铸造名词术语
铸造名词解释
铸造名词解释铸造技术是金属结构加工的重要方法之一，在工业生产中大量使用，特别是在机械制造、电子、航空、航天、汽车、冶金等行业中应用广泛。
与其他金属成形工艺相比，铸造具有结构紧凑、强度大、加工精度高、易于加工多孔复杂零件等优点。
下面介绍铸造名词解释。
一、铸件：铸件是以坯料或其他金属材料为原料，经过熔化精制、浇铸、造型而制成的金属结构件。
由于其坯料有着一定的固有结构，因而具有高强度、结构紧凑、精度高等特点。
二、铸造：铸造是把金属以液态形式，通过各种工艺流程，加热、熔化、浇铸、冷却等，把金属从液态转化为固态，得到所需要的铸件的工艺。
三、型芯：型芯是铸造过程中的一个必要工艺零件，它用于形成铸件的内部结构和形状，型芯的材料有砂型、木型、模具铁等，它在铸造工艺中起着关键的作用。
四、浇口：浇口是指铸件的浇铸口，是熔化金属从型腔中浇入铸件内部的通道，它们的位置及形状是影响铸件最终形状和质量的重要因素，需要严格控制。
五、充型：充型是指型芯内注入型料、固化材料或者砂浆等，以及在这些材料中植入钢模具或木模具，以形成铸件所需要的内部结构和形状所进行的工序。
六、排气：排气是指将浇注过程中产生的空气从型腔中排出的过程，目的是使铸件内部形状精确，也可以使金属的流动性得到改善。
七、静固：静固是指铸件内部结构及形体稳定不变的过程，在铸件内部结构成形前，需要将型芯内的型料、固化材料或者砂浆等进行静固，以保证其稳定性。
八、整形：整形是指铸件加工完成后，进行外观及尺寸精度等处理，以达到所要求的标准，这一步骤可以由专业设备或手工工具完成。
九、抛光：抛光是指给铸件表面施加光滑的处理工艺，使其表面光洁，有利于观赏和使用的效果，也是给予铸件特殊功效的重要步骤之一。
本文介绍了铸造名词解释，比如铸件、铸造、型芯、浇口、充型、排气、静固、整形和抛光等，它们都是铸造工艺中不可缺少的环节，并且在整个铸造过程中起着重要的作用，只有将其贯彻到位，才能保证铸件质量。
铸造专业术语
Lesson 11. fundamental a. 基础的，基本的2. foundry n. 铸造，铸造工厂（车间）3. process n. 工序、过程vt. 使经历某一过程4. molding（美）n. 造型moulding（英）n. 造型5. casting n. 铸造（法）、浇注、铸件6. involve vt. 包含involved in 包含在……中，在……中涉及7. suitable a. 合适的，适当的8. mold（美）n. 铸型，型mould（英）n. 铸型，型9. govern vt.vi. 支配，决定（be）governed by 取决于……；由……决定以……为转移。
10. green sand mold n. 湿（砂）型11. natural a. 天然的，本来的12. pour vi. Vt. 浇注13. dry sand mold n. 干（砂）型14. mixture n. 混合物，混合料15. ram vi. Vt. 冲紧，紧实16. bake vt. Vi. 烘烤，焙烤17. moisture n. 水分，潮气，湿度18. firm a. 坚硬的19. coremaking n. 制芯20. cavity n. 空腔，空洞，孔21. project vt. Vi. 伸出，突出22. silica n. 二氧化硅，石英23. binding material n. 粘结材料，粘结剂24. independently ad. 独立地，单独地25. melt vi. Vt. n. 熔化，熔炼，溶液26. lead n. 铅27. tin n. 锡28. zinc n. 锌29. pot n. 坩埚，罐30. burner n. 燃烧器，燃烧炉31. aluminium n. 铝32. brass n. 黄铜，铜锌合金33. bronze n. 黄铜，铜锡合金34. crucible furnace n. 坩埚炉35. cast iron n. 铸铁36. cupola n. 冲天炉37. electric arc furnace n. 电弧炉38. open hearth furnace n. 平炉39. converter n. 转炉40. term vt. 把……称为，n. （专门）名词41. container n. 容器42. ladle n. 浇包43. cleaning n. 清理，清砂44. finishing n. 打磨45. solidify vt. Vi. 使凝固46. in the form of 以……形式47. gate n. 浇口，内浇口48. riser n.冒口49. adhere vi. 粘附，粘着50. department n. 工段，车间，部门51. inspect vi. Vt. 检查，检验，部门52. heat treatment n. 热处理53. ship vt. Vi. 发运，船运，n. 船54. consumer n. 用户Lesson 21. essentially ad. 本质上，实质上，基本上2. pack vt. 舂、紧，充填3. withdraw （withdrew，withdrawn）vt. 起出，取出4. layer n. 层5. riddle n.；vt. 筛，过筛6. screen n.；vt. 筛子，筛分7. ensure vt. 保证8. unifomity n. 均匀性9. uniformly ad. 均匀地10. facing sand n. 面砂11. heat-resistant a. 耐热的12. results in 导致13. collapse vi. 倒塌，毁坏14. excessive a. 过度的15. escape vi. 逸出16. cause vt.；n. 使产生，引起17. blow-hole n. 气孔18. cope n. 上型（箱）19. drag n. 下型（箱）20. boxlike a. 箱形的21. frame n. 框子22. flask n. 砂箱23. intermediate a.；n. 中间的，中间物24. cheek n. 中型（箱）25. joint n.；vt. 连接面，接合面26. vent vt. 通气27. venthole n. 通气孔28. properly ad. 适当地，正确地29. permeability n. 透气性30. interior a. 内部的，里面的31. hard-baked a. 烘干，硬化32. insert vt. 放入 n. （pl.）金属型芯，内冷铁33. undercut n. （铸件上的）凹陷部分34. hollow n. 空穴，孔35. entire a. 全部的，完整的36. assembly n. 总装，组合件37. molten a. 熔融的38. downward ad. a. 向下39. runner n. 横浇道40. compensate vt. 补偿41. shrinkage n. 收缩，收缩量42. remove vt. 去掉，消除43. lug n. （箱）耳44. pin n. （合箱）销45. typical a. 典型的46. mold cavity n. 型腔47. parting surface n. 分型面48. pouring basin n. 浇口盆49. gate sprue n. 直浇道50. bottom board n. 底板51. cross-sectional view n. 剖面图Lesson 21. essentially ad. 本质上，实质上，基本上2. pack vt. 舂、紧，充填3. withdraw （withdrew，withdrawn）vt. 起出，取出4. layer n. 层5. riddle n.；vt. 筛，过筛6. screen n.；vt. 筛子，筛分7. ensure vt. 保证8. unifomity n. 均匀性9. uniformly ad. 均匀地10. facing sand n. 面砂11. heat-resistant a. 耐热的12. results in 导致13. collapse vi. 倒塌，毁坏14. excessive a. 过度的15. escape vi. 逸出16. cause vt.；n. 使产生，引起17. blow-hole n. 气孔18. cope n. 上型（箱）19. drag n. 下型（箱）20. boxlike a. 箱形的21. frame n. 框子22. flask n. 砂箱23. intermediate a.；n. 中间的，中间物24. cheek n. 中型（箱）25. joint n.；vt. 连接面，接合面26. vent vt. 通气27. venthole n. 通气孔28. properly ad. 适当地，正确地29. permeability n. 透气性30. interior a. 内部的，里面的31. hard-baked a. 烘干，硬化32. insert vt. 放入 n. （pl.）金属型芯，内冷铁33. undercut n. （铸件上的）凹陷部分34. hollow n. 空穴，孔35. entire a. 全部的，完整的36. assembly n. 总装，组合件37. molten a. 熔融的38. downward ad. a. 向下39. runner n. 横浇道40. compensate vt. 补偿41. shrinkage n. 收缩，收缩量42. remove vt. 去掉，消除43. lug n. （箱）耳44. pin n. （合箱）销45. typical a. 典型的46. mold cavity n. 型腔47. parting surface n. 分型面48. pouring basin n. 浇口盆49. gate sprue n. 直浇道50. bottom board n. 底板51. cross-sectional view n. 剖面图Lesson 41. patternmaking n.模样制造2. pattern n. 模样3. patternmaker n. 木模工4. affect vt. 影响，对…起作用5. designing n., a. 设计（的）6. drafting n. 制图7. machining n. 机械加工8. be common to 为…所共有9. talk over 商量，讨论10. planning n. 设计，计划11. blueprint n. 蓝图，设计图12. visualize vt. 想象出，设想出13. preliminary a. 初步的14. cost n. 成本，费用15. order vt. 订货16. distortion n. 变形，挠曲17. location n. 位置18. allowance n. 余量19. parting line n. 分型线20. establish vt. 建立21. layout n. 放样图，设计图22. procedure n. 方法，（生产）过程23. decide upon = decide on 决定，选定，确定24. reproduction n. 复制品25. dress （dressed，drest）vt. 刨光，打磨26. edge n. 边，棱边，侧面27. square a. 方的；n. 角尺28. shrink rule n. 缩尺29. divider n. （pl.）两脚规，分规30. instrument n. 工具，装置31. pointed knife n. 尖刀32. tool n. 工具，刀具，机床33. accuracy n. 精度，准确度34. pattern allowance n. 模样余量，模样放尺35. take into account 考虑，重视36. drawing n. 图样37. check vt.；n. 校队，核对，开裂Lesson 51. subject （与to连用）易受，经受，常有2. wear n.；vt. 磨损3. rapping n. 松模4. subsequent a. 继起的，后来的5. abrasive a.；n. 磨损的，摩擦的6. impervious a. 不能透过的，不渗水的7. alternately adv. 交替的8. damp a.；n. 潮湿的9. tear n. 撕裂，扯破10. plastic n. （常用pl.）塑料，合成树脂11. gypsum n. 石膏12. plaster n. 熟石膏13. exact a. 精确的，精密的14. undersize n. 尺寸过小，尺寸不足15. draft n. （起模）斜度16. machining provision n. 机械加工余量17. solid shrinkage n. 固态收缩18. freezing temperature n. 凝固温度19. contraction n. 收缩20. allow for 考虑到21. automatically ad. 自动地22. approximate a. 近似的，大约的23. malleable iron n. 可锻铸铁，马铁24. magnesium n. 镁25. master pattern n. 母模26. draw （drew，drawn）vt. 起出（模样）27. vertical a. 垂直的28. taper vt.；n. 退拔，(起模)斜度29. inward a. 向内的30. mount vt. 固定，装配31. accuracy of finish n. 加工精度Lesson 51. subject （与to连用）易受，经受，常有2. wear n.；vt. 磨损3. rapping n. 松模4. subsequent a. 继起的，后来的5. abrasive a.；n. 磨损的，摩擦的6. impervious a. 不能透过的，不渗水的7. alternately adv. 交替的8. damp a.；n. 潮湿的9. tear n. 撕裂，扯破10. plastic n. （常用pl.）塑料，合成树脂11. gypsum n. 石膏12. plaster n. 熟石膏13. exact a. 精确的，精密的14. undersize n. 尺寸过小，尺寸不足15. draft n. （起模）斜度16. machining provision n. 机械加工余量17. solid shrinkage n. 固态收缩18. freezing temperature n. 凝固温度19. contraction n. 收缩20. allow for 考虑到21. automatically ad. 自动地22. approximate a. 近似的，大约的23. malleable iron n. 可锻铸铁，马铁24. magnesium n. 镁25. master pattern n. 母模26. draw （drew，drawn）vt. 起出（模样）27. vertical a. 垂直的28. taper vt.；n. 退拔，(起模)斜度29. inward a. 向内的30. mount vt. 固定，装配31. accuracy of finish n. 加工精度Lesson 71. evolve vt. 放出，析出2. overnight ad. ；a. 在前一天晚上，隔夜3. oven n. 烘炉，加热室4. burner n. 燃烧器，喷灯5. charcoal n. 木炭6. circulate v. 循环，流通7. provide v. 供给，供应8. resist vt. 抵抗，耐，承受9. detail n. 细节，部分10. disadvantageous a. 不利的，有害的11. unusual a. 不平常的，独特的12. pattern plate n. 模板13. harden vt. 硬化14. sodium silicate n. 硅酸钠，水玻璃15. clay-free n. 无粘土的16. siliceous a. 含硅的，硅酸的17. carbon dioxide n. 二氧化碳18. promote vt. 促进，加速19. interfere vi. 妨碍，影响20. disintegration n. 溃散21. organic a. 有机的22. wood flour n. 木屑，木粉23. sand mixture n. 型砂24. delay vt. ；n. 耽误，延缓25. inadequate a. 不适宜的，不充分的26. portland cement n. 波特兰水泥（普通水泥）Lesson 81. gating system n. 浇注系统2. refer vt. 把…归类于，指（的是）3. passageway n. 通道4. pouring basin n. 浇口杯，浇口池5. strainer core n. 筛网芯片，撇渣芯，浇口滤片6. fulfill =fulfil vt. 实现，完成，达到7. be defined as ……的定义是，可称为8. be classified as 分成（为）……类9. parting-line gating n. 分型线浇注系统10. bottom gating n. 底注式浇注系统11. erosion n. 冲蚀，侵蚀12. turbulence n. 涡流，漩涡，紊流13. refractory tile pipe n. 耐火材料管14. horn gate n. 羊角浇口15. reversed horn gate n. 倒置羊角浇口16. top gating n. 顶注式浇注系统17. gradient n. 梯度18. directional solidification n. 定向凝固19. server as （for）起…作用，作为20. pencil gate n. 雨林浇口21. wedge gate n. 契形浇口22. choke n. 阻流口，节流口23. side gating n. 侧注式浇注系统24. slot n. 狭缝，隙缝25. step gate n. 阶梯浇口26. deliver vt. 供给，移交，交付27. function vi. ；n. 起作用，作用Lesson 91. satisfactory a. 满意的，（良）好的2. originally ad. 原来，最初3. hardness n. 硬度4. transport vt；n. 运输，输送5. （be）capable of –ing 能…，可以…，容许…6. smoothness n. 光滑度，平滑度7. wash n. 涂料8. coating n. 涂料，涂层9. impart vt. 给予，赋予10. collapsibility n.溃散性11. overstress vt.；n. 使…受（应）力过大，过应力，超载12. knock out 落砂，敲出，分离13. core print 型芯头（座）14. sharp sand n. 角形砂，纯砂15. pine-tree resin n. 松香16. cereal binder n. 谷类粘结剂17. dextrine = dextrin n. 糊精（C6H10O5）18. starch n. 淀粉Lesson 101. gray iron = (grey iron) 灰铸铁2. alloy n. 合金、齐v. 合铸，熔合，熔成合成3. carbon n. 碳4. silicon n. 硅5. manganese n. 锰6. sulfur = （sulphur） n. 硫7. phosphorus n. 磷8. intentionally ad. 有意地，故意地9. blast n. v. 鼓风，（一股）气流10. blast furnace 高炉，鼓风炉11. nickle n. 镍12. chromium n. 铬13. molybdenum n. 钼14. graphite n. 石墨15. property n. 特性，性能16. mechanical property 机械性能17. metallurgical a. 冶金的，金相的18. distribution n. 分布，分布状态19. microscope n. 显微镜20. specimen n. 试样，样品，标本21. grind v. 磨光，磨快（过去式ground）22. polish v. 抛光，打光，发亮23. etch v. 侵蚀，腐蚀24. matrix n. 基体25. whatsoever = whatever a. 无论什么，不管什么26. extend v. 延长，延伸，扩张27. ferrite n. 铁素体28. cementite n. 渗碳体29. pearlite n. 珠光体30. austenite n. 奥氏体31. steadite n. 斯氏体磷化物共晶体32. solution n. 溶解，溶液，熔体，解决（办法）33. solid solution 固溶体Lesson 101. gray iron = (grey iron) 灰铸铁2. alloy n. 合金、齐v. 合铸，熔合，熔成合成3. carbon n. 碳4. silicon n. 硅5. manganese n. 锰6. sulfur = （sulphur） n. 硫7. phosphorus n. 磷8. intentionally ad. 有意地，故意地9. blast n. v. 鼓风，（一股）气流10. blast furnace 高炉，鼓风炉11. nickle n. 镍12. chromium n. 铬13. molybdenum n. 钼14. graphite n. 石墨15. property n. 特性，性能16. mechanical property 机械性能17. metallurgical a. 冶金的，金相的18. distribution n. 分布，分布状态19. microscope n. 显微镜20. specimen n. 试样，样品，标本21. grind v. 磨光，磨快（过去式ground）22. polish v. 抛光，打光，发亮23. etch v. 侵蚀，腐蚀24. matrix n. 基体25. whatsoever = whatever a. 无论什么，不管什么26. extend v. 延长，延伸，扩张27. ferrite n. 铁素体28. cementite n. 渗碳体29. pearlite n. 珠光体30. austenite n. 奥氏体31. steadite n. 斯氏体磷化物共晶体32. solution n. 溶解，溶液，熔体，解决（办法）33. solid solution 固溶体Lesson 121. primarily2. corrosion n. 腐蚀，侵蚀3. atmospheric a. 大气的，常压的4. exposure n. 暴露，照射5. plating n. 镀层，电镀，喷镀6. heat-treatable a. 可热处理的7. definite a. 确定的，一定的8. special a. 特别的，专门的9. （be）prone to 易于，倾向于10. reaction a. 反应，反作用11. （be）liable to 易于…，有…倾向12. oxidation n. 氧化13. whilst =（while） conj. 当…时，而14. flux n. 熔剂，焊剂15. cover flux 覆盖剂16. cleanse vt. 去掉，清除17. oxide n. 氧化物18. to the extent of 到…程度19. aging = （ageing） n. 老化，时效20. self-aging 自然时效21. strain n. 应变，变形22. stability n. 稳定性23. titanium n. 钛24. in varying proportions 按不同的比例25. nonmagnetic a. 无磁的，非磁性的26. nonsparking a. 不产生火花的27. possess vt. 具有，拥有，占有28. aircraft n. 航空器，飞机29. airborne a. 空运的，机载的，气载的30. equipment n. 设备，装备31. comparable with 可与…相比的，与…相类似的Lesson 131. recommend vt. 推荐2. specify vt. 规定3. molybdenum n. 钼4. nickel n. 镍5. tungsten n. 钨6. vanadium n. 钒7. zirconium n. 锆8. impact resistance n. 抗冲击性9. wear resistance n. 耐磨性，磨损阻力10. acid resistance n. 耐酸性11. weldability n. 可焊性，焊接性12. rigidity n. 刚性，刚度13. deflection n. 挠曲，弯曲，挠度14. separately ad. 单独地15. identify vt. 识别，鉴定，验明16. yield strength n. 屈服强度17. ductility n. 韧性，可锻性，延性18. effectiveness n. 有效性19. with regard to 就…而论，对于，关于20. deoxidizer = deoxidiser n. 脱氧剂，还原剂21. soundness n. 完好的程度22. adversely ad. 相反地23. objectionable a. 有害的，不好的24. tolerate vt. 允许，承受25. calcium n. 钙Lesson 131. recommend vt. 推荐2. specify vt. 规定3. molybdenum n. 钼4. nickel n. 镍5. tungsten n. 钨6. vanadium n. 钒7. zirconium n. 锆8. impact resistance n. 抗冲击性9. wear resistance n. 耐磨性，磨损阻力10. acid resistance n. 耐酸性11. weldability n. 可焊性，焊接性12. rigidity n. 刚性，刚度13. deflection n. 挠曲，弯曲，挠度14. separately ad. 单独地15. identify vt. 识别，鉴定，验明16. yield strength n. 屈服强度17. ductility n. 韧性，可锻性，延性18. effectiveness n. 有效性19. with regard to 就…而论，对于，关于20. deoxidizer = deoxidiser n. 脱氧剂，还原剂21. soundness n. 完好的程度22. adversely ad. 相反地23. objectionable a. 有害的，不好的24. tolerate vt. 允许，承受25. calcium n. 钙Lesson 151. mass n. 物质，质量a.大量的，集中的2. mass-production 大量（大批，成批）生产3. previous ad. 以前，预先4. backbreaking a. 累人的5. item n. 条，项，项目6. outstanding a. 显著的，突出的7. advantage n. 优点，有利条件8. dimensionally ad. 在尺寸方面9. machine n. 机器 v. 加工，机械加工10. jig n. 钻模11. fixture n. 夹具12. dimension n. 尺寸，尺度13. coordinate v. 配合，使同等14. coordinating n. 配套设备15. stationary a. 不动的，静止的16. permanent a. 永久的，恒定不变的17. foundation n. 基础，地基18. jolt v. ；n. 震击19. squeeze v. ；n. 压实20. piston n. 活塞21. combination n. 结合，组合22. tendency n. 倾向，趋势23. correct vt. 纠正，改正24. compress vt. 压缩25. compressed air 压缩空气26. source n. 源，源泉27. valve n. 阀28. knee valve n. 膝阀29. exhaust n. ；v. 排出30. port n. 口，港口31. cycle n. 循环，周期32. swing v. 回转，摇摆，摆动33. force vt. 迫使，推动；n. 力，力量34. diameter n. 直径Lesson 151. mass n. 物质，质量a.大量的，集中的2. mass-production 大量（大批，成批）生产3. previous ad. 以前，预先4. backbreaking a. 累人的5. item n. 条，项，项目6. outstanding a. 显著的，突出的7. advantage n. 优点，有利条件8. dimensionally ad. 在尺寸方面9. machine n. 机器 v. 加工，机械加工10. jig n. 钻模11. fixture n. 夹具12. dimension n. 尺寸，尺度13. coordinate v. 配合，使同等14. coordinating n. 配套设备15. stationary a. 不动的，静止的16. permanent a. 永久的，恒定不变的17. foundation n. 基础，地基18. jolt v. ；n. 震击19. squeeze v. ；n. 压实20. piston n. 活塞21. combination n. 结合，组合22. tendency n. 倾向，趋势23. correct vt. 纠正，改正24. compress vt. 压缩25. compressed air 压缩空气26. source n. 源，源泉27. valve n. 阀28. knee valve n. 膝阀29. exhaust n. ；v. 排出30. port n. 口，港口31. cycle n. 循环，周期32. swing v. 回转，摇摆，摆动33. force vt. 迫使，推动；n. 力，力量34. diameter n. 直径Lesson 171. gain ground 有进展2. in the order of 大约，按……次序3. enormous a. 巨大的4. fettling n. 清理，补炉5. none at all 一点也没有6. joint line 分型线7. feeder n. 冒口，补缩包8. dilation n. 扩大，膨胀9. bring about 引起、生产、导致10. ferrostatic head 铁水静压头11. dense a. 致密的12. uncommon a. 难得的、不平常的13. sophistication n. 采用先进技术14. associate vt. 联合be associated with 在…同时，与…有联系15. recover vt. 回收，复原16. expenditure n. 费用17. capital expenditure 基建费18. superior a. ；n. 优等的19. gradually ad. 逐渐20. short series 小批量21. jobbing n. 重复性很小的工作22. unsophisticated a. 不复杂的，简单的23. manual a. ；n. 手工的，手册24. assist vt.；n. 辅助25. lift vt. 起吊，提升26. rational a. 合理的27. criterion （复数criteria） n. （判断的）标准，准则28. prototype n. 原型，样机29. providing conj. （=provided）只要，如果30. delicate a. 精细的，易损的，脆弱的31. hardwood n. 硬木Lesson 181. scale n. 锈皮2. customer n. 用户，顾客3. adequate a. 充分的，足够的，适当的4. brush n. 刷子5. stiff a. 硬的6. bristle n. （刷子等的）毛7. chisel n. 錾子，凿子8. barrel n. 筒，桶9. tumbling n. 清理滚筒10. rub v. 摩擦11. breakage n. 破裂，断裂12. absorb vt. 吸收，缓冲13. jet n. 气流，射流，水流14. velocity n. 速度15. cabinet n. 小室16. sand blast cabinet 喷砂室17. nozzle n. 喷嘴18. shatter v. 打碎，打破19. shatterproof glass 防震玻璃20. completion n. 完成，结束21. helmet n. 防护面具，头盔22. pneumatic a. 气动的，风动的23. pneumatic chipping hammer 风铲24. grinder n. 砂轮机，磨床25. pneumatic grinder 风动砂轮机26. centrifugal a. 离心的27. hopper n. 斗，仓28. storage hopper 贮存斗29. blade wheel 叶轮30. emery n. 金刚砂，磨光31. emery wheel 砂轮32. dust n. 灰尘33. dust-collecting device 击沉装置。
铸造名词术语中英对照
1.基本术语1.1.铸造 foundry, founding, casting1.2.铸造工艺 foundry technology1.3.铸件 casting1.4.砂型铸造 sand casting process1.5.特种铸造 special castingprocess2.合金性能2.1.流动性 fluidity2.2.充型能力 mold-filling capacity2.3.吸气 gas absorption2.4.过冷 undercooling, supercooling2.5.过冷度 degree of undercooling2.6.成核 nucleation2.7.自发成核（均质成核） homogeneousnucleation2.8.非自发成核（非均质成核）heterogeneous nucleation2.9.凝固温度范围 solidification range 2.10.定向凝固（顺序凝固） directionalsolidification2.11.液态收缩（液体收缩） liquidcontraction2.12.凝固收缩 solidificationcontraction2.13.固态收缩（固体收缩） solidcontraction2.14.凝固时间 solidification time2.15.自由收缩 free contraction2.16.受阻收缩 hindered contraction2.17.铸件线收缩率 shrinkage2.18.收缩应力 contraction stress2.19.热应力 thermal stress2.20.相变应力 transformationstress, phase change stress 2.21.铸造应力 casting stress2.22.残留应力（残余应力） residualstress3.铸造用材料3.1.金属原材料3.1.1.金属原材料 metallic rawmaterial3.1.2.生铁 pig iron3.1.3.铁合金 ferro-alloy3.1.4.回炉料 foundry returns3.1.5.中间合金 master alloy3.2.燃料3.2.1.铸造焦炭 foundry coke3.2.2.冶金焦炭 metallurgical coke3.2.3.固定碳 fixed carbon3.3.熔剂3.3.1.熔剂 flux3.3.2.除气熔剂（除气剂） degassingflux3.3.3.覆盖熔剂（覆盖剂） coveringflux3.3.4.精炼熔剂（精炼剂） refiningflux3.3.5.耐火材料3.3.6.耐火度（耐火性） refractoriness 3.3.7.耐火砖 firebrick3.3.8.耐火粘土 fireclay3.3.9.硅砖 silica brick3.3.10.镁砂 grain magnesite3.4.造型材料3.4.1.造型材料 molding material3.4.2.砂 sand3.4.3.水洗砂 washed-out sand3.4.4.硅砂 silica sand3.4.5.天然砂 natural sand3.4.6.人工砂 artificial sand3.4.7.天然粘土砂 naturallyclay-bonded sand3.4.8.橄榄石砂 olivine sand3.4.9.铬铁矿砂 chromite sand3.4.10.锆砂 zircon sand3.4.11.炭粒砂 carbon sand3.4.12.精硅砂 sharp sand3.4.13.红砂 red sand3.4.14.熟料砂 chamotte sand3.4.15.粘结剂 binder3.4.16.粘土 clay3.4.17.无机粘结剂 inorganic binder 3.4.18.有机粘结剂 organic binder 3.4.19.高岭土 kaolin3.4.20.膨润土 bentonite3.4.21.钠基膨润土 sodium bentonite 3.4.22.钙基膨润土 calciumbentonite3.4.23.活化膨润土 activatedbentonite3.4.24.干性油 drying oil3.4.25.自硬粘结剂(冷硬粘结剂) nobake binder3.4.26.热固树脂粘结剂thermosetting resin binder3.4.27.油类粘结剂 oil basedbinder3.4.28.水玻璃粘结剂 water glassbinder, sodium silicatebinder3.4.29.纸浆废液 lignin liquor3.4.30.合脂粘结剂 synthetic fatbinder 3.4.31.水玻璃模数 sodium silicatemodulus3.5.辅助材料3.5.1.附加物 additives3.5.2.发热剂 exothermic mixture3.5.3.分型剂（脱模剂） parting agent,stripping agent3.5.4.固化剂（硬化剂）hardener3.5.5.悬浮剂suspending agent3.5.6.涂料 coating3.5.7.砂处理3.5.8.型砂制备（砂处理） sandpreparation3.5.9.混砂 sand mulling, sandmixing3.5.10.型砂（造型混合料） moldingsand3.5.11.芯砂（造芯混合料） coresand3.5.12.合成砂 synthetic sand3.5.13.自硬砂 self-hardening sand 3.5.14.水玻璃砂 sodiumsilicate-bonded sand3.5.15.覆膜砂 precoated sand3.5.16.烂砂泥（麻泥） loam3.5.17.调匀砂 temper sand3.5.18.面砂 facing sand3.5.19.背砂（填充砂） backing sand 3.5.20.单一砂 unit sand3.5.21.含泥量 clay content3.5.22.含水量 moisture content3.5.23.旧砂 floor sand3.5.24.枯砂（焦砂） burnt sand3.5.25.废砂 waste sand3.5.26.热砂 hot sand3.5.27.松砂 aeration ,sand-cutting3.5.28.筛分（筛析） screen analysis 3.5.29.旧砂处理 sandreconditioning3.5.30.旧砂再生 sand reclamation 3.5.31.沉降分选 elutriation,decantation3.5.32.型砂性能及试验3.5.33.型砂试验 sand testing3.5.34.透气性 permeability3.5.35.流动性 flowability3.5.36.型砂强度 sand strength 3.5.37.湿强度 green strength3.5.38.干强度 dry strength3.5.39.耐用性（复用性） durability 3.5.40.砂型（芯）硬度 moldhardness3.5.41.热变形 hot deformation3.5.42.残留强度 retainedstrength3.5.43.热强度 hot strength3.5.44.韧性 toughness3.5.45.发气率（发气速度） gasevolution rate3.5.46.发气性（发气量） gasevolution3.5.47.吸湿性 moistureabsorption3.5.48.落砂性 knock-outcapability3.5.49.潰散性 collapsibility3.5.50.胶质价 colloid index3.5.51.破碎指数 shatter index3.5.52.砂处理设备3.5.53.热气流烘砂装置 hotpneumatic tube drier3.5.54.混砂机 sand muller, sandmixer3.5.55.松砂机 aerator, sandcutter3.5.56.冷却提升机 cooling elevator,coolevator3.5.57.筛砂机 riddle3.5.58.磁力滚筒 magneticseparator3.5.59.旧砂再生设备 sandreclamation3.5.60.气力输送装置 pneumatictube conveyor4.铸造合金4.1.铸铁4.1.1.铸铁 cast iron4.1.2.铸铁石墨形态 morphology ofgraphite in cast iron4.1.3.灰铸铁（灰口铸铁） gray castiron4.1.4.白口铸铁 white cast iron4.1.5.麻口铸铁 mottled cast iron4.1.6.共晶度 degree of saturation 4.1.7.碳当量 carbon equivalent4.1.8.片状石墨 flake graphite4.1.9.初生石墨 primary graphite4.1.10.孕育铸铁 inoculated castiron4.1.11.球墨铸铁 spheroidalgraphite cast iron, nodulargraphite iron, ductile iron4.1.12.球状石墨 spheroidalgraphite, nodular graphite4.1.13.可锻铸铁 malleable castiron4.1.14.黑心可锻铸铁 black heartmalleable cast iron4.1.15.珠光体可锻铸铁 pearliticmalleable cast iron4.1.16.铁素体可锻铸铁 ferriticmalleable cast iron4.1.17.白心可锻铸铁 white heartmalleable cast iron4.1.18.团絮石墨 tempered graphite 4.1.19.冷硬铸铁（激冷铸铁） chillediron4.1.20.耐磨铸铁 wear resistingcast iron4.1.21.耐热铸铁 heat resistingcast iron4.1.22.耐酸铸铁 acid resistingcast iron4.1.23.高硅铸铁 high silicon castiron4.1.24.蠕墨铸铁 vermicular castiron, compacted graphite castiron4.1.25.蠕虫状石墨 vermiculargraphite4.1.26.合金铸铁 alloy cast iron4.2.铸钢4.2.1.铸钢 cast steel4.2.2.炭素铸钢 carbon cast iron4.2.3.低合金铸钢 low alloy caststeel4.2.4.高锰钢 high manganese steel4.2.5.铁素体钢 ferritic steel4.2.6.铸造非铁合金4.2.7.青铜 bronze4.2.8.铅青铜 lead bronze4.2.9.铝青铜 aluminum bronze4.2.10.黄铜 brass4.2.11.铝铜合金 aluminum-copperalloy4.2.12.铝镁合金 aluminum-magnesiumalloy4.2.13.铝硅合金 aluminum-siliconalloy4.2.14.镁合金 magnesium alloy4.2.15.轴承合金（减摩合金） bearingmetal, antifrictional metal4.2.16.巴氏合金 babbitt alloy4.2.17.钛合金 titanium alloy5.熔炼工艺及设备5.1.熔炼基本术语5.1.1.熔化（熔炼） melting5.1.2.重熔 remelting5.1.3.炉料 charge5.1.4.熔化率 melting rate5.1.5.炉料计算 charge calculation5.1.6.双联熔炼 duplexing5.1.7.元素烧损（元素烧损率） meltinglosses of various chemicalelements5.1.8.熔炼损耗（烧损） total meltingloss5.1.9.还原气氛 reducing atmosphere5.1.10.氧化气氛 oxidizingatmosphere5.1.11.惰性气体 inert gas5.1.12.碱度（碱性指数） index ofbasicity5.1.13.