非谓语动词讲解及练习
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独立主格结构,是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构。在该结构中,名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系,用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。在句中作状语,表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随,方式或结果”等含义。其位置比较灵活,放于句首句末均可。
5.名词(代词)+介词短语
Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in,sword in hand.(表方式)
6.名词(代词)+副词短语
Summer over,the students returned to school.(表原因)
7.名词(代词)+名词短语
A.to be featuredB.featuredC.being featuredD.to feature
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:我很兴奋我的水下照片出现在《国家地理》杂志里和封面上。have sth done使某事被做,这是个固定用法。故选B。
17.---_________ makes your son feel blue today?
非谓语动词讲解及练习
一、单项选择非谓语动词
1.In response to the citizens’ concern, the government claimed ______ measures to attend to the increasingly serious smog in the past two months.
A.finishedB.finishing
C.having finishedD.was finished
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意John接到一张宴会的邀请,他的工作已经完成,他高兴地接受了。这里含有with复合结构,动作finish与his work之间是被动关系,故用过去分词,选A。
考点:考查with复合结构,X,K]
A.recognizingB.being recognizedC.to be recognizedD.recognized
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查with复合结构。句意:中国的形象正在稳步提升,更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故选A。
2.115.______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day.
A.Expressing B.Expressed C.To express D.Having expressed
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:为了表达他的爱,克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的,故选C。
7.Volunteering gives you a chance _______ lives, including your own.
A.changeB.changing
C.changedD.to change
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会,包括你自己的生活。名词chance后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语。故选D。
C.Cleaned D.Clean
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:整个下午打扫了教室之后,班长决定休息一下。句中clean的动作比decided早,故用完成时;the monitor和clean是主动关系,此处作状语用动词-ing形式,故此处用动词-ing形式的完成时,故选A。
10.that it was going to rain, James took a raincoat with him.
13.When ___________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A.askingB.asked
C.having askedD.to be asked
【名师点睛】这是考查非谓语动词做定语的用法,句中关键词next year说明动作是将要发生。而The airport和complete是被动关系,用不定式的被动做定语。
4.China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ its role in international affairs.
1.名词(代词)+现在分词
The clock striking twelve, I went to bed.(表原因)
2.名词(代词)+过去分词
He lay there on his back,his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast.(表伴随)
3.The airport ________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
A.being completedB.to be completed
C.completedD.having been completed
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词。此处to be completed表将来、被动。句意:将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。
5.More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ people’sconcern over food safety.
A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D.having raised
3.名词(代词)+不定式
Here are the first three volumes,the fourth one to come out next month.(表伴随)
4.名词(代词)+形容词短语
Her face pale with anger, she rose to go away.(表原因)
A.once gained B.when to gain
C.after gaining D.while gaining
解析:A。考查省略句。once gained =" once" it is gained。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。
14.Hours of playing violent video games can affect the way the brain works, ______ damage to certain cells of brain.
A.to causeB.causeC.causingD.caused
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词。causing现在分词作结果状语。句意:连续几个小时打暴力的电子游戏会影响大脑的工作方式,危害大脑细胞并减慢大脑的活动。故C正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词
15.Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank.
【答案】A
【解析】略
6.(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ with his students.
A.to spendB.spend
C.spendingD.spent
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:Jim已经退休了,但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语,空格只能填非谓语动词,逻辑主语是time,和spend之间是被动关系,故用过去分词spent。故选D项。
A.Seeing B.Saw
C.Seen D.To see
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:看到即将下雨,James随身带着雨衣。分析句子可知,“see that it was going to rain”作状语,see与主语James是主动关系,用现在分词表示主动关系。故选A。
11.In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American womanthe Nobel Prize for Literature.
A.winning B.win
C.won D.to win
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1938年,赛珍珠成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。中心词由序数词修饰,用不定式作后置定语,故选D。
12.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______,he gladly accepted it.
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when引导的省略句,完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a teacher,这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语动词有be时,这时从句的主语与be同时省略,故选B。
His first shot a failure,Tom fired again.(表原因)
9._______ the classroom for a whole afternoon, the monitor decided to have a rest.
A.Having cleaned B.To clean
A.taking B.to take
C.having taken D.to have taken
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定结构。句意:为了回应市民的担忧,政府声称在过去的两个月里已经采取措施来应对日益严重的雾霾。claim to do声称,该用法是固定用法,“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”用现在完成时,故选D。
8.127.Everything ______ into due consideration, she eventually decided to further her education at home.
A.having taken B.to be taken C.being taken D.taken
【答案】D
【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意:考虑到一切,她最终决定继续在家接受教育。因为本题逗号前后没有连词,所以逗号前面不能是句子。故使用独立主格结构。因为everything与take into consideration构成被动关系,故使用过去分词的形式。故D正确。
【名师点睛】独立主格结构可以与状语从句互换。本句="After" everything was taken into consideration.
考点:考查省略的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要,英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象,称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目,需要考生仔细分析句子结构,来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。
即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship,______ is more true than any other.
A.to useB.usedC.usingD.use
【答案】B
【解析】
本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构,所填成分是对主句的补充说明,因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则,判断出use与主语time之间为被动,因此直接得出答案B。句意:时间,如果使用得当的话,就是存在银行里的钱。
16.I am so thrilled to have my underwater photos ______ in the National Geographic and on the cover!
