹐不精確的[W]account for[M]說明﹐解釋﹔佔[W]flexible[M]a. 靈活的﹔柔韌的[W]flexibility[M]n. 靈活性﹐柔韌性[W]hold water[M]有理﹐說得通[W]argue[M]vt. 爭辯﹔論證[W]especially[M]ad. 特別﹐格外[W]behaviour[M]n. 行為﹐舉止[W]pronunciation[M]n. 發音﹐發音法[W]intonation[M]n. 語調﹐聲調[W]drink in[M]全神貫注地聽﹐欣賞[W]bubble[M]vi. 發出氣泡﹐起泡[W]ever-bubbling[M]不斷涌出的[W]assimilation[M]n. 同化﹔吸收﹔消化[W]as it were[M]可以說[W]advantage[M]n. 有利條件﹐優點[W]gesture[M]n. 手勢﹔姿勢[W]facial[M]a. 面部的[W]unnatural[M]a. 不自然的﹔人工的[W]scorching[M]a. 灼熱的[W]desire[M]n. & vt. 願望﹔要求[W]fulfill[M]vt. 完成﹔滿足﹔履行[W]relation[M]n. 家屬﹐親屬﹔關係[W]take great pains[M]煞費苦心﹐花大氣力[W]awkward[M]a. 不熟練的﹐笨拙的[W]encouragement[M]n. 鼓勵﹔獎勵品[W]merry[M]a. 有趣的﹔愉快的[W]overlook[M]vt. 忽視[W]faultless[M]a. 無過失的﹔完善的[W]accuracy[M]n. 準確﹐精確[W]unnecessarily[M]ad. 不必要地[W]sprinkle[M]vt. 洒水[W]plunge[M]vt. 將…投入水中[W]elaborate[M]a. 詳細的﹔精心製作的[W]preface[M]n. 序言﹐前言﹐緒言[W]pattern[M]n. 模型﹐典範[W]imply[M]vt. 暗示﹐意指[W]design[M]vt. 計劃﹐預定[W]underlie[M]vt. 位於…的下面[W]linguistic[M]a. 語言的[W]explanatory[M]a. 解釋的﹐說明的[W]introductory[M]a. 介紹的﹐引導的[W]for the most part[M]多半﹐通常[W]omit[M]vt. 省略﹐刪去[W]sufficient[M]a. 足夠的﹐充份的[W]memorise[M]vt. 記住﹐熟記<memorize=memorise> [W]repetition[M]n. 重複﹐反復[W]usage[M]n. 使用﹐用法﹔慣用法[W]grammatical[M]a. 語法的﹐符合語法的[W]imitation[M]n. 模仿﹐摹擬[W]frequent[M]a. 經常的﹐頻繁的[W]resort[M]n. 採取的手段﹐求助[W]publish[M]vt. 發表﹔出版﹔公佈[W]origin[M]n. 起源﹔由來[W]selection[M]n. 選擇﹐挑選[W]evolve[M]vi. 進化﹔生長﹔發育[W]nonhuman[M]a. 非人類的[W]primate[M]n. 靈長目動物[W]descend[M]vi. 下降﹔傳下[W]be descended from[M]是…的後裔﹐系出[W]ape[M]n. 猿﹐類人猿[W]geological[M]a. 地質學的[W]sensible[M]a. 明顯的﹔感覺得到的[W]notion[M]n. 概念﹔見解﹔想法[W]content[M]a. 滿足的﹔n. 內容[W]bible[M]n. 聖經[W]religion[M]n. 宗教﹔信仰[W]authoritarian[M]a. 權威主義的[W]camp[M]n. 陣營﹔野營[W]evolutionist[M]n. 進化論者[W]creationist[M]n. 神靈論者﹐上帝論者[W]solar[M]a. 太陽的﹐日光的[W]champion[M]vt. 擁護﹐支持﹔n. 冠軍[W]god[M]n. 上帝﹐神[W]fall short of[M]辜負﹔達不到﹔缺乏[W]expectation[M]n. 期望﹐期待[W]blindly[M]ad. 盲目地﹐輕率地[W]evolutionary[M]a. 進化的[W]similarity[M]n. 類似﹐相似[W]fascinate[M]vt. 迷住,強烈地吸引住[W]fit...into[M]使…適應于[W]ecological[M]a. 生態的﹐生態學的[W]niche[M]n. 小生境﹐生態位[W]teem[M]vi. 充滿﹐豐富[W]teeming[M]a. 豐富的[W]dock[M]vi. 靠碼頭[W]amass[M]vt. 積累﹐收集[W]meticulous[M]a. 細緻的﹐過細的[W]possibility[M]n. 可能﹐可能性[W]naturalist[M]n. 博物學家[W]independently[M]ad. 獨自地﹐單獨地[W]reluctantly[M]ad. 勉強地[W]argument[M]n. 辯論﹐爭論﹔認據[W]adapt[M]vt. 使適應﹐使適合[W]adaptation[M]n. 適應性﹔適應[W]sharpness[M]n. 鋒利﹐銳利[W]ferocious[M]a. 兇惡的﹐凶猛的[W]beast[M]n. 獸﹐野獸[W]jungle[M]n. 叢林﹐密林﹔原始林[W]equally[M]ad. 相同地﹐同樣地[W]adequate[M]n. 適當的﹐充份的[W]concise[M]a. 簡明的﹐簡要的[W]statement[M]n. 陳述﹐說明﹔聲明[W]diagram[M]n. 圖解﹐圖表[W]table[M]n. 表格﹐項目表[W]glance[M]n. 一瞥[W]at a glance[M]一眼[W]middle age[M]中世紀[W]experimental[M]a. 實驗上的[W]proof[M]n. 證據﹐證明﹐論證[W]program[M]n. 節目﹔計劃﹐規劃[W]geneva[M]n. 日內瓦<瑞士城市> [W]switzerland[M]瑞士[W]family planning[M]計劃生育[W]institute[M]n. <研究>所﹐學院[W]academy[M]n. 研究院﹔學會[W]memo[M]n. 備忘錄[W]officially[M]ad. 正式地﹐官方地[W]approval[M]n. 批准﹔讚同﹐同意[W]india[M]n. 印度[W]anticipate[M]vt. 期望﹔預料[W]clearance[M]n. 許可證[W]shortly[M]ad. 