国家教育大政方针_总

Rejuvenate the country through science and education 科教兴国Action Plan for Education Rejuvenation for the 21st Century <<面向21世纪教育行动计划>>The 10th 5-Y ear Plan for National Education Development <<全国教育事业第十个五年计划>>Education policy 教育方针Be oriented to modernization, the world and the future 面向现代化,面向世界,面向未来Education system with Chinese characteristics 有中国特色的教育体系Bring into play the precursory and fundamental nature and overall importance of education 发挥教育的先导性,全局性,基础性作用Accomplish general outreach of 9-year compulsory education /achieve general access to 9-year compulsory education基本普及九年制义务教育General elimination of illiteracy among the young and middle-aged 基本扫除青壮年文盲Two generals “两基”Promote forward looking and leap-frog development 实施适度超前和跨越式发展Realization of 90% enrollment in junior secondary education 初中生入学率达到90%Enrollment oin senior secondary education 高中生入学率Strive for providing higher education to a majority of people 实现高等教育大众化Provide an education with all-rounded development in all schools and higher-learning institutions 全面推进素质教育With moral education at the core 以德育为核心Instill a sound outlook on the world, life and values 树立正确的世界观,人生观和价值观Enhance students’ moral integrity, humanistic qualities and scientific knowledge 提高学生的思想道德品质,人文素养和科学品质Foster student s’ development of their innovative awareness, ability to innovate, enterprising spirit and ability to apply these skills 培养学生的创新意识,创新能力,创业精神和实践能力Enable students to receive an education to develop morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically 促进学生德智体美全面发展Respect the dignity of students 尊重学生人格Ensure the healthy physical and mental growth of students 保证学生身心健康成长Advance and enrich the fine cultural heritage of the nation 弘扬民族优秀文化Promote advanced culture 传播先进文化Promote social progress 促进社会文明进步Produce students with interdisciplinary knowledge and well-rounded abilities培养复合型人才Competition for qualified human resources 人才的竞争Competition for better performance of the people 全民素质的竞争Enhance the overall strength of the country 增强综合国力Education for all-round development 素质教育Adult education 成人教育Self-taught testing program 自学考试教育TV education 电视教育Distance learning 远程教育Correspondence education 函授教育Continuing education 继续教育Lifelong learning 终身教育General education 通才教育Ideological and political education 思想政治教育Moral education 道德品质教育Teacher education 师范教育Bilingual education 双语教育Co-education 男女同校教育Special education program 特殊教育Extension education 推广教育Education of the physically handicapped 残疾人教育On-job training 在职训练Compulsory education program for poverty stricken regions 贫困地区义务教育工程Education development program for Western regions 西部教育开发工程Higher education institution project for high-tech commercialization 高校高新技术产业化工程Military academy 军事院校Regular institution of higher learning 普通高校211 Project (for higher education development) 211 工程Cheung Kong Scholars Program 长江学者计划National Key Research Center for Social Sciences 人文社科国家重点研究基地pedagogy; teaching method 教学法Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education 教育部社政司Science and technology constitute a primary productive force 科学技术是第一生产力teachers in rural schools who do not receive the normal remuneration from the government 民办教师carry on the quality education centering on moral education and emphasizing creativity and p ractice 全面实施以德育为核心、以创新精神和实践能力为重点的素质教育a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study硕博联读have the same educational level (as the regular graduate or student of certain academic qualification) 同等学力to reduce study load, alleviate the burden on students 学生减负graduate diploma/graduate degree's diploma 研究生毕业证/学位证enrolment and vocation guidance office 招生就业指导办公室upgrade from junior college student to university student; students with the diploma of junior college try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught study 专升本Chinese-Foreign Cooperation in Running Schools 中外合作办学Education Law of the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国教育法Regulations on Academic Degrees 学位条例Law on Compulsory Education 义务教育法Law on Teachers 教师法Law on Higher education 高等教育法V ocational Education Law of the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国职业教育法standardizing Chinese-foreign cooperation in running schools, strengthening international exchange and cooperation in the field of education and promoting the development of the educational cause.标准化中外合资办学，加强国际教育领域交流合作，推动教育事业发展Chinese-foreign cooperatively-run schools 中外合办学校adopts the policies of opening wider to the outside world 采取对外开放政策enjoy preferential policies 享受优惠政策conduct educational activities in accordance with law 依法办学comply with Chinese public ethics 符合公德overall planning, comprehensive coordination and macro control 全局规划，综合协调，宏观调控run a school at the invitation of the education administrative department 应教育部之邀办学meet the basic requirements prescribed by ... 