雅思托福语法十大原则
托福雅思写作高分语法规则
托福雅思写作高分语法规则规则1修饰语（描述事物的单词或短语）应靠近其修饰的单词或短语。
示例：Purchased last week, the new preparation materials helped the student study.常见错误：Purchased last week, the student studied with her new preparation materials.规则2确保代词指代一个特定的名词，并与其指代名词的单数或复数形式保持一致。
示例：The professor is a favorite at the university, but he is now taking a semester off.常见错误：The professor is a favorite at the university, but they were now taking a semester off.规则3牢记句子主语，确保主语始终与动词保持一致。
示例：Each of the authors involved in writing the book was a sociologist.常见错误：Each of the authors involved in writing the book were sociologists.规则4当一个句子中存在两个或多个并列成分时，应使用同类语法形式。
示例：The teacher thought he was a good student because he turned in his papers on time, tested well on exams and appeared enthusiastic.常见错误：The teacher thought he was a good student because he turned in his papers on time, tested well on exams and his enthusiasm was high.规则5当主语是动作的执行者时，选择主动语态（而非被动语态）。
英语十大语法
英语十大语法
1、词性和词性搭配：在句子中使用正确的词性，并遵循正确的词性搭配。
2、主谓一致：主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致。
3、时态和语态：根据句子的时间、时态和语态要求正确使用动词形式。
4、定冠词和不定冠词：根据名词的特性，选择正确的冠词。
5、介词用法：根据动词、名词或形容词的需要选择适当的介词。
6、副词使用：根据动词、形容词或其他副词的需要选择适当的副词。
7、句子结构：使用正确的句子结构和语序，包括主谓宾、倒装、疑问句等。
8、并列和从属连词：使用正确的并列连词连接平行结构，使用正确的从属连词引导从句。
9、直接和间接引语：正确使用直接引语和间接引语，并使用正确的引号格式。
10、单复数和形容词顺序：根据名词的单复数形式和形容词的顺序规则选择正确的形容词。
这只是一些常见的英语语法规则，掌握这些规则有助于提高英语的准确性和流利度。
- 1 -。
雅思 语法
雅思语法
雅思考试的语法要求非常高，以下是雅思语法的一些重点：
1. 时态
雅思考试中要求考生能够正确使用各种时态。
有些场合需要使用
过去时态，有的需要使用现在时态，而有的则需要使用将来时态。
考
生需要在语法上灵活掌握各种时态，特别是在写作和口语部分要注意
时态的正确使用。
2. 主谓一致
主谓一致是英语语法中最基本和最重要的一部分。
它强调了主谓
关系必须是在人名、代词、数词等主语和动词、助动词等谓语之间达
成一致。
考生需要对主谓一致，特别是在使用不定代词、复合主语和
虚拟语气时，要更加注意。
3. 语态
语态是指句子所表达的动作或状态与说话者的关系。
英语语法中
有主动语态和被动语态两种，考生要能够掌握这两种语态的正确应用。
在雅思考试中，有时候考生需要写被动语态的句子，特别是在写作中，需要认真掌握被动语态的用法。
4. 复合句
复合句是由两个或两个以上分句组成的句子，其中至少有一个从句。
在雅思考试中，有很多题型需要考生使用复合句来回答问题或表
达自己的观点，如：听力、阅读、写作等。
考生需要掌握各种连接词
的用法，并在语法上灵活应用它们。
5. 倒装句
倒装句是英语语法中的一种句型，被广泛应用在雅思考试的各个
部分。
它的特点是主语和谓语动词在句子中位置颠倒。
考生需要能够
准确理解和使用倒装句，并了解不同情景下的倒装结构。
总之，雅思考试的语法要求非常高，考生需要通过大量的练习来
巩固和提高自己的语法水平。
只有在语法正确的基础上，才能获得更高的雅思分数。
雅思写作最实用语法总结(全是拿分点)
雅思写作最实用语法总结(全是拿分点)雅思写作最实用语法总结时态问题：在写作中，我们需要灵活运用四种时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时和一般将来时。
使用一般现在时时，需要注意第三人称单数的用法。
例如，打工对一个人的将来事业有深远的影响，可以表达为Taking part-time XXX。
而现在进行时则表示逐渐的过程，例如经济正在迅速发展，可以表达为XXX使用现在完成时时，需要注意常用的搭配，如In recent years。
In the past decades等。
例如，最近几年，科技极大地改变了人们的生活，可以表达为In recent years。
XXX一般将来时则表示将要发生的事情，例如电脑将会在教育过程中起越来越关键的作用，但是它们绝对不能在教室中取代老师的地位，可以表达为XXX。
but it is not possible that they could replace teachers in the classroom。
语态问题：在写作中，我们应该以主动语态为主，并搭配被动语态。
常见的被动语态结构包括be done、am、is、are done、is being done、have/has been done和will be done。