立刻﹐不久[W]enclose[M]vt. 圍住﹔把…封入[W]participant[M]n. 參加者﹐參與者[W]draft[M]n. 草案﹐草稿[W]agenda[M]n. 議事日程﹐提綱[W]document[M]n. 公文﹐文件﹔證件[W]despatch[M]vt. 發送﹐派遣﹐寄出[W]economy[M]n. 經濟﹔節省[W]residence[M]n. 居住﹐住處[W]deviation[M]n. 偏離﹔繞道﹐繞航[W]per diem[M]<拉>n. 每日[W]allowance[M]n. 津貼或補助費﹔允許[W]payment[M]n. 支付﹔支付的款項[W]visa[M]n. 簽証[W]transit[M]n. 通過﹔過境﹔vt. 通過[W]reservation[M]n. 預定<旅館房間等>[W]inclusive[M]a. 包含的﹐包含在內的[W]rail[M]n. 鐵軌﹔鐵路[W]alternatively[M]ad. 另外﹐此外[W]presently[M]ad. 現在﹐目前[W]attach[M]vt. 附加﹐隨附[W]sincerely[M]ad. 真誠地﹐真摯地[W]yours sincerely[M]您忠誠的<信末客套語> [W]signature[M]n. 署名﹐簽名[W]executive[M]a. 行政上的﹔n. 行政官[W]p.s.[M]<信末的>附言﹐再者[W]attestation[M]n. 證明﹐證實﹔證據[W]facilitate[M]vt. 使…便利﹐促進[W]obtention[M]n. 獲得[W]encls[M]附件﹐內封物<縮>[W]indicate[M]vt. 指出﹐指示﹐表示[W]invitation[M]n. 邀請﹐招待﹔請貼[W]privilege[M]n. 優惠﹔榮幸﹔特權[W]deem[M]vt. 認為﹐相信[W]issue[M]n. 問題﹐爭論點﹐期[W]eagerness[M]n. 急切的心情﹐渴望[W]previous[M]a. 以前的﹐先[W]convenience[M]n. 便利﹔方便[W]certificate[M]n. 執照﹐證<明>書[W]gratitude[M]n. 感謝﹐感激[W]regard[M]n. 注意﹐<復>致意[W]with best regards[M]此致敬禮<信末客套語> [W]inform[M]vt. 告訴﹐通知[W]director-general[M]總幹事﹔理事長[W]approve[M]vt. 批准﹐通過﹔贊成[W]grant[M]n. 補助金﹐津貼[W]fund[M]vt. 為…提供資金[W]institution[M]n. 協會﹔學校﹐機構[W]collaborate[M]vi. 協作﹐合作[W]fertility[M]n. 肥沃﹔能育性[W]collaborative[M]a. 協作的﹐合作的[W]pharmaceutical[M]a. 藥物的﹐藥學的[W]chicago[M]芝加哥<美國城市>[W]sri lanka[M]斯裡蘭卡[W]acceptance[M]n. 接受﹐領受﹔承認[W]duplicate[M]a. 副的,複製的﹔n. 副本[W]cable[M]vi. 發電報[W]undated[M]a. 無定期的[W]administrative[M]a. 行政的﹐管理的[W]officer[M]n. 官員﹐高級職員[W]promotion[M]n. 促進﹐增進[W]disposal[M]n. 處理﹔配置﹔控制[W]at one's disposal[M]由某人支配[W]scourge[M]n. 災難﹐禍害﹔vt. 蹂躪[W]achievement[M]n. 成就﹐成勣﹔完成[W]invention[M]n. 發明﹐創造﹔發明物[W]device[M]n. 器械﹔裝置﹔設計[W]sphygmomanometer[M]n. 血壓計[W]pressure[M]n. 壓﹔壓力[W]electrocardiograph[M]n. 心<動>電圖描記器[W]cg[M]心<動>電圖描記器<縮>[W]eeg[M]腦<動>電圖描記器<縮>[W]hand in hand[M]手拉手地﹐同時發生地[W]go hand in hand with[M]與…密切聯結在一起[W]radioisotope[M]n. 放射性同位素[W]trace[M]vt. 跟蹤﹐追蹤﹔n. 蹤跡[W]tracer[M]n. 追蹤者﹐示蹤物[W]so far[M]到目前為止﹐迄今為止[W]toxoid[M]n. 類毒素[W]threaten[M]vt. 威脅﹐恐嚇[W]life-threatening[M]威脅生命的[W]insulin[M]n. 胰島素[W]diabetes[M]n. 糖尿病[W]doom[M]vt. 註定﹐命定﹔n. 厄運[W]be doomed to[M]註定要[W]formerly[M]ad. 以前﹐從前[W]folic acid[M]n. 葉酸[W]incorporate[M]vt. 合併﹐結合﹔收編[W]coenzyme[M]n. 輔脢[W]remarkable[M]a. 顯著的﹔值得注意的[W]adenosine[M]n. 腺﹐腺嘌呤核[W]triphosphate[M]n. 三磷酸鹽[W]conceive[M]vt. 想象﹐設想[W]pituitary[M]n. 垂體<腦>﹐腦下腺[W]synthetic[M]a. 合成的﹐人造的[W]steroid[M]n. 甾族化合物﹐類固醇[W]gonad[M]n. 性腺﹐生殖腺[W]artificially[M]ad. 人工地﹐人造地[W]cortisone[M]n. 腎上腺皮質激素[W]acth[M]<縮>腎上腺皮質激素[W]stride[M]n. 進展﹐進步﹔v. 跨過[W]pave[M]vt. 鋪﹐筑路[W]pave the way for[M]為…鋪平道路﹔導致[W]undreamed of[M]a. 夢想不到的﹐意外的[W]microsurgery[M]n. 顯微外科﹔顯微手術[W]no longer[M]'不再[W]reality[M]n. 現實﹐真實存在的事[W]traffic[M]n. 交通﹔通行[W]subsequently[M]ad. 隨後﹐後來[W]discipline[M]n. 學科﹔紀律[W]await[M]vt. 有待于﹐期待[W]with a view to[M]目的在於﹐以便[W]radium[M]n. 鐳[W]trial[M]n. 試用﹐試驗﹔審判[W]take over[M]代替﹔接管﹐接任[W]reattach[M]vt. 重新接上[W]conquer[M]vt. 征服﹐攻克﹐戰勝[W]minimize[M]vt. 使減到最小。

