公路工程相关规范中的英文术语
公路工程施工术语(3篇)
第1篇1. 路基（Roadbed）：公路的基础部分，包括填方、挖方、土基、垫层等。
2. 填方（Fill）：在公路建设中，将土石材料填入路基中，提高路基的稳定性和承载能力。
3. 挖方（Cut）：在公路建设中，将路基以下的土石材料挖掘出来，用于路基填方或作为废料处理。
4. 土基（Subgrade）：路基的基础部分，由天然土层或经过处理的土层构成。
5. 垫层（Subbase）：位于路基和基层之间的一层材料，用于改善路基的承载能力和排水性能。
6. 基层（Subgrade）：位于垫层之上，直接承受行车荷载的一层材料。
7. 面层（Surface）：位于基层之上，直接与车轮接触的一层材料，具有耐磨、抗滑、平整等特点。
8. 路肩（Shoulder）：位于路面两侧，用于保证车辆行驶安全和提供紧急停车空间的部分。
9. 中央分隔带（Median Strip）：位于路面中央，用于分隔对向行驶车辆的隔离带。
10. 水稳层（Stabilized Layer）：由水泥、石灰等稳定剂与土石材料混合而成的层，具有良好的强度和稳定性。
11. 沥青混凝土（Asphalt Concrete）：由沥青、矿料和填料等混合而成的路面材料，具有良好的抗滑、耐磨、抗裂性能。
12. 水泥混凝土（Cement Concrete）：由水泥、砂、石子和水混合而成的路面材料，具有高强度、耐久性。
13. 桥梁（Bridge）：用于跨越河流、山谷、道路等障碍物的建筑物。
14. 桥墩（Pile）：桥梁的基础部分，承受桥梁的重量和荷载。
15. 桥梁梁体（Girder）：桥梁的主要承重结构，位于桥墩之上。
16. 桥梁拱圈（Arch）：桥梁的一种结构形式，具有优美的外观和良好的承载能力。
17. 路基排水（Road Drainage）：为了排除路面和路基中的积水，保证路面和路基的稳定性和使用寿命而采取的一系列措施。
18. 路基防护（Road Protection）：为了防止路基受到自然因素和人为因素的破坏，采取的一系列措施。
道路工程常用语英文
道路第一节一般规定第2.1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等.第2。
1.2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路.第2。
1。
3条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内,供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路.第2.1。
4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路.第2.1。
5条林区道路forest road建在林区,主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路.第2.1.7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8条道路网road metwork在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2.1.9条道路(网）密度density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2。
1.10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1。
11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型,以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2。
1.12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆.第2.1.13条计算行车速度（设计车速) design speed道路几何设计（包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等）所采用的行车速度。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准第2.1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施.按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1.2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2。
1。
3条城市道路city road;urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2。
1。
4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第2.1。
5条林区道路forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2。
1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第2。
1。
7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2。
1。
8条道路网road network在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网.在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2.1.9条道路（网）密度density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2.1。
10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1。
11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2.1。
12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆.第2。
1.13条计算行车速度(设计车速）design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
公路工程名词术语中英文对照11
公路工程名词术语中英文对照公路highway道路road公路工程highway engineering公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路等级highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公路用地highway right--of--way高速公路freeway等级公路classified highway辅道relief road干线公路arterial highway支线公路feeder highway专用公路accommodate highway国家干线公路〔国道〕national trunk highway.省级干线公路〔省道〕provincial trunk highway县公路〔县道〕county road乡公路〔乡道〕township road辐射式公路radial highway环形公路ring highway绕行公路bypass交通结构traffic structure交通组成traffic composition混合交通mixed traffic交通流traffic flow交通流理论traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度traffic density车头间距Space headway车头时距time headway 车间净距vehicular gap延误delay地点速度spot speed行驶速度running speed运行速度operating speed临界速度critical speed平均速度average speed计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量annual average daily月平均日交通量monthly averagedaily traffic年第30 位最大小时交通量thirtiethhighest annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum annualhourly volume设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力traffic capacity根本通行能力basic traffic capacity可能通行能力possible traffic capacity设计通行能力design traffic capacity道路效劳水平level of service公路交通规划traffic planning交通调查traffic survey交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volumeobservation station起迄点调查〔OD 调查〕origin-destination study出行trip境内交通local traffic过境交通through traffic交通发生traffic generation交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通预测traffic prognosis行车道carriageway别离式行车道Divided carriageway车道lane变速车道speed-change lane加速车道acceleration lane减速车道deceleration lane爬坡车道climbing lane停车道parking lane错车道turn-out lane自行车道cycle path路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带lane separator中央分隔带median divider中间带central strip路肩shoulder；verge路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb；curb侧向余宽lateral clearance路拱camber；crown路拱横坡crown slope公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路路线highway route公路线形highway alignment平面线形horizontal alignment纵面线形vertical alignment线形要素alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径limitedminimum radius of horizontal curv复曲线compound curve反向曲线reverse curve断背曲线broken-back curve回头曲线switch-back curve缓和曲线transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening加宽缓和段transition zone of curve超高superelevation超高缓和段superelevation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient最大纵坡maximum longitudinalgradient最小纵坡minimum longitudinalgradient变坡点grade change point平均纵坡average gradient坡长限制grade length limitation高原纵坡折减highland gradecompensation缓和坡段transition grading zone合成坡度resultant gradient视距sight distance停车视距non-passing sight distance，stopping sight distance超车视距passing sight distance道路交叉road intersection道口railroad grade crossing平面交叉at-grade intersection；gradecrossing正交叉right-angle intersection斜交叉skew intersection环形交叉rotary intersection十字形交叉〞十〞intersectionT 形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection；staggeredjunctionY 形交叉Y intersection立体交叉grade separation别离式立体交叉simple gradeseparation，separate grade crossing互通式立体交叉Interchange目蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleafinterchange局部目蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleafinterchange菱形立体交叉diamond interchange定向式立体交叉directionalinterchange喇叭形立体交叉three-Leginterchange环形立体交叉rotary interchange匝道ramp交叉口road crossing；intersection交叉口进口intersection entrance交叉口出口intersection exit加铺转角式交叉口intersection withwidened corners拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection分道转弯式交叉口channelizedintersection渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weaving section合流converging分流diverging冲突点conflict point交通岛traffic island导流岛channelization island中心岛central island平安岛refuge island沿线设施roadside facilities交通平安设施traffic safety device人行横道crosswalk人行地道pedestrian underpass人行天桥pedestrian overcrossing护栏guard fence防护栅guard fence，safety barrier遮光栅anti-dizzling screen应急emergency telephone反光标志reflective sign反光路钮reflective button弯道反光镜traffic mirror道路交通标志road traffic sign警告标志warning sign禁令标志regulatory sign指示标志guide sign指路标志information sign辅助标志auxiliary sign可变信息标志changeable messagesign路面标线pavement marking防雪设施snow protection facilities防沙设施sands protection facilities隔音墙acoustic barrier停车场parking area踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibility study线形设计highway alignment design公路景观设计highway landscapedesign选线route selection路线控制点control point定线location比拟线alternative line展线line development初测preliminary survey定测location survey地貌topographic feature地物culture地形topography台地terrace垭口pass；saddle back平原区plain terrain微丘区rolling terrain重丘区hilly terrain山岭区mountainous terrain沿溪线valley line山脊线ridge line山坡线hill-sideline越岭线ridge crossing line土方调配cut-fill transition土方调配图cut-fill transition program 土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance导线traverse导线测量traverse survey中线center line中线测量center line survey施工测量construction survey竣工测量final survey(路线)平面图plan交点intersection point虚交点imaginary intersection point转点turning point；转角intersection angle方位角azimuth angle象限角bearing 方向角direction angle切线长tangent length曲线长curve length外(矢)距external secant测站instrument station测点observation point中桩center stake加桩additional stake护桩reference stake断链broken chainage水准测量leveling survey水准点benchmark绝对基面absolute datum高程elevation地面高程ground elevation设计高程designed elevation(路线)纵断面图profile中桩填挖高度cut and fill at centerstake地形测量topographic survey基线baseline地形图topographic map等高线contour line横断面测量cross-sectional survey横断面图cross-section坑探pit test钻探boring摄影测量photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry地面立体摄影测量ground stereophotogrammetry地面控制点测量ground control-pointsurvey航摄基线aerophoto base影像地图photographic map像片索引图(镶辑复照图) photo index航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation综合法测图planimatric photo全能法测图universal photo微分法测图differential photo像片镶嵌图photo mosaic路基subgrade路堤embankment路堑cutting半填半挖式路基part cut-partfillsubgrade台口式路基benched subgrade路基宽度width of subgrade路基设计高程design elevation ofsubgrade(路基)最小填土高度minimum heightof fill边坡side slope边坡坡度grade of side slope(边)坡顶top of slope(边)坡脚toe of slope护坡道berm边坡平台plain stage of slope碎落台berm at the foot of cuttingslope护坡slope protection挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weightretaining wall悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retainingwall柱板式挡土墙column-plate tetainingwall锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wallby tie rods锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkheadtetaining wall石笼rock filled gabion抛石riprap路基排水subgrade drainage边沟side ditch截水沟intercepting ditch排水沟drainage ditch急流槽chute跌水drop water蒸发池evaporation pond盲沟blind drain渗水井seepage well透水路堤permeable embankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrow earth弃土waste取土坑borrow pit弃土堆waste bank回填土back--filling黄土loess软土soft soil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土salty soil膨胀土expansive soil冻土frozen soil多年冻土permafrost流砂quicksand软弱地基soft ground强夺法dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道loading berm砂井sand drain路基砂垫层sand mat of subgrade压实compaction压实度degree of compaction〔标准〕最大干容重maximum dryunit weight相对密实度relative density毛细水capi11ary water土石方爆破blasting procedure抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗blasting crater松动爆破blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈acting circ les of blasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayertheory〔回弹〕弯沉deflection加州承载比〔CBR 〕Californiabearing ratio, CBR)路面宽度width of pavement路槽road trough刚性路面rigid pavement柔性路面flexible pavement路面结构层pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层wearing course联结层binder course基层base course垫层bed course隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course封层sea1 coat透层prime coat保护层protection course补强层streng thening layer高级路面high type pavement次高级路面sub--high type pavement中级路面intermediate type pavement低级路面low type pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concretepavement沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous concretepavement沥青碎石路面bituminous macadampavement沥青贯入碎〔砾〕石路面bituminouspenetration pavement沥青外表处治bituminous surfacetreatment块料路面block pavement石块路面stone block pavement泥结碎石路面clay--bound macadampavement水结碎石路面water--bound macadampavement级配路面graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层industrial waste basecourse块石基层Telford base层铺法spreading in layers拌和法mixing method厂拌法plant mixing method路拌法road mixing method热拌泼hot mixing method冷拌法cold mixing method热铺法hot laid method冷铺法cold laid method贯入法penetration method铺砌法pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝expansion joint真缝true joint假缝dummy joint横缝transverse Jo1nt纵缝longitudinal joint施工缝construction joint传力杆dowel bar拉杆tie bar路面平整度surface evenness路面粗糙度surface roughness路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement附着力adhesive force水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon 桥梁bridge公路桥highway bridge公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge人行桥pedestrian bridge跨线桥overpass bridge高架桥viaduct永久性桥permanent bridge半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge 临时性桥temporary bridge 钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concretebridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concretebridge钢桥steel bridge圬工桥masonry bridge木桥timber bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge弯桥curved bridge坡桥bridge on slope斜桥skew bridge正桥right bridge上承式桥deck bridge中承式桥half-through bridge下承式桥through bridge梁桥beam bridge简支梁桥simple supported beambridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge联合梁桥composite beam bridge板桥slab bridge拱桥arch bridge双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge桁架桥truss bridge刚构桥rigid frame bridgeT 形刚构桥T-shaped rigid framebridge连续刚构桥continuous rigid framebridge斜腿刚构桥rigid frame bridge withinclined 1egs斜拉桥(斜张桥) cable stayed bridge悬索桥suspension bridge漫水桥submersible bridge浮桥pontoon bridge开启桥movable bridge装配式桥fabricated bridge装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge涵洞culvert管涵pipe culvert拱涵arch culvert箱涵box culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert压力式涵洞pressure culvert半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵siphon culvert上部结构superstructure主梁main beam横梁floor beam纵梁longitudinal beam，stringer挂梁suspended beam拱圈arch，ring拱上结构spandrel structure腹拱spandrel arch拱上侧墙spandrel wall桥面系floor system，bridge decking桥面铺装bridge deck pavement伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansionandcontraction installation平安带safety belt桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head下部结构substructure桥墩pier墩身pier body墩帽coping盖梁bent cap破冰体ice apron重力式桥墩gravity pier实体桥墩solid pier空心桥墩hollow pier柱式桥墩column pier排架桩墩pile bent pier柔性墩flexible pier制动墩braking pier单向推力墩single direction thrustedpier桥台abutment台身abutment body前墙front wall翼墙wing walls台帽coping锥坡conical slope耳墙wing wallsU 形桥台U-shaped abutment八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment一字形桥台head wall abutment，straight abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkheadabutment支撑式桥台supported type abutment地基subsoil加固地基consolidated subsoil天然地基natural subsoil根底foundation扩大根底spread foundation沉井根底open caisson foundation管柱根底cylindrical shaft foundation桩根底pile foundation桩pile预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile承台bearing platform支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expansion bearing索塔cable bent tower索鞍cable saddle调治构造物regulating structure丁坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam桥位bridge site桥梁全长total length of bridge主桥main bridge引桥approach span跨径span桥涵计算跨径computed span桥涵净跨径clear span矢跨比rise span ratio计算矢高calculated rise of arch桥下净空clearance of span桥面净空clearance above bridge floor桥梁建筑高度construction height ofbridge荷载load永久荷载permanent load可变荷载variable load偶然荷载accidental load荷载组合loading combinations车辆荷载标准loading standard fordesign vehicle设计荷载design load施工荷载construction load梁beam简支梁simple-supported beam连续梁continuous beam悬臂梁cantilever beam板slab拱arch桁架truss刚构rigid frame柱column强度strength刚度stiffness，rigidity抗裂度crack resistance稳定性stability位移displacement变形deformation挠度deflection预拱度camber流域catchment basin集水面积runoff area径流runoff水文测验hydrological survey河床river bed河槽river channel主槽main channel边滩side shoal河滩rlood land河床宽度bed width河槽宽度channel width过水断面discharge section水位water level最高(或最低)水位maximum(minimum)water level通航水位navigable water level设计水位design water lever水面比降water surface slope河床比降gradient of river bed湿周weffed perimeter糙率coefficient of roughuess水力半径hydraulic radius水文计算hydrological computation 设计流量designed discharge设计流速designed flow velocity行近流速approach velocity洪水调查flood survey洪水频率flood frequency设计洪水频率designed flood frequency潮汐河流tidal river悬移质suspended load推移质bed material load水力计算hydraulic computation水头water head冲刷scour桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge桥墩(或台)局部冲刷local scour near pier自然演变冲刷natural scour冲刷系数coefficient of scouring 淤积silting壅水back water流冰ice drift先张法pretensioning method后张法post-tensioning method缆索吊装法erection with cableway悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion悬臂浇筑法cast-in-place cantilevermethod移动支架逐跨施工法span by spanmethod纵向拖拉法erection by longitudinalpulling method顶推法incremental launching method转体架桥法construction by swing浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method围堰cofferdam护筒pile casing隧道tunnel洞门tunnel portal衬砌tunnel lining明洞open cut tunnel围岩surrounding rork隧道建筑限界structural approachlimit of tunnels明挖法open cut method矿山法mine tunnelling method盾构法shield tunnelling method沉埋法(沉管法) immersed tunnel导坑heading隧道支撑tunnel support构件支撑element support喷锚支护lock bolt support withshotcrete隧道通风tunnel ventilation隧道照明tunnel lighting养护maintenance定期养护periodical maintenance巡回养护patrol maintenance大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance中修intermediate maintenance大修heavy maintenance改善工程road inprovement抢修emergency repair of road加固strengthening of structure回砂sand sweeping罩面overlay of pavement路面翻修pavement recapping路向补强pavement strengthening车辙rutting路面搓板surface corrugation路面网裂net-shaped cracking路面龟裂alligator cracking路面碎裂pavement spalling反射裂缝reflection crack路面坑槽pot holes路面冻胀surface frost heave路面沉陷pavement depression路面滑溜surface slipperiness露骨surface angularity啃边edge failure泛油bleeding拥包upheaval拱胀blow up错台faulting of slab ends错位slab staggering滑坡slide坍方land slide崩塌collapse碎落debris avalanche沉降settlement沉陷subsidence泥石流mud avalanche(振动)液化liquefaction翻浆frost boiling岩溶karst沙害sand hazard雪害snow hazard水毁washout好路率rate of good roads养护质量综合值general rating ofmaintenance quality路容road appearance路况road condition路况调查road condition survey路政管理rlad administration民工建勤civilian labourers workingon public project养路费toll of road maintenance养路道班maintenance gang粒料granular material集料(骨料) aggregate矿料mineral aggregate矿粉mineral powder砂sand砾石gravel砂砾sand gravel卵石cobble stone碎石broken stone，crushed stone片石rubble块石block stone料石dressed stone石屑chip工业废渣industrial solid waste结合料binder有机结合料organic binding agent沥青bitumen地沥青asphalt天然沥青natural asphalt石油沥青petroleum asphalt煤沥青coal tar乳化沥青emulsified bitumen氧化沥青oxidized asphalt路用沥青road bitumen无机结合料inorganic binding agent粉煤灰fly ash混合料mixture沥青混合料bituminous mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminousconcrete mixture沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadammixture沥青砂asphalt sand沥青膏asphalt mastic水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥混凝土混合料cement concretemixture水泥混凝土cement concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力(钢筋)混凝土prestressedconcrete早强混凝土early strength concrete干硬性混凝土dry concrete贫混凝土lean concrete轻质混凝土light-weight concrete纤维混凝土fibrous concrete外掺剂admixture减水剂water reducing agent加气剂air entraining agent早强剂early strength agent缓凝剂retarder钢筋steel bar预应力钢材prestressing steel高强钢丝high tensile steel wire钢铰线stranded steel wire冷拉钢筋cold-stretched steel bar冷拔钢丝cold-drawn steel wire高强螺栓high strength bolt空隙率porosity孔隙比void ratio粒径grain size颗粒组成grain composition细度fineness筛分sieve analysis级配gradation级配曲线grading curve最正确级配optimum gradation含水量water content最正确含水量optimum water content稠度界限consistency limit液限liquid limit塑限plastic limit缩限shrinkage limit塑性指数plasticity index水泥标号cement mark水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark水泥混凝土配合比proportioning of cement concrete水灰比water cement ratio和易性workability坍落度slump硬化hardening水硬性hydraulicity气硬性air hardening离析segregation徐变creep老化ageing(沥青)稠度consistency (of bitumen) 针入度penetration粘(滞)度viscosity软化点softening point延度ductility闪点flash point溶解度dissolubility热稳性hot stability水稳性water stability油石化asphalt-aggregate ratio含油率bitumen content压碎率rate of crushing磨耗度abrasiveness弹性模量modulus of elasticity回弹模量modulus of resilience劲度(模量) stiffness modulus模量比modulus ratio泊松比Poisson's ratio疲劳试验fatigue test劈裂试验splitting test三轴试验triaxial test 击实试验compaction test触探试验cone penetration test弯沉试验deflection test环道试验circular track test承载板试验loading plate test透水性试验perviousness test车辙试验wheel tracking test马歇尔试验Marshall stability test压实度试验compactness test铺砂法sand patch method硬练胶砂强度试验earth-dry mortarstrength-test软练胶砂强度试验plastic mortarstrength-test(水泥)安定性试验soundness test(ofcement)击实仪compaction test equipment长杆贯入仪penetration test equipment承载板loading plate杠杆弯沉仪beam lever deflectometer路面曲率半径测定仪surface-curvature apparatus路面平整度测定仪vlameter路面透水度测定仪surfacepermeameter五轮仪fifth-wheel tester制动仪skiddometer速度检测器speed detector万能试验机universal testing machine三轴(剪切)仪triaxial shear equipment加州承载比(CBR)测定仪Californiabearing ratio-tester标准筛standard sieves(沥青)针入度仪penetrometer(沥青)粘度仪viscosimeter(沥青)延度仪ductilometer(沥青)软化点仪(环—球法) softeningpoint tester(ring-ball method)闪点仪(开口杯式) flash pointtester(open cup method)马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stabilityapparatus(沥青混合料)抽提仪bitumen extractor砂浆稠度仪mortar penetration tester坍落度圆锥筒slump cone标准工业粘度计standard concreteconsisto-meter饱和面干吸水率试模saturated-surface-duied moistureretention tester撞击韧度试验机impact toughnessmachine圆盘耐磨硬度试验机wear hardnessmachine狄法尔磨耗试验机Deval abrasiontesting machine洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angelesabrasion testing- machine压碎率试模crushing strength tester单斗挖掘机single-bucket excavator推土机bulldozer除根机rootdozer铲运机scraper平地机grader挖沟机trencher耕耘机cultivator松土机ripper松土搅拌机pulvi-mixer稳定土拌和机stabilizer凿岩机rock breaker碎石机stone crusher碎石撒布机stone spreader装载机loader羊足压路机sheep-foot roller手扶式单轮压路机walk behind singledrum蛙式打夯机frog rammer内燃夯实机internal combustioncompactor铁夯(铁撞柱) tamping iron压路机roller振动压路机vibratory roller沥青加热器asphalt heater沥青泵asphalt pump沥青洒布机asphalt sprayer沥青洒布车asphalt distributor沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt mixingplant沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt paver散装水泥运输车cement deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料拌和设备concretemixing plant(水泥混凝土混合料)搅拌运输车concrete deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料摊铺机concretepaver振捣器concrete vibrator水泥混凝土混合料整面机concretefinisher真空泵vacuum pump水泥混凝土路面切缝机concrete Jointcutter水泥混凝土路面锯缝机concrete saw水泥混凝土路面清缝机concrete jointcleaner水泥混凝土路面填缝机concrete jointsealer水泵pump泥浆泵mud pump张拉钢筋油泵prestressed steel bardrawing oil pump砂浆泵mortar pump水泥混凝土混合料泵concrete pump钢筋切断机bar shear钢筋冷轧机cold-rolling mill钢筋冷拉机steel stretcher钢筋冷拔机steel bar cold-extrudingmachine钢筋冷镦机steel bar heading pressmachine钢筋拉伸机steel extension machine钢筋弯曲机steel bar bender钢筋调直机steel straighten machine对焊机butt welder钻孔机boring machine打桩机pile driver拔桩机pile extractor千斤顶jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶prestressedsteel bar drawing jack手拉葫芦chain block起重葫芦hoisting block卷扬机hoister缆索吊装设备cableway erectingequipment起重机crane架桥机bridge erection equipment砂筒sand cylinder盾构shield全气压盾构compressed air shield半盾构roof shield隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine全断面隧道掘进机tunnel boringmachine for full section喷枪shotcrete equipment：装碴机mucker盾构千斤顶main jack拉合千斤顶pull-in jacks复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphaltremixer路面铣削机pavemill回砂车sand sweeping equipment除雪机snow plough装雪机snow Loader洗净剂喷布车detergent spray truck清扫车sweeper洒水车water truck划标线机Line maker振动筛vibrating screen撒布机spreader输送机conveyer提升机elevator翻斗车dump-body car自卸汽车dumping wagon牵引车tow truck拖车头tractor truck挂车trailer平板车flat truck工程车shop truck万能杆件fabricated universal steel members交通规那么traffic rules交通事故traffic accident交通事故率traffic accident rate人口事故率population accident rate 车辆事故率vehicle accident rate运行事故率operating accident rate 交通控制traffic control中央控制台central control unit点控制spot control线控制line control面控制area control交通信号traffic signal交通信号灯traffic signal lamp信号周期signal cycle绿信比split ratio信号相位signal phase相位差phase difference绿波green wave交通监视系统traffic surveillance 交通公害vehicular pollution公司企业常见部门名称英文翻译总公司Head Office分公司Branch Office营业部Business Office人事部Personnel Department(人力资源部)Human Resources Department总务部General Affairs Department 财务部General Accounting Department销售部Sales Department促销部Sales Promotion Department国际部International Department出口部Export Department进口部Import Department公共关系Public Relations Department广告部Advertising Department企划部Planning Department产品开发部Product Development Department研发部Research and Development Department(R&D)秘书室Secretarial Pool 交通标志专用名词中英对照警告标志|| Warning sign禁令标志|| Prohibition sign指示标志|| Mandatory sign指路标志|| Guide sign旅游标志|| Tourist sign标线|| Marking禁止超越线|| No-passing line大型车|| Oversize vehicle小型车|| Light-duty vehicle自行车|| Bicycle非机动车|| Non-motor vehicle公共汽车|| Bus机动车|| Motor vehicle公共汽车优先|| Bus preemption，Bus priority行车道|| Roadway,carriageway超车道|| Overtaking lane硬路肩|| Hard shoulder国道|| National road省道|| Provincial road县道|| County road高速公路|| Expressway起点|| Starting point终点|| End point一般道路|| Ordinary road城市道路|| Urban road**街道|| * * street互通式立交|| * * interchange高架桥|| Viaduct隧道|| Tunnel收费站|| Toll station应急停车带|| Emergency stop area休息处|| Rest area效劳区|| Service area避车道|| Lay-by,Passing bay火车站|| Railway station飞机场|| Airport停车场|| Parking长途汽车站|| Inter-city bus station急救站|| First aid station客轮码头|| Passenger quay餐饮|| Restaurant汽修|| Breakdown service洗车|| Vehicle cleaning加油站|| Filling station|| Telephone轮渡|| Ferry爬坡车道|| Climbing lane追尾危险|| Rear-end collisiondanger保持车距|| Keep space道路交通信息|| Traffic information路面结冰|| Icy pavement小心路滑|| Slippery road be careful陡坡慢行|| Steepdescent,slow-down多雾路段|| Foggy section软基路段|| Weak subgrade大型车靠右|| Oversize vehicle toright注意横风|| Alert to cross wind事故多发点|| Blackspot保护动物|| Protect animal长下坡慢行|| Longdescent,slow-down道路封闭|| Road closed车道封闭|| Lane closed车辆慢行|| Slow down道路施工|| Road construction,Roadworks车辆绕行|| Vehicle by-pass方向引导|| Direction guide落石|| Falling rocks双向交通|| Two-way traffic其他危险|| Other dangers道路或车道变窄|| Carriagewaynarrows堤坝路|| Embankment road限制高度|| Limited height限制宽度|| Limited width禁鸣喇叭|| Silence(No audiblewarning)渡船|| Ferry boat此路不通|| No through road中英对照医学名词医学名词Medical Terminology过敏Allergy健康诊断Gernral Check-upPhysical Examination检查Examination入院Admission to Hospotial退院Discharge from Hospital病症Symptom营养Nutrition病例Clinical History诊断Diagnosis治疗Treatment预防Prevention呼吸Respiration便通Bowel Movement便Stool血液Blood脉搏Pulse, Pulsation尿Urine脉搏数Pulse Rate血型Blood Type血压Blood Pressure麻醉Anesthesia全身麻醉General Anesthesia静脉麻醉Intravenous Anesthesia脊椎麻醉Spinal Anesthesia局部麻醉Local Anesthesia手术Operation切除Resectionlie副作用Side Effect洗净Irrigation注射InjectionX光X-Ray红外线Ultra Red-Ray慢性的Chronic急性的Acute体格Build亲戚Relative遗传Heredity免疫Immunity血清Serum流行性的Epidemic潜伏期Incubation Period滤过性病毒Virus消毒Sterilization抗生素Antibiotic脑波E.E.G洗肠Enema结核反映Tuberculin Reaction华氏Fahrenheit摄氏Celsius, Centigrade中英对照商标术语世界贸易组织?WTO? WORLDTRADE ORGANIZATION关税及贸易总协定?GATT?GENERAL AGREEMENT ONTARIFFS AND TRADE亚太经济合作组织?APEC? ASIAPACIFIC ECONOMICCOOPERATION与贸易有关的知识产权协议?TRIPS?AGREEMENT ON TRADERELATED ASPECTS OFINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYRIGHTS世界知识产权组织?WIPO? WORLDINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYORGANIZATION保护知识产权联合国际局INTERNATIONAL BOARD OFINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYRIGHT保护工业产权巴黎公约PARISCONVENTION FOR THEPROTECTION OF INDUSTRIALPROPERTY商标国际注册马德里协定MADRID AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION OF MARKS商标注册条约?TRT? TRADE MARK REGISTRATION TREATY商标注册用商品与国际分类尼斯协定NICE AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF GOODS AND SERVICES FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE REGISTRATION OF MARKS建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定VIENNA AGREEMENT FOR ESTABLISHING AND INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE FIGURATIVE ELEMENTS OF MARKS专利合作条约?PCT? PATENT CO－OPERATION TREATY共同体专利公约COMMUNITY 产PATENT CONVENTION斯特拉斯堡协定?SA? STRASBOURG AGREEMENT 工业外观设计国际保存海牙协定THE HAGUE AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL DEPOSIT OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS工业外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定LOCARNO AGREEMENT ONESTABLISHING ANDINTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATION FORINDUSTRIAL DESIGNS商标，外观设计与地理标记法律常设委员会〔SCT〕STANDINGCOMMITTEE ON THE LAWOF