马克思主义与唯物主义【英文】
有关马克思主义英语作文
有关马克思主义英语作文【中英文实用版】{z}Title: The Value and Significance of Marxism in the WorldMarxism, as a theory, has had a profound impact on the world with its unique stance, perspective, and methodology.It has consistently stood on the side of the working class and the general public, devoting itself to their interests.This stance is not merely that of the proletariat or the laboring masses, but of the majority of people worldwide, and ultimately, it represents the position of all of humanity.One of the key contributions of Marxism is its analysis of the capitalist mode of production and the exploitation that comes with it.It highlights the class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, and advocates for a society where wealth and resources are owned and controlled by the community as a whole, rather than being concentrated in the hands of a few.Marxism also emphasizes the importance of dialectical materialism, which is a way of understanding the world that sees everything as interconnected and constantly changing.This perspective allows for a more comprehensive understanding of social, economic, and political phenomena, and informs the Marxist approach to revolution and social change.Furthermore, Marxism is deeply concerned with the emancipation ofhumanity from the chains of exploitation and oppression.It seeks to create a classless society where everyone has equal opportunities to develop their potential and contribute to society according to their abilities and needs.In conclusion, the value and significance of Marxism lie in its unwavering commitment to the interests of the working class and the general public, its comprehensive analysis of capitalist society, and its vision of a classless, equitable, and just society.---标题：马克思主义在世界的价值和意义马克思主义作为一种理论，对世界产生了深远的影响，其独特的立场、观点和方法使其与众不同。
马克思主义相关英语表达
马克思主义的学习和研究1 实践：practice43 交换：exchange2 全球化：globalization44 引导：Guide3 生产：production45 共同体：CommunitySocialism4 社会主义：46 复合：compoundMarxism5 马克思主义：47 选举：election历史：history6 48 非理性：irrationality7 趋势：trend49 原子：atom马克思：Marx8 50 阶级：class9 自由：freedom51 辩证法：dialectic10 特征：characteristic52 现实性：reality11 时间：time53 财富：wealth12 经济学：economics54 中国化：Sinicization资本：capital13 55 真：Truthparadigm14 范式：56 官僚制：Bureaucracyclass15 类：57 法院：court16 资本主义：capitalism58 斯大林：Stalin17 self自我：59 唯物主义：materialism18 革命：revolution60 二元论：dualismexistentialism19 存在主义：61 存在论：Ontology20 批判：criticism62 意蕴：Implication21 大众化：popularization63 相互关系：relationship22 形而上学：metaphysics64 哈耶克：Hayekexistence23 存在：65 研究综述：reviewLenin24 列宁：66 解放：liberation结合：25 Combination67 实践性：practiceHegel26 黑格尔：68 紧迫性：urgencyhappiness幸福：27 69 物质：material超越：transcendence28 70 表现形式：manifestation29 nature本质：71 社群主义：communication交往：30 communitarianism 31 sign符号：72 生态文明：Engels32 恩格斯：eco-civilization33 benefit利益：73 人：person哈贝马斯：Habermas34 74 后现代性：post-modernity未来：35 future ripening75 成熟：36 必然性：inevitability Feuerbach76 费尔巴哈：解释学：37 hermeneutics无为：inaction7738 共产主义：communism imperialism帝国主义：78主体间性：39 Inter-subjectivity Fromm79 弗洛姆：deconstruction解构主义：40 深化：deepen80Abstract抽象：41 goodness81 善：社会性：42 sociality目的论：82 teleology新陈代谢：metabolism83 历史性：historic12684 《圣经》：Bible对策与措施：12785 无政府主义：Anarchism countermeasures86 上层建筑：superstructure立场：position128Gramsci87 葛兰西：物质性：Materiality129决定论：88 determinism mythology130 神话学：89 时机：opportunity outline131 大纲：totality90 总体性：livelihood132 民生：个体主义：individualism91 Luxury133 奢侈：鸦片：Opium92 Capital134 资本论：intermediary93 中介：Manuscript135 手稿：考评：Evaluation94 Baudrillard136 鲍德里亚：整体性：integration95 scepticism137 怀疑论：machine机器：96 motility138 运动性：mercantilism97 重商主义：example139 例证：Jameson98 詹姆逊：simplification140 简单化：99 后马克思主义：post-Marxism objective141 客观性：100 在场：presence bourgeois142 资产阶级：viewpoint101 观点：奠基：foundation143102 大同：Datong物质主义：materialism144Criticism103 批判性：家务劳动：housework145104 自然界：nature依赖：Dependency146105 商榷：discuss灌输：indoctrination147伦理思想：106 ethics普罗米修斯：Prometheus148humanism107 人本思想：foundation149 基石：飞跃：108 leap Overproduction150 生产过剩：humanism109 人学：practice151 实践论：110 诺齐克：Nozick hegemony152 领导权：111 缺席：absence Analysis153 论析：Colony殖民地：112 clan154 氏族：唯物论：Materialism113 身体美学：155 Somaesthetics商品：114 merchandise反作用：reaction156proletariat115 无产阶级：相异性：difference157116 sublate扬弃：革命性：revolutionary158117 rationality合理：Schumpeter159 熊彼特：对象化：118 objectification fetishism160 拜物教：政体：regime119 development161 弘扬：价值性：120 Value自我批判：self-criticism162萌芽：121 germination freedom自由观：163禁欲主义：122 asceticism monogamy164 一夫一妻制：可能：possibility123 提纲：outline165124 probability可能性：Existence166 生存论：生存：125 exist伊壁鸠鲁：167 Epicurus212会通integratio213世界性Globalizatio214人本论humanis215通俗化populariz216奥尔曼Ollma217没有meiyo218生态马克思主义Eco-Marxis 219抽象性abstractiv220革命家revolutionis221当代性Contemporaneit222辩证性dialecti223直观Objectiv224实然bein225弗雷泽Fraze226维护性maintainabilit227矛盾关系Contradictio228思想体系ideolog229自由人liber230对象性objectiv231自我确证self-confirmatio 232相通性similarit233资本主义制度capitalis 234重农主义physiocrac235历史化historicalizatio 236觉悟consciousnes237商品生产commodit238经典著作classic239总论Pandec240调节控制contro241无限性limitlessnes242征服Conquerin243对立论Oppositio244发展前途Perspectiv245思想政治教育方法metho 246现代性问题modernit247SSpost-SS248时代化modernizatio249历史源流origi250产生根源root251克拉克Clar252禁欲abstinenc253赫勒Helle254方法论特征methodologself-concep自我观255212 会通：integration213 世界性：Globalization214 人本论：humanism215 通俗化：popularize216 奥尔曼：Ollman217 没有：meiyou218 生态马克思主义：Eco-Marxism 219 抽象性：abstractive220 革命家：revolutionist221 当代性：Contemporaneity222 辩证性：dialectic223 直观：Objective224 实然：being225 弗雷泽：Frazer226 维护性：maintainability227 矛盾关系：Contradiction228 思想体系：ideology229 自由人：libero230 对象性：objective231 自我确证：self-confirmation 232 相通性：similarity233 资本主义制度：capitalism 234 重农主义：physiocracy235 历史化：historicalization 236 觉悟：consciousness237 商品生产：commodity238 经典著作：classics239 总论：Pandect240 调节控制：control241 无限性：limitlessness242 征服：Conquering243 对立论：Opposition244 发展前途：Perspective245 思想政治教育方法：method 246 现代性问题：modernity247 后SSK：post-SSK248 时代化：modernization249 历史源流：origin250 产生根源：roots251 克拉克：Clark252 禁欲：abstinency253 赫勒：Heller254 方法论特征：methodology255 自我观：self-concept168 消灭：Elimination212 会通：integration169 复归：revert213 世界性：Globalization214 人本论：170 生成性：generative humanism215 通俗化：popularize171 人本学：humanism216 奥尔曼：Ollman172 民本：people-oriented217 没有：humanism meiyou173 人本观：218 174 新发展：development生态马克思主义：Eco-Marxism219 匮乏：175 lack抽象性：abstractive220 革命家：176 《手稿》：Manuscript revolutionist221 当代性：Contemporaneity177 自我纠错：self-correction222 辩证性：dialecticBerlin178 伯林：223 直观：Objective能力本位：179 ability-based224 实然：being180 接合：Joint225 弗雷泽：Frazer181 虚假性：Falsity226 维护性：maintainabilitydoctrinairism182 教条主义：227 矛盾关系：贫困问题：183 Poverty Contradiction228 思想体系：184 幽灵：ghostideology229 185 价值论：values自由人：libero230 environmentalism186 环境主义：对象性：objective231 自我确证：self-confirmation现实：187 realism232 相通性：similarity188 高兹：Gorz233 资本主义制度：189 向度：orientationcapitalism234 thinkers思想家：重农主义：physiocracy190235 191 历史化：historicalization匿名化：anonymization236 觉悟：192 欧洲中心论：Euro-centrismconsciousness237 商品生产：commodity否定性：193 negation238 经典著作：apriority194 先验性：classics239 伯恩施坦：195 Bernstein总论：Pandect240 Reification196 物象化：调节控制：control241 无限性：limitlessness争鸣：197 discussion242 征服：Conquering prospect198 前途：243 享乐主义：199 gastronomy对立论：Opposition244 发展前途：working200 劳动：Perspective245 思想政治教育方法：必然：201 necessarymethod246 202 唯心主义：现代性问题：modernitymentalism247 后SSK Gonghe：post-SSK共和：203248 时代化：modernization materialism唯物：204249 历史源流：origin生态主义：205 ecologicalism250 产生根源：thought206 思辨：roots251 克拉克：alienation异化现象：207 Clark252 208 禁欲：advancement进步性：abstinency253 赫勒：Heller positivism实证论：209254 方法论特征：vision210 视阈：methodology255 211 自我观：equality平等观：self-concept256 文本学：Textology列宁主义的学习及研究257 统摄：govern258 蒲鲁东：Proudhon1 社会主义：Socialism rationalism259 理性思想： 2 启示：Inspiration260 胡萨米：Husami 3 真理：truthMarxism261 马克思主义学说： 4 列宁：LeninPost-colonialism262 后殖民主义批评： 5 解释学：hermeneutics自我所有：263 Self-Ownership6 辩证法：dialectic264 .