宾语从句三要素
宾从时态的三个原则
宾从时态的三个原则
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:
动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态.
宾语从句的三个准则是
1、语序（陈述句语序）
2、引导词：
1 ）陈述句变宾语从句引导词用 that(口语中可省略） ;
2）一般疑问句变宾语从句，引导词用if / whether是否；
3）特殊疑问句变宾语从句，原来的疑问词变引导词。
3、时态：
1）主语是一般现在时时，从句根据句意可用不同时态；
2）主语是一般过去时时，从句要用相应的过去时，除客观规律和客观真理外。
）
如
1.Jim says " I am a student."->
Jim says that he is a student.
2.He said to me " Are you doing your homework?"->
He asked me if/ whether I was doing my homework.
3.I want to know . Where is Kate ?->
I want to know where Kate is .。
三大从句之宾语从句
宾语从句：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
通俗的说就是一个句子做另一个句子的宾语. 主要跟在及物动词和介词之后。
一般由“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其它”构成，其语序是陈述句语序。
如何判断：1．可以从整个句式看,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2．从引导词看。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”。
3．从时态看。
if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。
所以宾语从句的三大要素：时态语序引导词前世今生：I know you . you are right.→I know you are right. /I know that you are right.⏹引导词✧that (后面是陈述句) I believe that you are an honest boy.✧what which who I don’t know what they are going to d o.what are they going to do？whose whom Tell me whose PSP it is.（whose PSP is it？）where when Can you tell me where he lives?where does he live?Why how I know why he was late. (why was he late？) （特殊疑问句）✧if / whether（一般疑问句/是否）I want to know if Miss Gao is back.Is Miss Gao back？✧另外，含how的词组也可引导宾语从句。
主要有how old，how many，how much，how long，howoften，how far等。
如：Do you know how old he is？⏹语序：宾语从句的连词后要用陈述句语序。
宾语从句3要素
宾语从句3要素宾语从句3要素：语序、引导词、时态。
1、语序宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序，即正常的主谓语序，如果原句是疑问句改为宾语从句则应调整为陈述句语序。
I don’t know where he is now.我不知道他现在在哪。
2、引导词当宾语从句是由陈述句变化而来时，该从句通常由that引导。
此时that没有具体意义，口语中可以省略。
当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变化而来时，用连词if或whether引导，意思为“是否”，表示选择。
注意：if和whether在引导宾语从句时，一般可以互换。
3、时态主句：一般现在时→从句：根据实际需要各种时态，如：She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.她说她从周一至周五上班。
（从句是一般现在时）主句：一般过去时→从句：相应的过去时态，如：He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.他说昨天下午没有课。
（从句是一般过去时）注意：从句表示客观真理、自然现象、科学原理、格言等，从句动词的时态不变，仍用一般现在时。
He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光比声音传播得快。
拓展：一、宾语从句的含义宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句；宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句以及形容词的宾语从句。
二、宾语从句的结构连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
即：连接代词/副词+陈述句语序。
三、宾语从句的特点1、宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
2、宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
3、连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成分，多数情况下可以省略。
whether 和if 都可引导宾语从句，但whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语。
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态。
一、引导词1．从句为陈述句，常选择引导词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。
2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择引导词if或whether。
在whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。
3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等疑问代词、疑问副词作引导词。
注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他。
从句的引导词有很多，如：say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等。
二、判断时态情况1．主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态。
2．主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态。
注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。
