《卖花女》剧本全本 1st

《卖花女》剧本全本 1st
《卖花女》剧本全本 1st

Pygmalion

Act 1

Covent Garden at 11.15 p.m. Torrents of heavy summer rain. Cab whistles blowing frantically in all directions. Pedestrians running for shelter into the market and under

the portico of St. Paul's Church, where there are already several people. They are all peering out gloomily at the rain, except one man with his back turned to the rest, who seems wholly preoccupied with a notebook in which he is writing busily. The church clock strikes the first quarter.

A young man of twenty, in evening dress, opens his umbrella and dashes off onto the street to stop a passing taxi, but comes into collision with a flower girl, who is hurrying in for shelter, knocking her basket out of her hands. A blinding flash of lightning, followed instantly by a rattling peal of thunder, orchestrates the incident.]

THE FLOWER GIRL:

Nah then, look wh' y' gowin, deah.

The YOUNG MAN:

Sorry [he rushes off].

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[picking up her scattered flowers and replacing them in the basket] There's menners f' yer! Te-oo banches o voylets trod into the mad. [She sits down on the plinth of the column, sorting her flowers, on the right of an old lady. She is not at all an attractive person. She is perhaps eighteen, perhaps twenty, hardly older. She wears a little sailor hat of black straw that has long been exposed to the dust and soot of London and has seldom if ever been brushed. Her hair needs washing rather badly: its mousy color can hardly be natural. She wears a shoddy black coat that reaches nearly to her knees and is shaped to her waist. She has a brown skirt with a coarse apron. Her boots are much the worse for wear. She is no doubt as clean as she can afford to be;

but compared to the ladies she is very dirty. Her features are no worse than theirs;

but their condition leaves something to be desired; and she needs the services of a dentist].

[An elderly gentleman of the amiable military type rushes into shelter, and closes a dripping umbrella. He is in the same plight as Freddy, very wet about the ankles. He is in evening dress, with a light overcoat. He takes the place left vacant by the daughter's retirement.]

THE GENTLEMAN:

Phew!

The OLD LADY:

[to the gentleman] Oh, sir, is there any sign of its stopping?

THE GENTLEMAN:

I'm afraid not. It started worse than ever about two minutes ago. [He goes to the

plinth beside the flower girl; puts up his foot on it; and stoops to turn down his

trouser ends].

THE OLD LADY:

Oh, dear! [She retires sadly].

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[taking advantage of the military gentleman's proximity to establish friendly relations with him]. If it's worse it's a sign it's nearly over. So cheer up, Captain; and buy a

flower off a poor girl.

THE GENTLEMAN:

I'm sorry, I haven't any change.

THE FLOWER GIRL:

I can give you change, Captain,

THE GENTLEMAN:

For a sovereign? I've nothing less.

THE FLOWER GIRL:

Garn! Oh do buy a flower off me, Captain. I can change half-a-crown. Take this for

tuppence.

THE GENTLEMAN:

Now don't be troublesome: there's a good girl. [Trying his pockets] I really haven't

any change—Stop: here's three hapence, if that's any use to you [he retreats to the

other pillar].

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[disappointed, but thinking three halfpence better than nothing] Thank you, sir.

THE BYSTANDER A [a vigilant, eccentric middle-aged man in a long raining jacket]: [to the girl] You be careful: give him a flower for it. There's a man here behind

taking down every word you're saying. [All turn to the man who is taking notes]. THE FLOWER GIRL:

[springing up terrified] I ain't done nothing wrong by speaking to the gentleman. I've

a right to sell flowers if I keep off the kerb. [Hysterically]I'm a respectable girl: so

help me, I never spoke to him except to ask him to buy a flower off me. [General hubbub, mostly sympathetic to the flower girl, but deprecating her excessive sensibility. Cries of Don't start hollerin. Who's hurting you? Nobody's going to touch you. What's the good of fussing? Steady on. Easy, easy, etc., come from the elderly staid spectators, who pat her comfortingly. Less patient ones bid her shut her head, or ask her roughly what is wrong with her. A remoter group, not knowing what the matter is, crowd in and increase the noise with question and answer: What's the row?

What she do? Where is he? A tec taking her down. What! him? Yes: him over there: Took money off the gentleman, etc. The flower girl, distraught and mobbed, breaks through them to the gentleman, crying mildly] Oh, sir, don't let him charge me. You

dunno what it means to me. They'll take away my character and drive me on the streets for speaking to gentlemen. They—

THE NOTE TAKER:

[coming forward on her right, the rest crowding after him] There, there, there, there!

Who's hurting you, you silly girl? What do you take me for?

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[still hysterical] I take my Bible oath I never said a word—

THE NOTE TAKER:

[overbearing but good-humored] Oh, shut up, shut up. Do I look like a policeman? THE FLOWER GIRL:

[far from reassured] Then what did you take down my words for? How do I know

whether you took me down right? You just show me what you've wrote about

me. [The note taker opens his book and holds it steadily under her nose, though the

pressure of the mob trying to read it over his shoulders would upset a weaker

man]. What's that? That ain't proper writing. I can't read that.

THE NOTE TAKER:

I can. [Reads, reproducing her pronunciation exactly]“Cheer ap, Keptin; n' haw ya

flahr orf a pore gel.”

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[much distressed] It's because I called him Captain. I meant no harm.[To the

gentleman] Oh, sir, don't let him lay a charge agen me for a word like that. You—THE GENTLEMAN:

Charge! I make no charge. [To the note taker] Really, sir, if you are a detective, you

need not begin protecting me until I ask you. Anybody could see that the girl meant

no harm.

THE BYSTANDERS GENERALLY:

[demonstrating against police espionage] Course they could. What business is it of

yours? You mind your own affairs. Girl never said a word to him. What harm if she

did? Nice thing a girl can't shelter from the rain without being insulted, etc., etc.,

etc. [She is conducted by the more sympathetic demonstrators back to her plinth,

where she resumes her seat and struggles with her emotion].

THE BYSTANDER B:

He ain't a tec. He's a blooming busybody: that's what he is. I tell you, look at his boots. THE NOTE TAKER:

[turning on him genially] And how are all your people down at Selsey?

THE BYSTANDER B:

[suspiciously] Who told you my people come from Selsey?

THE NOTE TAKER:

Never you mind. They did. [To the girl] How do you come to be up so far east? You

were born in Lisson Grove.

[appalled] Oh, what harm is there in my leaving Lisson Grove? It wasn't fit for a pig

to live in; and I had to pay four-and-six a week. [In tears] Oh, boo—hoo—oo—

THE NOTE TAKER:

Live where you like; but stop that noise.

THE GENTLEMAN:

[to the girl] Come, come! he can't touch you: you have a right to live where you

please.

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[subsiding into a brooding melancholy over her basket, and talking very low-

spiritedly to herself] I'm a good girl, I am.

THE BYSTANDER B:

[not attending to her] Do you know where this gentleman comes from?

THE NOTE TAKER:

Cheltenham, Harrow, Cambridge, and India.

[Titterings. Popular interest in the note taker's performance increases.]

THE GENTLEMAN:

Quite right. [Great laughter. Reaction in the note taker's favor. Exclamations of He

knows all about it. Told him proper. Hear him tell thetoff where he come

from? etc.]. May I ask, sir, do you do this for your living at a music hall?

THE NOTE TAKER:

I've thought of that. Perhaps I shall some day.

[The rain has stopped; and the persons on the outside of the crowd begin to drop off.]

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[resenting the reaction] He's no gentleman, he ain't, to interfere with a poor girl. [still preoccupied with her wounded feelings] He's no right to take away my character. My character is the same to me as any lady's.

THE NOTE TAKER:

I don't know whether you've noticed it; but the rain stopped about two minutes ago. THE BYSTANDER B:

So it has. Why didn't you say so before? and us losing our time listening to your

silliness. [He walks off. With some grumbles, other bystanders also walk off the stage

separately].

THE FLOWER GIRL:

Poor girl! Hard enough for her to live without being worrited and chivied.

THE GENTLEMAN:

[returning to his former place on the note taker's left] How do you do it, if I may ask?

Simply phonetics. The science of speech. That's my profession; also my hobby.

Happy is the man who can make a living by his hobby! I can place any man within

six miles. I can place him within two miles in London. Sometimes within two streets. THE FLOWER GIRL:

Ought to be ashamed of himself, unmanly coward!

THE GENTLEMAN:

But is there a living in that?

THE NOTE TAKER:

Oh yes. Quite a fat one. This is an age of upstarts. Men begin in Kentish Town with

80 pounds a year, and end in Park Lane with a hundred thousand. They want to drop

Kentish Town; but they give themselves away every time they open their mouths.

Now I can teach them—

THE FLOWER GIRL:

Let him mind his own business and leave a poor girl—

THE NOTE TAKER:

[explosively] Woman: cease this horrible boohooing instantly; or else seek the shelter of some other place.

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[with feeble defiance] I've a right to be here if I like, same as you.

THE NOTE TAKER:

A woman who utters such depressing and disgusting sounds has no right to be

anywhere—no right to live. Remember that you are a human being with a soul and

the divine gift of articulate speech: that your native language is the language of

Shakespear and Milton and The Bible; and don't sit there crooning like a pigeon. THE FLOWER GIRL:

[quite overwhelmed, and looking up at him in mingled wonder and deprecation

without daring to raise her head] Ah—ah— ah—ow—ow—oo!

THE NOTE TAKER:

[whipping out his book] Heavens! what a sound! [He writes; then holds out the book and reads, reproducing her vowels exactly] Ah—ah—ah—ow—ow—ow—oo! THE FLOWER GIRL:

[tickled by the performance, and laughing in spite of herself] Garn!

THE NOTE TAKER:

You see this creature with her gutter English: the English that will keep her in the

gutter to the end of her days. Well, sir, in three months I could pass that girl off as a

duchess at an ambassador's garden party. I could even get her a place as lady's maid

or shop assistant, which requires better English. [The flower girl listens attentively

and was shocked by his remarks. She repeats with noticeable curiosity, “duchess”?

