高中英语语法知识点 完成时
高中英语语法之现在完成时详细
现在完成时1.表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
表示一件事已经发生,这事往往与现在有联系。
I’ve lost my key.(因此无法进屋)I’ve got a letter from my aunt.(因此知道她的近况)My wife has just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there.2.常和just,already,yet,recently,ever,never,这类副词连用。
(现在完成时常和不确定的时间副词连用,如:already,often,never,ever,always,yet,not…yet,before,once(一次),twice,数词+times,so far,by now,up to now,till now等,有时也可以和包含“现在”概念的时间状语连用,如:recently,now,today,this +时间名词等)He’s just left.---Has he phoned you yet?---No,not yet.Have you ever talked to him about it ?Have you seen Peter recently?I have never broken my word.Everything has already been used up.already 用于肯定句,可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前,也可放在句末;yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中表示“还”,常放在句末;ever意为“曾经”,用于疑问句或否定句中,放在助动词与过去分词之间;never意为“从来都没有”,常和before连用,多放在助动词与过去分词之间。
Eg.I have never traveled by plane before.before意为“以前”,指过去不确定的某个时间,总是放在句末,不受句型的限制。
高中英语语法--现在完成时和过去完成时的区别
语法----现在完成时和过去完成时的区别1.从结构上区别现在完成时:主语 + have / has + 过去分词(肯定式)主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词(否定式)Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词(疑问式)过去完成时:主语 + had + 过去分词(肯定式)主语 +had + not + 过去分词(否定式)Had + 主语 + 过去分词(疑问式)2.从时间状语区别现在完成时: 常用的时间状语包括“now, today, tonight, this week, this year, already, yet, just, recently…etc”。
过去完成时: 常用的时间状语包括“by, at, before等构成的短语”。
注意:当表示一段时间,现在完成时和过去完成时都可以用for 或since引导的状语。
例如:Have you had your lunch yet? 你吃午饭了吗?Yes, I have . I’ve just had it. 是的,我刚吃完。
I have had a clock now. 我现在有一个闹钟了。
Have you already posted the photos? 你把照片寄走了吗?The meeting had begun when we got there. 我们到那儿时,会议已经开始了。
We had learned about 5000English words by the end of last term.到上学期末我们已经学了5000个英语单词。
They had done the work at five o’clock. 在五点钟的时候他们已经完成了那项工作。
I’ve known Li Lei for three years. 我认识李蕾已经三年了。
I have worked here since ten years ago. 自从十年前我就在这工作。
人教版2022年高中英语现在完成进行时知识点归纳总结(精华版)
(每日一练)人教版2022年高中英语现在完成进行时知识点归纳总结(精华版)单选题1、The number of private cars in China ________ since 2005, but only 15 percent of them ________ made in China. A.has been increasing; areB.have increased; isC.has been increased; isD.had increased; are答案:A解析:试题分析:考查动词时态。
根据since 2005,再根据动作是一直进行,所以用现在完成进行时,主语是The number of,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;第二空主语是only 15 percent of them,them指cars,可知谓语动词用复数形式,句意:自从2005年以来,中国的私家车数量一直在增长,但是只有15%是中国制造的。
故选A。
【知识拓展】1).The number of作主语,后面的谓语动词用单数形式。
The number of students is 60.2). (1)Since自从……以来(可作介词和连词),和现在完成时态连用。
He has lived here since he came. 自从他来到这里,就一直在这里住着。
(2)It is /has been+一段时间+since + 主语+一般过去时态+其他。
自从做某事有多长时间了。
在这个句型中如果从句的动作是终止性动词,则表示从动作开始到现在多长时间了;如果从句的动作是持续性动词,则表示从动作结束到现在多长时间了。
It is three years since he joined (终止性动词)the army.他参军有三年了;It is five years since he lived(持续性动词)here. 他住在这儿有五年了。
高中英语时态总结
高中英语时态总结英语时态是英语语法中非常重要的一个部分,也是我们在学习和使用英语时需要掌握的重要知识点。
本文将高中英语中常见的时态进行总结,帮助大家更好地理解和掌握。
一、现在时态1、现在进行时:表示现在正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
结构为“be 动词(am/is/are)+动词的现在分词”。
例如:I am studying now.我正在学习。
2、现在完成时:表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”。
例如:I have finished my homework.我已经完成了我的作业。
二、过去时态1、过去进行时:表示过去正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”。
例如:They were playing football at that time.他们那时正在踢足球。
2、过去完成时:表示过去的过去发生的动作对过去造成的影响或结果。
结构为“had+动词的过去分词”。
例如:They had finished their work before we arrived.他们在我们到达之前已经完成了他们的工作。
三、将来时态1、将来进行时:表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
结构为“will+be动词+动词的现在分词”。