TRADEMARKS，INDUSTRIALDESIGN ANDGEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION国际专利文献中心?INPADOC?INTERNATIONAL PATENTDOCUMENTATION CENTER欧洲专利局?EPO? EUROPEANPATENT OFFICE欧洲专利公约EUROPEANPATENT CONVENTION比荷卢商标局TRADE MARKOFFICE OF BELGIUM－HOLLAND－LUXEMBURG法语非洲知识产权组织ORGANIZATION OF AFRICANINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY国际商标协会THEINTERNATIONAL TRADEMARKASSOCIATION中华人民共和国商标法TRADEMARK LAW OF THEPEOPLES REPUBLIC OFCHINA英国商标法TRADEMARKLAW OF UNITED KINGDOMOF GREAT BRITAIN ANDNORTHERN IRELAND美国商标法TRADEMARKLAW OF THE UNITEDSTATES OF AMERICA日本商标法JAPANESETRADEMARK LAW商标TRADE MARK商标局TRADE MARKOFFICCE商标法TRADEMARK LAW文字商标WORD MARK图形商标FIGURATIVEMARK组合商标ASSOCIATEDMARK保证商标CERTIFICATIONMARK集体商标COLLECTIVEMARK著名商标WELL－KNOWNMARK著名商标FAMOUYS MARK近似商标SIMILAR MARK防御商标DEFENSIVEMARK效劳标记SERVICE MARK注册商标REGISTEREDMARK商标注册申请人TRADEMARK REGISTRANT注册申请日APPLICATIONDATE OF TRADE MARK注册申请号APPLICATIONNUMBER商标注册证TRADE MARKREGISTRATION CERTIFICATE商标注册号TRADE MARKREGISTRATION NUMBER商标注册日TRADE MARKREGISTRATION DATE商标注册簿TRADE MARKREGISTERED BOOK注册有效期THE TERM OFVALIDITY商标注册官EXAMINATIONFOR TRADE MARKREGISTRATION注册查询TRADE MARKENQUIRIES注册续展RENEWAL OFTRADE MARK分别申请SEPARATEAPPLICATION重新申请NEWREGISTRATION别行申请NEWAPPLICATION变更申请APPLICATIONREGARDING CHANGES注册代理TRADE MARKAGENCY注册公告TRADE MARKPUBLICATION申请注册APPLICATION FORREGISTRATION续展注册RENEWAL OFREGISTRATION转让注册REGISTRATIONOF ASSIGNMENT变更注册人名义／地址／其它注册事项MODIFICATION OFNAME／ADDRESS OFREGISTRANT／OTHERMATTERS补发商标证书REISSUANCEOF REGISTRATIONCERTIFICATE注销注册商标REMOVAL证明CERTIFICATION异议OPPOSITION使用许可合同备案RECORDALOF LICENSE CONTRACT驳回商标复审REVIEW OFREFUSED TRADEMARK驳回续展复审REVIEW OFREFUSED RENEWAL驳回转让复审REVIEW OFREFUSED ASSIGNMENT撤销商标复审REVIEW OFADJUDICATION ONOPPOSITION异议复审REVIEW OFADJUDICATION ONOPPOSITION争议裁定ADJUDICATIONON DISPUTED REGISTEREDTRADEMARK撤销注册不当裁定ADJUDICATION ONCANCELLATION OFIMPROPERLY REGISTEREDTRADEMARK撤销注册不当复审REVIEWON CANCELLATION OFIMPROPERLY REGISTEREDTRADEMARK处理商标纠纷案件DEALINGWITH INFRINGEMENT优先权PRIORITY注册申请优先日DATE OFPRIORITY注册商标使用人USER OFREGISTERED TRADE MARK注册商标专用权EXCLUSIVERIGHT TO USE REGISTEREDTRADE MARK注册商标的转让ASSIGNMENTOF REGISTERED TRADEMARK商标的许可使用LICENSINGOF REGISTERED TRADEMARK使用在先原那么PRINCIPLEOF FIRST TO USE注册在先原那么PRINCIPLEOF FIRST APPLICATION商标国际分类INTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATION OF GOODS专利PATENT专利权PATENT RIGHT专利权人PATENTEE专利代理PATENT AGENCY产品专利PRODUCTPATENT。
公路工程名词术语中英文对照11
踏勘 reconna
intersection entran g
adside facilities izzling screen
辅助标志 au issance
ce
交错路段 we
交通安全设
反光标志 ref xiliary sign
可行性研究
交叉口出口 aving section
施 traffic safety lective sign
e crossing
minimum radius
加宽缓和段
平均纵坡 av stance，
环形交叉 rot
互通式立体
of horizontal cur transition zone of erage gradient
stopping sigh ary intersection 交叉 Interchange
道路服务水 gin-destination stu
分离式行车
路侧人行道
路拱横坡 cr
交通量 maximum 平 level of servic dy
道 Divided carria sidewalk
own slope
annual hourly v e
出行 trip
geway
分隔带 lane
公路建筑限
自行车道 cy
路拱 cambe ntal curve
capacity
cle path
r； crown
极限最小平
弯道加宽 cu
变坡点 grad
停车视距 no
斜交叉 skew
separate grad
曲线半径 limited rve widening
e change point n-passing sight di intersection
公路工程名词术语中英文对照11
公路工程名词术语中英文对照公路highway道路road公路工程highway engineering公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路等级highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公路用地highway right--of--way高速公路freeway等级公路classified highway辅道relief road干线公路arterial highway支线公路feeder highway专用公路accommodate highway国家干线公路〔国道〕national trunk highway.省级干线公路〔省道〕provincial trunk highway县公路〔县道〕county road乡公路〔乡道〕township road辐射式公路radial highway环形公路ring highway绕行公路bypass交通结构traffic structure交通组成traffic composition混合交通mixed traffic交通流traffic flow交通流理论traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度traffic density车头间距Space headway车头时距time headway 车间净距vehicular gap延误delay地点速度spot speed行驶速度running speed运行速度operating speed临界速度critical speed平均速度average speed计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量annual average daily月平均日交通量monthly averagedaily traffic年第30 位最大小时交通量thirtiethhighest annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum annualhourly volume设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力traffic capacity根本通行能力basic traffic capacity可能通行能力possible traffic capacity设计通行能力design traffic capacity道路效劳水平level of service公路交通规划traffic planning交通调查traffic survey交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volumeobservation station起迄点调查〔OD 调查〕origin-destination study出行trip境内交通local traffic过境交通through traffic交通发生traffic generation交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通预测traffic prognosis行车道carriageway别离式行车道Divided carriageway车道lane变速车道speed-change lane加速车道acceleration lane减速车道deceleration lane爬坡车道climbing lane停车道parking lane错车道turn-out lane自行车道cycle path路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带lane separator中央分隔带median divider中间带central strip路肩shoulder；verge路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb；curb侧向余宽lateral clearance路拱camber；crown路拱横坡crown slope公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路路线highway route公路线形highway alignment平面线形horizontal alignment纵面线形vertical alignment线形要素alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径limitedminimum radius of horizontal curv复曲线compound curve反向曲线reverse curve断背曲线broken-back curve回头曲线switch-back curve缓和曲线transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening加宽缓和段transition zone of curve超高superelevation超高缓和段superelevation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient最大纵坡maximum longitudinalgradient最小纵坡minimum longitudinalgradient变坡点grade change point平均纵坡average gradient坡长限制grade length limitation高原纵坡折减highland gradecompensation缓和坡段transition grading zone合成坡度resultant gradient视距sight distance停车视距non-passing sight distance，stopping sight distance超车视距passing sight distance道路交叉road intersection道口railroad grade crossing平面交叉at-grade intersection；gradecrossing正交叉right-angle intersection斜交叉skew intersection环形交叉rotary intersection十字形交叉〞十〞intersectionT 形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection；staggeredjunctionY 形交叉Y intersection立体交叉grade separation别离式立体交叉simple gradeseparation，separate grade crossing互通式立体交叉Interchange目蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleafinterchange局部目蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleafinterchange菱形立体交叉diamond interchange定向式立体交叉directionalinterchange喇叭形立体交叉three-Leginterchange环形立体交叉rotary interchange匝道ramp交叉口road crossing；intersection交叉口进口intersection entrance交叉口出口intersection exit加铺转角式交叉口intersection withwidened corners拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection分道转弯式交叉口channelizedintersection渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weaving section合流converging分流diverging冲突点conflict point交通岛traffic island导流岛channelization island中心岛central island平安岛refuge island沿线设施roadside facilities交通平安设施traffic safety device人行横道crosswalk人行地道pedestrian underpass人行天桥pedestrian overcrossing护栏guard fence防护栅guard fence，safety barrier遮光栅anti-dizzling screen应急emergency telephone反光标志reflective sign反光路钮reflective button弯道反光镜traffic mirror道路交通标志road traffic sign警告标志warning sign禁令标志regulatory sign指示标志guide sign指路标志information sign辅助标志auxiliary sign可变信息标志changeable messagesign路面标线pavement marking防雪设施snow protection facilities防沙设施sands protection facilities隔音墙acoustic barrier停车场parking area踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibility study线形设计highway alignment design公路景观设计highway landscapedesign选线route selection路线控制点control point定线location比拟线alternative line展线line development初测preliminary survey定测location survey地貌topographic feature地物culture地形topography台地terrace垭口pass；saddle back平原区plain terrain微丘区rolling terrain重丘区hilly terrain山岭区mountainous terrain沿溪线valley line山脊线ridge line山坡线hill-sideline越岭线ridge crossing line土方调配cut-fill transition土方调配图cut-fill transition program 土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance导线traverse导线测量traverse survey中线center line中线测量center line survey施工测量construction survey竣工测量final survey(路线)平面图plan交点intersection point虚交点imaginary intersection point转点turning point；转角intersection angle方位角azimuth angle象限角bearing 方向角direction angle切线长tangent length曲线长curve length外(矢)距external secant测站instrument station测点observation point中桩center stake加桩additional stake护桩reference stake断链broken chainage水准测量leveling survey水准点benchmark绝对基面absolute datum高程elevation地面高程ground elevation设计高程designed elevation(路线)纵断面图profile中桩填挖高度cut and fill at centerstake地形测量topographic survey基线baseline地形图topographic map等高线contour line横断面测量cross-sectional survey横断面图cross-section坑探pit test钻探boring摄影测量photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry地面立体摄影测量ground stereophotogrammetry地面控制点测量ground control-pointsurvey航摄基线aerophoto base影像地图photographic map像片索引图(镶辑复照图) photo index航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation综合法测图planimatric photo全能法测图universal photo微分法测图differential photo像片镶嵌图photo mosaic路基subgrade路堤embankment路堑cutting半填半挖式路基part cut-partfillsubgrade台口式路基benched subgrade路基宽度width of subgrade路基设计高程design elevation ofsubgrade(路基)最小填土高度minimum heightof fill边坡side slope边坡坡度grade of side slope(边)坡顶top of slope(边)坡脚toe of slope护坡道berm边坡平台plain stage of slope碎落台berm at the foot of cuttingslope护坡slope protection挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weightretaining wall悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retainingwall柱板式挡土墙column-plate tetainingwall锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wallby tie rods锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkheadtetaining wall石笼rock filled gabion抛石riprap路基排水subgrade drainage边沟side ditch截水沟intercepting ditch排水沟drainage ditch急流槽chute跌水drop water蒸发池evaporation pond盲沟blind drain渗水井seepage well透水路堤permeable embankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrow earth弃土waste取土坑borrow pit弃土堆waste bank回填土back--filling黄土loess软土soft soil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土salty soil膨胀土expansive soil冻土frozen soil多年冻土permafrost流砂quicksand软弱地基soft ground强夺法dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道loading berm砂井sand drain路基砂垫层sand mat of subgrade压实compaction压实度degree of compaction〔标准〕最大干容重maximum dryunit weight相对密实度relative density毛细水capi11ary water土石方爆破blasting procedure抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗blasting crater松动爆破blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈acting circ les of blasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayertheory〔回弹〕弯沉deflection加州承载比〔CBR 〕Californiabearing ratio, CBR)路面宽度width of pavement路槽road trough刚性路面rigid pavement柔性路面flexible pavement路面结构层pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层wearing course联结层binder course基层base course垫层bed course隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course封层sea1 coat透层prime coat保护层protection course补强层streng thening layer高级路面high type pavement次高级路面sub--high type pavement中级路面intermediate type pavement低级路面low type pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concretepavement沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous concretepavement沥青碎石路面bituminous macadampavement沥青贯入碎〔砾〕石路面bituminouspenetration pavement沥青外表处治bituminous surfacetreatment块料路面block pavement石块路面stone block pavement泥结碎石路面clay--bound macadampavement水结碎石路面water--bound macadampavement级配路面graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层industrial waste basecourse块石基层Telford base层铺法spreading in layers拌和法mixing method厂拌法plant mixing method路拌法road mixing method热拌泼hot mixing method冷拌法cold mixing method热铺法hot laid method冷铺法cold laid method贯入法penetration method铺砌法pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝expansion joint真缝true joint假缝dummy joint横缝transverse Jo1nt纵缝longitudinal joint施工缝construction joint传力杆dowel bar拉杆tie bar路面平整度surface evenness路面粗糙度surface roughness路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement附着力adhesive force水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon 桥梁bridge公路桥highway bridge公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge人行桥pedestrian bridge跨线桥overpass bridge高架桥viaduct永久性桥permanent bridge半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge 临时性桥temporary bridge 钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concretebridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concretebridge钢桥steel bridge圬工桥masonry bridge木桥timber bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge弯桥curved bridge坡桥bridge on slope斜桥skew bridge正桥right bridge上承式桥deck bridge中承式桥half-through bridge下承式桥through bridge梁桥beam bridge简支梁桥simple supported beambridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge联合梁桥composite beam bridge板桥slab bridge拱桥arch bridge双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge桁架桥truss bridge刚构桥rigid frame bridgeT 形刚构桥T-shaped rigid framebridge连续刚构桥continuous rigid framebridge斜腿刚构桥rigid frame bridge withinclined 1egs斜拉桥(斜张桥) cable stayed bridge悬索桥suspension bridge漫水桥submersible bridge浮桥pontoon bridge开启桥movable bridge装配式桥fabricated bridge装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge涵洞culvert管涵pipe culvert拱涵arch culvert箱涵box culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert压力式涵洞pressure culvert半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵siphon culvert上部结构superstructure主梁main beam横梁floor beam纵梁longitudinal beam，stringer挂梁suspended beam拱圈arch，ring拱上结构spandrel structure腹拱spandrel arch拱上侧墙spandrel wall桥面系floor system，bridge decking桥面铺装bridge deck pavement伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansionandcontraction installation平安带safety belt桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head下部结构substructure桥墩pier墩身pier body墩帽coping盖梁bent cap破冰体ice apron重力式桥墩gravity pier实体桥墩solid pier空心桥墩hollow pier柱式桥墩column pier排架桩墩pile bent pier柔性墩flexible pier制动墩braking pier单向推力墩single direction thrustedpier桥台abutment台身abutment