“lady’s maid”?“shop assistant”? ]

I am myself a student of Indian dialects; and—

THE NOTE TAKER:

[eagerly] Are you? Do you know Colonel Pickering, the author of Spoken Indian

Dialects?

THE GENTLEMAN:

I am Colonel Pickering. Who are you?

THE NOTE TAKER:

Henry Higgins, author of Higgins's Universal Alphabet.

PICKERING:

[with enthusiasm] I came from India to meet you.

HIGGINS:

I was going to India to meet you.

PICKERING:

Where do you live?

HIGGINS:

27A Wimpole Street. Come and see me tomorrow.

PICKERING:

I'm at the Carlton Hotel. Come with me now and let's have a talk over some supper. HIGGINS:

Right you are.

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[to Pickering, as he passes her] Buy a flower, kind gentleman.

PICKERING:

I really haven't any change. I'm sorry [he goes away].

HIGGINS:

[shocked at girl's mendacity] Liar. You said you could change half-a-crown.

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[rising in desperation] You ought to be stuffed with nails, you ought.[Flinging the

basket at his feet] Take the whole blooming basket for sixpence.

[The church clock strikes the second quarter.]

HIGGINS:

[hearing in it the voice of God, rebuking him for his Pharisaic want of charity to the

poor girl] A reminder. [He raises his hat solemnly; then throws a handful of money

into the basket and follows Pickering].

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[picking up a half-crown] Ah—ow—ooh! [Picking up a couple of florins]Aaah—ow—ooh! [Picking up several coins] Aaaaaah—ow—ooh![Picking up a half-sovereign] Aaaaaaaaaaaah— ow—ooh!!! [With ecstasy, the Flower Girl runs off the stage. End of Act 1 ]

Act 2

[Next day at 11 a.m. Higgins's laboratory in Wimpole Street. The middle of the room is clear. Besides the easy chair, the piano bench, and two chairs at the phonograph table, there is one stray chair. It stands near the fireplace. Pickering is seated at the table, putting down some cards and a tuning-fork which he has been using. Higgins is standing up near him, closing two or three file drawers that are hanging out. He appears in the morning light as a robust, vital, appetizing sort of man of forty or thereabouts, dressed in a professional-looking black frock-coat with a white linen collar and black silk tie. He is of the energetic, scientific type, heartily, even violently interested in everything that can be studied as a scientific subject, and careless about himself and other people, including their feelings. He is, in fact, but for his years and size, rather like a very impetuous baby “taking notice”eagerly and loudly, and requiring almost as much watching to keep him out of unintended mischief. His manner varies from genial bullying when he is in a good humor to stormy petulance when anything goes wrong; but he is so entirely frank and void of malice that he remains likeable even in his least reasonable moments.]

HIGGINS:

[as he shuts the last drawer] Well, I think that's the whole show.

PICKERING:

It's really amazing. I haven't taken half of it in, you know.

HIGGINS:

Would you like to go over any of it again?

PICKERING:

[rising and coming to the fireplace, where he plants himself with his back to the

fire] No, thank you; not now. I'm quite done up for this morning.

HIGGINS:

[Mrs. Pearce looks in: she is Higgins's housekeeper] What's the matter?

MRS. PEARCE:

[hesitating, evidently perplexed] A young woman wants to see you, sir. HIGGINS:

A young woman! What does she want?

MRS. PEARCE:

Well, sir, she says you'll be glad to see her when you know what she's come about.

She's quite a common girl, sir. Very common indeed. I should have sent her away,

only I thought perhaps you wanted her to talk into your machines. I hope I've not

done wrong; but really you see such queer people sometimes—you'll excuse me, I'm

sure, sir—

HIGGINS:

Oh, that's all right, Mrs. Pearce. Has she an interesting accent?

MRS. PEARCE:

Oh, something dreadful, sir, really. I don't know how you can take an interest in it.

HIGGINS:

[to Pickering] Let's have her up. Show her up, Mrs. Pearce [he rushes across to his

working table and picks out a cylinder to use on thephonograph].

MRS. PEARCE:

[only half resigned to it] Very well, sir. It's for you to say. [She goes downstairs]. HIGGINS:

This is rather a bit of luck. I'll show you how I make records. We'll set her talking;

and I'll take it down --

MRS. PEARCE:

[returning] This is the young woman, sir.

[The flower girl enters in state. She has a hat with three ostrich feathers, orange, sky-blue, and red. She has a nearly clean apron, and the shoddy coat has been tidied a little. The pathos of this deplorable figure, with its innocent vanity and consequential air, touches Pickering, who has already straightened himself in the presence of Mrs. Pearce. But as to Higgins, the only distinction he makes between men and women is that when he is neither bullying nor exclaiming to the heavens against some featherweight cross, he coaxes women as a child coaxes its nurse when it wants to get anything out of her.]

HIGGINS:

[brusquely, recognizing her with unconcealed disappointment, and at once, babylike, making an intolerable grievance of it] Why, this is the girl I jotted down last night.

She's no use: I've got all the records I want of the Lisson Grove lingo; and I'm not

going to waste another cylinder on it.[To the girl] Be off with you: I don't want you. THE FLOWER GIRL:

Don't you be so saucy. You ain't heard what I come for yet. [To Mrs. Pearce, who is

waiting at the door for further instruction] Did you tell him I come in a taxi? MRS. PEARCE:

Nonsense, girl! what do you think a gentleman like Mr. Higgins cares what you came in?

THE FLOWER GIRL:

Oh, we are proud! He ain't above giving lessons, not him: I heard him say so. Well, I

ain't come here to ask for any compliment; and if my money's not good enough I can

go elsewhere.

HIGGINS:

Good enough for what?

THE FLOWER GIRL:

Good enough for ye—oo. Now you know, don't you? I'm come to have lessons, I am.

And to pay for em too: make no mistake.

HIGGINS:

[stupent] WELL!!! [Recovering his breath with a gasp] What do you expect me to

say to you?

THE FLOWER GIRL:

Well, if you was a gentleman, you might ask me to sit down, I think. Don't I tell you I'm bringing you business?

HIGGINS:

Pickering: shall we ask this baggage to sit down or shall we throw her out of the

window?

THE FLOWER GIRL:

[running away in terror to the piano, where she turns at bay] Ah—ah—ah—ow—

ow—ow—oo! [Wounded and whimpering] I won't be called a baggage when I've

offered to pay like any lady.

[Motionless, the two men stare at her from the other side of the room, amazed.] PICKERING:

[gently] What is it you want, my girl?

THE FLOWER GIRL:

I want to be a lady in a flower shop stead of selling at the corner of Tottenham Court

Road. But they won't take me unless I can talk more genteel. He said he could teach

me. Well, here I am ready to pay him—not asking any favor—and he treats me as if I was dirt.

MRS. PEARCE:

How can you be such a foolish ignorant girl as to think you could afford to pay Mr.

Higgins?

THE FLOWER GIRL:

Why shouldn't I? I know what lessons cost as well as you do; and I'm ready to pay. HIGGINS:

What's your name?

THE FLOWER GIRL:

Liza Doolittle.

HIGGINS:

[declaiming gravely] Eliza, Elizabeth, Betsy and Bess,

They went to the woods to get a birds nes':

PICKERING:

They found a nest with four eggs in it:

HIGGINS:

They took one apiece, and left three in it.

[They laugh heartily at their own wit.]

LIZA:

Oh, don't be silly.

MRS. PEARCE:

You mustn't speak to the gentleman like that.

LIZA:

Well, why won't he speak sensible to me?

HIGGINS:

Come back to business. How much do you propose to pay me for the lessons? LIZA:

Oh, I know what's right. A lady friend of mine gets French lessons for eighteenpence

an hour from a real French gentleman. Well, you wouldn't have the face to ask me the same for teaching me my own language as you would for French; so I won't give

more than a shilling. Take it or leave it.

HIGGINS:

[walking up and down the room, rattling his keys and his cash in his pockets] You

know, Pickering, if you consider a shilling, not as a simple shilling, but as a

percentage of this girl's income, it works out as fully equivalent to sixty or

seventy guineas from a millionaire.

PICKERING:

How so?

HIGGINS:

Figure it out. A millionaire has about 150 pounds a day. She earns abouthalf-a-crown. LIZA:

[haughtily] Who told you I only—

HIGGINS:

[continuing] She offers me two-fifths of her day's income for a lesson. Two-fifths of

a millionaire's income for a day would be somewhere about 60 pounds. It's handsome.

By George, it's enormous! it's the biggest offer I ever had.

LIZA:

[rising, terrified] Sixty pounds! What are you talking about? I never offered you sixty pounds. Where would I get—

HIGGINS:

Hold your tongue.

LIZA:

[weeping] But I ain't got sixty pounds. Oh—

MRS. PEARCE:

Don't cry, you silly girl. Sit down. Nobody is going to touch your money. HIGGINS:

Somebody is going to touch you, with a broomstick, if you don't stop snivelling. Sit

down.

PICKERING:

Higgins: I'm interested. What about the ambassador's garden party? I'll say you're the

greatest teacher alive if you make that good. I'll bet you all the expenses of the

experiment you can't do it. And I'll pay for the lessons.

HIGGINS:

[carried away] Yes: in six months—in three if she has a good ear and a quick

tongue—I'll take her anywhere and pass her off as anything. We'll start today: now!

this moment! Take her away and clean her, Mrs. Pearce. Monkey Brand, if it won't

come off any other way. Is there a good fire in the kitchen?

MRS. PEARCE:

[protesting]. Yes; but—

HIGGINS:

[storming on] Take all her clothes off and burn them. Ring up Whiteley or somebody for new ones. Wrap her up in brown paper till they come.

LIZA:

You're no gentleman, you're not, to talk of such things. I'm a good girl, I am; and I

know what the like of you are, I do.

MRS. PEARCE:

But I've no place to put her.

HIGGINS:

Put her in the dustbin.

LIZA:

Ah—ah—ah—ow—ow—oo!

MRS. PEARCE [dragging Eliza off with Eliza struggling a while]: Good girl! Don’t be frightened. We won’t hurt you for sure. [Mrs. Pearce and Eliza exit!]