柯亨：7 斯大林：Stalin265 警惕：guard8 妥协：compromise266 呵护：care9 帝国主义：imperialism错误倾向：fault-prone267 10 葛兰西：Gramsci图景：268 Vision11 时机：opportunity269 具体规定性：specific-based12 国有化：nationalization270 多维阐释：releases13 官僚主义：bureaucracy重新解读：re-interpret271 14 列宁主义：Leninism马克思主义真理观：272 Marxism15 政权：regime273 马克思学：Marxology16 修正主义：Revisionism274 吕贝尔：Rubel17 普列汉诺夫：Plekhanov Negri275 奈格里：18 灌输：indoctrination前提假设：276 Presumption19 公开性：publicity信仰学：beliefology277 20 伯恩施坦：Bernstein278 unidiscipline一体化学科：21 进步性：advancement Wood279 伍德：22 新帝国主义：neo-imperialism历时：共时280 -synchronic-diachronic23 民粹派：populistsEurope281 欧洲社会：24 灌输思想：indoctrinization282 ideology意识形态领域：杜林：Duhring2831 读书：reading马克思主义女权主义：284 Marxist-Feminism2 奠基者：founder285 超自然主义：supernaturalism3 说服力：Persuasion286 Anti-Duhring反杜林论：4 接班人：successors俄国化：287 Russianize5 人格魅力：personalityMcLellan麦克莱伦：288 6 思想家：thinkerstraditionalized289 传统化：7 探源：probe290 始祖：forefather8 人格品质：personality李秀林：291 Lixiulin9 立志：Resolution-自然292 –nature社会：society10 题词：inscription伪自由：293 pseudo-freedom Rupture决裂：11毛泽东思想的学习和研究1 发展：development43 官僚主义：bureaucracySocialism2 社会主义：44 贫穷：poverty马克思主义：Marxism3 45 废除：abolish4 改革：reformation46 精髓：quintessencetransformation5 改造：47 用法：use继承：inheritance6 48 民生：livelihood革命：revolution7 49 气：gas8 大众化：popularization50 德：De9 列宁：Lenin51 主动权：Initiative版本：10 edition52 坚持：Persistence11 探索：explore53 资产阶级：bourgeois12 思想：ideology54 奠基：foundation13 实质：essence55 评介：comment14 individual个人：56 打击：Strikeexperiences15 经验：57 领土：territory16 理想主义：idealism58 实践论：practice17 成功：success59 戈尔巴乔夫：Gorbachevcreate创造：18 60 奠基人：founder19 经验主义：Empiricism61 开拓创新：innovation评析：20 analysis62 再认识：Review财富：wealth21 63 革命性：revolutionary22 Sinicization中国化：64 校训：motto23 诗词：poetry65 志：will24 斯大林：Stalin66 发扬：development误解：misunderstanding25 67 救世：salvation纬度：26 Latitude68 宗旨：tenet高技术：high-tech27 69 丰碑：monument修改：28 modification70 两难选择：dilemma29 超验主义：Transcendentalism71 群体性：group两极分化：30 polarization72 精神特质：Ethospopulism31 民粹主义：73 课堂导入：lead-incharacteristics特质：32 74 本质论：essentialismprivilege33 特权：75 精神气质：ethos继承性：34 inheritance76 合作化：cooperative35 philosophy哲学思想：77 教条主义：doctrinairism独立自主：36 Independence78 破折号：dashazimuth37 方位：79 史华慈：Schwartz38 个体性：individuality80 述论：review批判性：39 Criticism81 立足点：standethics伦理思想：40 82 调动：Mobilizepolicy方针：41 83 学问：knowledge探析：42 study邓小平的学习及研究change84 通变：85 侧重点：emphasis 1 发展：development86 反官僚主义：anti-bureaucracy 2 改革：reformation87 整体化：integrated 3 改造：transformation88 再解读：reinterpretation 4 继承：inheritance89 墨家思想：Mohism 5 探索：explore90 揭示：disclosure 6 思想：ideology91 纪念活动：Commemoration7 实质：essence92 反对：opposition8 评析：analysis9 两极分化：polarization93 整顿：rectifying10 特质：characteristics94 矛盾论：contradiction11 特权：95 反腐防腐：anti-corruption privilege12 继承性：inheritance anti-corruption96 拒腐防变：13 方位：azimuth97 发言权：floor14 Marxian98 马克思主义者：批判性：Criticism15 伦理思想：ethics99 识：taste16 探析：study Difference100 歧异：17 贫穷：precedence101 超前性：poverty18 102 治学：废除：abolish learning19 精髓：development103 成长成才：quintessence20 民生：livelihoodbenefit104 有利：21 坚持：Persistence initiator105 开创者：22 打击：Strike calmness106 静：23 戈尔巴乔夫：stability稳定思想：Gorbachev 10724 开拓创新：innovationbucket108 斗：25 发扬：developmentJapan109 科学技术政策：26 精神特质：EthosTian-jiaying110 田家英：27 精神气质：ethosUnreasonable111 有理：28 调动：geo-diplomacy地缘外交：Mobilize11229 学问：knowledge Harmoniousism113 和谐主义：30 侧重点：emphasis Maozedongism114 毛泽东主义：31 反官僚主义：anti-bureaucracyMeisner115 迈斯纳：still116 动：再解读：reinterpretation32117 知识分子观：disclosure Intellctual-opinion33 揭示：opposition34 反对：housecleaning118 肃清：good-neighbour119 睦邻安邦：整顿：rectifying35120 革命军人：开创者：soldiersinitiator36stability sage奇杰：121 37 稳定思想：知识分子观：38Intellctual-opinion39 肃清：housecleaning睦邻安邦：40 good-neighbour。
马克思主义哲学原理课程基本内容(中英)
第一章马克思主义哲学是科学的世界观和方法论Chapter 1 Marxist philosophy is a scientific world outlook and methodology1)哲学是世界观的理论形态。
哲学基本问题Philosophy is the theoretical form of world outlook; Basic issues of philosophy2)哲学基本派别：唯物主义与唯心主义及其历史形态Fundamental schools of philosophy: materialism and idealism and their historical forms3)哲学的时代性、民族性和阶级性。
哲学在民族文化中的地位Epochal, national and class characters of philosophy. Status ofphilosophy in national culture4)马克思主义哲学的产生及其伟大变革。
与时俱进的理论品质Emergence and great changes of Marxist philosophy; Theoretical character of advancement with the times5)马克思主义哲学的中国化。
“三个代表”重要思想是马克思主义中国化的最新成果Sinicization of Marxist philosophy. The important thought of "Three Represents" is the latest achievement of the localization of Marxist philosophy in China6)学习哲学，终生受益Learning philosophy benefits you in your whole life.第二章世界的物质统一性Chapter 2 Material unity of the world1)物质是标志客观实在的哲学范畴。
马克思主义基本原理专业中英文名词解释
马克思主义基本原理专业词汇马克思主义政治经济学Marxist political economics马克思主义政治经济学的方法methods of Marxist political economics古典经济学 classical economics空想社会主义 utopian socialism劳动过程 labour process生产力 productivity生产关系relations of production生产方式mode of production劳动对象objects of labour劳动资料means of labour体力劳动manual labour脑力劳动mental labour 经济基础economic base上层建筑super structure 生产 production交换 exchange分配 distribution消费 consumption经济规律economic law基本经济规律basic economic law唯物辩证法materialist dialectics科学抽象法scientific abstraction归纳和演绎法induction and deduction经济制度economic system简单协作simple cooperation工场手工业manufacture产业革命Industrial Revolution机器大工业modern mechanical industry资本主义工业化capitalist industrialization资本主义所有制capitalist ownership资产阶级bourgeois无产阶级proletariat经济机制economic mechanism计划经济planned economy市场经济 market economy自然经济natural economy 商品经济 commodity economy 原始社会primitive society奴隶社会slave society封建社会feudal society资本主义社会capitalist society社会主义社会socialist society共产主义社会communist society具体劳动concrete labour 抽象劳动abstract labour 价值量amount of value个别劳动时间individual labour time社会必要劳动时间 socially necessary labour time劳动价值理论labour theory of value供求规律law of the supply and demand竞争规律law of the competition价格机制price mechanism价值规律 law of the value通货紧缩deflation通货膨胀inflation纸币流通规律 law of the circulation of paper money纸币paper money货币流通规律law of the circulation of money价值符号symbols of value信用货币credit money货币形式money form一般等价物universal equivalent相对价值形式relative form of value一般价值形式universal form of value等价形式equivalent form of value总和的或扩大的价值形式 total or expanded form of value简单的或偶然的价值形式 elementary or accidental form of value 价值形式form of value社会劳动social labour私人劳动individual labour劳动生产率labour productivity复杂劳动complex labour简单劳动simple labour商品commodities商品交换exchange of commodities价值value交换价值exchange value使用价值 use value 资本capital资本总公式 general formula for capital商品流通circulation of commodities劳动力labour power劳动力的使用价值 use value of the labour power 劳动力价值value of labour