body前墙front wall翼墙wing walls台帽coping锥坡conical slope耳墙wing wallsU 形桥台U-shaped abutment八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment一字形桥台head wall abutment，straight abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkheadabutment支撑式桥台supported type abutment地基subsoil加固地基consolidated subsoil天然地基natural subsoil根底foundation扩大根底spread foundation沉井根底open caisson foundation管柱根底cylindrical shaft foundation桩根底pile foundation桩pile预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile承台bearing platform支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expansion bearing索塔cable bent tower索鞍cable saddle调治构造物regulating structure丁坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam桥位bridge site桥梁全长total length of bridge主桥main bridge引桥approach span跨径span桥涵计算跨径computed span桥涵净跨径clear span矢跨比rise span ratio计算矢高calculated rise of arch桥下净空clearance of span桥面净空clearance above bridge floor桥梁建筑高度construction height ofbridge荷载load永久荷载permanent load可变荷载variable load偶然荷载accidental load荷载组合loading combinations车辆荷载标准loading standard fordesign vehicle设计荷载design load施工荷载construction load梁beam简支梁simple-supported beam连续梁continuous beam悬臂梁cantilever beam板slab拱arch桁架truss刚构rigid frame柱column强度strength刚度stiffness，rigidity抗裂度crack resistance稳定性stability位移displacement变形deformation挠度deflection预拱度camber流域catchment basin集水面积runoff area径流runoff水文测验hydrological survey河床river bed河槽river channel主槽main channel边滩side shoal河滩rlood land河床宽度bed width河槽宽度channel width过水断面discharge section水位water level最高(或最低)水位maximum(minimum)water level通航水位navigable water level设计水位design water lever水面比降water surface slope河床比降gradient of river bed湿周weffed perimeter糙率coefficient of roughuess水力半径hydraulic radius水文计算hydrological computation 设计流量designed discharge设计流速designed flow velocity行近流速approach velocity洪水调查flood survey洪水频率flood frequency设计洪水频率designed flood frequency潮汐河流tidal river悬移质suspended load推移质bed material load水力计算hydraulic computation水头water head冲刷scour桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge桥墩(或台)局部冲刷local scour near pier自然演变冲刷natural scour冲刷系数coefficient of scouring 淤积silting壅水back water流冰ice drift先张法pretensioning method后张法post-tensioning method缆索吊装法erection with cableway悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion悬臂浇筑法cast-in-place cantilevermethod移动支架逐跨施工法span by spanmethod纵向拖拉法erection by longitudinalpulling method顶推法incremental launching method转体架桥法construction by swing浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method围堰cofferdam护筒pile casing隧道tunnel洞门tunnel portal衬砌tunnel lining明洞open cut tunnel围岩surrounding rork隧道建筑限界structural approachlimit of tunnels明挖法open cut method矿山法mine tunnelling method盾构法shield tunnelling method沉埋法(沉管法) immersed tunnel导坑heading隧道支撑tunnel support构件支撑element support喷锚支护lock bolt support withshotcrete隧道通风tunnel ventilation隧道照明tunnel lighting养护maintenance定期养护periodical maintenance巡回养护patrol maintenance大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance中修intermediate maintenance大修heavy maintenance改善工程road inprovement抢修emergency repair of road加固strengthening of structure回砂sand sweeping罩面overlay of pavement路面翻修pavement recapping路向补强pavement strengthening车辙rutting路面搓板surface corrugation路面网裂net-shaped cracking路面龟裂alligator cracking路面碎裂pavement spalling反射裂缝reflection crack路面坑槽pot holes路面冻胀surface frost heave路面沉陷pavement depression路面滑溜surface slipperiness露骨surface angularity啃边edge failure泛油bleeding拥包upheaval拱胀blow up错台faulting of slab ends错位slab staggering滑坡slide坍方land slide崩塌collapse碎落debris avalanche沉降settlement沉陷subsidence泥石流mud avalanche(振动)液化liquefaction翻浆frost boiling岩溶karst沙害sand hazard雪害snow hazard水毁washout好路率rate of good roads养护质量综合值general rating ofmaintenance quality路容road appearance路况road condition路况调查road condition survey路政管理rlad administration民工建勤civilian labourers workingon public project养路费toll of road maintenance养路道班maintenance gang粒料granular material集料(骨料) aggregate矿料mineral aggregate矿粉mineral powder砂sand砾石gravel砂砾sand gravel卵石cobble stone碎石broken stone，crushed stone片石rubble块石block stone料石dressed stone石屑chip工业废渣industrial solid waste结合料binder有机结合料organic binding agent沥青bitumen地沥青asphalt天然沥青natural asphalt石油沥青petroleum asphalt煤沥青coal tar乳化沥青emulsified bitumen氧化沥青oxidized asphalt路用沥青road bitumen无机结合料inorganic binding agent粉煤灰fly ash混合料mixture沥青混合料bituminous mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminousconcrete mixture沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadammixture沥青砂asphalt sand沥青膏asphalt mastic水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥混凝土混合料cement concretemixture水泥混凝土cement concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力(钢筋)混凝土prestressedconcrete早强混凝土early strength concrete干硬性混凝土dry concrete贫混凝土lean concrete轻质混凝土light-weight concrete纤维混凝土fibrous concrete外掺剂admixture减水剂water reducing agent加气剂air entraining agent早强剂early strength agent缓凝剂retarder钢筋steel bar预应力钢材prestressing steel高强钢丝high tensile steel wire钢铰线stranded steel wire冷拉钢筋cold-stretched steel bar冷拔钢丝cold-drawn steel wire高强螺栓high strength bolt空隙率porosity孔隙比void ratio粒径grain size颗粒组成grain composition细度fineness筛分sieve analysis级配gradation级配曲线grading curve最正确级配optimum gradation含水量water content最正确含水量optimum water content稠度界限consistency limit液限liquid limit塑限plastic limit缩限shrinkage limit塑性指数plasticity index水泥标号cement mark水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark水泥混凝土配合比proportioning of cement concrete水灰比water cement ratio和易性workability坍落度slump硬化hardening水硬性hydraulicity气硬性air hardening离析segregation徐变creep老化ageing(沥青)稠度consistency (of bitumen) 针入度penetration粘(滞)度viscosity软化点softening point延度ductility闪点flash point溶解度dissolubility热稳性hot stability水稳性water stability油石化asphalt-aggregate ratio含油率bitumen content压碎率rate of crushing磨耗度abrasiveness弹性模量modulus of elasticity回弹模量modulus of resilience劲度(模量) stiffness modulus模量比modulus ratio泊松比Poisson's ratio疲劳试验fatigue test劈裂试验splitting test三轴试验triaxial test 击实试验compaction test触探试验cone penetration test弯沉试验deflection test环道试验circular track test承载板试验loading plate test透水性试验perviousness test车辙试验wheel tracking test马歇尔试验Marshall stability test压实度试验compactness test铺砂法sand patch method硬练胶砂强度试验earth-dry mortarstrength-test软练胶砂强度试验plastic mortarstrength-test(水泥)安定性试验soundness test(ofcement)击实仪compaction test equipment长杆贯入仪penetration test equipment承载板loading plate杠杆弯沉仪beam lever deflectometer路面曲率半径测定仪surface-curvature apparatus路面平整度测定仪vlameter路面透水度测定仪surfacepermeameter五轮仪fifth-wheel tester制动仪skiddometer速度检测器speed detector万能试验机universal testing machine三轴(剪切)仪triaxial shear equipment加州承载比(CBR)测定仪Californiabearing ratio-tester标准筛standard sieves(沥青)针入度仪penetrometer(沥青)粘度仪viscosimeter(沥青)延度仪ductilometer(沥青)软化点仪(环—球法) softeningpoint tester(ring-ball method)闪点仪(开口杯式) flash pointtester(open cup method)马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stabilityapparatus(沥青混合料)抽提仪bitumen extractor砂浆稠度仪mortar penetration tester坍落度圆锥筒slump cone标准工业粘度计standard concreteconsisto-meter饱和面干吸水率试模saturated-surface-duied moistureretention tester撞击韧度试验机impact toughnessmachine圆盘耐磨硬度试验机wear hardnessmachine狄法尔磨耗试验机Deval abrasiontesting machine洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angelesabrasion testing- machine压碎率试模crushing strength tester单斗挖掘机single-bucket excavator推土机bulldozer除根机rootdozer铲运机scraper平地机grader挖沟机trencher耕耘机cultivator松土机ripper松土搅拌机pulvi-mixer稳定土拌和机stabilizer凿岩机rock breaker碎石机stone crusher碎石撒布机stone spreader装载机loader羊足压路机sheep-foot roller手扶式单轮压路机walk behind singledrum蛙式打夯机frog rammer内燃夯实机internal combustioncompactor铁夯(铁撞柱) tamping iron压路机roller振动压路机vibratory roller沥青加热器asphalt heater沥青泵asphalt pump沥青洒布机asphalt sprayer沥青洒布车asphalt distributor沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt mixingplant沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt paver散装水泥运输车cement deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料拌和设备concretemixing plant(水泥混凝土混合料)搅拌运输车concrete deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料摊铺机concretepaver振捣器concrete vibrator水泥混凝土混合料整面机concretefinisher真空泵vacuum pump水泥混凝土路面切缝机concrete Jointcutter水泥混凝土路面锯缝机concrete saw水泥混凝土路面清缝机concrete jointcleaner水泥混凝土路面填缝机concrete jointsealer水泵pump泥浆泵mud pump张拉钢筋油泵prestressed steel bardrawing oil pump砂浆泵mortar pump水泥混凝土混合料泵concrete pump钢筋切断机bar shear钢筋冷轧机cold-rolling mill钢筋冷拉机steel stretcher钢筋冷拔机steel bar cold-extrudingmachine钢筋冷镦机steel bar heading pressmachine钢筋拉伸机steel extension machine钢筋弯曲机steel bar bender钢筋调直机steel straighten machine对焊机butt welder钻孔机boring machine打桩机pile driver拔桩机pile extractor千斤顶jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶prestressedsteel bar drawing jack手拉葫芦chain block起重葫芦hoisting block卷扬机hoister缆索吊装设备cableway erectingequipment起重机crane架桥机bridge erection equipment砂筒sand cylinder盾构shield全气压盾构compressed air shield半盾构roof shield隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine全断面隧道掘进机tunnel boringmachine for full section喷枪shotcrete equipment：装碴机mucker盾构千斤顶main jack拉合千斤顶pull-in jacks复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphaltremixer路面铣削机pavemill回砂车sand sweeping equipment除雪机snow plough装雪机snow Loader洗净剂喷布车detergent spray truck清扫车sweeper洒水车water truck划标线机Line maker振动筛vibrating screen撒布机spreader输送机conveyer提升机elevator翻斗车dump-body car自卸汽车dumping wagon牵引车tow truck拖车头tractor truck挂车trailer平板车flat truck工程车shop truck万能杆件fabricated universal steel members交通规那么traffic rules交通事故traffic accident交通事故率traffic accident rate人口事故率population accident rate 车辆事故率vehicle accident rate运行事故率operating accident rate 交通控制traffic control中央控制台central control unit点控制spot control线控制line control面控制area control交通信号traffic signal交通信号灯traffic signal lamp信号周期signal cycle绿信比split ratio信号相位signal phase相位差phase difference绿波green wave交通监视系统traffic surveillance 交通公害vehicular pollution公司企业常见部门名称英文翻译总公司Head Office分公司Branch Office营业部Business Office人事部Personnel Department(人力资源部)Human Resources Department总务部General Affairs Department 财务部General Accounting Department销售部Sales Department促销部Sales Promotion Department国际部International Department出口部Export Department进口部Import Department公共关系Public Relations Department广告部Advertising Department企划部Planning Department产品开发部Product Development Department研发部Research and Development Department(R&D)秘书室Secretarial Pool 交通标志专用名词中英对照警告标志|| Warning sign禁令标志|| Prohibition sign指示标志|| Mandatory sign指路标志|| Guide sign旅游标志|| Tourist sign标线|| Marking禁止超越线|| No-passing line大型车|| Oversize vehicle小型车|| Light-duty vehicle自行车|| Bicycle非机动车|| Non-motor vehicle公共汽车|| Bus机动车|| Motor vehicle公共汽车优先|| Bus preemption，Bus priority行车道|| Roadway,carriageway超车道|| Overtaking lane硬路肩|| Hard shoulder国道|| National road省道|| Provincial road县道|| County road高速公路|| Expressway起点|| Starting point终点|| End point一般道路|| Ordinary road城市道路|| Urban road**街道|| * * street互通式立交|| * * interchange高架桥|| Viaduct隧道|| Tunnel收费站|| Toll station应急停车带|| Emergency stop area休息处|| Rest area效劳区|| Service area避车道|| Lay-by,Passing bay火车站|| Railway station飞机场|| Airport停车场|| Parking长途汽车站|| Inter-city bus station急救站|| First aid station客轮码头|| Passenger quay餐饮|| Restaurant汽修|| Breakdown service洗车|| Vehicle cleaning加油站|| Filling station|| Telephone轮渡|| Ferry爬坡车道|| Climbing lane追尾危险|| Rear-end collisiondanger保持车距|| Keep space道路交通信息|| Traffic information路面结冰|| Icy pavement小心路滑|| Slippery road be careful陡坡慢行|| Steepdescent,slow-down多雾路段|| Foggy section软基路段|| Weak subgrade大型车靠右|| Oversize vehicle toright注意横风|| Alert to cross wind事故多发点|| Blackspot保护动物|| Protect animal长下坡慢行|| Longdescent,slow-down道路封闭|| Road closed车道封闭|| Lane closed车辆慢行|| Slow down道路施工|| Road construction,Roadworks车辆绕行|| Vehicle by-pass方向引导|| Direction guide落石|| Falling rocks双向交通|| Two-way traffic其他危险|| Other dangers道路或车道变窄|| Carriagewaynarrows堤坝路|| Embankment road限制高度|| Limited height限制宽度|| Limited width禁鸣喇叭|| Silence(No audiblewarning)渡船|| Ferry boat此路不通|| No through road中英对照医学名词医学名词Medical Terminology过敏Allergy健康诊断Gernral Check-upPhysical Examination检查Examination入院Admission to Hospotial退院Discharge from Hospital病症Symptom营养Nutrition病例Clinical History诊断Diagnosis治疗Treatment预防Prevention呼吸Respiration便通Bowel Movement便Stool血液Blood脉搏Pulse, Pulsation尿Urine脉搏数Pulse Rate血型Blood Type血压Blood Pressure麻醉Anesthesia全身麻醉General Anesthesia静脉麻醉Intravenous Anesthesia脊椎麻醉Spinal Anesthesia局部麻醉Local Anesthesia手术Operation切除Resectionlie副作用Side Effect洗净Irrigation注射InjectionX光X-Ray红外线Ultra Red-Ray慢性的Chronic急性的Acute体格Build亲戚Relative遗传Heredity免疫Immunity血清Serum流行性的Epidemic潜伏期Incubation Period滤过性病毒Virus消毒Sterilization抗生素Antibiotic脑波E.E.G洗肠Enema结核反映Tuberculin Reaction华氏Fahrenheit摄氏Celsius, Centigrade中英对照商标术语世界贸易组织?WTO? WORLDTRADE ORGANIZATION关税及贸易总协定?GATT?GENERAL AGREEMENT ONTARIFFS AND TRADE亚太经济合作组织?APEC? ASIAPACIFIC ECONOMICCOOPERATION与贸易有关的知识产权协议?TRIPS?AGREEMENT ON TRADERELATED ASPECTS OFINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYRIGHTS世界知识产权组织?WIPO? WORLDINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYORGANIZATION保护知识产权联合国际局INTERNATIONAL BOARD OFINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYRIGHT保护工业产权巴黎公约PARISCONVENTION FOR THEPROTECTION OF INDUSTRIALPROPERTY商标国际注册马德里协定MADRID AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION OF MARKS商标注册条约?TRT? TRADE MARK REGISTRATION TREATY商标注册用商品与国际分类尼斯协定NICE AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF GOODS AND SERVICES FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE REGISTRATION OF MARKS建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定VIENNA AGREEMENT FOR ESTABLISHING AND INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE FIGURATIVE ELEMENTS OF MARKS专利合作条约?PCT? PATENT CO－OPERATION TREATY共同体专利公约COMMUNITY 产PATENT CONVENTION斯特拉斯堡协定?SA? STRASBOURG AGREEMENT 工业外观设计国际保存海牙协定THE HAGUE AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL DEPOSIT OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS工业外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定LOCARNO