PICKERING:

Oh come, Higgins! be reasonable. Although I am interested in this experiment, all I propose is that we should be kind to this poor girl. We need to help her to prepare and fit herself for her new station in life. We can't take a girl up like that as if we were picking up a pebble on the beach. [He continues with hesitation less he should hurt Higgins’s feelings.] Excuse the straight question, Higgins. Are you a man of good character where women are concerned? HIGGINS:

[moodily] Have you ever met a man of good character where women are concerned? PICKERING:

Yes: very frequently.

HIGGINS:

[dogmatically, lifting himself on his hands to the level of the piano, and sitting on it

with a bounce] Well, I haven't. I find that the moment I let a woman make friends

with me, she becomes jealous, exacting, suspicious, and a damned nuisance. I find

that the moment I let myself make friends with a woman, I become selfish and

tyrannical. Women upset everything.

[Mrs. Pearce returns.]

MRS. PEARCE:

If you please, sir, the trouble's beginning already. There's a dustman downstairs,

Alfred Doolittle, wants to see you. He says you have his daughter here. PICKERING:

[rising] Phew! I say! [He retreats to the hearthrug].

HIGGINS:

[promptly] Send the rascal up.

MRS. PEARCE [embarrassed]:

Oh, very well, sir. [She goes out].

PICKERING:

He may not be a rascal, Higgins.

HIGGINS:

Nonsense. Of course he's a rascal.

PICKERING:

Whether he is or not, I'm afraid we shall have some trouble with him.

MRS. PEARCE:

[at the door] Doolittle, sir. [She admits Doolittle and retires].

[Alfred Doolittle is an elderly but vigorous dustman, clad in the costume of his profession, including a hat with a back brim covering his neck and shoulders. He has well marked and rather interesting features, and seems equally free from fear and conscience. He has a remarkably expressive voice, the result of a habit of giving vent to his feelings without reserve. His present pose is that of wounded honor and stern resolution.]

DOOLITTLE:

[at the door, uncertain which of the two gentlemen is his man] Professor Higgins? HIGGINS:

Here. Good morning. Sit down.

DOOLITTLE:

Morning, Governor. [He sits down magisterially] I come about a very serious matter, Governor.

HIGGINS:

[to Pickering] Brought up in Hounslow. Mother Welsh, I should think.[Doolittle

opens his mouth, amazed. Higgins continues] What do you want, Doolittle? DOOLITTLE:

[menacingly] I want my daughter: that's what I want. See?

HIGGINS:

Of course you do. You're her father, aren't you? You don't suppose anyone else wants her, do you? I'm glad to see you have some spark of family feeling left. She's upstairs.

Take her away at once.

DOOLITTLE:

[rising, fearfully taken aback] What!

HIGGINS:

Take her away. Do you suppose I'm going to keep your daughter for you? DOOLITTLE:

[remonstrating] Now, now, look here, Governor. Is this reasonable? Is it fairity to

take advantage of a man like this? The girl belongs to me. You got her. Where do I

come in? [He sits down again].

HIGGINS:

Your daughter had come to my house and ask me to teach her how to speak properly

so that she could get a place in a flower-shop. This gentleman and my housekeeper

have been here all the time. [Bullying him] How dare you come here and attempt to

blackmail me? You sent her here on purpose.

DOOLITTLE:

[protesting] No, Governor.

HIGGINS:

You must have. How else could you possibly know that she is here? DOOLITTLE:

[“most musical, most melancholy”] I'll tell you, Governor, if you'll only let me get a

word in. I'm willing to tell you. I'm wanting to tell you. I'm waiting to tell you IGGINS:

Pickering: this chap has a certain natural gift of lecturing.

DOOLITTLE:

It was like this, Governor. The girl sent a boy back for her luggage when she heard

you was willing for her to stop here. I met the boy and knew where she was. HIGGINS:

So you came to rescue her from worse than death, eh?

DOOLITTLE:

[appreciatively: relieved at being understood] Just so, Governor. That's right. PICKERING:

But why did you bring her luggage if you intended to take her away? DOOLITTLE:

Have I said a word about taking her away? Have I now? [rising] No, Governor. Don't say that. I'm not the man to stand in my girl's light. Here's a career opening for her, as you might say; and—

HIGGINS:

Mrs. Pearce: this is Eliza's father. He has come to take her away. Give her to

him. [He goes back to the piano, with an air of washing his hands of the whole affair]. DOOLITTLE:

[To Higgins, who takes refuge on the piano bench, a little overwhelmed by the proximity of his visitor; for Doolittle has a professional flavor of dust about him].No.

This is a misunderstanding. Listen here— Regarded in the light of a young woman, she's a fine handsome girl. All I ask is my rights as a father; and you're the last man alive to expect me to let her go for nothing; for I can see you're one of the straight sort, Governor. Well, what's a five pound note to you? And what's Eliza to me? [He returns to his chair and sits down judicially].

PICKERING:

I think you ought to know, Doolittle, that Mr. Higgins's intentions are entirely

honorable.

DOOLITTLE:

Course they are, Governor. If I thought they wasn't, I'd ask fifty.

HIGGINS:

[revolted] Do you mean to say, you callous rascal, that you would sell your daughter for £50?

DOOLITTLE:

Don't say that, Governor. Don't look at it that way. What am I, Governors both? I ask you, what am I? I'm one of the undeserving poor: that's what I am.

HIGGINS:

Pickering: if we listen to this man another minute, we shall have no convictions

left. [To Doolittle] Five pounds I think you said.

DOOLITTLE:

Thank you kindly, Governor.

HIGGINS:

You're sure you won't take ten?

DOOLITTLE:

Not now. Another time, Governor.

HIGGINS:

[handing him a five-pound note] Here you are.

DOOLITTLE:

Thank you, Governor. Good morning. [He hurries to the door, anxious to get away

with his booty. When he opens it he is confronted with a daintyand exquisitely clean

young Japanese lady in a simple blue cotton kimono printed cunningly with small

white jasmine blossoms. Mrs. Pearce is with her. He gets out of her way deferentially and apologizes].Beg pardon, miss.

THE JAPANESE LADY:

Garn! Don't you know your own daughter?

DOOLITTLE:

Bly me! it's Eliza!

HIGGINS:

What's that! This!

PICKERING:

By Jove!

exclaiming simultaneously

LIZA:

Don't I look silly?

HIGGINS:

[Infatuated]Silly? [resuming his self-control and arrogance] Yes, damned silly!

LIZA:

I should look all right with my hat on. [She takes up her hat; puts it on; and walks

across the room to the fireplace with a fashionable air].

HIGGINS:

A new fashion, by George! And it ought to look horrible!

DOOLITTLE:

[with fatherly pride] Well, I never thought she'd clean up as good looking as that,

Governor. She's a credit to me, ain't she?

LIZA:

I tell you, it's easy to clean up here. Hot and cold water on tap, just as much as you

like, there is. Woolly towels, there is; and a towel horse so hot, it burns your fingers.

Soft brushes to scrub yourself, and a wooden bowl of soap smelling like primroses.

Now I know why ladies is so clean. Washing's a treat for them. Wish they saw what it is for the like of me!

HIGGINS:

I'm glad the bath-room met with your approval.

LIZA:

[turn to her father]I know why you’re here father. All you come here for was to

touch for some money. I am ashamed of you, father!

HIGGINS:

Have you any further advice to give her before you go, Doolittle? Your blessing, for

instance.

DOOLITTLE:

No, Governor: I cant bear to have such an ungrateful child. So long, gentlemen. [He turns to go].

MRS. PEARCE:

[coming back] Now, Eliza. The new things have come for you to try on.

LIZA: Ah—ow—oo—ooh! [She rushes out].

MRS. PEARCE:

[following her] Oh, don't rush about like that, girl [She shuts the door behind her]. HIGGINS:

Pickering: we have taken on a stiff job.

PICKERING:

[with conviction] Higgins: we have.

HIGGINS:

[with eagerness and urgency]We’d better start as soon as possible!

Chorus: “Poor Professor Higgins”+ “The Rain in Spain”

Act 3

[It is Mrs. Higgins's at-home day. Nobody has yet arrived. Her drawing room has three windows looking on the river; and the ceiling is not so lofty as it would be in an older house of the same pretension. The windows are open, giving access to a balcony with flowers in pots. If you stand with your face to the windows, you have the fireplace on your left and the door in the right-hand wall close to the corner nearest the windows.

In the middle of the room there is a big ottoman(长软椅). A few good oil-paintings are on the walls.In the corner diagonally opposite the door Mrs. Higgins, now over sixty and long past taking the trouble to dress out of the fashion, sits writing at an elegantly simple writing-table with a bell button within reach of her hand. There is a Chippendale chair further back in the room between her and the window nearest her side. At the other side of the room, further forward, is an Elizabethan chair roughly carved in the taste of Inigo Jones. On the same side a piano in a decorated case.

It is between four and five in the afternoon.

The door is opened violently; and Higgins enters with his hat on.]

MRS. HIGGINS:

[dismayed] Henry [scolding him]! What are you doing here to-day? It is my at-home

day: you promised not to come. [As he bends to kiss her, she takes his hat off, and

presents it to him].

HIGGINS:

Oh bother! [He throws the hat down on the table].

MRS. HIGGINS:

Go home at once.

HIGGINS:

[kissing her] I know, mother. I came on purpose.

MRS. HIGGINS:

But you mustn't. I'm serious, Henry. You offend all my friends: they stop coming

whenever they meet you.

HIGGINS:

MRS. HIGGINS:

Oh! don't they? Small talk indeed! What about your large talk? Really, dear, you

mustn't stay.

HIGGINS:

I must. I've a job for you. A phonetic job.

MRS. HIGGINS:

No use, dear. I'm sorry; but I can't get round your vowels—

HIGGINS:

Well, this isn't a phonetic job.

MRS. HIGGINS:

You said it was.

HIGGINS:

Not your part of it. I've picked up a girl.

MRS. HIGGINS:

Does that mean that some girl has picked you up?