例如:I will be studying at 9 o’clock tomorrow.我明天9点将会在学习。
2、将来完成时:表示将来某个时间已经完成的动作或达到的状态。
结构为“will+have+动词的过去分词”。
例如:I will have finished my homework by 10 o’clock tonight.我将在今晚10点之前完成我的作业。
以上是高中英语中常见的时态总结,希望能够帮助大家更好地理解和掌握英语时态。
需要注意的是,不同的时态有着不同的用法和结构,大家在使用时需要根据语境选择合适的时态。
高中英语最实用语法一般过去时、现在完成时、将来完成时讲解和经典习题
I. 一般过去时一般过去时:在过去发生的动作,现在已经结束。
基本用法:1.过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
表示过去时间的时间状语:last+时间、时间+ago、yesterday、just now、the other day、once upon a time、at that time、then2. 表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态,可与频度副词always、usually、often等连用。
表示过去的习惯性动作,除了用动词过去式外,还可以用used to do sth、would do sth3.表示说话人始料未及的事情I didn’t know it was you.I never thought you would bring me a gift.4.宾语从句时态:主现从、主过从5.表示已去世者的情况或过去的历史。
II. 现在完成时一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二.句型:否认句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定) No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否认)三.用法〔1〕现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义:郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)〔2〕现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作〔用行为动词表示〕或状态〔be动词表示〕常与for〔+时间段〕,since〔+时间点或过去时的句子〕连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点〔译为:自从……以来〕③since+时段+ago④主句〔现在完成时〕since+从句〔一般过去时〕→主完从过●⑤It is/ has been +时段+since+从句〔过去时〕Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.⑥It is + 第几次〔the first time〕that + 句子〔现在完成时〕四. has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过〔已不在去过的地方〕My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in:呆了多久〔还在所呆的地方〕My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. 五.现在完成时的标志1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
高中英语语法知识点
完成时语法专项一实际意义现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的_____/______,或者过去的动作或状态对现在造成的______或_________。
1)现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。
(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。
)I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)2)现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。
★这里主句的动词要用持续性动词。
常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点)since+ 一般过去时的句子连用. for(+时间段)= since(+时间点)★如果主句的动词不是持续性动词,要转化为持续性动词,才能和表示一段时间的状语”连用。
Mary has been ill for three days. (我病了,还可能要病几天.) =Mary has been ill since three days ago.二、现在完成时的结构1)肯定式:主语+ have / has + 过去分词2)否定式: 主语+ have / has + not + 过去分词3)一般疑问式Have / Has + 主语+ 过去分词4)特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词三、现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的标志词1.already(已经)2.just(刚刚,正好)3.ever(曾经)4.never(从来,也不;从不)5.yet(仍然)等连用。
6.for +时间段7.since +过去时间点”since+一般过去时的句子“It is + 一段时间+since一般过去时从句8. recently(近来)9.so far(到目前为止),10.in the past/“last + 一段时间”11. once(一次)12.twice(两次)13.three times(三次14.several times(几次)★练习:用since和for填空1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago9) _______ we were children 10) _____ lunch time 11) ____ she left here1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.四、现在完成时态中already, yet, just, never, ever用法区别1、already意思是“已经”①通常用于陈述句中(放在have和has的后面)②也可用于疑问句,表示期望得到肯定的回答或表示惊异,此时already常放在句末。
时态(完成时态)-2022届高三英语一轮复习语法微专题
知识点:过去完成时(had done)
考点2
用法6: 含有以下时间状语的句子中
By /Towards / Before the end of + 过去时间 At the time of + 过去时间
知识点:现在完成时
用法4:其他使用现在完成时的结构
考点1
1. This/That/It is+序数词+名词+that+现在完成时 It is the third time that I’ve come to Beijing. It is the fifth time that someone has knocked at my door. 2. This/That/It is+最高级或only修饰名词+现在完成时 This is the most interesting movie that I’ve ever seen. It is the worst book that I’ve ever read.