医学英语阅读uint2中英对照

医学英语阅读uint2中英对照

第一篇人体疾病第一章对人体的简要概述使我们对两个被认为是医学基础的不同学科有了初步认识,这两个学科就是解剖学与生理学。

然而不把病理学包括进去,这种概述是不完整的,因为病理学是研究疾病引起的结构和功能变化的学科。

实际上,现代对疾病的研究方法强调病理学与生理学的密切关系,并强调在治疗任何人体疾病时了解病理学与生理学基础的必要性。

The brief survey of the human body in Chapter One has given us a glimpse into two different studies that are considered the fundamentals of medical sciences, namely anatomy and physiology. However, the picture is not plete without considering pathology, the science that deals with the structural and functional changes produced by the disease. In fact, the modern approach to the study of disorder emphasizes the close relationship of the pathological and physiological aspects and the need to understand the fundamentals of each in treating any body diseases.那么什么是疾病呢?它可以被定义为正常机能或者部分机能遭受损害时的一种状态。

每一种生物,无论植物还是动物,都会生病。

例如,人类常常被微小的细菌感染,但是细菌又转而可能被更加微小的病毒感染。

代医学英语综合教程Ⅱ—关注健康填空题

代医学英语综合教程Ⅱ—关注健康填空题

1. A break in the continuity of the skin by a wound or injury of any kind, may be followed by serious infection.1。

一个打破连续体的皮肤伤口或任何形式的损伤,可能是其次是严重感染。

2. Having a permanent, uncorrectable physical defect does not mean that a person is without health if he or she has made a positive and effective adaptation to it.有一个永久性的,不能修复的物理缺陷并不意味着一个人没有健康,如果他或她有一种积极的、有效的适应它。

3. Enzymes are complex proteins which act as catalytic agents, that is, they increase the speed of chemical reactions without being changed themselves.。

酶是复杂的蛋白质,作为催化代理,也就是说,他们提高化学反应速度没有改变自己。

If we are familiar with 4.certain signs which may be indicative of early cancer, they could be reported immediately before the conditions can spread.。

4.如果我们熟悉某些迹象可能表明早期癌症,他们可以立即报告在条件可以传播。

5. Atoms are inconceivably small particles that form the building blocks of matter, the smallest complete units of which all matter is made.5。

高三年级英语 话题2:健康--基础知识

高三年级英语      话题2:健康--基础知识
• First of all, we must ensure that weh_a__v_e_a_h_e_a_l_t_h_y_d_i_e_t, which will help our body get enough__n_u_t_ri_t_io_n__. In addition, we should___d_e_v_e_lo_p__e_x_c_el_l_en__t _li_v_in__g_h_a_b_i_ts_, such as drinking more water and doing more _e_x_e_r_c_i_se___. Especially during this special period, we can do rope skipping and do gymnastics at home. What’s more, we should_k_e_ep__a_r_e_g_u_l_a_r_s_ch__ed_u__le. We cannot_s_t_a_y_u_p__la_t_e, because adequate sleeping time and_g_o_o_d_-_q_u_a_l_it_y__sl_e_e_p____ are very important for our health. Last but not least, why not keep a_p_o_s_i_ti_v_e___ and optimistic attitude at any time? Believe that we can stay healthy, and then we really can!
语境填词
How Can We Stay Healthy Physically and Mentally?
• In recent years, a novel coronavirus, whichis_h_a_r_m_f_u_l_to__people’s health, has attacked the world. Therefore, I would like to talk about how we teenagers can improve our_i_m_m__u_n_i_ty__ .