HIGGINS:

Not at all. I don't mean a love affair.

MRS. HIGGINS:

What a pity!

HIGGINS:

Why?

MRS. HIGGINS:

Well, you never fall in love with anyone under forty-five. When will you discover

that there are some rather nice-looking young women about?

HIGGINS:

Oh, I can't be bothered with young women. My idea of a loveable woman is

something as like you as possible. I shall never get into the way of seriously liking

young women: some habits lie too deep to be changed. [Rising abruptly and walking

about, jingling his money and his keys in his trouser pockets] Besides, they're all

idiots.

MRS. HIGGINS:

Do you know what you would do if you really loved me, Henry?

HIGGINS:

Oh bother! What? Marry, I suppose?

MRS. HIGGINS:

No. Stop fidgeting and take your hands out of your pockets. [With a gesture of

despair, he obeys and sits down again]. That's a good boy. Now tell me about the girl. HIGGINS:

Well, this isn't a phonetic job.

MRS. HIGGINS:

You said it was.

HIGGINS:

Not your part of it. I've picked up a girl.

MRS. HIGGINS:

Does that mean that some girl has picked you up?

HIGGINS:

Not at all. I don't mean a love affair.

What a pity!

HIGGINS:

Why?

MRS. HIGGINS:

Well, you never fall in love with anyone under forty-five. When will you discover

that there are some rather nice-looking young women about?

HIGGINS:

Oh, I can't be bothered with young women. My idea of a loveable woman is

something as like you as possible. I shall never get into the way of seriously liking

young women: some habits lie too deep to be changed. [Rising abruptly and walking

about, jingling his money and his keys in his trouser pockets] Besides, they're all

idiots.

MRS. HIGGINS:

Do you know what you would do if you really loved me, Henry?

HIGGINS:

Oh bother! What? Marry, I suppose?

MRS. HIGGINS:

No. Stop fidgeting and take your hands out of your pockets. [With a gesture of

despair, he obeys and sits down again]. That's a good boy. Now tell me about the girl. HIGGINS:

She's coming to see you.

MRS. HIGGINS:

I don't remember asking her.

HIGGINS:

You didn't. I asked her. If you'd known her you wouldn't have asked her.

MRS. HIGGINS:

Indeed! Why?

HIGGINS:

Well, it's like this. She's a common flower girl. I picked her off the street!

MRS. HIGGINS:

And invited her to my at-home!

HIGGINS:

[rising and coming to her to coax her] Oh, that'll be all right. I've taught her to speak

properly; and she has strict orders as to her behavior. She's to keep to two subjects:

the weather and everybody's health—Fine day and How do you do, you know—and

not to let herself go on things in general. That will be safe.

Safe! To talk about our health! How could you be so silly, Henry?

HIGGINS:

[Impatiently] Well, she must talk about something. [He controls himself and sits

down again]. Oh, she'll be all right: don't you fuss. Pickering is in it with me. I've a

sort of bet on that I'll pass her off as a duchess in six months. I started on her some

months ago; and she's getting on like a house on fire. I shall win my bet. She talks

English almost as you talk French.

MRS. HIGGINS:

That's satisfactory, at all events.

HIGGINS:

Well, it is and it isn't.

MRS. HIGGINS:

What does that mean?

HIGGINS:

You see, I've got her pronunciation all right; but you have to consider not only how a girl pronounces, but what she pronounces; and that's where—

[They are interrupted by the parlor-maid, announcing guests.]

THE PARLOR-MAID:

Mrs. and Miss Eynsford Hill. [She withdraws].

HIGGINS:

Oh Lord! [He rises; snatches his hat from the table; and makes for the door; but

before he reaches it his mother introduces him].

[Mrs. Eynsford is well bred, quiet, and has the habitual anxiety of straitened means. The daughter has acquired a gay air of being very much at home in society: the bravado of genteel poverty.]

MRS. EYNSFORD HILL:

[to Mrs. Higgins] How do you do? [They shake hands].

MISS EYNSFORD HILL:

How d'you do? [She shakes].

MRS. HIGGINS:

[introducing] My son Henry.

MRS. EYNSFORD HILL:

Your celebrated son! I have so longed to meet you, Professor Higgins. HIGGINS:

[glumly, making no movement in her direction] Delighted. [He backs against the

piano and bows brusquely].

MISS EYNSFORD HILL:

[going to him with confident familiarity] How do you do?

HIGGINS:

[Drearily] You'd better sit down.

MRS. HIGGINS:

I'm sorry to say that my celebrated son has no manners. You mustn't mind him. MISS EYNSFORD HILL:

[gaily] I don't. [She sits in the Elizabethan chair].

MRS. EYNSFORD HILL:

[a little bewildered] Not at all. [She sits on the ottoman between her daughter and

Mrs. Higgins, who has turned her chair away from the writing-table]. HIGGINS:

Oh, have I been rude? I didn't mean to be.

[He goes to the central window, through which, with his back to the company. The parlor-maid returns, ushering in Pickering.]

THE PARLOR-MAID:

Colonel Pickering [She withdraws].

PICKERING:

How do you do, Mrs. Higgins?

MRS. HIGGINS:

So glad you've come. Do you know Mrs. Eynsford Hill— Miss Eynsford

Hill? [Exchange of bows. The Colonel brings the Chippendale chair a little forward between Mrs. Hill and Mrs. Higgins, and sits down].

PICKERING:

Has Henry told you what we've come for?

HIGGINS:

[over his shoulder] We were interrupted: damn it!

MRS. HIGGINS:

Oh Henry, Henry, really!

MRS. EYNSFORD HILL:

[half rising] Are we in the way?

MRS. HIGGINS:

[rising and making her sit down again] No, no. You couldn't have come more

fortunately: we want you to meet a friend of ours.

HIGGINS:

[turning hopefully] Yes, by George! We want two or three people. You'll do as well as anybody else.

[The parlor-maid returns, ushering Freddy.]

THE PARLOR-MAID:

Mr. Eynsford Hill.

HIGGINS:

[almost audibly, past endurance] God of Heaven! Another of them.

FREDDY:

[shaking hands with Mrs. Higgins] Ahdedo?

MRS. HIGGINS:

周星驰电影语录

周星驰电影语录 导读:经典语录周星驰电影语录 1、三十多年前,我上中学的时候,我真的时时刻刻都会想着她,有时候撒尿都会突然间停一下,然后想起她,心里甜甜的,跟着那半泡尿就忘了尿了。 2、对不起,我是卧底。 3、你先走吧,我等我的腿没那么颤抖,心跳没那么乱的时候,我再走好了。 4、我就是风魔万千少女,改进社会风气,刺激电影市道,提高青少年人内涵,玉树临风,风度翩翩的整蛊专家,我的名叫古晶,英文名叫JingKoo。 5、子弹射入了我的大腿骨,压住了我的大动脉,挡住我的三叉神经,现在我左边脑部缺氧麻痹,右半身开始瘫痪,一定要用刀割开伤口把子弹取出来。 6、斩过鸡头,烧过黄纸,歃血为盟之后,韦小宝你就是我天地会的兄弟,暂时编入青木堂。我们有十大会规,二十大守则,三十大

戒条,八十小戒条,如果犯了其中一条的话,就算你是我的徒弟,也要身受九九八十一刀而死。 7、人来啊,落闸,放狗! 8、区区一陀屎值的了几个钱,何必大惊小怪。 9、善有善因,恶有恶报,天理循环,天公地道,我曾误抓龙鸡,今日皇上抓我,实在抓得有教育意义,我对皇上的景仰之心,有如滔滔江水绵绵不绝,又有如黄河泛滥,一发不可收拾。 10、不过这样,我是一个感情很复杂的人,一个感情很复杂的人如果只爱你一个人的话,就会变得感情有缺陷,一个感情有缺陷的人,你就算永远地拥有他,也是没用的。 11、意不意外?高不高兴?开不开心? 12、你生儿子没屁眼,老爸卖屁眼,你自己烂屁眼,爱吃鸡屁眼。大屁股,你自己没生意,还跑来闹我? 13、别以为你长得帅我就不打你。

14、实在令人太失望。听到你的声音,我还以为你是一个很有感性,很有电影幻想的人。看你这一身造型,就知道你太没有内涵了。 15、公公,你尿尿是站着尿还是蹲着尿? 16、找个地方坐下来,饮杯茶,吃个包子,慢慢谈。 17、我就是美貌与智慧并重,英雄与侠义的化身——唐伯虎。 18、错!这并不是个普通的箱子,它是箱中之神,简称箱神! 19、你可以说我是跑龙套的,但是你不可以说我是“臭跑龙套”的! 20、打人都没力气,还说是黑社会? 21、小姐,不可否认我长得很丑,可是我很温柔,而且永远不会说谎。 22、刚出炉的孝子大拍卖了! 23、我这么年轻就已经达到人生最高的境界,接着下来,除了结

卖花女读后感

卖花女读后感 本文是关于读后感的,仅供参考,如果觉得很不错,欢迎点评和分享。 卖花女读后感(一) 三毛是我在中学时代就非常喜爱的一位作家,她的《闹学记》《稻草人手记》等作品相信有不少人也拜读过。但在我记忆中印象最深的莫过于《卖花女》这篇文章。 这篇文章为我们塑造了一位以骗为生的非洲卖花老妇的形象。虽然是上当受骗,可在三毛的笔下,那妇人却也并不十分可恨。轻松、幽默的文笔,把个老奸巨猾的卖花女写得是伶牙俐齿,左右逢源。倒是三毛本人十分值得同情,一家人不停地在为善良买单,最后竟落得望风而逃的下场。 看着这令人捧腹的作品,不觉又想起三毛,想起学生时代,想起无忧无虑的日子。只记得那时所有读过她作品的人都在羡慕她流浪的生活,都爱听她的心声——那曲《橄榄树》。只是现在的孩子几乎不知三毛为何许人也。三毛那单纯的快乐,不会只影响我们那代人吧?我们的学生由于家庭条件的优越,不乏有行万里路的人;但三毛的万里行程,为读者带来的却是无尽的精神享受。三毛的写作风格,应是我们的学生当好好学的吧?即便是讨论一下三毛这个人也会令人深受启发:一个在作品中表现出如许达观、开朗的性格的人,居然会以自杀来作为人生的结局,这红尘究竟应当如何来看待?一个倍受争议的作家本身就是学生阅读兴趣所在。