难点
与现在完成时搭配的时间状语 1. since+时间点 2. for+时间段 3. “到目前为止…” until now, up until now, up to now, up till now, so far… 4. “在最近几世纪/年/月以来…” in/over the past few years, during, for the last few centuries, throughout history, through centuries…
表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间 之前已经开始,这一动作或状态在这 一过去时刻之前即已结束,并且没有 持续到这一过去时刻。此时过去完成 时的动作为短暂动作。
高中英语现在完成时时态知识点总结(超全)
高中英语现在完成时时态知识点总结(超全)单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、-That can't be! They______for forty minutes but no one has scored a goal yet.-Too bad! It's almost half-time.A.had playedB.playedC.have been playingD.were playing答案:C解析:考查现在完成进行时。
句意:——那不可能!他们已经四十分钟了还没有人进球。
——太糟糕了,时间快过一半了。
根据for forty minutes 可知他们已经进行了四十分钟了还没进球,再根据下句 It's almost half-time可知还要进行下去,所以要用现在完成进行时表示“表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去”的动作,所以C符合语境,故选C。
2、Joseph _____ to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.A.has been goingB.wentC.goesD.has gone答案:A解析:考查时态。
句意:彼得从上个月就开始去上夜课,但是他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字?”根据语境和since 判断此处此处强调动作从过去开始持续到现在,且有可能继续持续,应用现在完成进行时,主语Joseph是第三人称单数,助动词用has。
故选A。
3、You sent us an email informing us your date of arrival and we ________ your visit ever since. A.expectedB.are expectingC.have been expectingD.had expected答案:C解析:考查现在完成进行时。
(完整)高中英语语法之现在完成时
现在完成时讲解一、基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done)①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他②否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)二、用法1)现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。
(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。
)I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)2)现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。
这里的动词要用持续性动词。
常与for (+时间段),since(+时间点)连用.Mary has been ill for three days.Mary has been ill since three days ago.注意:1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用,(如表示过去的时间状语)如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等,除非与for, since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already(肯定), yet(否定,疑问), just, before, recently, still, latel y等:He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如ever, never, twice, several times等:Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman several times.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等:Peter has written six papers so far.Up to the present everything has been successful.5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.We have had four texts this semester.6. have been to 和have gone to的区别have been to 强调“去过”,现已不在那里,如:He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。
高中英语语法:现在完成时现在完成时
语法:现在完成时一、时态讲解:现在完成时(1)构成:现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成,助动词have 有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has,其余用have.(2)用法:1)现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。
I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。
如:I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has been with us since Monday. 自从星期一以来,她就和我们在一起。
★注意:a)since和for的区别since后接时间点,如1993,last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间,表示“长达多久”,如ten years, a while, two days等。
Exercise: 用since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country ______1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等,在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。
高考复习:现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时
