大学体验英语4答案(第三版)

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Lead-in: 1. hold 2. supposed 3. absent-minded 4. dependable 5. responsible 6. boring 7. engineers are assumed to have a good profession8. as people don’t know the importance of engineers in society

2: 1. What's the main idea of this passage? Answer: Working fathers have received little media attention in the US and they have been given little cultural recognition, which is a kind of prejudice against those working dads. 2. What's the author ' s attitude toward working dads? Answer: She thinks that working fathers are unsung heroes. They deserve our recognition and our thanks for what they do. 3. What evidence does the author use to illustrate that the importance of fathers is being diminished by American media? Answer: 1) The absence of the father in the movie Toy Story. 2) A lot of media stories about the struggles of working mothers. 3) The negative image of fathers in the media (abusive husbands or deadbeat dads). 4) At-home dads are praised by the media. 5) Our society acts as if career satisfaction is above everything else for a man. 6) At-home wives are regarded as “status symbols” by American media. 4. Do you agree with the author in saying that“the absence of fathers from households causes serious problems for children and, consequently, for society at large?” Can you list some of the problems? Answer: open 5. What's the author's purpose in writing this article? Answer: To appeal to society to recognize the value of working fathers.

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4: Answer: 1. media 2. images 3. abusive 4. fulfilling 5. recognition 6. status 7. stresses 8. aware 9. Deserve

5: Answer: 1. obligation 2. applauded 3. fulfilled 4. mirror 5. flexibility 6. devalue7. striving8. entailed9. supposedly10. Consequently

6: Answer: 1. referred to as 2. at best 3. by the same token 4. at large 5. held up ... as

7: Answer: 1. suffer stress 2. support a family 3. take on a burden / responsibility 4. fullfill responsibility / a commitment 5. deserve support / recognition / attention / appreciation

6. afford luxury

7. merit attention / recognition / appreciation

8. make a commitment

9. give recognition / support 10 . show appreciation / recognition

8: 1. 随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。(take on) Answer: With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities. 2. 他感到没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了。(make a commitment) Answer: He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more. 3. 闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露茜却喜欢待在家里看书。(as opposed to) Answer: Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading. 4. 说得好听一些，可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心(conscience) 且没有资格的权力追求者。(at best, at worst) Answer: At best he 's ambitious, and at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications. 5. 我们已尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。(strive, make no headway) Answer: We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway.

11: Men Are Different from Women in Many Ways Traditionally, men and women were seen as opposite poles of a magnet. Men were strong, women were weak; men were the breadwinners, women were the homemakers; men were rational, women were emotional. In accordance with these beliefs, men fi lled the leadership positions in society, as well as the majority of positions that required courage, clear-thinking and intellect. Women took on the nurturing, caring or supportive jobs such as nurse, teacher, assistant. However, modern society has greatly challenged these perceived differences between men and women. These days gender roles are becoming less clear. Women are moving into the male-dominated occupations and proving that they can be equally successful in these fields. Moreover, some men are taking on the homemaker role and finding that it suits them. In some cultures, for example the Naxi culture of southwestern China, women have always been the head of the household and responsible for both work and finance. So, are men and women really all that different? From the changing perspectives toward this question, it would seem that socialization plays a large role in defining masculinity and femininity in any given time period and in any given culture. In other words, perhaps men and women are not that different after all.

13: Answer: 1. redefined 2. sphere 3. accomplishment 4. opposite 5. playmates 6. emotionally7. equality8. initiative9. status10. Change

14: Answer: 1. equality 2. sustained 3. clue 4. expansiveness 5. sacked 6. defined7. sphere8. sour9. depressing10. Division

15: Answer: 1. in the way 2. falling apart 3. have ruled out 4. at this rate 5. took up

16: Answer: Synonyms Antonyms 1. intellectual; intelligent; bright 1. active; passive 2. feeling; emotion 2. public; private 3. feed; nurture 3. physical; emotional 4. sack; fire; dump 4. expansive; narrow 5. secretly; quietly 5. traditional; modern 6. sick; ill 6. failure; success 7. weak; strong 17: Answer: 越来越多的证据显示男人和女人的想法不同，这似乎适用于偏见这种令人遗憾的情况。密歇根州立大学进化心理学家新的研究显示，男人的偏见倾向于与侵略行为有关，而女人的偏见则倾向于与恐惧有关。这些研究者提出了一种“男人皆武士的假设”，以便解释群体冲突的历史是如何以独特的方式塑造男人和女人的心理世界的。本质上，男人更有可能发动战争，以保卫他们的群体，有时他们会以一种非常冒险的和自我牺牲的方式来这样做。攻击其他群体意味着有机会补偿这些损失，并且可以有机会得到配偶、领土、资源和地位的提升。与此同时，女人生活在外来侵略者性胁迫的威胁下，对自己的同伙往往容易表现出“照顾和结友”的反应，而保持一种对陌生人的恐惧以保护她们自己和后代。