例如，我们应该优先考虑教育，rities should be given to XXX。
词法问题：在写作中，我们需要注意名词的使用。
泛指的名词要用复数，不加冠词。
不可数名词则使用原型。
例如，学生应该记忆而不是死记硬背，可以表达为Students XXX rather than to think。
People today face immense pressure。
which can lead to XXX。
When it comes to verbs。
there are four main categories: n verbs。
linking verbs。
托福考试语法部分的最重要的规则（1）
TOEFL语法第⼀条：单数可数名词不能单独存在
例⼦：I LIKE THE FLOWER或I LIKE FLOWERS。
不能是：I LIKE FLOWER。
黄⾦规则1：
⼀个句⼦有且只有⼀个谓语，若有⼀个谓语就不能再有第⼆个谓语。
若有另⼀个谓语，就必有连词，关系代词，副词。
⼀个句⼦若有连词，关系代词，副词，那此句就⼆谓语，分句各有⾃⼰的谓语。
例⼦：I GO TO THE SCHOOL。
ALTHOUGH HE HITS ME，I DON’T HOLD THE GRADGE。
黄⾦规则2：
在时间，条件，让步，⽅式，状语从句中，如果从句的主句和主句的主语⼀致，并且从句的谓语构成中有BE动词，从句主语BE动词可以同时省略。
THE BUILDING WAS……，WHEN BUILT……
of⽤法：OF的后⾯⼀定是名词，OF的后⾯不⼀定⾮要是名词，但⼀般是名词。
简略式：N1 + OF +N2
AS的后⾯可以跟⼀个从句的。
例如：AS GOOD AS SHE IS。
等。
以上两个规则加上语第⼀条加上TOEFL的词组的特殊搭配，语法可以⼏乎得满分。
但上⾯的东西，各位T友⼀定要灵活运⽤。
这些可是新东⽅语法教育的精华。
更多的语法规则需要⼤家的总结。
希望各位T友积极动起来。
预祝⼤家语法满分。
出国考试：托福语法做题规律口诀-出国考试
出国考试：托福语法做题规律口诀-出国考试托福语法做题规律口诀口诀一：一语法,二逻辑(语义),三用法,四硬币这一口诀概括的是托福语法题整体解题思路和策略,其含义是:一语法: 做托福语法题,首先从"语法"层次开始.在这一层次,正确答案与干扰项之间的区分在语法(或句子成分)的差别上.无须弄懂句子的意思即可做对.如: (1) -------------- were derived from Lation.A. All Romance languagesB. While Romance languagesC. There are Romance languagesD. With Romance languages上句中缺少的明显是主语,必须由一个名词性结构来充当.4个选项中,只有"A"项是名词性结构.答案只能是A.(2) The (scientific) revolution of the early 1900's (affected) education by(change) the nature of (technology).上句中介词by之后必须由名词性结构来充当宾语.后面的change虽然既可作动词,也可作名词,但由于其后面还有一个名词性结构,按照"两个名词不见面"的口诀------我们后面将具体讨论-------这里只能为动词,所以C项错,答案为changing.上面两道题均可以在不考虑句子意思的前提下即找到正确答案.这类题在托福语法"填空"部分占85%以上,在"改错"部分亦不低于60%.掌握这一规律并记住相应的规律和口诀可以大大地提高我们作题速度和质量.二逻辑(语义): 有一些题仅靠对句子成分地分析无法找出正确答案.这时,我们就必须以语义地层次来考虑语言或意思上的逻辑关系. 如:(3) She has not yet ---------- my invitation.A. acceptedB. will acceptC. exceptedD. accepting从"语法"即句子成分的角度看,缺少的是谓语动词,B,D两项显然不能入选,但A,C两项似乎都可以.这时就需要通过逻辑(语义)来加以分析.如选A项,句义为"她尚未接受我的邀请:.如选C项,句义为"她尚未把我的邀请排除在外",这显然不合情理,有悖逻辑.故答案只能是A.(4) Walt Disney (is) remembered by (an American family) everywhere for thedistinctive and (irresistible) cartoon character he (introduced) to moviesand television.此句中语法关系自身似无问题,但B项的an American family(一个美国家庭)与后面的everywhere(到处,无所不在)从逻辑上相悖,为错.故答案是B.三用法: 有个别题从"语法"和"逻辑"的角度都可接受,这时就必须考虑从"用法"层次区分问题了.如: (5) Plants receive their nutrients --------- water,soil, and sunlight.A. whereB. overC. in fromD. from上句从语法的层次分析, A,C两项均不可取.但B,D两项无论从语法还是逻辑上看都是可以被接受的.此时只能看用法了.由于receive一词用法上只能与介词from搭配,答案只能是D.6) City officials (are) concerned (because) crime on public(transportation) (near) reached record highs this summer.无论是从语法还是逻辑的角度看,上句均无问题.near一词通常具有形容词,副词,介词3种词性,而且还可以用作动词.用副词修饰动词绝无问题,且near具有接近,靠近的含义,与reached搭配似乎也没有什么不妥.但从语法的角度看,作副词的near只能与draw ,come 等不及物动词搭配,此处为错.故答案为D.四硬币: 任何考试都有一个速度与质量相统一的问题.质量再高,速度太慢也难得高分.所以,如在正式考试种在上面3个层次分析后仍不能找出答案时,最不可"研题"或"抠题",以免延误时间,在规定的时间内作不完题。