高考复习:现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时一、课堂导入时态在高考中,单选会考1至2题,完形填空里面对副词的考查也是比较多的,所以也是需要好好掌握的语法点.二、复习预习复习上一单元的知识点之后,以达到复习的效果.然后给学生一些相关的单选或其他类型题目,再老师没有讲解的情况下,让学生独立思考,给出答案与解释,促进学生发现问题,同时老师也能发现学生的盲点,并能有针对性地进行后面的讲课.三、知识讲解知识点1:现在完成时:构成:主语+ have/has + 动词的过去分词用法:1〕过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,句中常有already, just, never, ever, lately, recently, , in the past+一段时间,so far等状语2〕、从过去开始,持续到现在的动作或状态3〕、用在时间、条件从句中,表示从句动作先于主句动作之前完成4〕、“最高级+名词”或“It is the + 序数词+ time” 后的定语从句中.5〕、应用现在完成时应注意:瞬间动词用于完成时表示一个动作的结束,不能和 “for…”或“since…”连用,但它们的否定形式可以连用.如:We have not heard from him for ten days.我们已经十天没他的消息了.另外,如果把瞬间动词转变成相应的持续动词,就可和 “for…”或 “since…”连用.知识点2:现在完成进行时:构成:主语+ have/has + been +动词的现在分词用法:表示动作从过去一个时间开始,一直延续到现在,强调在此阶段时间里,动作一直在进行.⑴、过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作⑵、过去开始,现在刚刚停止的动作⑶、现在看到其直接结果的动作知识点3:过去完成时:构成:主语+ had + 动词的过去分词用法:1〕、表示过去某时间或动作之前已发生或完成的动作.2〕、表示从过去某时间开始,持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,往往和for, since引导的短语或从句连用.3〕、用于句型:It was the +序数词+ time that…该句型表示到“was”时已是第几次做某事,即在“was”前已做过某事几次,因此该句在时间上体现“过去的过去”,所以应用过去完成时.4〕、用于句型:It was + 时间段+ since…该句型表示到自从做某事以来已有多长时间,即在这个〔过去〕时间段之前已做某事,因此该句型在时间上体现“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时.They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I had enjoyed a good drink.5〕、过去没有实现的想法、希望和打算,即“本打算”We had intended to see y ou, but we weren’t free.6〕、用于句型:hardly\scarecely…when〔before〕…, 及no sooner…than…“一…就…”Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang.知识点4:将来完成时:构成:主语 + shall/will + have +动词的过去分词用法:表示未来某一时间之前将完成的动作.〔2011·江苏卷〕23.-----Tommy is planning to buy a car.----I know .By next month ,he__enough for a used one.A.saves B . saved C.will save D.will have saved⒒将来进行时:构成:主语 + will + be + 动词的现在分词用法:⑴、表示在将来某时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作⑵、有时可表示预计即将发生或势必要发生的动作四、例题精析【例题1】He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ______ it for a very long time.A.has hadB. had hadC. hasD. Had【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态.本题基础时态为一般过去时,他演奏吉他很长时间是发生在他卖〔sold〕之前,故用过去完成时态.【例题2】—Oh no! We’re too late. The train _______.—That’s Ok. We’ll catch the next tra in to London.A.was leavingB. had leftC. has leftD. has been leaving【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态.根据语境“我们太晚了”及后句“没关系.我们可以赶下一趟火车去伦敦”,可知火车已经离开,对现在造成影响,故使用现在完成时态.【例题3】When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I ___ my mind.A. have changedB. changeC. had changedD. would change【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态.根据句意:我第一次见到Bryan时我不喜欢他,但是现在我已经改变我的想法了.【例题4】During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ______ sharply.A.was increasingB. has increasedC. had increasedD. will be increasing【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态.根据时态标志词during the last threedecades,可知使用现在完成时态,选B.五课堂运用1Shakespeare’s play Hamlet _______ into at least ten different films over the past ye ars.A. had been madeB. was madeC. has been madeD. would be made【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态.根据此句标志词over the past years应使用现在完成时态.故选C.2-The girl has a great interest in sport and ______ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. A. took B. is taking C. takes D. has been taking【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态.根据句中标志词over the last three years可知答案为D3 — Have you heard about the recent election?— Sure, it ________ the only thing on the news for the last three days.A. would beB. isC. has beenD. will be【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态.根据句中标志词for the last threedays可知应用现在完成时态,选C.4 —What about your self-drive trip yesterday?—Tiring! The road is being widened, and we _______ a rough ride.A.hadB. haveC. would haveD. have had【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态.根据句意,我们昨天的自驾旅行是一次颠簸的旅行.故答案选过去时态.5He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ______ it for a very long time.A. has hadB. had hadC. hasD. had【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态.本题基础时态为一般过去时,他演奏吉他很长时间是发生在他卖〔sold〕之前,故用过去完成时态.6 —Oh no! We’re too late. The train _______.