福建师范大学网络教育作业
福建师范大学网络教育学院大学英语(2)第二次网络作业及答案
大学英语（2）第二次网络作业（新教材）(三次网络作业的平均成绩占期末考试总评成绩30%，请大家在认真复习好《大学英语（北京交通大学出版社）》课本第2册第3-4单元的课文（Intensive Study）、词汇与短语后完成如下作业；作业一经批改评分，将不能修改；此次作业完成后应交到“在线作业”一栏本次作业界面中；作业必须按最后一页答卷表格格式作答，并且不要以附件形式缴交)一、阅读：( 1 )A few years ago it was common to speak of a generation gap between young people and their elders. Parents said that children did not respect and listen to them, while children said that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared? Actually, the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many people argue that it is built into every part of our society.One important cause of the generation gap is the opportunity that young people have to choose their own ways of life. In a more traditional society, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and like, and often to continue the family jobs. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family at an early age, marry or live with people whom their parents have never met, and choose jobs different from those of their parents.In our society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did, to find better jobs, to make more money and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often, that is another cause of the gap between them. Often, theydiscover that they have very little in common with each other.Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is the third cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture, senior people are valued for their knowledge, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities. No doubt, the generation gap will continue in American life for some time to come.1. The first paragraph tells us that ______.a. the problem of the generation gap draws much attentionfrom peopleb. it is out of date to talk about the generation gapc. children and parents are trying to understand each otherd. it is very important for people to frequently communicatewith each other2. In a more traditional society, old people_______.a. have their children respect and listen to themb. do not care for their children at allc. expect their children to rebel against themd. do not live together with their children3. In American society young people________.a. do not need to find jobsb. leave home at an early agec. have better education than their parentsd. marry people younger than them4. Which of the following is NOT the cause of the generation gap?a. Young people like to depend more on themselves.b. Parents do not love their children dearly.c. American society changes rapidly.d. Parents expect too much of their children.5. The main idea of the passage is ________.a. that the generation gap needs consideringb. when the generation gap is necessary in American societyc. why the generation gap existd. how we can reduce the generation gap( 2 )If you ask some people,”How did you learn English so well?”You may get a surprising answer:“ In my sleep!”There are people who have taken part in one of recent experiments to test “Learn---While---Sleep”methods, which are now being tried in several countries, and with several subjects, of which English is only one.Specialists say that this “sleep----study”method speeds language learning greatly. They say that the average person can learn two or three times as much during sleep as in the period during the day---and this does not affect his rest in any way. A word of warning, however, sleep teaching will only strengthen in your mind what you have studied already while you are awake.In an experiment, lessons were broadcast over the radio. Each lesson lasted twelve hours—from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m. The first three hours of English grammar and vocabulary were given with the student awake. At 11 p.m. a lullaby(催眠曲) was broadcast to send the student to sleep and for the next three hours the radio whispered the lesson again into his sleeping ear. At 2 a.m. a sharp noise was sent over the radio to wake the sleeping student up for a few minutes to review the lesson. The soft songs sent him back to rest again while the radio went on. At 5 a.m. his sleep ended and he