医学英语课文翻译unit

医学英语课文翻译unit

Unit1肺和肾的功能肺的血管系统肺从两个血管系统----支气管循环系统和肺循环系统获得血液供应。

它的营养血液来自于支气管循环系统,流向肺部除肺泡外的所有组织,因为支气管循环系统始于主动脉及上肋间动脉,接受大约1%的心输出量。

大约三分之一的支气管循环的静脉输出流入全身静脉,然后回到右心房。

剩余的输出流入肺静脉,并在心脏最小静脉的作用下,在正常情况下,以1%-2%的量自右向左分流。

肺动脉系统沿着气道从肺门向外周延伸,向下连接下段气道(直径大约2毫米)的动脉,它们壁薄且富有弹性。

从这儿开始,动脉成肌肉化发展,直至其达到30微米,此时肌层消失。

因为这些小肌肉动脉起着积极控制肺部血流分布的作用,所以大部分动脉压降产生在这些小肌肉动脉中。

肺小动脉将血液排空,送入广泛分布的毛细血管网,进入肺静脉。

肺静脉的壁很薄,它们最终在肺门处与动脉和支气管汇合,出肺进入左心房。

肾结构成分人类肾脏在解剖学上位于腹膜后隙,与下胸椎和上腰椎平行。

每个成年人的肾脏大约重150克,长、宽、厚分别为12厘米、6厘米以及3厘米。

肾脏的冠状部分分为/由两个明确的区域(组成)。

外周部的皮质大约1厘米厚,深部的髓质由几个肾锥体构成。

这些锥体状结构的底部位于皮髓质结合处。

锥体的顶部伸入肾门,称为肾**。

每个肾**被一个肾小盏包裹。

肾小盏与肾大盏相聚组成肾盂。

经肾**流出的尿液汇集在肾盂,通过输尿管排入膀胱。

由主动脉分支出来的肾总动脉为两肾输送血液。

肾总动脉通常分为两个主侧支,这两个侧支又进一步分为叶动脉,为肾脏上、中、下区域供应血液。

当这些血管进入肾实质,变成叶间动脉通向肾皮质时,(这些血管)又进一步细分。

细分后的更小血管在皮髓质结合处成为竖支--弓状动脉。

从弓状动脉伸出的叶间动脉进入皮质。

由于传入小动脉始于这些末端叶间动脉,所以为肾小球毛细血管输送血液。

组织学上,肾脏是由一个叫做“肾单位”的基本单位组成。

每个肾脏约含有一百万个肾单位,“肾单位”有两个主要成分:过滤成分―紧包着毛细血管网(肾小球)和一个附着在上面的小管组成。

新世纪医学英语教程(社会医学)第二、第三单元课文翻译

新世纪医学英语教程(社会医学)第二、第三单元课文翻译

Unit2 AAmerica is experiencing a major epidemictoday.现今美国正在经历一场重要的流行病。

Unlike epidemics of the past, it is not a disease transmitted by bacteria or viruses. 不同于过去的流行病,它不是由细菌或病毒传染的疾病。

This epidemic is an increase in diseases and problems related to stress, and it touches all of our lives. 这个流行病的增加是与压力有关的疾病和问题引起的,它涉及我们生活的方方面面。

In 1900 t he average life expectancy in this country was 47, and the major killer diseases included tuberculosis pneumonia,influenza, cholera, typhoid, and smallpox ——infectious diseases which struck people of all ages, regardless of their lifestyle. 1900年,这个国家的平均预期寿命为47岁,其主要致命疾病包括肺结核肺炎,流行性感冒,霍乱,伤寒,天花-这些传染性疾病袭击了所有年龄层的人,不管他们的生活方式怎样。

Today,on the other hand,life expectancyhas been extended to 74, thanks in large part to the conquest of the acute infectious disease through improved sanitation, better distribution and storage of foods, and the introduction of immunization and antibiotics. 如今,在另一方面,预期寿命已延长至74岁,这在很大程度上是由于对于急性传染病的征服,通过改善卫生条件,更好地分配和储存食物,以及引进免疫方法和抗生素。

翻译答案

翻译答案

Unit 1The view that underlies this book is of translation as a process, involving the negotiation of meaning between producers and receivers of texts. In other words, the resulting translated text is to be seen as evidence of a transaction, a means of retracing the pathways of the translators’ decision-making procedures. In the same way, the source text is an end-product and again should be treated as evidence of a writer’s intended meaning rather than as the embodiment of the meaning itself. In translating metaphor, for example, there is little point in seeking to match target-language words with those in the source-language in isolation from a consideration of the writer’s whole world-view. Occurrences of metaphor have a cumulative effective which suggests a particular perception of reality and it is this which the translator seeks to capture.In this sense, texts can be seen as the result of motivated choice: producers of texts have their own communicative aims and select lexical items and grammatical arrangement to serve those aims. Naturally, in translating, there are potentially two sets of motivations: those of the producer of the source text and those of the translators.本书的基本观点是,翻译是一个过程,其中包括文章作者和读者在意义上的沟通。