—That’s Ok. We’ll catch the next train to London.A. was leavingB. had leftC. has leftD. has been leaving【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态.根据语境“我们太晚了”及后句“没关系.我们可以赶下一趟火车去伦敦”,可知火车已经离开,对现在造成影响,故使用现在完成时态7 -When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I_____my mind.A. have changedB. changeC. had changedD. would change【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态.根据句意:我第一次见到Bryan时我不喜欢他,但是现在我已经改变我的想法了.8During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ______ sharply. A. was increasing B. has increased C. had increased D. will be increasing【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态.根据时态标志词during the last threedecades,可知使用现在完成时态,选B.9Frank_________ London by train which _______ at 8:30 next morning.A.is leaving for will leaveB. is leaving for; leavesB.C. will leave for; will leave D. leaves for leaves【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查将来时的表达法.现在进行时代替将来时表示按照计划安排要发生的事情.用一般现在时代替将来时表示按照机场,车站的时间表要发生的事情.10 She ______ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.A.phonedB. had phonedC. was phoningD. has phoned【答案】C【解析】句意:她正在和一个人打电话,于是我向她点了下头便走了.根据后句I nodded to her and wentaway“我只向她点了下头”说明她正在打电话.所以使用过去进行时表示在过去某个时间正在进行的事情.故C正确.课程小结该知识点是贯穿整个高中考试里面的一个的热点,不算很难的知识点,变化规则比较多,需要学生们通过一定量的练习达到巩固熟练的程度.。
高中英语时态语法总结归纳
高中英语时态语法总结归纳英语时态是表示动作发生时间的一种语法形式,在高中英语学习中扮演着重要的角色。
正确使用时态可以使语言表达更加准确和流畅。
本文将对高中英语常用的时态进行总结归纳,以帮助学生更好地掌握时态的用法。
一、一般现在时 (Simple Present Tense)一般现在时用于表示经常性的动作、客观事实、真理、习惯和固定时间表等。
1. 结构:主语 + 动词原形(单数加s或es)+ 其他2. 示例:- He plays soccer every weekend.(他每个周末都踢足球。
)- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.(水在100摄氏度时沸腾。
)- I usually go to bed at 10 o'clock.(我通常十点钟上床睡觉。
)二、一般过去时 (Simple Past Tense)一般过去时用于表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
1. 结构:主语 + 动词过去式(一般过去时动词过去式的变化规则多样)2. 示例:- They went to the park yesterday.(他们昨天去了公园。
)- She watched a movie last night.(她昨晚看电影了。
)- I played the guitar when I was young.(我年轻时弹吉他。
)三、一般将来时 (Simple Future Tense)一般将来时用于表示将来某个时间或情况下发生的动作或状态。
1. 结构:主语 + will/shall + 动词原形2. 示例:- We will study English tomorrow.(我们明天将学习英语。
)- He shall help you with your assignment.(他将帮助你完成作业。
)- They won't go to the party this weekend.(他们这个周末不会去参加派对。
高中英语语法过去完成时专题讲解
高中英语语法过去完成时专题讲解(一)过去完成时1.过去完成时:✈1).概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
✈2).时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.✈3).基本结构:have/has + done✈4).否定形式:have/has + not +done.✈5).一般疑问句:have或has提前概念:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即过去的过去(past-in-the-past )----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|---------------------------->那时以前那时现在构成:过去完成时由"助动词had + 过去分词"构成,其中had 通用于各种人称。
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.She had finished writing the composition by 10 :00 this morning.2、过去完成时的判断依据:由时间状语来判定✈ 1 )by + 过去的时间点。
Eg: I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.✈ 2 )by the end of + 过去的时间点。
Eg: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.✈ 3 )before + 过去的时间点。
Eg: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.3.课堂练习:一.用动词的适当形式填空1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in.2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen_______ (arrive).5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.9. When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall.10.The Reads __ ______ (have) lunch when I ________________(get) to their house.二.句型转换1.I had sold the ticket when she came.(改否定句)2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.(改否定句)3.They began to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks.(否定)4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. (改一般疑问)5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.