符合（法律的）基本要求non-academic qualifications 非学术标准educational targets, size of the school, level and form of education to be offered, conditions for offering education, system of internal management, sources of funding and capital management 教学目标，办学规模，办学水平、形式，办学条件，教学管理体系，资金来源，资产管理set up a board of trustees 建立理事会joint managerial committee 联合管理委员modify the articles of association and formulate school rules and bylaw 修改相关条款,制定学校规章制度raise operational funds, examine and approve the budget and the final accounts 筹备办学资金，监督预算、批准最终开支enrolling and training foreign students 录取、培训留学生follow the principle of "deepening reform, strengthening supervision, guaranteeing quality, and developing in a positive and reliable step."遵循深化改革、加强监督、保证质量、积极稳定发展的原则Chinese Government Scholarship 中国政府奖学金competent local authorities 有关部门foreign affairs department 外事办state-planned quota 国家计划指标tuition items and fee standards collected by higher education institutions 高等教育机构收取的收费项目和标准the state-planed enrollment 国家计划录取inter-school exchange programmes and self-paid foreign students 交换生计划和自费留学生development trend of macro education 教育总体发展趋势Theory, Practice and Policy on Lifelong Learning 终身学习方面的理论、实践和政策policy foundation of curriculum reform 教育改革的政策基础reduction of students’workload 学生减负policy orientation of innovation in education 创新教育方面的政策定位regional disparity of investment in education 教育投入的地区差异role differentiation of education and government responsibility 教育和政府职责的角色差异implementation of national education policies by local education authorities地方教育机构对国家教育政策的实施admission age 入学年龄entrance requirements入学标准admission qualification 入学资格entrance examination入学考试provide training to selected students定向培养comprehensive assessment 全面衡量merit-based enrollment择优录取joint entrance examination 联合招生考试relax restriction on the required age of exam candidates放宽报名考生年龄限制moral practice道德实践self-education 自我教育integration of vocational education with general education 职业教育与普通教育相结合develop long-distance education with the help of information technology利用信息发展远程教育revise the educational structure and organization 调整教育的布局optimize the division of disciplines优化专业设置update teaching materials更新教材reform the curriculum, examination and evaluation system改革课程体系、考试评价制度improve the methods and quality of instruction改进教学方法提高教学质量strengthen moral education改进德育教育方法reinforce ideological and political work加强学校思想政治工作recruit a strong corps of capable teachers搞好教师队伍建设improve the overall quality of teachers提高教师素质various forms of continuing education 多种形式的继续再教育Action Plan for Invigorating Education 教育振兴行动计划the plan to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal and to basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults in the western region “两基”攻坚计划private schools 私立学校to encourage the development of private schools 鼓励私立学校发展National People's Congress（NPC）全国人民代表大会Education, Science, Culture and Health Committee教育、科学、文化委员会Ministry of Education教育部provide a legal framework for the development of private schools 为私立学校发展提供法律框架registered students 注册学生draft the first law on private schools 就私立学校起草的首部法案government-run schools 公立学校enjoy the same treatment as government-run schools 与公立学校享受同等待遇protect the rights of teachers and students 保护教师、学生权利give a boost to the healthy growth of private schools 推进私立学校健康增长an important part of the China educational system 中国教育系统的一个重要部分local governments at different levels各级当地政府put a lot of cash into education 在教育投入大量资金meet the needs of the public 满足公众需求calls for more privately-run schools 要求建立更多私立学校pursue higher education 接受更高教育finishing high school 高中毕业Shanghai Education Commission 上海教育委员会government-run colleges and universities 公立大学need further development 需要进一步发展preferential policies优惠政策preferential policies such as loans, tax and other financial measures 如贷款、税收及其它财政方式的优惠政策non-profit making institutes非盈利性机构Education Law教育法gain a reasonable return 得到合理利润encourage individuals and social organizations to invest in private schools 鼓励个人、社会团体投资私立学校receive a more varied and better education 接受更多更好的教育educational structure 教育结构办学效益efficiency in school management教育投入input in education优化教师队伍optimize the teaching staff职前教育pre-service education岗位培训undergo job-specific training职业道德professional ethics重点学科key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study（大学）专科Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs扫盲班literacy class学龄儿童school-ager辍/失学青少年school dropout/leaver在职培训on-the-job/in-service training基础科学the fundamentals学分制the credit system三学期制the trimester system双学士制 a double BA degree system主副修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching, research, and production包分配guarantee job assignments示范试点demonstration pilot project多学科的multi-disciplinary重点大学key university授予（学士）confer被授权be authorized to do博士后科研流动站center for post-doctoral studies专业specialty国家教育经费national expenditure on education财政拨款financial allocation半文盲semiliterate; functional illiterate专任教师full-time teacher国际文化交流intercultural communication教育方针guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。