学术英语(医学)-单词填空及参考答案

学术英语(医学)-单词填空及参考答案

学术英语〔医学〕课后词组Unit11.overload神经过载2.a typical典型的诊所就诊3.DEXA DEXA扫描行医5. control血压控制6.health健康保持7. report乳房X线检查报告8. examination体检9. of a medication药物的副作用10.perpetual永久的恐慌11. physicians职业医生12. field移植领域13.medical医疗预算扑热息痛药片15. cap防孩子打开的盖子16. clinical trial随机临床试验17.Random随机分配18.patient病人的预后19. group对照组20.a10-year study10年的跟踪研究21.a medical内科病房传染性肝炎23.Severe身体严重不适24.bilirubin胆红素代谢damage永久的肝损伤加重病理生理状况27.Medical医学文献临床调查29. of relapse复发率临床流行病学严格的卧床休息32.hospital住院反复发作的黄疸34.clinical临床病程35 morphine静脉注射吗啡36 blood pressure舒张压大脑血灌输38. care初级保健39.aorto-coronary arterial 主动脉冠状动脉旁路40. treatment decision知情治疗决41.an international group 一个国际人道组织42.the Red红十字会43.The first major effort第一次重大援助工作44 of war战争中的人员伤亡45. relief efforts紧急援助、Unit21 disease(再现疾病)2.new flu新流感变种3.antibiotics and抗生素和疫苗4. disease传染病5 disease新现疾病6 strategy预防策略7.bubonic腺鼠疫8. microbes病原微生物9.public heath 公共卫生机构抗药性of antibiotic therapy抗生素治疗疗程猩红热13.the level of 毒性水平14.flu流感大流行15.surface外表抗原16. shift基因改变神经性并发症18.waning of 免疫力减弱19.public health公共卫生基础设施20.a malaria一个疟疾病例21. flu猪流感22. bacillus结核杆菌of morbidity发病率水平24.health保健专业人士25 tuberculosis潜伏结核病结核素皮试27. programmes筛查计划28. gamma testsγ干扰素测试29.drug药物毒性30.an disease一种可治愈的病31, infectious disease难治的传染病32.an unknown一种未知的病原体33.chronic gastric 慢性胃溃疡34 to carries of disease接触带病者35,genetic基因重组36.agent of 生物恐怖活动病原37. infections通过食物传播的传染病Unit31.the surge of肾上腺素激增2.an internal medicine 内科实习期disease自体免疫4.loss of丧失持久力5. weakness短暂的虚弱6.becoming卧床不起7.a building基本构件8.an animal动物模型9.to slow 减缓神经退化10.to toxins排除毒素11.to nutrition优化营养毒素载量13.the risk of复发危险14.physician医生自我实验15.a clinical 临床试验16. electrical stimulation神经肌肉电刺激理疗师18.the impact of微量营养素的影响19.brain脑功能2 the emotional flow跟踪情绪波动21 of emotions情绪协调22. reactions心血管反应23.feeling of t亲密感觉情绪传染27.a生物心理单元28.emotional情感慰藉resonance 功能性磁共振成像30.to brain zones激活该脑部区域31.to make it使之成为强制性project无把握的项目33.medical background医学背景4.proof of概念验证35.dose剂量方案36. or concomitant conditions 并发症与合并症37 agents抗肿瘤的药剂标准疗法39. properties药理学特性溶解性差41. pharmacology体内药理学Unit41.medicine补充医学2. medicine替代医学3.a medical医疗模式4. and herbs针灸和草药treatment辅助治疗6. a and vomiting恶心,呕吐7. dental pain术后牙痛. trials临床试验9. therapy物理疗法,理疗10 modalities治疗方法11.a therapeutic治疗干预12.Research design研究设计13.magnetic e磁共振tomography正电子发射型电脑断层成像15 effect止痛效果16.biomedical生物医学界17. unit康复中心18. acupuncturist持照针灸师19.therapeutic治疗策略20.herbal草药配方21.a wide array of各式各样的并发症22. East-West medicine中西医结合23. abdominal pain急性腹痛24.to medicines施药,用药25.surgical外科手术26.scientific科学评估27. statistics患病率统计prevalence28. therapies传统疗法29. models of care询证医学模式30.stress压力处理31 nervous system周围神经系统.peripheral32.physiologic生理机制33.mechanistic and studies 机制和复原式研究34. research效益研究35.clinical临床结果36. and clinical studies临床前及临床研究37 mechanisms可能的机制38 therapies推拿治疗39. medicine顺势疗法40. medicine自然疗法41. and yoga冥想与瑜伽Unit51.a health健康危机2.physical s身体症状3.Energy and能量和活力4.be completely I from sth.对某事完全免疫5. of falseness虚假的病毒6.stressful有压力的生活方式7. t emotion健全的感情8. health脆弱的健康9.to our mind,body and spirit平衡心理、身体和精神10. life精神生活11.the to wellness通向身心健康的“路障”12. emotions被压抑的感情13. feelings and emotion真情实感14. l influences心理影响human beings十全十美的人16. teeth蛀牙17 professor营养教授18.burgeoning迅速膨胀的腰围19. water瓶装水20.caloric热量摄入21.to curb节制食欲22.grains and谷物和蛋白质儿童肥胖症24 protein精益蛋白质25. habits饮食习惯26. of life生活质量27. category乳制品类28.prevention of 糖尿病的预防29.sodium钠的含量Unit61. homes养老院2 care临终关心3.congestive heart充血性心衰24小时随叫随到5 care unit冠心病监护室6.to to treatment对治疗有反应7.skilled nursing专业护理机构8. care生命终末期护理9. care舒适护理10.hospital planner出院计划专员11 care症状护理12 care姑息疗法13. illness绝症14.chronic obstructive disease慢性阻塞性肺病15. treatments实验性治疗16.spiritual精神参谋17.to all treatment终止所有治疗18.to go through经历透析19.A PAP 巴氏涂片检查relationship医患关系21.to provide 提供常规医护22. examinations预防性检查23.off the path离开熟路,另辟蹊径24.to into a shape塑形25.To a prescription照旧处方再开药26.in vitro体外受精27. biology基础生物学research胚胎干细胞研究29.to with an outside与圈外人合作baby试管婴儿31. sciences生殖科学32.to administer施用激素33.to isolate eggs别离未成熟卵子34. observations经验观察35. work首创研究36.a fibre-optic光导纤维内窥镜37. guidelines伦理原则38.societal社会关注39. couples不孕不育夫妇40. disease遗传疾病囊泡性纤维症42.ethical伦理困境Unit71.a nursing护士站2. machines生命维持系统3 fort 舒适护理措施4.to treatments停止治疗5. decision-making process家长式决策程序6.patient给病人授权7.medical医学伦理学家伦理准则9.clinical临床理念10. care以病人为中心的护理11.patient病人自主权12.treatment治疗选择13. purview专属领域14. decisions紧急状况下做的决定15.physician对医生的限制16. and confusion焦虑与困惑17.ethical违背伦理18.family家庭医疗19.widespread广泛转移20. treatment积极治疗21 lesion原发病灶22.to recommend 建议随访23.electronic电子病历24.pulmonary肺栓塞25 puterized电脑断层扫描CT双侧浸润27.a X-ray X线胸片28.left pneumonia左下肺叶肺炎29. breathing呼吸困难30.the hospice临终关心团队31. illness慢性病32 aspects社会心理学领域33.evidence-based循证临床指南a plan of care实施治疗方案Unit81.human人体研究对象2. research生物医学研究3.accepted公认的治疗4.a formal正式方案5.the principle