(改一般疑问)6.By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. (改一般疑问)7..He had broken his arm when I saw him.(对划线部分提问)8.When he had read the note, he ate it. (对划线部分提问)9..Jack didn’t go to the cinema because he had seen the film. (对划线部分提问)10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. (对划线部分提问)Keys:一、1. had painted... moved 2. had made ... died 3. had studied…left4. had run away..arrived5. had turned off …went 6. went …had made 7. said …had read 8 failed …had made9. (had) finished …left 10. were having/had had …got二、1.I hadn't sold the ticket when she came.2. She hadn't sung a song to us before she danced.3. They didn't begin to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks.4. Had you been very hungry by 10:00 a.m?5. Had Lucy completed the project when I arrived yet?6. Had the plane taken off by the time he got to the airport?7. What had he done when you saw him?8.What did he do when he had read the note?9. Why didn't Jack go to the cinema?10. How long had you/we had the toys before you/we gave them to the child?(二)过去将来时:定义:它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。
高中英语语法之现在完成时
现在完成时讲解一、基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done)①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他②否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)二、用法1)现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。
(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。
)I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)2)现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。
这里的动词要用持续性动词。
常与for (+时间段),since(+时间点)连用.Mary has been ill for three days.Mary has been ill since three days ago.注意:1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用,(如表示过去的时间状语)如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等,除非与for, since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already(肯定), yet(否定,疑问), just, before, recently, still, latel y等:He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如ever, never, twice, several times等:Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman several times.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等:Peter has written six papers so far.Up to the present everything has been successful.5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.We have had four texts this semester.6. have been to 和have gone to的区别have been to 强调“去过”,现已不在那里,如:He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。
高中英语语法八个时态归纳总结
高中英语语法八个时态归纳总结英语语法中的时态是指动词形态变化来表示不同的时间状态。
在英语语法中,共有八个时态,包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来进行时、现在完成时和过去完成时。
这里将对这八个时态进行归纳总结,以帮助高中学生更好地理解和运用这些时态。
1. 一般现在时(Simple Present)一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或真理,也用于表示主语在现在的状态或职业。
例句:- I eat breakfast every morning.(我每天早上吃早餐。
)- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。
)- She works as a teacher.(她是一名教师。
)2. 一般过去时(Simple Past)一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生或存在的动作或状态。
例句:- I studied English yesterday.(昨天我学习了英语。
)- They went to the beach last summer.(他们去年夏天去了海滩。
)- She lived in London for five years.(她在伦敦住了五年。
)3. 一般将来时(Simple Future)一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
例句:- I will go shopping tomorrow.(我明天要去购物。
)- They are going to visit their grandparents next month.(他们下个月要去看望他们的祖父母。
)- She is going to study abroad after graduation.(她毕业后打算出国留学。
)4. 现在进行时(Present Continuous)现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或状态。
例句:- I am reading a book right now.(我现在正在读一本书。
高中英语必备语法知识大全
⾼中英语必备语法知识⼤全 很多⾼中⽣的⼀直都不理想,⼤部分⼈是因为没有掌握好语法知识,没有理清楚知识概念。
下⾯是百分⽹店铺为⼤家整理的⾼中英语必备语法知识,希望对⼤家有⽤! ⾼中英语语法知识归纳 ⼀、现在完成时 1.概念:过去发⽣或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点,for+时间段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构:主语+have/has +p.p(过去分词)+其它 4.否定形式:主语+have/has + not +p.p(过去分词)+其它 5.⼀般疑问句:have或has。