AGREEMENT ONESTABLISHING ANDINTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATION FORINDUSTRIAL DESIGNS商标，外观设计与地理标记法律常设委员会〔SCT〕STANDINGCOMMITTEE ON THE LAWOF TRADEMARKS，INDUSTRIALDESIGN ANDGEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION国际专利文献中心?INPADOC?INTERNATIONAL PATENTDOCUMENTATION CENTER欧洲专利局?EPO? EUROPEANPATENT OFFICE欧洲专利公约EUROPEANPATENT CONVENTION比荷卢商标局TRADE MARKOFFICE OF BELGIUM－HOLLAND－LUXEMBURG法语非洲知识产权组织ORGANIZATION OF AFRICANINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY国际商标协会THEINTERNATIONAL TRADEMARKASSOCIATION中华人民共和国商标法TRADEMARK LAW OF THEPEOPLES REPUBLIC OFCHINA英国商标法TRADEMARKLAW OF UNITED KINGDOMOF GREAT BRITAIN ANDNORTHERN IRELAND美国商标法TRADEMARKLAW OF THE UNITEDSTATES OF AMERICA日本商标法JAPANESETRADEMARK LAW商标TRADE MARK商标局TRADE MARKOFFICCE商标法TRADEMARK LAW文字商标WORD MARK图形商标FIGURATIVEMARK组合商标ASSOCIATEDMARK保证商标CERTIFICATIONMARK集体商标COLLECTIVEMARK著名商标WELL－KNOWNMARK著名商标FAMOUYS MARK近似商标SIMILAR MARK防御商标DEFENSIVEMARK效劳标记SERVICE MARK注册商标REGISTEREDMARK商标注册申请人TRADEMARK REGISTRANT注册申请日APPLICATIONDATE OF TRADE MARK注册申请号APPLICATIONNUMBER商标注册证TRADE MARKREGISTRATION CERTIFICATE商标注册号TRADE MARKREGISTRATION NUMBER商标注册日TRADE MARKREGISTRATION DATE商标注册簿TRADE MARKREGISTERED BOOK注册有效期THE TERM OFVALIDITY商标注册官EXAMINATIONFOR TRADE MARKREGISTRATION注册查询TRADE MARKENQUIRIES注册续展RENEWAL OFTRADE MARK分别申请SEPARATEAPPLICATION重新申请NEWREGISTRATION别行申请NEWAPPLICATION变更申请APPLICATIONREGARDING CHANGES注册代理TRADE MARKAGENCY注册公告TRADE MARKPUBLICATION申请注册APPLICATION FORREGISTRATION续展注册RENEWAL OFREGISTRATION转让注册REGISTRATIONOF ASSIGNMENT变更注册人名义／地址／其它注册事项MODIFICATION OFNAME／ADDRESS OFREGISTRANT／OTHERMATTERS补发商标证书REISSUANCEOF REGISTRATIONCERTIFICATE注销注册商标REMOVAL证明CERTIFICATION异议OPPOSITION使用许可合同备案RECORDALOF LICENSE CONTRACT驳回商标复审REVIEW OFREFUSED TRADEMARK驳回续展复审REVIEW OFREFUSED RENEWAL驳回转让复审REVIEW OFREFUSED ASSIGNMENT撤销商标复审REVIEW OFADJUDICATION ONOPPOSITION异议复审REVIEW OFADJUDICATION ONOPPOSITION争议裁定ADJUDICATIONON DISPUTED REGISTEREDTRADEMARK撤销注册不当裁定ADJUDICATION ONCANCELLATION OFIMPROPERLY REGISTEREDTRADEMARK撤销注册不当复审REVIEWON CANCELLATION OFIMPROPERLY REGISTEREDTRADEMARK处理商标纠纷案件DEALINGWITH INFRINGEMENT优先权PRIORITY注册申请优先日DATE OFPRIORITY注册商标使用人USER OFREGISTERED TRADE MARK注册商标专用权EXCLUSIVERIGHT TO USE REGISTEREDTRADE MARK注册商标的转让ASSIGNMENTOF REGISTERED TRADEMARK商标的许可使用LICENSINGOF REGISTERED TRADEMARK使用在先原那么PRINCIPLEOF FIRST TO USE注册在先原那么PRINCIPLEOF FIRST APPLICATION商标国际分类INTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATION OF GOODS专利PATENT专利权PATENT RIGHT专利权人PATENTEE专利代理PATENT AGENCY产品专利PRODUCTPATENT。
公路工程名词术语中英文对照11
separate grade crossing 互通式立体交叉 Interchange 目蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange
部分目蓿叶形立体交叉 cloverleaf interchange
菱形立体交叉 diamond interchange 定向式立体交叉 directional interchange
拓宽路口式交叉口 flared intersection
交通岛traffic island 导流岛 channelization island 中心岛central island 安全岛 refuge island 沿线设施 roadside facilities 交通安全设施 traffic safety device 人行横道 crosswalk
干线公路 arterial highway 支线公路 feeder highway 专用公路 accommodate highway 国家干线公路（国道） national trunk highway.
省highway
县公路（县道） county road 乡公路（乡道） township road 辐射式公路 radial highway 环形公路 ring highway 绕行公路 bypass 交通结构 traffic structure 交通组成 traffic composition 混合交通 mixed traffic 交通流 traffic flow
年第30 位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume 年最大小时交通量 maximum annual hourly volume
设计小时交通量design hourly volume 通行能力 traffic capacity
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准第2.1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1.2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.3条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第2.1.5条林区道路forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8条道路网road network在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2.1.9条道路(网)密度density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2.1.10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1.11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2.1.12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2.1.13条计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
道路工程常用语英文
道路第一节一般规定第2.1.1 条道路road 供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1.2 条公路highway 联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.3 条城市道路city road ；urban road 在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.4 条厂矿道路factories and mines road 主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第2.1.5 条林区道路forest road 建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6 条乡村道路country road 建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.7 条道路工程road engineering 以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8 条道路网road metwork 在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2.1.9 条道路（网）密度density of road network 在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2.1.10 条道路技术标准technical standard of road 根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1.11 条设计车辆design vehicle 道路设计所采用的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2.1.12 条特种车辆special vehicle 外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2.1.13 条计算行车速度（设计车速） design speed 道路几何设计（包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等）所采用的行车速度。
公路工程英语词汇(收藏版)
abrasiveness磨耗度absolute datum绝对基面abutment桥台abutment pier制动墩acceleration lane加速车道accidental load偶然荷载accommodation lane专用车道acoustic barrier隔音墙acting circles of blasting爆破作用圈additional stake加桩adjacent curve in one direction同向曲线admixture外加剂adverse grade for safety反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerophoto base航摄基线aerophoto interpretation航摄像片判读ageing老化aggregate集料(骨料)air hardening气硬性alignment design(城市道路)平面设计，线形设计alignment element线形要素alligator cracking路面龟裂allowable rebound deflection容许(回弹)弯沉alternative line比较线anchored bulkhead abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead retaining wall锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods锚杆式挡土墙anionic emulsified bitumen阴离子乳化沥青annual average daily traffic年平均日交通量anti-creep heap(厂矿道路)挡车堆anti-dizzling screen防炫屏(遮光栅)antiskid heap(厂矿道路)防滑堆approach span引桥aquitard隔水层arch bridge拱桥arch culvert拱涵arch ring拱圈arterial highway干线公路arterial road(厂内)主干道，(城市)主干路asphalt distributor沥青洒布车asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt paver沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt sand沥青砂asphalt sprayer沥青洒布机asphaltic bitumen地沥青at-grade intersection平面交叉auxiliary lane附加车道average consistency(of soil)(土的)平均稠度average gradient平均纵坡azimuth angle方位角balance weight retaining wall衡重式挡土墙base course基层base line基线basic traffic capacity基本通行能力beam bridge梁桥beam level deflectometer杠杆弯沉仪bearing支座bearing angle象限角bearing pile支承桩bearing platform承台bed course垫层bench mark水准点benched subgrade台口式路基bending strength抗弯强度Benkelman beam杠杆弯沉仪(贝克曼弯沉仪) bent cap盖梁berm护坡道binder结合料binder course联结层bitumell沥青bitumen extractor(沥青混合料)抽提仪bitumen-aggregate ratio油石比bituminous concrete mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous macadam mixture沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam pavement沥青碎石路面bituminous mixture沥青混合料bituminous pavement沥青路面bituminous penetration pavement沥青贯入式路面bituminous surface treatment(沥青)表面处治blasting crater爆破漏斗blasting for loosening rock松动爆破blasting for throwing rock抛掷爆破blasting procedure土石方爆破bleeding泛油blind ditch盲沟blind drain盲沟block pavement块为路面block stone块石blow up拱胀boring钻探boring log(道路)地质柱状图boring machine钻孔机borrow earth借土borrow pit取土坑boundary frame on crossing道口限界架boundary frame on road道路限界架boundary line of road construction道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge系杆拱桥box culvert箱涵branch pipe of inlet雨水口支管branch road(城市)支路，(厂内)支道bridge桥梁bridge decking桥面系bridge deck pavement桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation 桥面伸缩装置bridge girder erection equipment架桥机bridge on slope坡桥bridge site桥位bridge road驮道broken chainage断链broken stone碎石broken back curve断背曲线buried abutment埋置式桥台bus bay公交(车辆)停靠站bypass公交绕行公路cable bent tower索塔cable saddle索鞍cable stayed bridge斜拉桥(斜张桥)cableway erecting equipment缆索吊装设备california bearing ratio(CBR)加州承载比(CBR) california bearing ratio tester加州承载比(CBR)测定仪camber curve路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙capacity of intersection交叉口通行能力capacity of network路网通行能力capillary water毛细水carriage way车行道(行车道)cast-in-place cantilever method悬臂浇筑法cationic emulsified bitumen阳离子乳化沥青cattle-pass畜力车道cement concrete水泥混凝土cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete pavement水泥混凝土路面center-island中心岛center lane中间车道center line of road道路中线center line survey中线测量center stake中桩central reserve分隔带channelization渠化交通channelization island导流岛channelized intersection分道转弯式交叉口chip石屑chute急流槽circular curve圆曲线circular road环路circular test环道试验city road城市道路civil engineering fabric土工织物classified highway等级公路classified road等级道路clay-bound macadam泥结碎石路面clearance净空clearance above bridge floor桥面净空clearance of span桥下净空climatic zoning for highway公路自然区划climbing lane爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar煤沥青cobble stone卵石coefficient of scouring冲刷系数cohesive soil粘性土cold laid method冷铺法cold mixing method冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar冷拉钢筋column pier柱式墩combination-type road system混合式道路系统compaction压实compaction test击实试验compaction test apparatus击实仪compactness test压实度试验composite beam bridge联合梁桥composite pipe line综合管道(综合管廊) compound curve复曲线concave vertical curve凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner(水泥混凝土)路面清缝机concrete joint sealer(水泥混凝土)路面填缝机concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土(混合料)拌和设备concrete paver水泥混凝土(混合料)摊铺机concrete pump水泥混凝土(混合料)泵concrete saw(水泥混凝土)路面锯缝机cone penetration test触探试验conflict point冲突点conical slope锥坡consistency limit(of soil)(土的)稠度界限consolidated subsoil加固地基consolidation固结construction by swing转体架桥法construction height of bridge桥梁建筑高度construction joint施工缝construction load施工荷载construction survey施工测量continuous beam bridge连续梁桥contour line等高线contraction joint缩缝control point路线控制点converging合流convex vertical curve凸形竖曲线corduroy road木排道counterfort retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort abutment扶壁式桥台country road乡村道路county road县公路(县道)，乡道creep徐变critical speed临界速度cross roads十字形交叉cross slope横坡cross walk人行横道cross-sectional profile横断面图cross-sectional survey横断面测量crown路拱crushed stone碎石crushing strength压碎值culture地物culvert涵洞curb路缘石curb side strip路侧带curve length曲线长curve widening平曲线加宽curved bridge弯桥cut挖方cut corner for sight line(路口)截角cut-fill transition土方调配cut-fill transition program土方调配图cutting路堑cycle path自行车道cycle track自行车道deceleration lane减速车道deck bridge上承式桥deflection angle偏角deflection test弯沉试验degree of compaction压实度delay延误density of road network道路(网)密度depth of tunnel隧道埋深design elevation of subgrade路基设计高程design frequency(排水)设计重现期design hourly volume设计小时交通量design of elevation(城市道路)竖向设计design of vertical alignment纵断面设计design speed计算行车速度(设计车速)design traffic capacity设计通行能力design vehicle设计车辆design water level设计水位designed elevation设计高程designed flood frequency设计洪水频率dislicking treatment防滑处理Deval abrasion testing machine狄法尔磨耗试验机(双筒式磨耗试验机)diamond interchange菱形立体交叉differential photo微分法测图direction angle方向角directional interchange方向式立体交叉diverging分流dowel bar传力杆drain opening泄水口drainage by pumping station(立体交叉)泵站排水drainage ditch排水沟dressed stone料石drop water跌水dry concrete干硬性混凝土ductility(of bitumen)(沥青)延度ductilometer(沥青)延度仪dummy joint假缝dynamic consolidation强夯法economic speed经济车速economical hauling distance土方调配经济运距element support构件支撑elevation高程(标高)embankment路堤emergency parking strip紧急停车带emulsified bitumen乳化沥青erecting by floating浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion悬臂拼装法erection with cableway缆索吊装法evaporation pond蒸发池expansion bearing活动支座expansive soil膨胀土expantion joint胀缝expressway(城市)快速路external distance外(矢)距fabricated bridge装配式桥fabricated steel bridge装拆式钢桥factories and mines road厂矿道路factory external transportation line对外道路factory-in road厂内道路factory-out road厂外道路fast lane内侧车道faulting of slab ends错台feeder highway支线公路ferry渡口fibrous concrete纤维混凝土field of vision视野fill填方filled spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥final survey竣工测量fineness细度fineness modulus细度模数fixed bearing固定支座flare wing wall abutment八字形桥台flared intersection拓宽路口式交叉口flash point闪点flash point tester(open cup method)闪点仪(开口杯式) flexible pavement柔性路面flexibie pier柔性墩floor system桥面系flush curb平缘石foot way人道道ford过水路面forest highway林区公路forest road林区道路foundation基础free style road system自由式道路系统free way高速公路free-flow speed自由车速freeze road冻板道路freezing and thawing test冻融试验frost boiling翻浆frozen soil冻土full depth asphalt pavement全厚式沥青(混凝土)路面function planting功能栽植general scour under bridge opening桥下一般冲刷geological section(道路)地质剖面图geotextile土工织物gradation级配gradation of stone(路用)石料等级grade change point变坡点grade compensation纵坡折减grade crossing平面交叉grade length limitation坡长限制grade of side slope边坡坡度grade separation简单立体交叉grade-separated junction立体交叉graded aggregate pavement级配路面grader平地机grain composition颗粒组成granular material粒料gravel砾石gravity pier(abutment)重力式墩、台gravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙green belt绿化带gridiron road system棋盘式道路系统ground control-point survey地面控制点测量ground elevation地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry地面立体摄影测量guard post标柱guard rail护栏guard wall护墙gully雨水口gutter街沟(偏沟)gutter apron平石gutter drainage渠道排水half-through bridge中承式桥hard shoulder硬路肩hardening硬化hardness硬度haul road运材道路heavy maintenance大修hectometer stake百米桩hedge绿篱height of cut and fill at center stake中桩填挖高度high strength bolt高强螺栓high type pavement高级路面highway公路highway landscape design公路景观设计hill-side line山坡线(山腰线)hilly terrain重丘区horizontal alignment平面线形horizontal curve平曲线hot laid method热铺法hot mixing method热拌法hot stability(of bitumen)(沥青)热稳性hydraulic computation水力计算hydraulicity水硬性imaginary intersection point虚交点immersed tunnelling method沉埋法inbound traffic入境交通incremental launching method顶推法industrial district