卖花女读后感(二) 萧伯纳是现实主义戏剧家,其作品多数批判了资本主义的黑暗。他擅长用幽默的语言和荒谬的剧情来体现自身对现实社会的不满与讽刺,这一特点在其作品《卖花女》中表现的最为突出。 《卖花女》原名为《辟格梅林》源于希腊神话,作者引用该名也极大地提高了作品的艺术性。故事主要讲述了在躲雨的屋檐下,语言学家希金斯巧遇卖花女莉莎和语言研究家皮克林。此后希金斯和皮克林两人设置了一场赌局,如果希金斯教授能在6个月内使莉莎从一个粗俗的卖花女蜕变成一位能出席任何高贵场合的名门小姐,皮克林为莉莎付学费以及承认希金斯是最伟大的语言学家。莉莎在经过6各月的训练后改变了她的语言和外表,完全脱离了出身贫寒,言行粗俗的卖花女形象,成为了一位在任何场合都引人瞩目的贵族小姐。 莉莎以其高贵的气质,礼貌的言语成功的欺骗了那些所谓的上流名人,连希金斯和皮克林也被其所吸引。蜕变后的莉莎成功的礼貌而又犀利的言语对希金斯进行语言上的反击,而气急败坏的希金斯暴露出一系列不符合他身份的语言和行为,这是喜剧的讽刺性达到了一个高潮。此时被视为资产阶级上流社会道德模范的希金斯在卖花女面前成为了一个语言粗俗,毫无无礼貌的小市民,而与卖花女的优雅谈吐无疑形成了一个巨大的对比与讽刺。 希金斯在该剧结束是说了一句:“一片烂菜叶,还想开花店。”从这句话中我们可以看出萧伯纳对资本主义冷酷与虚伪的无情揭露。 剧中莉莎曾说:“说真的,除了一些人人都能学会的事情,像打

(完整版)周星驰电影目录大全

周星驰电影目录大全 1988 《霹雳先锋》处女作品、凭借本色表演 《捕风汉子》《最佳女婿》惯性表演状态 1989 《龙在天涯》配角的巅峰表现 《义胆群英》差强人意 《流氓差婆》与吴君如的表演擦出火花,第一次转型 《盖世壕侠》周星驰唯一一部电视连续剧(周星驰、邵美琪、吴孟达、吴镇宇) 1990 《望夫成龙》《一本漫画闯天涯》无厘头表演雏形、喜剧天份初露 《龙凤茶楼》《风雨同路》表现平平,但已被观众认可 《咖喱辣椒》完全盖过张学友的表演 《小偷阿星》《师兄撞鬼》惯性表演状态 《赌圣》荣获当年度十大卖座影片头把,开始与吴孟达拍档 《无敌幸运星》《江湖最的一个大佬》因《赌圣》一片而大赚,但周星驰的表现一般 《赌侠》荣获当年度十大卖座影片第二名,周星驰名声大噪 1991 《整蛊专家》新题材喜剧影片、与王晶初步形成默契 《龙的传人》《新精武门1991》无厘头表演定型 《逃学威龙》暑期强档、当年度十大卖座影片第一 《赌侠2上海滩赌圣》巩俐、方季惟分饰港版、台版女主角,周星驰已成票房保证 《情圣》与毛舜筠演对手戏,但主角过多,“星”味平平 《豪门夜宴》客串 1992 《漫画威龙》开始有人怀疑周星驰到底能坚持多久 《家有喜事》香港最成功的喜剧之一、当年度十大卖座影片第二名 《逃学威龙2》有滑铁卢之称 《审死官》当年度十大卖座影片第一名 《鹿鼎记》当年度十大卖座影片第三名 《鹿鼎记2神龙教》当年度十大卖座影片第五名 《武状元苏乞儿》当年度十大卖座影片第四名 这是“周星驰年”,彻底占领香港市场 1993 《逃学威龙3:龙过鸡年》当年度十大卖座影片第七名,有人说这将是周星驰的最后一年《唐伯虎点秋香》当年度十大卖座影片第一名,周星驰反攻 《济公》惨败

威尼斯商人

《威尼斯商人》赏析 《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚著名的喜剧,写于1597年。在这部喜剧中,体现了莎士比亚喜剧创作的两大特色: 第一,喜剧与讽刺紧密结合。莎士比亚继承和发扬了希腊罗马讽刺喜剧的传统:嘲笑一切丑恶、庸俗的事物,抨击生活中不合理的现象。《威尼斯商人》一剧,包含着对金钱的揭露和批判,对资产阶级贪得无厌的批判,对封建的陈规陋习的批判。 第二,喜剧和人文主义的生活理想相结合。忠诚的爱情和友谊的主题仍然是《威尼斯商人》赞美的中心。但这种爱情和友谊是建筑在人文主义的道德原则基础上的。恩格斯说,在文艺复兴时代“恋爱结婚曾被宣布为一种人权,并且不只是一种男权,而且——在例外的情况下——也是一种女权”。在莎上比亚的喜剧中,男女是以平等的身份出现的,并着重歌颂了女性的聪明才智。这在当时来说,是一种先进的思想。同时,作家还以人道主义精神,歌颂了民族平等和友爱的思想。《威尼斯商人》的艺术技巧,可分作以下两方面来谈: 一、情节结构的巧妙安排。剧本由两条平行线索、两大场景组成。从情节上说,商人安东尼奥与高利贷商人夏洛克之间“割一磅肉”的纠纷是作品的主线,爱情为次要线索。在爱情线索中,又以巴萨尼奥和鲍西娅的爱情为主线。从情节线索上,我们可以看到三种关系:一是层递的关系。作家不是平均使用力量,而是详略得当,主次分明。二是映衬的关系。葛莱西安诺与尼莉莎的爱情对

巴萨尼奥和鲍西娅的爱情起衬托作用;罗兰佐和杰西卡的爱情对巴萨尼奥和鲍西娅的爱情起对照作用。三是因果的关系。四条线索都关系到一个核心人物——夏洛克,核心问题——金钱。因为巴萨尼奥求婚需要钱,才导致安东尼奥向夏洛克借钱,签订了“割一磅肉”的协定。又由于夏洛克在儿女婚事上的偏见和固执,才引起杰西卡和情人的私奔。法庭审判是情节发展的高潮,也是 各条线索的交汇点。 剧本中交递地出现了两大场景:威尼斯和贝尔蒙特。作家把纯朴的充满诗情画意的贝尔蒙特和邪恶的、充满敲诈勒索的威尼斯作了鲜明的对比。剧本中一切纠纷和争执都出现在威尼斯,美好甜蜜的爱情则出现在贝尔蒙特。威尼斯充满紧张和烦恼的情绪,贝尔蒙特则充满抒情和欢乐的气氛。巴萨尼奥是连结两个地点的桥梁。罗兰佐和杰西卡在威尼斯得不到自由的爱情,出逃后到了贝尔蒙特。因此,场景对比,成为剧本结构的第一个特色。结构的第二个特色是围绕中心人物而展开矛盾冲突。夏洛克与安东尼奥、与巴萨尼奥有矛盾,与威尼斯商业界有矛盾,与法庭有矛盾,与基督徒有矛盾,与自己的女儿和仆人也有矛盾。在剧本中形成了一个所有的人都反对夏洛克的局面。“割一磅肉”的问题,是所 有矛盾最集中的体现,并构成了剧本的基本冲突。随着基本冲突的解决,其余的矛盾也迎刃而解。连缀是结构上的第三个特色。通常戏剧在高潮出现之后,情节很快结束了。《威尼斯商人》并 不是这样。它还有一幕多的抒情、误会、逗趣和欢乐的场面。这

对杨宪益《卖花女》译本的探究

对杨宪益《卖花女》译本的探究 内容摘要:戏剧作为一种特有的艺术形式,深受国内外读者的喜爱。特别是伴随着我国国内翻译理论的快速发展,越来越多的国外戏剧被翻译成汉译本。但是相较于普通文本而言,国外戏剧译本的可读性比较差,无法有效地激发读者的阅读兴趣。因此,对于戏剧译本进行研究具有重要的意义。本文以杨宪益的《卖花女》译本为例,就其具体的翻译特征进行了探究,以期为我国戏剧翻译工作提供指导。 关键词:《卖花女》译本研究翻译特征 《卖花女》作为英国戏剧史上一部经典的戏剧作品,深受国内外读者的喜爱。目前,其已经被翻译成众多语言版本,同时也已经被翻拍成许多电影和电视剧等题材,重要性不言而喻。而在当前我国众多《卖花女》的汉译版本中,杨宪益先生的汉译版本无疑是最为经典的一个翻译版本,其再现了原作中的文学精髓,提升了翻译质量。因此,对于杨宪益先生的汉译《卖花女》版本进行研究具有重要的意义。 一.《卖花女》简介 《卖花女》是世界伟大戏剧作家萧伯纳的经典作品,其自诞生以来,就受到了全球读者的欢迎。截至今日,其魅力依旧不减,并且已经被拍摄成电视剧和电影等影视节目。《卖

