大学英语六级考试阅读(新东方何谐老师讲义)
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
隐含的词
1.导致:Cause, lead to, result in, give rise to, render, produce, make, let, ask, support, spur, spark,stimulate, fuel, push, motivate, prompt, be responsible for,in spore
消解主干隔离的方法:
句子开头第一个独立名词为句子主语,应该与和其匹配的动词在一起,中间部分跳过
独立名词:前面没有介词或关系词
E.g. ThatKevinis a good man is a truth.因为Kevin前有that的存在,故不是句子的主语,主语是that引导的定语从句。
In the classroom,Kevinis lonely
并列连词有时候可被省略。
虚拟语气
分类:
1.含有虚拟语气条件句
现在
未来
过去
条件从句
Did \were
Did \were\were to\ should
Had done
主句
Would、should、could do
Would、should、could do
Would、could、might had done
More than对肯定的强调
e.g. The internet is more than a form ofprovidingvivid up-to date andconcreteinformation, but aninstructivemode of entertainment as well/
※否定的前后缀
2.否定的作用对象:
比较
重点比较的对象,比较的内容,比较的结果,以及关注比较是否存在。多数时候优先不成为答案的出处。
强调句
It is what happens after games that matters
格式:It is/ was(时态)+被强调的对象(除动词外所有成分)+that/ who(人that、who,物that)+句子其他成分(正常语序)
结构:原因+()+结果
E.g. His hard work () his success.
2.来自于,源自于:derive/ lone/ result/coregent/initiate/stem/ spring/ emanate from
Beattributableto, beresponsiveto, grow out of
可拆分为:Theyboth falling into river off the bridge.
※处理定语从句时,多用拆分的方法,拆分时在介词或关联词处
主干隔离:
※主干:主+谓、主+谓+宾、主+谓+宾+宾、主+谓+宾+宾补、主+系+表
主干隔离:主语和谓语之间以及谓语与宾语之间加入东西,所形成的语法现象
原文分为:passage ,paragraph ,sentence ,word四个部分
题干:在阅读中充当路标的作用
选项分为:正确选项与错误选项。其中,错误选项又可分为干扰选项与SB选项
杯弓蛇影——偷梁换柱、移花接木、以偏概全——消减方法:
将选项中的概念及其最大的概念组合,与原文一一对应。
解释:分析选项的主谓宾,或找选项中的动作,找出发出动作的主体与作用的对象。然后回到原文中一一对应,千万不要关注文章中与选项中出现的一两个一样的单词,避免出现连连看的错误。不要过多注意sentence,而要注意thesensethat the sentence make。
2.remove与extranet在某些语境中介可表示“提取”
3.mobiel phone与terminal在某些语境中介可表示“终端机”
2.词性活用
e.g. 1.A profit. A赚钱了。此处profit名词做动词用,译作“赚钱”
2.prower,名词作动词用,表示“给……充电”,如:ApowersB. A给B充电。
谓宾、系表隔离:在谓语和宾语之间、系动词和表语之间加入状语注意跳读
如:动词+介词+名词1+名词2,此时(介词+名词1)做状语
系动词+to+名词+形容词,此时,(to+名词)作状语
并列结构
分类:
句中并列:并列连词连接前后功能、性质用法完全一致的成分
句间并列:并列连词连接前后意义相近或相反的句子
并列连词:and, or, but
Sentence考点:
七种句子结构:主干隔离、并列句、定语从句、非谓语动词和独立主格、强调和倒装、虚拟语气、同位语和插入语
定语从句
作用:
1.修饰和限定名词,多由分词和非谓语动词替代。
e.g. The method developed for the oil and gas industry.
2.连接两个具有共同名词的句子
2.任何的从句即重要性、必要性、命令、建议等含义的词汇所接的词汇,都应该用虚拟语气进行。格式为:should+动词原形
e.g. It’s imperative that lows and regulations (should) be introduced and forced to track this problem.
The Aand the B are fighting on the bridge, both falling into river of the bridge.
3.should have done, could have done,表达本该做什么而没有做什么
※条件从句中,if可被省略,长助动词had、were可被提前到句首以加强语气
e.g. If there were noreform and opening-up policy(改革开放政策),we would never taste KFC or McDonald’s .