had to go through the lesson again for three hours before breakfast.6. Compared with other methods of learning, the Learn---While---You---Sleep method is____c__.a. slowerb. very tiringc. quickerd. very simple7. By this method, one ___c___.a. starts to learn a new lesson in sleepb. learns how to sleep betterc. is made to remember his lessons in sleepd. can get more knowledge over the radio8. In the experiment, the first part of the lesson was given___d___.a. around midnightb. after lullabies were broadcastc. all through the twelve hoursd. while the student was awake9. Before each lesson finishes, the student has to ___d____.a. get up and take breakfastb. be wakened by a loud noisec. listen to the lesson again in sleepd. review the lesson by himself10. The “sleep---study”method is being tried in many countries to teach__d__.a. Englishb. grammar and vocabularyc. languagesd. a number of subjects二. 介词填空: （按第2册课本第3-4单元课文内容填入适当的介词）11. _In ___ other words(换句话说)，if you get paid once a month, then you have to budget accordingly so that you won’t run outof money before the end of the month.12. If you get paid every two weeks or every week, figure___out___(计算出，合计出) which of your bills have to be paid on each payday.13. The bosses should be rather unhappy as many male office workers like to keep an eye on__(密切注视)important NBA games via the Internet.14. It’s handy to have something in the freezer and less costly __in____ the long run (从长远来看)than making a quick trip to the store after work and picking up only what you need for that night’s meal.15. A good way to begin the budgeting process is to sort _out__ (挑选出，整理好)all of your legal and financial papers and file them so you can find what you need when you need it.（提示：答案必须填入下面的答卷表格内，只要复制粘贴提交答卷即可，请不要用附件形式提交）大学英语( 2 )第二次网络作业答卷纸姓名：学号：专业：所在教学中心：。
福建师大网络教育学院大学英语(1)作业及答案
大学英语(1)第一次网络作业一.阅读：(1)The world's population continues to grow.There now are a b o u t4b i l l i o n o f u s o n ea rth.T ha t c o ul d r ea ch 6 b i l l i o n by the end of the century and 11 billion in a further 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth.Where will we find the food,water,jobs,houses,school and health care for all these people?A major new study shows that the situation may be changing.A large and rapid drop in the world's birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years.Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations.Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy.More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments,especially in developing nations,now support family planning programs to reduce population grow.China is one of the nations that have made great progress in reducing its population growth.China has already cut its rate of population growth by about half since 1970.Each Chinese family is now urged to have no more than one child.And the hope is to reach a zero population growth with the total number of births equaling the total number of deaths by the year 2000.Several nations in Europe already have fewer births than deaths.Experts said that these nations could face a serious shortage of workers in the future.And the persons who are working could face much higher taxes to help support thegrowing number of retired people.1.The world's population could reach ba.6 billion in 75 yearsb. 11 billion in 2075c.11 billion by the end of this centuryd.600 million in 15 years2.Which of the following is true? ba.The world's birth rate is higher than ten years ago.b.There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years.c.Families are as large as before.d.Birth control has been well practiced in all nations.3.By the year 2000,the number of births and the number of deaths in China willa.be greatly differentb.drop a great dealc.be equald.become much larger4.According to the essay,China's population control ba.is not quite successfulb.should be considered a big successc.is far from being successfuld.is a complete failure5.It may happen in the future that the people who are working in Europe willhave to pay much higher taxes because ba.more and more children will be bornb.the number of retired people