3．关系代词：that，who，whom,whose,which: 1． The teacher told the children that the sun____ round.was B. is C. were D. are2． I believe that our team____ the basketball match.win B. won C. will win D. wins答：1.B 2.C宾语从句用作宾语。
如：Do you know where he lives?定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。
如：The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是John.This is the man whom he is looking for.三、宾语从句的用法1．that引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。
但下列情况除外：①．介词宾语从句的that不能省略。
②． and连接的两个从句，两个从句的that不能省略。
宾语从句三要素口诀
宾语从句三要素是指引导、从句语序和时态变化。
它们有一定的规律，可以编成一个口诀，通过理解熟记，就可以解决绝大多数宾语从句的问题。
首先是引导连词的口诀：连词使用看从句，陈述用that可省略，特殊问句疑问词，一般疑问whether, if，能用whether不用if。
意思是说，从句用什么连词引导，主要看从句本身。
如果从句是陈述句，那么就用that引导从句，这里的that是可以省略的。
比如：I always think (that) I am a fool. 我一直觉得自己是一个笨蛋。
如果从句本身是一个特殊疑问句，那么就用特殊疑问句的疑问词引导从句，比如：He asked me why I regarded myself as a fool. 他问我为什么觉得自己是一个笨蛋。
如果从句是一般疑问句，就用if或whether来引导从句，比如：He asked me if(whether) I knew I am a fool. 他问我是否知道自己是一个笨蛋。
有一些情况下只能用whether，不能用if，比如whether后面可接不定式，if不行；whether可以和or not连用, if不行；从句作介词的宾语时，只能用whether；放在句首只能用whether等。
因此，最后一句是，能用whether不用if。
然后是语序的口诀，很简单，就一句话，从句语序用陈述。
就是说原来疑问句的倒装语序，除了疑问词仍保持在前面之外，都要改成陈述语序，一般疑问句就用whether或if引导。
前面的例子在这里也适合，这里就不再举例了。
最后是时态的口诀，主句现在从随便，主句过去从也过，客观事实一般现。
意思是说，当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可以用任何时态，虽然如此，也要符合语言背景，不可乱用。
如果主句是一般过去时态时，从句一般就要用过去时态。
当从句描述的是一个客观事实（或讲话的人觉得是客观事实）的时候，不管主句用什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。
宾语从句教学
If/whether表“是否”，语序要用陈述句 主从句时态要一致
I wonder if Mr. Clark is satisfied children’s behaviour. with the
I wondered_____________________________________________ if Mr. Clark was satisfied with the children’s behaviour.
1.Can you see________? A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what 2.Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子) Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan? 3._What did your son say in the letter? _He told me that he___ the Disney would the next day A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit 4.He didn’t know__________ A. what’s the matter B. what the matter is C. what was the matter D. what the matter was 5.Somebody called you just now, but I didn’t know____ A. who were they B. who they were C. who was it D. who it was 6.I want to know_____ A. what is his name B. what’s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 7.---Could you tell me ___she is looking for? ---Her cousin , Susan. A . that B. whose C . who D. which 8.---What are you searching the Internet for? ---I’m trying to find out____. A. What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU B. How many persons have died in Iraq C. How to protect our environment D. Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea 9.Do you know___________?(谁正在唱歌) 10.Do you know___________?(她正在和谁谈话) 11.Do you know___________?(昨天发生了什么事)
宾语从句复习
宾语从句的时态
1.当主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时时，从句中
的谓语动词不受主句谓语时态的影响，可以按需 要使用任何时态。如： I hear he came back a few days ago.
2.当主句是过去时态时，宾语从句用相应的过去时 态。如：
He asked me if I would go shopping with him.
注 意:
当主句为could you tell me 时，could表婉转客气的 语气，并不表示过去时态。如：
--- Could you tell me where I can buy some fruit ?
4.当主句谓语动词为believe ,think ,suppose 等时，
要表达从句意义上的否定，一般将believe ,think , suppose 变成否定形式。如： （1).He can’t run as fast as Liu Xiang .I believe.
--She asks where Tom is. 她问汤姆在哪里。
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序有一个特点：必须用陈述语 序（即：主语+谓语+其他）。如：
1.Why didn’t he eat breakfast? I asked. ---I asked why he didn’t eat breakfast .