碱性渣 basic slag5.1.14.酸性渣 acid slag5.1.15.精炼 refining5.1.16.遗传性 heredity5.1.17.铸铁熔炼5.1.18.风口比 tuyere ratio5.1.19.有效高度 effective height5.1.20.送风强度 blast intensity5.1.21.预热送风 hot blast5.1.22.底焦 coke bed5.1.23.层焦 coke split5.1.24.隔焦（结力焦） buffer cokecharge5.1.25.炉衬 furnace lining5.1.26.碱性炉衬 basic lining5.1.27.酸性炉衬 acid lining5.1.28.棚料 bridging5.1.29.熔池 bath5.1.30.吸碳 carbon pick-up5.1.31.铁焦比（焦比） iron-cokeratio5.1.32.出渣 deslagging5.1.33.打炉 cupola drop5.2.铸钢5.2.1.氧化熔炼法 oxidizing melting5.2.2.不氧化熔炼法 dead melting5.2.3.真空熔炼 vacuum refining5.2.4.电渣熔炼 electro-slag melting5.2.5.熔渣 slag5.2.6.沉渣 sludge5.2.7.浮渣 dross, cinder5.2.8.氧化期（沸腾期） oxidizing stage,boil5.2.9.还原期 deoxidizing stage,blocking stage5.2.10.还原渣 reducing slag 5.2.11.氧化渣 oxidizing slag5.2.12.白渣 white slag5.2.13.脱氧 deoxidation5.2.14.扒渣 slagging- off5.2.15.脱碳 decarburization5.2.16.脱硫 desulphurization5.2.17.脱磷 dephosphorization5.2.18.增碳 recarburizing5.2.19.脱氧剂 deoxidizer5.2.20.非铁金属熔炼5.2.21.挥发损耗 volatilizinglosses5.2.22.静置 stewing, holding5.2.23.吹氮 nitrogen flushing5.3.熔炼设备5.3.1.冲天炉 cupola5.3.2.水冷冲天炉 water-cooled cupola 5.3.3.热风冲天炉 hot-blast cupola5.3.4.湿法除尘器 wet cap5.3.5.炉缸 cupola well5.3.6.前炉 forehearth5.3.7.冲天炉加料机 cupola chargingmachine5.3.8.爬式加料机 skip hoist5.3.9.电磁配铁称 electro-magneticweighing balancer5.3.10.电磁盘 electromagneticchuck5.3.11.电弧炉（直接电弧炉） arcfurnace, direct arc furnace5.3.12.感应电炉 electric inductionfurnace5.3.13.电渣炉 electroslag furnace 5.3.14.电磁搅拌electromagneticagitation5.3.15.浇包 ladle5.3.16.摇包 shaking ladle5.3.17.底注包 bottom pouringladle5.3.18.保温炉holding furnace5.3.19.坩埚炉crucible furnace5.3.20.熔融金属处理5.3.21.孕育 inoculation5.3.22.多孔塞法 porous plugprocess5.3.23.变质 modification5.3.24.墨化剂 graphitizer5.3.25.过热 superheating5.3.26.石墨球化处理 nodularizingtreatment of graphite5.3.27.碳当量仪eutectometer5.3.28.三角试块 wedge test-piece 5.3.29.真空除气vacuum degassing 5.4.浇注5.4.1.浇注 pouring5.4.2.保护气氛浇注 pouring undercontrolled atmosphere5.4.3.浇注速度 pouring rate5.4.4.浇注温度 pouring temperature 5.4.5.浇注时间 pouring time5.4.6.浇注位置 pouring position5.4.7.型内孕育 inmold inoculation5.4.8.压铁 weight5.4.9.捣冒口 churning, pumping5.4.10.点冒口（补注） teeming5.4.11.浸入式高温计 immersionpyremeter5.4.12.补炉 patching5.4.13.炉龄（炉衬寿命） campaign6.工艺设计及工艺装备6.1.工艺设计6.1.1.铸造工艺设计 mold design6.1.2.铸造工艺装备设计 foundry toolsdesign6.1.3.铸造工艺图 foundry moldingdrawing6.1.4.铸件图（毛坯图） drawing ofrough casting6.1.5.起模斜度（拔模斜度） patterndraft6.1.6.收缩余量shrinkage allowance6.1.7.工艺补正量 molding allowance 6.1.8.加工余量 machining allowance6.1.9.吃砂量 mold thickness6.1.10.补贴 pad6.1.11.分型负数 joint allowance6.1.12.铸件尺寸公差 dimensionaltolerance of casting6.1.13.铸件重量公差 weightallowance of casting6.1.14.铸件加工基准面 referenceface for machining of casting 6.1.15.铸件表面粗糙度 surfaceroughness of casting6.2.浇冒口系统6.2.1.浇注系统（浇口） gating system,running system6.2.2.封闭式浇注系统 choked runningsystem, pressurized gatingsystem6.2.3.半封闭式浇注系统 enlargedrunner system6.2.4.开放式浇注系统 unchokedrunning system,non-pressurized gating system6.2.5.浇口盆（外浇口） pouring basin6.2.6.浇口杯 pouring cup6.2.7.浇口塞 blanking-off plug6.2.8.直浇道 sprue6.2.9.直浇道窝 sprue base6.2.10.横浇道 runner6.2.11.筛网芯（滤网芯） strainercore6.2.12.内浇道 ingate6.2.13.离心集渣浇注系统 whirl gate,dirt trap system6.2.14.顶注式浇注系统 top gatingsystem6.2.15.底注式浇注系统 bottomgating system6.2.16.阶梯式浇注系统 step gatingsystem6.2.17.雨淋浇口 shower gate6.2.18.缝隙浇口 slot gate6.2.19.压边浇口 lip runner, kissrunner6.2.20.牛角式浇口 horn gate6.2.21.热节 hot spot6.2.22.冒口 riser, feeder heed6.2.23.冒口效率 riser efficiency6.2.24.明冒口 open riser6.2.25.暗冒口 blind riser6.2.26.侧冒口（边冒口） side riser 6.2.27.压力冒口 pressure riser6.2.28.大气压力冒口 atmosphericriser6.2.29.发气压力冒口（气弹冒口）gas-delivered pressure riser6.2.30.透气砂芯 pencil core6.2.31.冒口颈 riser neck 6.2.32.冒口根 riser pad6.2.33.保温冒口套 heat insulatingfeeder sleeve6.2.34.发热冒口套 exothermic feedersleeve6.2.35.补缩距离 feeding distance,feeding zone6.2.36.易割冒口 knock-off head6.2.37.易割片（易割芯片） washburncore6.2.38.模样6.2.39.铸造工艺装备 foundry toolsand equipment6.2.40.模样（铸模，模） pattern6.2.41.母模 master pattern6.2.42.金属模 metal pattern6.2.43.骨架模 skeleton pattern6.2.44.石膏模 plaster pattern6.2.45.塑料模 plastic pattern6.2.46.整体模 one-piece pattern6.2.47.分开模 parted pattern,split pattern6.2.48.活块 loose piece6.2.49.模板 pattern plate6.2.50.模底板 pattern mountingplate6.2.51.单面模板 single facepattern plate6.2.52.双面模板 match plate6.2.53.放样（伸图） hot dimensionaldrawing6.2.54.缩尺（模样工缩尺） shrinkagerule, pattern-maker’s rule6.3.芯盒6.3.1.芯盒 core box6.3.2.脱落式芯盒 troughed core box 6.3.3.下芯量具 core setting scale6.3.4.下芯夹具 core jig6.3.5.烘芯板 core drying plate6.3.6.砂箱6.3.7.砂箱 flask, molding box6.3.8.箱带（箱挡） flask bar, crossbar6.3.9.脱箱 snap flask6.3.10.套箱 mold jacket6.3.11.套销 hollow pin, stubpin7.造型及造芯7.1.造型7.1.1.造型 molding7.1.2.型腔 mold cavity7.1.3.铸型（型） mold7.1.4.砂型 sand mold7.1.5.上型（上箱） cope, top part 7.1.6.下型（下箱） drag, bottom part 7.1.7.手工造型 hand molding7.1.8.机器造型 machine molding7.1.9.自动化造型 automatic molding 7.1.10.分型面 mold joint7.1.11.有箱造型 flask molding7.1.12.两箱造型 two-part molding 7.1.13.三箱造型 three-partmolding7.1.14.不平分型面 stepped joint7.1.15.无箱造型 flaskless molding 7.1.16.脱箱造型 removable flaskmolding7.1.17.地坑造型 pit molding7.1.18.刮板造型 sweep molding 7.1.19.抛砂造型 impeller ramming,sand slinging molding7.1.20.组芯造型 core assemblymolding7.1.21.假箱造型 oddside molding7.1.22.微震压实造型 vibratorysqueezing molding7.1.23.高压造型 high pressuremolding7.1.24.湿砂型（湿型，潮型） greensand mold7.1.25.砂型烘干 mold drying7.1.26.干砂型（干型）dry sand mold 7.1.27.表面烘干型 skin dried mold 7.1.28.烂砂泥型 loam mold7.1.29.砂床 bed7.1.30.过渡角 transition angle7.1.31.吊砂 cod7.1.32.砂钩 lifter7.1.33.负压造型（真空密封造型）vacuum molding7.1.34.流态砂造型 fluid sandmolding7.1.35.漏模 pattern stripping7.1.36.填砂 mold-filling7.1.37.紧实（紧砂，舂砂） ramming 7.1.38.震实 jolt ramming7.1.39.压实 squeezing ramming7.1.40.紧实度 degree of ramming 7.1.41.二氧化碳法造型 CO2process 7.1.42.自硬砂造型 self-hardeningsand molding7.1.43.塞砂 tucking7.1.44.刮砂 strike-off7.1.45.造型生产线 molding line7.1.46.刷水 swabbing7.1.47.敲模 rapping7.1.48.起模（拔模） stripping7.1.49.扎出气孔 venting7.1.50.排气道 venting channel7.1.51.修型 patching7.1.52.冷铁 densener, chill7.1.53.外冷铁 surface densener7.1.54.内冷铁 internal densener7.1.55.验型（验箱） trial closing 7.1.56.合型（合箱，组型） moldassembling, closing7.2.造芯7.2.1.造芯（制芯） core making7.2.2.芯（芯子） core7.2.3.芯骨 core rod, core scab7.2.4.油砂芯 oil sand core7.2.5.预制芯 embeded core, ram upcore7.2.6.芯头 core print7.2.7.芯座 core print7.2.8.芯头斜度 core print taper7.2.9.芯头间隙 core print clearance 7.2.10.壳芯 shell core7.2.11.烘芯 core baking7.2.12.通气蜡线 vent wax7.2.13.冷芯盒法 cold box process 7.2.14.热芯盒法 hot box process7.2.15.芯撑 chaplet7.2.16.造型工具7.2.17.造型工具 hand tools ofmolding7.2.18.压勺 heart and spoon7.2.19.提沟 cleaner 7.2.20.双头铜勺（秋叶） double endedradius sleeker7.2.21.镘刀 trowel7.2.22.造型及造芯设备7.2.23.造型机 molding machine7.2.24.压实造型机 squeezingmolding machine7.2.25.震击台 bumper7.2.26.振动台 vibrating table7.2.27.微震压实造型机 vibratorysqueezer7.2.28.震实造型机 jolt moldingmachine7.2.29.高压造型机 high pressuremolding machine7.2.30.射压造型机 shooting andsqueezing molding machine7.2.31.多触头造型机 equalizingpiston squeezer7.2.32.抛砂机 sand slinger7.2.33.起模机 drawing machine7.2.34.射砂机 core shooter7.2.35.挤芯机 core extruder7.2.36.铸型输送机 mold conveyor8.铸件落砂及清理8.1.落砂及清理8.1.1.落砂 shake-out, knock-out8.1.2.除芯 decoring8.1.3.噴砂清理 sand blasting8.1.4.抛丸清理 shot blasting8.1.5.水力清砂 hydraulic cleaning8.1.6.水砂清砂 hydraulic blast8.1.7.清理 cleaning, fettling8.1.8.清砂 cleaning8.1.9.火焰表面清理 scarfing8.1.10.清铲 chipping8.1.11.化学清砂 chemical cleaning 8.1.12.精整 dressing and finishing 8.1.13.落砂机 knock-out machine8.1.14.抛丸清理机 shot blastmachine8.1.15.清理滚筒 tumbling barrel8.1.16.抛丸落砂清理设备 shotblast reclaiming equipment8.1.17.悬挂式磨轮 swing framegrinder8.1.18.修补及矫正8.1.19.矫正 coining, straightening 8.1.20.焊补 repair welding8.1.21.渗补 impregnation8.1.22.特种铸造8.1.23.金属型铸造8.1.24.金属型铸造 permanent moldcasting, gravity die casting8.1.25.金属型 metal mold8.1.26.金属芯 metal core8.1.27.覆砂金属型 sand-lined metalmold8.1.28.排气塞 venting plug8.1.29.排气槽 air vent8.1.30.龟裂 heat checking8.1.31.金属型铸造机 gravity diecasting machine9.压力铸造9.1.压力铸造（压铸） die casting,pressure die casting9.2.压铸型 die-casting die, die9.3.动型 moving die, ejector diehalf9.4.定型 fixed die, cover die half 9.5.合型力 clamping force , dielocking force9.6.压室 pressure chamber9.7.鹅颈管 gooseneck9.8.分流器 spreader, sprue spreader 9.9.顶杆 ejector pin9.10.溢流槽 overflow well9.11.压射冲头（压室） injectionpiston, plunger9.12.压射比压 injection pressure9.13.压射速度 injection speed9.14.保压时间 dwell time9.15.真空压铸 evacuated diecasting, vacuum die casting9.16.充氧压铸 pore-free die casting 9.17.双冲头压铸（精速密压铸）acurad(accurate) die casting9.18.压铸机 die casting machine9.19.冷室压铸机 cold chamber diecasting machine9.20.热室压铸机 hot chamber diecasting machine9.21.镶铸法 insert process9.22.离心铸造9.23.离心铸造 true centrifugalcasting9.24.半离心铸造 semi-centrifugalcasting9.25.离心浇注 centrifugal pressurecasting, centrifuge casting9.26.双金属离心铸造 bimetalcentrifugal casting9.27.离心铸造机 centrifugal castingmachine10.熔模铸造10.1.失模铸造 lost patterncasting10.2.熔模铸造（失蜡铸造） fusiblepattern molding, lost-waxmolding10.3.压制熔模 fusible patterninjection10.4.压型 pattern die10.5.熔模 fusible pattern10.6.盐模salt pattern10.7.蜡模 wax-pattern10.8.模组 pattern assembly10.9.熔模涂料（浆料） slurry10.10.面层涂料 investment precoat 10.11.撒砂 stuccoing10.12.脱蜡 dewaxing10.13.熔烧 sintering10.14.壳型铸造10.15.壳型铸造 shell molding10.16.结壳时间 investing time10.17.结壳温度 investing temperature 10.18.硬化温度 curing temperature 10.19.硬化时间 curing time10.20.其它铸造方法10.21.陶瓷型铸造 ceramic molding 10.22.陶瓷型浆料 ceramic slurry10.23.灌浆 paste pouring10.24.喷烧 torch firing10.25.低压铸造 low-pressure diecasting10.26.充型压力 mold fillingpressure10.27.保压压力 dwell pressure10.28.升液管 stalk10.29.真空吸铸 suction casting 10.30.差压铸造（反压铸造）counter-pressure casting10.31.实型铸造 full mold process,cavityless casting10.32.泡沫塑料模 styrofoam pattern 10.33.磁型铸造（磁丸铸造） magneticshot molding process10.34.凝壳铸造 slush casting10.35.石膏型铸造 plaster molding10.36.连续铸造 continuous casting11.铸件质量及铸件缺陷11.1.铸件质量基本术语11.1.1.铸件检验 inspection ofcasting11.1.2.铸件质量分析 qualityanalysis of casting11.1.3.铸件外观质量 visual qualityof casting11.1.4.铸件内在质量 internalquality of casting11.1.5.铸件使用性能 serviceability of casting11.1.6.单铸试块 separated testbar of casting11.1.7.附铸试块 test lug11.1.8.缺陷铸件 defective casting 11.1.9.废品 reject11.1.10.无损检验（无损探伤）nondestructive inspection11.1.11.破坏性试验 destructivetesting11.1.12.多肉类缺陷11.1.13.飞翅（飞边） joint flash11.1.14.毛刺 veining11.1.15.抬型（抬箱） cope raise ,raised mold11.1.16.胀箱 swell11.1.17.冲砂 erosion, cut, wash 11.1.18.掉砂 drop, crush11.1.19.外渗物（外渗豆） sweat11.2.孔洞类缺陷11.2.1.气孔 blow hole11.2.2.针孔 pinhole11.2.3.缩孔 shrinkage11.2.4.缩松 dispersed shrinkage 11.2.5.疏松（显微缩松） porositymicroshrinkage11.2.6.裂纹、冷隔类缺陷11.2.7.冷裂 cold cracking11.2.8.热裂 hot tearing11.2.9.热处理裂纹 heat treatmentcrack11.2.10.白点（发裂） flake11.2.11.冷隔 cold shut, cold lap 11.2.12.浇注断流 interrupted pour 11.2.13.表面缺陷11.2.14.鼠尾 rat-tail11.2.15.沟漕 buckle11.2.16.夹砂结疤（夹砂） scab11.2.17.机械粘砂（渗透粘砂） metalpenetration11.2.18.化学粘砂（烧结粘砂）burn-on 11.2.19.表面粗糙 rough surface11.2.20.皱皮 elephant skin11.2.21.缩陷 depression11.2.22.残缺类缺陷11.2.23.浇不到 misrun11.2.24.未浇满 poured short11.2.25.跑火 run-out, bleeding 11.2.26.型漏（漏箱）run-out, bleeding 11.2.27.损伤（机械损伤）damage11.2.28.形状及重量差错类缺陷11.2.29.拉长 exaggeration ofdimension11.2.30.超重 over-weight11.2.31.变形 distortion, warping 11.2.32.错型（错箱） shift11.2.33.错芯 core shift11.2.34.偏芯（漂芯） core raised,corelift11.3.夹杂类缺陷11.3.1.夹杂物 inclusion11.3.2.冷豆 cold shot11.3.3.内渗物（内渗豆） internalsweat11.3.4.渣气孔 scum, slag-blow hole 11.3.5.砂眼 sand inclusion11.3.6.性能、成分、组织不合格11.3.7.亮皮 pearlite layer11.3.8.菜花头 cauli-flowering11.3.9.石墨飘浮 carbon floatation 11.3.10.石墨集结 kish graphite spot 11.3.11.组织粗大 open grainstructure11.3.12.偏析 segregation11.3.13.硬点 hard spot11.3.14.反白口 inverse chill11.3.15.球化不良 under-nodularizing 11.3.16.球化衰退 degradatedspheroidisation11.3.17.脱碳 decarburization。
铸造术语[1]
![铸造术语[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/0e425f39de80d4d8d15a4f4b.png)
铸造术语[1]一、基本术语1.铸造：casting , founding , foundry2.砂型铸造：Sand casting process3.特种铸造：Special casting process4.铸件：casting5.毛坯铸件：Rough casting6.砂型铸件：Sand casting7.试制铸件：Pilot casting8.铸态铸件：as-cast casting9.铸型[型]：mold10.铸造工艺：Casting process, foundry technology11.铸造用材料：Foundry materials12.铸造工艺材料：Consumable materials13.铸造设备：Foundry equipment, foundry facilities14.铸工：Caster, founder, foundry worker15.铸造工作者：foundryman16.铸造车间：Foundry shop17.铸造厂：Foundry18.铸造分厂：Attached foundry, captive foundry, tied foundry19.铸造三废：Foundry affluent20.一批： A batch21.一炉： A cast, a heat, a melt22.铸焊：Cast welding, flow welding23.铸锭：ingot二、铸造合金及熔炼、浇注2.1铸造合金基础术语1.铸造合金：Cast alloy2.共晶合金系：Eutectic alloy system3.共晶合金：Eutectic alloy4.亚共晶合金：Hypoeutectic alloy5.过共晶合金：Hypereutectic alloy6.共晶团：Eutectic cell7.共晶温度：Eutectic temperature8.共晶转变：Eutectic reaction, eutectic transformation9.共晶组织：Eutectic structure10.铸造复合材料：Cast composite11.定向共晶复合材料：Directional eutectic composite12.非晶态合金：noncrystalline alloy13.合金元素：Alloying element14.杂质合金：Tramp element15.合金遗传性：Alloy heredity16.铸态组织：As-cast structure17.铁碳相图：iron-carbon phase diagram18.碳化物：Carbide19.渗碳物：cementite20.碳化物形成元素：Carbide forming element21.单铸试块：Separated test bar of casting22.附铸试块：test lug23.本体试样：Test specimen from casting itself24.过热：Superheating25.过冷：supercooling, undercooling26.成分过冷：constitutional supercooling27.过冷度：degree of undercooling28.加热相变点[Ac相变点]：Ac transformation temperature29.冷却相变点[Ar相变点]：Ar transformation temperature30.结晶：Crystallization31.形核[成核]：Nucleation32.均质形核[自发形核]：Homogeneous nucleation33.非均质形核[非自发形核]：Heterogeneous nucleation34.动力形核：Dynamic nucleation35.大冲击形核：Big bang nucleation36.形核剂：nucleant37.形核率：Nucleation rate38.成长：Growth39.内生生长：Endogenous growth40.外生生长：Exogenous growth41.共生生长：Coupled growth42.小平面型生长：Faceted growth43.非小平面生长：nonfaceted growth44.晶体生长界面[界面]：Growth interface of crystal, interface45.吸气（金属）：Gas absorption (metal)2.2铸钢1.铸钢：Cast steel2.铸造碳钢：Carbon cast steel3.铸造合金钢：Alloy cast steel4.低合金铸钢：Low alloy cast steel5.微量合金化铸钢：Micro-alloying cast steel, trace alloying cast steel6.铁素体铸钢：ferritic cast steel7.奥氏体铸钢：Austenitic cast steel8.不锈钢：Stainless steel9.无磁性铸钢：Non-magnetic cast steel10.高锰钢：Austenitic manganese steel, high manganese steel11.高强度铸钢：High strength cast steel12.超高强度铸钢：Ultra high strength cast steel13.耐磨铸钢：Wear resisting cast steel14.耐热铸钢：Heat resisting cast steel15.耐蚀铸钢：Corrosion resisting cast steel16.石墨钢：Graphitic steel17.铸钢锚链钢：Cast steel for chain cables2.3铸铁1.铸铁：Cast iron2.合成铸铁：Synthetic cast iron3.共晶铸铁：Eutectic cast iron4.亚共晶铸铁：Hypoeutectic cast iron5.过共晶铸铁：Hypereutectic cast iron6.灰铸铁[片墨铸铁]：Flake graphite cast iron, gray cast iron7.球墨铸铁[球铁]：ductile iron, nodular graphite iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron8.高韧性球墨铸铁：High ductility nodular graphite iron9.中锰球墨铸铁：Medium manganese ductile iron10.中硅球墨铸铁：Medium silicon nodular iron11.可锻铸铁[马铁]：Malleable cast iron12.白心可锻铸铁：White heart malleable cast iron13.黑心可锻铸铁：Black heart malleable cast iron14.花心可锻铸铁：partially graphitized makkeable cast iron15.铁素体可锻铸铁：ferritic malleable cast iron16.珠光体可锻铸铁：pearlitic malleable cast iron17.球墨可锻铸铁：spheroidal graphite malleable cast iron18.蠕墨铸铁[蠕铁，紧密石墨铁]：Vermicular graphite cast iron, compacted graphite cast iron19.白口铸铁：White cast iron20.麻口铸铁：Mottled cast iron21.奥氏体铸铁：Austenitic cast iron22.贝氏体铸铁：bainitic cast iron23.贝氏体球墨铸铁：bainitic ductile cast iron, austferritic ductile cast iron24.等温热处理球墨铸铁：austempered ductile iron, ADI25.贝氏体白口铸铁：bainitic white cast iron26.针状铸铁：Acicular cast iron27.马氏体铸铁：martensitic cast iron28.铁素体铸铁：ferritic cast iron29.珠光体铸铁：pearlitic cast iron30.索氏体铸铁：sorbitic cast iron31.合金铸铁：Alloy cast iron32.低合金铸铁：Low alloy cast iron33.铬铸铁：Chromium cast iron34.高铬铸铁：High chromium cast iron35.高硅铸铁：High silicon cast iron36.中硅铸铁：Medium silicon cast iron37.高磷铸铁：High phosphorus cast iron38.铝铸铁：Aluminum cast iron39.高铝铸铁：High aluminum cast iron40.镍铸铁：Nickel cast iron41.硼铸铁：Boron cast iron42.高级铸铁：High grade cast iron43.高强度铸铁：High duty cast iron, high strength cast iron44.工程铸铁：Engineering cast iron45.特种铸铁：Special cast iron46.抗磨铸铁：Abrasion resistant cast iron47.冷硬铸铁[激冷铸铁]：Chilled cast iron48.耐磨铸铁：Wear resisting cast iron49.耐热铸铁：Heat resisting cast iron50.耐蚀铸铁：Corrosion resistant cast iron51.耐酸铸铁：Acid resisting cast iron52.密烘铸铁：Meehanite cast iron53.孕育铸铁：Inoculated cast iron54.总碳量：Total carbon55.碳当量：Carbon equivalent56.碳当量仪：eutectometer57.共晶度：Carbon saturation degree58.硅碳比：Silicon-carbon ratio59.锰硫比：manganese-sulphur ratio60.铸铁石墨形态：Graphite morphology of cast iron61.片状石墨[片墨]：Flake graphite62.球状石墨[球墨]：Nodular graphite, spheroidal carbon63.絮团状石墨[退火碳]：Temper graphite, annealing carbon64.团絮石墨：quasi-spheroidal temper graphite65.蠕虫状石墨[蠕墨、紧密石墨]：Compacted graphite, vermicular graphite66.开花状石墨：Exploded graphite67.初生石墨：Primary graphite68.过冷石墨：undercooled graphite69.共晶石墨：Eutectic graphite70.共晶碳化物：Eutectic carbide71.游离碳：Free carbon72.石墨化：graphitizing73.石墨退火化：graphitizing annealing74.石墨化度：graphitizing grade75.石墨化因子：graphitizing factor76.石墨面积率：Percentage of graphite area77.阻碍石墨化元素：hindered graphitizing element78.墨化剂：graphitizer79.石墨球化处理[球化处理]：nodularizing treatment of graphite80.球化率：percent of spheroidization81.石墨球数[球墨数]：number of nodular graphites82.球化剂：nodulizer, nodulizing alloy, spheroidal agent, spheroidizer83.镁焦：magcoke, impregnated coke84.型内球化：in-mold nodularization85.密容加镁包：sealed spheroidizing treatment ladle86.干扰元素：Interference element87.石墨蠕化处理[蠕化处理]：vermiculation of graphite88.蠕化剂：vermicular agent89.蠕化率：percent of vermiculation90.铸铁净化：Purification of cast iron91.三角试块：Wedge test-piece2.4铸造有色合金1.铸造有色合金[铸造非铁合金]：Nonferrous cast alloy2.铸造铝合金：Cast aluminum alloy3.高强度铸造铝合金：High strength cast aluminum alloy4.铝硅合金：Aluminum-silicon alloy5.共晶铝硅合金：Eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy6.亚共晶铝硅合金：Hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy7.过共晶铝硅合金：Hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy8.初生硅：Primary silicon phase9.共晶硅：Eutectic silicon phase10.铝镁合金：Aluminum-magnesium alloy11.铝铜合金：Aluminum-copper alloy12.铝锌合金：Aluminum-zinc alloy13.铝锂合金：Aluminum-lithium alloy14.铸造铜合金：Cast copper alloy15.铸造黄铜：Cast brass16.硅黄铜：Silicon brass17.高强度黄铜：High strength brass18.青铜：Bronze19.锡青铜：Tin bronze20.铝青铜：Aluminum bronze21.铅青铜：Lead bronze22.硅青铜：Silicon bronze23.铸造铜铬合金[铬青铜]：Cast copper-chromium alloy24.高阻尼铜合金：High damping copper alloy25.螺旋桨用铸造铜合金：Cast copper alloy for propeller26.铸造镁合金：Cast magnesium alloy27.铸造锌合金：Cast zinc alloy28.低熔点合金：Fusible alloys29.轴承合金[减摩合金]：antifrictional alloys, bearing alloys30.巴氏合金：Babbitt metal, white metal31.钛合金：Titanium alloy32.铸造高温合金：cast superalloy33.镍基铸造高温合金：nickel-base cast superalloy34.蒙乃尔合金：monel metal35.钴基铸造高温合金：cobalt-base cast superalloy36.铁基铸造高温合金：iron-base cast superalloy37.压铸合金：diecast alloy38.压铸铝合金：aluminium alloy39.铸压镁合金：magnesium diecast alloy40.压铸铜合金：copper diecast alloy41.压铸锌合金：zinc diecast alloy42.锌当量：Zinc equivalent2.5熔炼基本术语1.熔炼：Smelting2.熔化率：Melting rate3.熔炼损耗[熔损、烧损]：Total melting loss4.挥发损耗：Volatilizing loss5.元素烧损：Melting of alloying element6.元素增加：Gain of element7.熔池：Bath8.溶剂：Flux9.除气剂：Degassing flux10.覆盖剂：Covering flux11.炉料：Charge12.金属炉料：Metallic charge13.中间合金[母合金]：Master alloy14.回炉料：Foundry returns15.废金属料：Scrap16.炉料计算[配料]：Charge calculation17.熔渣[炉渣]：Slag18.沉渣：Sludge19.浮渣：Cinder, dross, scum20.碱性渣：Basic slag21.酸性渣：Acid slag22.造渣：Slag forming23.出渣：deslagging24.出渣口：Slag hole, slag notch25.炉衬：Furnace lining26.碱性炉衬：Basic lining27.酸性炉衬：Acid lining28.耐火粘土：Fireclay29.碱度[碱性指数]：index of basicity30.补炉：Patching31.炉龄[炉衬寿命]：Furnace campaign32.开炉：Blowing in, power on33.炉内气氛：Furnace atmosphere34.炉气分析：Flue gas analysis35.控制气氛：Controlled atmosphere36.炉前分析：On-the-spot sample analysis37.出炉口：Tap hole38.出炉温度：Tapping temperature39.重熔：remelting40.真空自耗电弧重熔：Consumable electrode vacuum arc refining41.喷射冶金：Injection metallurgy42.区域熔炼：Zone melting43.悬浮熔炼：Levitation melting, suspension melting44.真空熔炼：Vacuum melting45.坩埚炉：Crucible furnace46.坩埚：Crucible, pot47.保温炉：Holding furnace48.反射炉：reverberatory furnace49.感应电炉：Electric induction furnace50.凝壳炉：Skull furnace51.增碳：recarburizing2.6铸钢熔炼1.铸钢熔炼：Smelting of steel2.不氧化熔炼法：Dead melting3.氧化熔炼法：Oxidizing melting4.氧化期[沸腾期]：Oxidizing stage, boil stage5.氧化气氛：Oxidizing atmosphere6.氧化渣：Oxidizing slag7.还原期：Blocking stage, deoxidizing stag8.还原气氛：Reducing atmosphere9.还原渣：Reducing slag10.白渣：White slag11.电弧炉：Electric arc furnace, direct electric arc furnace 12碱性电弧炉：Basic electric arc furnace13.酸性电弧炉：Acid electric arc furnace14.电渣熔炼：Electro-slag melting15.