will become ever largerc.fewer and fewer children will be bornd.they will be making a lot of money(2)I arrived in the United States on February 6,1966,but Iremember my first day here very clearly.My friend was waiting for me when my plane landed at Kennedy Airport at three o'clock in the afternoon.The weather was very cold and it was snowing, but I was too excited to mind.From the airport,my friend and I took a taxi to my hotel.On the way,I saw the skyline of Manhattan for the first time and I stared in astonishment at the famous skyscrapers and their man-made beauty.My friend helped me unpack at the hotel and them left me because he had to go back to work. He promised to return the next day.Shortly after my friend had left, I went t o a resta u ra nt near the hotel to get something to eat.Because I couldn't speak a word of English,I couldn't tell the waiter what I wanted.I was very upset and started to make some gestures, but the waiter didn't understand me.Finally,I ordered the same thing the man at the next table was eating.After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway until I came to Times Square with its movie theatres,neon lights,and huge crowds of people.I did not feel tired,so I continued to walk around the city.I wanted to see everything on my first day.I knew it was impossible, but I wanted to try.When I returned to the hotel, I was exhausted, but I couldn't sleep because I kept hearing the fire and police sirens during the night.I lay awake and thought about New York.It was a very big and interesting city with many tall buildings and big cars, and full of noise and busy people.I also decided right then that I had to learn to speak English.6.On the way to his hotel,the writer da.was silent all the timeb.kept talking to his friendc.showed his friend something he brought with himd.looked out of the window with great interest7.He did not have what he really wanted,because da.he only made some gesturesb.he did not order at allc.the waiter was unwilling to served.he could not make himself understood8.The waiter Ca.knew what he would orderb.finally understood what he saidc.served the same thing the man at the next table was havingd.took the order through his gestures9.After dinner, he da.walked back to the hotel right awayb.went to the moviesc.did some shopping on Broadwayd.had a walking tour about the city10.That night he could not sleep,because da.he did not know what to do the next dayb.he was not tired at allc.he was thinking about his great cityd.he kept hearing the fire and police sirens二.介词填空：(按课本课文内容填入适当的介词)11.Successful lanquage learners are learners with a purpose.12.Successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend o n the book or the teacher.13.It is just like a 24-hour library,which enables us to search E or the right information we need by simply typing in some key words.14.It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate w ith these people and to learn from them.15. on the other hand,if your language learning has beenless than successful,you might do well to try some of the techniques outlined above.大学英语(1)第二次网络作业一.阅读：(1)The angry woman stood by the station."The railway owes me f12,"she said to Harry Jenks,the booking clerk (订票员). "My ticket was for May 22nd,and there was no ship from Jersey that night.My daughter and I had to stay in a hotel.It cost me E12."Harry was worried.He remembered selling the woman a return ticket."Come into the office,madam,"he said,"I'll just check the Jersey timetable for May 22nd ."The woman and her little girl followed him inside.She was quite right,as Harry soon discovered.There was no sailing on May 22nd.How ever had he made such a big mistake?Wondering what to do,he smiled at the child."You look healthy,"he said to her."Did you have a nice holiday in Jersey?"