6.例句:I've written an article.我已经写了⼀篇论⽂。
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.在过去的⼏年,农村发⽣了巨⼤的变化。
⼆、过去完成时 1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发⽣的动作或⾏为,或在过去某动作之前完成的⾏为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc.3.基本结构:主语+had + p.p(过去分词)+其它4.否定形式:主语+had + not +p.p(过去分词)+其它 5.⼀般疑问句:had放于句⾸。
6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候,⽕车已经开⾛了。
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books.到上个⽉底。
高中英语九大时态总结归纳
高中英语九大时态总结归纳英语时态是英语语法中非常重要的一个概念,掌握好时态不仅对于学习英语的人来说是至关重要的,而且在日常交流中也非常实用。
在高中英语中,涉及的时态较多,本文将对高中英语九大时态进行总结归纳,以帮助读者更好地掌握和运用这些时态。
一、一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)一般现在时表示经常性的动作、习惯、真理等,常常使用的时间状语包括always, usually, often, sometimes等。
一般现在时的肯定句结构为:“主语 + 动词原形(第三人称单数加-s)+ 其他”,否定句为:“主语 + do not / does not + 动词原形”,疑问句为:“Do / Does + 主语 + 动词原形”。
例句:1. He always studies hard for exams.(他总是努力学习备考。
)2. We don't like to eat spicy food.(我们不喜欢吃辣的食物。
)3. Does she live in New York?(她住在纽约吗?)二、一般过去时(Simple Past Tense)一般过去时用于表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常常使用的时间状语有yesterday, last night, ago等。
一般过去时的肯定句结构为:“主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他”,否定句为:“主语 + did not + 动词原形”,疑问句为:“Did + 主语 + 动词原形”。
1. I visited my grandparents last weekend.(我上周末去看望了我的祖父母。
)2. They didn't go to the cinema yesterday.(他们昨天没去电影院。
)3. Did you finish your homework?(你完成作业了吗?)三、一般将来时(Simple Future Tense)一般将来时表示将来时态,常常使用的时间状语有tomorrow, next week, in the future等。
高中英语语法现在完成进行时讲解
现在完成进行时构成形式I / we / you / they have been + 动词的现在分词He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词基本句型确定式第一人称 have been doing sth.疑问式 Have 第一人称 been doing sth.简略回答 Yes,第一人称 have. No,第一人称 haven't.确定式第三人称 has been doing sth.疑问式 Has 第三人称been doing sth.简略回答 Yes,第三人称has. No,第三人称hasn't.1)表示一个在过去起先而在最近刚刚结束的行动,如:Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?2) 表示一个从过去起先但仍在进行的行动,如:It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)Jack has been feeling very well recently.3) 表示一个从过去起先持续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,如:She has been playing tennis since she was eight.4) 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身,如:Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.标记:1.句中常有持续性动词[1],2.时间点前有since。
用法现在完成进行时(Present perfect continuous)主语+have/has+been+动词-ing(持续性动词)(一)表示从过去某时起先始终持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。
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考点11 完成时高考频度:★★★★★考向一、现在完成时1. 现在完成时结构:主语 + 助动词have(has) + 动词过去分词否定句:have/has后加not, haven’t/hasn’t一般疑问句:have/has提前2. 现在完成时的用法:(1)表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,强调的是这个结果或影响,常与yet,already,just,before,lately等时间状语连用。
—Have you had your lunch yet? 你吃过午饭了吗?—Yes, I have. I have just had it. 是的,我刚吃过。
(现在我不饿了。
)I have already posted the photos. 我已经寄过这些照片了。
(这些照片已不在我这里了。
)have(has) gone to,have(has) been to和have(has) been in的区别1. have (has) gone to表示"已经去某地了",不能与for+一段时间连用。
She has gone to Shanghai.(她可能已在去上海的路上,或已到上海,总之现在不在这里。
)2. have (has) been to表示"曾经去过某地",不能与for+一段时间连用。
She has been to Shanghai three times.(她已经不在上海,只说明她曾经去过。
)3. have (has) been in/at表示"一直待在某地",常与时间段搭配,指待了很久。
(2)过去发生的事情,一直持续到现在(其谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的词)。
I haven’t seen her these days. 近来我一直没见过他。
I’ve known Li Lei for three years. 我认识李雷已经三年了。
They have lived here since 1996. 他们自从1996年就住在这儿。
She has taught us since I came to this school. 自从我来这所学校,她就教我。
