2012年英语专业八级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2012年英语专业八级真题及详解

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2012)

-GRADE EIGHT-

TIME LIMIT: 150 MIN PART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]

SECTION A MINI-LECTURE

In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check you work.

Observation Behaviour

People do observation in daily life context for safety or for proper behaviour. However, there are differences in daily life observation and research observation.

1. ____

【答案】rare (no) formal records

【解析】细节题。该讲座与行为观测的取样相关，在讲到日常观测“daily life observation”与研究中的观测的不同之处时，录音中提到“daily life observation”的第二个特点是“... we rarely keep formal records of our observations”，可知人们几乎不对日常生活中的行为观测进行记录，因此答案为rare (no) formal records。

2. ____

【答案】memory

【解析】细节题。上文提到，我们很少对日常生活中的行为观测进行记录，接着就讲到“we rely on our memory of events”，因此答案为memory。

3. ____

【答案】systematic and objective

【解析】细节题。描述完日常行为观测的特点后，录音中继而对研究中的观测进行了介绍，提到“Observations in research on the other hand, are made under precisely defined conditions, that is, in a systematic and objective manner ...”，由此可得出答案。

4. ____

【答案】every hour

【解析】细节题。本段介绍的是时间取样，也就是观测要有时间间隔，录音中提到“Then in systematic time sampling, our observations might be made during five twenty-minute periods beginning every hour”，所以文中列举的时间间隔是一小时。

5. ____

【答案】variable

【解析】细节题。讲座中对“random sampling”的解释是“That is to say, intervals between observation periods could vary ...”，因此此处需填入“vary”的形容词形式“variable”，表示“可变的，变化的”。

6. ____

【答案】combination

【解析】细节题。上文介绍了系统采样和随机采样，接着又讲“One point I’d like to make is systematic and random time sampling are not always used in isolation. They are often combined in studies”，所以它们并不总是独立使用的，经常也会相结合。

7. ____

【答案】situation sampling

【解析】细节题。从讲座中提到的“I’ll briefly introduce two kinds of sampling, that is, time sampling and situation sampling”，可知有两种取样方法：时间取样和情景取样。因此该空填situation sampling。

8. ____

【答案】locations

【解析】细节题。讲座中提到“situation sampling”的定义时讲到“It involves studying behaviours in different locations and under different circumstances and conditions”，所以强调的是地点的不同，因此该空填入locations。

9. ____

【答案】varies/ changes

【解析】推断题。讲座中关于情景取样的介绍中提及采取该种取样方法的原因“Because people, or for that manner, animals, do not behave in exactly the same way across