of有利原则6.the principle of公正原则7. agents有自主能力的行为者8. autonomy自主性减弱9.be risk of harm使……面临受害危险10.Hippocratic希波克拉底誓言11.fairness in分配的公正性rmed知情同意13.fair and outcomes公正的程序和结果14.the table手术台15.an ethical伦理责任16.a neurosurgeon儿科神经外科医生pediatric17.to the surgery做手术血流19. care重症监护20. father义父21. father生父22. needs心理需要23. judgment医学判断24. therapy职业疗法25.to meningitis感染脑膜炎26.to die of an 死于感染27.blood血管28.imbalances in循环的不平衡29.the of human research subjects人类研究对象的安宁30.to approve or all research activit ies批准或不批准所有的研究活动31.to review a审查一个研究计划32.at risk of civil or criminal有民事或刑事责任的危险参考答案Unit 11. neuron 神经2. office visit(诊所)就诊3. scan 扫描4. medical practice 行医5. blood pressure 血压6. maintenance(健康)保持7. mammogram 乳房X线8. physical 身体9. side effect 副作用10. panic 恐慌11. practicing 执业12. transplant 移植13. budget 预算14. tablet 药片15. childproof 防孩子16. randomized 随机17. allocation(随机)分配18. prognosis 预后19. control 对照20. follow-up 跟踪21. ward 病房22. hepatitis 肝炎23. malaise 身体不适24. metabolism 代谢肝26.pathophysiology 病理生理27. literature 文献28. investigation 调查29. incidence 率30. epidemiology 流行病学31. bed rest 卧床休息32. hospital stay 住院33. jaundice 黄疸34. course 病程35. intravenous 静脉注射36. diastolic 舒张37. perfusion 灌注38. primary 初级39. bypass(冠脉)旁路40. informed 知情41. humanitarian 人道主义42. the Red Cross 红十字会43. relief 援助44. casualty 人员伤亡45. emergency 紧急Unit 21. re-emerging 再现2. strain 变种3. vaccine 疫苗4. infectious 传染性的5. emerging 新出现6. prevention 预防7. plague 鼠疫8. pathogenic 病原的9. authorities 机构10. drug resistanc 抗药性11. course 疗程12. scarlet fever 猩红热13. virulence 毒性14. pandemic 大流行15. antigen 抗原16. genetic 基因的17. neurological 神经性18. immunity 免疫力19. infrastructure 基础设施20. case 病例21. swine 猪22. tuberculosis 结核23. morbidity/incidence 发病率24. professionals 专业人士25. latent 潜伏26. skin test 皮试27. screening 筛查28. interferon 干扰素29. toxicity 毒性30. curable 可治愈的31. intractable 难治的32. pathogen 病原体33. ulcer 溃疡34. exposure 接触(带病者)35. recombination 重组36. bioterrorism 生物恐怖活动37. foodborne 生物传播Unit 31. adrenaline 肾上腺素2. residency 实习3. autoimmune 自身免疫4. stamina 持久力5. transient 短暂的6. bedridden 卧床不起7. building block 基本构件8. model 模型9. neurodegeneration 神经退化10.excrete 排除(毒素)11.optimize 优化12.load 载量13.relapse 复发14.self-experimentation 自我实验15.trial 试验16.neuromuscular 神经肌肉17.therapist 治疗师微量营养素19.function 功能20.track 跟踪21.coordination 协调22.cardiovascular 心血管23.rapport 亲密24.synchronization 同步25.contagion 传染26.regulate 调节生物心理28.solace 慰藉29.imaging MRI30.activate 激活31.mandatory 强制性32.dubious 无把握的33.background 背景34.concept 概念35.regimen 方案36plications 并发症37.anti-tumor 抗肿瘤38.standard标准的39.pharmacological 药理学的40.solubility 溶解性41.in vivo 体内Unit 41. complementary 补充2. alternative 替代(医学)3. paradigm 模式4. acupuncture 针灸5. adjunct 辅助6. nausea 恶心7. post-operative 术后8. clinical 临床的9. physical therapy 理疗10. therapeutic 治疗(方法)11. intervention 干预12. design 设计13. resonance 共振14. emission 发射PET15. analgesia 止痛16. establishment(生物医学)界17. rehabilitation 康复18. licensed 持照(针灸师)19. strategies 策略20. formulas 配方21. wide array 各式各样的22. integrative(中西医)结合23. acute 急性的24. administer 给药25. procedure 程序26. evaluation 评估27. prevalence 患病率28. conventional 传统(疗法)29. evidence-based 循证的30. management(压力)处理31. peripheral 外周/外围32. mechanisms 机制33. reductionistic 复原式的34.cost-effectiveness 效益35. outcomes 结果36. preclinical 临床前37. plausible 可能的38. manipulative 推拿39. homeopathic 顺势40. naturopathic 自然(疗法)41. meditation 冥想Unit 51. crisis 危机2. symptoms 症状3. vitality 活力4. immune 免疫5. virus 病毒6. lifestyle 生活方式7. robust 健全的8. fragile 脆弱的9. balance 平衡10. spiritual 精神的11. blockages 路障12. repressed 被压抑的13. genuine 真实的(真情实感)14. physiological 心理15. integrated 整合的(十全十美)16. decaying teeth 蛀牙17. nutrition 营养18. waistline 腰围19. bottled 瓶装(水)20. intake 摄入21. appetite 食欲22. protein 蛋白质23. obesity 肥胖症24. lean 精益的(蛋白质)25. dietary 饮食(习惯)26. quality 质量27. dairy 乳制品28. diabetes 糖尿病29. content 含量Unit 61. nursing home 养老院2. hospice 临终(关心)3. failure(心)衰4.available around-the-clock24小时随叫随到5. coronary 冠心病6. respond(对治疗有)反应7. facility 机构8. end-of-life 终末期9. comfort 舒适的(护理)10. hospital discharge 出院11. care(症状)护理12. palliative 姑息的13. fatal illness 绝症14. pulmonary 肺的COPD15. experimental 实验性的16. advisors 参谋17. discontinue 终止18. dialysis 透析19. smear 涂片20. provider 医患关系21. care-as-usual 常规医护22. preventive 预防性23. beaten 常用的off thebeaten path 离开熟路,另辟蹊径24. mold into the shape 塑形25. renew 重新开始torenew a prescription 照旧处方再开药26. fertilization 授精27. basic 基础的(生物学)28. stem cell 干细胞29. collaborate 合作30. test-tube 试管(婴儿)31. reproductive 生殖的32. hormones 激素33. immature 未成熟的34. empirical 经验(观察)35. pioneering 首创的36. endoscope 内镜37. ethical 伦理的38. concern(社会)关注39. infertile 不孕不育的40. inherited 遗传性的41. fibrosis 纤维化42. dilemmas 困境Unit 71. station(护士)站2. life-support 生命维持(系统)3. measures 护理措施4. withdraw 停止(治疗)5. paternalistic 