雅思语法总结
雅思语法总结
雅思考试是一项英语语言能力测试，其中语法部分占有很大的比重。
以下是一些雅思语法方面的总结：
1. 时态：时态的正确使用非常重要。
要根据句子的语境选择适当的时态，常用的时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时等。
2. 主谓一致：主语和谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致，即第三人称单数主语用单数谓语动词，第一、二人称和复数主语用复数谓语动词。
3. 名词形式：名词有单数形式和复数形式，还有可数名词和不可数名词之分。
在使用名词时要根据语境选择正确的形式。
4. 代词：代词用来代替名词，主要有人称代词、指示代词、相对代词、不定代词等。
要确保代词的使用和前面所代替的名词在性、数、人称上保持一致。
5. 从句：从句是一个完整的句子，作为句子的一部分。
从句有主从关系，包括宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句等。
在从句中要注意时态的一致和句子结构的正确使用。
6. 介词：介词用来表示位置、方向、时间、原因等，常用的介词有in、on、at、from、to等。
要根据语境正确使用介词，并注意介词短语的搭配。
7. 形容词和副词：形容词和副词用来修饰名词和动词，形容词一般放在名词前面，副词一般放在动词前面。
要注意形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的形式。
总之，正确的语法使用是雅思考试中得高分的关键之一。
要提高自己的语法水平，需要不断学习和练习，多读多写，注意语境和句子结构的使用。
同时，可以参考一些语法书籍和教材，进行针对性的学习和练习。
【朗阁托福培训】托福语法常用的6条法则
【朗阁托福培训】托福语法常用的6条法则托福语法在托福阅读题型中作用非常大，很多同学只重视词汇、句式的积累，却忽略了对托福语法的练习。
下面，朗阁培训中心的专家为大家整理“托福语法常用的6条原则”，给你的托福语法复习提供一点帮助。
1)开头原词：本次主题，现在干什么2)结尾原词：下次主题，1 主题思想原则 (part C 预看选项，以听为主，抓住主题)A 原词做答(针对首尾两题)接着干什么B Jerry十大信号词Part C头题选项： the+信号词+of sth。
C 导语+首尾原则1)开头句型：Let“s now focus on……I”d like to begin today“s lecture by……Today we”ll talk about/discuss/centre on……Following our discussion last time，we will discuss……2)结尾句型：Next time we meet ，we will discuss……We will continue our discussion next time……Finally， at last， all in all， in short， in a nut shell2 顺序对应原则 (针对细节题：时间，地点，人物)3 重复原则 (抓重复频率较高的词做答)4 观点原则he + claim/ argue/ appointment/ maintain/ believe/ state +that……in one“s opinion， from his point of view5 建议原则A 注意段落结尾处的建议B 常出现在段落结尾处的三种建议句型1)Jerry十大常规建议句型2)Just+动原 (祈使句表建议)3)maybe， perhaps， probably引导委婉语气表建议C建议句型的三种最新变化1)if从句虚拟语气表建议2)同B 3)3)同B 2)6 比较原则as……as， similar to， different from， original， compare to， contract相信能就一定能（本文来自朗阁教育托福培训考试教研组，供广大考生学习使用，转载请注明出处）X。
托福考试必须掌握的十个语法概念
托福考试必须掌握的十个语法概念托福考试所考的非常具体的内容值得花一些时间去复习。
要做好结构的多项选择试题和写好作文，就必须掌握以下的十个概念。
1)形容词2)副词3)比较4)措辞错误5)双重否定6)不完整句子7)并列结构8)介词和介词短语9)代词指代10)主谓一致形容词形容词修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
形容词是修饰回答像"what kind of"或"which?"或"whose?"这类的问题。
不要混淆形容词和副词，副词通常是以-ly结尾的，而极少形容词以-ly结尾。
1)以-ly结尾的形容词:friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly.2)以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词:daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early.副词副词通常修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。
(它也可以修饰另一个副词或一个形容词，但是这种情况征托福考试里是比较少见的。
)副词经常回答"how?"1、正确的位置：1）在动词之前；在be动词、助动词之后。
2）有多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。