power雇佣劳动hired labour雇佣劳动制度hired labour system劳动过程labour process价值形成过程process of creating value价值增殖过程process of producing surplus value 工作日working day必要劳动necessary labour剩余劳动surplus labour剩余价值surplus value不变资本constant capital可变资本variable capital剩余价值率rate of surplus value计件工资piece wages计时工资time wages 名义工资nominal wages实际工资real wages 绝对剩余价值absolute surplus value相对剩余价值relative surplus value超额剩余价值extra surplus value个别价值individual value社会价值social value剥削exploitation资本主义简单再生产capitalist simple reproduction资本主义扩大再生产capitalist reproduction on extended scale资本原始积累primitive accumulation of capital资本技术构成technical composition of capital资本价值构成value composition of capital资本有机构成organic composition of capital失业unemployment相对过剩人口relative surplus-population绝对过剩人口absolute surplus population流动的过剩人口floating surplus population潜在的过剩人口latent surplus population停滞的过剩人口stagnant surplus-population资本集中centralization of capital资本积聚concentration of capital资本主义积累的历史趋势historical tendency of capitalist accumulation资本主义积累的一般规律 general law of capitalist accumulation 成本价格cost price利润profit利润率rate of profit平均利润average profit平均利润率average rate of profit产业利润 industrial profit商业资本 commercial capital商业利润commercial profit借贷资本loan capital利息interest职能资本家functional capitalist银行资本banking capital银行利润profit of bank 资本主义地租capitalist rent级差地租differential rent绝对地租 absolute rent超额利润extra profit自由竞争资本主义laisser-faire capitalism垄断资本主义monopoly capitalism圈地运动enclosure movement in England生产集中centralization of production垄断monopoly垄断资本monopoly capital垄断价格monopoly price垄断利润monopoly profit垄断组织monopolies帝国主义imperialism短期价格协定temporary price agreement辛迪加syndicate卡特尔cartel托拉斯trust康采恩konzern(concern)国家垄断资本主义state monopoly capitalism罗斯福新政Rossevelt’s New Deal福利国家制度welfare state system持股公司holding company资本主义基本矛盾basic contradiction of capitalism生产社会化socialization of production资本循环circuit of capital资本周转turnover of capital产业资本industrial capital产业资本家industrial capitalist职能资本functional capital产业资本industrial capital 货币资本money capital生产资本productive capital 商品资本commodity capital流通过程process of circulation资本周转速度velocity of turnover of capital资本周转时间time of turnover of capital流通时间time of circulation固定资本fixed capital流动资本circulating capital固定资本磨损 wear and tear of fixed capital有形磨损(物质磨损) visible damage无形磨损(精神磨损) moral depreciation折旧 depreciation预付资本 advanced capital年剩余价值率 annual rate of surplus value个别资本 individual capital社会资本 social capital社会资本的再生产 reproduction of the social capital社会总产品 aggregate social product生产资料 means of production消费资料 means of subsistence经济危机 economic crisis 危机 crisis生产相对过剩 relative overproduction萧条 Depression 停滞膨胀 stagflation生产无政府状态 anarchy of capitalist production资本主义再生产的周期性cyclical fluctuation of capitalist reproduction固定资本更新 replacement of fixed capital金融资本 financial capital 金融寡头 financial oligarch参与制 system of holdings 需求管理 demand management 财政政策 public finance policy 税收政策 tax policy财政支出 fiscal expenditure 财政收入 fiscal revenues “时延” time lag 自动稳定器 built-in stabilizer财政赤字 fiscal deficit货币政策 monetary policy公开市场业务 open-market operations法定准备金率 legal reserve rate再贴现利率 rediscount-rate政府债券 government bond资本主义国有化 capitalist nationalization资本主义经济计划化 planning in capitalist economy反垄断法 antitrust law马克思主义经济学著作在中国的传播 dissemination of Marxist economic works in China新民主主义经济 new_democratic economy新民主主义革命new_democratic revolution新民主主义三大经济纲领three general economic programmes for the Chinese new_democracy公营经济public economy中国土地改革land reform in China从资本主义向社会主义的过渡transition from capitalism to socialism过渡时期多种经济成分manifold economic sectors in the transition period没收官僚资本confiscation of bureaucrat capital稳定物价stabilizing commodity prices过渡时期总路线general line for the transition period中国的社会主义改造socialist transformation in china中国农业的社会主义改造socialist transformation of agriculture in China农业合作化agricultural cooperation movement of China农业生产互助组agricultural producers’mutual aid team 农业生产合作社agricultural producers’cooperative初级农业生产合作社elementary agricultural producers’cooperative高级农业生产合作社advanced agricultural producers’cooperative中国手工业的社会主义改造socialist transformation of the handicraft in China 中国资本主义工商业的社会主义改造socialist transformation of capitalist industry and c ommerce in China赎买政策policy of redemption中国过渡时期国家资本主义national capitalism of thetransition period in China公私合营joint state-private ownership中国的社会主义初级阶段primary stage of socialism in China社会主义社会的经济制度economic system of socialist society社会主义生产方式socialist mode of production计划经济planned economy社会主义基本经济规律basic economic law of socialism 按劳分配规律law of distribution according to work社会主义社会的生产资料所有制owership of the means of production of socialist society社会主义国家所有制socialist state ownership社会主义国营经济socialist state operated economy集体所有制collective ownership社会主义合作经济cooperative economy in socialist society城镇集体所有制经济collective economy in cities and towns个体经济individual economy私营经济private sector of the economy中外合营企业Chinese-foreign joint ventures and co-operative enterprises外商独资企业exclusively foreign-owned enterprises人民公社people’s commune社会主义社会的公共财产public property in socialist society社会主义社会的个人财产individual property in socialist society物质鼓励和精神鼓励相结合combination of material reward and moral encouragement社会主义市场经济socialist market economy计划经济 planned economy市场经济market economy公司corporation股票equity市场market金融市场financial market劳动市场labor market市场失灵market failure国内生产总值gross domestic product中央银行central bank商业银行commercial bank 充分就业full-employment经济增长economy growth通货膨胀inflation通货膨胀率inflation rate通货紧缩deflation社会保障social insurance社会福利social welfare失业保险unemployment insurance最低工资minimum wage医疗保险health insurance福利政策welfare policies绝对优势 absolute advantage比较优势 comparative advantage自然禀赋natural endowments国际分工international divide the work垂直型国际分工vertical international divide the work水平型国际分工level international divide the work自由贸易 free trade进口 imports 出口 exports进口替代import substitution贸易赤字trade deficit贸易集团 trading blocs横向一体化horizontal integration纵向一体化vertical integration 纵向合并 vertical merger 金融投资financial investments金融体系 financial system开放经济open economy封闭经济closed economy 资本流入capital inflow 资本市场capital market 资本流出capital outflow公司corporation债务debt发达国家或工业化国家developed or industrialized countries发展中国家developing countries新兴工业化国家developed or industrialized countries欧洲联盟European Union贸易 trade 金融 finance北美自由贸易区North America Free Trade Area,NAFTA亚太经济合作组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)进入障碍barriers of entry关税壁垒tariff wall贸易壁垒trade barrier非关税壁垒non-tariff barriers倾销dumping汇率exchange rate出口导向型增长export-led growth多边贸易multilateral trad 保护主义protectionism幼稚产业保护论infant industry argument for protection知识产权intellectual property共同基金mutual fund国际贸易international trade国际收支balance of payments经济全球化globalization of economy生产全球化globalization of production贸易全球化globalization of trade资本全球化globalization of capital金融全球化globalization of finance资本输出export of capital商品输出export of commodity对外开放opening to the world社会主义经济socialist economy信息经济informational economy电子商务Electronic Commerce EC跨国公司Multinational Corporation区域集团regionally group奴隶贸易trade of slaves殖民地colony世界市场market of world劳务service技术technology信息information知识knowledge自由贸易区free trade area关税同盟customs union关税tariff进口配额quota of imports共同市场common market产业政策policy of industry完全一体化all-in-one矛盾contradiction冲突 conflict协调coordinate合作cooperate 经济格局economic situation世界银行 World Bank国际货币基金组织International Monetary Fund,IMF世界贸易组织World Trade Organization,WTO经济合作与开发组织Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, OECD政府首脑head of government国际经济秩序order of the international economy机遇 opportunity 挑战 challenge工业制成品industry products初级产品primary products不平衡性imbalance后发优势advantage of latercomer贸易条件condition of trade新殖民主义the new-colonialism战略格局stratagem structure经济特区special economic zone国民待遇national treatment独立自主paddle one's own canoe自力更生self-dependence经济安全safety of economy。