家长式的6. empowerment 授权7. ethicists 伦理学家8. principles 准则9. ideal 理念10.patient-centered 以病人为中心的11. autonomy 自主权12. options 选择13. exclusive purview 专属的(领域)14. emergency 紧急(决定)15. restraint 限制16. anxiety 焦虑17. transgression 违背18. practice(家庭)医疗19. metastases(广泛)转移20. aggressive 积极的21. primary 原发22. follow-up 随访23. record 病历24. embolism 栓塞25. tomography 断层摄像CT26. infiltrates 浸润27. chest 胸28. lower-lobe 左下叶29. labored(呼吸)困难30. team 团队31. chronic 慢性的32. psychosocial 社会心理33. guidelines 指南34. implement 实施(治疗方案)Unit 1 动脉旁路1.neuron overload 神经过载2.a typical office visit 典型的诊所就诊3.DEXA scan DEXA扫描4.medical practicing 行医5.blood pressure control 血压控制6.health maintenance 健康保持7.Mammogram report 乳房X线检查报告8.physical examination 体检9.side effect of a medication药物的副作用10.perpetual panic 永久的恐慌11.practicing physicians 职业医生12.transplant field 移植领域13.medical budget 医疗预算14.paracetamol tablet 扑热息痛药片15.childproof cap 防孩子打开的盖子16.randomized clinical trial随机临床试验17.Random allocation 随机分配18.patient prognosis 病人的预后19.control group 对照组20.a 10-year follow-up study10年的跟踪研究21.a medical ward 内科病房22.infectious hepatitis 传染性肝炎23.Severe malaise 身体严重不适24.bilirubin metabolism 胆红素代谢25.permanent liver damage永久的肝损伤26.exacerbatepathophysiology 加重病理生理状况27.Medical literature 医学文献28.clinical investigation 临床调查29.incedence of relapse 复发率30.clinical epidemiology 临床流行病学31.strict bed rest 严格的卧床休息32.hospital stay 住院33.recurrent jaundice 反复发作的黄疸34.clinical course 临床病程35.intravenous morphine 静脉注射吗啡36.diastolic blood pressure舒张压37.brain perfusion 大脑血灌输38.primary care初级保健39.aorto-coronary arterialbypass主动脉冠状助工作rmed treatmentdecision 知情治疗决41.an internationalhumanitarian group一个国际人道组织42.the Red Cross 红十字会43.The first major reliefeffort 第一次重大援44.casualty of war 战争中的人员伤亡45.emergency relief efforts紧急援助Unit 31.the surge of adrenaline 肾上腺素激增2.an internal medicineresidency 内科实习期3.an autoimmune disease自体免疫4.loss of stamina 丧失持久力5.transient weakness 短暂的虚弱6.becoming bedridden 卧床不起7.a building block基本构件8.an animal model 动物模型9.to slow neurodegeneration 减缓神经退化10.to excrete toxins排除毒素11.to optimize nutrition 优化营养12.toxic load毒素载量13.the risk of relapse 复发危险14.physician self-experimentation医生自我实验15.a clinical trial 临床试验16.neuromuscular electrical stimulation 神经肌肉电刺激17.physical therapist 理疗师18.the impact of micronutrients 微量营养素的影响19.brain function 脑功能20.track the emotional flow 跟踪情绪波动21.coordination of emotions 情绪协调22.cardiovascular reactions 心血管反应23.feeling of rapport 亲密感觉24.rapid entrain 迅速同步25.emotional contagion 情绪传染26.to mutually regulation 互相调节27.a psychobiological unit生物心理单元28.emotional solace情感慰藉29.functional magneticresonance imaging功能性磁共振成像30.to activate brain zones激活该脑部区域31.to make it mandatory 使之成为强制性32.a(n) dubious project无把握的项目33.medical background医学背景34.proof of concept概念验证35.dose regimen 剂量方案36 plications orconcomitant conditions并发症与合并症37.anti-tumor agents 抗肿瘤的药剂38.standard therapy标准疗法39.pharmacology properties药理学特性40.poor solubility 溶解性差41.in vivo pharmacology 体内药理学Unit 51.a health crisis 健康危机2.physical symptoms 身体症状3.Energy and vitality 能量和活力4.be completely immunefrom sth.对某事完全免疫5.virus of falseness 虚假的病毒6.stressful lifestyle 有压力的生活方式7.robust emotion 健全的感情8.fragile health 脆弱的健康9.to balance our mind ,bodyand spirit平衡心理、身体和精神10.spiritual life精神生活11.the blockage to wellness通向身心健康的“路障”12.repressed emotions 被压抑的感情13.genuine feelings andemotion真情实感14.physiological influences心理影响15.fully integrated humanbeings 十全十美的人16.decaying teeth 蛀牙17.nutrition professor 营养教授18.burgeoning waistline 迅速膨胀的腰围19.bottled water 瓶装水20.caloric intake 热量摄入21.to curb appetite 节制食欲22.grains and protein 谷物和蛋白质23.childhood obesity 儿童肥胖症24.lean protein 精益蛋白质25.dietary habits 饮食习惯26.quality of life 生活质量27.diary category 乳制品类28.prevention of diabetes糖尿病的预防29.sodium content 钠的含量Unit 71.a nursing station 护士站2.life-support machines 生命维持系统3 fort measures 舒适护理措施4.to withdraw treatments停止治疗5.paternalistic decision-making process 家长式决策程序6.patient empowerment 给病人授权7.medical ethicists 医学伦理学家8.ethical principles 伦理准则9.clinical ideal 临床理念10.patient-centered care 以病人为中心的护理11.patient autonomy 病人自主权12.treatment options 治疗选择13.exclusive purview 专属领域14.emergency decisions 紧急状况下做的决定15.physician restraint 对医生的限制16.anxiety and confusion 焦虑与困惑17.ethical transgression 违背伦理18.family practice 家庭医疗19.widespread metastases 广泛转移20.aggressive treatment 积极治疗21.primary lesion 原发病灶22.to recommend follow-up 建议随访23.electronic record 电子病历24.pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞25 puterized tomography CT,电脑断层扫描26.bilateral infiltrates双侧浸润27.a(n) chest X-ray(X线胸片)28.left lower-lobe pneumonia左下肺叶肺炎borcd breathing呼吸困难30.the hospice team临终关心团队31.chronic illness慢性病32.psychosocial aspects 社会心理学领域33.evidence-based guidelines 循证临床指南34.to implement a plan of care 实施治疗方案。