3）方式副词well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。
He speaks English well.2、其他注意：1）副词very 可修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。
(错) I very like English.(对) I like English very much.2）副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
比较当比较两个事物时，用-er形式(bigger)或者用修饰词less和more。
当比较多于两个以上的事物时，用-est形式(biggest)或者做most(most amazing)和least这样的词。
雅思作文十大原则
雅思作文十大原则
《雅思作文十大原则》
哎呀呀，说起雅思作文啊，那可有好多要注意的呢！这十大原则可真的是超级重要哇！
就说有一次我去参加一个英语演讲比赛，那可真是让我深刻体会到了其中的一些原则呢。
当时我准备得还挺充分的，觉得自己肯定没问题。
可是一上台啊，我就有点紧张了，结果说话就有点乱了。
这时候我才意识到，第一个原则就是要保持冷静呀，不能一紧张就啥都忘了。
就像我当时，一慌神，原本准备好的精彩内容都差点说不出来了。
然后呢，在写雅思作文的时候，一定要把自己的观点表达清楚，不能模棱两可的。
就像那次演讲，如果我能更明确地说出自己的想法，而不是含含糊糊的，效果肯定会更好呀。
还有哇，用词要准确，不能乱用一些自己都不确定的词。
我记得有一次写作文，我就想用个高级点的词，结果用错了，闹了笑话呢。
再有就是结构要清晰，不能东一榔头西一棒子的。
就像建房子，得有个稳固的框架才行。
细节也很重要呀，不能只是泛泛而谈。
就像描述一件事情，要把各种小细节都描绘出来，这样才能让读者有身临其境的感觉。
语法也不能出错呀，不然会让人觉得你的英语水平不行呢。
还有逻辑要通顺，不能前言不搭后语的。
要多举例子，这样才能让自己的观点更有说服力。
注意字数要求，不能太多也不能太少。
最后，一定要认真检查，可别犯一些低级错误。
总之呢，这雅思作文的十大原则真的就像我的宝贝一样，我可得牢牢记住，以后写作文的时候就不会出错啦！哈哈！。
雅思写作基础段十大原则
雅思写作基础段十大原则翻译1. 举办奥运会能增加国家收入,创造更多的就业机会; Hosting the Olympic Games can increase the government revenue and create more employment opportunities.2. 旅游业的发展对当地的经济有积极的影响;The development of tourism exerts positive influence on the local economy.3. 旅游业的发展刺激经济的增长,通过产生大量的就业机会和增加外汇收入;The development of tourism stimulates economic growth by generating enormous employment opportunities and increasing foreign exchange earnings.4. 政府的首要职责是帮助人民消除贫困,疾病和文盲; The primary responsibility of a government is to help its people eliminate poverty, disease, and illiteracy.5. 改善人民的福利是政府的责任;Improving people’s welfare is the government’s obligation.6. 许多人强烈反对太空探索,因为他们认为对于发展中国家而言,这是个奢侈和浪费的做法;Many people are strongly against space research because they think it is an extravagant and wasteful project for developing countries.7. 许多人还苦苦挣扎在贫困线上,缺乏食物和栖身之所;为什么不用有限的资金帮助他们脱贫呢Many people are struggling at the poverty line, lacking food and shelter. Why not use the limited public funds to help them alleviate poverty8. 接受正规教育对于贫困地区的小孩而言是一种奢侈的梦想;It is a luxurious dream for children in the poverty-stricken area to receive formal education.9. 送小孩出国留学对于不少家庭来说是个沉重的经济负担;Sending children to study abroad is a heavy financial burden on many families.10. 艺术资助对于许多发展中国家而言是个奢侈的做法;Art funding is a luxurious practice to many developing countries.11. 廉价航空旅行会耗费更多的燃料并增加污染;Cheap air travel consumes more fuel and causes more pollution.12. 老龄化人口会给社会和政府带来沉重的负担;An ageing population can put heavy burdens on society and the government.13. 人口的老龄化也很可能增加年轻一代人当中的失业率;Population ageing is also likely to increase the unemployment rate among the younger generation. 