1.陈述句变为宾语从句时，引导词用that，在 口语中that常省略，无实义。如：
2.一般疑问句变宾语从句时，引导词用if或 whether，意为“是否”，当从句中含有or not时，则只能用whether。
3.特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，用特殊疑问 词作引导词。如：
She asks, “Where is Tom ?” 她问：“汤姆在哪里？”
英语宾语从句
宾语从句宾语从句：用来做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
连接词；宾语从句三要素时态；语序；1．连接词.1>连接词：用来连接主句与从句的词语叫连接词。
例如：that，if/whether等。
（1）t hat：that引导的宾语从句是由陈述句变来的，（that）在句中无实意，口语中常可以省略中。
例句：He told me(that) he would go to college the next year.他告诉我他明年上大学。
（2）i f/whether：if/whether引导的宾语从句是由疑问句变来的，（if/whether）在句中意为“是否”。
例句：They asked whether/if we would need any help.他们问我们是否需要一些帮助。
2>连接代词：who， whose，what， whom， which等（在从句中主要充当主语、宾语、表语或定语）。
3>连接副词：when， where， how， why等（在从句中主要充当状语）。
2.时态.1>当宾语从句陈述是客观事实或真理时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
例句：The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
（真理）She said she was higher than her brother.她说她比她的弟弟高。
（客观事实）2>当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其从句可以用任何适当的时态。
例句：She says (that) is a student.她说她是一个学生。
3>当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其从句用相对应的过去时态。
例句：She told me that she went to that park yesterday.她告诉我她昨天去了公园。
宾语从句三要素
宾语从句三要素【精练】将下列句子合并为宾语从句，每空一词。
1. Does the man live on that street? I don’t know.I don’t know the man on that street.2. Where did Tom go yesterday? Nancy wanted to know.Nancy wanted to know Tom yesterday.3. How does he get on well with his neighbours? Could you tell me?Could you tell me he on well with his neighbours?4.The Earth is much bigger than the Moon. He told me.He told me the Earth much bigger than the Moon.【点拨】要素一: 语序宾语从句的语序必须用陈述句语序。
如果宾语从句是疑问句，必须去掉助动词，行为动词要做相应的变化。
如：Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你开会为什么迟到吗？要素二: 连接词(1)当陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that 引导，that可省略。
如：He said（that）he could finish his work before supper. 他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
(2)当一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if 或whether 引导，意为“是否”。
如：I don’t know if / whether he has finished the work. 我不知道他是否完成了这项工作。
(3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，用原来的疑问词引导。
如：Can you tell me where the book is? 你能告诉我这本书在哪儿吗？要素三: 时态(1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的时态。
初中英语知识点总结：宾语从句和状语从句
一、宾语从句知识点总结 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态。
一、引导词 1．从句为陈述句，常选择引导词that，that引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。
例句：He told us （that）they would help us through the whole work. 2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择引导词if或whether，表示“是否”。
在whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。
例句：I don't know if there will be a bus any more. 3. 从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what，when，where，which，who，how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。
例句：He didn't tell me when we should meet again. 二、判断时态情况： 1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以为各种时态。
2.主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应过去时态。
注意：从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等，从句时态不受主句时态限制，仍用一般现在时。
例句：He answered that he was listening to me. Father told me that practice makes perfect . 三、宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序 陈述句语序，就是主语在前，谓语动词在后。
错误：He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job. 正确：He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. 注意：宾语从句的否定转移 主句的谓语动词是think，believe，imagine，suppose，consider，expect，fancy，guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
宾语从句讲解(全)
宾语从句(The Object Clause)学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
一、宾语从句的定义：宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以做介词的宾语作动词的宾语：I heard that he would come here later on.主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语作介词的宾语:He said nothing about who broke the window last night.主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词一个句子作介词的宾语二、宾语从句中引导词(连接词)的用法。
在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词：who, whose, what ,which副词：when ,where, how, why 等。