“Yes,"she answered."Th e beach was beautiful.And I can swim too!""That's fine,"said Harry."My little girl can't swim a bit yet.Of course, she's only three-----""I'm four,"the child said proudly."I'll soon be four and a half."Harry turned to the mother."I remember your ticket, madam,"he said."But you didn't get one for your daughter, did you?"" Er, well-----" The woman looked at the child. " I mean-----she hasn't started school yet.She's only four.""A four year old child must have a ticket,madam.A child's return to Jersey costs----let me see----f13.50. So if the railway pays your hotel bill,you will owe f1.50.The law is the law, but since we have made a mistake-----"The woman stood up, took the child's hand and left theoffice.1.The angry woman went to the station aa.to ask the railway to pay her hotel billb.to buy a ticket for her daughterc.to have a friendly talk with the booking clerkd.to buy the Jersey timetable2.Harry had a talk with the girl in order to aa.find out how old the girl was and whether the girl hadbeen to Jerseyb.please the girl and her motherc.get some information about Jerseyd.find out how many days they spent in Jersey3.The hotel bill is ca.more than the cost of a child's ticketb.exactly the same as the cost of a child's ticketc.less than the cost a child's ticketd.more than the cost of a woman's ticket4. The child is b years oldb. fourc. threed. fivea.two5.A girl of b should buy a ticket according to the law of the railway.a. threeb. fourc. fived. six( 2 )In the eighteen century young ladies in Italy were taught reading, writing,music and arithmetic(算术). But their knowledge of history and geography(地理) was very poor.Once the French ambassador (大使) in Rome was giving a ball (舞会)to which many important people were invited.The Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs(外交部长) came very late.A young lady,who was well acquainted with him,saw him enter the ball-room(舞厅) and asked why he was so late."You see,"said the Minister,"there has been a little accident at the King's palace."The curious young lady asked the Minister to tell her what had happened at the King's palace.“Oh, nothing important," answered the Minister. "The ambassador of Brail (巴西),who was to be presented to the King, forgot to take his credentials(外交使节所递的国书) with him and was obliged to go back to his hotel to bring them.If he had left them in Brail we should have had to wait at least six months for them."“Is Brail so far from Rome?”asked the lady,who knew very little geography."It is in the New World,"said the Minister."In the New World?" repeated the lady in great astonishment."Yes, in the New World," answered the Minister in a sarcastic(讽刺的) tone,"which was discovered by Christopher Columbus (哥伦布). ”When the young lady heard this,she rushed into the middle of the ball-room and shouted as loud as she could: "Ladies and gentlemen,have you heard the latest news?A new world has just been discovered by a certain Christopher Columbus."6. The Italian foreign minister came to the hall very latebecause da.someone was hurt in the King's palaceb.he had had something to do at homec.he was reluctant to come to the halld.he was delayed by a little accident7.What happened at the King's palace? da.The ambassador left his credentials in Brail.b.The King was late;the Brazilian ambassador had to waitfor him.c.For some reason the ambassador had to go back to Brail.d.The Brazilian ambassador f orgot to take his credentialswith him.8.Where did the ambassador leave his credentials? Ca. In his officeb. In Romec. In the hoteld. In Brail9.The reason why the young lady shouted her announcement wasthat da.she was the hostess of the ballb.she was well acquainted with the Ministerc. she had never heard about Columbusd.she wanted to broadcast the surprising news10. Her announcement showed she was da.cleverb.thoughtlessc.knowledgeabled.ignorant二.介词填空：(按课本课文内容填入适当的介词)11.If you don't,you could end u p s pending hundreds of dollars more than you should have.12. As activities are usually carried o ut during one's spare time,leisure has the following functions:relaxation, recreation and entertainment,and personal development.13. You should start packing a t least a week in advance.14. Because you don't want to stay u p all night packing and wear yourself out before you even leave for the trip.15. Moreover,you should also find o ut the best time of year to go.大学英语(1)第三次网络作业一、交际用语对话练习：(针对每个对话未完成的部分选择最适当的答案)1.