花女》实际上就是讲述一个行为举止粗鲁,口音浓重的贫穷卖花姑娘伊莉莎在希金斯教授(语言学家)的培养下而逐步成为一个行为规范、谈吐举止高雅的上流名媛故事。而我国著名的翻译家杨宪益对其进行了详细地翻译,实际的翻译贴合原文,具有很强的流畅性和幽默性,同时翻译语言简练。因此,其译本具有很强的研究价值,下面就其具体的翻译特征进行详细地阐述。 二.杨宪益《卖花女》译本的翻译特征 1.词汇简单,便于理解 词汇是翻译过程中的基本单元,其质量直接关乎后续翻译句子和语篇翻译的整体质量,所以在词汇方面,相应的翻译人员需要根据实际的翻译情况,本着“准确、生动、形象”的原则,合理选择翻译的汉语对应其会,遣词斟酌,确保所翻译词汇的准确性,切不可一味地追求文本翻译的华丽而使翻译失去了其原有的翻译语句含义。否则就会得不偿失,极大地影响了其翻译的整体质量。然而,当前西方戏剧等的译本中,最显著的一个问题就是在于词汇翻译的准确度不够,部分翻译人员单纯地按照文本的具体语句来进行逐词翻译,却没有考虑具体的文本含义,以至于使我国国内读者在阅读这些译本的过程中常常会出现一种困惑感,甚至也会造成读者的无解。因此,必须要结合实际的文本翻译信息,在考虑受众思维的基础上,对相关词汇结构进行适当地调整,以在

威尼斯商人的人物及情节

威尼斯商人的人物及情节 莎士比亚的《威尼斯商人》不仅在剧情安排上跌宕起伏,人物和故事情节是剧本的一大亮点。下面,小编就分享下威尼斯商人的人物及情节,如果你也有自己的见解,欢迎补充指正! 威尼斯商人的人物及情节 人物形象: 夏洛克:凶狠,贪婪,固执,残酷 鲍西亚:果敢,沉着,博学,聪慧 安东尼奥:慷慨,仁厚,珍重友谊,放债不收利息,不惜为之生命代价 精彩情节:第四幕第一场 贝尔蒙特·鲍西亚,一个富人的女儿,按照她父亲的遗嘱,她得到了三个盒子——一个金盒子,一个银盒子,还有一个铅盒子。其中一个盒子里面装着她的画像,如果哪个男人选择了正确的盒子,那么她将嫁给那个男人。于是,求婚者从世界的四面八方云集到这儿,都希望能得到她…… 威尼斯镇上有一个年轻人名叫巴萨尼奥,他下定决心要赢得鲍西亚。但是,为了达到自己的愿望,他需要三千达克特-这可是一大笔钱。于是,他向好友,富商安东尼奥求助,希望安东尼奥能借给他这笔钱。然而,由于在海上投入的钱还没收回,安东尼奥手头上暂时也无法拿出这么多钱。于是他

被迫向另外一个富有的犹太放债人,夏洛克借这笔钱。 安东尼奥和夏洛克都不喜欢对方:对于安东尼奥来说,他看不起放高利贷的,另一方面,他不喜欢夏洛克也因为他是犹太人;对于夏洛克来说,安东尼奥借钱给人从不收利息,这样就损害了他的利益。尽管如此,在这种情况下,夏洛克还是同意借钱给安东尼奥,而且也不收他的利息;但是夏洛克提出了一个奇怪的要求:如果安东尼奥拖欠还款的话,他将会从安东尼奥身上割下一磅肉。 巴萨尼奥去了贝尔蒙特,他选择了正确的盒子,铅匣,也就是装有伊人肖像的匣子。也赢得了鲍西亚。鲍西亚送给他一枚戒指,安东尼奥发誓将永远把这枚戒指戴着。与此同时,鲍西亚的女仆,娜瑞萨也接受了格拉夏诺的求婚,将自己的戒指也送给了他。 夏洛克的女儿,杰西卡同自己的爱人克里斯汀·罗伦佐私奔了,并且偷走了她父亲的钱和珠宝。而夏洛克也因为失去自己的女儿和钱财心情烦乱……当他得知安东尼奥在海上的投资全部丧失的消息之后,他决定向安东尼奥讨回借款。 在法庭上,夏洛克要求他和安东尼奥的合同能够履行。鲍西亚和娜瑞萨假扮律师,为安东尼奥辩论,使得夏洛克的计划没有达成。鲍西亚同意夏洛克按照契约规定割下安东尼奥的一磅肉,但是割这一磅肉必须严格按照契约执行,就是不能

卖花女读后感

卖花女读后感 售花父读后感(一) 三毛是尔正在外教时期便十分青睐的一名做野,她的《闹教忘》《稻草人脚忘》等做品置信有很多人也拜读过。但正在尔忘忆外印象最深的莫过于《售花父》那篇文章。 那篇文章为咱们塑制了一名以骗为熟的非洲售花嫩夫的形象。虽然是受骗上当,否正在三毛的笔高,这夫人却也其实不非常否恨。沉紧、风趣的文笔,把个嫩忠大奸的售花父写失是能说会道,摆布遇源。却是三毛自己非常值失异情,一野人不绝天正在为仁慈购双,最初竟落失闻风丧胆的高场。 看着那使人捧腹的做品,没有觉又念起三毛,念起教熟时期,念起忧心如焚的日子。只忘失这时一切读过她做品的人皆正在艳羡她漂泊的糊口,皆爱听她的口声——这直《橄榄树》。只是如今的孩子简直没有知三毛为什么许人也。三毛这纯真的高兴,没有会只影响咱们这代人吧?咱们的教熟因为野庭前提的劣越,没有累有止万面路的人;但三毛的万面止程,为读者带去的倒是无尽的精力享用。

三毛的写做格调,应是咱们的教熟当孬勤学的吧?即使是探讨一高三毛那小我私家也会使人深蒙启示:一个正在做品外体现没多么达不雅、谢朗的性格的人,竟然会以他杀去做为人熟的终局,那尘凡终究该当若何去对待?一个倍蒙争议的做野自身便是教熟浏览趣味地点。 售花父读后感(两) 萧伯缴是现真主义戏剧野,其做品大都批判了本钱主义的暗中。他善于用风趣的言语战荒诞的剧情去表现本身对现真社会的没有谦取挖苦,那一特性正在其做品《售花父》外体现的最为突没。 《售花父》本名为《辟格梅林》源于希腊神话,做者援用该名也极年夜天进步了做品的艺术性。故事次要讲述了正在避雨的屋檐高,言语教野希金斯巧逢售花父莉莎战言语钻研野皮克林。尔后希金斯战皮克林二人配置了一场赌局,若是希金斯传授能正在6个月内使莉莎从一个粗鄙的售花父变质成一名能列席任何崇高场所的名门蜜斯,皮克林为莉莎付膏火以及认可希金斯是最伟年夜的言语教野。莉莎正在颠末6各月的训练后扭转了她的言语战表面,彻底穿离了身世清贫,言止粗鄙的售花父形象,成了一名正在任何场所皆惹人注目的贱族蜜斯。

周星驰电影全集

电影(1983—1990) 在至今为止的华语片香港票房的TOP50排行榜中,“双周一成”的影片占了39部,为78%,其中由周星驰主演的影片就有《功夫》、《少林足球》等18部,占了36%,且在TOP20中周星驰有10部影片入围,这可以说是香港电影的一个奇迹,尽管他从影以来主演的影片只有大约50部。 1983 《临歧》周星驰、梁朝伟、刘德华,林俊贤(实际上这个是教育宣传片和香港81----86系列一样) 《香港81》周星驰吴镇宇等(主要是11期训练班学员) 《香港82》周星驰吴镇宇等(主要是11期训练班学员) 刚进影坛在李修贤经纪公司万能影业时期的配角作品 (具体完整的合作对手名单和角色名称应以电影公司发行为依据,而电影正确名称则与发行地区和时间的不同翻译有所差异,下面亦同)1988 《霹雳先锋》香港票房8916612 早期电影 《捕风汉子》香港票房3149395 《最佳女婿》香港票房5807710 1989 《龙在天涯》香港票房6809853 《义胆群英》香港票房7913329 《流氓差婆》香港票房5624622 《风雨同路》香港票房9335299 1990 《龙凤茶楼》香港票房9335299 离开万能前后签约吴思远、萧若元,作为主角的作品 1990 《望夫成龙》香港票房13703364 《一本漫画闯天涯》香港票房15149253 《咖喱辣椒》香港票房15777856 《小偷阿星》香港票房7968106

《逃学威龙3龙过鸡年》香港票房25776004 《唐伯虎点秋香》香港票房40171804 《济公》香港票房21562580 1994 《破坏之王》香港票房36936349 《九品芝麻官》香港票房30177208 《国产凌凌漆》香港票房37567879 1995 《大话西游之月光宝盒》香港票房25324203 《大话西游之仙履奇缘》(《大话西游之大圣娶亲》)香港票房21713967 (周星驰第一次组的彩星公司的创业唯一作品,但拆为两部上映,票 房对比同类港片虽然已经非常不错,但是离预期有差距) 《回魂夜》香港票房16281325 《百变星君》香港票房35236551 电影(1996—2010) 1996 《大内密探零零发》香港票房36051899 《食神》香港票房40861655 (星辉公司的创业作,也是周星驰自认的 得意作品,至今去参观星辉都能看见醒目海报,好莱坞已经购得版权)1997 《97家有喜事》香港票房40435675 《算死草》香港票房27163795 1998 《行运一条龙1999》香港票房27726705 周星驰 《喜剧之王》香港票房29846650 (星辉的第二部作品) 《千王之王2000》香港票房19139760 2001