Rely on, depend on, resort of, count on
结构:()+原因+结果/结果+()+原因
5.条件关系词:if ,when ,while ,once ,as ,as soon as ,as long as
结构:()+原因+结果/结果+()+原因
6.分词短语、不定式、独立主格作状语,定语从句表示原因.具体应用方法视语句环境而定。
虚拟语气写作经典句型
Itis imperative that the essence (should) be absorbed and the drawback (should) beneglectedwith a proper appreciation of historical andculturalperspectives. Duringthisprocess, especially in the time of knowledge explosion, when facts news, opinions, evenrumorsare bombarding us from every corner of the world.
were there no……
Were there noProject Hope(希望工程) (sth.), never (never被提前了) wouldthosechildren(sb.)taste (do)preciousknowledge(sth.).——对正面话题起强调作用
Were there no culturediversity;neverwouldwe taste the wonder of thewesternculture.——用于作文第二段结尾句,或第三段开头
e.g.Working with Sky, I can solve a lot of problem.
做题时先确定因果的存在,再分析哪个是因,那个是果
表示否定的方法
1.表示否定的手段:no, not, none, never, nor, neither, deny, nobody, nothing,
倒装句
动词相对位置发生改变
分类:部分倒装与完全倒装
1)部分倒装:
1.定义:系动词,情态动词,助动词置于主语前
2.处理:还原情态动词、系动词,删除助动词,因为助动词多是为了满足倒装而加入的,只有比较句中不删除
E.g. Not only do I love this book.还原为:I love not only this book.(删除了助动词do)
NOTE: 从后往前寻找并列成分。例:The ship is able tomatinsstandingpositionand dill。看到and之后看到dill,做一向前找动词,即为matin,所以是dill与matian对应
并列连词表示并列的终结。例:A and B, C and D.是AB与C、D并列(AB形成整体,与C、D并列,and表示并列的终结)。若要AB,CD相并列,应为A and B coupled with C and D.
2)完全倒装:
1.定义():谓语动词前后成分完全倒置。主系表倒装为表系主。
2.识别:形容词性的词和介词短语位于句首,后面紧跟系动词(方位形容词)。形容词性的词包含形容词,形容词短语(形容词+介词+名词),现在分词短语,过去分词短语,of+名词。
3.处理:还原
E.g. Basic to any understanding ofChinais it’s lager popular.
结构:结果+()+原因
3.反映,体现:reflect, present, demonstrate, shoe, suggest, illustrate
结构:结果+()+原因
4.依靠于,考虑到:given, on account of, in view of, thanks to, in light of, in terms of
Paragraph考点:句与句之间的关系
六大考点:段落首末句、转折、因果、比较、距离、否定
表示因果的方法
明显的词:because ,because of ,since ,for ,as ,due to ,owing to ,in that
So ,so that ,therefore ,thus ,hence ,as a result ,consequently,accordingly
e.g. I have three books of which the red is myfavorite.
3.表示因果关系
e.g. The A and the B is fighting on the bridgeof which they bothBaidu Nhomakorabeafalling into the river.
Basic to A is B.B是A的基础
4.作用: 强调, 平衡句子结构
非谓语动词
做定语:修饰名词,代替定语从句
做状语:连接两个具有共同主语的句子(表原因、结果等)
e.g. The A and the B are fighting on the bridge. They both fall into river of the bridge.
fail to, absent from, lack of, refuse to, little, few, blank, without, hinder, delay, block, hardly, seldom, scarcely
※No country = Few countries
※双重否定表示肯定
e.g.:It is clear that he is smart.形式主语。不可以换回去
It is clearly that he is smart.强调句。可以恢复
Far from being= not,用于否定强调
e.g. Theinternetisfar from being an instructive mode of entertainment.