一)、连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, ifHe told me (that he would) go to the college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没有人知道他是否会通过考试.1、that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit,deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request,require, propose, declare, report等。
宾语从句 宾语从句语法讲解
宾 语 从 句一. 宾语从句的定义：在复合句中，用来做动词宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
二．宾语从句的结构：主句+引导词+从句三．宾语从句的三要素：1. 当从句是陈述句时，引导词用that;2. 当从句是一般疑问句时，引导词用if 或whether （是否）;一般情况，if / whether 可以换用，但以下3种情况只能用whether:a.与不定式连用；b.做介词宾语；c 与or not 连用3. 当从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词用原有的特殊疑问词；宾语从句的语序一定是陈述语序。
1. 当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可以用需要的任何时态；2. 当主句是一般过去时态时， 从句必须是对应的过去时态的一种；3. 当主句是一般过去时态时，但从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象，从句时态不受主句时态的限制，都用一般现在时态。
4. 当主句是Could/Would you tell me----时，看作一般现在时态，从句用需要的任何时态。
四．宾语从句与直接引语和间接引语的关系宾语从句实际就是由直接引语变化而来的间接引语。
所以，掌握好宾语从句必须熟悉直接引语变间接引语的规则。
直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语；直接引语通常用引号“ ” 括起来。
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫间接引语。
间接引语在多数情况下就构成一个宾语从句。
直接引语变间接引语的规则变化：1. 引导词及语序（同上）a. My teacher said: “ He ’ll go to Beijing tomorrow ”.My teacher said_____________________________________________________________ b. The boy asked his mother ，“Can I go out to play football after supper?”The boy asked his mother _____________________________________________________ c. Lily asked Lucy，“When will you come back?”2.人称的变化（一随主；二随宾，第三人称不变化）She said, “ I like tennis.” -------------______________________________________________He said to Lily, “ You must get up early.”--------_____________________________________She said to me, “ They want to help him.”-------_____________________________________练习：1）She asked, “ Have you seen the film?”2）She asked us，“Where are you going to get off?”3）He asked, “Are you a doctor, John?”4）The radio says it ____________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)5）The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)6）Tom says that they ________________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.7）I hear they _____________ (return) it already.8) He said that they _____________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)9) Miss Wang told me that the earth __________(move) round the earth.10) Our teacher told us in class the sun ___________ in the east. (rise)4．直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，当祈使句是否定句时，不定式前加not。
三要素宾语从句
三要素宾语从句
宾语从句是由一个连接词引导的句子，作为主句中的宾语。
宾语从句通常包含三个要素：主语、谓语和其他成分（如宾语、状语等）。
以下是三个要素在宾语从句中的解释：
1. 主语：宾语从句中的主语通常是从句自己的主语，与主句的主语可能不同。
例如：
- 我希望他能成功。
（主句：我希望，宾语从句：他能成功） - 她说她会来的。
（主句：她说，宾语从句：她会来）
2. 谓语：宾语从句中的谓语动词表达了从句中所描述的动作或状态。
谓语动词的形式和主句中的动词形式可能有所不同，根据从句的时态和语态来决定。
例如：
- 他说他去过中国。
（主句：他说，宾语从句：他去过中国） - 我想知道你是否喜欢这个礼物。
（主句：我想知道，宾语从句：你是否喜欢这个礼物）
3. 其他成分：除了主语和谓语外，宾语从句还可以包含其他成分，如宾语、状语等。
这些成分根据具体的语境和需要来决定。
例如： - 她告诉我她昨天买了一本书。
（主句：她告诉我，宾语从句：她昨天买了一本书）
- 我不知道他为什么生气了。
（主句：我不知道，宾语从句：他为什么生气了）
总结来说，宾语从句是作为主句中的宾语的句子，包含主语、谓语和其他成分。
这些要素根据具体语境和需要来决定。
浅谈宾语从句三要素
浅谈宾语从句三要素概述宾语从句：在句子中起宾语作用的从句或动词、介词的宾语由整个句子来承担称为宾语从句宾语从句的三要素一、宾语从句一般由下面一些从属连词引导。
1.that引导2.whether/if引导3.连接代词who whom whose what which4. 连接副词when why where how。
whether/if在表示“是否”，引导宾语从句时常可通用。
但一下情况只可以用whether。
介词后的宾语从句用whether引导。
We are talk about whether we canthe chance.我们再讨论我们是否可以得到这个机会。
whether引导宾语从句可以与or not连用He doesn't know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not.他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。
Whether引导的宾语从句可以置于句首。
Whether they will join in the picnic I don't care.他们是否参加野餐，我不在乎。
在不定式前只用whether。
I'm just wondering whether to stay for another hour.我不知道是否要再等一个小时。
二、时态的一致性。
1）当主句是现在的某种时态，从句用你所需要的任何时态。
由时间状语或语境决定。
2）如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语则用过去的某种时态。
宾语如果是客观事实或普遍真理则任然用一般现在时。
三、宾语从句强调陈述句的语序在宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序，即主语+谓语动词+其它成分，句末用句号；但主句为疑问句时，句末用问号。
；疑问词+主语+谓语+其他。
2020年中考英语：宾语从句的三大要素
2020年中考英语：宾语从句的三大要素中考备考的方法有哪些？下面由小编为你精心准备了“2020年中考英语：宾语从句的三大要素”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020年中考英语：宾语从句的三大要素宾语从句是一种名词性从句，它在复合句中作主句的宾语即作宾语的是一个句子。