英语口试剧本-威尼斯商人

The Merchant of Venice(II) PART 1第一部分 D: Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Do not be so bitter. 公爵:宽恕安东尼奥吧,夏洛克,别这样怀恨在心。 S: I've promised to take my pound of flesh. If you do not let me have it, that will be a sign of weakness and no one will trust your laws any more. The greatness of Venice will soon be lost. Antonio is my enemy, and I hate him. 夏洛克:我说过一定要拿走我应得的那一磅肉。要是您不准许我得到它,那将是一种软弱的表现,人们将不再信你们的法律了。威尼斯不久就会丧失它的伟大。安东尼奥是我的敌人,我恨他。 B: Do all men kill the things they do not love? 巴萨尼奥:难道所有的人都要铲除他们所不爱的东西吗? A: It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. Don't wait any longer. Pass judgement on me and give Shylock what he wants. 安东尼奥:跟夏洛克讲理是没有用的。别再等待了。对我宣判吧,把夏洛克想要得到的东西给他。 B: I'll pay you six thousand ducats for the three thousand ducats that Antonio borrowed. 巴萨尼奥:我将付给你六千块钱,用来归还安东尼奥借的那三千块钱。 S: If you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take my pound of flesh. Give me my pound of flesh! 夏洛克:即使你愿意我六倍于你刚才提出的钱数,我仍然要拿我应得的那一磅肉。把那一磅肉判给我! D: Let us be calm, gentlemen. Shylock, how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none? 公爵:先生们,请安静。夏洛克,如果你不宽恕别人,你自己怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢?S: I have done nothing wrong and I fear no judgement. I desire my pound of flesh. 夏洛克:我并没有做错事,我不怕审判。我要求给我应得的那一磅肉。 As the Duke is wondering what to do, Nerissa, dressed like a lawyer's clerk, arrives with a letter from the famous lawyer whom Portia has visited. While the Duke is talking to Nerissa, Shylock gets ready to cut his pound of flesh from Antonio. 正当公爵不知道应该怎么办的时候,尼莉莎打扮成一个律师的书记员,带着鲍西娅刚拜访过的那位著名的律师的一封信,来到法庭。当公爵与尼莉莎谈话时,夏洛克准备好要从安东尼奥身上割下他应得的一磅肉。 Then the letter is read out for all in the court to hear. "I am very ill. When your letter reached me, I had with me a .learned young doctor from Rome. I told him about the quarrel between Shylock and Antonio. We studied many lawbooks and he knows what I would say. I ask you to let him stand in my place and give judgement. He is young, but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head." 这时,当庭宣读了律师的信。"我重病缠身。收到你的信时,我正同一位从罗马来的很有学问的年轻博士在一起。我把夏洛克与安东尼奥之间的争执对他讲了。我们研究了很多法典,因此他知道我想要说的话。我请您让他替我作出判决。他很年轻,但是,我还从来不知道有这么年轻又这么聪明的人。"

周星驰电影年表

电影 在香港电影黄金时代的八、九十年代,香港本土电影的票房在市场上节节胜利,而“双周一成”也就成为了当时的赞誉,因为几乎从1986年的《英雄本色》到1997年的《一个好人》,每年的票房冠军都是由周星驰或周润发或成龙主演的影片。此后,香港电影在逐步没落中,周润发往好莱坞后发展不尽人意,成龙的动作电影也日走下坡,倒是周星驰,从演员变成导演,在票房上一再取得惊人的成绩,更进军好莱坞。在至今为止的华语片香港票房的TOP50排行榜中,“双周一成”的影片占了39部,为78%,其中由周星驰主演的影片就有《功夫》、《少林足球》等18部,占了36%,且在TOP20中周星驰有10部影片入围,这可以说是香港电影的一个奇迹,尽管他从影以来主演的影片只有大约50部。 年份---作品(共54部)------- 领衔主演------------- 香港票房(港币) 1988--霹雳先锋------------------周星驰、李修贤-------8,916,612 --------捕风汉子------------------周星驰、万梓良-------3,149,395 --------最佳女婿------------------周星驰、张学友-------5,807,710 1989--龙在天涯-----------------周星驰、李连杰-------6,809,853 --------义胆群英------------------周星驰、午马---------7,913,329 --------流氓差婆-----------------周星驰、吴君如-------5,624,622 1990--望夫成龙-----------------周星驰、吴君如-------13,703,364 ------一本漫画闯天涯-----------周星驰、林俊贤-------15,149,253 ------龙凤茶楼-------------------周星驰、莫少聪--------9,107,362 ------风雨同路-------------------周星驰、周慧敏-------9,335,299 ------咖喱辣椒-------------------周星驰、张学友-------15,777,856 ------小偷阿星-------------------周星驰、胡慧中-------7,968,106 ------师兄撞鬼-------------------周星驰、董彪---------12,128,944 ------赌圣-------------------------周星驰、吴孟达-------41,326,156 ------无敌幸运星----------------周星驰、吴君如-------18,799,869 ------江湖最后一个大佬-------周星驰、午马---------5,495,811 ------赌侠-----------------------周星驰、刘德华-------40,342,758 1991--整蛊专家---------------周星驰、刘德华-------31,388,471 ------龙的传人-----------------周星驰、毛舜钧-------23,762,012 ------新精武门1991-----------周星驰、张敏---------24,245,510 ------逃学威龙------------------周星驰、张敏---------43,829,449 ------赌侠2上海滩赌圣-------周星驰、巩利-------- 31,163,730 (台湾版女主角是方季惟) ------情圣----------------------周星驰、毛舜君-------16,548,021 ------赌霸---------------------- 客串 ------非洲和尚-----------------配音 ------豪门夜宴----------------- 客串 1992--漫画威龙-----------------周星驰元华----------22,946,994 ------家有喜事-------------------周星驰、张曼玉-------48,992,188 ------逃学威龙2------------------周星驰、朱茵---------31,635,680 ------审死官-----------------------周星驰、梅艳芳-------49,884,734 ------鹿鼎记-----------------------周星驰、吴孟达-------40,862,831,个人认为此是周氏戏剧成熟的开始 ------鹿鼎记2神龙教--------------周星驰、林青霞-------36,583,964 ------武状元苏乞儿---------------周星驰、张敏---------37,416,607

威尼斯商人

威尼斯商人(节选) 教学目标 1. 了解莎土比亚.剧本的创作背景和反映的社会生活。 2. 把握戏剧矛盾冲突,理解戏剧情节在戏剧构成中的地位和作用。 3. 认识文中几个主要人物的思想性格。 4. 品味莎士比亚个性化语言的特点。 教学重难点 1.把握戏剧矛盾冲突,理解戏剧情节在戏剧构成中的地位和作用。 2.认识文中几个主要人物的思想性格;品味莎士比亚个性化语言的特点。 教学过程 一、导入新课 世界著名的四大吝啬鬼形象是巴尔扎克《守财奴》中的葛朗台、莫里哀《悭吝人》中的阿巴贡、果戈理《死魂灵》中的泼留希金、莎士比亚《威尼斯商人》中的夏洛克。夏洛克吝啬的表现有什么特点呢?让我们走进《威尼斯商人》去寻求答案。 二、作者简介和时代背景 1. 威廉·莎士比亚(1564-1616)文艺复兴时期英国伟大的戏剧家和诗人,人文主义最杰出的代表,近代欧洲文学的奠基者之一。 莎士比亚的代表作有四大悲剧:《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》。著名喜剧:《仲夏夜之梦》《威尼斯商人》《第十二夜》《皆大欢喜》。历史剧:《亨利四世》《亨利五世》《查理二世》。正剧、悲喜剧:《罗密欧与朱丽叶》。 2.时代背景 《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚早期创作的一部喜剧。这时期正当伊丽莎白女王统治的盛世,英国成了统一的民族国家。新兴资产阶级刚登上历史舞台。人文主义者生气蓬勃。他们提倡人权自由.个性解放,反对封建割据和教会的统治。这就使莎士比亚的喜剧充满了乐观主义的色彩。《威尼斯商人》就表现了新兴的商业资本对封建的高利贷资本的胜利,歌颂了人文主义的友谊.爱情及个性的自由解放。 三、戏剧文学知识简介 1. 戏剧,指以语言、动作、舞蹈、音乐、木偶等形式达到叙事目的的舞台表演艺术的总称。文学上的戏剧概念是指为戏剧表演所创作的脚本,即剧本。 2. 戏剧的分类

《卖花女》剧本全本 1st

Pygmalion Act 1 Covent Garden at 11.15 p.m. Torrents of heavy summer rain. Cab whistles blowing frantically in all directions. Pedestrians running for shelter into the market and under the portico of St. Paul's Church, where there are already several people. They are all peering out gloomily at the rain, except one man with his back turned to the rest, who seems wholly preoccupied with a notebook in which he is writing busily. The church clock strikes the first quarter. A young man of twenty, in evening dress, opens his umbrella and dashes off onto the street to stop a passing taxi, but comes into collision with a flower girl, who is hurrying in for shelter, knocking her basket out of her hands. A blinding flash of lightning, followed instantly by a rattling peal of thunder, orchestrates the incident.] THE FLOWER GIRL: Nah then, look wh' y' gowin, deah. The YOUNG MAN: Sorry [he rushes off]. THE FLOWER GIRL: [picking up her scattered flowers and replacing them in the basket] There's menners f' yer! Te-oo banches o voylets trod into the mad. [She sits down on the plinth of the column, sorting her flowers, on the right of an old lady. She is not at all an attractive person. She is perhaps eighteen, perhaps twenty, hardly older. She wears a little sailor hat of black straw that has long been exposed to the dust and soot of London and has seldom if ever been brushed. Her hair needs washing rather badly: its mousy color can hardly be natural. She wears a shoddy black coat that reaches nearly to her knees and is shaped to her waist. She has a brown skirt with a coarse apron. Her boots are much the worse for wear. She is no doubt as clean as she can afford to be; but compared to the ladies she is very dirty. Her features are no worse than theirs; but their condition leaves something to be desired; and she needs the services of a dentist]. [An elderly gentleman of the amiable military type rushes into shelter, and closes a dripping umbrella. He is in the same plight as Freddy, very wet about the ankles. He is in evening dress, with a light overcoat. He takes the place left vacant by the daughter's retirement.] THE GENTLEMAN: Phew! The OLD LADY: [to the gentleman] Oh, sir, is there any sign of its stopping? THE GENTLEMAN:

《周星驰电影合集》全集[国语 粤语]

《功夫》上映时间:23/12/2004票房:6083万

《少林足球》上映时间:05/07/2001票房:6073万 ·中文名: 周星驰 ·英文名: Stephen Chow ·出生年月: 1962年6月22日 ·生肖: 虎 ·出生地: 香港 ·籍贯: 上海