马克思主义类英文词汇
马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、三个代表重要思想Marxism-Lenin ｉsm，Mａo ＺｅdonｇTｈｏught, Dｅng Xiａo-ping Ｔheorｙ,JiaｎｇＺｅmiｎ"ThreｅReｐresｅnｔ’s”important Ｔhought、新民主主义革命ｎｅw－dｅmｏcraｔｉｃrevoluｔｉon 民族独立与人民解放nａｔioｎal independence ａｎｄｔhｅｌiberation oｆthe ｐeoｐle经济体制改革与政治体制改革reｆoｒms iｎｔhe eｃonｏmｉc and politiｃaｌstｒｕｃｔure、社会主义制度sociａlisｔｓysteｍ社会变革soｃial tｒaｎsformatio n、建设有中国特色得社会主义事业tｈｅｃａuｓｅof buｉｌdinｇsｏcialism ｗiｔh Chiｎeｓe cｈａractｅrｉsｔics、中华民族得伟大复兴tｈe gｒeat rｅjuvenatioｎof ｔhe Ｃhinｅｓe natｉｏn、（rｅｊuvenate 使充满活力，使复原,使再生）党在社会主义初级阶段得基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领tｈe ｂasｉｃtheorｙ,liｎe ａnd ｐｒogram oｆｏｕr Parｔy in tｈｅprimaｒy stagｅoｆsocialism、改革开放政策tｈe pｏliｃieｓoｆreform andｏpenｉng to th ｅｏutside、中国共产党十一届三中全会ThｅTｈird Plｅnaｒy Session oｆｔｈe １1ｔｈＣentrａｌmitｔee ｏf ｔhe ｍunisｔParty ｏf Chiｎa、马克思主义政党Marxist political Paｒty、党得第一(第二、第三）代中央领导集体tｈｅcolleｃｔiｖe lｅadｅｒｓｈｉp of tｈe Party Centraｌmitteｅof the first（secｏｎd\third) geｎeｒａtｉｏn、人民民主专政thｅpeopｌe's ｄｅmocｒatic diｃtatorsｈｉp国民经济体系natiｏnal economic sｙsｔｅm、综合国力aｇgrｅgａｔe（ａdj、共计得)nａtiｏnaｌｓｔrｅng th、国内生产总值ｔhe ａｎnuａlｇrosｓｄomｅstｉc prodｕct(ＧD P）、独立自主得与平外交政策an iｎdependｅntｆoｒeｉgn poｌicy of peace、马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合thｅｆｕndａmental pｒi ｎｃiｐｌes of Ｍaｒｘism witｈthe spｅciｆｉｃsitｕａｔion in Ch ｉna、加强与改进党得建设,不断增强党得创造力、凝聚力与战斗力,永葆党得生机与活力ｓtrｅnｇthen and impｒoｖe Ｐarty bｕｉldinｇ，cｏntinu ously eｎhaｎce thｅcrｅaｔivitｙ，raｌlｙing (集合,召集）pｏwer and bat cａｐaｂｉlitｙoｆtｈe Ｐarty，andａlways mａintaiｎiｔs vigo r ａnd viｔａｌｉty、“三个代表”就就是必须代表中国先进生产力得发展要求，代表中国先进文化得前进方向，代表中国最广大人民得根本利益,就是我们党得立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，就是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性得根本体现与根本要求。
共产党宣言 英文 专业词汇
专业词汇：Marxism：马克思主义The left ：左派Natural Limits：自然限制Ecocentric ：生态中心论Ecology：生态学Labour-process：劳动过程Domination of nature：支配自然Ecocentrism：生态中心主义Ecologically friendly：生态友好型Human emancipation：人类解放Classical Political Economy：古典政治经济学Capitalist：资本主义者Ecosystem：生态系统Historical materialism：历史唯物主义Thermodynamics：热力学定律Outer limits：外部限制Limits to growth：生长限制Intentional structure：意图结构Use-value：使用价值Raw material：原材料Eco –regulatory：生态规则Product：产品Chemical：化学品Topographical：地形学的Promethean：普罗米修斯Materialism ：唯物主义Naturalism：自然主义Conceptualization：概念化Synthetic：综合的、合成的Non-manipulability：不可操作性Technical innovation：技术创新Ecological implication：生态意蕴Natural barriers：生态限制Hegel：黑格尔Ideology：意识形态Darwinism：达尔文主义Metabolism：新陈代谢Sustainability：持续性Mechanisms：机制、机构Philosophy:哲学1844 Manuscripts：1844年手稿Modernism：现实主义Romanticism：浪漫主义Self-mystificaton：自我的神秘Anthropocentrism：人类中心主义Value-relativism：价值相对主义Ecological values：生态价值观Dynamism：推动力Utopian：乌托邦Anthropomorphic：人类中心的Pantheistc：泛神论的Idealist：空想家、唯心主义者Intrinsic value：固有价值Aesthetic valuation：审美价值。
《马克思主义基本原理》的英文
《马克思主义基本原理》的英文Marxism is a comprehensive socioeconomic, political, and philosophical system developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th century. It is a critique of capitalism and a vision for a socialist and communist society. The fundamental principles of Marxism are the analysis of the capitalist mode of production, the class struggle, and the eventual establishment of a classless, communist society.One of the core tenets of Marxism is the labor theory of value. This theory states that the value of a commodity is determined by the amount of socially necessary labor time required to produce it. In other words, the value of a product is not determined by its utility or scarcity, but by the amount of labor that has been expended in its production. This leads to the concept of surplus value, which is the difference between the value created by the worker and the wage they receive.According to Marxism, the capitalist system is inherently exploitative because the capitalist class, or bourgeoisie, appropriates the surplus value created by the working class, or proletariat. The proletariat is forced to sell their labor power to the bourgeoisie in order to survive,and the bourgeoisie uses this labor to generate profits. This creates a fundamental conflict of interests between the two classes, which is known as the class struggle.Marxism argues that the class struggle is the driving force of historical change. The proletariat, being the majority of the population and the producers of wealth, will eventually rise up and overthrow the capitalist system, seizing the means of production and establishing a socialist or communist society. In this new society, the means of production will be owned collectively by the workers, and the exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie will be eliminated.Another key concept in Marxism is the historical materialist view of society. This holds that the material conditions of production, such as the level of technological development and the organization of labor, are the primary determinants of the social, political, and cultural superstructure of a society. The economic base, or mode of production, shapes the political, legal, and ideological institutions that govern a society.Marxism also emphasizes the dialectical nature of social change. This means that the contradictions and conflicts within a society, such as the class struggle, are the driving forces of historical development. The resolution of these contradictions through revolutionary changeleads to the emergence of a new social order.The influence of Marxism has been widespread and profound, shaping the political and economic systems of many countries throughout the 20th century. The ideas of Marx and Engels have been interpreted and applied in various ways, leading to the development of different strains of Marxism, such as Leninism, Stalinism, and Maoism.Despite the collapse of the Soviet Union and the decline of communist regimes in the late 20th century, Marxism continues to be a significant force in political and intellectual discourse. Its analysis of the inherent contradictions of capitalism and its vision of a more equitable and just social order continue to resonate with many people around the world.In conclusion, Marxism is a complex and multifaceted system of thought that has had a profound impact on the course of history. Its core principles of the labor theory of value, the class struggle, and the historical materialist view of society continue to be the subject of ongoing debate and discussion. As the world grapples with the challenges of inequality, exploitation, and environmental degradation, the ideas of Marx and Engels remain relevant and compelling.。
marxism马克思主义英文解读
2 Values have a guiding role.
Developing view
We should solve problems with a developing view and be confident to the future.