电渣炉：Electro-slag furnace16.氩氧脱碳法[AOD法]：AOD process, Argon-Oxygen Decarburization process17.脱碳：decarburization18.脱氧：deoxidation19.脱氧剂：deoxidizer20.脱磷：dephosphorization21.脱硫desulphurization22.脱硫剂desulphurizer2.7铸铁熔炼1.铸铁熔炼：smelting of cast iron2.双联熔炼：duplexing smelting3.冲天炉：cupola4.大间距双排风口冲天炉：spacious twin-tuyeres cupola,Twin-wind blast system cupola5.多排小风口冲天炉：multiple row small tuyeres cupola6.卡腰冲天炉：Waist shaped cupola7.热风冲天炉：hot blast cupola8.水冷冲天炉：water-cooled cupola9.水冷热风无炉衬冲天炉：hot blast liningless cupola with water cooling10.无焦冲天炉：cokeless cupola11.碱性冲天炉：basic cupola12.酸性冲天炉：acid cupola13.生铁：pig iron14.铸造生铁：foundry pig iron15.焦炭：coke16.铸造焦炭[铸造焦]：foundry coke17.固定碳：fixed carbon18.铁焦比[焦比]：iron coke ratio19.底焦：coke bed20.层焦：coke split21.隔焦：extra split22.接力焦：buffer coke charge23.铁合金：ferro-alloy24.有效高度：effective height25.炉缸：cupola well26.前炉：forehearth27密筋炉胆：ribbed preheating jacket28.出铁槽：cupola spout29.熔化带：melting zone30.风带：air belt, air box, wind box31.风口：tuyere32.风口比：tuyere ratio33.炉壁效应：cupola wall effect34.冲天炉特性曲线：cupola operation chart35.冲天炉炉前控制：front control of molten iron of cupola,inspection in front of cupola36.冲天炉检控仪：tester and controller for cupola melting37.熔化密度：melting intensity38.风量：blast volume39.送风速度：blast intensity40.送风压力：blast pressure41.富氧送风：oxygen enriched blast42.脱湿送风：dehumidification blast43.预热送风：hot blast44.送风预热器：blast preheater45.火花捕集器：spark arrestor46.冲天炉加料机：cupola charging machine47.爬式加料机：skip hoist48.冲天炉自动加料机：automatic cupola charging equipment49.电磁盘：electromagnetic chuck50.电磁配铁秤：electromagnetic weighing balancer51.吸碳：carbon pick-up52.棚料[搭棚]：bridging53.封炉：banking the cupola54.打炉：cupola drop55.碎铁机：breaker2.8金属液处理1.精炼：refining2.真空精炼：vacuum refining3.炉外精炼：ladle refining4.精炼溶剂[精炼剂]：refining flux5.除气[起气]：degassing6.真空除气：vacuum degassing7.吹气净化：blow purifying8.多孔塞法：porous plug process9.变质：modification10.变质剂：modification agent, modificator11.磷变质：phosphorus modification12.钠变质：sodium modification13.长效变质剂：permanent modificator14.型内变质：in-mold modification15.孕育：inoculation16.瞬时孕育[后孕育]：instantaneous inoculation,late stage inoculation, post inculation17.随流孕育：metal-stream inoculation18.型内孕育：in-mold inoculation19.浇口盆孕育：pouring basin inoculation20.孕育剂：inoculant, inoculating agent21.孕育期：inoculation period22.孕育衰退：inoculation fading23.孕育不良：abnormal inoculation, under-inoculation24.合金化处理：alloying treatment25.喂线法[喂丝法]：CQ process, wire feeding process,wire injection process26.摇包：shaking ladle27.电磁搅拌：electromagnetic agitation28.静置：holding, stewing29.扒渣：slagging-off30.型内过滤：in-mold filtering31.型内合金化：in-mold alloying32.晶粒细化：grain refinement33.晶粒细化剂：grain refiner2.9浇注1.浇注：pouring2.保护气氛浇注：pouring under controlled atmosphere3.真空浇注：vacuum pouring4.自动浇注装置：automatic pouring device5.自动浇注机：automatic pouring machine6.电磁浇注机：electromagnetic pouring machine7.捣冒口：churning, pumping8.点冒口[补注]：hot topping up, teeming9.浇包：ladle10.底浇包：bottom pouring ladle11.转运包：transfer ladle12.金属残液：heel13.冷金属：cold metal14.压铁：weight三、造型材料3.1基本术语1.造型材料：molding material2.铸造用砂[砂]：foundry sand, sand3.原砂[新砂]：base sand, new sand, raw sand4.旧砂：used sand5.回用砂：reconditioned sand6.再生砂：reclaimed sand]7.枯砂[焦砂]：burned sand]8.热砂：hot sand9.废砂：waste sand3.2原砂1.标准砂：standard sand2.硅砂[石英砂]：silica sand3.刚玉砂：alumina sand4.镁砂：magnesite sand5.锆砂：zircon sand6.镁橄榄石砂[橄榄石砂]：fosterite sand, olivine sand7.铬铁矿砂：chromite sand8.煤矸石砂：coal gangue sand9.熟料砂：chamotte sand10.炭粒砂：carbon sand11.石灰石砂：limestone sand12.天然砂：natural sand13.人工砂[人造砂]：artificial sand14.水洗砂：washed-out sand15.擦洗砂：scrubbed sand16.浮选砂[精选砂]：floated sand17.松散密度[砂型]：aerated density, riddled sand18.原砂细度[AFS平均细度]：AFS fineness number,fineness number,grain fineness number19.原砂细度[原砂颗粒尺寸]：particle size of base sand20.原砂颗粒分布：grain size distribution of base sand21.原砂角形因数[原砂角形系数，原砂粒形系数]：angularity of base sand22.原砂颗粒形状：grain shape of base sand3.3粘结剂1.粘结剂：binder2.无机粘结剂：inorganic binder3.粘土：clay4.高岭土：kaolin5.膨润土：bentonite6.钠基膨润土：sodium bentonite7.钙基膨润土：calcium bentonite8.活化膨润土：activated bentonite9.有机膨润土：organic bentonite10.有效粘土：effective clay11.活粘土：active clay12.枯粘土（死粘土）：burned clay13.白泥：white clay14.水玻璃粘结剂：sodium silicate binder, water glass binder15.水玻璃波美浓度：Be’concentration of water glass16.水玻璃模数：sodium silicate modulus17.有机粘结剂：organic binder18.纸浆废液[纸浆残液，亚硫酸盐纸浆废液]：lignin liquor19.油类粘结剂：oil based binder20.干性油：drying oil21.合脂粘结剂：synthetic fat binder22.渣油粘结剂：residual oil binder23.自硬粘结剂[冷硬粘结剂]：cold setting binder, no bake binderself-hardening binder24.树脂粘结剂：resin binder25.热固性树脂粘结剂：thermosetting resin binder26.热塑性树脂粘结剂：thermoplastic resin binder27.铸造用树脂：foundry resin28.自硬树脂系[非烘树脂系]：no-bake resin system,self-hardening resin system29.气硬树脂系：gas cured resin system30.热硬树脂系：hot hardening resin system31.呋喃树脂：furan resin32.酚醛树脂：phenol-formaldehyde(PF)resin33.碱性酚醛树脂：alkaline phenolic resin34.糖醇：furfuryl-alcohol35.游离甲醛含量：free formaldehyde content36.游离苯醛含量：free phenol content37.粘结效率：bonding efficiency3.4辅助材料1.型砂附加物：sand addlitives2.煤粉：seacoal3.煤粉代用品：seacoal substitutes4.铸型涂料：dressing mold coating, paint5.砂型涂料：sand coating6.模样涂料：pattern paint7.水基涂料：water-base mold coating8.非水基涂料：non-aqueous coating, non-aqueous paint9.自于涂料：self-drying dressing10.摊开系数[铺展系数]：spreading coefficient11.触变性：thixotropy12.悬浮剂：suspending agent13.分型剂：parting agent14.脱模剂：stripping agent15.固化剂[硬化剂]：hardener16.有机酯：organic ester17.溃散剂：break-down accelerator, break-down agent18.发热剂：exothermic mixture19.冒口覆盖剂：riser cover20.补芯膏：core mud4.5型砂和芯砂1.型砂[造型混合料]：molding mixture, molding sand2.芯砂：core sand3.合成砂：synthetic sand4.粘土砂：clay-bonded sand5.天然型砂[天然粘土砂]：natural molding sand,naturally clay-bonded sand6.红砂：red sand7.面砂：facing sand8.背砂[填充砂]：backing sand9.单一砂：unit sand10.调匀砂：temper sand11.湿型砂：green molding sand, green sand12.煤粉：black sand13.烂泥砂[嘛泥]：loam14.油砂：oil-bonded sand15.合脂砂：synthetic fatty acid bonded sand16.石墨型砂：graphite mold sand17.化学硬化砂：chemical hardening sand18.自硬砂：self-hardening sand, no-bake sand19.水泥砂：cement sand20.水玻璃砂：sodium silicate-bonded sand21.酯硬水玻璃砂：ester cured sodium silicate sand,sodium silicate-ester no-bake sand 22.树脂自硬砂：no-bake resin sand,self-hardening resin sand23.呋喃树脂自硬砂：no-bake furan resin sand24.酚醛尿烷树脂自硬砂：pep-set no-bake sand,phenolic resin no-bake sand 25.酯固化碱性酚醛树脂自硬砂：ester cured alkaline phenolicresin no-bake sand26.磷酸盐自硬砂：phosphate no-bake sand27.流态砂：castable sand, fluid sand28.气硬砂[冷芯盒砂]：cold box sand, gas hardening sand29.热硬树脂砂：hot hardening resin sand30.覆膜砂：precoated sand, resin coated sand31.壳型（芯）树脂砂：shell mold (core) resin sand32.热芯盒砂：hot box sand33.结球（型砂）：agglomeration (molding sand)3.6型砂性能及试验1.型砂试验：sand testing2.原砂试验：base sand testing3.型砂试样：sand specimen4.型砂膨胀试验：sand expansion testing5.型砂高温试验：elevated temperature testing of sands6.差热分析：differential thermal analysis7.型砂试验仪：sand tester8.铸造用标准筛：standard sieves for foundry9.筛析：screen analysis10.沉降分选：decantation, elutriation11.型砂强度：sand strength12.湿强度：green strength13.干强度：dry strength14.热强度：hot strength15.热湿拉强度：hot wet tensile strength16.风干强度：air dried strength17.型砂韧度：toughness18.破碎指数：shatter index19.起模性：liftability20.表面安定性：surface stability index(SSI)21.残留强度：retained strength22.溃散性：collapsibility23.落砂性：knockout capability24.砂型（芯）硬度：mold hardness25.紧实度：degree of ramming26.紧实率：compactability27.舂实性：rammability28.流动性（砂）：flowability(sand)29.成型性：moldability30.孔隙率：porosity31.透气孔：permeability32.发气量[发气性]：gas evolution33.发气率[发气速度]：gas evolution rate34.退让性[容让性]：deformability rate35.热变形[型砂]：hot deformation (mold sand)36.吸湿性：moisture absorption37.粘模性：stickiness38.保存性（型砂）：preservability(mold sand)39.可使用时间：bench life, working time40.型砂耐火度：refractoriness of molding sand41.微粉含量：micro-grains content42.含泥量：clay content43.含水量[水分]：moisture content44.型砂酸碱度值[型砂pH值]：pH value of sand45.酸耗值：acid demand value46.灼烧减量[灼减]：loss on ignition47.型砂缺陷倾向：defect tendency of molding sand48.胶质价：colloid index49.膨润值：swelling value50.膨胀指数：swelling index51.吸蓝量试验：methylene blue value test52.有效膨润土量：effective bentonite content53.耐用性[复用性]：durability54.涂刷性：brushability55.覆膜砂熔点：melting point of precoated sand四、铸造工艺设计及工艺装备4.1基本术语1.铸造性能：castability2.流动性(金属)：fluidity(metal)3.充型能力：mold-folling capacity4.充型流速[浇注]：delivery rate, pouring rate5.充型时间：filling time6.浇注温度：pouring temperature7.比浇注速度：specific pouring rate8.浇注时间：pouring time9.平衡分配系数：equilibrium distribution,equilibrium partition ratio10.凝固：solidification11.凝固温度范围：solidification range12.凝固时间：solidification time13.均衡凝固：proportional solidification14.同时凝固：simultaneous solidification15.顺序凝固[方向凝固]：directional solidification16.无溶质再分配凝固[无偏析凝固]：partitionless solidification,segregationless solidification17.收缩：contraction18.液态收缩：liquid contraction19.凝固收缩：solidification contraction20.固态收缩：solid contraction21.液-固收缩：liquid-solid contraction22.自由收缩：free contraction23.受阻收缩：hindered contraction24.收缩余量：shrinkage allowance25.缩前膨胀[共晶石墨化膨胀]：eutectic graphitizing expansion26.收缩应力：contraction stress27.热应力：thermal stress28.相变应力：phase change stress,transformation stress29.铸造应力：casting stress30.残留应力[残余应力]：residual stress31.合金线收缩率[自由线收缩率]：alloy linear contraction,free linear contraction coefficient 32.铸件线收缩率：casting linear contraction coefficient,casting linear shirinkage coefficient 33.热裂倾向性：tendency to hot tearing4.2铸件工艺设计1.铸造工艺设计：casting process design2.铸造工艺计算机辅助设计[铸造工艺CAD]：computer-aided design of the castingprocess, casting process CAD3.实体造型：constructive soild geometry,solid modeling4.充型分析：mold filling analysis5.铸造工艺装备设计：foundry tools design6.铸造工艺图：foundry molding drawing7.铸造工艺卡：foundry process card8.铸型装配图：mold assembly drawing9.铸件图[毛坯图]：mold assembly rough casting10.铸造工艺设备：preparation for casting technique11.铸件设计：casting design12.铸件基准面：reference face for machining of casting13.铸合结构：cast fabricated constructure14.分型面：mold joint, mold parting, parting face15.不平分型面：irregular joint, irregular parting,match parting16.阶梯分型面：stepped joint, stepped parting17.过渡角：transition angle18.分型负数：joint allowance, parting allowance19.浇注位置：pouring position20.工艺补正量：design modification, molding allowance21.吃砂量：mold thickness22.补贴：pad23.交接壁：intersection24.十字交接[Ⅹ形交接]：x-junction25.内圆角[圆角]：fillet26.热节：hot spot27.铸筋[铸肋]：ribs28.加强筋[加强肋]：stiffening ribs29.冷铁：densener, chill30.外冷铁：surface densener31.内冷铁：internal densener32.暗冷铁：coated chill, indirect chill33.强制冷却：forced cooling34.起模斜度：pattern draft35.上型[上箱]：cope, top part36.下型[下箱]：bottom part, drag37.型冷时间：mold cooling time38.型腔：mold cavity39.造型余量：molding allowance40.砂芯设计：sand core design41.芯头：core print42.芯头间隙：core print clearance43.芯头斜度：core taper44.芯座：core seat45.定位芯头：locating print46.加大芯头：enlarged core print,strengthened core print47.工艺孔：technological hole48.铸件凝固数值模拟：numerical simulation of casting solidification49.前处理：pre-processing50.潜热处理：latent heat treatment51.网格剖分：enmeshment, mesh generation4.3浇冒口系统1.浇注系统：gating system, running system2.浇注系统设计：design of gating system3.浇道比：gating ratio4.封闭式浇注系统：choked running system, pressurized gatingsystem5.半封闭式浇注系统：enlarged runner system6.开放式浇注系统：non-pressurized gating system,unchoked running system7.阶梯式浇注系统：step gating system8.缝隙式浇注系统：slot gate system9.离心集渣浇注系统：whirl gate dirt trap system10.阻流浇注系统：choked runner system11.冒口浇注系统：feeder head gating, riser gating12.顶注式浇注系统：top gating system13.雨淋式浇注系统：shower gate system14.底注式浇注系统：bottom gating system15.中注式浇注系统：parting-line gating system16.垂直浇注系统：vertical gate system17.等流量浇注系统：equal-volume pressurized system,flow-rate equalized gating18.阻流截面：choked area19.大孔出流：large orifice discharge20.浇口盆[外浇口]：pouring basin21.浇口塞：blanking-off plug22.浇口杯：pouring cup23.直浇道：sprue24.直浇道窝：sprue base25.横浇道：runner26.集渣横浇道：skim runner27.集渣装置（浇注系统）：dirt traps ( in gating system )28.反应室（浇注系统）：reaction chamber ( in gating system )29.内浇道：ingate30.压边浇口：lip runner, kiss runner31.牛角浇口：horn gate32.挡渣片：baffle core33.过滤片[过滤网]：filter screen, strainer core34.冒口：riser, feeder head35.明冒口：open riser36.暗冒口：blind riser37.侧冒口：side riser38.热冒口：hot riser, hot top39.保温冒口：insulating riser40.发热冒口：exothermic riser41.电热冒口：electric arc feed42.压力冒口：pressure riser43.发气压力冒口：gas-delivered pressure riser44.大气压力冒口：atmospheric riser45.易割冒口：knock-off head46.离心集渣冒口：whirl-gate riser47.冷冒口：cold riser48.出气冒口[出气口]：flow off, pop, riser vent, whistler49.冒口设计：riser design50.内接圆法：inscribed circle method51.模数计算法（冒口）：moduli calculation method52.周界商：perimetrischen quotient53.冒口效率：riser efficiency54.补缩：feeding55.有效补缩距离：effective feeding distance,feeding zone56.补缩通道：feeding channel57.反补缩：inverse feeding58.冒口根：riser pad59.冒口颈：riser neck60.冒口圈：feeder bush, riser bush61.冒口套：heat insulating feeder sleeve62.冒口窝：riser base63.冒口高度：riser height64.易割片：knockoff core, washburn core4.4铸造工艺设备1.铸造工艺设备：foundry tools equipment2.模板：pattern plate3.组合模板：composite pattern plate4.双面模板：match plate5.单面模板：single face pattern plate6.模板图：pattern plate drawing7.模板设计：pattern plate design8.缩尺[模样工放尺]：pattern-maker＇s rule ,shrinkage rule9.放样[伸图]：hot dimensional drawing, layout10.模底板：pattern mounting plate11.模样[铸模、模]：pattern12.祖模：grand master pattern13.母模：master pattern14.金属模：metal pattern15.木模：wooden pattern16.石膏模：plaster pattern17.塑料模：plastic pattern18.骨架模：skeleton pattern19.单位模：loose pattern20.整体模：one-piece pattern, solid pattern21.分块模[分开模]：loose pattern, split pattern22.分模面：parting line23.模样分级：pattern classification24.活块：loose piece25.砂箱：flask, molding box26.组合砂箱：built up molding box27.砂箱设计：flask design28.套箱：mold jacket29.套销：hollow pin, stub pin30.箱带[箱挡]：cross bar, flask bar31.芯盒：core box32.芯盒设计：core box design33.芯盒图：core box drawing34.对开芯盒：half core box35.脱落式芯盒：troughed core box36.分盒面：parting of core box五、砂型铸造5.1砂处理1.型砂制备[砂处理]：sand preparation2.型砂质量控制：sand quality control3.型砂水分控制设备：automatic moisture controller of sand4.旧砂处理：sand reconditioning5.旧砂再生：sand reclamation6.旧砂热法再生：thermal reclamation of used sand7.旧砂湿法再生：wet reclamation of used sand8.旧砂干法再生：dry reclamation of used sand9.旧砂回用率：reusable rate of used sand10.砂冷却：sand cooling11.热砂冷却装置：hot sand cooler12.砂温调节器：sand temperature modulator13.冷却提升机：coolelevator, cooling elevator14.热气流烘砂装置：hot pneumatic tube drier15.沸腾床：fluidized bed16.滚筒筛：rotary screen, drum screen17.磁力滚筒：magnetic separator18.滚筒破碎筛：drum breaking screen19.筛砂机：riddle20.原砂擦洗机：sand scrubber21.轮碾机：roller22.配砂：formulation of sand mixture23.预混：premixing24.混砂：sand mixing, sand mulling25.混砂机：sand mixer, sand muller26.连续混砂机：continuous sand mixer27.碗形混砂机：cup-type sand mixer28.树脂自硬砂混砂机：no-bake resin sand mixer29.松砂：aeration, sand-cutting30.松砂机：aerator, sand cutter31.回性[调匀]（型砂）：homogenization of sand,temper of molding sand32.除尘器：dust catcher, dust collector5.2造型1.造型：molding2.有箱造型：flask molding3.无箱造型：flaskless molding4.手工造型：hand molding5.机器造型：machine molding6.地坑造型：pit molding7.地面造型：floor molding8.叠箱造型：stack molding9.多箱造型：multiple-part molding10.两箱造型：two-part molding11.假箱造型：oddside molding12.劈箱造型：split box molding13.脱箱造型：removable flask molding14.刮板造型：sweep molding15.抛砂造型：impeller ramming,sand slinging molding16.漏模造型：stripping plate molding17.模板造型：pattern plate molding18.实物造型：machine part reproduced molding19.组芯造型：core assembly molding20.微振压实造型：vibratory squeezing molding21.高压造型：high pressure molding22.射压造型：injection and squeeze molding23.负压造型[真空密封造型，V法造型]：vacuum molding24.气冲造型：air impact molding25.静压造型：air-flow press molding,static pressure molding26.切削造型法：molding with molding27.自硬砂造型：self-curing sand molding,self-hardening sand molding28.流态砂造型：fluid sand molding29.造型机：molding machine30.造型线：molding line31.高压造型机：high pressure molding machine32.多触头高压造型机：equalizing piston squeezer33.震实造型机：jolt molding machine34.震压造型机：jolt-squeeze machine35.微振压实造型机：shockless jolt squeeze molding machine,vibratory squeezer36.压实造型机：squeezing molding machine37.射压造型机：shooting and squeezing molding machine38.气冲造型机：air impact molding machine39.水平分型脱箱造型机：horizontal parting flaskless moldingmachine40.多工位造型机：multiple station molding machine41.抛砂机：sand slinger42.震击台[震实台]：bumper43.振动台：vibrating table44.填砂：mold-filling45.辅助框[填砂框]：prefiller46.紧实[紧砂]：compacting47.震实：jolt compacting48.压实：squeezing compacting49.高密度紧实法：high density compaction50.舂砂：ramming51.预紧实：precompact52.砂床：sand bed53.铸坑：casting pit54.吊砂：cod55.塞砂：tucking56.造型工具：hand tools of molding57.修型：patching58.修型工具：mending tools59.砂舂：sand rammer60.镘勺[镘刀]：trowel61.提钩：cleaner62.砂钩：lifter63.通气针：vent wire64.刷水：swabbing65.水笔：swab66.起模：stripping67.起模机：drawing68.起模时间：stripping time69.漏模：pattern stripping70.敲模：rapping71.刮砂：strike-off72.合型[合箱]（砂型铸造）：mold assembling, closing (sand molding )73.合箱标志：assembly mark74.骑缝标记：tally mark75.封箱条[封箱泥条、封泥]：crush strip, lute,mold seal76.验型：trial closing77.脱箱：snap flask78.砂型：sand mold79.诗砂型[湿型]：green sand mold80.干砂型[干型]：dry dried mold81.表面烘干型：skin dried mold82.烂泥砂型：loam mold83.砂型烘干：mold drying84.烘干炉：oven, stove85.返潮：moisture regain86.未烘干：underbaking87.水分凝聚区：water condensation zone88.砂铁比：sand metal ratio89.施涂料：coating。
铸造工艺名词
铸造工艺名词（一）一、浇冒口系统（1）浇注系统[ 浇口] gating system, run ning system为填充型腔和冒口而开设于铸型中的一系列通道。
通常由浇口杯、直浇道、横浇道和内浇道组成。
（2）封闭式浇注系统choked running system, pressurized gating system直浇道出口截面积大于横浇道截面积, 横浇道出口截面积又大于内浇道截面积总和的浇注系统。
（3）半封闭式浇注系统enlarged running system直浇道出口截面积小于横浇道截面积, 但大于内浇道截面积总和的浇注系统。
（4）开放式浇注系统unchok ed running system, non- pressurized gating system直浇道出口截面积小于横浇道截面积，横浇道出口截面积又小于或等于全部内浇道截面积的浇注系统。
（5）浇口盆[ 外浇口] pouring basin与直浇道顶端连接, 用以承接并导入熔融金属的容器。
（6）浇口杯pouring cup漏斗形外浇口, 单独制造或直接在铸型内形成, 成为直浇道顶部的扩大部分。
（7）浇口塞blanking-of f plug放置在浇口盆出口处的塞子。
浇口盆充满金属后, 塞子升起即开始浇注。
（8）直浇道sprue浇注系统中的垂直通道。
通常带有一定的锥度。
（9）直浇道窝sprue base直浇道底部的凹坑和扩大部分。
（10）横浇道runner浇注系绕中的水平通道部分。
（11）筛网芯( 滤网芯) strainer core在浇注系统中安置的多孔芯片。
一般用耐火材料或油砂制成。
（12）内浇道ingate浇注系统中,引导液态金属进入型腔的部分。
（13）离心浇注系统whirl gate dirt trap system在横浇道和内浇道之间有集渣包的浇注系统。
金属切向进入集渣包后旋转, 起到撇渣作用。
（14）顶注式浇注系统top gating system熔融金属从铸型顶部引入塑腔的浇注系统。
铸造工艺学思考题-名词解释
1、侵入气孔：也叫外因气孔，由于型砂中的气体侵入金属造成的在湿型铸件中常见的一种缺陷；2、机械粘砂：铸件的部分或整个表面上粘附了一层沙粒和金属的混合物，它是沙粒渗入铸型表面的微孔而形成的；3、化学粘砂：铸件的部分或整个表面上粘附一层由金属氧化物和造型材料相互作用而形成的低熔点化合物；4、粘土型砂：以粘土为粘结剂的型砂；5、覆膜砂：砂粒表面在造型前即覆有一层树脂膜的型砂或芯砂。
6、特种砂：矿物质组成中不含或只含少量游离二氧化硅的原砂。
7、紧实率：湿砂型用1mpa的压力下压实或在锤击式制样机上打击三次，其实样体积在打击前后体积变化的百分率，用其试样前后高度变化的百分率来表示，即紧实率=（筒高-紧实距离）/筒高；8、型砂的透气性:紧实的型砂能让其体通过而溢出的能力；9、型砂的流动性：型砂在外力和自重的作用下，沿模样和砂粒之间相对移动的能力；10、破碎指数：湿型砂标准抗压试样放在铁砧上受到一个自1m高度自由落下的50mm、510g 铜球的冲击，破碎的型砂，碎的通过网眼为12.7mm的筛网，留在筛网上大块型砂的质量占试样原质量的比值即为破碎指数11、(铸造用原砂中的）泥份:原砂或型砂中直径小于20um的细小颗粒；12、角形系数单位质量原砂的实测表面积与同质量同样粗细等直径假象圆球的表面积的比值，反应型砂的圆整度；铸造用硅砂实际比表面积与理论比表面积的比值。
13、钙膨润土活化处理：根据阳离子的交换特性对钙土进行处理，使之转化为钠基膨润土，最常用的活化剂是碳酸钠，反应机理是Ca2+-蒙脱石+na2co3___2na+-蒙脱石+caco3；14、水玻璃"模数"：纳水玻璃中sio2和na2o的物质的量之比称为模数，用m来表示；数；15、型砂残留强度：是将∮30mm*50mm或者∮50mm环形钠水玻璃砂试样加热到一定温度，并在该温度下保温30-40分钟，在随炉冷却至室温测定的抗压强度。
16、〔有机粘结剂）比强度是指每1%的粘结剂可获得的芯砂干拉强度；17、冷芯盒法：将砂子、液态树脂及液态催化剂混合均匀后，填充到芯盒内硬化成型18、铸造工艺设计:根据铸造零件的结构特点、技术要求、生产批量和生产条件等，确定铸造方案和工艺参数，绘制铸造工艺图，编织工艺卡的整个技术文件的过程；19、铸造收缩率：k=(LM -LJ)/LJ,LJ—模样工作面的尺寸，LJ铸件尺寸；20、铸件工艺出品率：铸件出品率=铸件质量除以（铸件质量+冒口总质量+浇注系统质量）乘以100%；21、起模斜度为了方便起模，在摸样、芯盒的出模方向留有一定的斜度，以免损坏砂型或砂芯22、浇注系统：铸型中液态金属流入型腔的通道的总称，其包括浇口杯、直浇道、直浇道窝、横浇道、内叫道23、封闭式浇注系统：正常浇注条件下，所有组员能为金属液补充的浇注系统，也称充满式浇注系统；24、开放式浇注系统：正常浇注条件下，金属液不能充满所有组员的浇注系统，也称非充满式或非压力式浇注系统；25、铸件的浇注位置：浇注时铸件在型内所处的状态和位置；。
铸造术语--中英文对照
一、基本术语1。
铸造: casting , founding ，foundry2.砂型铸造：Sand casting process3。
特种铸造：Special casting process4.铸件: casting5。
毛坯铸件：Rough casting6。
砂型铸件：Sand casting7。
试制铸件: Pilot casting8.铸态铸件：as—cast casting9。
铸型［型］：mold10。
铸造工艺：Casting process，foundry technology11。
铸造用材料：Foundry materials12.铸造工艺材料：Consumable materials13.铸造设备: Foundry equipment, foundry facilities14.铸工：Caster, founder, foundry worker15。
铸造工作者：foundryman16。
铸造车间：Foundry shop17.铸造厂: Foundry18.铸造分厂：Attached foundry, captive foundry, tied foundry 19。
铸造三废：Foundry affluent20。
一批： A batch21。
一炉： A cast, a heat，a melt22。
铸焊：Cast welding, flow welding23。
铸锭：ingot二、铸造合金及熔炼、浇注2.1铸造合金基础术语1.铸造合金：Cast alloy2。
共晶合金系：Eutectic alloy system3.共晶合金：Eutectic alloy4.亚共晶合金：Hypoeutectic alloy5。
过共晶合金：Hypereutectic alloy6.共晶团：Eutectic cell7.共晶温度：Eutectic temperature8。
共晶转变：Eutectic reaction，eutectic transformation 9。
铸造名词术语(中英对照,GB5611-85)
3.5.23. 旧砂 floor sand
3.5.24. 枯砂（焦砂） burnt sand
3.5.25. 废砂 waste sand
3.5.26. 热砂 hot sand
3.5.27. 松砂 aeration , sand-cutting
2.9. 凝固温度范围 solidification range
2.10. 定向凝固（顺序凝固） directional
solidification
2.11. 液态收缩（液体收缩） liquid
contraction
2.12. 凝固收缩 solidification contraction
4.1.16. 铁素体可锻铸铁 ferritic malleable cast iron
4.1.17. 白心可锻铸铁 white heart malleable cast iron