road工业区道路industrial solid waste(路用)工业废渣industrial waste base course工业废渣基层inlet雨水口inlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert无压力式涵洞inorganic binder无机结合料instrument station测站intensity of rainstorm暴雨强度intercepting ditch截水沟interchange互通式立体交叉interchange with special bicycle track分隔式立体交叉intermediate maintenance中修intermediate type pavement中级路面intersection(平面)交叉口intersection angle交叉角，转角intersection entrance交叉口进口intersection exit交叉口出口intersection plan交叉口平面图intersection point交点intersection with widened corners加宽转角式交叉口jack-in method顶入法kilometer stone里程碑land slide坍方lane车道lane-width车道宽度lateral clear distance of curve(平曲线)横净距lay-by紧急停车带level of service道路服务水平leveling course整平层leveling survey水准测量light-weight concrete轻质混凝土lighting facilities of road道路照明设施lime pile石灰桩line development展线linking-up road联络线、连接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen液体沥青liquid limit液限living fence绿篱load荷载loading berm反压护道loading combinations荷载组合loading plate承载板loading plate test承载板试验local scour near pier桥墩局部冲刷local traffic境内交通location of line定线location survey定测lock bolt support with shotcrete喷锚支护loess黄土longitudinal beam纵梁longitudinal gradient纵坡longitudinal joint纵缝loop ramp环形匝道Los Angeles abrasion testing machine洛杉面磨耗试验机(搁板式磨耗试验机)low type pavement低级路面main beam主梁main bridge主桥maintenance养护maintenance period大中修周期manhole检查井marginal strip路缘带Marshall stability apparatus马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability test马歇尔试验masonry bridge圬工桥maximum annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum dry unit weight(标准)最大干密度maximum longitudinal gradient最大纵坡mine tunnelling method矿山法mineral aggregate矿料mineral powder矿粉mini-roundabout微形环交minimum height of fill(路基)最小填土高度minimum longitudinal gradient最小纵坡minimum radius of horizontal curve最小平曲线半径minimum turning radius汽车最小转弯半径mixed traffic混合交通mixing method拌和法mixture混合料model split交通方式划分modulus of elasticity弹性模量modulus of resilience回弹模量modulus ratio模量比monthly average daily traffic月平均日交通量motor way高速公路mountainous terrain山岭区movable bridge开启桥mud淤泥multiple-leg intersection多岔交叉national trunk highway国家干线公路(国道)natural asphalt天然沥青natural scour自然演变冲刷natural subsoil天然地基navigable water level通航水位nearside lane外侧车道net-shaped cracking路面网裂New Austrian Tunnelling Method新奥法observation point测点one-way ramp单向匝道open cut method明挖法open cut tunnel明洞open spandrel arch bridge空腹拱桥opencast mine road露天矿山道路operating speed运行速度optimum gradation最佳级配optimum moisture content最佳含水量optimum speed临界速度organic binder有机结合料origin-destination study起迄点调查outbound traffic出境交通outled submerged culvert压力式涵洞outlet inlet main road城市出入干道overall speed区间速度overlay of pavement罩面overpass grade separation上跨铁路立体交叉overtaking lane超车车道overtaking sight distance超车视距paper location纸上定线paraffin content test含蜡量试验parent soil原状土parking lane停车车道parking lot停车场parking station公交(车辆)停靠站part-put part-fill subgrade半填半挖式路基pass垭口passing bay错车道patrol maintenance巡回养护paved crossing道口铺面pavement路面pavement depression路面沉陷pavement recapping路面翻修pavement slab pumping路面板唧泥pavement spalling路面碎裂pavement strengthening路面补强pavement structure layer路面结构层pavemill路面铣削机(刨路机)peak hourly volume高峰小时交通量pedestrian overcrossing人行天桥pedestrian underpass人行地道penetration macadam with coated chips上拌下贯式(沥青)路面penetration method贯入法penetration test apparatus长杆贯入仪penetration(of bitumen)(沥青)针入度penetrometer(沥青)针入度仪periodical maintenance定期养护permafrost多年冻土permanent load永久荷载perviousness test透水度试验petroleum asphaltic bitumen石油沥青photo index像片索引图(镶辑复照图)photo mosaic像片镶嵌图photogrammetry摄影测量photographic map影像地图pier桥墩pile and plank retaining wall柱板式挡土墙pile bent pier排架桩墩pile driver打桩机pipe culvert管涵pipe drainage管道排水pit test坑探pitching method铺砌法plain stage of slope边坡平台plain terrain平原区plan view(路线)平面图plane design(城市道路)平面设计plane sketch(道路)平面示意图planimetric photo综合法测图plant mixing method厂拌法plastic limit塑限plasticity index塑性指数poisson's ratio泊松比polished stone value石料磨光值pontoon bridge浮桥porosity空隙率portable pendulum tester摆式仪possible traffic capacity可能通行能力post-tensioning method后张法pot holes路面坑槽preliminary survey初测preloading method预压法prestressed concrete预应力混凝土prestressed concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed steel bar drawing jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶pretensioning method先张法prime coat透层productive arterial road生产干线productive branch road生产支线profile design纵断面设计profilometer路面平整度测定仪proportioning of cement concrete水泥混凝土配合比protection forest fire-proof road护林防火道路provincial trunk highway省干线公路(省道)railroad grade crossing(铁路)道口ramp匝道rebound deflection回弹弯沉reclaimed asphalt mixture再生沥青混合料reclaimed bituminous pavement再生沥青路面reconnaissance踏勘red clay红粘土reference stake护桩reflection crack反射裂缝refuge island安全岛regulating structure调治构造物reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete pavement钢筋混凝土路面reinforced earth retaining wall加筋土挡土墙relative moisture content(of soil)(土的)相对含水量relief road辅道residential street居住区道路resultant gradient合成坡度retaining wall挡土墙revelling of pavement路面松散reverse curve反向曲线reverse loop回头曲线ridge crossing line越岭线ridge line山脊线right bridge正交桥right bridge正桥rigid frame bridge刚构桥rigid pavement刚性路面rigid-type base刚性基层ring and radial road system环形辐射式道路系统ripper松土机riprap抛石road道路road alignment道路线形road appearance路容road area per citizen(城市)人均道路面积road area ratio(城市)道路面积率road axis道路轴线road bed路床road bitumen路用沥青road condition路况road condition survey路况调查road crossing(平面)交叉口road crossing design交叉口设计road engineering道路工程road feasibility study(道路工程)可行性研究road improvement改善工程road intersection道路交叉(路线交叉) road mixing method路拌法road network道路网road network planning道路网规划road planting道路绿化road project(道路工程)方案图road trough路槽road way路幅rock breaker凿岩机rock filled gabion石笼roller压路机rolled cement concrete碾压式水泥混凝土rolling terrain微丘区rotary interchange环形立体交叉rotary intersection环形交叉roundabout环形交叉route development展线route of road道路路线route selection选线routine maintenance小修保养rubble片石running speed行驶速度rural road郊区道路saddle back垭口safety belt安全带safety fence防护栅salty soil盐渍土sand砂sand drain(sand pile)砂井sand gravel砂砾sand hazard沙害sand mat of subgrade排水砂垫层sand patch test铺砂试验sand pile砂桩sand protection facilities防沙设施sand ratio砂率sand sweeping回砂sand sweeping equipment回砂机sandy soil砂性土saturated soil饱和土scraper铲运机seal coat封层secondary trunk road(厂内)次干道，(城市)次干路seepage well渗水井segregation离析semi-rigid type base半刚性基层separate facilities分隔设施separator分隔带sheep-foot roll羊足压路机(羊足碾)shelter belt护路林shield盾构(盾构挖掘机)shield tunnelling method盾构法shoulder路肩shrinkage limit缩限side ditch边沟side slope边坡side walk人行道sieve analysis筛分sight distance视距sight distance of intersection路口视距sight line视线sight triangle视距三角形silty soil粉性土simple supported beam bridge简支梁桥single direction thirsted pier单向推力墩single-size aggregat同粒径集料siphon culvert倒虹涵skew bridge斜交桥skew bridge斜桥skid road集材道路slab bridge板桥slab culvert盖板涵slab staggering错位slide滑坡slope protection护坡slump坍落度snow hazard雪害snow plough除雪机snow protection facilities防雪设施soft ground软弱地基soft soil软土softening point tester(ring ball method)(沥青)软化点仪(环—球法)softening point(of bitumen)(沥青)软化点solubility(of bitumen)(沥青)溶解度space headway车头间距space mean speed空间平均速度span跨径span by span method移动支架逐跨施工法spandrel arch腹拱spandrel structure拱上结构special vehicle特种车辆speed-change lane变速车道splitting test劈裂试验spot speed点速度spreading in layers层铺法springing弹簧现象stabilizer稳定土拌和机stabilized soil base course稳定土基层stage for heaping soil and broken rock碎落台staggered junction错位交叉standard axial loading标准轴截steel bar heading press machine钢筋冷墩机steel bridge钢桥steel extention machine钢筋拉伸机stiffness modulus劲度stone coating test石料裹覆试验stone crusher碎石机stone spreader碎石撒布机stopping sight distance停车视距stopping truck heap(厂矿道路)阻车堤street街道street drainage街道排水street planting街道绿化street trees行道树strengthening layer补强层strengthening of structure加固stringer纵梁striping test for aggregate集料剥落试验structural approach limit of tunnel隧道建筑限界sub-high type pavement次高级路面subgrade路基subgrade drainage路基排水submersible bridge漫水桥subsidence沉陷subsoil地基substucture下部结构superelevation超高superelevation runoff超高缓和段superstructure上部结构supported type abutment支撑式桥台surface course面层surface evenness路面平整度surface frost heave路面冻胀surface permeameter路面透水度测定仪surface roughness路面粗糙度surface slipperinness路面滑溜surface water地表水surface-curvature apparatus路面曲率半径测定仪surrounding rock围岩suspension bridge悬索桥switch-back curve回头曲线T intersection丁字形交叉(T形交叉)T-shaped rigid frame bridge〓T形刚构桥tack coat粘层tangent length切线长tar焦油沥青technical standard of road道路技术标准Telford锥形块石Telford base(锥形)块石基层terrace台地thermal insulation berm保温护道thermal insulation course隔温层thirtieth highest annual hourly volume年第30位最大小时交通量through bridge下承式桥through traffic过境交通tie bar拉杆timber bridge木桥time headway车头时距time mean speed时间平均速度toe of slope(边)坡脚tongue and groove joint企口缝top of slope(边)坡顶topographic feature地貌topographic map地形图topographic survey地形测量topography地形township road乡公路(乡道)traffic assignment交通量分配traffic capacity通行能力traffic composition交通组成traffic density交通密度traffic distribution交通分布traffic flow交通流traffic generation交通发生traffic island交通岛traffic mirror道路反光镜traffic planning道路交通规划traffic safety device交通安全设施traffic square交通广场traffic stream车流traffic survey交通调查traffic volume交通量traffic volume observation station交通量观测站traffic volume prognosis交通量预测traffic volume survey交通量调查transition curve缓和曲线transition slab at bridge head桥头搭板transition zone of cross section断面渐变段transition zone of curve widening加宽缓和段transitional gradient缓和坡段transverse beam横梁transverse joint横缝traverse导线traverse survey导线测量trencher挖沟机triaxial test三轴试验trip出行true joint真缝trumpet interchange喇叭形立体交叉trunk highway干线公路truss bridge桁架桥tunnel(道路)隧道tunnel boring machine隧道掘进机tunnel lining衬砌tunnel portal洞门tunnel support隧道支撑turnaround loop回车道，回车场turning point转点two-way curved arch bridge双曲拱桥two-way ramp双向匝道type of dry and damp soil base土基干湿类型U-shaped abutment〓U形桥台under-ground pipes comprehensive design管线综合设计underground water地下水underground water level地下水位underpass grade separation下穿铁路立体交叉universal photo全能法测图urban road城市道路valley line沿溪线variable load可变荷载vehicle stream车流vehicular gap车(辆)间净距verge路肩vertical alignment纵面线形vertical curb立缘石(侧石)vertical curve竖曲线vertical profile map(路线)纵断面图viameter路面平整度测定仪vibratory roller振动压路机viscosimeter(沥青)粘度仪viscosity(of bitumen)(沥青)粘(滞)度void ratio孔隙比washout水毁waste弃土waste bank弃土堆water cement ratio水灰比water content含水量water level水位water reducing agent减水剂water stability水稳性water-bound macadam水结碎石路面wearing course磨耗层weaving交织weaving point交织点weaving section交织路段wheel tracking test车辙试验width of subgrade路基宽度workability和易性Y intersection〓Y形交叉_。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准第2。
1。
1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等.第2.1.2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2。
1。
3条城市道路city road;urban road在城市范围内,供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路.第2.1。
5条林区道路forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路.第2。
1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路.第2。
1。
7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2。
1.8条道路网road network在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网.第2.1.9条道路(网）密度density of road network在一定区域内,道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2。
1。
10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件,确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定.第2。
1。
11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型,以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2。
1.12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2。
1.13条计算行车速度(设计车速）design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准中英文对照----------专专最好文～专专专服专～急所急～供所需档你你你-------------文下专最佳的地方档道路工程专专专准第2.1.1条道路 road供各专专专和行人等通行的工程专施。
按其使用特点分专公路、城市道路、专道厂路、林道路及专村道路等。
区第2.1.2条公路 highway专专城市、专村～主要供汽专行专的具专一定技专件和专施的道路。
条第2.1.3条城市道路 city road～urban road 在城市范专～供专专及行人通行的具专一定技专件和专施的道路。
内条第2.1.4条厂专道路 factories and mines road 主要供工、专山专专专通行的道路。
厂运第2.1.5条区林道路 forest road建在林～主要供各专林专专工具通行的道路。
区运第2.1.6条专村道路 country road建在专村、专专～主要供行人及各专专专专工具通行的道路。
运第2.1.7条道路工程 road engineering 以道路专专象而专行的专、勘专、专专、施工等技专活专的全专程及其所事的工程专。
划从体第2.1.8条网道路 road network在一定域～由各专道路专成的相互专专、交专成分布的道路系专。
全部由各区内网状专公路专成的公路。
在城市范专由各专道路专成的城市道路。
称网内称网第2.1.9条道路(网)密度 density of road network 在一定域～道路的专里程专专域面专的比专。
区内网与区第2.1.10条道路技专专准 technical standard of road根据道路的性专、交通量及其所专地点的自然件～定道路专到的各专技专指条确达专和专定。
第2.1.11条专专专专 design vehicle道路专专所采用的汽专专型～以其外廓尺寸、重量、专特性等特征作专道路专专的依运据。
第2.1.12条特专专专 special vehicle 外廓尺寸、重量等方面超专专专专专限界的及特殊用途的专专。
公路工程施工专业英语词汇
公路工程施工专业英语词汇公路桥梁Ganger 工长Skilled labour 技工Operator for heavy...重型设备操作工Welder 焊工Propel 推进驱动Concrete mixer 混凝土搅拌机Stone crushing plant 破碎系统Asphalt plant 沥青系统Grader 平地机In figures 小写In words 大写Bitumen 沥青柏油Bitumen distributor 沥青撒布工Portable pump 手提式泵Diameter 直径semi diameter Excavator/backhoe 反铲Welding machine 焊机Cement 水泥Aggregate 骨料Earth works 土石方工程Clearing and grubbing 清理Cutting and removal of tree 移植Unsuitable material 不合格料Disposal 处置Stockpile 储备堆放Back fill 回填Cladding layer 覆盖层Girth 周长围长Borrow pit in arranged land 借土Swamp 沼泽湿地Sub-grade works 路基工程improved sub-grade 路基改善Fine aggregate 细骨料1st class bricks 1级砖Dismantle portions 拆除部分Brick Masonry 砖砌结构Pavement works 路面工程Repair of Pothole 坑洼坑洞修补Milling of exiting pavement 刨除现有路面Sub-base 底基层Bituminous Prime Coat 沥青透层Bituminous Tack Coat 沥青粘结层Wearing Course 磨耗层Base Course 基层Sole agent 独家代理Bored piles 钻孔灌注桩Plug 插头塞住Carry out 执行Load test 荷载测试Pilot 飞行员试点的Strain 张力拉紧Dynamic 应变力lateral load 侧向荷载Grade beam 地基梁Flyover 天桥立交桥Culvert 涵洞Pier 桥墩码头Pedestal 底座基座Superstructure 上部结构Sub structure 下部结构Box girder 箱梁Crane girder 吊车梁Pres tress 预应力Strand 线串prestressing strands Expansion joint 伸缩缝Seal 封闭strip sealElastic 弹性的松紧带Bearing of bridge 支座Friction 摩擦Slab 板Incidental 附带的杂项Catch pit 积水坑Bedding 垫层mortar bedding 砂浆垫层Kerb 路缘石Gutter 排水沟Fiber 纤维Filter 过滤Crash barrier 防撞栏Triangle traffic signs 三角交通标志round Aluminum 铝铝的Plaster 石膏Hook 挂钩钩住Tile 瓷砖瓦片White washing 刷白Polish 抛光Lime 石灰Panel （仪表/控制）面板小组Stainless steel 不锈钢Rusty 生锈的Copper 铜Sensor device 感言装置Sanitary 卫生的Oriental 东方的Commode 马桶洗脸台wash basinFuse 融合熔断保险丝Arrester 避雷器lightning protectionCircuit breaker 断路器Blade 叶片Exhaust 排出排气使精疲力尽Split 分开分离劈开Slot 插槽Laboratory 试验室Road base 路基Gravel 碎石Bank guarantee 银行保函unlimited competitive open biding 公开招标security company 担保公司payment guarantee 支付保函cost plan 成本计划client′s requirements业主要求offer 报价quotationbid evaluation 评标Audit 审核review commentDefect 缺陷preventive action 预防措施Bearing platform 承台Bench mark 水准点Bending strength 抗弯强度Bent cap 盖梁Annual average daily traffic 年平均日交通量Aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量Admixture 外加剂Abutment 桥台Bituminous surface treatment 沥青表处Toll system 收费系统Traffic flow 交通流量traffic volume Cumulative toll revenue 累计收费Toll station 收费站Toll rate 收费标准Adjustment for toll rate 收费调整Preference 优先偏爱GDP growth forecast 经济增长预测Historic economic statistic （record）历史经济数据Daily record 日报表Traffic survey 交通调查Traffic composition 交通组成Traffic density 交通密度Peak（design） hourly volume 高峰（设计）小时交通量Base year 基年Planned road network 规划路网Parallel road 平行路网Base/optimistic/conservative case 基本/乐观/保守方案。