Contradictory view
We'll admit contradiction, analysis contradiction, reveal contradiction, looking for the right way to solve the contradiction.
The world is dynamic， changing and developing. Time and space is the form of the changing world. And everything has its own objective laws.
2 Everything is connerldviews
worldviews
Dialectical materialism 辩证唯物主义
Historical materialism 历史唯物主义
Dialectical materialism
1 The material determines consciousness.
Solve the problem with negative view. （否定观）
（完整版）马克思主义英语专业词汇
（完整版）马克思主义英语专业词汇马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、三个代表重要思想Marxism-Leninism,Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory,Jiang Zemin"Three Represe nt's"important Thought.新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people 经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure.社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation.建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.（rejuvenate使充满活力，使复原，使再生）党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory,line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism.改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside.中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.马克思主义政党Marxist political Party.党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first(second\third)generation.人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system.综合国力aggregate（adj.共计的）national strength.国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP).独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace.马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamentalprinciples of Marxism with the specific situation in China.加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building,continuously enhance the creativity,rallying（集合，召集）power and combat capability of the Party,and always maintain its vigor and vitality.“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
马克思主义哲学原理课程基本内容(中英)
第一章马克思主义哲学是科学的世界观和方法论Chapter 1 Marxist philosophy is a scientific world outlook and methodology1)哲学是世界观的理论形态。
哲学基本问题Philosophy is the theoretical form of world outlook; Basic issues of philosophy2)哲学基本派别：唯物主义与唯心主义及其历史形态Fundamental schools of philosophy: materialism and idealism and their historical forms3)哲学的时代性、民族性和阶级性。
哲学在民族文化中的地位Epochal, national and class characters of philosophy. Status ofphilosophy in national culture4)马克思主义哲学的产生及其伟大变革。
与时俱进的理论品质Emergence and great changes of Marxist philosophy; Theoretical character of advancement with the times5)马克思主义哲学的中国化。
“三个代表”重要思想是马克思主义中国化的最新成果Sinicization of Marxist philosophy. The important thought of "Three Represents" is the latest achievement of the localization of Marxist philosophy in China6)学习哲学，终生受益Learning philosophy benefits you in your whole life.第二章世界的物质统一性Chapter 2 Material unity of the world1)物质是标志客观实在的哲学范畴。
(完整版)马克思主义相关英语表达
马克思主义的学习和研究1 实践：practice2 全球化：globalization3 生产：production4 社会主义：Socialism5 马克思主义：Marxism6 历史：history7 趋势：trend8 马克思：Marx9 自由：freedom10 特征：characteristic11 时间：time12 经济学：economics13 资本：capital14 范式：paradigm15 类：class16 资本主义：capitalism17 自我：self18 革命：revolution19 存在主义：existentialism20 批判：criticism21 大众化：popularization22 形而上学：metaphysics23 存在：existence24 列宁：Lenin25 结合：Combination26 黑格尔：Hegel27 幸福：happiness28 超越：transcendence29 本质：nature30 交往：communication31 符号：sign32 恩格斯：Engels33 利益：benefit34 哈贝马斯：Habermas35 未来：future36 必然性：inevitability37 解释学：hermeneutics38 共产主义：communism39 主体间性：Inter-subjectivity40 解构主义：deconstruction41 抽象：Abstract42 社会性：sociality 43 交换：exchange44 引导：Guide45 共同体：Community46 复合：compound47 选举：election48 非理性：irrationality49 原子：atom50 阶级：class51 辩证法：dialectic52 现实性：reality53 财富：wealth54 中国化：Sinicization55 真：Truth56 官僚制：Bureaucracy57 法院：court58 斯大林：Stalin59 唯物主义：materialism60 二元论：dualism61 存在论：Ontology62 意蕴：Implication63 相互关系：relationship64 哈耶克：Hayek65 研究综述：review66 解放：liberation67 实践性：practice68 紧迫性：urgency69 物质：material70 表现形式：manifestation71 社群主义：communitarianism72 生态文明：eco-civilization73 人：person74 后现代性：post-modernity75 成熟：ripening76 费尔巴哈：Feuerbach77 无为：inaction78 帝国主义：imperialism79 弗洛姆：Fromm80 深化：deepen81 善：goodness82 目的论：teleology83 新陈代谢：metabolism84 《圣经》：Bible85 无政府主义：Anarchism86 上层建筑：superstructure87 葛兰西：Gramsci88 决定论：determinism89 时机：opportunity90 总体性：totality91 个体主义：individualism92 鸦片：Opium93 中介：intermediary94 考评：Evaluation95 整体性：integration96 机器：machine97 重商主义：mercantilism98 詹姆逊：Jameson99 后马克思主义：post-Marxism 100 在场：presence101 观点：viewpoint102 大同：Datong103 批判性：Criticism104 自然界：nature105 商榷：discuss106 伦理思想：ethics107 人本思想：humanism108 飞跃：leap109 人学：humanism110 诺齐克：Nozick111 缺席：absence112 殖民地：Colony113 唯物论：Materialism114 商品：merchandise115 无产阶级：proletariat116 扬弃：sublate117 合理：rationality118 对象化：objectification119 政体：regime120 价值性：Value121 萌芽：germination122 禁欲主义：asceticism123 可能：possibility124 可能性：probability125 生存：exist 126 历史性：historic127 对策与措施：countermeasures128 立场：position129 物质性：Materiality130 神话学：mythology131 大纲：outline132 民生：livelihood133 奢侈：Luxury134 资本论：Capital135 手稿：Manuscript136 鲍德里亚：Baudrillard137 怀疑论：scepticism138 运动性：motility139 例证：example140 简单化：simplification141 客观性：objective142 资产阶级：bourgeois143 奠基：foundation144 物质主义：materialism145 家务劳动：housework146 依赖：Dependency147 灌输：indoctrination148 普罗米修斯：Prometheus 149 基石：foundation150 生产过剩：Overproduction 151 实践论：practice152 领导权：hegemony153 论析：Analysis154 氏族：clan155 身体美学：Somaesthetics 156 反作用：reaction157 相异性：difference158 革命性：revolutionary 159 熊彼特：Schumpeter160 拜物教：fetishism161 弘扬：development162 自我批判：self-criticism 163 自由观：freedom164 一夫一妻制：monogamy165 提纲：outline166 生存论：Existence167 伊壁鸠鲁：Epicurus255 自我观：self-concept212 会通：integration213 世界性：Globalization214 人本论：humanism215 通俗化：popularize216 奥尔曼：Ollman217 没有：meiyou218 生态马克思主义：Eco-Marxism 219 抽象性：abstractive220 革命家：revolutionist221 当代性：Contemporaneity222 辩证性：dialectic223 直观：Objective224 实然：being225 弗雷泽：Frazer226 维护性：maintainability227 矛盾关系：Contradiction228 思想体系：ideology229 自由人：libero230 对象性：objective231 自我确证：self-confirmation 232 相通性：similarity233 资本主义制度：capitalism 234 重农主义：physiocracy235 历史化：historicalization 236 觉悟：consciousness237 商品生产：commodity238 经典著作：classics239 总论：Pandect240 调节控制：control241 无限性：limitlessness242 征服：Conquering243 对立论：Opposition244 发展前途：Perspective245 思想政治教育方法：method 246 现代性问题：modernity247 后SSK：post-SSK248 时代化：modernization249 历史源流：origin250 产生根源：roots251 克拉克：Clark252 禁欲：abstinency253 赫勒：Heller254 方法论特征：methodology255 自我观：self-concept168 消灭：Elimination169 复归：revert170 生成性：generative171 人本学：humanism172 民本：people-oriented173 人本观：humanism174 新发展：development175 匮乏：lack176 《手稿》：Manuscript177 自我纠错：self-correction 178 伯林：Berlin179 能力本位：ability-based 180 接合：Joint181 虚假性：Falsity182 教条主义：doctrinairism 183 贫困问题：Poverty184 幽灵：ghost185 价值论：values186 环境主义：environmentalism 187 现实：realism188 高兹：Gorz189 向度：orientation190 思想家：thinkers191 匿名化：anonymization192 欧洲中心论：Euro-centrism 193 否定性：negation194 先验性：apriority195 伯恩施坦：Bernstein196 物象化：Reification197 争鸣：discussion198 前途：prospect199 享乐主义：gastronomy200 劳动：working201 必然：necessary202 唯心主义：mentalism203 共和：Gonghe204 唯物：materialism205 生态主义：ecologicalism 206 思辨：thought207 异化现象：alienation208 进步性：advancement209 实证论：positivism210 视阈：vision211 平等观：equality 212 会通：integration213 世界性：Globalization214 人本论：humanism215 通俗化：popularize216 奥尔曼：Ollman217 没有：meiyou218 生态马克思主义：Eco-Marxism 219 抽象性：abstractive220 革命家：revolutionist221 当代性：Contemporaneity222 辩证性：dialectic223 直观：Objective224 实然：being225 弗雷泽：Frazer226 维护性：maintainability227 矛盾关系：Contradiction228 思想体系：ideology229 自由人：libero230 对象性：objective231 自我确证：self-confirmation 232 相通性：similarity233 资本主义制度：capitalism 234 重农主义：physiocracy235 历史化：historicalization 236 觉悟：consciousness237 商品生产：commodity238 经典著作：classics239 总论：Pandect240 调节控制：control241 无限性：limitlessness242 征服：Conquering243 对立论：Opposition244 发展前途：Perspective245 思想政治教育方法：method 246 现代性问题：modernity247 后SSK：post-SSK248 时代化：modernization249 历史源流：origin250 产生根源：roots251 克拉克：Clark252 禁欲：abstinency253 赫勒：Heller254 方法论特征：methodology255 自我观：self-concept256 文本学：Textology257 统摄：govern258 蒲鲁东：Proudhon259 理性思想：rationalism260 胡萨米：Husami261 马克思主义学说：Marxism262 后殖民主义批评：Post-colonialism263 自我所有：Self-Ownership264 G.A.