4.1.18. 团絮石墨 tempered graphite
4.1.19. 冷硬铸铁（激冷铸铁） chilled iron
2.3. 吸气 gas absorption
2.4. 过冷 undercooling, supercooling
2.5. 过冷度 degree of undercooling
2.6. 成核 nucleation
2.7. 自发成核（均质成核） homogeneous
nucleation
2.8. 非自发成核（非均质成核）heterogeneous nucleation
2.13. 固态收缩（固体收缩） solid contraction
2.14. 凝固时间 solidification time
铸造名词术语GB5611-85
铸造名词术语（GB5611-85）1 基本术语1.1 铸造 foundry, founding, casting1.2铸造工艺 foundry technology1.3铸件 casting1.4砂型铸造 sand casting process1.5特种铸造 special casting process2合金性能2.1 流动性 fluidity2.2 充型能力 mold-filling capacity2.3 吸气 gas absorption2.4 过冷 undercooling, supercooling2.5 过冷度 degree of undercooling2.6 成核 nucleation2.7 自发成核（均质成核） homogeneous nucleation2.8非自发成核（非均质成核） heterogeneousnucleation2.9凝固温度范围 solidification range2.10定向凝固（顺序凝固） directionalsolidification2.11液态收缩（液体收缩） liquid contraction 2.12凝固收缩 solidification contraction2.13固态收缩（固体收缩） solid contraction 2.14凝固时间 solidification time2.15自由收缩 free contraction2.16受阻收缩 hindered contraction2.17铸件线收缩率 shrinkage2.18收缩应力 contraction stress2.19热应力 thermal stress2.20相变应力 transformation stress, phasechange stress2.21铸造应力 casting stress2.22残留应力（残余应力） residual stress3铸造用材料3.1金属原材料3.1.1 金属原材料 metallic raw material3.1.2生铁 pig iron3.1.3铁合金 ferro-alloy3.1.4回炉料 foundry returns3.1.5中间合金 master alloy3.2燃料3.2.1铸造焦炭 foundry coke3.2.2冶金焦炭 metallurgical coke3.2.3固定碳 fixed carbon3.3熔剂3.3.1 熔剂 flux3.3.2 除气熔剂（除气剂） degassing flux 3.3.3 覆盖熔剂（覆盖剂） covering flux 3.3.4 精炼熔剂（精炼剂） refining flux 3.4耐火材料3.4.1耐火度（耐火性） refractoriness3.4.2耐火砖 firebrick3.4.3耐火粘土 fireclay3.4.4硅砖 silica brick3.4.5镁砂 grain magnesite3.5 造型材料3.5.1 造型材料 molding material3.5.2 砂 sand3.5.3 水洗砂 washed-out sand3.5.4 硅砂 silica sand3.5.5天然砂 natural sand3.5.6人工砂 artificial sand3.5.7天然粘土砂 naturally clay-bonded sand 3.5.8橄榄石砂 olivine sand3.5.9铬铁矿砂 chromite sand3.5.10锆砂 zircon sand3.5.11炭粒砂 carbon sand3.5.12精硅砂 sharp sand3.5.13红砂 red sand3.5.14熟料砂 chamotte sand3.5.15粘结剂 binder3.5.16粘土 clay3.5.17无机粘结剂 inorganic binder3.5.18有机粘结剂 organic binder3.5.19高岭土 kaolin3.5.20膨润土 bentonite3.5.21钠基膨润土 sodium bentonite3.5.22钙基膨润土 calcium bentonite3.5.23活化膨润土 activated bentonite3.5.24干性油 drying oil3.5.25自硬粘结剂(冷硬粘结剂) no bakebinder3.5.26热固树脂粘结剂 thermosetting resinbinder3.5.27油类粘结剂 oil based binder3.5.28水玻璃粘结剂 water glass binder,sodium silicate binder3.5.29纸浆废液 lignin liquor3.5.30合脂粘结剂 synthetic fat binder3.5.31水玻璃模数 sodium silicate modulus 3.6辅助材料3.6.1附加物 additives3.6.2发热剂 exothermic mixture3.6.3分型剂（脱模剂） parting agent,stripping agent3.6.4固化剂（硬化剂）hardener3.6.5悬浮剂suspending agent3.6.6涂料 coating3.7砂处理3.7.1型砂制备（砂处理） sand preparation 3.7.2混砂 sand mulling, sand mixing3.7.3型砂（造型混合料） molding sand 3.7.4芯砂（造芯混合料） core sand3.7.5合成砂 synthetic sand3.7.6自硬砂 self-hardening sand3.7.7水玻璃砂 sodium silicate-bonded sand 3.7.8覆膜砂 precoated sand3.7.9烂砂泥（麻泥） loam3.7.10调匀砂 temper sand3.7.11面砂 facing sand3.7.12背砂（填充砂） backing sand3.7.13单一砂 unit sand3.7.14含泥量 clay content3.7.15含水量 moisture content3.7.16旧砂 floor sand3.7.17枯砂（焦砂） burnt sand3.7.18废砂 waste sand3.7.19热砂 hot sand3.7.20松砂 aeration , sand-cutting3.7.21筛分（筛析） screen analysis3.7.22旧砂处理 sand reconditioning3.7.23旧砂再生 sand reclamation3.7.24沉降分选 elutriation, decantation3.8型砂性能及试验3.8.1 型砂试验 sand testing3.8.2 透气性 permeability3.8.3 流动性 flowability3.8.4型砂强度 sand strength3.8.5湿强度 green strength3.8.6干强度 dry strength3.8.7耐用性（复用性） durability3.8.8砂型（芯）硬度 mold hardness3.8.9热变形 hot deformation3.8.10残留强度 retained strength3.8.11热强度 hot strength3.8.12韧性 toughness3.8.13发气率（发气速度） gas evolution rate 3.8.14发气性（发气量） gas evolution3.8.15吸湿性 moisture absorption3.8.16落砂性 knock-out capability3.8.17潰散性 collapsibility3.8.18胶质价 colloid index3.8.19破碎指数 shatter index3.9砂处理设备3.9.1热气流烘砂装置 hot pneumatic tubedrier3.9.2混砂机 sand muller, sand mixer 3.9.3松砂机 aerator, sand cutter3.9.4冷却提升机 cooling elevator,coolevator3.9.5筛砂机 riddle3.9.6磁力滚筒 magnetic separator3.9.7旧砂再生设备 sand reclamation3.9.8气力输送装置 pneumatic tube conveyor 4铸造合金4.1铸铁4.1.1 铸铁 cast iron4.1.2 铸铁石墨形态 morphology of graphite in cast iron4.1.3 灰铸铁（灰口铸铁） gray cast iron 4.1.4 白口铸铁 white cast iron4.1.5 麻口铸铁 mottled cast iron4.1.6共晶度 degree of saturation4.1.7碳当量 carbon equivalent4.1.8片状石墨 flake graphite4.1.9初生石墨 primary graphite4.1.10孕育铸铁 inoculated cast iron4.1.11球墨铸铁 spheroidal graphite cast iron,nodular graphite iron, ductile iron4.1.12球状石墨 spheroidal graphite, nodulargraphite4.1.13可锻铸铁 malleable cast iron4.1.14黑心可锻铸铁 black heart malleablecast iron4.1.15珠光体可锻铸铁 pearlitic malleablecast iron4.1.16铁素体可锻铸铁 ferritic malleable castiron4.1.17白心可锻铸铁 white heart malleablecast iron4.1.18团絮石墨 tempered graphite4.1.19冷硬铸铁（激冷铸铁） chilled iron 4.1.20耐磨铸铁 wear resisting cast iron4.1.21耐热铸铁 heat resisting cast iron4.1.22耐酸铸铁 acid resisting cast iron4.1.23高硅铸铁 high silicon cast iron4.1.24蠕墨铸铁 vermicular cast iron,compacted graphite cast iron4.1.25蠕虫状石墨 vermicular graphite4.1.26合金铸铁 alloy cast iron4.2铸钢4.2.1 铸钢 cast steel4.2.2 炭素铸钢 carbon cast iron4.2.3 低合金铸钢 low alloy cast steel4.2.4 高锰钢 high manganese steel4.2.5铁素体钢 ferritic steel4.3铸造非铁合金4.3.1 青铜 bronze4.3.2 铅青铜 lead bronze4.3.3 铝青铜 aluminum bronze4.3.4 黄铜 brass4.3.5铝铜合金 aluminum-copper alloy4.3.6铝镁合金 aluminum-magnesium alloy 4.3.7铝硅合金 aluminum-silicon alloy4.3.8镁合金 magnesium alloy4.3.9轴承合金（减摩合金） bearing metal,antifrictional metal4.3.10巴氏合金 babbitt alloy4.3.11钛合金 titanium alloy5熔炼工艺及设备5.1熔炼基本术语5.1.1 熔化（熔炼） melting5.1.2 重熔 remelting5.1.3 炉料 charge5.1.4 熔化率 melting rate5.1.5 炉料计算 charge calculation5.1.6 双联熔炼 duplexing5.1.7 元素烧损（元素烧损率） melting losses of various chemical elements5.1.8 熔炼损耗（烧损） total melting loss 5.1.9还原气氛 reducing atmosphere5.1.10氧化气氛 oxidizing atmosphere5.1.11惰性气体 inert gas5.1.12碱度（碱性指数） index of basicity 5.1.13碱性渣 basic slag5.1.14酸性渣 acid slag5.1.15精炼 refining5.1.16遗传性 heredity5.2铸铁熔炼5.2.1 风口比 tuyere ratio5.2.2 有效高度 effective height5.2.3 送风强度 blast intensity5.2.4预热送风 hot blast5.2.5底焦 coke bed5.2.6层焦 coke split5.2.7隔焦（结力焦） buffer coke charge 5.2.8炉衬 furnace lining5.2.9碱性炉衬 basic lining5.2.10酸性炉衬 acid lining5.2.11棚料 bridging5.2.12熔池 bath5.2.13吸碳 carbon pick-up5.2.14铁焦比（焦比） iron-coke ratio5.2.15出渣 deslagging5.2.16打炉 cupola drop5.3铸钢5.3.1 氧化熔炼法 oxidizing melting 5.3.2 不氧化熔炼法 dead melting5.3.3 真空熔炼 vacuum refining5.3.4 电渣熔炼 electro-slag melting5.3.5 熔渣 slag5.3.6 沉渣 sludge5.3.7 浮渣 dross, cinder5.3.8 氧化期（沸腾期） oxidizing stage, boil5.3.9还原期 deoxidizing stage, blockingstage5.3.10还原渣 reducing slag5.3.11氧化渣 oxidizing slag5.3.12白渣 white slag5.3.13脱氧 deoxidation5.3.14扒渣 slagging- off5.3.15脱碳 decarburization5.3.16脱硫 desulphurization5.3.17脱磷 dephosphorization5.3.18增碳 recarburizing5.3.19脱氧剂 deoxidizer5.4非铁金属熔炼5.4.1 挥发损耗volatilizing losses5.4.2 静置 stewing, holding5.4.3 吹氮 nitrogen flushing5.5熔炼设备5.5.1 冲天炉 cupola5.5.2 水冷冲天炉 water-cooled cupola5.5.3热风冲天炉 hot-blast cupola5.5.4湿法除尘器 wet cap5.5.5炉缸 cupola well5.5.6前炉 forehearth5.5.7冲天炉加料机 cupola charging machine 5.5.8爬式加料机 skip hoist5.5.9电磁配铁称 electro-magnetic weighingbalancer5.5.10电磁盘 electromagnetic chuck5.5.11电弧炉（直接电弧炉） arc furnace,direct arc furnace5.5.12感应电炉 electric induction furnace 5.5.13电渣炉 electroslag furnace5.5.14电磁搅拌electromagnetic agitation5.5.15浇包 ladle5.5.16摇包 shaking ladle5.5.17底注包 bottom pouring ladle5.5.18保温炉holding furnace5.5.19坩埚炉crucible furnace5.6熔融金属处理5.6.1孕育 inoculation5.6.2多孔塞法 porous plug process5.6.3变质 modification5.6.4墨化剂 graphitizer5.6.5过热 superheating5.6.6石墨球化处理 nodularizing treatment ofgraphite5.6.7碳当量仪eutectometer5.6.8三角试块 wedge test-piece5.6.9真空除气vacuum degassing5.7浇注5.7.1浇注 pouring5.7.2保护气氛浇注 pouring under controlledatmosphere5.7.3浇注速度 pouring rate5.7.4浇注温度 pouring temperature5.7.5浇注时间 pouring time5.7.6浇注位置 pouring position5.7.7型内孕育 inmold inoculation5.7.8压铁 weight5.7.9捣冒口 churning, pumping5.7.10点冒口（补注） teeming5.7.11浸入式高温计 immersion pyremeter5.7.12补炉 patching5.7.13炉龄（炉衬寿命） campaign6工艺设计及工艺装备6.1工艺设计6.1.1 铸造工艺设计 mold design6.1.2 铸造工艺装备设计 foundry tools design 6.1.3 铸造工艺图 foundry molding drawing 6.1.4 铸件图（毛坯图） drawing of rough casting6.1.5起模斜度（拔模斜度） pattern draft6.1.6收缩余量shrinkage allowance6.1.7工艺补正量 molding allowance6.1.8加工余量 machining allowance6.1.9吃砂量 mold thickness6.1.10补贴 pad6.1.11分型负数 joint allowance6.1.12铸件尺寸公差 dimensional tolerance ofcasting6.1.13铸件重量公差 weight allowance ofcasting6.1.14铸件加工基准面 reference face formachining of casting6.1.15铸件表面粗糙度 surface roughness ofcasting6.2浇冒口系统6.2.1 浇注系统（浇口） gating system, running system6.2.2封闭式浇注系统 choked running system,pressurized gating system6.2.3半封闭式浇注系统 enlarged runnersystem 6.2.4开放式浇注系统 unchoked runningsystem, non-pressurized gating system 6.2.5浇口盆（外浇口） pouring basin6.2.6浇口杯 pouring cup6.2.7浇口塞 blanking-off plug6.2.8直浇道 sprue6.2.9直浇道窝 sprue base6.2.10横浇道 runner6.2.11筛网芯（滤网芯） strainer core6.2.12内浇道 ingate6.2.13离心集渣浇注系统 whirl gate, dirttrap system6.2.14顶注式浇注系统 top gating system6.2.15底注式浇注系统 bottom gating system 6.2.16阶梯式浇注系统 step gating system6.2.17雨淋浇口 shower gate6.2.18缝隙浇口 slot gate6.2.19压边浇口 lip runner, kiss runner6.2.20牛角式浇口 horn gate6.2.21热节 hot spot6.2.22冒口 riser, feeder heed6.2.23冒口效率 riser efficiency6.2.24明冒口 open riser6.2.25暗冒口 blind riser6.2.26侧冒口（边冒口） side riser6.2.27压力冒口 pressure riser6.2.28大气压力冒口 atmospheric riser6.2.29发气压力冒口（气弹冒口）gas-deliveredpressure riser6.2.30透气砂芯 pencil core6.2.31冒口颈 riser neck6.2.32冒口根 riser pad6.2.33保温冒口套 heat insulating feedersleeve6.2.34发热冒口套 exothermic feeder sleeve 6.2.35补缩距离 feeding distance, feedingzone6.2.36易割冒口 knock-off head6.2.37易割片（易割芯片） washburn core6.3模样6.3.1铸造工艺装备 foundry tools andequipment6.3.2模样（铸模，模） pattern6.3.3母模 master pattern6.3.4金属模 metal pattern6.3.5骨架模 skeleton pattern6.3.6石膏模 plaster pattern6.3.7塑料模 plastic pattern6.3.8整体模 one-piece pattern6.3.9分开模 parted pattern, split pattern6.3.10活块 loose piece6.3.11模板 pattern plate6.3.12模底板 pattern mounting plate6.3.13单面模板 single face pattern plate6.3.14双面模板 match plate6.3.15放样（伸图） hot dimensional drawing 6.3.16缩尺（模样工缩尺） shrinkage rule,pattern-maker’s rule6.4芯盒6.4.1 芯盒 core box6.4.2 脱落式芯盒 troughed core box6.4.3下芯量具 core setting scale6.4.4下芯夹具 core jig6.4.5烘芯板 core drying plate6.5砂箱6.5.1 砂箱 flask, molding box6.5.2 箱带（箱挡） flask bar, cross bar6.5.3 脱箱 snap flask6.5.4 套箱 mold jacket6.5.5套销 hollow pin, stub pin7造型及造芯7.1造型7.1.1造型 molding7.1.2型腔 mold cavity7.1.3铸型（型） mold7.1.4砂型 sand mold7.1.5上型（上箱） cope, top part7.1.6下型（下箱） drag, bottom part7.1.7手工造型 hand molding7.1.8机器造型 machine molding7.1.9自动化造型automatic molding7.1.10分型面 mold joint7.1.11有箱造型 flask molding7.1.12两箱造型 two-part molding7.1.13三箱造型 three-part molding7.1.14不平分型面 stepped joint7.1.15无箱造型 flaskless molding7.1.16脱箱造型 removable flask molding 7.1.17地坑造型 pit molding7.1.18刮板造型 sweep molding7.1.19抛砂造型 impeller ramming, sandslinging molding7.1.20组芯造型 core assembly molding7.1.21假箱造型 oddside molding7.1.22微震压实造型 vibratory squeezingmolding7.1.23高压造型 high pressure molding7.1.24湿砂型（湿型，潮型） green sand mold 7.1.25砂型烘干 mold drying7.1.26干砂型（干型）dry sand mold 7.1.27表面烘干型 skin dried mold7.1.28烂砂泥型 loam mold7.1.29砂床 bed7.1.30过渡角 transition angle7.1.31吊砂 cod7.1.32砂钩 lifter7.1.33负压造型（真空密封造型） vacuummolding7.1.34流态砂造型 fluid sand molding7.1.35漏模 pattern stripping7.1.36填砂 mold-filling7.1.37紧实（紧砂，舂砂） ramming7.1.38震实 jolt ramming7.1.39压实 squeezing ramming7.1.40紧实度 degree of ramming7.1.41二氧化碳法造型 CO2 process7.1.42自硬砂造型 self-hardening sandmolding7.1.43塞砂 tucking7.1.44刮砂 strike-off7.1.45造型生产线 molding line7.1.46刷水 swabbing7.1.47敲模 rapping7.1.48起模（拔模） stripping7.1.49扎出气孔 venting7.1.50排气道 venting channel7.1.51修型 patching7.1.52冷铁 densener, chill7.1.53外冷铁 surface densener7.1.54内冷铁 internal densener7.1.55验型（验箱） trial closing7.1.56合型（合箱，组型） mold assembling,closing7.2造芯7.2.1造芯（制芯） core making7.2.2芯（芯子） core7.2.3 芯骨 core rod, core scab7.2.4 油砂芯 oil sand core7.2.5 预制芯 embeded core, ram up core7.2.6 芯头 core print7.2.7芯座 core print7.2.8芯头斜度 core print taper7.2.9芯头间隙 core print clearance7.2.10壳芯 shell core7.2.11烘芯 core baking7.2.12通气蜡线 vent wax7.2.13冷芯盒法 cold box process7.2.14热芯盒法 hot box process7.2.15芯撑 chaplet7.3造型工具7.3.1 造型工具 hand tools of molding7.3.2 压勺 heart and spoon7.3.3 提沟 cleaner7.3.4 双头铜勺（秋叶） double ended radius sleeker7.3.5镘刀 trowel7.4造型及造芯设备7.4.1 造型机 molding machine7.4.2 压实造型机 squeezing molding machine7.4.3 震击台 bumper7.4.4 振动台 vibrating table7.4.5微震压实造型机 vibratory squeezer7.4.6震实造型机 jolt molding machine7.4.7高压造型机 high pressure moldingmachine7.4.8射压造型机 shooting and squeezingmolding machine7.4.9多触头造型机 equalizing pistonsqueezer7.4.10抛砂机 sand slinger7.4.11起模机 drawing machine7.4.12射砂机 core shooter7.4.13挤芯机 core extruder7.4.14铸型输送机 mold conveyor8铸件落砂及清理8.1落砂及清理8.1.1 落砂 shake-out, knock-out8.1.2 除芯 decoring8.1.3 噴砂清理 sand blasting8.1.4 抛丸清理 shot blasting8.1.5 水力清砂 hydraulic cleaning8.1.6 水砂清砂 hydraulic blast8.1.7清理 cleaning, fettling8.1.8清砂 cleaning8.1.9火焰表面清理 scarfing8.1.10清铲 chipping8.1.11化学清砂 chemical cleaning8.1.12精整 dressing and finishing8.1.13落砂机 knock-out machine8.1.14抛丸清理机 shot blast machine8.1.15清理滚筒 tumbling barrel8.1.16抛丸落砂清理设备 shot blast reclaimingequipment8.1.17悬挂式磨轮 swing frame grinder8.2修补及矫正8.2.1 矫正 coining, straightening8.2.2 焊补 repair welding8.2.3 渗补 impregnation9特种铸造9.1金属型铸造9.1.1 金属型铸造 permanent mold casting, gravity die casting9.1.2 金属型 metal mold9.1.3 金属芯 metal core9.1.4 覆砂金属型 sand-lined metal mold 9.1.5 排气塞 venting plug9.1.6 排气槽 air vent9.1.7 龟裂 heat checking9.1.8 金属型铸造机 gravity die casting machine9.2压力铸造9.2.1压力铸造（压铸） die casting, pressuredie casting9.2.2压铸型 die-casting die, die9.2.3动型 moving die, ejector die half9.2.4定型 fixed die, cover die half9.2.5合型力 clamping force , die lockingforce9.2.6压室 pressure chamber9.2.7鹅颈管 gooseneck9.2.8分流器 spreader, sprue spreader9.2.9顶杆 ejector pin9.2.10溢流槽 overflow well9.2.11压射冲头（压室） injection piston,plunger9.2.12压射比压 injection pressure9.2.13压射速度 injection speed9.2.14保压时间 dwell time9.2.15真空压铸 evacuated die casting,vacuum die casting9.2.16充氧压铸 pore-free die casting9.2.17双冲头压铸（精速密压铸）acurad(accurate?) die casting9.2.18压铸机 die casting machine9.2.19冷室压铸机 cold chamber die castingmachine9.2.20热室压铸机 hot chamber die castingmachine9.2.21镶铸法 insert process9.3离心铸造9.3.1离心铸造 true centrifugal casting9.3.2半离心铸造 semi-centrifugal casting9.3.3离心浇注 centrifugal pressure casting,centrifuge casting9.3.4双金属离心铸造 bimetal centrifugalcasting9.3.5离心铸造机 centrifugal casting machine 9.4熔模铸造9.4.1 失模铸造 lost pattern casting9.4.2熔模铸造（失蜡铸造） fusible patternmolding, lost-wax molding9.4.3压制熔模 fusible pattern injection9.4.4压型 pattern die9.4.5熔模 fusible pattern9.4.6盐模salt pattern9.4.7蜡模 wax-pattern9.4.8模组 pattern assembly9.4.9熔模涂料（浆料） slurry9.4.10面层涂料 investment precoat9.4.11撒砂 stuccoing9.4.12脱蜡 dewaxing9.4.13熔烧 sintering9.5壳型铸造9.5.1壳型铸造 shell molding9.5.2结壳时间 investing time9.5.3结壳温度 investing temperature9.5.4硬化温度 curing temperature9.5.5硬化时间 curing time9.6其它铸造方法9.6.1 陶瓷型铸造 ceramic molding9.6.2 陶瓷型浆料 ceramic slurry9.6.3灌浆 paste pouring9.6.4喷烧 torch firing9.6.5低压铸造 low-pressure die casting9.6.6充型压力 mold filling pressure9.6.7保压压力 dwell pressure9.6.8升液管 stalk9.6.9真空吸铸 suction casting9.6.10差压铸造（反压铸造） counter-pressurecasting9.6.11实型铸造 full mold process, cavitylesscasting9.6.12泡沫塑料模 styrofoam pattern9.6.13磁型铸造（磁丸铸造） magnetic shotmolding process9.6.14凝壳铸造 slush casting9.6.15石膏型铸造 plaster molding9.6.16连续铸造 continuous casting10 铸件质量及铸件缺陷10.1 铸件质量基本术语10.1.1铸件检验 inspection of casting10.1.2铸件质量分析 quality analysis ofcasting10.1.3铸件外观质量 visual quality of casting 10.1.4铸件内在质量 internal quality ofcasting10.1.5铸件使用性能 service ability of casting 10.1.6单铸试块 separated test bar of casting 10.1.7附铸试块 test lug 10.1.8缺陷铸件 defective casting10.1.9废品 reject10.1.10无损检验（无损探伤） nondestructiveinspection10.1.11破坏性试验 destructive testing10.2多肉类缺陷10.2.1飞翅（飞边） joint flash10.2.2毛刺 veining10.2.3抬型（抬箱） cope raise , raised mold 10.2.4胀箱 swell10.2.5冲砂 erosion, cut, wash10.2.6掉砂 drop, crush10.2.7外渗物（外渗豆） sweat10.3孔洞类缺陷10.3.1 气孔 blow hole10.3.2 针孔 pinhole10.3.3 缩孔 shrinkage10.3.4缩松 dispersed shrinkage10.3.5疏松（显微缩松） porositymicroshrinkage10.4裂纹、冷隔类缺陷10.4.1冷裂 cold cracking10.4.2热裂 hot tearing10.4.3热处理裂纹 heat treatment crack10.4.4白点（发裂） flake10.4.5冷隔 cold shut, cold lap10.4.6浇注断流 interrupted pour10.5表面缺陷10.5.1 鼠尾 rat-tail10.5.2 沟漕 buckle10.5.3 夹砂结疤（夹砂） scab10.5.4机械粘砂（渗透粘砂） metal penetration 10.5.5化学粘砂（烧结粘砂）burn-on10.5.6表面粗糙 rough surface10.5.7皱皮 elephant skin10.5.8缩陷 depression10.6残缺类缺陷10.6.1 浇不到 misrun10.6.2 未浇满 poured short10.6.3 跑火 run-out, bleeding10.6.4 型漏（漏箱）run-out, bleeding10.6.5损伤（机械损伤）damage10.7形状及重量差错类缺陷10.7.1 拉长 exaggeration of dimension10.7.2 超重 over-weight10.7.3 变形 distortion, warping10.7.4 错型（错箱） shift10.7.5 错芯 core shift10.7.6 偏芯（漂芯） core raised, corelift 10.8夹杂类缺陷10.8.1 夹杂物 inclusion10.8.2 冷豆 cold shot10.8.3 内渗物（内渗豆） internal sweat 10.8.4 渣气孔 scum, slag-blow hole10.8.5 砂眼 sand inclusion10.9性能、成分、组织不合格10.9.1 亮皮 pearlite layer10.9.2 菜花头 cauli-flowering10.9.3 石墨飘浮 carbon floatation10.9.4 石墨集结 kish graphite spot10.9.5 组织粗大 open grain structure10.9.6 偏析 segregation10.9.7 硬点 hard spot10.9.8 反白口 inverse chill10.9.9 球化不良 under-nodularizing10.9.10 球化衰退 degradated spheroidisation 10.9.11 脱碳 decarburization。
铸造的名词解释
铸造的名词解释铸造(zhuzao)指将熔化的金属液浇入铸型内凝固成形，是金属成型方法之一。
造型(zao xing)利用各种原材料造出具有一定形状和尺寸的物体。
包括泥塑、翻砂、压制、注射等造型方法。
工艺方法(也称“生产方法”或“工艺流程”)： 1、制型——用泥巴、纸、布等可塑性材料做成要求的形象或各种造型; 2、合型——将可塑性材料成型的模子进行拼接，并使泥坯的四周紧密配合，在模子中形成铸件的空腔;3、焙烧——把合型后的泥坯放在焙烧炉中焙烧成为陶瓷或金属铸件的过程。
4、机械加工——对经过焙烧后的铸型和铸件进行各种机械加工的过程。
铸件(jian hun)将金属液浇入铸型并冷却凝固而得到的具有一定形状和尺寸的毛坯或零件。
其分为金属铸件和非金属铸件两大类。
铸造件的材料应当符合该铸件所需要的力学性能和化学性能的要求。
制模(zhimo)为了保证制品的精度和质量，采用不同的成型方法，将工件毛坯按图样的要求制成所需的形状。
制模工序又称“造型”。
从设计到制模可以有多种工艺方法。
如手工造型、机器造型、电磁造型、光学造型、化学造型等。
压制(yazhi)利用外力将泥土等可塑性材料压制成型的过程。
其目的是使泥料便于成型。
模具工艺主要用于橡胶模压制、砖坯模压制等。
在压制时常使用的模具有：硬木材料的可塑性模具、橡胶模、石膏模和可塑性的塑料模等。
压制通常分为热压和冷压两大类。
压制时通常是预先制成各种模具，然后再使用模具进行压制，称为模型压制。
模具在压制过程中起着重要作用，它必须保证制品的尺寸和形状的精度以及表面的平整度。
注射(zhushe)又称注射成型。
是用液态的原材料(如塑料)向型腔内直接充满或排除空气而得到制品的方法。
注射制品的特点是尺寸精确、生产率高、表面光洁、清晰度好、力学性能优良等。
注射工艺常用于制造人体、电器元件、仪表、仪器壳体及内部构件、植物组织块、汽车和飞机的零件、管道零件等。
注射成型的优点是工艺简单，操作方便，生产效率高，因此，在机械制造中获得广泛应用。
铸造学名词(鋳物用语辞典)
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washcrucible zone(well)crude oilcrude sandcrushcrush of moldcrush of corecrush strip(crush bead)crushercrushes of parting edge crushes of parting surface cryolitecrystalcrystal graincrystal grain-growthcrystal latticecrystal lattice parameters crystal quartz flourcrystal quartz sand crystalline fracture crystallizationcupola(cupola furnace) cupola blowercupola bodycupola brickcupola chargecupola charging machine cupola control equipment cupola dropcupola dust arrestercupola furnace(cupola) cupola lightercupola liningcupola malleable iron cupola runner troughcupola shaftcupola shellcupola spark arrester cupola stackcupola stamping lining cupola tendercupola torchcupro-leadcupro-manganesecupro-metalcupro-nickelcuringcuring timecushioned anvil-type jolter cushioningcushioning effectcutcut-off machinecut sandcut wire shotcutscuts and washedcuttabilitycuttercutting wheelcyanidingcyclone dust collector(cyclon) cyclone scrubber dust collector cypressDD-process damdam type lip 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铸造的名词解释
铸造的名词解释铸造是一项古老而重要的技术，它指的是通过熔化金属，将其倒入模具中，经过冷却凝固，最终得到所需形状的零件或产品的过程。
在工业生产中，铸造技术被广泛应用于制造各种金属制品，如汽车零件、工程机械部件、航空航天器件等，是现代制造业的基石之一。
一、人类历史上的铸造技术进程铸造技术可以追溯到公元前4000年左右的古代文明时期。
最早的铸造活动起源于中国，古代人们将熔化的铜、铁等金属倒入木制的模具中，制作出了各种实用的器具。
后来，铸造技术逐渐传播到其他古代文明，如古埃及、古希腊、古罗马等。
古代人们在铸造技术的研究和实践中积累了丰富的经验，他们发现通过使用不同的铸造材料、改变冷却速度和控制熔体温度等方式，可以获得不同性能和形状的铸造件。
这些经验为后来的铸造技术发展奠定了基础。
二、铸造技术的分类随着科学技术的进步和工业化的发展，铸造技术也逐渐演化并形成了多种分类。
1. 砂型铸造：砂型铸造是一种最常见的铸造方法之一。
它利用砂石制作模具，并将熔融金属倒入模具中，待其冷却凝固后取出。
砂型铸造具有成本低、适应性强等优点，广泛应用于汽车制造和机械制造等领域。
2. 金属型铸造：金属型铸造是一种采用金属制作的模具进行铸造的方法。
这种方法在高温下可用于铸造高熔点的金属，如铝合金和铜合金等。
金属型铸造具有表面光洁度高、尺寸精度高等特点，适用于制造高精度零件。
3. 压力铸造：压力铸造是通过在模具中施加压力来填充熔融金属的一种铸造方法。
它可以分为高压铸造和低压铸造两种。
压力铸造具有生产效率高、产品质量稳定等优点，广泛应用于汽车制造和电子工业等领域。
4. 连续铸造：连续铸造是一种将熔融金属连续浇铸成坯料的方法。
它主要用于生产连续铸坯，如铜管、铝板等。
连续铸造具有生产效率高、产品品质好的特点，被广泛应用于冶金、轧钢等行业。
三、铸造技术的应用领域铸造技术在现代工业中的应用非常广泛，几乎涵盖了所有制造领域。
以下是一些主要的应用领域：1. 汽车制造：铸造件在汽车制造中占据重要地位。
铸造基本术语
铸造类基本术语和加工工艺1.铸造：熔炼金属，制造铸型，并将熔融金属浇入铸型，凝固后获得一定形状和性能铸件的成型方法。
铸造学是一门应用科学。
2.铸造工艺：应用铸造有关理论和系统知识，通过金属熔炼、浇注、凝固与补缩、造型材料制备、造型造芯技术等，以达到优质高效的铸件生产。
3.铸件：将熔融金属注入铸型，凝固后得到一定形状和性能的金属件。
4.砂型铸造：用型砂紧实成型的铸造方法。
5.特种铸造：与砂型铸造不同的其他铸造方法。
如熔模铸造、壳型铸造、陶瓷铸造、金属型铸造、压力铸造、低压铸造、离心铸造、连续铸造。
6.铸造应力：收缩应力、热应力和相变应力的矢量和。
7造型材料：制造铸型（芯）用的材料。
一般指砂型铸造用的材料；包括：砂、粘土、有机或无机粘结剂和其他附加物。
8铸件的收缩：液态收缩（液体收缩）、凝固收缩、固态收缩（固体收缩）。
液态收缩：金属在液态时由于温度降低而发生的体积收缩。
凝固收缩：熔融金属在凝固阶段的体积收缩。
固态收缩:金属在固态由于温度降低而发生的体积收缩.9铸件的线收缩率：铸件从线收缩起始温度冷却至室温的线收缩率。