公路工程专业词汇翻译(汉英)
公路highway道路road公路工程highway engineering公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路等级highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公路用地highway right-of-way高速公路freeway等级公路classified highway辅导relief road干线公路arterial highway支线公路feeder highway专用公路accomodation highway国家干线公路(国道) national trunk highway省级干线公路（省道）provincial trunk highway 县公路（县道) county road乡公路（乡道) township road辐射式公路radial highway环形公路ring highway绕行公路bypass交通结构traffic structure交通组成traffic composition混合交通mixed traffic交通流traffic flow交通流理论traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度traffic density车头间距space headway车头时距time headway车间净距vehicular gap延误delay地点速度spot speed行驶速度running speed运行速度poerating speed临界速度critical speed平均速度average speed计算行车速度（设计车速）design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic 年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annualhourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力traffic capacity基本通行能力basic traffic capacity可能通行能力possible traffic capacity设计通行能力design traffic capacity 道路服务水平level of service公路交通规划traffic planning交通调查traffic survey交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volume observationstation起迄点调查（OD调查）origin-destination study 出行trip境内交通local traffic过境交通through traffic交通发生traffic generation交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通预测traffic prognosis行车道carriageway分离式行车道divided carriageway车道lane变速车道speed-change lane加速车道acceleration lane减速车道deceleration lane爬坡车道climbing lane停车道parking lane错车道turn-out lane自行车道cycle path路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带lane seperator中央分隔带median divider中间带central strip路肩shoulder;verge路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb;curb侧向余宽lateral clearance路拱camber；crown路拱横坡crown slope公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路路线highway route公路线形highway alignment平面线形horizontal alignment纵面线形vertical alignment线形要素alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius ofhorizontal curve复曲线compound curve反向曲线reverse curve断背曲线broken—back curve回头曲线switch—back curve缓和曲线transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening加宽缓和段transition zone of curve超高superelevation超高缓和段supere levation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient最大纵坡maximum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum ongitudinal gradient 变坡点grade change point平均纵坡average gradiant坡长限制grade length limitation高原纵坡拆减highland grade compensation 缓和坡段transition grading zone合成坡度resultant gradent视距sight distance停车视距non—passing sight distance；stopping sight distance超车视距passing sight distance道路交叉road intersection；道口railroad grade crossing平面交叉at—grade intersection ；grade crossing正交叉right—angle intersection斜交叉skew intersection环形交叉rotary intersection十字形交叉“+”intersectionT形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection；staggered junction Y形交叉Y intersection立体交叉grade separation分离式立体交叉simple grade separation，separate grade crossing互通式立体交叉interchange首蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange部分首蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleaf interchange菱形立体交叉diamond interchange定向式立体交叉directional interchange喇叭形立体交叉three—leg interchange环形立体交叉rotary interchange匝道ramp交叉口road crossing；intersection交叉口进口intersection entrance交叉口出口intersection exit加铺转角式交叉口intersection with widenedcorners拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection分道转弯式交叉口channelized intersection渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weaving section合流converging分流diverging 冲突点conflict point交通岛traffic island导流岛channe lization island中心岛central island安全岛refuge island沿线设施roadside facilities交通安全设施traffic safety device人行横道crosswalk人形地道pedestrian underpass人形天桥pedestrian overcrossing护栏guard fence防护栅guard fence，safety barrier 遮光栅anti-dizzling screen应急电话emergency telephone反光标志reflective sign反光路钮reflective button弯道反光镜traffic mirror道路交通标志road traffic sign警告标志warning sign禁令标志regulatory sign指示标志guide sign指路标志information sign辅助标志auxiliary sign可变信息标志changeable message sign路面标线pavement marking防雪设施snow protection facilities 防沙设施sands protection facilities 隔音墙acoustic barrier停车场parking area踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibility study线形设计highway alignment design 公路景观设计highway landscape design 选线route selection路线控制点control point定线location比较线alternative line展线line development初测preliminary survey定测location survey地貌topographie fcature地物culture地形topography台地terrace垭口pass; saddle back平原区plain terrain微丘区rolling terrain重丘区hilly terrain山岭区mountainous terrain沿溪线valley line山脊线ridge line山坡线hill—side line越岭线ridge crossing line土方调配cut—fill transition土方调配图cut-fill transition program土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance导线traverse导线测量traverse survey中线center line中线测量center line survey施工测量construction survey竣工测量final survey（路线）平面图plan交点intersection point虚交点imaginary intersection point转点turning point转角intersection angle方位角azimuth angle象限角bearing方向角direction angle切线长tangent length曲线长curve length外（矢）距external secant测站instrument station测点observation point中桩center stake加桩additional stake护桩reference stake断链broken chainage水准测量levelling survey水准点bench mark绝对基面absolute datum高程elevation地面高程ground elevation设计高程designed elevation（路线)纵断面图profile中桩填挖高度cut and fill at center stake地形测量topographic survey基线base line地形图topographic map等高线contour line横断面测量cross—sectional survey横断面图cross-section坑探pit test钻探boring摄影测量photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry地面立体摄影测量ground stereophoto grammetry 地面控制点测量ground control-point survey航摄基线aerophoto base影像地图photographic map像片索引图（镶辑复照图) photo index航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation 综合法测图planimatric photo全能法测图universal photo微分法测图differential photo像片镶嵌图photo mosaic路基subgrade路堤embankment路堑cutting半填半挖式路基part cut-partfill subgrade 台口式路基benched subgrade路基宽度width of subgrade路基设计高程design elevation of subgrade (路基）最小填土高度minimum height of fill边坡side slope边坡坡度grade of side slope（边）坡顶top of slope(边）坡脚toe of slope护坡道berm边坡平台plain stage of slope碎落台berm at the foot of cutting slope 护坡slope protection挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall横重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall柱板式挡土墙column-plate retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods 锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkhead retaining wall 石笼rock filled gabion抛石riprap路基排水subgrade drainage边沟side ditch截水沟intercepting ditch排水沟drainage ditch急流槽chute跌水drop water蒸发池evaporation pond盲沟blind drain渗水井seepage well透水路堤permeable embankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrow earth弃土waste取土坑borrow pit弃土堆waste bank回填土back—filling黄土loess软土soft soil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土salty soil膨胀土expansive soil冻土frozen soil流砂quicksand软弱地基soft ground强夯法dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道loading berm砂井sand drain路基沙垫层sand mat of subgrade压实compaction压实度degree of compaction（标准）最大干容重maximum dry unit weight 相对密实度relative density毛细水capillary water土石方爆破blasting crater抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗blasting crater松动爆破blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈acting cire les of blasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory(回弹)弯沉deflection加州承载比（CBR）California bearing ratio（CBR) 路面宽度width of pavement路槽road trough刚性路面rigid pavement柔性路面flexible pavement路面结构层pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层wearing course联结层binder course基层base course垫层bed course隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course封层seal coat透层prime coat保护层protection course补强层streng thening layer 高级路面high type pavement次高级路面sub-high type pavement中级路面intermediate type pavement 低级路面low type pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam pavement 沥青贯入碎(砾）石路面bituminous penetrationpavement沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment 块料路面block pavement石块路面stone block pavement泥结碎石路面clay-bound macadam pavement 水结碎石路面water-bound macadam pavement 级配路面graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层industrial waste base course块石基层telford base层铺法spreading in layers拌和法mixing method厂拌法plant mixing method路拌法road mixing method热拌法hot mixing method冷拌法cold mixing method贯入法penetration method铺砌法pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝expansion joint真缝true joint假缝dummy joint横缝transverse joint纵缝longitudinal joint施工缝construction joint传力杆dowel bar拉杆tie bar路面平整度surface evenness路面粗糙度surface roughness路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement 附着力adhesive force水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon桥梁bridge公路桥highway bridge公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge 人形桥pedestrian bridge跨线桥overpass bridge高架桥viaduct永久性桥permanent bridge半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge临时性桥temporary bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge钢桥steel bridge圬工桥masonry bridge木桥timber bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge弯桥curved bridge坡桥bridge on slope斜桥skew bridge正桥right bridge上承式桥deck bridge中承式桥half—through bridge下承式桥through bridge梁桥beam bridge简支梁桥simple supported team bridge 连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge联合梁桥composite beam bridge板桥slab bridge拱桥arch bridge双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge桁架桥truss bridge钢构桥rigid frame bridgeT形钢构桥T-shaped rigid frame bridge连续钢构桥continuous rigid frame bridge 斜腿钢构桥rigid frame bridge with inclinedlegs斜拉桥(斜张桥) cable stayed bridge悬索桥suspension bridge漫水桥submersible bridge浮桥pontoon bridge开启桥movable bridge装配式桥fabricated bridge装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge涵洞culvert管涵pipe culvert拱涵arch culvert箱涵box culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert压力式涵洞pressure culvert半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵siphon culvert上部结构superstructure 主梁main beam横梁floor beam纵梁longitudinal beam,stringer挂梁suspended beam拱圈arch,ring拱上结构spandrel structure腹拱spandrel arch拱上侧墙spandrel wall桥面系floor system,bridge decking桥面铺装bridge deck pavement伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint 桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansion andcontraction installation安全带afety belt桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head下部结构substructure桥墩pier墩身pier body墩帽coping盖梁bent cap破冰体ice apron重力式桥墩gravity pier实体桥墩solid pier空心桥墩hollow pier柱式桥墩column pier排架桩墩pile bent pier柔性墩flexible pier制动墩braking pier单向推力墩single direction thrusted pier桥台abutment台身abutment body前墙front wall翼墙wing walls台帽coping锥坡conical slope耳墙wing wallsU形桥台U—shaped abutment八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment一字形桥台head wall abutment，straight abutment 重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 支撑式桥台supported type abutment地基subsoil加固地基consolidated subsoil天然地基natural subsoil基础foundation扩大基础spread foundation沉井基础open caission foundation管柱基础cylindrical shaft foundation桩基础pile poundation桩pile预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast—in-place concrete pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile承台bearing platform支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expansion bearing索塔cable bent tower索鞍cable saddle调治构造物regulating structure丁坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam桥位bridge site桥梁全长total length of bridge主桥main bridge引桥approach span跨径span桥涵计算跨径computed span桥涵净跨径clear span矢跨比rise span ratio计算矢高calculated rise of arch桥下净空clearance of span桥面净空clearance above bridge floor桥梁建筑高度construction height of bridge 荷载load永久荷载permanent load可变荷载variable load偶然荷载accidental load荷载组合loading combinations车辆荷载标准loading standard for design vchicle 设计荷载design load施工荷载construction load梁beam简支梁simple-supported beam连续梁continuous beam悬臂梁cantilever beam板slab拱arch桁架truss刚构rigid frame柱column强度strength刚度stiffness ，rigidity抗裂度crack resistance 稳定性stability位移displacement变形deformation挠度deflection预拱度camber流域catchment basin集水面积runoff area径流runoff水文测验hydrological survey河床river bed河槽river channel主槽main channel边滩side shoal河滩rlood land河床宽度bed width河槽宽度channel width过水断面discharge section水位water level最高（或最低)水位maximum（minimum)water level通航水位navigable water level设计水位design water level水面比降water surface slope河床比降gradient of river bed湿周weffed perimeter糙率coefficient of roughuess水力半径hydraulic radius水文计算hydrological computation设计流量designed discharge设计流速designed flow velocity行近流速approach velocity洪水调查floor survey洪水频率floor frequency设计洪水频率designed flood frequency潮汐河流tidal river悬移质suspended load推移质bed material load水力计算hydraulic computation水头water head冲刷scour桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge桥墩（或墩台）局部冲刷local scour near pier自然演变冲刷natural scour冲刷系数coefficient of scouring淤积silting壅水back water流冰ice drift先张法pretensioning method后张法post—tensioning method缆索吊装法erection with