·太阳星座: 巨蟹座 ·月亮星座: 水瓶座 ·身高: 174cm ·体重: 65kg ·偶像: 李小龙 ·最喜爱的明星: 周润发,成龙·性格: 开朗,和气,倔强 ·兴趣: 唱歌,唱戏 喜爱的运动: 骑马,足球,台球,游泳·最感激的人: 李修贤,万梓良·最喜爱的演员: 罗拔狄尼路·最喜爱的歌星: 梅艳芳 ·最喜爱的歌: 抒情歌 ·最喜爱的舞蹈: DISCO ·最喜爱的服装: 便服 ·最喜爱的鞋: 布鞋 ·最喜爱的饰物: 表 ·最喜爱的颜色: 蓝色 ·最喜爱的动物: 狗 ·最喜爱的狗: 虎狗 ·最喜爱的食物: 面食 ·最喜爱的疏菜: 芥兰菜

·最喜爱的水果: 芒果 ·最喜爱的旅游地: 巴黎 最尴尬的事: 迟到 ·最害怕的事: 怕黑 ·最失望的事: 戏演得不好 ·最大的希望: 赚大钱读书 ·最差的科目: 数学 ·长相像谁: 爸妈各一半 ·最想去的地方: 家里 ·最爱的音乐: 古典音乐 ·喜欢的书: 中国古典小说,漫画 ·喜欢的季节: 春季,秋季 ·喜欢的人: 母亲 ·最大的心愿: 自导自演 原藉浙江宁波,中学毕业后考入无线电视艺员训练班,1983年结业后成为无线艺员,同年被派任儿童节目《四三○穿梭机》主持,做了四年。1987年他被派演戏剧,他参演的第一个剧集是《生命之旅》,之后他又主演了《他来自江湖》等剧集,其中最得好评的是《盖世豪侠》。在该剧中演出了他独特地表演风格。 1988年他得到导演李修贤的赏识,让他演《霹雳先锋》一片男主角之一。这是他参演的第一部电影。由于演出优异,因此获得台湾二十五届金马奖最佳男配角奖。他那非逻辑性和带有神经质的演技,开创

威尼斯商人__戏剧鉴赏

鉴赏与分析 《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚著名的喜剧,写于1597年。在这部喜剧中,体现了莎士比亚喜剧创作的两大特色: 第一,喜剧与讽刺紧密结合。莎士比亚继承和发扬了希腊罗马讽刺喜剧的传统:嘲笑一切丑恶、庸俗的事物,抨击生活中不合理的现象。《威尼斯商人》一剧,包含着对金钱的揭露和批判,对资产阶级贪得无厌的批判,对封建的陈规陋习的批判。 第二,喜剧和人文主义的生活理想相结合。忠诚的爱情和友谊的主题仍然是《威尼斯商人》赞美的中心。但这种爱情和友谊是建筑在人文主义的道德原则基础上的。恩格斯说,在文艺复兴时代“恋爱结婚曾被宣布为一种人权,并且不只是一种男权,而且——在例外的情况下——也是一种女权”。在莎上比亚的喜剧中,男女是以平等的身份出现的,并着重歌颂了女性的聪明才智。这在当时来说,是一种先进的思想。同时,作家还以人道主义精神,歌颂了民族平等和友爱的思想。《威尼斯商人》的艺术技巧,可分作以下两方面来谈: 一、情节结构的巧妙安排。剧本由两条平行线索、两大场景组成。从情节上说,商人安东尼奥与高利贷商人夏洛克之间“割一磅肉”的纠纷是作品的主线,爱情为次要线索。在爱情线索中,又以巴萨尼奥和鲍西娅的爱情为主线。他的朋友葛莱西安诺与鲍西娅的使女尼莉莎的爱情为次要线索,青年罗兰佐和夏洛克女儿杰西卡的爱情为更加次要的线索。 从情节线索上,我们可以看到三种关系:一是层递的关系。作家不是平均使用力量,而是详略得当,主次分明。二是映衬的关系。葛莱西安诺与尼莉莎的爱情对巴萨尼奥和鲍西娅的爱情起衬托作用;罗兰佐和杰西卡的爱情对巴萨尼奥和鲍西娅的爱情起对照作用。三是因果的关系。四条线索都关系到一个核心人物——夏洛克,核心问题——金钱。因为巴萨尼奥求婚需要钱,才导致安东尼奥向夏洛克借钱,签订了“割一磅肉”的协定。又由于夏洛克在儿女婚事上的偏见和固执,才引起杰西卡和情人的私奔。 法庭审判是情节发展的高潮,也是各条线索的交汇点。 剧本中交递地出现了两大场景:威尼斯和贝尔蒙特。作家把纯朴的充满诗情画意的贝尔蒙特和邪恶的、充满敲诈勒索的威尼斯作了鲜明的对比。剧本中一切纠纷和争执都出现在威尼斯,美好甜蜜的爱情则出现在贝尔蒙特。威尼斯充满紧张和烦恼的情绪,贝尔蒙特则充满抒情和欢乐的气氛。巴萨尼奥是连结两个地点的桥梁。罗兰佐和杰西卡在威尼斯得不到自由的爱情,出逃后到了贝尔蒙特。因此,场景对比,成为剧本结构的第一个特色。结构的第二个特色是围绕中心人物而展开矛盾冲突。夏洛克与安东尼奥、与巴萨尼奥有矛盾,与威尼斯商业界有矛盾,与法庭有矛盾,与基督徒有矛盾,与自己的女儿和仆人也有矛盾。在剧本中形成了一个所有的人都反对夏洛克的局面。“割一磅肉”的问题,是所有矛盾最集中的体现,并构成了剧本的基本冲突。随着基本冲突的解决,其余的矛盾也迎刃而解。连缀是结构上的第三个特色。通常戏剧在高潮出现之后,情节很快结束了。《威尼斯商人》并不是这样。它还有一幕多的抒情、误会、逗趣和欢乐的场面。这便是连缀。事情发生在鲍西娅主仆大功告成,回到贝尔蒙特家里之后。但它并不使人感到多余和累赘,相反地,它充实了主题,更加丰富地展现了人物的性格。 在这部分戏里,喜剧性误会场面占首要的位置。鲍西娅主仆在向自己的丈夫取讨结婚戒指时,表现了她们聪明活泼的性格,以及巴萨尼奥、葛莱西安诺的淳厚和知恩图报的品德。这场喜剧性的争吵是大浪后的余波,给人余音袅袅,兴味无穷的感觉。 在连缀部分,抒情色彩也很浓。当鲍西娅从威尼斯回到贝尔蒙特时,月亮是那样皎洁。最初是罗兰佐和杰西卡对柔和寂静的夜色的赞美,然后是鲍西娅对月色和音乐的赞美。这一递一和,平添了许多诗情画意。罗兰佐命令乐工们吹奏起来的音乐,又像是在欢迎鲍西娅的凯旋。这种欢乐情调更加衬托了剧本“有情人皆成眷属”的圆满结尾。 二、典型塑造的特色。首先,莎士比亚按人文主义的道德原则塑造人物,并使之形成对照。作品中有两组人物构成对比:安东尼奥与夏洛克,鲍西娅与夏洛克。在前一组对比中,剧作家着重赞美了慷慨无私的人道精神,批判了重利盘剥的缺德行为。 安东尼奥是商人的正面典型,他正直善良。在他身上存在着古代罗马的仗义疏财的品德。他和高利贷者夏洛克相反,借钱给人不取利息。他憎恶残酷的剥削行为,夏洛克则把它当作“体面的利润”。安东尼奥把友谊和信义看得比金钱还重;夏洛克则唯钱是图,冷酷自私。安东尼奥见人危难,立即伸出援助的手;夏洛克见人危难,落井下石,幸灾乐祸。安东尼奥口快心直,对夏洛克贪婪行为,当面批评、斥责;夏洛克则阴险狡猾,当面谦恭卑让,背后则处心积虑图谋报复。安东尼奥为了玉成朋友的美满姻缘,将要被逼割去一磅心头肉,却视死如归,毫无怨言;夏洛克为报嫌隙小怨,不顾良心道德,倒行逆施。通过这一对比,人物谁善谁恶,谁优谁劣,便跃然纸上。第二组人物对比中,通过鲍西娅和夏洛克两人,表现了人文主义的仁爱精神与封建的残忍行为的斗争。 鲍西娅是莎士比亚喜剧创作中光辉的女性形象之一。她不仅温柔美丽,而且机智勇敢。她对传统的习俗有反叛的思想,不为门第显赫和金钱而择偶,她看重的是高尚的道德情操。 鲍西娅感情真挚,并有一副慈悲心肠。正如罗兰佐对她说的:“您的确有一颗高贵真诚、不同凡俗的仁爱的心;尤其像这次敦促尊夫就道,宁愿割舍儿女的私情,这一种精神毅力,真令人万分钦佩。”在法庭上,她以慈悲的道理去说服夏洛克,要他放弃割肉的决定。然而,夏洛克冥顽不化,磨刀霍霍。于是她才以契约上的漏洞,寻找法律的根据,一举打败了夏洛克。鲍西娅和夏洛克的斗争,也是一场智慧勇敢和邪恶不义的斗争。 莎士比亚通过以上两组人物的对立,一褒一贬,从而积极肯定了人文主义的思想原则。但我们还必须看到剧作家对夏洛克除了讽刺和谴责外,还有同情的一面。夏洛克和哈姆莱特、福尔斯泰夫,被公认是莎士比亚戏剧创作中三大典型之一。他是个比较复杂的人物。 夏洛克具有双重性格。一方面,他是个高利贷者,一个残酷剥削别人的人,他追求的是“像母羊生小羊一样地快快生利息”;另一方面,他又是一个受歧视的犹太人。他和安东尼奥的矛盾不光是商业上的原因。他认为安东尼奥侮辱了他的民族。他理直气壮地说: “难道犹太人没有眼睛吗?难道犹太人没有五官四肢、没有知觉、没有感情、没有血气吗?也不是吃着同样的食物,同样的武器可以伤害他,同样的医药可以疗治他,冬天同样会冷,夏天同样会热,就像一个基督徒一样吗?你们要是用刀剑刺我们,我们不是也会出血吗?你们要是搔我们的痒,我们不是也会笑起来的吗?你们要是用毒药谋害我们,我们不是也会死的吗?那么要是你们欺侮了我们,我们难道不会复

相关文档
最新文档