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Unit 2
• Health & Illness
sub-health
health
illness
Objectives
• To understand the definition and determinants of health • To recognize the difference between illness and disease • To get general information about the symptoms of chest pain • To become familiar with some of the chief complaints • To become familiar with the structure of a patient history
Information box
• The World Health Organization (WHO): a specialized agency of the United Nations that coordinates international health activities and helps governments improve health services. The abbreviation for the organization is WHO. The administrative headquarters of the WHO are located in Geneva. The work of the WHO can be divided into three categories: health information, disease control, consultation and education.
Part II The definition of Health
vocabulary
• • • • • • • • • • • • Aspect n 方面 Conference n 会议,讨论会 seminar 研讨会 Region n 地区 Official a. 官方的、法定的 Mental a. 精神的 Well-being n. 健康;幸福 Adopt v.采用 According to 根据 Describe…as 描述为 Enter into force 事实,开始生效 The International Health Conference 国际卫生会议 The world Health Organization 国际卫生组织
Part V Determinants of Health
vocabulary
• • • • • • • • Determinant Characteristic Lifestyle Economic Genetics Alcohol Maintain Standard n.决定因素 n. 特性,特征 n. 生活方式 a. 经济的 n. 遗传特征 n. 酒,含酒精的饮料 v. 维持 n. 标准
• • • • •
Throughout one’s life 一生; be related to 与。。。有关 Catch a disease 得病 Living hபைடு நூலகம்bit 生活习惯,生活方式 Play a part in 对。。。有影响,起作用
Part VI Chief Complaint
vocabulary
Part I Starter—health status
vocabulary
• Status • Health status: a general term which refers to all aspects of a person’s health. It is the general idea of a person’s physical and mental condition, which includes the status of being healthy or being ill as well as the potential of getting ill. • Wellness: healthy • terrible
• • • • • • • • • Symptom Initial Diagnosis Outpatient Abdominal Gastrointestinal Alter Medical record Abdominal pain n. 症状 a. 最初的 n. 诊断 n. 门诊病人 a. 腹部的 a. 胃肠的 v. 改变,更改 病史 腹痛
Part III Illness and Disease
vocabulary
• • • • • • • • • Abnormal a. 异常的,反常的 Objective a. 客观的,如实的 Pathological a. 病理学的,病理的 Hypertension n. 高血压 Stroke n. 中风 Exist V. 存在 In the most cases 大多数情况下 Be in great danger of 处于极度危险中 Heart attack 心脏病发作
• 对比:while, be not the same, some others…,on the other hand.
Part IV Chest Pain
vocabulary
• • • • • Breastbone Frequency Chest pain No more than Get worse n. 胸骨 n. 频率,发生次数 胸痛 不超过 变坏,恶化
• A look at the pictures and fill in the blanks B talk about ss health status C group talk: 1.How are you feeling recently? 2.Do you feel fine these days? 3.Could you tell me about your health status? 4. What’s the matter with you? notes: 1. Have you been in hospital? 2. Did you have any childhood illnesses? 3. Are your parents still alive? 4. Have you ever had an operation? 5. Are you taking any medicine now?
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