cableway悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion悬臂浇筑法cast-in—place cantilever mathod移动支架逐跨施工法span by span method纵向拖拉法erection by longtitudinal pullingmethod顶推法incremental launching method 转体架桥法construction by swing浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method围堰cofferdam护筒pile casing隧道tunnel洞门tunnel portal衬砌tunnel lining明洞open cut tunnel围岩surrounding rork隧道建筑限界structural approach limit of runnels 明挖法open cut method矿山法mine tunnelling method盾构法shield tunneling method沉埋法(沉管法）lmmersed tunnel导坑heading隧道支撑tunnel support构件支撑element support喷锚支护lock bolt support with shotcrete 隧道通风tunnel ventilation隧道照明tunnel lighting养护maintenance定期养护periodical maintenance巡回养护patrol maintenance大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance中修intermediate maintenance大修heavy maintenance改善工程road inprovement抢修emergency repair of road加固strengthening of structure回砂sand sweeping罩面overlay of pavement路面翻修pavement recapping路向补强pavement strengthening车辙rutting路面搓板surface corrugation路面网裂net-shaped cracking路面龟裂alligator cracking路面碎裂pavement spalling反射裂缝reflection crack路面坑槽pot holes 路面冻胀surface frost heave路面沉陷pavement depression路面滑溜surface slipperiness露骨suiface angularity啃边edge failure泛油bleeding拥包upheaval拱胀blow up错台faulting of slab ends错位slab staggering滑坡slide坍方land slide崩塌collapse碎落debris avalanche沉降settlement沉陷subsidence泥石流mud avalanche（振动）液化liquefaction翻浆frost boiling岩溶karst沙害sand hazard雪害snow hazard水毁washout好路率rate of good road养护质量综合值general tating of maintenancequality路容road appearance路况road condition路况调查road condition survey路政管理rlad administration民工建勤civilian labourers working onpublic project养路费toll of road maintenance养路道班maintenance gang粒料granular material集料（骨料）aggregate矿料mineral aggregate矿粉mineral powder砂sand砾石gravel砂砾sand gravel卵石cobble stone碎石broken stone,crushed stone片石rubble块石block stone料石dressed stone石屑chip工业废渣industrial solid waste结合料binder有机结合料organic binding agent沥青bitumen地沥青asphalt天然沥青natural asphalt石油沥青petroleum asphalt煤沥青coal tar乳化沥青emulsified bitumen氧化沥青oxidized asphalt路用沥青road bitumen无机结合料inorganic binding agent粉煤灰fly ash混合料mixture沥青混合料bituminous mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam mixture 沥青砂asphalt sand沥青膏asphalt mastic水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土cement concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力(钢筋）混凝土prestressed concrete早强混凝土early strength concrete干硬性混凝土dry concrete贫混凝土lean concrete轻质混凝土light-wehght concrete纤维混凝土fibrous concrete外掺剂admixture减水剂water reducing agent加气剂air entraining agent早强剂early strength agent缓凝剂retarder钢筋steel bar预应力钢材prestressing steel高强钢丝high tensile steel wire钢铰线stranded steel wire冷拉钢筋cold—stretched steel bar冷拔钢丝cold—drawn steel wire高强螺栓high strength bolt空隙率porosity孔隙比void ratio粒径grain size颗粒组成grain composition细度fineness筛分sieve analysis级配gradation级配曲线grading curve最佳级配optimum gradation含水量water content 最佳含水量optimum water content稠度界限consistency limit液限liquid limit塑限plastic limit缩限shrinkage limit塑性指数plasticity index水泥标号cement mark水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark水泥混凝土配合比proportioning of cement concrete 水灰比water cement ratio和易性workabillty坍落度slump硬化hardening水硬性hydraulicity气硬性air hardening离析segregation徐变creep老化ageing(沥青）稠度consistency (of bitumen)针入度penetration粘(滞）度viscosity软化点softening point延度ductility闪点flash point溶解度dissolubility热稳性hot stability水稳性water stability油石化asphalt-aggregate ratio含油率bitumen content压碎率rate of crushing磨耗率abrasiveness弹性模量modulus of elasticity回弹模量modulus of resilience劲度(模量）stiffness modulus模量比modulus ratio泊松比poisson’s ratio疲劳试验fatigue test劈裂试验splitting test三轴试验triaxial test击实试验compaction test触探试验cone penetration test弯沉试验deflection test环道试验circular track test承载板试验loading plate test透水性试验perviousness test车辙试验wheel tracking test马歇尔试验Marshall stability test压实度试验compactness test铺砂法sand patch method硬练胶砂强度试验earth-dry mortar strength –test 软练胶砂强度试验plastic mortar strength-test （水泥）安定性试验soundness test(of cement)击实仪compaction test equipment长杆贯入仪penetration test equipment承载板loading plate杠杆完沉仪beam lever deflectometer路面曲率半径测定仪surface—curvature apparatus 路面平整度测定仪viameter路面透水度测定仪surface permeameter五轮仪fifth-wheel tester制动仪skiddometer速度检测器speed detector万能试验机universal testing machine三轴（剪切）仪triaxial shear ratiotester加州承载比(CBR）测定仪California bearingratiotester标准筛standard sieves（沥青)针入度仪penetrometer(沥青)粘度仪viscosimeter(沥青)延度仪ductilometer（沥青）软化点仪(环—球法)softening pointtester(ringball method)闪点仪(开口杯式）flash point tester（open cupmethod）马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability apparatus （沥青混合料)抽提机bitumen extractor砂浆稠度仪mortar penetration tester坍落度圆锥筒slump cone标准工业粘度计standard concrete consistometer 饱和面干吸水率试模saturated—surface—duiedmoisture retention tester撞击韧度试验机impact toughness machine圆盘耐磨硬度试验机wear hardness machine狄法尔磨耗试验机Deval abrasion testing machine 洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angeles abrasiontestingmachine压碎率试模crushing strength tester单斗挖掘机single-bucket excavator推土机bulldozer除根机rootdozer铲运机scraper平地机grader挖沟机trencher耕耘机cultivator松土机ripper松土搅拌机pulvi-mixer稳定土拌和机stabilizer凿岩机rock breaker碎石机stone crusher 碎石撒布机stone spreader装载机loader羊足压路机sheep—foot roller手扶式单轮压路机walk behind single drum蛙式打夯机frog rammer内燃夯实机internal comtustion compactor 铁夯（铁撞柱）tamping iron压路机roller振动压路机vibratory roller沥青加热器asphalt heater沥青泵asphalt pump沥青洒布机asphalt sprayer沥青洒布车asphalt distributor沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt paver散装水泥运输车cement deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料拌和设备concrete mixing plant （水泥混凝土混合料)搅拌运输车concrete delivertruck水泥混凝土混合料摊铺机concrete paver振捣器concrete vibrator水泥混凝土混合料整面机concrete finisher真空泵vacuum pump水泥混凝土路面切缝机concrete joint cutter水泥混凝土路面锯缝机concrete saw水泥混凝土路面清缝机concrete joint cleaner水泥混凝土路面填缝机concrete joint sealer水泵pump泥浆泵mud pump张拉钢筋油泵prestressed steel bar drawing oil pump 砂浆泵mortar pump水泥混凝土混合料泵concrete pump钢筋切断机bar shear钢筋冷轧机cold-rolling mill钢筋冷拉机steel stretcher钢筋冷拔机steel bar cold-extrudingmachine钢筋冷镦机steel bar heading press machine 钢筋拉伸机steel extension machine钢筋弯曲机steel bar bender钢筋调直机steel straighten machine对焊机butt welder钻孔机boring machine打桩机pile driver拔桩机pile extractor千斤顶jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶prestressed steel bar drawingjack手拉葫芦chain block起重葫芦hoisting block卷扬机hoister缆索吊装设备cableway erecting equipment 起重机crane架桥机bridge erection equipment砂筒sand cylinder盾构shield全气压盾构compressed air shield半盾构roof shield隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine全断面隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine for fullcection喷枪shotcrete equipment装碴机mucker盾构千斤顶main jack拉合千斤顶pull—in jacks复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer路面铣削机pavemill回砂车sand sweeping equipment除雪机snow plough装雪机snow loader洗净剂喷布车detergent spray truck清扫车sweeper洒水车water truck划标线机line maker振动筛vibrating screen撒布机spreader输送机conveyer提升机elevator翻斗车dump-body car自卸汽车dumping wagon牵引车tow truck拖车头tractor truck挂车trailer平板车flat truck工程车shop truck万能杆件fabricated universal steel members 交通规划traffic rules交通事故traffic accident交通事故率traffic accident rate人口事故率population accident rate车辆事故率vehicle accident rate运行事故率operating accident rate交通控制traffic control中央控制台central control unit点控制spot control线控制line control面控制area control交通信号traffic signal交通信号灯traffic signal lamp 信号周期signal cycle绿信比split ratio信号相位signal phase相位差phase difference 绿波green wave交通监视系统traffic surveillance 交通公害vehicular pollution。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照---精品管理资料
道路工程术语标准第2。
1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施.按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1。
2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2。
1.3条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1。
4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路.第2.1.5条林区道路forest road建在林区,主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路.第2。
1。
7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8条道路网road network在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网.第2.1.9条道路(网)密度density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2。
1。
10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1.11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型,以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2.1。
12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆.第2.1.13条计算行车速度（设计车速) design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
道路工程常用语英文
道路第一节一般规定第2.1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1。
2条公路highway联结城市、乡村,主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1。
3条城市道路city road;urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2。
1.4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第2。
1。
5条林区道路forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路.第2。
1.7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1。
8条道路网road metwork在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2。
1.9条道路（网）密度density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2.1。
10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1。
11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据.第2.1.12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2。
1。
13条计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed道路几何设计（包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等）所采用的行车速度。
道路工程常用语英文
道路第一节一般规定第2.1。
1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等.第2.1。
2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.3条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2。
1。
4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路.第2。
1.5条林区道路forest road建在林区,主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路.第2。
1。
6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场,主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第2。
1。
7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8条道路网road metwork在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2。
1.9条道路(网)密度density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2.1.10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2。
1.11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型,以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2。
1。
12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2.1。
13条计算行车速度（设计车速）design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
公路工程相关规范中的英文术语
公路工程技术标准
Technical Standard of Highway Engineering
公路改扩建
highway reconstruction & extension
公路功能
highway function
设计速度
design speed
运行速度
operating speed
限制速度
posted speed limit
设计车辆
design vehicle
设计通行能力
design traffic capacity
服务水平
level of service
避险车道
evacuation / escape lane
硬路肩
hard shoulder
设计使用年限
design working/service life
电子不停车收费
electronic toll collection
公路隧道设计规范
Code for Design of Road Tunnel
公路隧道
road tunnel
山岭隧道
mountain tunnel
岩石质量指标
Rock Quality Designation(RQD)
岩体分级
rock mass classification
环境调查
environmental survey
水文调查
hydrological survey
地质调查
geological survey
隧道涌水
water inflow into tunnel
荷载
load
围岩压力
surrounding rock pressure
偏压
unsymmetrical pressure
松散压力
loosening pressure
新奥法
NATM(New Austrian Tunneling Method)
净空断面（内轮廓）
inner section
洞门
portal
衬砌
lining
仰拱
invert
小净距隧道
neighborhood tunnel
连拱隧道
multi-arch tunnel
竖井
vertical shaft
斜井
incline/inclined shaft
横通道
horizontal adit
超前导坑
advancing drift
通风
ventilation
照明
lighting
公路隧道设计规范
第二册交通工程与附属设施
Specifications for Design of Highway Tunnels Section 2 Traffic Engineering and Affiliated Facilities
电光标志
electric sign
逆光照明
counter-beam lighting
光学长隧道
optically long tunnels
区域控制单元
local controller
公路隧道设计细则
Guidelines for Design of Highway Tunnel
水下隧道
underwater tunnel
钻爆隧道
drilling and blasting tunnel
盾构隧道
shield tunnel
沉管隧道
immersed tube tunnel
隧道建筑限界
tunnel construction clearance
隧道净空断面
tunnel cross-section
偏压隧道
tunnel under unsymmetrical pressure
浅埋隧道
shallow tunnel
深埋隧道
deep tunnel
软弱围岩
soft rock
隧道群
tunnel group
紧急停车带
emergency parking strip
车行横洞
adit for vehicle passing
人行横洞
adit for people passing
分离式隧道
separated tunnel
分岔隧道
branch tunnel
整体式衬砌
monolithic lining
喷锚支护
shotcrete and rockbolts supporting
复合式衬砌
composite lining
明洞
open-cut tunnel
棚洞
hangar tunnel
斜井
inclined shaft
竖井
vertical shaft
围岩基本质量指标
rock basic quality index
围岩修正质量指标
rock modified quality index
形变压力
deformed pressure
初始应力
initial stress
开挖效应
excavation effect
承载拱
load-bearing arch
承载能力
bearing capacity
端墙式洞门
end-wall tunnel portal
翼墙式洞门
wing-wall tunnel portal
明洞式洞门
open-cut tunnel portal
高地应力
high geostress
超前支护
pre-supporting
超前帷幕注浆advanced curtain grouting
井点降水dewatering
注浆
grouting
预设计
pre-design
动态设计
dynamic design
超前地质预报
advanced geological forecast
监控量测
monitoring measurement
隧道防水
tunnel waterproof
隧道排水
tunnel drainage
通风构造物
ventilation structure
施工辅助通道
construction subsidiary channel
公路隧道施工技术规范
Technical Specifications for Construction of Highway Tunnel
光面爆破
smooth blasting
全断面法
full face excavation method
正台阶法
bench cut method
环形开挖预留核心土法
ring cut method
中隔壁法（CD法）
center diagram method
交叉中隔壁法（CRD法）
center cross diagram method
双侧壁导坑法
both side drift method
干喷
dry shotcrete
初喷
first shotcrete (application of first shotcrete)
复喷
subsequent shotcrete (application of subsequent shotcrete)
喷锚支护
shotcrete and rock bolt support
超前支护
advanced support
管棚
pipe-roof protection
小导管预注浆
small pipe-roof protection
超前锚杆
pioneer rock bolt
钢架
steel frame / beam support
中岩墙
wall of rock in neighborhood tunnel
监控量测
monitoring measurement
岩爆
rock burst
超前地质预报
geological prediction
瓦斯
gas
瓦斯浓度
gas concentration
公路隧道施工技术细则
Technical Guidelines for Construction of Highway Tunnel
中导洞法
center drift excavation method
湿喷
wet shotcrete
预注浆
pioneer grouting
全封闭注浆
full-closed grouting
模板台车
form jumbo
隧道防水隔离层
layer of anti-water
防水混凝土
waterproof concrete
百米平均漏风率
average air leakage rate 100 meter
公路隧道交通工程设计规范
Design Specification for Traffic Engineering of Highway Tunnel
（无，已修订）
公路隧道通风照明设计规范
Specifications for Design of Ventilation and Lighting of Highway Tunnel （无，已修订）。