5.名词(代词)+介词短语
Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in,sword in hand.(表方式)
6.名词(代词)+副词短语
Summer over,the students returned to school.(表原因)
7.名词(代词)+名词短语
A.to be featuredB.featuredC.being featuredD.to feature
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:我很兴奋我的水下照片出现在《国家地理》杂志里和封面上。have sth done使某事被做,这是个固定用法。故选B。
17.---_________ makes your son feel blue today?
非谓语动词讲解及练习
一、单项选择非谓语动词
1.In response to the citizens’ concern, the government claimed ______ measures to attend to the increasingly serious smog in the past two months.
A.finishedB.finishing
C.having finishedD.was finished
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意John接到一张宴会的邀请,他的工作已经完成,他高兴地接受了。这里含有with复合结构,动作finish与his work之间是被动关系,故用过去分词,选A。
考点:考查with复合结构,X,K]
A.recognizingB.being recognizedC.to be recognizedD.recognized
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查with复合结构。句意:中国的形象正在稳步提升,更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故选A。
2.115.______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day.
A.Expressing B.Expressed C.To express D.Having expressed
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:为了表达他的爱,克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的,故选C。
7.Volunteering gives you a chance _______ lives, including your own.
A.changeB.changing
C.changedD.to change
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会,包括你自己的生活。名词chance后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语。故选D。
C.Cleaned D.Clean
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:整个下午打扫了教室之后,班长决定休息一下。句中clean的动作比decided早,故用完成时;the monitor和clean是主动关系,此处作状语用动词-ing形式,故此处用动词-ing形式的完成时,故选A。
10.that it was going to rain, James took a raincoat with him.
13.When ___________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A.askingB.asked
C.having askedD.to be asked
【名师点睛】这是考查非谓语动词做定语的用法,句中关键词next year说明动作是将要发生。而The airport和complete是被动关系,用不定式的被动做定语。
4.China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ its role in international affairs.
1.名词(代词)+现在分词
The clock striking twelve, I went to bed.(表原因)
2.名词(代词)+过去分词
He lay there on his back,his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast.(表伴随)
3.The airport ________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
A.being completedB.to be completed
C.completedD.having been completed
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词。此处to be completed表将来、被动。句意:将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。
5.More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ people’sconcern over food safety.
A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D.having raised
3.名词(代词)+不定式
Here are the first three volumes,the fourth one to come out next month.(表伴随)
4.名词(代词)+形容词短语
Her face pale with anger, she rose to go away.(表原因)
A.once gained B.when to gain
C.after gaining D.while gaining
解析:A。考查省略句。once gained =" once" it is gained。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。
14.Hours of playing violent video games can affect the way the brain works, ______ damage to certain cells of brain.
A.to causeB.causeC.causingD.caused
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词。causing现在分词作结果状语。句意:连续几个小时打暴力的电子游戏会影响大脑的工作方式,危害大脑细胞并减慢大脑的活动。故C正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词
15.Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank.
【答案】A
【解析】略
6.(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ with his students.
A.to spendB.spend
C.spendingD.spent
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:Jim已经退休了,但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语,空格只能填非谓语动词,逻辑主语是time,和spend之间是被动关系,故用过去分词spent。故选D项。
A.Seeing B.Saw
C.Seen D.To see
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:看到即将下雨,James随身带着雨衣。分析句子可知,“see that it was going to rain”作状语,see与主语James是主动关系,用现在分词表示主动关系。故选A。
11.In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American womanthe Nobel Prize for Literature.
A.winning B.win
C.won D.to win
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1938年,赛珍珠成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。中心词由序数词修饰,用不定式作后置定语,故选D。
12.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______,he gladly accepted it.
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when引导的省略句,完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a teacher,这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语动词有be时,这时从句的主语与be同时省略,故选B。
His first shot a failure,Tom fired again.(表原因)
9._______ the classroom for a whole afternoon, the monitor decided to have a rest.
A.Having cleaned B.To clean
A.taking B.to take
C.having taken D.to have taken
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定结构。句意:为了回应市民的担忧,政府声称在过去的两个月里已经采取措施来应对日益严重的雾霾。claim to do声称,该用法是固定用法,“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”用现在完成时,故选D。
8.127.Everything ______ into due consideration, she eventually decided to further her education at home.
A.having taken B.to be taken C.being taken D.taken
【答案】D
【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意:考虑到一切,她最终决定继续在家接受教育。因为本题逗号前后没有连词,所以逗号前面不能是句子。故使用独立主格结构。因为everything与take into consideration构成被动关系,故使用过去分词的形式。故D正确。
【名师点睛】独立主格结构可以与状语从句互换。本句="After" everything was taken into consideration.
考点:考查省略的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要,英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象,称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目,需要考生仔细分析句子结构,来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。
即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship,______ is more true than any other.
A.to useB.usedC.usingD.use
【答案】B
【解析】
本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构,所填成分是对主句的补充说明,因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则,判断出use与主语time之间为被动,因此直接得出答案B。句意:时间,如果使用得当的话,就是存在银行里的钱。
16.I am so thrilled to have my underwater photos ______ in the National Geographic and on the cover!