-Please help yourself to the seafood一aa. Thanks,but I don't like the seafood.b.Sorry,I can't help.c.Well, seafood don't suit for.d.No, I can't.2.-Can you go to the concert with us this evening?一 ba.No,I already have plans.b.I'd love to,but I'm busy tonight.c.No,I really don't like being with you.d.I'm ill,so I shouldn't go out.3.-Congratulations!You won the first prize in today's speech contest.一 Ca.Yes, I beat the others.b.No,c.Thank no I didn'tyou.do it well.d.It's a pleasure.4.-Must I take a taxi?-No,you d .You can take my car.a.had better tob.don'tc.must notd.don't have to5.-We are going to have a singing party tonight.Would you like to join us?a一a.I'm afraid not, because I have to go to an important meeting.b.Of course not. I have no idea.c.No, I can't.d.That's all set.6.---How about a date to the movies tonight,Jane?aa.I'm sorry.I have to drive my mother home tonightb.I don't think soc.Never mindd.Take it easy7.---Are you ready to order dessert,please?ba.Yes,pleaseb.Yes,I'd like to have some chocolate cakec.No, don't mention itd.Please don't order it8.---Did Tom tell you to water the flowers?Ca.No. And so did Ib.No.And neither did Ic. He did. And so I didd.He did.And so do I9.---Shall we sit up here on the grass or down there nearthe water?da. Yes,we like these two placesb.Sorry, I don't like neitherc.Certainly, why not?d.I'd rather stay here if you don't mind10.---Would you mind changing seats with me?aa. No, I don't mindb.Of course, I like toc. Yes,you cand.Certainly, please do二.阅读：(1)Mr.Young ran his own business and worked very hard. His wife was afraid that he would get sick if he continued like that,so she often tried to get him to take a vacation. At last she managed to persuade him to do so,and she hoped that he would be able to enjoy his vacation without any disturbance,so before they left,Mrs.Young went to see her husband's secretary. She said to her, 'My husband needs a vacation very much,so whatever happens,please don't bother him with telegrams and letters about business problems whilewe're away.Just wait till we get back.After Mr.and Mrs.Young had been away about a week,Mr. Young received a letter from his secretary which said, `Something terrible happened to your business,but I'm not going to bother you with it while you're enjoying your vacation.'11.What did Mr. Young do? ba.He was an office worker.b.He was owner of a private business.c.He was a company manager.d.He was a school principal.12.What was Mrs.Young worried about? ba.Her husband's business.b.Her husband's health.c.Her husband's relation with his secretary.d.Her husband's authority(权威) in the company.13.What was Mrs.Young afraid of? Ca.That her husband wouldn't like to take a vacation.b.That something terrible might happen to the business.c.That her husband's vacation might be spoilt(破坏).d.That her husband would have a plan of his own.14.Why didn't the secretary explain in her letter what hadhappened to Mr.Young's business? ba.Because she wanted Mr. Young to guess what it was.b.Because she didn't want to spoilt Mr.Young's vacation.c.Because she was afraid that the letter would be readby Mrs. Young,d.Because she forgot to mention it.15.What can you learn from the story? ba.Mr.Young was an intelligent businessman.b.Mr.Young had a stupid secretary.c.Mrs.young was a considerate wife.d.Mrs.Young was a sensitive woman.(2)Jim walked into the lobby of the large office building. It was the first time he had ever visited his girlfriend at work, and he was looking forward to seeing her office and meeting her co-workers(同事). He decided he would use the bathroom before trying to locate her office.As he was looking around the lobby(大厅)for the men's room he spotted the security guard(保安),a man in his fifties who was clearly of Latin American descent (拉丁美洲血统).The guard was busy fixing something on his desk when Jim interrupted."Excuse me, do you know where the man's room is?"Without nodding or stopping his work,the guard pursed his lips(噘起嘴).Seeing the guard's response,Jim wondered to himself,"What's the matter with this guy?How can he work here and not know where the bathroom is?"The security guard looked at Jim,who