以模样与铸件的长度差除以模样长度的百分比表示.10常见造型种类：手工造型、机器造型、自动化造型。
11铸铁：一系列主要由铁、碳和硅组成的合金的总称。
12灰铸铁：碳分主要以片状石墨形式出现的铸铁，断口呈灰色。
13白口铸铁：碳分主要以游离碳化铁形式出现的铸铁，断口呈银白色。
14麻口铸铁：碳分部分以游离碳化铁形式出现，部分以石墨形式出现的铸铁，断口灰白色相间。
-15球墨铸铁：铁液经过球化处理而不是在凝固后经过热处理，使石墨大部或全部呈球状，有时少量团絮状的铸铁。
16铸造工艺设计：根据铸件结构特点、技术要求、生产批量、生产条件等，确定铸造方案和工艺参数，绘制图样和标注符号、编制工艺卡和工艺规程等。
17模样：由木材、金属或其他材料制成，用来形成铸型型腔的工艺装备。
18什么叫工艺过程？（5分）答：把毛坯通机加工、改变它的形状和尺寸。
铸造名词
沉淀脱氧法：将脱氧剂加在钢液中，使脱氧元素直接与钢液中的氧化亚铁起作用而进行脱氧的方法。
综合脱氧法：先进行沉淀脱氧，再进行扩散脱氧，最后用铝进行沉淀脱氧。
反球化元素：存在于铸铁铁液中使石墨在生长时无法长成球状的元素。
铁素体球墨铸铁：指基体以铁素体为主，其余为珠光体的球墨铸铁。
珠光体球墨铸铁：是以珠光体基体为主，余量为铁素体的球墨铸铁。
金属的生长：金属在高温下工作时，其体积发生不可逆胀大的现象，称作金属在高温下的生长。
铸铁（cast iron）：在凝固过程中经历共晶转变，用于生产铸件的铁基合金的总称。
铸钢 (cast steel )：在凝固过程中不经历共晶转变的用于生产铸件的铁基合金的总称。分为铸造碳钢和铸造合金钢两大类。
球化元素：加入铁液中能使石墨在结晶生长时长成球状的元素。
非铁合金：除铁、钢之外的众多合金统称为非铁合金。
炉渣的碱度：炉渣中碱性氧化物含量与酸性氧化物含量的比值。
强韧铸铁：球墨铸铁、蠕墨铸铁和可锻铸铁的总称。
碳的完全燃烧：碳、氧反应时生成二氧化碳的反应过程。
铸铁的碳当量：根据各种元素对共晶点的影响，将其折算成碳量的增减，称之为碳当量。一般表示为 CE=C+(Si+P)/3
冲天炉熔炼的氧化带：从空气与焦碳接触的位置开始到炉气中自由氧小时，CO2浓度达到最大值的区域。
冲天炉熔炼的还原带：氧化带顶端至炉气中CO2与CO含量基本不变的区域。
共晶团：以每个石墨核心为中心所形成的石墨-奥氏体两相共生生长的共晶晶粒称为共晶团。
双重变质：过共晶 Al-Si 合金中同时加入稀土和磷，能同时细化初晶硅和共晶硅，称为“双重变质”
常用铸造术语中英对照
常用铸造术语中英对照2021-6-26整理(BY BARRY)Ⅰ.根本术语1.压力铸造die casting2.铸造casting,foundry,founding3.铸件casting4.毛坯铸件rough casting5.试制铸件pilot casting6.试模trial shot7.模具mold,mould8.压铸机die casting machine9.铸造设备foundry equipment,foundry facilities10.铸工caster,founder,foundry worker11.压铸工die carter12.铸造厂foundry13.铸造车间foundry shop14.铸造工作者foundry man15.批〔batch一批:a batch;每批:each batch, per batch);lot16.一炉a cast,a heat,a melt17.焊接welding18.铸造三废foundry effluent19.铸锭ingotⅡ.铸造合金、熔炼和浇注1.铸造合金cast alloy2.铝合金aluminium alloy3.铸造复合材料cast composite4.合金元素alloy element5.杂质元素tramp element6.碳化物carbide7.过热superheating8.过冷supercooling9.熔点melting point10.总碳量total carbon11.碳当量carbon equivalent12.碳当量仪eutectometer13.铝硅合金aluminium-silicon alloy14.压铸合金die cast alloy15.压铸铝合金aluminium diecast alloy16.压铸镁合金magnesium diecast alloy17.熔炼smelting18.熔化率melting rate19.元素增加gain of element20.熔剂flux21.熔池bath22.除气熔剂degassing flux23.覆盖剂covering flux24.炉料charging25.金属炉料metallic charging26.回炉料foundry returns 27.废金属料scrap28.熔渣slag29.沉渣sludge30.浮渣dross,scum,cinder31.造渣slag forming32.出渣deslagging33.出渣口slag hole34.炉衬furnace liner35.出炉口tap hole36.出炉温度tapping temperature37.重熔remelting38.坩埚炉crucible furnace39.保温炉holding furnace40.精炼refining41.真空精炼vacuum refining42.除气degassing43.残料heel44.浇注pouring45.自动浇注装置automatic pouring device46.浇包，料斗(勺)ladle47.转运包transfer ladle48.金属残液heel49.冷金属cold matelⅢ铸造工艺与工艺设备die casting process and process device1.铸造性能castability2.流动性fluidity3.充型能力mold-filling capacity4.充型速度(浇注速度)pouring rate;delivery rate5.充型时间filling time6.浇注温度pouring temperature7.比浇注速度specific pouring rate8.浇注时间pouring time9.凝固solidification10.凝固时间solidification11.收缩contraction;shrinkage12.收缩率shrinkage13.液态收缩liquid contraction14.凝固收缩solidification contraction15.固态收缩solid contraction16.液-固收缩liquid-solid contraction17.自由收缩free contraction18.收缩余量shrinkage allowance19.收缩应力contraction stress20.热应力thermal stress21.铸造应力casting stress22.残留应力(剩余应力)residual stress23.热裂倾向性tendency to hot tearing24.铸造工艺设计casting process design25.铸造工艺计算机辅助设计Computer-aided design for the casting process;casting process CAD26.实体造型constructive solid geometry;solid modeling27.充型分析mold filling analysis28.铸造工艺设备设计foundry tools design29.铸造工艺卡casting process card;foundry process card30.铸型装配图mold assembly drawing31.铸件图(毛坯图)drawing of rough casting32.铸造工艺准备preparation of casting technique33.铸件设计casting design34.铸件基准面reference face for machining of casting35.分型面parting face;(mold joint;mold parting)36.不平分型面irregular parting;(irregular joint;match parting)37.阶梯分型面stepped parting;stepped joint38.浇注位置pouring position39.交接壁intersection40.十字交接X-junction41.圆角fillet42.热节(点)hot spot43.加强筋stiffening ribs44.拨模斜度draft45.型腔mold cavity46.工艺孔technological hole47.浇注系统gating system;running system48.直浇道sprue49.横浇道runner50.内浇口ingate,gate51.溢流槽overflow well52.排气槽air vent53.分流锥sprue spreader;spreaderⅣ压力铸造〔特种铸造〕die-casting1.压铸机die casting machine2.冷室压铸机cold chamber die casting machine3.冷室卧式压铸机(卧式压铸机)horizontal(cold chamber)die casting machine4.冷室立式压铸机〔立式压铸机〕vertical(cold chamber)die casting machine5.热室压铸机hot chamber die casting machine6.真空压铸evacuated die casting;vacuum die casting7.压射injection;shot8.压射机构injection system9.压室injection chamber10.压射冲头injection ram;plunger11.压射速度injection speed12.压射比压injection pressure13.增压pressurization 14.充填率rate of filling15.锁型(合型)die locking16.合型机构(锁型机构)die closing mechanism17.锁型力die locking force;clamping force18.拉杆tie bar;tie rod19.压铸模die;die casting die20.定模(定型)fixed die;cover die half21.动模(动型)moving die;ejection die half22.浇口套sprue bush23.留型时间opening time24.顶出机构ejection mechanism25.顶杆ejector pin26.抽芯机构core puller27.余料biscuit;slug28.压铸涂料coating of diecasting;releaseagent29.充型压力mold filling pressure30.充型速度filling speed31.保压压力dwell pressure32.保压时间dwell timeⅤ压铸后加工及其工具1.喷砂清理sand blasting cleaning2.喷丸清理shot blasting cleaning3.抛丸清理wheel blasting cleaning4.滚筒清理tumbling5.抛丸清理机wheel blasting machine6.除浇口degating;trimming7.除毛刺deburring8.去氧化皮descaling9.打磨grinding10.弹丸shot11.抛丸器shot wheel12.喷丸器shot blaster13.砂轮机grinder14.浸渗处理impregnantion15.浸渗剂impregnant16.矫型rectification;straightening coining;17.外表处理surface treatment18.砂带打磨belt sanding19.钻孔;镗孔boring20.脱脂degreasing21.电镀electroplating;electrostatic coating22.夹具clamp;fixture23.机加工machining24.铣milling25.台式铣床bench milling machine26.数控加工中心CNC27.铸件机加工余量machining allowance of casting28.切削液mineral cutting oil29.抛光polishing30.粗加工rough working31.喷涂painting32.冲孔punching33.外表处理surface treatment34.洗净rinse35.车床lathe36.磨床grinder,grinding machine37.铣床milling machine38.钻床drill press39.刨床planerⅥ检测方式/设备/工具量具inspection equipment/facility1.合格质量水平acceptable quality level(AQL)2.气密性试验air tightness test3.大气暴露试验atmospheric corrosion test4.成分分析试验chemical analysis5.破坏性检测destructive inspection6.非破坏性检测nondestructive inspection7.尺寸检测dimensional test8.硬度试验hardness test9.冲击试验impact test10.逐件检查individual check11.抽样检查sampling inspection12.三座标检测microcode13.耐压试验pressure test14.盐雾试验salt spray test15.盐雾试验机salt spray test machine16.拉力测量机tensile test machine17.平面度检测仪flatness inspection guage18.检漏机leakage test machine19.普通检具normal guage20.抽样检查sampling inspection21.耐气候试验weathering test22.x光探伤x-ray test23.X光机X-ray machine24.塞规plug guage25.丝攻screw tap26.锥度规conical guage27.螺纹塞规thread plug guage28.游标卡尺vernier caliper29.半径规radius guage30.测角器/量角器bevel guage31.测径规,厚簿规calliper guage32.高度尺height guage33.深度尺depth guage34.三座标CMM35.光谱仪spectrographⅦ.包装packaging1.护边edge protection2.中间夹层intermediate layer3.多插入口式托盘multiple-entry pallet4.一次性托盘throw-away pallet5.耐气候wether resistanceⅧ图纸相关Drawing Related1.喷砂清理abrasive cleaning2.研磨剂abrasive3.依据according to/Acc to4.阳极氧化anodic oxidation5.外观appearance6.踏板autowalk pallet7.底座基座基准base8.盲孔blind hole9.气孔,气泡blow hole10.孔径hole diameter11.凸台boss12.基准面datum plane13.模定位面cast locator datum plane14.铸造应变casting strain15.中心孔center bore16.外圆角,倒角chamfer17.内圆角fillet18.同心度concentricity19.平面度flatness20.平行度parallel21.粗糙度roughness22.垂直度perpendicularity23.清洁度cleanness24.符合conform to25.残留物，污物contamination26.抽芯孔,铸孔core hole27.耐腐蚀corrosion resistance28.沉孔counterbore29.盖板cover30.关键尺寸critical dimension31.横切试验cross-cut test32.脱炭decarburize33.拔模斜度draft angle/draft34.导电性electric conductivity35.电动扶梯梯级escalator step36.外径〔大径〕external diameter37.内径(小径)internal diameter38.外螺纹external thread39.加工余量machining allowance40.法兰flange41.披锋flash42.自由状态free state43.通用公差〔未注公差〕general tolerance44.符合in accondance with45.来料检验incoming inspection46.标识indication,marking47.绝缘性isolation characteristics48.金属互化物intermetallic compound49.内螺纹internal thread50.每per51.边缘periphery52.永久伸长permanent stretch53.垂直于perpendicular to54.针孔，销孔pin hole55.平面图plan,plane figure56.磨光剂polish agent57.聚酯纤维polyester58.容许应力proof stress59.剩余应力residual stress60.试生产铸件prototype casting61.质量保证quality assurance62.散热器radiator63.耐磨性resistance to abrasion64.肋；筋条rib65.滚丝攻通roll thread thru66.剖面图section67.模具寿命service life of dies68.螺距pitch69.阴影毛坯区域shaded area cast70.收缩shrink71.缩孔shrinkage porosity72.碎片sliver73.烧伤soldering mark74.标准standard/std.75.强度范围strength division76.分层;剥落stripped mark;peeling77.清理外表;外表加工;外表抛光surface finish78.抗拉强度tensile strength79.未注unless otherwise specified/unspecified/unmarked80.凸纹/直纹vein grain81.壁厚wall thickness82.屈服点yield pointⅨ压铸报价Quotation1.适用检测标准acceptable inspection standard2.压铸附加费additional casting cost3.铸造费用casting cost4.折扣价depreciation expenses5.估价estimated price6.离岸价free on board(FOB)7.到岸价cost insurance freight(CIF)8.信用证letter of credit(LC)9.后加工费finishing cost10.定率法fixed rate method11.先行生产go-ahead of produce 12.铝锭价格ingot price13.插件费insert cost14.检测费inspection cost15.熔炼费melting cost16.制造间接(额外)费overhead manufacturing expense17.附加利益profit added18.废品比例rejection percentage19.废品率standard rejection rate20.报废时价值,剩余价值,剩余价值residual value/scrap value21.机器运转费;机器运营本钱running cost of machine22.卖价selling expense23.销售间接费selling overhead24.寿命service life25.(合金)掺合比例standard alloying ratio26.标准价格standard price27.试铸时间time of trial shot28.总价格total cost29.试铸费trial casting cost30.除浇口费trimming cost31.生产yield32.生产率yield rate33.后加工合格率yield rate of finishing34.熔炼生产率yield rate of melting35.压铸成品率overall yield of castingⅩ压铸质量和缺陷casting quality and defect1.废品reject2.化学成分不合格chemical consistenceabnormal3.飞边joint flash4.毛刺veining;burr5.气孔blowhole6.气泡blister7.气泡bubble8.激冷区chill zone9.冷脆性cold shortness10.冷隔cold shut;cold filling11.裂纹crack12.铸点dot13.花纹flower msrk;stripping for shot blast14.外部材料foreign material。
铸造行业英语词汇大全
铸造行业英语词汇大全：一、铸造基本术语1. Casting：铸件2. Pattern：模样3. Mold：模具4. Core：砂芯5. Sand：砂子6. Foundry：铸造厂7. Melting：熔炼8. Pouring：浇注9. Solidification：凝固10. Casting Defects：铸件缺陷11. Machining：机械加工12. Inspection：检验二、铸造材料1. Grey Cast Iron：灰铸铁2. Ductile Cast Iron：球墨铸铁3. White Cast Iron：白铸铁4. Highstrength Cast Iron：高强度铸铁5. Stainless Cast Steel：不锈钢铸件6. Carbon Steel：碳钢7. Alloy Steel：合金钢8. Titanium Alloy：钛合金9. Aluminum Alloy：铝合金10. Copper Alloy：铜合金11. Magnesium Alloy：镁合金三、铸造工艺1. Sand Casting：砂型铸造2. Investment Casting：熔模铸造3. Die Casting：压铸4. Centrifugal Casting：离心铸造5. Continuous Casting：连续铸造6. Squeeze Casting：挤压铸造7. Lost Foam Casting：消失模铸造8. Shell Mold Casting：壳型铸造9. Vprocess Casting：V法铸造10. Highpressure Die Casting：高压铸造四、铸造设备1. Melting Furnace：熔炼炉2. Pouring Machine：浇注机3. Sand Mixer：砂混合机4. Molding Machine：造型机5. Core Shooter：射芯机6. Shakeout Machine：落砂机7. Grinding Machine：磨削机8. Shot Blasting Machine：喷砂机9. Testing Equipment：检测设备10. Robot：机器人五、铸造缺陷1. Blowhole：气孔2. Sand inclusion：砂眼3. Porosity：缩孔4. Shrinkage：缩松5. Cold shut：冷隔6. Hot tear：热裂7. Overfeed：过补给8. Underfeed：欠补给9. Oxidation：氧化10. Incomplete fusion：熔接不良六、铸造技术参数1. Tolerance：公差2. Draft：拔模斜度3. Parting Line：分模线4. Riser：冒口5. Gate：浇道6. Runner：滑道7. Cooling Time：冷却时间8. Solidification Time：凝固时间9. Molding Sand Properties：型砂性能10. Core Sand Properties：芯砂性能七、环保与安全1. Environmental Protection：环保2. Waste Gas Treatment：废气处理3. Waste Water Treatment：废水处理4. Solid Waste Treatment：固体废物处理5. Dust Collection：除尘6. Safety：安全7. Personal Protective Equipment：个人防护装备8. Fire Protection：消防9. Occupational Health：职业健康10. Accident Prevention：事故预防八、国际合作与标准1. ISO：国际标准化组织2. ASTM：美国材料与试验协会3. DIN：德国工业标准4. JIS：日本工业标准5. BS：英国标准6. SAE：美国汽车工程师协会7. International Foundry Research：国际铸造研究8. Foundry Technology Transfer：铸造技术转移9. Import and Export：进出口10. Global Foundry Industry：全球铸造行业。
铸造名词术语
铸造名词术语( GB5611-85)1基本术语1.1铸造foundry, founding, casting1.2铸造工艺foundry technology1.3铸件casting1.4砂型铸造sand casting process1.5特种铸造special casting process2合金性能2.1流动性fluidity2.2充型能力mold-filling capacity2.3吸气gas absorption2.4过冷undercooling, supercooling2.5过冷度degree of undercooling2.6成核nucleation2.7自发成核（均质成核）homogeneous nucleation2.8非自发成核（非均质成核）heterogeneous nucleation2.9凝固温度范围solidification range 2.10定向凝固（顺序凝固）directionalsolidification2.11液态收缩（液体收缩）liquid contraction2.12凝固收缩solidification contraction 2.13固态收缩（固体收缩）solid contraction2.14凝固时间solidification time2.15自由收缩free contraction2.16受阻收缩hindered contraction2.17铸件线收缩率shrinkage2.18收缩应力contraction stress2.19热应力thermal stress2.20相变应力transformation stress,phase change stress2.21铸造应力casting stress2.22残留应力（残余应力）residual stress3铸造用材料3.1金属原材料3.1.1金属原材料metallic raw material 3.1.2生铁pig iron3.1.3铁合金ferro-alloy3.1.4回炉料foundry returns3.1.5中间合金master alloy3.2燃料3.2.1铸造焦炭foundry coke3.2.2冶金焦炭metallurgical coke3.2.3固定碳fixed carbon3.3熔剂3.3.1熔剂flux3.3.2除气熔剂（除气剂）degassing flux 3.3.3覆盖熔剂（覆盖剂）covering flux 3.3.4精炼熔剂（精炼剂）refining flux 3.4耐火材料3.4.1耐火度（耐火性）refractoriness 3.4.2耐火砖firebrick3.4.3耐火粘土fireclay3.4.4硅砖silica brick3.4.5镁砂grain magnesite3.5造型材料3.5.1造型材料molding material3.5.2砂sand3.5.3水洗砂washed-out sand3.5.4硅砂silica sand3.5.5天然砂natural sand3.5.6人工砂artificial sand3.5.7天然粘土砂naturally clay-bonded sand3.5.8橄榄石砂olivine sand3.5.9铬铁矿砂chromite sand3.5.10锆砂zircon sandcarbon sand sharp sand redsand chamotte sand3.5.15粘结剂binder3.5.16粘土clay3.5.17无机粘结剂inorganic binder3.5.18有机粘结剂organic binder3.5.19高岭土kaolin3.5.20膨润土bentonite3.5.21钠基膨润土sodium bentonite3.5.22钙基膨润土calcium bentonite3.5.23活化膨润土activated bentonite3.5.24干性油drying oil3.5.25自硬粘结剂(冷硬粘结剂) no bakebinder3.5.26热固树脂粘结剂thermosetting resinbinder3.5.27油类粘结剂oil based binder3.5.28水玻璃粘结剂water glass binder,sodium silicate binder3.5.29纸浆废液lignin liquor3.5.30合脂粘结剂synthetic fat binder 3.5.31水玻璃模数sodium silicate modulus 3.6辅助材料3.6.1附加物additives3.6.2发热剂exothermic mixture3.6.3分型剂（脱模剂）parting agent,stripping agent3.6.4固化剂（硬化剂）hardener3.6.5悬浮剂suspending agent3.6.6涂料coating3.5.11 炭粒砂3.5.12 精硅砂3.7砂处理3.7.1型砂制备（砂处理）sand preparation3.7.2混砂sand mulling, sand mixing3.7.3型砂（造型混合料）molding sand 3.7.4芯砂（造芯混合料）core sand3.7.5合成砂synthetic sand3.7.6自硬砂self-hardening sand3.7.7水玻璃砂sodium silicate-bonded sand3.7.8覆膜砂precoated sand3.7.9烂砂泥（麻泥）loam3.7.10调匀砂temper sand3.7.11面砂facing sand3.7.12背砂（填充砂）backing sand3.7.13单一砂unit sand3.7.14含泥量clay content3.7.15含水量moisture content3.7.16旧砂floor sand3.7.17枯砂（焦砂）burnt sand3.7.18废砂waste sand3.7.19热砂hot sand3.7.20松砂aeration , sand-cutting3.7.21筛分（筛析）screen analysis3.7.22旧砂处理sand reconditioning3.7.23旧砂再生sand reclamation3.7.24沉降分选elutriation, decantation 3.8型砂性能及试验3.8.1型砂试验sand testing3.8.2透气性permeability3.8.3流动性flowability3.8.4型砂强度sand strength3.8.5湿强度green strength3.8.6干强度dry strength3.8.7耐用性（复用性）durability3.8.8砂型（芯）硬度mold hardness3.8.9热变形hot deformation3.8.10残留强度retained strength3.8.11热强度hot strength3.8.12韧性toughness3.8.13发气率（发气速度）gas evolution rate3.8.14发气性（发气量）gas evolution 3.8.15吸湿性moisture absorption3.8.16落砂性knock-out capability3.8.17潰散性collapsibility3.8.18胶质价colloid index3.8.19破碎指数shatter index3.9砂处理设备3.9.1热气流烘砂装置hot pneumatic tubedrier3.9.2混砂机sand muller, sand mixer3.9.3松砂机aerator, sand cutter3.9.4冷却提升机cooling elevator,coolevator3.9.5筛砂机riddle 3.9.6磁力滚筒magnetic separator3.9.7旧砂再生设备sand reclamation3.9.8气力输送装置pneumatic tube conveyor4铸造合金4.1铸铁4.1.1铸铁cast iron4.1.2铸铁石墨形态morphology of graphite in cast iron4.1.3灰铸铁（灰口铸铁）gray cast iron 4.1.4白口铸铁white cast iron4.1.5麻口铸铁mottled cast iron4.1.6共晶度degree of saturation4.1.7碳当量carbon equivalent4.1.8片状石墨flake graphite4.1.9初生石墨primary graphite4.1.10孕育铸铁inoculated cast iron4.1.11球墨铸铁spheroidal graphite castiron, nodular graphite iron,ductile iron4.1.12球状石墨spheroidal graphite,nodular graphite4.1.13可锻铸铁malleable cast iron4.1.14黑心可锻铸铁black heart malleablecast iron4.1.15珠光体可锻铸铁pearliticmalleable cast iron4.1.16铁素体可锻铸铁ferritic malleablecast iron4.1.17白心可锻铸铁white heart malleablecast iron4.1.18团絮石墨tempered graphite4.1.19冷硬铸铁（激冷铸铁）chilled iron wearresisting cast iron heatresisting cast iron acidresisting cast iron highsilicon cast iron vermicular cast iron,compacted graphite cast iron4.1.25蠕虫状石墨vermicular graphite 4.1.26合金铸铁alloy cast iron4.2铸钢4.2.1铸钢cast steel4.2.2炭素铸钢carbon cast iron4.2.3低合金铸钢low alloy cast steel 4.2.4高锰钢high manganese steel4.2.5铁素体钢ferritic steel4.1.20 耐磨铸铁4.1.21 耐热铸铁4.1.22 耐酸铸4.3铸造非铁合金4.3.1青铜bronze4.3.2铅青铜lead bronze4.3.3铝青铜aluminum bronze4.3.4黄铜brassaluminum-copper alloyaluminum-magnesium alloyaluminum-silicon alloymagnesium alloy4.3.9轴承合金（减摩合金）bearing metal,antifrictional metal4.3.10巴氏合金babbitt alloy4.3.11钛合金titanium alloy5熔炼工艺及设备5.1熔炼基本术语5.1.1熔化（熔炼）melting5.1.2重熔remelting5.1.3炉料charge5.1.4熔化率melting rate5.1.5炉料计算charge calculation5.1.6双联熔炼duplexing5.1.7元素烧损（元素烧损率）melting losses of various chemical elements5.1.8熔炼损耗（烧损）total melting loss5.1.9还原气氛reducing atmosphere5.1.10氧化气氛oxidizing atmosphere5.1.11惰性气体inert gas5.1.12碱度（碱性指数）index ofbasicity5.1.13碱性渣basic slag5.1.14酸性渣acid slag5.1.15精炼refining5.1.16遗传性heredity5.2铸铁熔炼5.2.1风口比tuyere ratio5.2.2有效高度effectiveheight5.2.3送风强度blastintensity5.2.4预热送风hot blast5.2.5底焦coke bed5.2.6层焦coke split5.2.7隔焦（结力焦）buffer coke charge 5.2.8炉衬furnace lining5.2.9碱性炉衬basic lining5.2.10酸性炉衬acid lining5.2.11棚料bridging5.2.12熔池bath5.2.13吸碳carbon pick-up5.2.14铁焦比（焦比）iron-coke ratio 5.2.15出渣deslagging5.2.16打炉cupola drop5.3铸钢5.3.1氧化熔炼法oxidizing melting5.3.2不氧化熔炼法dead melting5.3.3真空熔炼vacuum refining5.3.4电渣熔炼electro-slag melting 5.3.5熔渣slag5.3.6沉渣sludge5.3.7浮渣dross, cinder5.3.8氧化期（沸腾期）oxidizing stage, boil5.3.9还原期deoxidizing stage, blockingstage5.3.10还原渣reducing slag5.3.11氧化渣oxidizing slag5.3.1白渣white slag5.3.1脱氧deoxidation5.3.14扒渣slagging- off5.3.1脱碳decarburizatio5.3.16脱硫desulphurization5.3.17脱磷dephosphorization5.3.1增碳recarburizing5.3.1脱氧deoxidizer5.4非铁金属熔炼5.4.1挥发损耗volatilizing losses5.4.2静置stewing, holding5.4.3吹氮nitrogen flushing5.5熔炼设备5.5.1冲天炉cupola5.5.2水冷冲天炉water-cooled cupola5.5.3热风冲天炉hot-blast cupola5.5.4湿法除尘器wet cap5.5.5炉缸cupola well5.5.6前炉forehearth5.5.7冲天炉加料机cupola charging machine5.5.8爬式加料机skip hoist5.5.9电磁配铁称electro-magneticweighing balancer5.5.10电磁盘electromagnetic chuck5.5.11电弧炉（直接电弧炉）arc furnace,direct arc furnace5.5.12感应电炉electric induction furnace5.5.13电渣炉electroslag furnace5.5.14电磁搅拌electromagnetic agitation 5.5.15浇包ladle5.5.16摇包shaking ladle5.5.17底注包bottom pouring ladle5.5.18保温炉holding furnace5.5.19坩埚炉crucible furnace5.6熔融金属处理5.6.1孕育inoculation5.6.2多孔塞法porous plug process5.6.3变质modification4.3.5 铝铜合金4.3.6 铝镁合金4.3.7 铝硅合金4.3.8 镁合金5.6.4墨化剂graphitizer5.6.5过热superheating5.6.6石墨球化处理nodularizing treatmentof graphite5.6.7碳当量仪eutectometer5.6.8三角试块wedge test-piece5.6.9真空除气vacuum degassing5.7浇注5.7.1浇注pouring5.7.2保护气氛浇注pouring undercontrolled atmosphere5.7.浇注速pouring rate5.7. 4 浇注温pouringtemperature5.7. 5 浇注时pouringtime5.7.浇注位pourin position 5.7.型内孕inmold inoculatio5.7. 8 压铁weight5.7.捣冒口churningpumping5.7.10点冒口（补注）teeming5.7.11浸入式高温计immersion pyremeter 5.7.12补炉patching5.7.13炉龄（炉衬寿命）campaign6工艺设计及工艺装备6.1工艺设计6.1.1铸造工艺设计mold design6.1.2铸造工艺装备设计foundry tools design6.1.3铸造工艺图foundry molding drawing 6.1.4铸件图（毛坯图）drawing of rough casting6.1.5起模斜度（拔模斜度）pattern draft 6.1.6收缩余量shrinkage allowance6.1.7工艺补正量molding allowance6.1.8加工余量machining allowance6.1.9吃砂量mold thickness6.1.10补贴pad6.1.11分型负数joint allowance6.1.12铸件尺寸公差dimensional toleranceof casting6.1.13铸件重量公差weight allowance ofcasting6.1.14铸件加工基准面reference face formachining of casting6.1.15铸件表面粗糙度surface roughnessof casting6.2浇冒口系统6.2.1浇注系统（浇口）gating system, running system6.2.2封闭式浇注系统choked runningsystem, pressurized gating system 6.2.3半封闭式浇注系统enlarged runnersystem6.2.4开放式浇注系统unchoked runningsystem, non-pressurized gatingsystem6.2.5浇口盆（外浇口）pouring basin6.2.6浇口杯pouring cup6.2.7浇口塞blanking-off plug6.2.8直浇道sprue6.2.9直浇道窝sprue base6.2.10横浇道runner6.2.11筛网芯（滤网芯）6.2.12内浇道ingate6.2.13离心集渣浇注系统trap system6.2.14顶注式浇注系统6.2.15底注式浇注系统6.2.16阶梯式浇注系统6.2.17雨淋浇口shower gate6.2.18缝隙浇口slotgate6.2.19压边浇口lip runner, kiss runner 6.2.20牛角式浇口horn gate6.2.21热节hot spot6.2.22冒口riser, feeder heed6.2.23冒口效率riser efficiency6.2.24明冒口open riser6.2.25暗冒口blind riser6.2.26侧冒口（边冒口）side riser6.2.27压力冒口pressure riser6.2.28大气压力冒口atmospheric riser6.2.29发气压力冒口（气弹冒口）gas-delivered pressure riser6.2.30透气砂芯pencil core6.2.31冒口颈riser neck6.2.32冒口根riser pad6.2.33保温冒口套heat insulating feedersleeve6.2.34发热冒口套exothermic feeder sleeve6.2.35补缩距离feeding distance, feedingzone6.2.36易割冒口knock-off head6.2.37易割片（易割芯片）washburn core 6.3模样6.3.1铸造工艺装备foundry tools andequipment6.3.2模样（铸模，模）pattern6.3.3母模master pattern6.3.金属模metal pattern6.3.5骨架skeletonpattern6.3.6石膏模plasterpattern6.3.7塑料plasticpattern6.3.8整体模one-piece pattern6.3.