高考英语阅读中常用小品词构成的动词短语

高考英语阅读中常用小品词构成的动词短语在高考英语中，有动词和小品词（up, down, in, out, on, off, over, away）常构成动词短语，有时很难记住、理解它们的意义、运用难度大，本文收集了高考中常见的动词短语, 并且通过分析小品词的意义，对这一类的短语进行分类、归纳，发现它们的规律，以便考生能更好地掌握它们, 注意有些短语意义很接近，这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的意义。

1.down

1) 向下的位置

cast down 扔下cut down砍倒get down 下来hand down 传下来knock down 撞倒lay down 放下let down 放下pour down 倾盆而下pull down 拉下set down 放下sit down 坐下step down 走下来throw down 扔下turn down 拆下take down 取下blow down 吹倒bring down 打倒sink down 沉落slip down 失足swallow down 吞下touch down 降落bend down 弯下kneel down 跪下lie down 躺下strip down 脱下

2) 减少

die down 变弱，逐渐停止go down 平静下来mark down 削减hold down 压低burn down (火)减弱, 烧坏slow down 慢下来burn down 烧掉bring down 降低keep down 缩减

3) 停止，减弱

close down 关闭drop down 突然停止break down 坏了，中止run down 停止settle down 平静下来cool down 冷静下来turn down 拒绝die down 停止lay down 失望put down 镇压

4) 紧紧地，牢牢地

fasten down 系牢chain down 链住，栓住hammer down 钉上tie down 栓住

5) 写下，记下(on paper or in writing)

write down 写下copy down 抄下note down 记下take down 记下put down 记下get down 记下

2.in

1) 进入，向里

beat in 打进break in 闯入,插嘴breathe in 吸入burst in 闯入，打断drop in 偶然拜访fall in 跌入get in 插入，收进knock in 打入lead in 导入let in 进入，嵌入move in 迁入step in 走进settle in 迁入smuggle in 偷偷运进cut in 插嘴call in 来访involve in 卷入

2) 包围，关闭

close in 包围，封闭lock in 禁闭shut in 关进wall in 围住

3) 加入，记入

book in 登记check in 签到count in 记入fill in 填入hand in 交上take in 吸收send in 呈交

3.off

1) 离开

blow off 吹掉drive off 击退get off 下车，动身lift off 离开地面move off 离去pack off 打发走see off 送行start off 动身call off 叫走let off 放出take off 起飞give off 发出clear off 走开carry off 夺走

2) 去掉，断开

cut off 切断tear off 扯掉take off 拿走chip off 切下drop off 跌落fall off 脱落rub off 擦掉wash off 洗掉shake off 抖落throw off 扔开turn off 关掉strip off 脱去switch off 关掉take off 脱掉shut off 关掉go off 爆炸break off 中断

3) 完成，停止

finish off 结束pay off 付清break off 停止，中断send off 结束leave off 停止pass off 终止，停止call off 取消lay off 停止, 解雇

4) 着地

fall off 落下jump off 跳下knock off 击倒slip off 滑倒

4.on

1) 继续坚持

carry on drive on fight on hold on keep on live on sleep on sing on walk on go on move on read on struggle on insist on

2) 连上，固定住

act on 对…起作用catch on 抓牢come on 跟随count on 依赖fasten on 纠缠，抓牢fit on 固定get on 接近turn on 打开put on 穿上try on 试穿pull on 穿上hang on 不挂断build on 建立于leave on 留住take on 穿下rely on 依靠depend on 依靠

3) 向前，向上

add on 加上mark on 标上press on 向前pass on 传递send on 转送get on 上车hand on 传送

4) 开始某活动

work on 从事bring on 引起get on 取得进展look on 旁观, 观看call on 拜访get on 进步, 友好相处plan on 打算decide on 决定reflect on 思考, 反思remark on 评论，议论settle on 决定

5.out

1) 向外

keep out 使在外take out 拿出put out 放出，伸出come out 长出，bring out拿出bar out关在外breathe out 呼吸出eat out 出去吃get out 弄出go out 出去lay out 摆开，展示lock out 关在外面look out 向外看move out 搬出point out指出pull out 拉出ship out 运出stick out伸出spit out 吐出beat out 敲出knock out 敲出dine out 外出吃饭drive out 驾车外出leak out 漏出draw out 拉出see out 送出门去let out 放出, 释放

2) 结束，消失，取消

burn out 烧尽，烧断clear out 清除dust out 清除put out 扑灭run out 用完give out 耗尽comb out 淘汰wipe out 消灭die out 灭绝rub out 擦掉blot out 除去blow out 吹熄carry out 完成，执行leave out 省去see out 完成go out 熄灭come out 罢工，