阅读做题方法:
1.阅读题干,合理推测文章大意
2.重点阅读第一题,回原文重点阅读首段,定位第一题
3.依次定位各题目,根据不同类型进入各题型解题方式
文章体裁与题材
体裁:议论,说明,记叙
题材:商业经济,文化教育,社会伦理,科学普及
Word考点:
1.一词多意——词汇同义替换
e.g. 1.late与fallen在某些语境中介可表示“已故的”
1.导致:Cause, lead to, result in, give rise to, render, produce, make, let, ask, support, spur, spark,stimulate, fuel, push, motivate, prompt, be responsible for,in spore
消解主干隔离的方法:
句子开头第一个独立名词为句子主语,应该与和其匹配的动词在一起,中间部分跳过
独立名词:前面没有介词或关系词
E.g. ThatKevinis a good man is a truth.因为Kevin前有that的存在,故不是句子的主语,主语是that引导的定语从句。
In the classroom,Kevinis lonely
并列连词有时候可被省略。
虚拟语气
分类:
1.含有虚拟语气条件句
现在
未来
过去
条件从句
Did \were
Did \were\were to\ should
Had done
主句
Would、should、could do
Would、should、could do
Would、could、might had done
More than对肯定的强调
e.g. The internet is more than a form ofprovidingvivid up-to date andconcreteinformation, but aninstructivemode of entertainment as well/
※否定的前后缀
2.否定的作用对象:
比较
重点比较的对象,比较的内容,比较的结果,以及关注比较是否存在。多数时候优先不成为答案的出处。
强调句
It is what happens after games that matters
格式:It is/ was(时态)+被强调的对象(除动词外所有成分)+that/ who(人that、who,物that)+句子其他成分(正常语序)
结构:原因+()+结果
E.g. His hard work () his success.
2.来自于,源自于:derive/ lone/ result/coregent/initiate/stem/ spring/ emanate from
Beattributableto, beresponsiveto, grow out of
可拆分为:Theyboth falling into river off the bridge.
※处理定语从句时,多用拆分的方法,拆分时在介词或关联词处
主干隔离:
※主干:主+谓、主+谓+宾、主+谓+宾+宾、主+谓+宾+宾补、主+系+表
主干隔离:主语和谓语之间以及谓语与宾语之间加入东西,所形成的语法现象
原文分为:passage ,paragraph ,sentence ,word四个部分
题干:在阅读中充当路标的作用
选项分为:正确选项与错误选项。其中,错误选项又可分为干扰选项与SB选项
杯弓蛇影——偷梁换柱、移花接木、以偏概全——消减方法:
将选项中的概念及其最大的概念组合,与原文一一对应。
解释:分析选项的主谓宾,或找选项中的动作,找出发出动作的主体与作用的对象。然后回到原文中一一对应,千万不要关注文章中与选项中出现的一两个一样的单词,避免出现连连看的错误。不要过多注意sentence,而要注意thesensethat the sentence make。
2.remove与extranet在某些语境中介可表示“提取”
3.mobiel phone与terminal在某些语境中介可表示“终端机”
2.词性活用
e.g. 1.A profit. A赚钱了。此处profit名词做动词用,译作“赚钱”
2.prower,名词作动词用,表示“给……充电”,如:ApowersB. A给B充电。
谓宾、系表隔离:在谓语和宾语之间、系动词和表语之间加入状语注意跳读
如:动词+介词+名词1+名词2,此时(介词+名词1)做状语
系动词+to+名词+形容词,此时,(to+名词)作状语
并列结构
分类:
句中并列:并列连词连接前后功能、性质用法完全一致的成分
句间并列:并列连词连接前后意义相近或相反的句子
并列连词:and, or, but
Sentence考点:
七种句子结构:主干隔离、并列句、定语从句、非谓语动词和独立主格、强调和倒装、虚拟语气、同位语和插入语
定语从句
作用:
1.修饰和限定名词,多由分词和非谓语动词替代。
e.g. The method developed for the oil and gas industry.
2.连接两个具有共同名词的句子
2.任何的从句即重要性、必要性、命令、建议等含义的词汇所接的词汇,都应该用虚拟语气进行。格式为:should+动词原形
e.g. It’s imperative that lows and regulations (should) be introduced and forced to track this problem.
The Aand the B are fighting on the bridge, both falling into river of the bridge.
3.should have done, could have done,表达本该做什么而没有做什么
※条件从句中,if可被省略,长助动词had、were可被提前到句首以加强语气
e.g. If there were noreform and opening-up policy(改革开放政策),we would never taste KFC or McDonald’s .