分开parted pattern, split6.3.10 活块loose piecestrainer corewhirl gate, dirttop gating systembottom gatingsystem step gatingsystem6.3.11模板pattern plate6.3.12模底板pattern mounting plate6.3.13单面模板single face pattern plate 6.3.14双面模板match plate6.3.15放样（伸图）hot dimensional drawing6.3.16缩尺（模样工缩尺）shrinkage rule,pattern- maker 's rule6.4芯盒6.4.1芯盒core box6.4.2脱落式芯盒troughed core box6.4.3下芯量具core setting scale6.4.4下芯夹具core jig6.4.5烘芯板core drying plate6.5砂箱6.5.1砂箱flask, molding box6.5.2箱带（箱挡）flask bar, cross bar 6.5.3脱箱snap flask6.5.4套箱mold jacket6.5.5套销hollow pin, stub pin7造型及造芯7.1造型7.1.1造型molding7.1.2型腔mold cavity7.1.3铸型（型）mold7.1.4砂型sand mold7.1.5上型（上箱）cope, top part7.1.6下型（下箱）drag, bottom part7.1.7手工造型hand molding7.1.8机器造型machine molding7.1.9自动化造型automatic molding7.1.10分型面mold joint7.1.11有箱造型flask molding7.1.12两箱造型two-part molding7.1.13三箱造型three-part molding7.1.14不平分型面stepped joint7.1.15无箱造型flaskless molding7.1.16脱箱造型removable flask molding 7.1.17地坑造型pit molding7.1.18刮板造型sweep molding7.1.19抛砂造型impeller ramming, sandslinging molding7.1.20组芯造型core assembly molding7.1.21假箱造型oddside molding7.1.22微震压实造型vibratory squeezingmolding7.1.23高压造型high pressure molding7.1.24湿砂型（湿型，潮型）green sand mold7.1.25砂型烘干mold drying7.1.26干砂型（干型）dry sand mold7.1.27表面烘干型skin dried mold7.1.28烂砂泥型loam mold7.1.29砂床bed7.1.30过渡角transition angle 7.1.31吊砂cod7.1.32砂钩lifter7.1.33负压造型（真空密封造型）vacuummolding7.1.34流态砂造型fluid sand molding 7.1.35漏模pattern stripping7.1.36填砂mold-filling7.1.37紧实（紧砂，舂砂）ramming7.1.38震实jolt ramming7.1.39压实squeezing ramming7.1.40紧实度degree of ramming7.1.41二氧化碳法造型CO 2 process7.1.42自硬砂造型self-hardening sandmolding7.1.43塞砂tucking7.1.44刮砂strike-off7.1.45造型生产线molding line7.1.46刷水swabbing7.1.47敲模rapping7.1.48起模（拔模）stripping7.1.49扎出气孔venting7.1.50排气道venting channel7.1.51修型patching7.1.52冷铁densener, chill7.1.53外冷铁surface densener7.1.54内冷铁internal densener7.1.55验型（验箱）trial closing7.1.56合型（合箱，组型）moldassembling, closing7.2造芯7.2.1造芯（制芯）core making7.2.2芯（芯子）core7.2.3芯骨core rod, core scab7.2.4油砂芯oil sand core7.2.5预制芯embeded core, ram up core 7.2.6芯头core print7.2.7芯座core print7.2.8芯头斜度core printtaper7.2.9芯头间隙core printclearance 7.2.10壳芯shell core7.2.11烘芯core baking7.2.12通气蜡线vent wax7.2.13冷芯盒法cold box process7.2.14热芯盒法hot box process7.2.15芯撑chaplet7.3造型工具震实造型机jolt molding machine高压造型机high pressure moldingmachine射压造型机shooting andsqueezing molding machine多触头造型机equalizing pistonsqueezer7.4.10抛砂机sand slinger7.4.11起模机drawing machine7.4.12射砂机core shooter7.4.13挤芯机core extruderdie casting9.2.2压铸型die-casting die, die9.2.3动型moving die, ejector die half 9.2.4定型fixed die, cover die half9.2.5合型力clamping force , die lockingforce9.2.6压室pressure chamber9.2.7鹅颈管gooseneck9.2.8分流器spreader, sprue spreader9.2.9顶杆ejector pin9.2.10溢流槽overflow well7.4.14铸型输送机mold conveyor9.2.11压射冲头（压室）injectionpiston,plunger 9.2.12压射比压9.2.13压射速度9.2.14保压时间injection pressure injection speed dwell time8.1.7 清理cleaning, fettling8.1.8 清砂cleaning8.1.9火焰表面清理scarfing8.1.10清铲chipping8.1.11化学清砂chemical cleaning8.1.12精整dressing and finishing 8.1.13落砂机knock-out machine8.1.14抛丸清理机shot blast machine 8.1.15清理滚筒tumbling barrel8.1.16抛丸落砂清理设备shot blastreclaiming equipment8.1.17悬挂式磨轮swing frame grinder 8.2修补及矫正8.2.1矫正coining, straightening 8.2.2焊补repair welding8.2.3渗补impregnation 9 特种铸造acurad（accurate?） die casting9.2.18压铸机die casting machine9.2.19冷室压铸机cold chamber diecasting machinemachine 9.2.21 镶铸法insert process9.3离心铸造9.3.1离心铸造true centrifugal casting 9.3.2半离心铸造semi-centrifugalcasting9.3.3离心浇注centrifugal pressurecasting, centrifuge casting9.3.4双金属离心铸造bimetal centrifugalcasting8.1.3 噴砂清理8.1.4 抛丸清理8.1.5 水力清砂8.1.6 水砂清砂sand blastingshot blastinghydrauliccleaninghydraulic blast9.2.15 真空压铸evacuated diecasting,vacuum die casting9.2.16 充氧压铸pore-free diecasting9.2.17 双冲头压铸（精速密压铸）7.3.1造型工具hand tools of molding7.3.2压勺heart and spoon7.3.3提沟cleaner7.3.4双头铜勺（秋叶）double ended radius sleeker7.3.5镘刀trowel7.4造型及造芯设备7.4.1造型机molding machine7.4.2压实造型机squeezing molding machine7.4.3震击台bumper7.4.4振动台vibrating table7.4.5微震压实造型机vibratory 9.1 金属型铸造9.1.1 金属型铸造permanent moldgravi die casting9.1.2 金属型metal mold9.1.3 金属芯metal core9.1.4 覆砂金属型sand-lined mold 9.1.5 排气塞venting plug9.1.6 排气槽air vent9.1.7 龟裂heat checking9.1.8 金属型铸造机gravity die casting machine9.2 压力铸造9.2.1 压力铸造（压铸）die pressur7.4.67.4.77.4.8 铸件落砂及清理8.1 落砂及清理8.1.1 落砂shake-out, knock-out9.2.20 热室压铸机hot chamber die casting9.3.5离心铸造机centrifugal casting machine9.4熔模铸造9.4.1失模铸造lost pattern casting9.4.2熔模铸造（失蜡铸造）fusiblepattern molding, lost-wax molding 9.4.3压制熔模fusible pattern injection 9.4.4压型pattern die9.4.5熔模fusible pattern9.4.6盐模salt pattern9.4.7蜡模wax-pattern9.4.8模组pattern assembly9.4.9熔模涂料（浆料）slurry9.4.10面层涂料investment precoat9.4.11撒砂stuccoing9.4.12脱蜡dewaxing9.4.13熔烧sintering shell moldinginvesting time investingtemperature curingtemperature curing time9.6 其它铸造方法9.6.1陶瓷型铸造ceramicmolding9.6.2陶瓷型浆料ceramic slurry9.6.3灌浆paste pouring9.6.4喷烧torch firing9.6.5低压铸造low-pressure die casting 9.6.6充型压力mold filling pressure9.6.7保压压力dwell pressure9.6.8升液管stalk9.6.9真空吸铸suction casting9.6.10差压铸造（反压铸造）counter-pressure casting9.6.11实型铸造full mold process,cavityless casting9.6.12泡沫塑料模styrofoam pattern9.6.13磁型铸造（磁丸铸造）magneticshot molding process9.6.14凝壳铸造slush casting9.6.15石膏型铸造plaster molding9.6.16连续铸造continuous casting10 铸件质量及铸件缺陷10.1铸件质量基本术语10.1.1铸件检验inspection of castingcasting10.1.3铸件外观质量10.1.4铸件内在质量casting10.1.5铸件使用性能service ability of casting10.1.6单铸试块separated test bar of casting 10.1.7附铸试块test lug10.1.8缺陷铸件defective casting10.1.9废品reject10.1.10无损检验（无损探伤）nondestructive inspection10.1.11破坏性试验destructive testing 10.2多肉类缺陷10.2.1飞翅（飞边）joint flash10.2.2毛刺veining10.2.3抬型（抬箱）cope raise , raised mold10.2.4胀箱swell10.2.5冲砂erosion, cut, wash10.2.6掉砂drop, crush10.2.7外渗物（外渗豆）sweat10.3 孔洞类缺陷10.3.1气孔blow hole10.3.2针孔pinhole10.3.3缩孔shrinkage10.3.4缩松dispersed shrinkage10.3.5疏松（显微缩松）porositymicroshrinkage10.4 裂纹、冷隔类缺陷10.4.1冷裂cold cracking10.4.2热裂hot tearing10.4.3热处理裂纹heat treatment crack 10.4.4白点（发裂）flake10.4.5冷隔cold shut, cold lap10.4.6浇注断流interrupted pour10.5表面缺陷10.5.1鼠尾rat-tail10.5.2沟漕buckle10.5.3夹砂结疤（夹砂）scab10.5.4机械粘砂（渗透粘砂）metal penetration10.5.5化学粘砂（烧结粘砂）burn-on10.5.6表面粗糙rough surface10.5.7皱皮elephant skin10.5.8缩陷depression10.6残缺类缺陷10.6.1浇不到misrun10.6.2未浇满poured short10.6.3跑火run-out, bleeding10.6.4型漏（漏箱）run-out, bleeding 10.6.5损伤（机械损伤）damage10.7形状及重量差错类缺陷10.7.1拉长exaggeration of dimension 10.7.2超重over-weight10.7.3变形distortion, warping10.7.4错型（错箱）shift10.7.5错芯core shift10.7.6偏芯（漂芯）core raised, corelift9.5 壳型铸造9.5.1 壳型铸造9.5.2 结壳时间9.5.3 结壳温10.1.2 铸件质量分析quality analysis ofvisual quality ofcasting internalquality of10.8夹杂类缺陷10.8.1夹杂物inclusion10.8.2冷豆cold shot10.8.3内渗物（内渗豆）internal sweat 10.8.4渣气孔scum, slag-blow hole10.8.5砂眼sand inclusion10.9性能、成分、组织不合格10.9.1亮皮pearlite layer10.9.2菜花头cauli-flowering10.9.3石墨飘浮carbon floatation10.9.4石墨集结kish graphite spot10.9.5组织粗大open grain structure 10.9.6偏析segregation10.9.7硬点hard spot10.9.8反白口inverse chill10.9.9球化不良under-nodularizing 10.9.10球化衰退degradated spheroidisation10.9.11脱碳decarburization。
铸造术语大全
前言1 范围2 基本术语2.1 铸造casting, founding, foundry2.2 砂型铸造sand casting process2.3 特种铸造 special casting process2.4 铸件 casting2.5 毛坯铸件 rough casting2.6 砂型铸件 sand casting2.7 试制铸件 pilot casting2.8 铸态铸件 as-cast casting2.9 铸型[型] mold2.10 铸造工艺 casting process，foundry technology2.11 铸造用材料 foundry materials2.12 铸造工艺材料 consumable materials2.13 铸造设备 foundry equipment ,foundry facilities2.14 铸工 caster，founder，foundry worker2.15 铸造工作者 foundryman2.16 铸造车间 foundry shop2.17 铸造厂 foundry2.18 铸造分厂 attached foundry，captive foundry，tied foundry 2.19 铸造三废 foundry effluent2.20 一批ａbatch2.21 一炉 a cast，a heat，a melt2.22 铸焊 cast welding，flow welding2.23 铸锭 ingot3 铸造合金及熔炼、浇注3.1 铸造合金基本术语3.1.1 铸造合金 cast alloy3.1.2 共晶合金系 eutectic alloy system3.1.3 共晶合金eutectic alloy3.1.4 亚共晶合金hypoeutectic alloy3.1.5 过共晶合金hypereutectic alloy3.1.6 共晶团eutectic cell3.1.7 共晶温度eutectic temperature3.1.8 共晶转变eutectic reaction，eutectic transformation3.1.9 共晶组织eutectic structure3.1.10 铸造复合材料cast composite3.1.11 定向共晶复合材料directional eutectic composite3.1.12 非晶态合金noncrystalline alloy3.1.13 合金元素alloying element3.1.14 杂质元素tramp element3.1.15 合金遗传性alloy heredity3.1.16 铸态组织as-cast structure3.1.17 铁碳相图iron-carbon phase diagram3.1.18 碳化物carbide3.1.19 渗碳体cementite3.1.20 碳化物形成元素carbide forming element3.1.21 单铸试块separated test bar of casting3.1.22 附铸试块test lug3.1.23 本体试样test specimen from casting itself3.1.24 过热superheating3.1.25 过冷supercooling，undercooling3.1.26 成分过冷constitutional supercooling3.1.27 过冷度degree of undercooling3.1.28 加热相变点[Ac相变点] Ac transformation temperature3.1.29 冷却相变点[Ar相变点] Ar transformation temperature3.1.30 结晶crystallization3.1.31 形核[成核] nucleation3.1.32 均质形核[自发形核] homogeneous nucleation3.1.33 非均质形核[非自发形核] heterogeneous nucleation3.1.34 动力形核dynamic nucleation3.1.35 大冲击形核big bang nucleation3.1.36 形核剂nucleant3.1.37 形核率nucleation rate3.1.39 内生生长endogenous growth3.1.40 外生生长exogenous growth3.1.41 共生生长coupled growth3.1.42 小平面型生长faceted growth3.1.43 非小平面型生长nonfaceted growth3.1.44 晶体生长界面[界面] growth interface of crystal，interface3.1.45 吸气（金属）gas absorption（metal）3.2 铸钢3.2.1 铸钢cast steel3.2.2 铸造碳钢carbon cast steel3.2.3 铸造合金钢alloy cast steel3.2.4 低合金铸钢low alloy cast steel3.2.5 微量合金化铸钢micro-alloying cast steel，trace alloying cast steel 3.2.6 铁素体铸钢ferritic cast steel3.2.7 奥氏体铸钢austenitic cast steel3.2.8 不锈钢stainless steel3.2.9 无磁性铸钢non-magnetic cast steel3.2.10 高锰钢austenitic manganese steel，high manganese steel3.2.11 高强度铸钢high strength cast steel3.2.12 超高强度铸钢ultra high strength cast steel3.2.13 耐磨铸钢wear resisting cast steel3.2.14 耐热铸钢heat resisting cast steel3.2.15 耐蚀铸钢corrosion resisting cast steel3.2.16 石墨钢graphitic steel3.2.17 铸造锚链钢cast steel for chain cables3.3 铸铁3.3.1 铸铁cast iron3.3.2 合成铸铁synthetic cast iron3.3.3 共晶铸铁eutectic cast iron3.3.4 亚共晶铸铁hypoeutectic cast iron3.3.5 过共晶铸铁hypereutectic cast iron3.3.6 灰铸铁[片墨铸铁] flake graphite cast iron，gray cast iron3.3.7 球墨铸铁[球铁] ductile iron，nodular graphite iron，spheroidal graphite cast iron3.3.8 高韧性球墨铸铁high ductility nodular graphite iron3.3.9 中锰球墨铸铁medium manganese ductile iron3.3.10 中硅球墨铸铁medium silicon nodular graphite iron3.3.11 可锻铸铁[马铁] malleable cast iron3.3.12 白心可锻铸铁white heart malleable cast iron3.3.13 黑心可锻铸铁black heart malleable cast iron3.3.14 花心可锻铸铁partially graphitized malleable cast iron3.3.15 铁素体可锻铸铁ferritic malleable cast iron3.3.16 珠光体可锻铸铁pearlitic malleable cast iron3.3.17 球墨可锻铸铁spheroidal graphite malleable cast iron3.3.18 蠕墨铸铁[蠕铁，紧密石墨铸铁] vermicular graphite cast iron, compacted graphite cast iron3.3.19 白口铸铁white cast iron3.3.20 麻口铸铁mottled cast iron3.3.21 奥氏体铸铁austenitic cast iron3.3.22 贝氏体铸铁bainitic cast iron3.3.23 贝氏体球墨铸铁bainitic ductile cast iron，austferritic ductile cast iron3.3.23 贝氏体球墨铸铁bainitic ductile cast iron，austferritic ductile cast iron3.3.23 贝氏体球墨铸铁bainitic ductile cast iron，austferritic ductile cast iron3.3.24 等温热处理球墨铸铁austempered ductile iron ，ADI3.3.25 贝氏体白口铸铁bainitic white cast iron3.3.26 针状铸铁acicular cast iron3.3.27 马氏体铸铁martensitic cast iron3.3.28 铁素体铸铁ferritic cast iron3.3.29 珠光体铸铁pearlitic cast iron3.3.30 索氏体铸铁sorbitic cast iron3.3.31 合金铸铁alloy cast iron3.3.32 低合金铸铁low alloy cast iron3.3.33 铬铸铁chromium cast iron3.3.34 高铬铸铁high chromium cast iron3.3.35 高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.3.36 中硅铸铁medium silicon cast iron3.3.37 高磷铸铁high phosphorus cast iron3.3.38 铝铸铁aluminum cast iron3.3.39 高铝铸铁high aluminum cast iron3.3.40 镍铸铁nickel cast iron3.3.41 硼铸铁boron cast iron3.3.42 高级铸铁high grade cast iron3.3.43 高强度铸铁high duty cast iron，high strength cast iron3.3.44 工程铸铁engineering cast iron3.3.45 特种铸铁special cast iron3.3.46 抗磨铸铁abrasion resistant cast iron3.3.47 冷硬铸铁[激冷铸铁] chilled cast iron3.3.48 耐磨铸铁wear resisting cast iron3.3.49 耐热铸铁heat resisting cast iron3.3.50 耐蚀铸铁corrosion resistant cast iron3.3.51 耐酸铸铁acid resisting cast iron3.3.52 密烘铸铁Meehanite cast iron3.3.53 孕育铸铁inoculated cast iron3.3.54 总碳量total carbon3.3.55 碳当量carbon equivalent3.3.56 碳当量仪eutectometer3.3.57 共晶度carbon saturation degree3.3.58 硅碳比silicon-carbon ratio3.3.59 锰硫比manganese-sulphur ratio3.3.60 铸铁石墨形态graphite morphology of cast iron3.3.61 片状石墨[片墨] flake graphite3.3.62 球状石墨[球墨] nodular graphite，spheroidal graphite3.3.63 絮团状石墨[退火碳] temper graphite ，annealing carbon3.3.64 团絮石墨quasi-spheroidal temper graphite3.3.65 蠕虫状石墨[蠕墨，紧密石墨] compacted graphite，vermicular graphite 3.3.66 开花状石墨exploded graphite3.3.67 初生石墨primary graphite3.3.68 过冷石墨undercooled graphite3.3.69 共晶石墨eutectic graphite3.3.70 共晶碳化物eutectic carbide3.3.71 游离碳free carbon3.3.72 石墨化graphitization3.3.73 石墨化退火graphitizing annealing3.3.74 石墨化度graphitizing grade3.3.75 石墨化因子graphitizing factor3.3.76 石墨面积率percentage of graphite area3.3.77 阻碍石墨化元素hindered graphitizing element3.3.78 墨化剂graphitizer3.3.79 石墨球化处理[球化处理] nodularizing treatment of graphite3.3.80 球化率percent of spheroidization3.3.81 石墨球数[球墨数] number of nodular graphites3.3.82 球化剂nodulizer，nodulizing alloy，spheroidal agent，spheroidizer3.3.83 镁焦magcoke,impregnated coke3.3.84 型内球化in-mold nodularization3.3.85 密容加镁包sealed spheroidizing treatment ladle3.3.86 干扰元素interference element3.3.87 石墨蠕化处理[蠕化处理] vermiculation of graphite3.3.88 蠕化剂vermicular agent3.3.89 蠕化率percent of vermiculation3.3.90 铸铁净化purification of cast iron3.3.91 三角试块wedge test-piece3.4 铸造有色合金3.4.1 铸造有色合金〔铸造非铁合金〕nonferrous cast alloy 3.4.2 铸造铝合金cast aluminum alloy3.4.3 高强度铸造铝合金high strength cast aluminum alloy3.4.4 铝硅合金aluminum-silicon alloy3.4.5 共晶铝硅合金eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy3.4.6 亚共晶铝硅合金hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy3.4.7 过共晶铝硅合金hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy3.4.8 初生硅primary silicon phase3.4.9 共晶硅eutectic silicon phase3.4.10 铝镁合金aluminum-magnesium alloy3.4.11 铝铜合金aluminum-copper alloy3.4.12 铝锌合金aluminum-zinc alloy3.4.13 铝锂合金aluminum-lithium alloy3.4.14 铸造铜合金cast copper alloy3.4.15 铸造黄铜cast brass3.4.16 硅黄铜silicon brass3.4.17 高强度黄铜high strength brass3.4.18 青铜bronze3.4.19 锡青铜tin bronze3.4.20 铝青铜aluminum bronze3.4.21 铅青铜lead bronze3.4.22 硅青铜silicon bronze3.4.23 铸造铜铬合金[铬青铜] cast copper-chromium alloy3.4.24 高阻尼铜合金high damping copper alloy3.4.25 螺旋桨用铸造铜合金cast copper alloy for propeller3.4.26 铸造镁合金cast magnesium alloy3.4.27 铸造锌合金cast zinc alloy3.4.28 低熔点合金fusible alloys3.4.29 轴承合金[减摩合金] antifrictional alloys，bearing alloys 3.4.30 巴氏合金babbitt metal ,white metal3.4.31 钛合金titanium alloy3.4.32 铸造高温合金cast superalloy3.4.33 镍基铸造高温合金nickel-base cast superalloy3.4.34 蒙乃尔合金Monel metal3.4.35 钴基铸造高温合金cobalt-base cast superalloy 3.4.36 铁基铸造高温合金iron-base cast superalloy 3.4.36 铁基铸造高温合金iron-base cast superalloy 3.4.37 压铸合金diecast alloy3.4.38 压铸铝合金aluminium diecast alloy3.4.39 压铸镁合金magnesium diecast alloy3.4.40 压铸铜合金copper diecast alloy3.4.41 压铸锌合金zinc diecast alloy3.4.42 锌当量zinc equivalent3.5 熔炼基本术语3.5.1 熔炼smelting3.5.2 熔化率melting rate3.5.3 熔炼损耗[熔损，烧损] total melting loss3.5.4 挥发损耗volatilizing loss3.5.5 元素烧损melting loss of alloying element3.5.6 元素增加gain of element3.5.7 熔池bath3.5.8 熔剂flux3.5.9 除气剂degassing flux3.5.10 覆盖剂covering flux3.5.11 炉料charge3.5.12 金属炉料metallic charge3.5.13 中间合金[母合金] master alloy3.5.14 回炉料foundry returns3.5.15 废金属料scrap3.5.16 炉料计算[配料] charge calculation3.5.17 熔渣[炉渣] slag3.5.18 沉渣sludge3.5.19 浮渣cinder，dross，scum3.5.20 碱性渣basic slag3.5.21 酸性渣acid slag3.5.22 造渣slag forming3.5.23 出渣deslagging3.5.24 出渣口slag hole，slag notch3.5.25 炉衬furnace lining3.5.26 碱性炉衬basic lining3.5.27 酸性炉衬acid lining3.5.28 耐火粘土fireclay3.5.29 碱度[碱性指数] index of basicity3.5.30 补炉patching3.5.31 炉龄[炉衬寿命] furnace campaign3.5.32 开炉blowing in，power on3.5.33 炉内气氛furnace atmosphere3.5.34 炉气分析flue gas analysis3.5.35 控制气氛controlled atmosphere3.5.36 炉前分析on-the-spot sample analysis3.5.37 出炉口tap hole3.5.38 出炉温度tapping temperature3.5.39 重熔remelting3.5.40 真空自耗电弧重熔consumable electrode vacuum arc refining3.5.41 喷射冶金injection metallurgy3.5.42 区域熔炼zone melting3.5.43 悬浮熔炼levitation melting，suspension melting3.5.44 真空熔炼vacuum melting3.5.45 坩埚炉crucible furnace3.5.46 坩埚crucible，pot3.5.47 保温炉holding furnace3.5.48 反射炉reverberatory furnace3.5.49 感应电炉electric induction furnace3.5.50 凝壳炉skull furnace3.5.51 增碳recarburizing3.5.52 增碳剂carburetant，carburetting agent，carburizer3.6 铸钢熔炼3.6.1 铸钢熔炼smelting of cast steel3.6.2 不氧化熔炼法dead melting3.6.3 氧化熔炼法oxidizing melting3.6.4 氧化期[沸腾期] oxidizing stage, boil stage3.6.5 氧化气氛oxidizing atmosphere3.6.6 氧化渣oxidizing slag3.6.7 还原期blocking stage，deoxidizing stage3.6.8 还原气氛reducing atmosphere3.6.9 还原渣reducing slag3.6.10 白渣white slag3.6.11 电弧炉electric arc furnace, direct electric arc furnace3.6.12 碱性电弧炉basic electric arc furnace3.6.13 酸性电弧炉acid electric arc furnace3.6.14 电渣熔炼electro-slag melting3.6.15 电渣炉electro-slag furnace3.6.16 氩氧脱碳法[AOD法] AOD process，Argon-Oxygen Decarburization process 3.6.17 脱碳decarburization3.6.18 脱氧deoxidation3.6.19 脱氧剂deoxidizer3.6.20 脱磷dephosphorization3.6.21 脱硫desulphurization3.6.22 脱硫剂desulphurizer3.7 铸铁熔炼3.7.1 铸铁熔炼smelting of cast iron3.7.2 双联熔炼duplexing smelting3.7.3 冲天炉cupola3.7.4 大间距双排风口冲天炉spacious twin-tuyeres cupola，twin-wind blast system cupola 3.7.5 多排小风口冲天炉multiple row small tuyeres cupola3.7.6 卡腰冲天炉waist shaped cupola3.7.7 热风冲天炉hot blast cupola3.7.8 水冷冲天炉water-cooled cupola3.7.9 水冷热风无炉衬冲天炉hot blast liningless cupola with water cooling3.7.10 无焦冲天炉cokeless cupola3.7.11 碱性冲天炉basic cupola3.7.12 酸性冲天炉acid cupola3.7.13 生铁pig iron3.7.14 铸造生铁foundry pig iron3.7.15 焦炭coke3.7.16 铸造焦炭[铸造焦] foundry coke3.7.17 固定碳fixed carbon3.7.18 铁焦比[焦比] iron coke ratio3.7.19 底焦coke bed3.7.20 层焦coke split3.7.21 隔焦extra coke3.7.22 接力焦buffer coke charge3.7.23 铁合金ferro-alloy3.7.24 有效高度effective height3.7.25 炉缸cupola well3.7.26 前炉forehearth3.7.27 密筋炉胆ribbed preheating jacket3.7.28 出铁槽cupola spout3.7.29 熔化带melting zone3.7.30 风带air belt，air box，wind box3.7.31 风口tuyere3.7.32 风口比tuyere ratio3.7.33 炉壁效应cupola wall effect3.7.34 冲天炉特性曲线cupola operation chart3.7.35 冲天炉炉前控制front control of molten iron of cupola，inspection in front of cupola 3.7.36 冲天炉检控仪tester and controller for cupola melting3.7.37 熔化强度melting intensity3.7.38 风量blast volume3.7.39 送风强度blast intensity3.7.40 送风压力blast pressure3.7.41 富氧送风oxygen enriched blast3.7.42 脱湿送风dehumidification blast3.7.43 预热送风hot blast3.7.44 送风预热器blast preheater3.7.45 火花捕集器spark arrestor3.7.46 冲天炉加料机cupola charging machine3.7.47 爬式加料机skip hoist3.7.48 冲天炉自动加料机automatic cupola charging equipment3.7.49 电磁盘electromagnetic chuck3.7.50 电磁配铁秤electromagnetic weighing balancer3.7.51 吸碳carbon pick-up3.7.52 棚料[搭棚] bridging3.7.53 封炉banking the cupola3.7.54 打炉cupola drop3.7.55 碎铁机breaker3.8 金属液处理3.8.1 精炼refining3.8.2 真空精炼vacuum refining3.8.3 炉外精炼ladle refining3.8.4 精炼熔剂[精炼剂] refining flux3.8.5 除气[去气] degassing3.8.6 真空除气vacuum degassing3.8.7 吹气净化blow purifying3.8.8 多孔塞法porous plug process3.8.9 变质modification3.8.10 变质剂modification agent，modificator3.8.11 磷变质phosphorus modification3.8.12 钠变质sodium modification3.8.13 长效变质剂permanent modificator3.8.14 型内变质in-mold modification3.8.15 孕育inoculation3.8.16 瞬时孕育[后孕育] instantaneous inoculation，late stage inoculation，post inoculation 3.8.17 随流孕育metal-stream inoculation3.8.18 型内孕育in-mold inoculation3.8.19 浇口盆孕育pouring basin inoculation3.8.20 孕育剂inoculant，inoculating agent3.8.21 孕育期inoculation period3.8.22 孕育衰退inoculation fading3.8.23 孕育不良abnormal inoculation，under-inoculation3.8.24 合金化处理alloying treatment3.8.25 喂线法[喂丝法] CQ process，wire feeding process，wire injection process3.8.26 摇包shaking ladle3.8.27 电磁搅拌electromagnetic agitation3.8.28 静置holding，stewing3.8.29 扒渣slagging-off3.8.30 型内过滤in-mold filtering3.8.31 型内合金化in-mold alloying3.8.32 晶粒细化grain refinement3.8.33 晶粒细化剂grain refiner3.9 浇注3.9.1 浇注pouring3.9.2 保护气氛浇注pouring under controlled atmosphere 3.9.3 真空浇注vacuum pouring3.9.4 自动浇注装置automatic pouring device3.9.5 自动浇注机automatic pouring machine3.9.6 电磁浇注机electromagnetic pouring machine3.9.7 捣冒口churning，pumping3.9.8 点冒口[补注] hot topping up，teeming3.9.9 浇包ladle3.9.10 底注包bottom pouring ladle3.9.11 转运包transfer ladle3.9.12 金属残液heel3.9.13 冷金属cold metal3.9.14 压铁weight4 造型材料4.1 基本术语4.1.1 造型材料molding material4.1.2 铸造用砂[砂] foundry sand，sand4.1.3 原砂[新砂] base sand，new sand，raw sand4.1.4 旧砂used sand4.1.5 回用砂reconditioned sand4.1.6 再生砂reclaimed sand4.1.7 枯砂[焦砂] burned sand4.1.8 热砂hot sand4.1.9 废砂waste sand4.2 原砂4.2.1 标准砂standard sand4.2.2 硅砂[石英砂] silica sand4.2.3 刚玉砂alumina sand4.2.3 刚玉砂alumina sand4.2.4 镁砂magnesite sand4.2.5 锆砂zircon sand4.2.6 镁橄榄石砂[橄榄石砂] fosterite sand，olivine sand 4.2.7 铬铁矿砂chromite sand4.2.8 煤矸石砂coal gangue sand4.2.9 熟料砂chamotte sand4.2.10 炭粒砂carbon sand4.2.11 石灰石砂limestone sand4.2.12 天然砂natural sand4.2.13 人工砂[人造砂] artificial sand4.2.14 水洗砂washed-out sand4.2.15 擦洗砂scrubbed sand4.2.16 浮选砂[精选砂] floated sand4.2.17 松散密度(型砂) aerated density，riddled density4.2.18 原砂细度[AFS平均细度] AFS fineness number，fineness number，grain fineness number 4.2.19 原砂粒度[原砂颗粒尺寸] particle size of base sand4.2.20 原砂颗粒分布grain size distribution of base sand4.2.21 原砂角形因数[原砂角形系数，原砂粒形系数] angularity of base sand4.2.22 原砂颗粒形状grain shape of base sand4.3 粘结剂4.3.1 粘结剂binder4.3.2 无机粘结剂inorganic binder4.3.3 粘土clay4.3.4 高岭土kaolin4.3.5 膨润土bentonite4.3.6 钠基膨润土sodium bentonite4.3.7 钙基膨润土calcium bentonite4.3.8 活化膨润土activated bentonite4.3.9 有机膨润土organic bentonite4.3.10 有效粘土effective clay4.3.11 活粘土active clay4.3.12 枯粘土[死粘土] burned clay4.3.13 白泥white clay4.3.14 水玻璃粘结剂sodium silicate binder，water glass binder4.3.15 水玻璃波美浓度Be concentration of water glass4.3.16 水玻璃模数sodium silicate modulus4.3.17 有机粘结剂organic binder4.3.18 纸浆废液[纸浆残液，亚硫酸盐纸浆废液] lignin liquor4.3.19 油类粘结剂oil based binder4.3.20 干性油drying oil4.3.21 合脂粘结剂synthetic fat binder4.3.22 渣油粘结剂residual oil binder4.3.23 自硬粘结剂[冷硬粘结剂] cold setting binder，no bake binder，self-hardening binder 4.3.24 树脂粘结剂resin binder4.3.25 热固性树脂粘结剂thermosetting resin binder4.3.26 热塑性树脂粘结剂thermoplastic resin binder4.3.27 铸造用树脂foundry resin4.3.28 自硬树脂系[非烘树脂系] no-bake resin system，self-hardening resin system4.3.29 气硬树脂系gas cured resin system4.3.30 热硬树脂系hot hardening resin system4.3.31 呋喃树脂furan resin4.3.32 酚醛树脂phenol-formaldehyde（PF）resin4.3.33 碱性酚醛树脂alkaline phenolic resin4.3.34 糠醇furfuryl-alcohol4.3.35 游离甲醛含量free formaldehyde content。