宾语从句主要注意三大要素：一、引导词1.that(从句是陈述句时，引导词用that，它本身无词义，不充当成分，在口语中可省略，但在正式场合不可省)。
2.if或whether(从句是一般疑问句时用if或whether，含义是“是否”。
)if whether一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whether……or not句式时只能用whether。
3.连接代词，连接代词(what、which、who、whose)连接副词(从句是特殊疑问句时用)，连接副词(when、where、how、why)二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序(即正常的主谓语序)。
例如：He says that Tom will miss a lot of lessonsShe asked whether we should hold a sports meetingDo you know what the popalation of Dalianis?三、宾语从句的时态1.主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用任何时态。
例如：She says that she is good at Chinese.He Says that he has been ill for three days.I don’t know if she will come tomorrow.2.主句是一般过程时，从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态。
(即一般过去时，过去将来时，过去完成时等)。
例如：She asked me where I lived.He said that she had been ill for six days.He said that he would return soon.3.当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时，从句时态不受主句的影响，都用一般现在时。
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
一、时态：1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。
2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
当主句为过去时①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<<老人与海>>.②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.二、语序：陈述句的语序。
三、宾语从句的连接词从属连词：连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
如：She said that she wo uld leave the message on the headmaster’s desk.He said that he could finish his work before supper.He told me that he would go to the college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学.if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.如： Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag.I don’t know whether he’ll come the day after tomorrow.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.直接与or not连用时,往往用whether如：Let me know whether he will come or not.I don’t know whether he does any washing or not.在不定式前只能用whether.I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留whether从句做介词宾语Everything depends on whether you agree with us特殊疑问词如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。
初中英语中宾语从句的三要素
初中英语中宾语从句的三要素宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语. 要掌握好宾语从句，必须掌握它的三要素：1. 引导词—that 引导陈述句的宾语从句（可省也可不省）；If/whether 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句（表是否）；连接词what,when ,who,how,why等引导的特殊疑问句的宾语从句。
2. 语序——陈述句的语序（即主.胃不颠倒）3. 时态A.主句是现在时，从句可以是任何的适当的时态（根据句意而定）。
B.主句是过去时，从句要用过去的某种时态（除了从句所叙述的是客观真理，规律等仍用现在时）.附典型的配套练习.（）1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday?A. what will Tom doB. what did Tom doC. what Tom will doD. what Tom did（）2. I want to know_________.A. what is his nameB.that is his nameC. that his name isD. what his name is（）3. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam?A. that B which C.whether D.what（）4. Jim doesn’t understand ____________.A. which is the way to the museumB. why his wife always goes shoppingC. what is the way to the museumD. why does his wife always go shopping（）5. ---Could you tell me ______ she is looking for?A. thatB.. whichC. whoD. whose（）6. Mr. King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.A. when does his son come homeB. when his son comes homeC. when did his son come homeD. when his son came home（）7. Could you tell me _______ the bike this morning?A. how he mendedB. how he mendsC. how does he mendD. how did he mend( ) 8. ---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive?---Usually it comes by 4: 00.A. howB. whereC. whenD. what（）9. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________?---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.A. how we can get to the post officeB. how can we get to the post officeC. how get to the post officeD. how could we get to the post office（）10. He wanted to know ___________.A. whether he speaks at the meetingB. when the meeting would startC. what he’s going to do at the meetingD. where would the meeting be held（）11. ---Can I help you?---Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me ______ take to get there?A. how soon will itB. how soon it willC. how long it willD. how long will it（）12. ---Could you tell me _________ the Bamboo Garden?---The day after tomorrow, I think.A. when will you visitB. when you will visitC.when you would visitD. when would you visit （）13. My physics teacher said that light ________ faster than sound.A. travelB. travelsC. traveled（）14. ---Could you tell me _________ last night?---Er, I was watching a movie at home.A. what you were doingB. what were you doingC. what you are doingD. what are you doing （）15. I want to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whether（）16. ---Could you tell me ____________?---Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting.A. what does he say at the meetingB. what did he say at the meetingC. what he says at the meetingD. what he said at the meeting（）17. You can’t imagine _________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited（）18. I wanted to know ________, but no one would like to tell me.A. what did the old man sayB. what the old man needC. what did the old man wantD. what the old man meant（）19. Every morning the patients are asked if ________ their temperature taken.A. they had hadB. have they hadC. they have hadD. had they had（）20. Would you please tell me _________ next, Mr Wang?A. what should we doB. we should do what C . should we do what. D what we should do参考答案：1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.D 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.D4。
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• 以do does did开头的改为陈述语序时则要去掉 do does did, 宾语从句中的谓语动词要加上形式 • Do开头的只要去掉do就可以其他不变。
• • • • • Do they come from Japan?---They come from Does he come from Japan-----变陈述语序 He comes from Japan Did he come from Japan----变陈述语序 He came from Japan
• 主句当中都有一个引述动词，如 tell, ask, say ,think,know等。引述动词如果用一般现在 时 ，宾语从句时态不变，由从句决定。引述动 词如果用一般过去时 ，要用相应的过去时态。
• 把下面句子合并为复合句。 1.He says , he designed his own school unifrom. • He says that he design his own school unifrom. 2.He asks? Did he design his own school unifrom He asks if/wether he designed his own school unifrom. 3.He asks?what should he do? He asks what he should do？ 4.She asks? Where does he go shopping? She asks where he goes shopping? 5.She asks when did he go back? She asks when he went back?
• 直接引语变间接引语的变化形式 • 人称代词变化 • 人称代词要根据情况做适当调整。“一主二宾 三不变” • Mary asked me :“ what should I do now?” • Mary asked me what she should do now?
• Mary asked me :“ what are you doing now?” • Mary asked me what I am doing now? • Mary asked me :“ what should he do now?” • Mary asked me :“ what he should do now?”
• Jane asks kangkang:“what did he wear?” • Jane asks kangkang what he wore? • Jane asks Maria:“ Are you in a pink dress?” • Jane asks Maria if she is is a pink dress?
宾语从句三要素
• • • • •
一引导词（连接词） 1.从句是一般陈述句用that连接,that可省略 Canyou tell me? He is from Japan.(合并一句） Can you tell me (that) he is from Japan. 2.从句是一般疑问句用if/whether连接，有or not 时只用wether. if 翻译为是否 • Can you tell me? Is he from Japan? (合并一句） • Can you tell me if /wether he is form Japan.
• 3.从句是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词连接。 • Can you tell me? Where is he from?（合并一 句） • Can you tellme where he is from ?
• Can you tell me? When does he go? （合并一 句） • Can you tell me when he goes? • Can you tell me? What will he do? （合并一句） • Can you tell me what he will do?
直接引语变间接引语
• • • • • 直接引语变间接引语要领： 1.先去掉冒号引号 2.改为宾语从句 3.改为相对应的人称代词 间接引语四要am doing my homework ”改间接 • Jane says that she is doing her homework.
• 二.语序宾语从句一定要用陈述语序 • 英语中以be动词，情态动词can,must,will,助动词 -do does did开头的句子称为疑问语序。 • 若是be动词，情态动词can,must,will,should开头 的改为陈述语序时，把它们放回到主语后。
• • • •
Is he from China?---He is from China. Are they doing sports?---They are doing sports. Should we do sports?----We should do sports. Will they go home?-----They will go home.
直接引语和间接引语概述 1. 我们把引述别人的话语可归纳为两种方式，一 种时直接引述别人的话语，并置于引号之内的称 为直接引语，另一种是用自己的语言转述别人的 话语，称为间接引语，间接引语构成宾语从句。 The girl says, “I like English very much.” 那个 女孩说：“我非常喜欢英语。”（直接引语） The girl says that she likes English very much. 那个女孩说她非常喜欢英语。（间接引语） 直接引语如何变为间接引语呢？ 就是把冒号引号去掉然后变为宾语从句，多一个 变化就是人称的变化