柯亨：G.A.Cohen265 警惕：guard266 呵护：care267 错误倾向：fault-prone268 图景：Vision269 具体规定性：specific-based270 多维阐释：releases271 重新解读：re-interpret272 马克思主义真理观：Marxism273 马克思学：Marxology274 吕贝尔：Rubel275 奈格里：Negri276 前提假设：Presumption277 信仰学：beliefology278 一体化学科：unidiscipline279 伍德：Wood280 共时-历时：synchronic-diachronic281 欧洲社会：Europe282 意识形态领域：ideology283 杜林：Duhring284 马克思主义女权主义：Marxist-Feminism 285 超自然主义：supernaturalism286 反杜林论：Anti-Duhring287 俄国化：Russianize288 麦克莱伦：McLellan289 传统化：traditionalized290 始祖：forefather291 李秀林：Lixiulin292 自然-社会：nature–society293 伪自由：pseudo-freedom 列宁主义的学习及研究1 社会主义：Socialism2 启示：Inspiration3 真理：truth4 列宁：Lenin5 解释学：hermeneutics6 辩证法：dialectic7 斯大林：Stalin8 妥协：compromise9 帝国主义：imperialism10 葛兰西：Gramsci11 时机：opportunity12 国有化：nationalization13 官僚主义：bureaucracy14 列宁主义：Leninism15 政权：regime16 修正主义：Revisionism17 普列汉诺夫：Plekhanov18 灌输：indoctrination19 公开性：publicity20 伯恩施坦：Bernstein21 进步性：advancement22 新帝国主义：neo-imperialism23 民粹派：populists24 灌输思想：indoctrinization毛泽东思想的学习和研究1 发展：development2 社会主义：Socialism3 马克思主义：Marxism4 改革：reformation5 改造：transformation6 继承：inheritance7 革命：revolution8 大众化：popularization9 列宁：Lenin10 版本：edition11 探索：explore12 思想：ideology13 实质：essence14 个人：individual15 经验：experiences16 理想主义：idealism17 成功：success18 创造：create19 经验主义：Empiricism20 评析：analysis21 财富：wealth22 中国化：Sinicization23 诗词：poetry24 斯大林：Stalin25 误解：misunderstanding26 纬度：Latitude27 高技术：high-tech28 修改：modification29 超验主义：Transcendentalism30 两极分化：polarization31 民粹主义：populism32 特质：characteristics33 特权：privilege34 继承性：inheritance35 哲学思想：philosophy36 独立自主：Independence37 方位：azimuth38 个体性：individuality39 批判性：Criticism40 伦理思想：ethics41 方针：policy42 探析：study 43 官僚主义：bureaucracy44 贫穷：poverty45 废除：abolish46 精髓：quintessence47 用法：use48 民生：livelihood49 气：gas50 德：De51 主动权：Initiative52 坚持：Persistence53 资产阶级：bourgeois54 奠基：foundation55 评介：comment56 打击：Strike57 领土：territory58 实践论：practice59 戈尔巴乔夫：Gorbachev60 奠基人：founder61 开拓创新：innovation62 再认识：Review63 革命性：revolutionary64 校训：motto65 志：will66 发扬：development67 救世：salvation68 宗旨：tenet69 丰碑：monument70 两难选择：dilemma71 群体性：group72 精神特质：Ethos73 课堂导入：lead-in74 本质论：essentialism75 精神气质：ethos76 合作化：cooperative77 教条主义：doctrinairism78 破折号：dash79 史华慈：Schwartz80 述论：review81 立足点：stand82 调动：Mobilize83 学问：knowledge84 通变：change邓小平的学习及研究85 侧重点：emphasis 1 发展：development86 反官僚主义：anti-bureaucracy 2 改革：reformation87 整体化：integrated 3 改造：transformation88 再解读：reinterpretation 4 继承：inheritance89 墨家思想：Mohism 5 探索：explore90 揭示：disclosure 6 思想：ideology91 纪念活动：Commemoration7 实质：essence92 反对：opposition8 评析：analysis93 整顿：rectifying9 两极分化：polarization94 矛盾论：contradiction10 特质：characteristics95 反腐防腐：anti-corruption11 特权：privilege96 拒腐防变：anti-corruption12 继承性：inheritance97 发言权：floor13 方位：azimuth98 马克思主义者：Marxian14 批判性：Criticism99 识：taste15 伦理思想：ethics100 歧异：Difference16 探析：study101 超前性：precedence17 贫穷：poverty102 治学：learning18 废除：abolish103 成长成才：development19 精髓：quintessence104 有利：benefit20 民生：livelihood105 开创者：initiator21 坚持：Persistence106 静：calmness22 打击：Strike107 稳定思想：stability23 戈尔巴乔夫：Gorbachev108 斗：bucket24 开拓创新：innovation109 科学技术政策：Japan25 发扬：development110 田家英：Tian-jiaying26 精神特质：Ethos111 有理：Unreasonable27 精神气质：ethos112 地缘外交：geo-diplomacy28 调动：Mobilize113 和谐主义：Harmoniousism29 学问：knowledge114 毛泽东主义：Maozedongism30 侧重点：emphasis115 迈斯纳：Meisner31 反官僚主义：anti-bureaucracy 116 动：still32 再解读：reinterpretation117 知识分子观：Intellctual-opinion33 揭示：disclosure118 肃清：housecleaning34 反对：opposition119 睦邻安邦：good-neighbour35 整顿：rectifying120 革命军人：soldiers36 开创者：initiator121 奇杰：sage37 稳定思想：stability38 知识分子观：Intellctual-opinion39 肃清：housecleaning40 睦邻安邦：good-neighbour。
(完整版)马克思主义英语专业词汇(2)
马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、三个代表重要思想Marxism-Leninism,Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory,Jiang Zemin"Three Represe nt's"important Thought.新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure.社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation.建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.（rejuvenate使充满活力，使复原，使再生）党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory,line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism.改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside.中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.马克思主义政党Marxist political Party.党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first(second\third)generation.人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system.综合国力aggregate（adj.共计的）national strength.国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP).独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace.马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China.加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building,continuously enhance the creativity,rallying（集合，召集）power and combat capability of the Party,and always maintain its vigor and vitality.“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
哲学专业英语词汇
哲学专业英语（the course of philosophical English）西方哲学专业词汇Western philosophy西方哲学Ancient Greek-Roman philosophy古希腊罗马哲学Hellenistic philosophy希腊化哲学Medieval philosophy中世纪哲学Renaissance philosophy文艺复兴哲学Modern western philosophy西方近代哲学Contemporary western philosophy西方现代哲学Jewish philosophy犹太哲学马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Marxism中国哲学Chinese Philosophy外国哲学Foreign Philosophy逻辑学Logic伦理学Ethics美学Aesthetics宗教学Science of Religion科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology 艺术哲学Philosophy of artMetaphysics形而上学Epistemology认识论/知识论Methodology方法论ontology本体论Cosmology宇宙论/宇宙生成论Theory of value/axiology价值论Monism一元论Dualism二元论Pluralism多元论Cognosciblism可知论Agnosticism不可知论Materialism唯物主义Irrationalism非理性主义abstract/concrete抽象/具体Idealism唯心主义Objective /Subjective idealism客/主观唯心主义Scepticism怀疑主义Substance实体macrocosm大宇宙microcosm小宇宙Sensibility/understanding/ reason感性/知性/理性Theism有神论Antitheism 无神论Deism自然神论pantheism泛神论Dialectical materialism辩证唯物主义Historical materialism历史唯物主义Law of identity同一律Law of contradiction排中律Law of excluded middle排中律teleology目的论mechanism机械论dialectics辩证法consciousness意识spirit精神belief信念nature自然reality现实，实在possibility可能性Illusion幻想imagination想象力Mysticism神秘主义Spiritualism唯灵论form形式existence存在appearance现象essence本质prime matter原初质料motion运动Continuity/non-Continuity连续性/间断性time and space时间与空间Past-present-future过去/现在/未来cause and effect原因与结果subject and object主体与客体occasionalism偶因论Ockham’s razor奥康剃刀subjectivity主体性Necessity and contingency必然性与偶然性Universals and individuals个别与一般/共相与殊相/普遍与个别relative and absolute相对与绝对intuition直觉idea观念thought思维perception知觉subsistence潜在knowledge知识opinion意见Nature自然Actuality/reality现实Reality实在Necessity and freedom必然与自由Beginning/first principle/arche（希）本原，始基archetype原型illusion幻象image形像，影像ideology意识形态doctrine of correspondence符合说mind-body problem身心问题representative theory of idea表象说finite and infinite有限与无限humanism人道主义，人文主义Natural