铸造行业术语
ASTM弯曲试杆 arbituration barA型石黑 A type graphiteB型石墨 B type graphiteCO2造模法，二气化碳造模法 CO2 process，carbon dioxide process DM转炉 DM converterF-M造模法，全模法 F-M process，full-mold processLD(转炉盗氧炼钢)法 LD processLD转炉 LD converterL形吊骨 jaggerN造模法，西山氏硬化法 N-ProcessPH值，离标值 pH valueSAE钢 SAE steelS形钩 S hookX光(X射线)，检验 X-ray inspectionX光(X射线)，绕射线 X-ray diffraction methodX光(X射线)，透视法 X-ray radiographyX光(X射线)，显微分析器 X-ray microanalyserX光，X射线 X-rayX脱模法(包模铸造法)(三氯乙烯蒸气脱蜡) X-process Y合金 Y-alloy阿达麦辊 Adamite roll阿伐固溶体 alpha(a)solid solution阿伐黄铜 alpha(a)brass阿伐青铜 alpha(a)bronze阿伐铁 alpha(a)iron阿姆可铁，工业级纯铁 Armco iron埃(10-10米) Angstron unit埃鲁电弧炉 Heroult electric arc furance艾氏冲击试验 Izod impact test艾氏冲击试验机 Izod impact testing machine艾素丘法 Isocure process爱玛炉(碳化硅电阻炉) Elema furnace安定化退火 stabilizing anneal安全布置 safety layout安全护目镜 safety goggles安全帽 helmet安全设施 protection and safety equipment 安全限应力 proof stress安全楔 safety wedge岸砂 shore sand按钮选择 push button selection胺基甲酸乙脂 urgthane胺类 amine胺气 amine gas暗冒口 blind feeder暗冒口 blind head暗冒口 blind riser暗冒口 bob暗冒口 closed riser盎司合金(85-5-5-5铜合金) ounce metal 凹口 notch凹口半径 radius of notch凹口感度 notch sensibility凹口试片 notch bar凹口试片 notched bar凹口作用 notch effect凹陷(铸疵) sink head巴氏合金 Babbitt metal扒炉渣 raking out the slag扒渣 slagging off扒渣 slag-off扒渣，结渣 slagging拔模螺丝 pattem screw拔模斜度 pattern draft钯(Pd) palladium白[口]生铁 white pig iron白[口]铸铁 white cast iron白[口]铸铁 white iron白粉料(涂模用) white facing白合金 white metal白金，铂(Pt) platinum白黏土 white clay白铁皮，锌板 zinc plate白心展性铸铁(白心可锻铸铁) white heart malleable cast iron 白杨木 poplar白缘(黑心展性铸铁) pearlite rim白云，母石黏土 illite clay白云石 dolomite白云石 magnesia limestone白云石砖 dolomite brick百万分之一 ppm柏努利定理 Bernoulli's theorem柏思麦酸性转炉生铁 Bessemer pig iron柏思麦转炉 Bessemer converter摆m线(造模) storing line斑面(铸疵) pitting surface斑蚀，点食 pitting搬运，手操作 handling板 board板片捆 sheet pack板手 spanner板条结构模型 grounds and lags板条输送机 slat conveyor半合成模砂 semi-compounded molding sand 半焦 semi-coke半径 radius半静钢 semi-killed steel半离心铸造法 semi-centrifugal casting 半龙门起重机 semi-goliath crane半圈补给口 half-feeder半熔未型撑 unfused chaplet半软钢 semi-mild steel半硬钢 medium hard steel半永久铸模 semi-permanent mold棒磨粉机 bar mill棒状砂心 slab core磅/平方吋 PSI(1bs per square in) 包晶变态 peritectic transformation 包晶反应 peritectic reaction包曼试验 Baumann test包模涂料 precoating material包模造模法 investment molding包模铸造法 investment casting包贴 en-casement包析 peritectoid包析反应 peritectoid reaction剥落 spall剥落 spalling剥落，剥皮 peeling剥砂痕(铸疵) rat tail剥砂面(铸疵) buckle剥砂线(铸疵) sand kneader保持时间 holding time保持温度 holding temperature 保磁力 coercive force保护蒙气 protective atmosphere 保护手套 protective glove保温电力 holding power保温净化，焖热，均热 soaking 保温净化，焖热烧透均热 stewing 保温炉 holding furnace保温炉 receiving furnace保险杠，缓冲器 bumper保证试验 proof test饱和度 degree of saturation饱和度 saturatin degree爆炸状石墨 exploded graphite贝他黄铜 beta(B)brass贝他石墨 beta(B)graphite贝他铁 beta(B) iron背板 backpa backplate，die cast背板榇砂造模法 back plate molding背层泥浆 back-up coating slurry背砂 back sand，back-up-sand背砂 backing sand背压 back pressure备用砂心条 stock core钡(Ba) barium本智周万物夹渣(由金属本身引成) endogenous slag inclusion 畚箕，篮 basket崩散 collapse崩散性 collapsibility绷索 rope比电阻 specific resistance比例碱度 proportional basicity比例限界 limit of proportionality比例限界 proportional limit比热 specific heat比色定量分析 colorimetric analysis比色定量学 colorimetry比色高温计 color comparator pyrometer 比色计 colorimeter比色温度 color temperature比重 specific gravity闭附气 occluded gas铋(Bi) bismuth边材(木材) sap wood边线，轮缘，胎环 rim边线效果 eddge effect边续式台车轮模机 car type mold conveyor扁块，平板 slab扁刷 flat brush扁形进模口 flat gate扁凿 flat chisel变<<hap003>>铁，变<<hap003>>体 bainite变态 transformation变态[温度]范围 transformation range变态点 transformation point变态温度 transformation temperature变态温度 transition temperature变态温度范围 transformation temperature range 变形 deformation变形模型 distoted pattern变形铸件 strained castings变质剂 leavening agent杓 dipper杓，小铲 scoop标称定律 nominal rating标称应力 nominal stress标称直径 nominal diameter标称资本 nominal capital标点 gage point标点(抗拉试样) gage mark标距 gage length标准成分，标准分析法 standard analysis标准模型 standard pattern标准砂 standard sand标准试样 standard sample标准预测值 normal expected value标准圆筒试样(模砂) standard cylindrical specimen 标准砖 standard square[bick]表面保护 surface protection表面处理 surface treatment表面粗糙(铸疵) rough surface表面浮松(铸疵) scum defect表面光制 surface finish表面烘干 skin drying表面烘干模 skin dried mold表面烘干砂模 flared mold表面烘干砂模 roast sand mold表面冷硬 surface chill表面烧着 furface vitrification表面硬化 case hardening表面硬化 surface hardening表面针孔(铸疵) surface pinholes冰晶石 cryolite冰糖形断面(铸疵) rock candy[fracture]丙铜 acetone丙烯树脂 acrylic resin并流 parallel flow波来铁，波来体 pearlite波来铁展性(可锻)铸铁 pearlite malleable iron 波来铸铁 pearlite cast iron波美 Baume波美比重计 Baume's hydrometer波纹 ripple玻璃过滤器 glass fabric filter玻璃化 virtrification玻璃纤维 glass fiber玻璃纤维布 glass cloth勃氏硬度 Brinell hardness勃氏硬度试验 Brinell hardness test薄壁铸件 thin section castings薄壁铸件 thin-wall cstings薄型砖 split brick捕尘器 arrester补偿导线 compensation lead补充焦 coke booster补充焦炭，补充煤焦 extra coke补给，进料，补浇 feed补给环 feed ring补给距离 feeding distance补给口(冒口) feeder补给口带 feeding zone补给口发热剂 exothermic feeding compound 补给口发热剂(冒口) feeding compound补给口套 feeder bush补给口效果 feeder effect补给用冒口 feed riser补浇 repouring补强带，炉箍 strengthening band补绕(冒口) feeding补缀，补修，补修料 patch补缀，补修，搪补 patching不规则合模面 irregular joint不规则形分模面 stepped joint不合尺寸 off-dimension不良件数，退件数 rejection number不良品 rejects不良铸造 faulty casting不列颠合金 Britania metal不熔[化]性 infusibility不透气性 impermeability不稳定平衡图 unstable equilibrium diagram 不锈钢 stainless steel部分还原铁矿 partially reduced iron ore 部分混合性 partial miscibility部分模型 department pattern擦光 buffing擦光机 buffing machine擦光剂 buffing compound擦光轮 buff擦光轮 buffing wheel擦伤 galling材料试验 material test材料试验 material testing材料试验机 material testing machine采购部 purchase department采购价，原价 purchase price踩紧 track tramping参考分析 reference analysis参数 parameter残磁 residual magnetism残留波来铁 residual pearlite残留尘量 residual dust content残留磁气 remanent magnetism残留活斯田铁 retained austenite残留金属液 remaining melt残留强度(铸砂) retained strength(sand) 残留物 residue残留物，筛留物 residues残留雪明碳铁 residual cementite残留应变 residual strain残留应力 residual stress仓 bin仓储 storage仓库 store house操作，作业 operation操作钮 operating knob糙斑铁，糙斑体 sorbite糙斑铁铸铁 sorbitic cast iron槽(槽型炉) loop槽带输送机 trough conveyor槽形感觉电炉 channel typee induction furance 草绳 braided straw草绳 straw rope草图 sketching侧流道 side runner侧冒口 side riser侧装机 side loader测高温学 pyrometry测厚黏土 thickness piece搀炉，秋千炉，倾转熔铁炉 tilting cupola铲，砂铲 shovel铲斗 shovel loader测深尺 depth scale测深规 depth gage测微放射线像 microradiography测温漆 thermal paint测隙规，厚度规 thickness gage层，片 lamella层焦 coke charge层流 laminar flow层状波来铁 laminar pearlite层状腐蚀 lamellar corrosion插模钉 sprag查马克(商品名，压帮用锌铝铜合金) Zamak茶壶嘴式浇斗 tea pot spout ladle长柄导杆 long shaft pendulum tool 长抹刀，柳叶抹刀 long spatula长石 feldspar长统手套 gauntlet glove长焰煤 long flame coal长凿 long chisel常态分布 normal distribution常温裹贴法 cold coated process常温试验 cold test常温自硬 air setting常温自硬法 air set process常温自硬黏接剂 air setting binder常温自硬树脂粘结风 airbond常温自硬性合成树脂 cold-hardening synthetic resin 常温自硬性黏结剂 cold-setting binder常温自硬油 air setting oil常温自硬铸造模 air setting mold场内熔接 shop weld敞模，露天模 open mold敞模铸造 open sand casting敞砂模 open sand mold敞砂模法 open sand molding超高电力 super-high power超轻合金 ultra-light alloy超细粉 sub-sieve powder超音波检验 ultra-sonic testing车 car车床 lathe车床床身，车床床台 lathe bed车屑 turning scraps车屑 turnings尘量测定器 dust extraction device榇边 bush，bushing榇垫，填料 packing榇炉用期 lining campaign榇砖 lining brick成本 cost成本 prime cost成长 rowth成堆比重 bulk specific gravity成堆密度 bulk density成堆容积 bulk volume成孔期(电弧炉)，搪孔 boring成模台(压铸) holding block成品量，产量 output成品铸件区 finished castings department 成熟度 degree of normality成形 forming成形性 forming property程序图 routing routing diagram弛力退火 stress relief annealing池，浴槽 bath持久比 endurance ratio持久试验 endurance test持久性 endurance匙形抹刀 slicker spoon迟延装置 delay screen尺，规则 rule尺寸 dimension尺寸安定性 dimensional stability尺寸精度 dimensional accuracy齿轮吊车浇 geared crane ladle齿轮缘 gear rim赤铁矿 hematite赤铁矿生铁 hematite pig iron，hematite iron赤杨木 alder充氮 nitrogen charge冲砂(铸疵) cut冲砂(铸疵) cuts冲砂(铸疵) cuts and washed冲砂(铸疵)，涂浆 wash冲蚀 erosion冲蚀结疤(铸疵) erosion scab冲板洗涤机 impingement plate scrubber冲层 stampings冲床，冲头 punch冲击磨耗 pounding wear冲击强度 impact strength冲击式硬度试验机 impact hardness testin machine 冲击试验 impact test冲击试验机 impact tester冲击速度 striking velocity冲击值 impact value冲孔废料 punched scrap冲射射式集尘器 impingement dust collector 冲销 drift冲屑 punchings虫 lac虫胶 shellac抽取用皮带输送机 draw off belt conveyor 抽吸罩 suction hood抽吸装置 sucking-off plant抽烟气设备 fume extraction equipment抽样 sampling抽样规则 sampling prescription抽样检验 samplimg inspection稠渣 sluggish slag出口 outlet出模机构 knock-out gear出气管(旋风集尘器) exit pipe出清(熔炉) depletion出铁 tapping出铁杆 tap out bar出铁杆 tapping bar出铁口，流出孔 tapping hole出铁口熔渣 flux出铁口塞杆 tap hole plug stick出铁温度 tapping temperature出渣 slag-out出渣，脱渣 deslag，deslagging出渣槽 slag notch出渣槽 slag spout出渣槽 slagging spout出渣孔 scum hole出渣孔 slag hole初步清理台 rough dressing table初步试验 preliminary test初级线圈 primary air初加料，起熔料 initial charge初晶 primary constituent初晶活斯田铁 proeutectic austenite 初晶石墨 primary crystal初裂 incipient crack初凝结 initial condensation初生吐粒铁 primary troostite除尘 dedusting除尘 dust extraction除尘器 dust separator除尘设备 dust removal除尘设备 dust removal plant除尘装置 dust separation plant除铝剂 aluminium removal除气 degasification除气 degasifying除气 degassing除气剂 degasifier除气熔剂 degassing flux除气退火 degassing anneal除氢，脱氢 degassing of fydrogen除湿 dehumidification除湿，脱水，干燥 dehydration除湿器 dehumidifier除渣 drossing除脂 degreasing储仓 bunker储仓 silo储仓 storage bunker处理楔值 processing wedge value处理用浇桶 theatment ladle穿透，贯穿 penetration穿透能力(X光试验) penetrating power 船用钢板 ship plate传导度 conductivity传递气 carrier gas传递液 carrier fluid传热流体 thermal fluid吹板(吹砂机) blow plate吹板(吹砂机) blowing plate吹疵 blow吹风淬火 air blast quenching吹管 blow-pipe吹净用空气(冷厘法) scavening air吹气，通气处理(金属液)，冲洗 flush slag 吹枪 blow gun吹砂机(造砂心用) blowing machine吹氧炼钢法 oxygen steel making吹氧嘴管 oxygen lance吹制砂心 blow a core吹制砂心 blowing吹制砂心 blown core吹制用砂心盒 core box for blowing锤 hammer锤鳞，鍜鳞 hammer scale锤平，轻敲 peening锤球，落锤球 tup锤碎机 hammer mill纯度 degree of purity纯度 purity纯铁 pure iron瓷土，高岭土 china clay磁粉探伤 magnetic particle inspection，magnetic crack detection 磁化力 magnetizing force磁力带轮(磁选机用) magnetic pulley磁力探伤 magnzflux磁力探伤检验 magnaflux inspection磁力探伤检验 magnetic crack detection磁力筒(磁选机用) magnetic drum磁力造模法 magnet molding process磁铁矿 magnetite磁性变态 magnetic transformation磁选机 magnetic separator磁滞损失 hysteresisloss枞木 fir粗度，粗糙度 roughness粗钢 raw steel粗晶面(铸疵) facet tracture粗粮波来铁 coarse pearlite粗面凝固 rough wall solidification粗磨 snag粗磨机 rough grinding machine粗泥浆砂 roughing loam粗砂 coarse sand粗砂 roughing sand粗砂锥辗硅砂 concial sand from coarse sand粗筛 riddle粗松组织 coarse structure粗松组织 open-grain structure粗铜 blister copper粗轧辊 roughing roll催化剂 accelerator催化剂，触媒，冷化剂 catalyst脆化 embrittlement脆性 brittleness脆性 shortness淬火 quenching淬火机 hardening machine淬火裂痕 quench crack淬火裂痕 quenching crack淬火能力(淬火液) quenching intensity淬火时间 quenching time淬火时效 quench aging淬火应力 quenching stress淬火硬化 quench hardening淬裂 hardening crack错模，偏合，毛边(铸疵)，工作班制 shift错配(模型，铸模，心型) mismatch，in pottern mold，core 鎝(Tc) technetium打包机 packer打孔卡片 punch card打孔纸带 puch tape打磨(磨毛边，打浇冒口等) fettle shagging 打磨滚筒 rattler打散筛孔 breaker screen打铁球 skull cracker打铣球，落锤 drop ball大浇斗 bulbs大气，蒙气(炉内气氛) atmosphere大气泡(铸疵) gross blowhole大气熔化 air melting大气铸造 air casting大型铸件 large castings带 band带，皮带 belt带锯 band saw带色防护镜 filter glass带式磁选机 magnetic belt separator带式运送机 belt conveyor带铁 fillet iron带缘导销 collared pin带运送机 band conveyor袋滤器 bag filter袋滤器 bag house袋形端承 pocket print单边心型端承，单边砂心头 single core print单轨系统 monorail system单件模型 one-piece pattern单面模型板 single-strand casting machine单色光学高温计 monochromatic optical pyrometer 单体肥粒铁 free ferrite单体碳 free carbon单体雪明碳铁 free cementite单条[连续]铸造机 sink单位负载 unit load单向凝固 unidirectional solidification单元砂，整体砂 unit sand单支进模口本堰 single gate氮硬化 nitrogen hardening氮(N) nitrogen氮化 nitriding氮化法 nitriding process弹动清砂 spring release弹簧心型撑 spring chaplet弹能模数 modulus of resilience弹壳黄铜(三七黄铜) cartridge brass弹性 elasticity弹性变形 elastic deformation弹性模数，弹性系数 elastic modulus弹性能 resilience弹性切割砂轮 elastic slitting wheel弹性系数，弹性模数 modulus of elasticity 弹性限界 elastic limit弹性限界 limt of elasticity当量，等价系数 coefficient of equivalent 挡板 baffle挡板 baffle plate挡板 damper挡渣坝 dam挡渣口浇桶 dam type lip ladle档渣浇池 pouring basin with buffles刀形进模口 knife gate倒角，去角 rounded sand grain捣成炉榇 rammed lining捣成用料 ramming compound捣动盛桶(脱硫用) shaking device捣紧，填塞剂 tamping捣紧度，槌紧度 degree of ramming捣砂，捣制 rramming捣砂锤 bench rammer捣砂锤 rammer捣砂杆 sand rammer捣砂走样 ram off捣制砂心 ram up core捣制走样 ramaway导股(连续铸造) strand guiding导气管 air duct导入，导件 guide导套 guide bushing导销 guide pin导销 leader pin导销榇套 leader pin bushing得板 screen plate德拉瓦离心铸管法 De-lavaued processdelay relase 德他固溶体 dendrite德他合金 delta solid solutin德他黄铜 delta bronze德他青铜 delta iron德他铁 delta metal德银，铜 German silver等吹熔铸炉 equi-blast cupola等价因子 equivalence factor等温变态 isothermal transformation等温退火 isothermal annealing等温线图 isothermal diagram等温硬化 isothermal hardening低合金钢铸件 low alloy steel castings低磷生铁 low phosphorus pig iron低摩擦金属 anti-friction metal低黏天然砂 meager sand低黏性砂 lean sand低黏性砂 weak sand低黏性硅砂，硅砂 unbonded silica sand低碳钢 low carbon steel低碳生铁 low carbon pig iron低温脆性 cold shortness低温熔化 cold melt低温退火 low temperature annealing低压风扇 low pressure fan低周波 main frequency低周波感应电炉 line frequency induction furnace低周波感应电炉 low frequency electric induction furance迪沙式自动造模机(丹麦制高压高速无箱式造模机) Disamatic molding machine 底(炉)，(造模) bed底板 acking board底板 bed plate底板 bottom board底板 bottom plate底层装料 bed charge底焦 coke bed底浇法 bottom casting底浇法 bottom pouring底浇式浇桶 bottom pour ladle底浇铸模 bottom pour mold底进模口法 bottom gating底面 basal plane底炭 bed coke底炭高度 bed coke height底特律式电弧炉 Detroit electric furnace 地坑 pit地坑炉 pit furnace地坑造模法 pit molding地坑铸造 pit casting地面砂，背砂 floor sand地模 floor mold地模法，地面造模法 floor molding碲(Te) tellurium碘(I) iodine点火 firing点火 ignition点火 ligh up点火 lighting up点火 light-off点火孔 breast door点火孔 lighting hole点火器 igniter点燃点 ignition point电池，组 battery电磁搅拌 electric magnetic agitation电磁循环 electric magnetic circulation 电动吊车 electric hoist电动发电机 motor generator电动加气硬化机 automatic gassing machine 电动推高机 electric lift truck电动造模机 electric molding machine电镀 electro-gilding电镀 electro-plating电焊条，电熔接条 arc welding electrode 电弧长度 arc length电弧截割 arc cutting电弧炉 arc furnace电弧炉 electric arc furance电弧气吹铲平 arc-air gouging电弧气吹切割 arc-air cutting电弧熔接 arc welding电弧熔接，电焊 electric arc welding电极，电熔接条，电焊条 electrode电极耗用量(电弧炉) electrode consumption电极夹具，电熔接条夹把，电焊条夹把 electrode holder 电极控制系统 electrode control system电极清洁法 electrol-cleaning电极熔接，电极焊接 electrode welding电极头 stub end电解精炼 electrolytic refining电解铁 electrolytic iron电解铜 electrolytic copper电解锌 electroplytic zinc电开关装置 electric switchgear电炼生铁 electric furance iron电炉 electric furance电炉钢 electric steel电滤尘器 electro-filter电木，胶木 bakelite电热熔化 electric smelting电子 electron电子显微镜 electron microscope电阻高温计 resistance pyrometer电阻合金 electro-resistance alloy电阻炉 electric resistance furance电阻炉 resistance furnace电阻系数，电阻力 resistivity垫板，底板 base plate垫厚(铸造技术) padding，reinforcement垫厚(铸造技术) reinforcement，paddling垫圈，洗涤机 washer淀粉 starch吊车 hoist吊车浇桶 crane ladle吊车盘 hoist pan吊钩 lifting hook吊骨，撑条，插条 gagger吊骨，撑条，插条 slodier吊骨，吊具，吊架 hanger吊环 bail吊梁 lifting beam吊砂条 clack吊运车 trolley吊钩 load hook吊骨 anchoring调合模砂 blended molding sand调节设备 controlled means调辙车 transfer car调整器 regulator调质处理 quenching with Subsequent tempering 调质砂 tempering sand调质水分 tempering water调质铸铁 modified cast iron 蝶形阀 butterfly valve迭边浇道 Connor runner bar 迭边进模口 kiss gate迭边进模口 lap gate迭边冒口 kiss riser迭模 multiple mold迭模 stack boxes迭模 stack mold迭模法 multiple molding迭模法 stack molding迭模浇铸法 stack pouring迭箱 stack钉 nail顶板 ejection plate顶板 lifting plate顶板 top board顶板 top plate顶出 ejection顶出板(压铸) ejector plate 顶出杆 knock-out bar顶出力 ejector force顶出器，喷射器 ejector顶出销 knock-out pin顶出销(压铸) ejector顶浇法 top pouring顶浇进模口 top gate顶冒口 top riser顶销，起销 lifting pin顶铸法 top casting process定量分析 quantitative analysis 定量仪 quantometer定模(压铸) cover die定模板(压铸)，平台 platen定盘式混砂机 fixed pan mill定时淬火 time quenching定时器 timer定位垫 locating pad定位孔 locating hole定位销 locating pin定位销钉 positioning dowel定位锥 locating cones定心毂 centering boss定心针 centering pin定性分析 qualitative analysis 订货铸造工场 jobbing foundry 铥(TM) thulium冻汞法(精密铸造) Mercast process动力滚子输送机 powered roller conveyor 动力试验 dynamic test动叶轮 impeller动叶轮摔砂 impeller ramming动作，工作 working都市煤气 town gas陡震试验 shock test斗，箕斗，桶装载机 bucket毒性度 toxicity rating读数式分光仪 digital spectrometer堵口砖 nozzle brick堵塞 bott堵塞 botting堵塞出铁口(熔铁炉) stopping up堵塞杆 bott stick堵塞器 stopper堵塞式浇桶 stopper ladle堵塞砖 stopper and nozzle brick杜具纳转炉 Tropenas converter杜维利化碳转浇铸法 Durville pouring杜维利化碳转浇铸法 Durville process镀镍 nickel plating镀锡铁皮，马口铁皮 tin plate镀锌 galvanizing镀锌 sherardizing镀锌 zinc coating镀锌 zinc plating镀锌，浸锌 zinc galvanizing镀锌脆性 galvanizing embrittlement镀锌铁板，白铁皮 galvanized iron sheet 镀锌铁皮，白铁皮 zinc-coated sheet短暂退火炉 short anneal furnace锻造用合金 wrought alloy断口检验 fracture test断口金相检验 fractography断裂点 point of rupture断面收缩 necking断面缩率 area contraction，percentage of 断面缩率 area reduction，percentage of 断续浇铸 interrupted pouring堆 heap堆高机 fork lift truck堆积密度 packing density堆料场 stock ground堆料场 stock-yard堆砂 heap sand堆渣场 slag tip堆重 piled weight对合开放砂心盒 split open ended core box 对合模型，分割模型 split pattern对合模型板，分割模型板 split plate对合铸模 split mold对流 convection对准 alignment钝气 inert gas钝气电弧熔接 inert-gas arc welding多边形筛 polygonal screen多段风口，多段风嘴 multiple tuyere多角形砂 angular sand多孔塞 porous plug多孔塞搅拌法 porous-plug method多孔性，气孔率，气孔巢(铸疵) porosity多石英砂 quartzose sand多水高岭土 halloysite锇(Os) osmium鹅颈浇道，鹅颈管 goose neck而酸铸铁 acid resistant cast iron耳轴，挂耳 trunnion二次风口，二次风嘴 secondary tuyere二次合金 secondary alloy二次空气 secondary air二钙硬化法 Di-Cal process二氧化锆 zirconia二氧化碳造模法，碳酸气硬模法，CO2造模法 carbon dioxide process(CO2 process) 二氧化铁(FeO2) ferrous oxide二元合金 binary alloy发火合金 pyrophoric alloys发热反应 exothermic reaction发热覆盖?