continued to stand there,a puzzled expression(表情) on his face.The guard thought to himself,"What's the matter with this guy?He asks me for directions,and when I show him he just stands there. Maybe he's up to no good."Jim frowned(皱眉)and asked impatiently, "Do you speak English?”The guard answered, angry at having been asked such a question,"of course I speak English.I wouldn't have the job if I didn't speak English.""Then can you tell me where the bathroom is?"Jim asked."Down the hall,"the guard replied.As Jim walked down the hall he shook his head and thought to himself,"Why didn't he help me in the first place."16.The word "spotted"in the first paragraph most probably means d .a.markedb.caught C.watched d. saw17.When the guard was asked if he knew where the bathroom was, he d .a.refused to answer the questionb.wondered what was the matter with the guyc.got angry at being interruptedd.indicated its direction by using his lips18.Seeing Jim still standing there, the guard suspectedaa.he was a foolb.he misunderstood his responsec.he was planning to do something badd.he had not heard his answer19.Jim stood there because he was waiting for da.an opportunity to carry out his planb.his girl friend to come out of her officec.an answer to another questiond.a clearer response of his question20.The theme of the story is da.generation gap may give rise to conflictsb.impossible accidents do occur sometimesc.guards working in large buildings are not very helpfuld.differences in culture can lead to misunderstanding。
2021年福建师范大学网络教育幼儿园组织与管理作业
2021年福建师范大学网络教育幼儿园组织与管理作业一、简答题1、简述幼儿园管理的双重性。
请问：幼儿园管理具备双重性。
幼儿园工作就是以育人为目的的社会共同劳动，须要周密的非政府分工和协同统一指挥，必须存有专职管理人员和适合的非政府机构及必要的工作制度，并遵从科学规律，非政府幼儿教育与管理工作，提升共同劳动的效率、效益。
这就是其自然属性。
同时，幼儿园教育与管理工作必须贯彻落实一定的教育方针政策，依据一定社会、国家对人才规格的建议实行教育，并通过创建园所领导体制与非政府机构，以及处置管理与被管理关系的活动，同时实现园所的整体工作目标，彰显出来其与一定生产关系、社会制度的建议二者联系的社会属性。
2、详述幼儿园班级保教工作的内容。
答：1、保教结合，全面安排幼儿的生活和活动：2、在观察了解幼儿的基础上，制定教育目标和计划，开展多种形式的活动：3、创造良好的、适合的并能促进幼儿发展的环境。
4、班级卫生安全工作：5、家园联系配合，共同一致促进幼儿发展。
3、简述幼儿园环境规划的基本要求。
请问：1、确保安全，符合卫生建议。
2、环境条件必须为复育和教育服务。
3、环境创设必须因地制，经济适用于。
4、简述幼儿园公共关系的基本原则。
请问：1、信誉至上原则；2、官方对外开放原则；3、互利互惠原则；4、全员参予原则。
5、详述幼儿园身心健康和安全教育的管理目标。
答：幼儿园必须把保护幼儿的生命和促进幼儿的健康放在工作的首位，密切结合幼儿的生活进行安全、营养和保健教育，提高幼儿的自我保护意识和能力。
幼儿园卫生保健管理的任务：1、一日生活的组织与引导；2、促进发育，增强体质；3、合理组织幼儿参加锻炼。
安全教育:1、强化安全意识，树立安全第一的观念；2、注意环境安全，减少意外事故；3、建立安全的制度，完善安全措施；4、维护幼儿安全，加强安全教育。
6、简述幼儿园环境规划的基本要求。
请问：1、确保安全，符合卫生建议。
2、环境条件必须为复育和教育服务。
福建师范大学网络与继续教育学院《计算机应用基础》 试题作业
1.选中要制作的图表的数据表格
2一次点击插入菜单-柱型图-二维簇状柱形图
3插入图表
一、单项选择题（每小题1分，共40分。请在答题纸上填写答案，否则不计分。）
1、计算机可以进行自动处理的基础是(A)。
A）存储程序B）快速运算
C）能进行逻辑判断D）计算精度高
2、计算机中的所有信息都是以二进制方式表示的，主要理由是(D)。
D）要连接的新闻服务器名
37、PowerPoint2010中“幻灯片放映”，选择排练计时，可以设置（D）。
A）幻灯片动画B）图表的设计或布局
C）设计、切换D）幻灯片放映的时间控制
38、在PowerPoint2010中，设置幻灯片的放映方式中用户可以设置的放映选择有（D）。
A）循环放映B）放映时不加旁白
A）职称B）职工号C）性别D）工资
23、在Excel2010的单元格格式对话框中，不存在的选项卡是(C)。
A）对齐选项卡B）数字选项卡
C）货币选项卡D）字体选项卡
24、在Excel 2010的一个工作表上的某一单元格中，若要输入计算公式2017-2-5，则正确的输入为(C)。
A）'2017-2-5B）"2017-2-5"
在“常用”工具栏上，单击“格式刷”。指针会变为一个画笔图标。
如果要将同一格式复制到文档中多处，需双击“格式刷”或依次选择它们。
2、简述随机存储器RAM与只读存储器ROM的区别。
随机存储器(RAM),它是一种临时存放数据的地方,它的存取速度很快,所以在电脑运行软件的时候就把程序调入内存(RAM),你对程序所做的更改都是在内存中进行,当你退出了程序后系统就自己把分它的那部分内存收回,又分给其他的程序,RAM也就是内存条。
福师大2020年秋《课程与教学论》在线作业试题及答案
福师大2020年秋《课程与教学论》在线作业试题及答案福建师范大学网络教育《课程与教学论》在线作业试题及答案一、论述题1、阐述对新课程三维目标的理解。
答：三维目标关系概括为：“知识与技能维度的目标立足于让学生学会，过程与方法维度的目标立足于让学生会学，情感、态度与价值观难度的目标立足于让学生乐学，任何割裂知识、技能，过程、方法，情感、态度、价值观三维目标的教学都不能促进学生的健全发展。
”也就是说，知识和技能目标只有在学习者的积极反思、大胆批判和实践运用的履历过程中，才能实现经验性的意义建构；情感态度和价值观目标只有伴随着学习者对学科知识技能的反思、批判与运用，才能得到提升；而过程与方法，只有学习者以积极的情感态度为动力，以知识和技能目标为适用对象，才能体现它本身存在的价值。
我个人认为知识与技能是不能独立，二者是相辅相成的。
知识能促进技能的发展，技能上来了也能帮助人们吸收理解掌握新的知识。
过程与方法这一维目标我认为应该更加重要，其实在传授知识的同时，我们总在进行着过程与方法的习得。
有时我们说过程与方法可能比知识更加的重要，因为我们学习的知识是静态知识，是人类文明的积累，是过去的东西，是人们在经历过的过程中保留下来的文化遗产，这样总是跟在时代的后面。
随着时代的进步，知识更新的速度越来越快，人们没有没有精力也没有必要学习所有的知识，同时也不可能学习所有的知识，但是人们掌握了学习知识的过程和方法那样就好了，那样就会一通百通。
因此我们有时候说经历对一个人的得成长太重要了。
情感态度与价值观，我们学习知识的最终得目的是什么？不就是改变人们对世界的认识么，理解世界的本质是什么的问题。
如果看周围的事物的变化和发展，这就是情感态度与价值观。
2、简述有价值的教学情境的特征。
答：教学情境是课堂教学的基本要素，创设教学情境也是教师的一项常规教学工作，创设有价值的教学情境则是教学改革的重要追求。
有价值的教学情境具备以下几个特性：。
福建师范大学网络教育学院《物理化学》作业参考答案