theology自然神学substratum基质The infinite/boundless/apeiron无定/无限pneuma普纽玛being存在non-being非存在logos逻各斯mind/nous努斯psyche/pneuma普纽玛atom原子void虚空element元素four roots四根self-knowledge自知Becoming/decay生成/衰亡bisection两分法flying arrow is at rest飞矢不动stadium运动场becoming生成doctrine of effluence流射说Eristic/elenchus论辩术，诡辩术art of midwifery/maieutic method助产术/接生术irony讥讽Virtue is knowledge美德即知识world of idea理念世界Infinite regress argument无穷后退证明Simile of the cave洞穴喻Simile of the line线段喻Simile of the sun太阳喻sense world感性世界，感官世界harmony和谐theory of Participation（sharing）分有说theory of Imitation模仿说copy摹本archetype模型，原型paradigm范式model of universal宇宙模型，世界模型soul of universal宇宙灵魂，世界灵魂Philosopher-king哲学王passion激情Wisdom/courage/temperance/justice智慧/勇敢/节制/正义（four cardinal virtue四主德）Desire/passion欲望/激情artificer工匠，创造者Genus种primary/secondary substance第一、二实体form and matter形式与质料accident偶性potentiality and actuality潜能与现实four causes 四因material cause质料因formal cause形式因efficient cause动力因final cause目的因ether以太Actuality现实/entelechy隐德莱希（完全实现）Good/highest good善/至善Category范畴Peripatetics漫步学派active reason/active intellect主动理性/主动理智mean中道，中庸wisdom智慧Practical wisdom实践智慧intellectual virtue理智德性the liar说谎者argument of the measure of grain谷堆论证argument of the baldhead秃头论证argument of the veiled figure隐藏者论证logos of the universe宇宙理性one太一What-it-is 是什么the third man argument第三者论证Theory of recollection回忆说epoche悬搁判断==judgement of suspensionataraxy静观doctrine of emanation流溢说anthropomorphism神人同形同性论=拟人观pythagoreanism毕达哥拉斯主义transmigration of souls灵魂轮回转世说atomism原子论Mode of cyclical reasoning循环论证Good being nature善即自然sensation was due to action between the unlikes异类相知说doctrine of like knows like同类相知说doctrine of seeds种子说Doctrine of love and strife爱恨说doctrine of image影像说cynicism犬儒主义platonism柏拉图主义theory of idea理念论doctrine of the communion of genera通种论aristotelianism亚里士多德主义syllogism三段论Unmoved mover不动的动者==prime mover purification净化说induction归纳法pyrrhonism皮浪主义Epicureanism伊壁鸠鲁主义canonic准则学Ionian school伊奥尼亚学派Milesian school米利都学派Ephsian school爱菲斯学派Heraclitean school赫拉克利特学派Pythagoreans 毕达哥拉斯学派Eleatic school爱利亚学派privation缺失，匮乏Presocratics前苏格拉底学派Cynics犬儒学派Cyrenaics昔兰尼学派megarian school麦加拉派sophists智者Minor socratics小苏格拉底学派academy学园/柏拉图学园/雅典学园academics学园派peripatetics漫步学派stoics画廊学派/斯多亚学派Epicurean school伊壁鸠鲁学派Christianity基督教Christian philosophy基督教哲学Judaism犹太教Trinity三位一体heresy异端Polytheism多神论eschatology末世论Church fathers教父Providence天意，天命Kingdom of God上帝之国theology神学negative theology否定神学Positive theology肯定神学Patristic philosophy/ Patristics教父哲学/教父学scholasticism经院哲学revealed religion天启宗教，启示宗教Trinity三位一体incarnation道成肉身faith/hope/love信仰/希望/热爱doctrine of redemption救赎论grace神恩，神惠，恩宠omnipotence全能omniscience全知omnipresence全在Argument a posteriori先天证明Argument a priori后天证明fideism信仰主义（僧侣主义）hylozoism物活论Original sin 原罪Justification by faith因信称义Ockham’s razor奥卡姆剃刀nominalism唯名论（extreme/moderate）realism唯实论（extreme/moderate ）Augustinism奥古斯丁主义ontological argument本体论证明cosmological argument宇宙论证明teleological argument目的论证明Moral argument道德论证明Supreme good argument至善性证明Faith hope and charity信望爱doctrine of double-truth双重真理论Divine illumination神的光照Theological fatalism神学预定论Thomism托马斯主义Averroism阿威洛伊主义Scotism司各脱主义Rationalism唯理论（materialistic/idealistic ）Empiricism经验论（materialistic/idealistic）Social contract theory社会契约论Geographical determinism地理环境决定论Classical German philosophy德国古典哲学Apriorism先天论The reformation宗教改革运动Enlightenment启蒙运动French materialism法国唯物主义Encyclopaedists百科全书派conceptualism概念论Mechanistic materialism机械唯物论learned ignorance有学问的无知maximum极大minimum极小utopia乌托邦universal intellect普遍理智idols假相，偶像theory of four idols四假相说idols of the tribe种族假相idols of the cave洞穴假相idols of the market-place市场假相idols of the theatre剧场假相property and form性质与形式extension广延first principle第一原理Real/nominal essence实在/名义本质blank tablet白板causality因果性causation因果关系cause原因/effect结果experience经验dogma教条Material/Spiritual substance物质/精神实体thinking substance思想实体，思维实体Innate idea天赋观念adventitious ideas外来观念factitious ideas虚幻观念dualism of mind and matter心物二元论Animal sprits精气，元精，动物精神psycho-physical interactionism身心交感论pineal gland松果腺extensive substance广延实体the theory of social contrast社会契约论Association of idea观念的联结（休谟）Cartesianists笛卡儿主义者theory of substance实体论theory of attribute属性论theory of mode样式论（finite/infinite）psycho-physical parallelism心物平行论true idea真观念attribute属性Spinozism斯宾诺莎主义experience经验（external/internal）sensation and reflection感觉与反省abstraction抽象作用abstract idea抽象观念Simple/complex idea简单/复杂观念Immaterialism非物质主义personal identity人格同一性contiguity接近性（休谟）Divine right of kings君权神授说school of continental Rationalism大陆理性派British empirists英国经验派Cambridge platonism 剑桥柏拉图主义Scottish school of common sense苏格兰常识学派Old Hegelians老年黑格尔派Young Hegelians青年黑格尔派Right Hegelians黑格尔右派Left Hegelians黑格尔左派Speculative philosophy 思辨哲学Three tables三表法Table of essence/presence本质表/具有表Table of absence of proximity接近中的缺乏表Table of degree/comparison程度表/比较表Relative/finite substance相对的或有限的实体Absolute/infinite substance绝对的或无限的实体Theory of corpuscles 微粒说Theory of vortex 漩涡说Cartesianism笛卡儿主义cosmotheism宇宙神论（斯宾诺莎）Infinite attribute无限的属性Theory of modes样态论Mode 样态，样式Sensation/reflection感觉/反省External/internal experience外部/内部经验Abstraction抽象作用Psychic force心力（莱布尼兹）Small perception微知觉Principle of continuity连续性原则Idea of substance/modes/relations实体/情状/关系观念real/fantastical ideas实在/幻想观念Intuitive/demonstratic/probable直觉/证明/或然知识primary/secondary/third quality第一/二/三性质real/nominal essence实在/名义本质innate human right天赋人权will of all全体意志monad单子monadology单子论cognition认知Complete notion完满性观念（莱布尼兹）Best of all possible world可能世界中的最佳者sentiment情感——sentimentalismscience of human nature人性科学human nature/humanity人性Per-established harmony前定和谐pre-established harmony预定和谐truth of reason/fact理性真理与事实真理Divine reason 神圣理性theodicy神正论Order of possible coexistence and order of possibilities which cannot coexist可共存之物的秩序与不可共存之物的秩序existence is to be perceived存在就是被感知immaterialism非物质论idea and notion观念与意念impression and ideas印象与观念resemblance类似关系contiguity in time and space接近关系causal relation因果关系determinism of geographical environment地理环境决定论Theory of the omnipotence of education教育万能论Apodictic/assertoric必然的/实然的（康德）Appearance现象（康德）manifold杂多Physico-theological argument自然神论证明critical philosophy批判哲学dogmatism独断论copernican revolution哥白尼的革命pure reason纯粹理性antinomy二律背反thing-in-itself自在之物，物自体appearance现象practical reason实践理性good will善良意志schein幻相moral law道德律finality apart from an end无目的的合目的性Analytic-synthetic分析-综合Sensibility/understanding/reason感性/知性/理性category范畴command律令reflective judgement反思的判断力representation表象Schema图型/schematism图型论，图式论Metaphysical deduction形而上学演绎Metaphysical exposition形而上学阐明Metaphysics of morals道德性而上学Metaphysics of nature自然形而上学transcendental apperception先验统觉Analogies of experience经验的类推architectonic建筑术Autonomy自主性（康德）transcendental idealism先验唯心主义Kantianism康德主义transcendental先验的transcendent超验的transcendental aesthetic先验感性论transcendental analytic先验分析论Transcendental deduction先验演绎Transcendental dialectic先验辩证论Transcendental illusion先验幻象Transcendental logic先验逻辑Transcendental ideal先验的理想Transcendental paralogism先验谬误推理Transcendental reflection先验反思A priori and synthetic judgement 先天综合判断taste鉴赏力Thing-for-itself为我之物A priori先天A posteriori后天A priori judgement先天判断A posteriori judgement 后天判断analytic judgement分析判断synthetical judgement综合判断Quantity of judgement/ category of Quantity判断的量与量的范畴Qualitaty of judgement/ category of Qualitaty判断的质与质的范畴Relation of judgement/ category of relation判断的关系与关系的范畴Mode of judgement/ category of mode 判断的样式与样式的范畴Anthropology 人本学Absolute religion绝对宗教Free spirit自由精神Objective