冒口用) exothermic shield发热冒口 exothermic riser发热套筒 exothermic sleeve发热性缩颈砂心(冒口用) exothermic breaker core发热性缩孔防止粉 exothermic antipiping powder发生炉 producer发生炉煤气 power gas发生炉煤气 producer gas发生炉燃气，瓦斯 generator gas阀 valve珐琅面，上釉 glassy surface翻举装置 rollover and lifting device翻模 rolling over翻模板 rollover board翻模板 rollover plate翻箱索具 beam and sling翻箱造模机 rollover molding machine翻转(壳模制造) peel back翻转，翻模 rollover翻转顶销脱模机 turnover and pinlift machine 翻转式砂心机 rockover core making machine 翻转脱模式造模机 frame-rollover machine翻转脱模装置 turn-draw device翻转造模机 turnover molding machine钒(V) vanadium钒铁 ferro-vanadium钒铸铁 vanadium cast iron反复冲击试验 repair反复横断冲击试验 repeated impact test反喇叭形浇口 reverse horn gate反射炉 air furnace反射炉 reverberatory furnace反跳硬度计 scleroscope反跳硬度试验 rebound hardness test反跳硬度试验 scleroscope hardness test反斜度 back draft反应带 reaction zone反应度 reactivity反应模斜度 inverse draft反应速率 rate of reaction反转起模 draw on turnover方锉 square file方解石 calcite方向性凝固 directional solidification 防尘面具，口罩 respirator防护套管 protection tube防裂筋 cracking strip防裂片，散热片 cooling fin防蚀 anti-corrosion防缩暗冒口 shrink bob防缩剂，冒口保温用 anti-piping compound 防缩孔粉剂 pipe eliminator防缩冒口 shrink head防缩冒口 shrinker防锈 anti-rust防锈剂 rust-preventing agent防锈涂层 rust preventive coating放射线检验 radiographic inspection放射线检验 radiographic testing放射线透视 radioscopy放射线照片 radiographic film放射线照像术 radiography放射性同位素 radioactive isotope放样板 lay out board放置器 set-down device非磁性铸铁 non-magnetic cast iron非焦性煤 non-coking coal非金属夹杂物 non-metallic inclusion非金属夹杂物 sonims非均质组织 heterogeneous structure非破坏试验 non-destructive testing(NDT)非铁金属 non-ferrous metal非氧化气孔(银白色气孔)(铸疵) unoxidized blowholes 飞边(铸件) feather飞边，闪光 flash飞边清除 flash removal飞边现象(合模或模裂形成) finning飞灰 fluxing肥粒铁，肥粒体 ferrite肥粒铸铁 ferritic cast iron沸腾 boil沸腾 boiling沸腾期 boiling period肺尘埃沉着病 pneumoconiosis费德曼组织(金相) Widmannstaetten structure废(钢)片 sheet scrap废电极 electrode scrap废钢 scrap steel废料 scrap废品率 arate of rejects废品率，退件率，不良率 reject ratio废品率，退件率，不良率 rejection rate，reject atio 废气 exhaust gas废气 waste gas废热 waste heat废铁 iron scrap废铁 scrap iron废铸料 cast scrap分布 distribution分部模型 section pattern分部心型 sectional core分层浇口 side step gating分层进模口 side step gate分层精炼法 zone refining分次式混合机 batch mixer分次式火炉 batch type annealing furnace分次式磨粉机 batch mill分次式配砂场 batch sand plant分次式熔炉 batch furnace，batch-type furnace)分次退火炉 periodic annealing furnace分道砖 runner core分度盘 dividing plate分度圈 limb分段淬火 interrupted quenching分段淬火 stage hardening分段淬火 step quenching分段时效 interrupted aging分段退火 stepped annealing分级，刻度 graduation分级节(模砂) classifying screen分级进模口 steeped sprue分级进模口 step gate分级进模口 stepped side gate分级进模口铸造 step gate casting分级筛 grading screen分级筛 size screen分级摇动筛 size jigging screen分级硬度 gradient hardness分件图 parts drawing分解 resolution分离器 separator分离筛 sepaating screen分离型波来铁(球状云明碳机) divorced pearlite 分模粉 parting powder分模剂 parting agent分模剂 parting compound分模面 mold joint分模面 parting surface分模面进模口 parting gate分模砂 parting sand分模线 parting line分模纸 parting paper分配流槽 distributing launder分配销(压铸) sprue pin分支砂心，分支心模 branch core分铸试验 separately cast test bar分子 molecule酚 phenol酚<<an017>>喃树脂 phenolic furan resin 酚甲醛树脂 phenol-formaldehyde resin 酚树脂 phenolic resin酚塑，黏结剂 phenol plast binder粉煤 powdered coal粉煤 pulverized coal粉煤装置 powdeed coal equipment粉末金属 powdered metal粉末金属机件 powdered metal parts粉末冶金，粉末冶金术 powder metallurgy 粉状石墨 plumbago封闭 sealing封闭剂 sealing compound封闭砂条 sealing ring封罐退火 pot annealing封合模型，分割模型 parted pattern封盒退火 box annealing封漏，浸入 impregnation风锤 air hammer风管输送机 pneumatic tube conveyer风管输送系统 penumatic tube dispatch system 风化石锥辗硅砂 conical sand from stone风口，风嘴 tuyere风口棒 tuyere bar风口比 tuyere ratio风口带 tuyere zone风口面 buyere line风力分级 air classification风力净化法 air cleaning process风量，体积 air volume风量计 air volume meter风量计 blast volume meter风量控制仪 air weight controller风干 air drying风干法 air seasoning风干强度 air strength风干强度 air-dried strength风扇 fan风速计 anemometer风箱 air belt风箱 air box风箱 air tank风箱 wind belt风箱 wind box风硬 air hardening风硬钢 air-hardening steel枫木 maple蜂巢炉 beehive oven蜂巢炉焦炭 beehive coke蜂蜡 bees wax伏利安[气体]搅拌法 voianik method 氟(F) fluorine浮渣 dross浮渣 incrustation浮渣，夹渣 scum浮渣，撇渣 skim幅射高温计 radiation pyrometer幅射管炉 radiant tube furnace复合辊 composite roll复合接种剂 complex inoculant复合涂膜 complex coating复合形砂 compound sand复合铸造 composite casting复磷 repetition castings复热器 recuperator复热系统 recuperative system复置模型试模 replacing pattern in the mold 复制品 replica腐蚀 corrosion腐蚀脆化 corrosion embrittlement附件 accessories附浇口系模型 gated pattern附设铸工场 capitive foundry附设铸工场 tied foundry附体试杆 cast-on bar附体试杆 cast-on test bar附体试片 test coupon附体试片 test lug附体试验 attached test coupon负偏析 negative segregation负载 load副产焦炭 by-product coke副电流 sedondary current副料 indirect materials副线圈 secondary coil。
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铸造名词术语（GB5611-85）1 基本术语1.1 铸造 foundry, founding, casting1.2铸造工艺 foundry technology1.3铸件 casting1.4砂型铸造 sand casting process1.5特种铸造 special casting process2合金性能2.1 流动性 fluidity2.2 充型能力 mold-filling capacity2.3 吸气 gas absorption2.4 过冷 undercooling, supercooling2.5 过冷度 degree of undercooling2.6 成核 nucleation2.7 自发成核（均质成核） homogeneous nucleation2.8非自发成核（非均质成核） heterogeneousnucleation2.9凝固温度范围 solidification range2.10定向凝固（顺序凝固） directionalsolidification2.11液态收缩（液体收缩） liquid contraction 2.12凝固收缩 solidification contraction2.13固态收缩（固体收缩） solid contraction 2.14凝固时间 solidification time2.15自由收缩 free contraction2.16受阻收缩 hindered contraction2.17铸件线收缩率 shrinkage2.18收缩应力 contraction stress2.19热应力 thermal stress2.20相变应力 transformation stress, phasechange stress2.21铸造应力 casting stress2.22残留应力（残余应力） residual stress3铸造用材料3.1金属原材料3.1.1 金属原材料 metallic raw material3.1.2生铁 pig iron3.1.3铁合金 ferro-alloy3.1.4回炉料 foundry returns3.1.5中间合金 master alloy3.2燃料3.2.1铸造焦炭 foundry coke3.2.2冶金焦炭 metallurgical coke3.2.3固定碳 fixed carbon3.3熔剂3.3.1 熔剂 flux3.3.2 除气熔剂（除气剂） degassing flux 3.3.3 覆盖熔剂（覆盖剂） covering flux 3.3.4 精炼熔剂（精炼剂） refining flux 3.4耐火材料3.4.1耐火度（耐火性） refractoriness3.4.2耐火砖 firebrick3.4.3耐火粘土 fireclay3.4.4硅砖 silica brick3.4.5镁砂 grain magnesite3.5 造型材料3.5.1 造型材料 molding material3.5.2 砂 sand3.5.3 水洗砂 washed-out sand3.5.4 硅砂 silica sand3.5.5天然砂 natural sand3.5.6人工砂 artificial sand3.5.7天然粘土砂 naturally clay-bonded sand 3.5.8橄榄石砂 olivine sand3.5.9铬铁矿砂 chromite sand3.5.10锆砂 zircon sand3.5.11炭粒砂 carbon sand3.5.12精硅砂 sharp sand3.5.13红砂 red sand3.5.14熟料砂 chamotte sand3.5.15粘结剂 binder3.5.16粘土 clay3.5.17无机粘结剂 inorganic binder3.5.18有机粘结剂 organic binder3.5.19高岭土 kaolin3.5.20膨润土 bentonite3.5.21钠基膨润土 sodium bentonite3.5.22钙基膨润土 calcium bentonite3.5.23活化膨润土 activated bentonite3.5.24干性油 drying oil3.5.25自硬粘结剂(冷硬粘结剂) no bakebinder3.5.26热固树脂粘结剂 thermosetting resinbinder3.5.27油类粘结剂 oil based binder3.5.28水玻璃粘结剂 water glass binder,sodium silicate binder3.5.29纸浆废液 lignin liquor3.5.30合脂粘结剂 synthetic fat binder3.5.31水玻璃模数 sodium silicate modulus 3.6辅助材料3.6.1附加物 additives3.6.2发热剂 exothermic mixture3.6.3分型剂（脱模剂） parting agent,stripping agent3.6.4固化剂（硬化剂）hardener3.6.5悬浮剂suspending agent3.6.6涂料 coating3.7砂处理3.7.1型砂制备（砂处理） sand preparation 3.7.2混砂 sand mulling, sand mixing3.7.3型砂（造型混合料） molding sand 3.7.4芯砂（造芯混合料） core sand3.7.5合成砂 synthetic sand3.7.6自硬砂 self-hardening sand3.7.7水玻璃砂 sodium silicate-bonded sand 3.7.8覆膜砂 precoated sand3.7.9烂砂泥（麻泥） loam3.7.10调匀砂 temper sand3.7.11面砂 facing sand3.7.12背砂（填充砂） backing sand3.7.13单一砂 unit sand3.7.14含泥量 clay content3.7.15含水量 moisture content3.7.16旧砂 floor sand3.7.17枯砂（焦砂） burnt sand3.7.18废砂 waste sand3.7.19热砂 hot sand3.7.20松砂 aeration , sand-cutting3.7.21筛分（筛析） screen analysis3.7.22旧砂处理 sand reconditioning3.7.23旧砂再生 sand reclamation3.7.24沉降分选 elutriation, decantation3.8型砂性能及试验3.8.1 型砂试验 sand testing3.8.2 透气性 permeability3.8.3 流动性 flowability3.8.4型砂强度 sand strength3.8.5湿强度 green strength3.8.6干强度 dry strength3.8.7耐用性（复用性） durability3.8.8砂型（芯）硬度 mold hardness3.8.9热变形 hot deformation3.8.10残留强度 retained strength3.8.11热强度 hot strength3.8.12韧性 toughness3.8.13发气率（发气速度） gas evolution rate 3.8.14发气性（发气量） gas evolution3.8.15吸湿性 moisture absorption3.8.16落砂性 knock-out capability3.8.17潰散性 collapsibility3.8.18胶质价 colloid index3.8.19破碎指数 shatter index3.9砂处理设备3.9.1热气流烘砂装置 hot pneumatic tubedrier3.9.2混砂机 sand muller, sand mixer 3.9.3松砂机 aerator, sand cutter3.9.4冷却提升机 cooling elevator,coolevator3.9.5筛砂机 riddle3.9.6磁力滚筒 magnetic separator3.9.7旧砂再生设备 sand reclamation3.9.8气力输送装置 pneumatic tube conveyor 4铸造合金4.1铸铁4.1.1 铸铁 cast iron4.1.2 铸铁石墨形态 morphology of graphite in cast iron4.1.3 灰铸铁（灰口铸铁） gray cast iron 4.1.4 白口铸铁 white cast iron4.1.5 麻口铸铁 mottled cast iron4.1.6共晶度 degree of saturation4.1.7碳当量 carbon equivalent4.1.8片状石墨 flake graphite4.1.9初生石墨 primary graphite4.1.10孕育铸铁 inoculated cast iron4.1.11球墨铸铁 spheroidal graphite cast iron,nodular graphite iron, ductile iron4.1.12球状石墨 spheroidal graphite, nodulargraphite4.1.13可锻铸铁 malleable cast iron4.1.14黑心可锻铸铁 black heart malleablecast iron4.1.15珠光体可锻铸铁 pearlitic malleablecast iron4.1.16铁素体可锻铸铁 ferritic malleable castiron4.1.17白心可锻铸铁 white heart malleablecast iron4.1.18团絮石墨 tempered graphite4.1.19冷硬铸铁（激冷铸铁） chilled iron 4.1.20耐磨铸铁 wear resisting cast iron4.1.21耐热铸铁 heat resisting cast iron4.1.22耐酸铸铁 acid resisting cast iron4.1.23高硅铸铁 high silicon cast iron4.1.24蠕墨铸铁 vermicular cast iron,compacted graphite cast iron4.1.25蠕虫状石墨 vermicular graphite4.1.26合金铸铁 alloy cast iron4.2铸钢4.2.1 铸钢 cast steel4.2.2 炭素铸钢 carbon cast iron4.2.3 低合金铸钢 low alloy cast steel4.2.4 高锰钢 high manganese steel4.2.5铁素体钢 ferritic steel4.3铸造非铁合金4.3.1 青铜 bronze4.3.2 铅青铜 lead bronze4.3.3 铝青铜 aluminum bronze4.3.4 黄铜 brass4.3.5铝铜合金 aluminum-copper alloy4.3.6铝镁合金 aluminum-magnesium alloy 4.3.7铝硅合金 aluminum-silicon alloy4.3.8镁合金 magnesium alloy4.3.9轴承合金（减摩合金） bearing metal,antifrictional metal4.3.10巴氏合金 babbitt alloy4.3.11钛合金 titanium alloy5熔炼工艺及设备5.1熔炼基本术语5.1.1 熔化（熔炼） melting5.1.2 重熔 remelting5.1.3 炉料 charge5.1.4 熔化率 melting rate5.1.5 炉料计算 charge calculation5.1.6 双联熔炼 duplexing5.1.7 元素烧损（元素烧损率） melting losses of various chemical elements5.1.8 熔炼损耗（烧损） total melting loss 5.1.9还原气氛 reducing atmosphere5.1.10氧化气氛 oxidizing atmosphere5.1.11惰性气体 inert gas5.1.12碱度（碱性指数） index of basicity 5.1.13碱性渣 basic slag5.1.14酸性渣 acid slag5.1.15精炼 refining5.1.16遗传性 heredity5.2铸铁熔炼5.2.1 风口比 tuyere ratio5.2.2 有效高度 effective height5.2.3 送风强度 blast intensity5.2.4预热送风 hot blast5.2.5底焦 coke bed5.2.6层焦 coke split5.2.7隔焦（结力焦） buffer coke charge 5.2.8炉衬 furnace lining5.2.9碱性炉衬 basic lining5.2.10酸性炉衬 acid lining5.2.11棚料 bridging5.2.12熔池 bath5.2.13吸碳 carbon pick-up5.2.14铁焦比（焦比） iron-coke ratio5.2.15出渣 deslagging5.2.16打炉 cupola drop5.3铸钢5.3.1 氧化熔炼法 oxidizing melting 5.3.2 不氧化熔炼法 dead melting5.3.3 真空熔炼 vacuum refining5.3.4 电渣熔炼 electro-slag melting5.3.5 熔渣 slag5.3.6 沉渣 sludge5.3.7 浮渣 dross, cinder5.3.8 氧化期（沸腾期） oxidizing stage, boil5.3.9还原期 deoxidizing stage, blockingstage5.3.10还原渣 reducing slag5.3.11氧化渣 oxidizing slag5.3.12白渣 white slag5.3.13脱氧 deoxidation5.3.14扒渣 slagging- off5.3.15脱碳 decarburization5.3.16脱硫 desulphurization5.3.17脱磷 dephosphorization5.3.18增碳 recarburizing5.3.19脱氧剂 deoxidizer5.4非铁金属熔炼5.4.1 挥发损耗volatilizing losses5.4.2 静置 stewing, holding5.4.3 吹氮 nitrogen flushing5.5熔炼设备5.5.1 冲天炉 cupola5.5.2 水冷冲天炉 water-cooled cupola5.5.3热风冲天炉 hot-blast cupola5.5.4湿法除尘器 wet cap5.5.5炉缸 cupola well5.5.6前炉 forehearth5.5.7冲天炉加料机 cupola charging machine 5.5.8爬式加料机 skip hoist5.5.9电磁配铁称 electro-magnetic weighingbalancer5.5.10电磁盘 electromagnetic chuck5.5.11电弧炉（直接电弧炉） arc furnace,direct arc furnace5.5.12感应电炉 electric induction furnace 5.5.13电渣炉 electroslag furnace5.5.14电磁搅拌electromagnetic agitation5.5.15浇包 ladle5.5.16摇包 shaking ladle5.5.17底注包 bottom pouring ladle5.5.18保温炉holding furnace5.5.19坩埚炉crucible furnace5.6熔融金属处理5.6.1孕育 inoculation5.6.2多孔塞法 porous plug process5.6.3变质 modification5.6.4墨化剂 graphitizer5.6.5过热 superheating5.6.6石墨球化处理 nodularizing treatment ofgraphite5.6.7碳当量仪eutectometer5.6.8三角试块 wedge test-piece5.6.9真空除气vacuum degassing5.7浇注5.7.1浇注 pouring5.7.2保护气氛浇注 pouring under controlledatmosphere5.7.3浇注速度 pouring rate5.7.4浇注温度 pouring temperature5.7.5浇注时间 pouring time5.7.6浇注位置 pouring position5.7.7型内孕育 inmold inoculation5.7.8压铁 weight5.7.9捣冒口 churning, pumping5.7.10点冒口（补注） teeming5.7.11浸入式高温计 immersion pyremeter5.7.12补炉 patching5.7.13炉龄（炉衬寿命） campaign6工艺设计及工艺装备6.1工艺设计6.1.1 铸造工艺设计 mold design6.1.2 铸造工艺装备设计 foundry tools design 6.1.3 铸造工艺图 foundry molding drawing 6.1.4 铸件图（毛坯图） drawing of rough casting6.1.5起模斜度（拔模斜度） pattern draft6.1.6收缩余量shrinkage allowance6.1.7工艺补正量 molding allowance6.1.8加工余量 machining allowance6.1.9吃砂量 mold thickness6.1.10补贴 pad6.1.11分型负数 joint allowance6.1.12铸件尺寸公差 dimensional tolerance ofcasting6.1.13铸件重量公差 weight allowance ofcasting6.1.14铸件加工基准面 reference face formachining of casting6.1.15铸件表面粗糙度 surface roughness ofcasting6.2浇冒口系统6.2.1 浇注系统（浇口） gating system, running system6.2.2封闭式浇注系统 choked running system,pressurized gating system6.2.3半封闭式浇注系统 enlarged runnersystem 6.2.4开放式浇注系统 unchoked runningsystem, non-pressurized gating system 6.2.5浇口盆（外浇口） pouring basin6.2.6浇口杯 pouring cup6.2.7浇口塞 blanking-off plug6.2.8直浇道 sprue6.2.9直浇道窝 sprue base6.2.10横浇道 runner6.2.11筛网芯（滤网芯） strainer core6.2.12内浇道 ingate6.2.13离心集渣浇注系统 whirl gate, dirttrap system6.2.14顶注式浇注系统 top gating system6.2.15底注式浇注系统 bottom gating system 6.2.16阶梯式浇注系统 step gating system6.2.17雨淋浇口 shower gate6.2.18缝隙浇口 slot gate6.2.19压边浇口 lip runner, kiss runner6.2.20牛角式浇口 horn gate6.2.21热节 hot spot6.2.22冒口 riser, feeder heed6.2.23冒口效率 riser efficiency6.2.24明冒口 open riser6.2.25暗冒口 blind riser6.2.26侧冒口（边冒口） side riser6.2.27压力冒口 pressure riser6.2.28大气压力冒口 atmospheric riser6.2.29发气压力冒口（气弹冒口）gas-deliveredpressure riser6.2.30透气砂芯 pencil core6.2.31冒口颈 riser neck6.2.32冒口根 riser pad6.2.33保温冒口套 heat insulating feedersleeve6.2.34发热冒口套 exothermic feeder sleeve 6.2.35补缩距离 feeding distance, feedingzone6.2.36易割冒口 knock-off head6.2.37易割片（易割芯片） washburn core6.3模样6.3.1铸造工艺装备 foundry tools andequipment6.3.2模样（铸模，模） pattern6.3.3母模 master pattern6.3.4金属模 metal pattern6.3.5骨架模 skeleton pattern6.3.6石膏模 plaster pattern6.3.7塑料模 plastic pattern6.3.8整体模 one-piece pattern6.3.9分开模 parted pattern, split pattern6.3.10活块 loose piece6.3.11模板 pattern plate6.3.12模底板 pattern mounting plate6.3.13单面模板 single face pattern plate6.3.14双面模板 match plate6.3.15放样（伸图） hot dimensional drawing 6.3.16缩尺（模样工缩尺） shrinkage rule,pattern-maker’s rule6.4芯盒6.4.1 芯盒 core box6.4.2 脱落式芯盒 troughed core box6.4.3下芯量具 core setting scale6.4.4下芯夹具 core jig6.4.5烘芯板 core drying plate6.5砂箱6.5.1 砂箱 flask, molding box6.5.2 箱带（箱挡） flask bar, cross bar6.5.3 脱箱 snap flask6.5.4 套箱 mold jacket6.5.5套销 hollow pin, stub pin7造型及造芯7.1造型7.1.1造型 molding7.1.2型腔 mold cavity7.1.3铸型（型） mold7.1.4砂型 sand mold7.1.5上型（上箱） cope, top part7.1.6下型（下箱） drag, bottom part7.1.7手工造型 hand molding7.1.8机器造型 machine molding7.1.9自动化造型automatic molding7.1.10分型面 mold joint7.1.11有箱造型 flask molding7.1.12两箱造型 two-part molding7.1.13三箱造型 three-part molding7.1.14不平分型面 stepped joint7.1.15无箱造型 flaskless molding7.1.16脱箱造型 removable flask molding 7.1.17地坑造型 pit molding7.1.18刮板造型 sweep molding7.1.19抛砂造型 impeller ramming, sandslinging molding7.1.20组芯造型 core assembly molding7.1.21假箱造型 oddside molding7.1.22微震压实造型 vibratory squeezingmolding7.1.23高压造型 high pressure molding7.1.24湿砂型（湿型，潮型） green sand mold 7.1.25砂型烘干 mold drying7.1.26干砂型（干型）dry sand mold 7.1.27表面烘干型 skin dried mold7.1.28烂砂泥型 loam mold7.1.29砂床 bed7.1.30过渡角 transition angle7.1.31吊砂 cod7.1.32砂钩 lifter7.1.33负压造型（真空密封造型） vacuummolding7.1.34流态砂造型 fluid sand molding7.1.35漏模 pattern stripping7.1.36填砂 mold-filling7.1.37紧实（紧砂，舂砂） ramming7.1.38震实 jolt ramming7.1.39压实 squeezing ramming7.1.40紧实度 degree of ramming7.1.41二氧化碳法造型 CO2 process7.1.42自硬砂造型 self-hardening sandmolding7.1.43塞砂 tucking7.1.44刮砂 strike-off7.1.45造型生产线 molding line7.1.46刷水 swabbing7.1.47敲模 rapping7.1.48起模（拔模） stripping7.1.49扎出气孔 venting7.1.50排气道 venting channel7.1.51修型 patching7.1.52冷铁 densener, chill7.1.53外冷铁 surface densener7.1.54内冷铁 internal densener7.1.55验型（验箱） trial closing7.1.56合型（合箱，组型） mold assembling,closing7.2造芯7.2.1造芯（制芯） core making7.2.2芯（芯子） core7.2.3 芯骨 core rod, core scab7.2.4 油砂芯 oil sand core7.2.5 预制芯 embeded core, ram up core7.2.6 芯头 core print7.2.7芯座 core print7.2.8芯头斜度 core print taper7.2.9芯头间隙 core print clearance7.2.10壳芯 shell core7.2.11烘芯 core baking7.2.12通气蜡线 vent wax7.2.13冷芯盒法 cold box process7.2.14热芯盒法 hot box process7.2.15芯撑 chaplet7.3造型工具7.3.1 造型工具 hand tools of molding7.3.2 压勺 heart and spoon7.3.3 提沟 cleaner7.3.4 双头铜勺（秋叶） double ended radius sleeker7.3.5镘刀 trowel7.4造型及造芯设备7.4.1 造型机 molding machine7.4.2 压实造型机 squeezing molding machine7.4.3 震击台 bumper7.4.4 振动台 vibrating table7.4.5微震压实造型机 vibratory squeezer7.4.6震实造型机 jolt molding machine7.4.7高压造型机 high pressure moldingmachine7.4.8射压造型机 shooting and squeezingmolding machine7.4.9多触头造型机 equalizing pistonsqueezer7.4.10抛砂机 sand slinger7.4.11起模机 drawing machine7.4.12射砂机 core shooter7.4.13挤芯机 core extruder7.4.14铸型输送机 mold conveyor8铸件落砂及清理8.1落砂及清理8.1.1 落砂 shake-out, knock-out8.1.2 除芯 decoring8.1.3 噴砂清理 sand blasting8.1.4 抛丸清理 shot blasting8.1.5 水力清砂 hydraulic cleaning8.1.6 水砂清砂 hydraulic blast8.1.7清理 cleaning, fettling8.1.8清砂 cleaning8.1.9火焰表面清理 scarfing8.1.10清铲 chipping8.1.11化学清砂 chemical cleaning8.1.12精整 dressing and finishing8.1.13落砂机 knock-out machine8.1.14抛丸清理机 shot blast machine8.1.15清理滚筒 tumbling barrel8.1.16抛丸落砂清理设备 shot blast reclaimingequipment8.1.17悬挂式磨轮 swing frame grinder8.2修补及矫正8.2.1 矫正 coining, straightening8.2.2 焊补 repair welding8.2.3 渗补 impregnation9特种铸造9.1金属型铸造9.1.1 金属型铸造 permanent mold casting, gravity die casting9.1.2 金属型 metal mold9.1.3 金属芯 metal core9.1.4 覆砂金属型 sand-lined metal mold 9.1.5 排气塞 venting plug9.1.6 排气槽 air vent9.1.7 龟裂 heat checking9.1.8 金属型铸造机 gravity die casting machine9.2压力铸造9.2.1压力铸造（压铸） die casting, pressuredie casting9.2.2压铸型 die-casting die, die9.2.3动型 moving die, ejector die half9.2.4定型 fixed die, cover die half9.2.5合型力 clamping force , die lockingforce9.2.6压室 pressure chamber9.2.7鹅颈管 gooseneck9.2.8分流器 spreader, sprue spreader9.2.9顶杆 ejector pin9.2.10溢流槽 overflow well9.2.11压射冲头（压室） injection piston,plunger9.2.12压射比压 injection pressure9.2.13压射速度 injection speed9.2.14保压时间 dwell time9.2.15真空压铸 evacuated die casting,vacuum die casting9.2.16充氧压铸 pore-free die casting9.2.17双冲头压铸（精速密压铸）acurad(accurate?) die casting9.2.18压铸机 die casting machine9.2.19冷室压铸机 cold chamber die castingmachine9.2.20热室压铸机 hot chamber die castingmachine9.2.21镶铸法 insert process9.3离心铸造9.3.1离心铸造 true centrifugal casting9.3.2半离心铸造 semi-centrifugal casting9.3.3离心浇注 centrifugal pressure casting,centrifuge casting9.3.4双金属离心铸造 bimetal centrifugalcasting9.3.5离心铸造机 centrifugal casting machine 9.4熔模铸造9.4.1 失模铸造 lost pattern casting9.4.2熔模铸造（失蜡铸造） fusible patternmolding, lost-wax molding9.4.3压制熔模 fusible pattern injection9.4.4压型 pattern die9.4.5熔模 fusible pattern9.4.6盐模salt pattern9.4.7蜡模 wax-pattern9.4.8模组 pattern assembly9.4.9熔模涂料（浆料） slurry9.4.10面层涂料 investment precoat9.4.11撒砂 stuccoing9.4.12脱蜡 dewaxing9.4.13熔烧 sintering9.5壳型铸造9.5.1壳型铸造 shell molding9.5.2结壳时间 investing time9.5.3结壳温度 investing temperature9.5.4硬化温度 curing temperature9.5.5硬化时间 curing time9.6其它铸造方法9.6.1 陶瓷型铸造 ceramic molding9.6.2 陶瓷型浆料 ceramic slurry9.6.3灌浆 paste pouring9.6.4喷烧 torch firing9.6.5低压铸造 low-pressure die casting9.6.6充型压力 mold filling pressure9.6.7保压压力 dwell pressure9.6.8升液管 stalk9.6.9真空吸铸 suction casting9.6.10差压铸造（反压铸造） counter-pressurecasting9.6.11实型铸造 full mold process, cavitylesscasting9.6.12泡沫塑料模 styrofoam pattern9.6.13磁型铸造（磁丸铸造） magnetic shotmolding process9.6.14凝壳铸造 slush casting9.6.15石膏型铸造 plaster molding9.6.16连续铸造 continuous casting10 铸件质量及铸件缺陷10.1 铸件质量基本术语10.1.1铸件检验 inspection of casting10.1.2铸件质量分析 quality analysis ofcasting10.1.3铸件外观质量 visual quality of casting 10.1.4铸件内在质量 internal quality ofcasting10.1.5铸件使用性能 service ability of casting 10.1.6单铸试块 separated test bar of casting 10.1.7附铸试块 test lug 10.1.8缺陷铸件 defective casting10.1.9废品 reject10.1.10无损检验（无损探伤） nondestructiveinspection10.1.11破坏性试验 destructive testing10.2多肉类缺陷10.2.1飞翅（飞边） joint flash10.2.2毛刺 veining10.2.3抬型（抬箱） cope raise , raised mold 10.2.4胀箱 swell10.2.5冲砂 erosion, cut, wash10.2.6掉砂 drop, crush10.2.7外渗物（外渗豆） sweat10.3孔洞类缺陷10.3.1 气孔 blow hole10.3.2 针孔 pinhole10.3.3 缩孔 shrinkage10.3.4缩松 dispersed shrinkage10.3.5疏松（显微缩松） porositymicroshrinkage10.4裂纹、冷隔类缺陷10.4.1冷裂 cold cracking10.4.2热裂 hot tearing10.4.3热处理裂纹 heat treatment crack10.4.4白点（发裂） flake10.4.5冷隔 cold shut, cold lap10.4.6浇注断流 interrupted pour10.5表面缺陷10.5.1 鼠尾 rat-tail10.5.2 沟漕 buckle10.5.3 夹砂结疤（夹砂） scab10.5.4机械粘砂（渗透粘砂） metal penetration 10.5.5化学粘砂（烧结粘砂）burn-on10.5.6表面粗糙 rough surface10.5.7皱皮 elephant skin10.5.8缩陷 depression10.6残缺类缺陷10.6.1 浇不到 misrun10.6.2 未浇满 poured short10.6.3 跑火 run-out, bleeding10.6.4 型漏（漏箱）run-out, bleeding10.6.5损伤（机械损伤）damage10.7形状及重量差错类缺陷10.7.1 拉长 exaggeration of dimension10.7.2 超重 over-weight10.7.3 变形 distortion, warping10.7.4 错型（错箱） shift10.7.5 错芯 core shift10.7.6 偏芯（漂芯） core raised, corelift 10.8夹杂类缺陷10.8.1 夹杂物 inclusion10.8.2 冷豆 cold shot10.8.3 内渗物（内渗豆） internal sweat 10.8.4 渣气孔 scum, slag-blow hole10.8.5 砂眼 sand inclusion10.9性能、成分、组织不合格10.9.1 亮皮 pearlite layer10.9.2 菜花头 cauli-flowering10.9.3 石墨飘浮 carbon floatation10.9.4 石墨集结 kish graphite spot10.9.5 组织粗大 open grain structure10.9.6 偏析 segregation10.9.7 硬点 hard spot10.9.8 反白口 inverse chill10.9.9 球化不良 under-nodularizing10.9.10 球化衰退 degradated spheroidisation 10.9.11 脱碳 decarburization盛年不重来，一日难再晨。