3. 现在完成时多与下列时间状语连用:(1)用于"过去发生的事,对现在造成的影响或结果"的时间状语有:(2)用于"过去发生的事,一直延续到现在"的时间状语有:for + 时间段 for two yearssince + 时间点 since 2008since thensince he came hereso far 目前;迄今为止up to now=till now=by now 到现在为止;直到现在all the time 总是;一直recently/lately 最近these days 近几天by the end of...到……末/结束 by the end of this month/year 到本月/年末during /over the last (past) few years 在过去的几年中in the last /past days/ months/ years 在过去的几个天/月/年中(3)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。
I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.(4)非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
I haven’t received his letter for almost a month.(5)since与for用法比较3. 现在完成时的常用固定句型(1)That/This/It is the first (second, third ... ) time... (that) ...句型中,从句要用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次参观这座城市。
It is the third time that the boy has been late. 这是这个男生第三次迟到了。
(2)"That/This/It is the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + (that)从句"中,that 从句要用现在完成时。
This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好看的电影。
(3)在"It is/has been + 一段时间 + since ... "句型中,主句常用现在完成时或一般现在时,从句用一般过去时。
It has been/ It’s 5 years since we last met. 自从上一次我们见面到现在已经是五年了。
It’s / It has been 3 months since the man died. 那人死去3个月了。
(4)一段时间+ 完成时结构+ since 引导的时间状语从句Two years has passed since I came here. 我来这儿已经两年了。
延续性动词表示经验、经历;短暂性动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
He has completed the work. (表结果)I’’ve known him since then.(表经历)(3)短暂性动词和延续性动词用于till / until从句的差异延续性动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……";短暂性动词用于否定句,表示"到……才……"He didn’’t come back until ten o’’clock. 直到十点钟他才回来。
He slept until ten o’’clock.他睡到十点钟。
【疑难辨析】现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以它不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。
如:yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 2004 等。
而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在没有任何关系,它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。
I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。
(我了解这部电影的内容。
)I saw the film last week.我上星期看了这部电影.(只说明上星期看了这部电影,不涉及现在的情况)1.(2016·北京卷·单项填空)I ____________ half of the English novel, and I’ll tryto finish it at the weekend.A. readB. have readC. am readingD. will read【答案】 B2. In the last few years, China __________ great achievements in environmentalprotection.A. has madeB. had madeC. was makingD.is making【答案】A【解析】句意:在过去的这些年里,中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就。
由时间状语in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响,用现在完成时。
故选A。
考向二、过去完成时1. 基本结构:肯定句:主语 + had + 过去分词 + 其他.否定句:主语 + had + not + 过去分词 + 其他.一般疑问句:Had + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组 + 一般疑问句(Had + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他)?2. 基本用法(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。
即"过去的过去"。
可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句(在复合句中,由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句)来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示。
By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。
(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for,since 构成的时间状语连用。
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候,我在车站已经等了20分钟。
He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
(3)叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发生的事情后,反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时,常使用过去完成时。
Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。
他以前是我的好朋友。
I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知,因为我没有好好学习功课。
(4)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。
She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了。
(5)过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。
(6)状语从句:在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在前,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。
如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的从句。
When I woke up, it had already stopped raining. 我醒来时雨已停了。