福建师范大学网络教育学院《物理化学》复习资料参考答案一、单项选择题1、已知某反应的速率常数k 为5.0×10 –7mol -1·dm 3·s -1，则该反应反应级数n 是（ C ）(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 2、涉及焓的下列说法中正确的是：（D ）（A ）单质的焓值均为零 B ）在等温过程中焓变为零 (C) 在绝热可逆过程中焓变为零 （D ）化学反应中体系的焓3、水对玻璃润湿，汞对玻璃不润湿，将一玻璃毛细管分别插入水和汞中，下列叙述 不正确的是： ( D ) (A) 管内水面为凹球面 ； (B) 管内汞面为凸球面 ； (C) 管内水面高于水平面 ； (D) 管内汞面与汞平面一致 。
4、在等温等压下，当反应的rGm= 5kJ •mol-1时，该反应能否进行? (C)(A) 能正向自发进行 (B) 能逆向自发进行 (C) 不能判断 (D) 不能进行5、已知反应 2NH3 = N2 + 3H2，在等温条件下，标准平衡常数为0.25，那么，在此条件下，氨的合成反应1/2 N2 + 3/2 H2 = NH3 的标准平衡常数为：(C) (A) 4 (B) 0.5 (C) 2 (D) 16、反应 2C(s) + O2(g)===2CO(g)，其rGm/(J •mol-1) = -232600 - 167.7T/K ，若温度升高，则：(C) (A) rGm变负，反应更完全 (B) Kp变大，反应更完全(C) Kp变小，反应更不完全 （D ）无法判断7、298K 时电池Pt, H 2 (p θ)|HCl (a = 0.01) |AgCl (s)+Ag (s) 的标准电动势E θ为： （ A ）（已知V H H 02/=+θϕ，V AgAgCl Cl 2224.0/=+-θϕ）(A) 0.2224V (B) – 0.2224V (C) 0.3406V (D) – 0.1042V 8、一定温度下下列哪些反应，增加压力能使反应向生成产物方向移动 （ C ） （A ） H 2（g ）+I 2（g ） = 2HI （g ） (B) C （s ）+1/2 O 2（g ）= CO （g ） (C) SO 2（g ）+1/2O 2（g ）= SO 3（g ） (D) C （s ）+O 2（g ）= CO 2（g ）9、对于稀溶液，下列说法正确的是：（C）(A) 溶剂和溶质都服从拉乌尔定律 (B) 溶剂和溶质都服从亨利定律(C) 溶剂服从拉乌尔定律 (D) 溶剂服从亨利定律溶质服从亨利定律溶质服从拉乌尔定律10、下现象属于溶胶的光学性质的是：（ C ）(A) 电泳 (B) 布朗运动 (C) 丁铎尔现象 (D) 沉降平衡11、任意量的NH4Cl（s）、NH3（g）及HCl（g），平衡时该体系的独立组分数和相数应为（D）(A) 1；1 (B) 2；1 (C) 1；2 (D) 2；212、二级反应的速率常数的单位是：（ B ）(A) s-1 (B) dm6·mol-2·s-1 (C) s-1·mol-1 (D) dm3·s-1·mol-113、二组分理想液态混合物的蒸气总压（ B ）(A)与溶液的组成无关 (B)介于两纯组分的蒸气压之间(C) 大于任一纯组分的蒸气压 (D)小于任一纯组分的蒸气压14、已知在273K时，液体A的饱和蒸气压为66662 Pa，液体B 的饱和蒸气压为101325 Pa，设A和B构成理想溶液，则当A在溶液中的摩尔分数x A = 0.5时，气相中A的摩尔分数为（C）(A) 0.200 (B) 0.300 (C) 0.397 (D) 0.60315、以下现象属于溶胶的电动现象的是：（A）(A) 电泳 (B) 布朗运动 (C) 丁达尔现象 (D) 沉降平衡16、甲酸在金表面上分解为CO2和H2的反应是一级反应，413 K和458 K的速率常数分别为5.5×10-4ｓ-1和9.2×10-3ｓ-1，则分解反应的活化能Ea 为：（C）（A）128.4 kJ·mol-1 (B)108.4 kJ·mol-1(C) 98.4 kJ·mol-1 (D)88.4 kJ·mol-117、某一同位素的半衰期为 12 h，则 48 h 后，它的浓度为起始浓度的： (A)(A) 1/16 (B) 1/8 (C) 1/4 (D) 1/218、某反应的速度常数k为5.0×10－5S－1dm3.mol－1，若浓度单位改变为 mol.cm－1，时间单位改变为 min，则k的数值为：（A）（A）3 （B）8.33×10－10（C）8×10－10 （D）3×10－1019、A和B两组分混合形成理想溶液（即理想液态混合物），那么该混合过程的（ B ）(A) ∆mix H > 0 ∆mixV =0 (B) ∆mixH = 0 ∆mixV = 0(C) ∆mix H = 0 ∆mixV < 0 (D) ∆mixH > 0 ∆mixV < 020、反应PCl5（g）= PCl3（g）+Cl2（g），一定温度下，要使平衡向生成产物的方向移动，应采取的措施是：（ C）(A) 增加压力 (B) 体积不变，通入氮气使压力增大(C) 压力不变，通入氮气使体积增大(D) 体积不变，通入氯气使压力增大21、完全润湿时，固/液界面的润湿角：（A）(A) ＝0 o；(B) < 90 o；(C) > 90 o；(D) = 90 o。
福建师范网络教育教育心理学作业
论述建构主义的学生观;并分析其教学含义.. 答：建构主义的学生观：1建构主义强调;学习者并不是把知识从外界搬到记忆中;而是以已有的经验为基础;通过与外界的相互作用来建构新的理解..在日常生活和以往各种形式的学习中;他们已经形成了有关的知识经验;他们对任何事情都有自己的看法..即使是有些问题他们从来没有接触过;没有现成的经验可以借鉴;但是当问题呈现在他们面前时;他们还是会基于以往的经验;依靠他们的认知能力;形成对问题的解释;提出他们的假设..2教学不能无视学习者的已有知识经验;简单强硬的从外部对学习者实施知识的“填灌”;而是应当把学习者原有的知识经验作为新知识的生长点;引导学习者从原有的知识经验中;生长新的知识经验..教学不是知识的传递;而是知识的处理和转换..教师不单是知识的呈现者;不是知识权威的象征;而应该重视学生自己对各种现象的理解;倾听他们时下的看法;思考他们这些想法的由来;并以此为据;引导学生丰富或调整自己的解释..3教师与学生;学生与学生之间需要共同针对某些问题进行探索;并在探索的过程中相互交流和质疑;了解彼此的想法..由于经验背景的差异的不可避免;学习者对问题的看法和理解经常是千差万别的..其实;在学生的共同体中;这些差异本身就是一种宝贵的现象资源..建构主义虽然非常重视个体的自我发展;但是他也不否认外部引导;亦即教师的影响作用..建构主义的教学含义：建构主义者以其对学习的基本理解为基础;就学习内容的选取和组织、教学进程的整体设计等问题提出了自己的观点..1.认知灵活性理论及其随机通达教学：认知灵活性理论是建构主义的一支;它取了一条中间路线;它反对传统教学机械地对知识做预先限定;让学生被动地接受；但同时它也反对极端建构主义只强调学习中的非结构的一方面;忽视概念的重要性..它主张;一方面要提供建构理解所需的基础;同时又要留给学生广阔的建构的空间;让他们针对具体情境采用适当的策略..2.自上而下的教学设计及知识结构的网络概念：在以斯金纳的操作性条件反射理论和加涅的学习层级说等为基础的传统教学中;基本上是自下而上地展开教学进程..斯金纳主张将知识分为一个个的小单元;让学生按一定的步调一步步地学习;最终掌握整体知识..加涅提出了学习层级说;认为知识是有层次结构的;教学要从基本子概念子技能的学习出发;逐级向上;逐渐学习到高级的知识技能..在以他们的思想为基础进行教学进程的设计时;首先对要学的内容进行任务分析;逐级找到应该提前掌握的知识;而后分析学生既有的水平;确定合适的起点;设计出向学生传递知识的方案..在展开教学时;让学生从低级的基本的知识技能出发;逐级向上爬;直到达到最终的教学目标.. 当今的建构主义者批判传统的自下而上的教学设计;认为它是过于简单化的根源..他们在教学进程的设计上遵循相反的路线：①自上而下地展开教学进程..即首先呈现整体性的任务;让学生尝试进行问题的解决;在此过程中;学生要自己发现完成整体任务所需首先完成的子任务;以及完成各级任务所需的各级知识技能..在教学中;首先选择与儿童生活经验有关的问题这种问题并不是被过于简单化的;同时提供用于更好地理解和解决问题的工具..而后让学生单个地或在小组中进行探索;发现解决总问题所需的基本知识技能;在掌握这些知识技能的基础上;最终使问题得以解决认为;教学并不应从简单到复杂;如果简单意味着脱离情境的话..②知识结构的网络概念..认知心理学家们试图以电脑模拟来探讨人脑的认知规律..然而人脑在处理种种复杂的认知任务时;其功能远远胜于电脑..因为电脑程序必须执行序列的、直线型的指令;而人脑的信息加工有时是可以进行平行分配加工的..布洛非的研究指出;在教和学的活动中;不必组成严格的直线型层级;因为知识是由围绕着关键概念的网络结构所组成;它包括事实、概念、概括化以及有关的价值、意向、过程知识、条件知识等等..学习可以从网络的任何部分进入或开始..即教师既可以从要求学生解决一个实际问题开始教学;也可以从给一个规则入手..自上而下的教学设计及知识结构的网络概念是教学设计和教学改革中一种富有创造性的新思路..然而;一些建构主义者在批评自下而上的教学设计时;却有全面否定的绝对化的倾向..我们认为;无论是自上而下还是自下而上的教学设计;或是从网络中某一部分入手;都有其特定的适应范围..它们都必须适应一定的教学目的;根据具体的教学目的和条件而确定..简单地以一种设计去否定另一种设计;是片面的、不实事求是的态度..这一问题还有待深入研究..3.情境性教学：以其对学习这一建构过程的理解为基础;建构主义批评传统教学使学习去情境化的做法;提倡情境性教学..首先;这种教学应使学习在与现实情境相类似的情境中发生;以解决学生在现实生活中遇到的问题为目标..学习的内容要选择真实性任务;不能对其做过于简单化的处理;使其远离现实的问题情境..