spirit客观精神practical spirit实践精神theoretical spirit理论精神Subjective spirit主观精神Externalization外化objectification对象化Position肯定Negation否定sublation扬弃identical philosophy同一哲学in itself自我for itself自为absolute idea绝对理念absolute spirit 绝对精神philosophy of mind精神哲学subjective/objective spirit主/客观精神these-antithese-synthese正-反-合civil society市民社会alienation异化dialectic辩证法actuality现实Hegelianism黑格尔主义Young Hegellians 青年黑格尔派Natural theology自然神学（理性神学）absolute ego （费希特的）绝对自我animatism 物活论animism 泛灵论，万物有灵论anthropologism 人本主义the Apostles十二使徒asceticism 禁欲主义atomism 原子论，原子学说atonement 赎罪baptism （基督教）洗礼bourgeoisie 资产阶级causationism 因果论Christianity 基督教clherentism 贯通论The Decalogue摩西十戒deism 理神论；自然神论；自然神论（natural religion）Judgment Day 上帝的最后审判日，世界的末日Kant’s nebular hypothesis 康德的星云假说method of exclusion 排除法method of induction 归纳法nativism 先天论，天赋论sense perception 感性知觉sentience 感觉现象；原始感觉theory of reflection 反映论theory of relativity 相对论theory of representation 表象论On nature《论自然》Purification《净化篇》Sophists《智者篇》Phaedo《斐多篇》Parmenides《巴门尼德篇》Republic《国家篇》On the nature of things《物性论》Meditations《沉思集》Bible《圣经》The Apocalypse/Revelations《圣经》中的《启示录》Genesis （《圣经》）（《创世纪》）New-Testament 《新约全书》Confessions《忏悔录》Utopia《乌托邦》New organon《新工具》Advancement of learning《学术的进展》Human nature《论人性》Leviathan《利维坦》Two treatises of civil government《政府论》An essay concerning human understanding《人类理解论》A treatise concerning the principles of human knowledge《人类知识原理》A treatise of human nature《人性论》An inquiry concerning human understanding 《人类理智研究》Dialogues concerning natural religion《自然宗教对话录》The natural history of religion 《宗教的自然史》Enquiries concerning the principles of morals《道德原理研究》Discourse on method《方法谈》Meditations on first philosophy《第一哲学沉思集》The principles of philosophy《哲学原理》Apology for learned ignorance《论有学问的无知》The principles of Descartes philosophy《笛卡尔哲学原理》Organon《工具论》Enneades《九章集》The ethics《伦理学》New essays on human understanding《人类理智新论》City of god 《上帝之城》Theological-political treatise《神学政治论》Essay on theodicy《神正论》On the improvement of understanding《知性改进论》Critique of pure reason《纯粹理性批判》Critique of practical reason 《实践理性批判》Critique of judgement《判断力批判》。
05-马克思主义史学英语课件Marxist Historiography
• History of Agriculture and Prices in England (published in 7 volumes between 1866-1902)
British Marxists: G D H Cole
Influence on Cole
• “I became a Socialist because, as soon as the case for a society of equals, set free from the twin evils of riches and poverty, mastership and subjection, was put to me, I knew that to be the only kind of society that could be consistent with human decency and fellowship and that in no other society could I have the right to be content.”
Others
• Lumpenproletariat: criminals, vagabonds, beggars - sell their labour to the highest bidder. • Landlords: an historically important social class who retain some wealth and power. • Peasantry and farmers: a disorganised class incapable of effecting socio-economic change
马克思主义英语专业词汇
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马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、三个代表重要思想 Marxism-Leninism， Mao Zedong Thought， Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin "Three Represent’s” important Thought.新民主主义革命new—democratic revolution 民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure。
社会主义制度socialist system 社会变革social transformation. 建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics。
中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation。
（rejuvenate 使充满活力，使复原，使再生）党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory，line and program of our Party in the primary s tage of socialism。
(完整版)马克思主义英语专业词汇(2)
马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、三个代表重要思想Marxism-Leninism,Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory,Jiang Zemin"Three Represe nt's"important Thought.新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure.社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation.建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.（rejuvenate使充满活力，使复原，使再生）党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory,line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism.改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside.中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.马克思主义政党Marxist political Party.党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first(second\third)generation.人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system.综合国力aggregate（adj.共计的）national strength.国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP).独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace.马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China.加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building,continuously enhance the creativity,rallying（集合，召集）power and combat capability of the Party,and always maintain its vigor and vitality.“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
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Marx associated with other German radicals—similar to the radicals we saw in our movie Les Miserables. This group was called the “Young Hegelians.”
Marx met Friedrich Engels (1820-1893) who was the heir to a vast fortune.
Realism, Positivism, Marxism and Materialism.
Chapter 22: pages 900-911
The objectives for this slideshow are:
• In what ways did the failed revolutions of 1848 foster the idea of MATERIALISM? • In what ways was REALISM a sign of the times in painting and literature? • Identify what is Positivism— • And, finally, you will learn the important background that influence Karl Marx beliefs and its future impact on Russian History.
Marx and Engels met in Paris in 1844. In 1847, they joined the Communist league— which was, at that time, a tiny group of revolutionaries.
In 1848—a momentous date in publishing history, the Communist Manifesto was published.
The revolutions of 1848 spread throughout Europe, and what began with hope was quickly suppressed by reactionary, conservative governments.
After the failure of the revolutions of 1830 and 1848, the dreams of many Europeans ended.
But no other ideas came out of the postCongress of Vienna era which would have more influence than those of Karl Marx.
Karl Marx (1818-1883) was the son of a lawyer from Prussia.
Perhaps this was a way of saying that “we may have been defeated in the revolutions, but we are still here. Our needs are just.”
Realism found its way into the writings of authors such as Flaubert. Flaubert’s Madame Bovary is a landmark novel that mocked romantic illusions about marriage and family life.
Similar to realism was the idea of positivism, which meant that one must insist on verifiable facts and not on wishful thinking.
In politics this became Real Politik--but we will learn more about that later.
There had been some positive outcomes of 1848—peasants were freed in Germany and Austria, and many moved to America.
Many were bitter about government reaction after the revolutions. This new attitude was called materialism: an idea that all things were a result of physiological or physical forces. In art and music it was called realism.
Realism included painters such as Courbet, Millet, and Daumier…
Courbet’s paintings were of the peasants— in the countryside, but they were displayed in the salons of Paris, for the bourgeoisie to observe.
Emma Bovary commits suicide after many unhappy love affairs…
Both writers and painters bБайду номын сангаасoke away from the traditions of romanticism and said they wanted “real facts.”