Rely on, depend on, resort of, count on
结构:()+原因+结果/结果+()+原因
5.条件关系词:if ,when ,while ,once ,as ,as soon as ,as long as
结构:()+原因+结果/结果+()+原因
6.分词短语、不定式、独立主格作状语,定语从句表示原因.具体应用方法视语句环境而定。
虚拟语气写作经典句型
Itis imperative that the essence (should) be absorbed and the drawback (should) beneglectedwith a proper appreciation of historical andculturalperspectives. Duringthisprocess, especially in the time of knowledge explosion, when facts news, opinions, evenrumorsare bombarding us from every corner of the world.
were there no……
Were there noProject Hope(希望工程) (sth.), never (never被提前了) wouldthosechildren(sb.)taste (do)preciousknowledge(sth.).——对正面话题起强调作用
Were there no culturediversity;neverwouldwe taste the wonder of thewesternculture.——用于作文第二段结尾句,或第三段开头
e.g.Working with Sky, I can solve a lot of problem.
做题时先确定因果的存在,再分析哪个是因,那个是果
表示否定的方法
1.表示否定的手段:no, not, none, never, nor, neither, deny, nobody, nothing,
倒装句
动词相对位置发生改变
分类:部分倒装与完全倒装
1)部分倒装:
1.定义:系动词,情态动词,助动词置于主语前
2.处理:还原情态动词、系动词,删除助动词,因为助动词多是为了满足倒装而加入的,只有比较句中不删除
E.g. Not only do I love this book.还原为:I love not only this book.(删除了助动词do)
NOTE: 从后往前寻找并列成分。例:The ship is able tomatinsstandingpositionand dill。看到and之后看到dill,做一向前找动词,即为matin,所以是dill与matian对应
并列连词表示并列的终结。例:A and B, C and D.是AB与C、D并列(AB形成整体,与C、D并列,and表示并列的终结)。若要AB,CD相并列,应为A and B coupled with C and D.
2)完全倒装:
1.定义():谓语动词前后成分完全倒置。主系表倒装为表系主。
2.识别:形容词性的词和介词短语位于句首,后面紧跟系动词(方位形容词)。形容词性的词包含形容词,形容词短语(形容词+介词+名词),现在分词短语,过去分词短语,of+名词。
3.处理:还原
E.g. Basic to any understanding ofChinais it’s lager popular.
结构:结果+()+原因
3.反映,体现:reflect, present, demonstrate, shoe, suggest, illustrate
结构:结果+()+原因
4.依靠于,考虑到:given, on account of, in view of, thanks to, in light of, in terms of
Paragraph考点:句与句之间的关系
六大考点:段落首末句、转折、因果、比较、距离、否定
表示因果的方法
明显的词:because ,because of ,since ,for ,as ,due to ,owing to ,in that
So ,so that ,therefore ,thus ,hence ,as a result ,consequently,accordingly
e.g. I have three books of which the red is myfavorite.
3.表示因果关系
e.g. The A and the B is fighting on the bridgeof which they bothBaidu Nhomakorabeafalling into the river.
Basic to A is B.B是A的基础
4.作用: 强调, 平衡句子结构
非谓语动词
做定语:修饰名词,代替定语从句
做状语:连接两个具有共同主语的句子(表原因、结果等)
e.g. The A and the B are fighting on the bridge. They both fall into river of the bridge.
fail to, absent from, lack of, refuse to, little, few, blank, without, hinder, delay, block, hardly, seldom, scarcely
※No country = Few countries
※双重否定表示肯定
e.g.:It is clear that he is smart.形式主语。不可以换回去
It is clearly that he is smart.强调句。可以恢复
Far from being= not,用于否定强调
e.g. Theinternetisfar from being an instructive mode of entertainment.
阅读做题方法:
1.阅读题干,合理推测文章大意
2.重点阅读第一题,回原文重点阅读首段,定位第一题
3.依次定位各题目,根据不同类型进入各题型解题方式
文章体裁与题材
体裁:议论,说明,记叙
题材:商业经济,文化教育,社会伦理,科学普及
Word考点:
1.一词多意——词汇同义替换
e.g. 1.late与fallen在某些语境中介可表示“已故的”