由于具体问题往往都同时与多个概念理论相关;所以;他们主张弱化学科界限;强调学科间的交叉..其次;这种教学的过程与现实的问题解决过程相类似;所需要的工具往往隐含于情境当中;教师并不是将提前已准备好的内容教给学生;而是在课堂上展示出与现实中专家解决问题相类似的探索过程甚至有人主张教师不要备课;提供解决问题的原型;并指导学生的探索..最后;情境性教学不需要独立于教学过程的测验;而是采用融合式测验;在学习中对具体问题的解决过程本身就反映了学习的效果;或者进行与学习过程一致的情境化的评估..由于真实性任务中学生了解自己所要解决的问题;有主人翁感..任务本身又是整体性的;具有挑战性;解决了问题就是奖励;因此容易激发起内部动机..它具有必要的复杂性;比起简化了的课堂环境更容易培养学生解决问题的能力..它的多样性可以培养学生的探索精神并且在完成任务中表达自己的知识..目前在这方面已有大量的研究;特别是利用多媒体的计算机辅助教学可以提供虚拟现实;达到完成真实性任务的目的..4.支架式教学：建构主义者在此基础上提出并强调支架式教学..教师引导着教学的进行;使学生掌握、建构和内化所学的知识技能;从而使他们进行更高水平的认知活动..简言之;是通过支架教师的帮助把管理学习的任务逐渐由教师转移给学生自己;最后撤去支架;这是以维果斯基的“辅助学习”为基础的;维果斯基认为;人的高级的心理机能;如对于注意的调节以及符号思维等;在最初往往受外在文化的调节;而后才逐渐内化为学习者头脑中的心理工具..在支架式教学中;教师作为文化的代表引导着教学;使学生掌握和内化那些能使其从事更高认知活动的技能;这种掌握和内化是与其年龄和认知水平相一致的;但是;一旦他获得了这些技能;便可以更多地对学习进行自我调节..支架式教学包括以下几个环节1预热：这是教学的开始阶段;将学生引入一定的问题情境;并提供可能获得的工具..2探索：首先由教师为学生确立目标;用以引发情境的各种可能性;让学生进行探索尝试;这时的目标可能是开放的;但教师会对探索的方向有很大影响..在此过程中教师可以给以启发引导;可以做演示;提供问题解决的原型;也可以给学生以反馈等;但要逐渐增加问题的探索性成分;逐步让位于学生自己去探索..3独立探索：这时;教师放手让学生自己决定自己探索的方向和问题;选择自己的方法;独立地进行探索..这时;不同的学生可能会探索不同的问题..可以看出;支架式教学与以前所谈的指导发现法相似;都强调在有教师指导的情况下的发现;但支架式教学则同时强调教师指导成分的逐渐减少;最终要使学生达到独立发现的地位;将监控学习和探索的责任由教师为主向学生为主转移..5.教学中的社会性相互作用：当今的建构主义者重视教学中教师与学生以及学生与学生之间的社会性相互作用;合作学习、交互式教学在建构主义的教学中广为采用..之所以如此;是与建构主义对学习的基本理解相一致的..他们认为;每个人都在以自己的经验为背景建构对事物的理解;因此只能理解到事物的不同方面;不存在对事物唯一正确的理解..教学要使学生超越自己的认识;看到那些与自己不同的理解;看到事物的另外的侧面..而通过合作和讨论;可以使他们相互了解彼此的见解;看到自己抓住了哪些;又漏掉了哪些..从而形成更加丰富的理解;以利于学习的广泛迁移..而且在小组讨论中;学生要不断反思自己的思考过程;对各种观念加以组织和改组;有利于学生建构能力的发展..合作学习与维果斯基对社会性交往的重视以及“最近发展区”的思想是一致的;学生在与比自己水平稍高的成员的交往中将潜在的发展区转化为现实的发展;并创造更大的发展的可能..。
网络教育应用基础作业
一、网络教育与传统的教育相比，有那些显著的特点? 请结合加以进一步的阐述。
答：网络教育的显著特点：1、网络是巨大的教育资源库，并且能够实现资源的共享。
2、网络集中的教育资源利用效率大大提高。
3、网络促进交流。
4、网络使得师生之间的交流有新的方式。
(Internet实现了教师和学生的自主交流，使学习向着完全个性化这一目标变得越来越现实)5、网络鼓励学生自主学习。
(网络教育使学生从灌输式学习到参与式学习，教学从以教师为中心到以学生为中心)6、学生可以在网络上相互讨论。
7、网络的发展，真正使家庭与学校的教育连为一体。
8、网络拓展了教学空间。
9、网路创造新的教学手段10、网络提供虚拟现实的功能帮助解决教学中的难题。
11、网络倡导个性化学习。
在信息化的社会中，信息决定着我们的生存已是不争的事实。
信息技术在教育领域的运用是导致教育领域彻底变革的决定性因素，它必将导致教学内容、手段、方法、模式以及教学思想、观念、理论，乃至体制的根本变革。
进入21世纪以后，多媒体网络技术（特别是基于INTERNET教育网络）在教育教学中的广泛应用，使以学生为中心的教育模式逐渐发展起来。
多媒体和网络技术提供界面友好、形象直观的交互式学习环境。
有利于激发学生的学习兴趣和协商会话、协作学习。
超文本、超级链接方式组织建构浩如烟海的知识库、信息库为研究性学习提供了研究、探索、实践的材料。
相关的计算机软件工具为研究性学习提供研究、探索、实践的辅助工具。
基于网络的教学支撑平台，特别是基于Web的协作学习平台，为研究性学习提供了交流、协作和项目（活动）管理工具。
与传统教育相比，网络教育有着独特的优势，主要表现在如下几个方面：1、良好的交互性。
网络教育最重要的一个特性是具有良好的交互性能。
在网上可以利用BBS、E-mail等网络工具向老师提问、与同学讨论问题，形成交互式学习。
网络教学不再是传统教育中的以教师为中心、以课堂为中心，而是以学生为中心。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1、什么是Active Directory？Active Directory的架构包含哪些内容？
答：(1)Active Directory：ActiveDirectory是目录服务，是面向Windows Standard Server、Windows Enterprise Server 以及Windows Datacenter Server 的目录服务。
Active Directory不能运行在Windows Web Server上，但是可以通过它对运行Windows Web Server的计算机进行管理）Active Directory存储了有关网络对象的信息，例如用户、组、计算机、共享资源、打印机和联系人等，并且让管理员和用户能够轻松地查找和使用这些信息。
(2)架构中包括了两种类型的定义：属性和分类。
属性和分类还可以被称作架构对象或元数据
2、用户账户有哪几种？如何创建用户账户
答：用户账户有以下几种：本地用户账户、域用户账户和内置用户账户
创建一个本地用户账户和域用户帐户具体看下面步骤：
①案例：创建一个本地用户账户，如用户名为wangnan。
具体步骤如下：
（1）打开“控制面板”，双击“管理工具”，在“管理工具”窗口中双击“计算机管理”图标，打开“计算机管理”窗口。
（2）单击“本地用户和组”前面的加号，展开“用户”图标，右击“用户”，在弹出的快捷菜单中单击“新用户”，打开“新用户”对话框，有“新用户”框中输入wangnan；在“全名”框中输入王楠；在“描述”框中输入账户的简单描述，如“网络教研室老师”以方便日后的管理工作；在“密码”和“确定密码”框中输入密码。
（3）单击“创建”按钮，在“计算机管理”窗口中就可以看到新创建的用户账户
②案例：在poef.fjnu.fdu域上创建一个域用户帐户，用户名为zhangwei。
（1）在“管理工具”窗口中选择“Active Directory用户和计算机”，打开“Active Directory用户和计算机”窗口。
（2）在窗口的左侧窗格中单击要建立帐户的域，右击该域中的User，在快捷菜单中选择“新建”→“用户”，打开“新建对象–用户”对话框，在该对话框中输入要创建的用户的登录名，登录名是用来在域中活动并访问资源的惟一凭证，也即账户名，登录名在域中必须惟一。
（3）单击“下一步”按钮，在对话框中输入密码（注意输入的密码是区分大小写的）。
选择“用户下次登录时须要改密码”复选框，则用户在下次用这个密码登录之后就需要更改这个密码。
（4）单击“下一步”按钮，在接着的对话框中单击“完成”按钮，结束添加域用户账户的操作。
3、域模式下的组的类型有哪些？
答：域模式中的组又称为域组，存储在域的Active Directory 中，在Active Directory中有两种类型的组：通讯组和安全组。
可以使用通讯组创建电子邮件通讯组列表，使用安全组给共享资源指派权限。
4、什么叫组策略？使用组策略的好处。
答：组策略是一组配置设置，组策略管理员应用于活动目录存储中的一个或多个对象。
组策略管理员利用组策略控制域中用户的工作环境。
组策略也可以控制在指定OU位置上的用户的工作环境。
另外，使用Active Directory站点和服务管理单元，组策略管理员可以在站点上设置组策略。
组策略优点
（1）保护用户环境。
作为安全要求较高的网络的管理员，可能希望为每台计算机创建一个锁定的工作环境。
通过为指定用户实现相应的组策略设置，并结合NTFS权限、强制用户配置文件和其他Windows Server 2003安全特性，可以阻止用户安装软件和访问非授权程序或数据。
还可以阻止用户删除对操作系统或应用程序功能有重要作用
（2）增强用户环境。
可以使用组策略通过下列操作来增强用户环境：自动安装应用程序到用户的“开始”菜单。
启动应用程序分发，方便用户在网络上找到并安装相应应用程序。
安装文件或快捷方式到网络上相应位置或用户计算机上的特定文件夹。
当用户登录或注销、计算机启动或关闭时自动执行任务或应用程序。
重定向文件夹到网络位置增强数据可靠性。