14. 过高的老年人口比例很可能会造成劳动力短缺,阻碍经济的发展;A higher proportion of elderly people in the population is also likely to cause labour shortages and hinder economic growth.15. 政府资助艺术家和音乐家的做法其实是滥用纳税人的钱;It is a dissipation of taxpayers’ money for the government to subsidize artists and musicians,有些电视节目非常吸引人,令人分心,使不少小孩很难专心学习;Some TV programs are so tempting and distracting thatmany children can hardly focus on their study.应该教育学生克制住自己不要沉迷于网上聊天,因为他们的任务是学习;Students should be taught to refrain themselves from chatting online because their main task is study.兼职占用学生宝贵的时间,影响他们的学习;Taking a part-time job takes up students’ valuable time and affects their study.为了兼职赚钱,有些学生甚至逃课,严重影响学业;In order to earn some money by taking up a part-time job, some students even skip classes and their academic performance is seriously affected.电视机帮助人们打发时间,驱除孤独;TV helps people to kill time and drive off their loneliness. 比起火车和长途汽车旅行,廉价航空旅行帮游客节省了大量的时间;这意味着游客有更多的时间和精力去享受旅游景点;Compared with a journey by train or by coach, low-cost flights save tourists a great deal of time. This means that they can have more time and energy to enjoy the attractions that they wish to visit.家长应该限制孩子们每天看电视的时间在1-2小时以内并且鼓励他们积极参加体育运动和社会活动; Parents should limit children’s TV viewing to one to two hours a day and encourage them to actively participate in sports and social activities.例如,通过在线会议,商务人士可以省时间并且避免旅行开支;For example, by having online meetings, business people can save time and avoid travel costs.手机和因特网一方面提高了工作效率,但另一方面他们减少了人们和他们关心的人在一起的时间;Mobile phones and the Internet have increased work efficiency on one hand, but on the other hand they have reduced the time people spent with those they care about.1. 应该对私家车进行限制,因为汽车排放许多有毒气体;Private cars should be restricted because cars emit many toxic gases.2. 吃太多的快餐有害健康,因为快餐含有太多的脂肪、糖分和热量;Eating too much fast food is physically damaging,because fast food contains too much fat, sugar and calorie.3. 过分沉迷于电脑游戏会导致近视和肥胖; Overindulgence in computer games contributes to myopia and obesity.4. 由于环境不断恶化,许多城市居民患有多种呼吸道疾病;Due to the deteriorating environment, many city dwellers suffer from some respiratory diseases.5. 体育锻炼有利于人们减压;Physical exercise helps people to ease their mental strain.6. 我们应该摈弃一些不良的生活习惯,如烟酒过度、暴饮暴食等;We should do away with bad living habits such as excessive drinking and smoking and overeating.7. 垃圾问题对人们的健康构成潜在威胁,因为垃圾含有各种各样的细菌、病毒,并且传播多种流行性疾病; The rubbish problem poses potential risks to people’s health because trash contains all kinds of germs and transmits a number of epidemic diseases.电视和互联网使人们和朋友疏远了,因为现在人们缺乏与朋友面对面的交流;TV and the Internet alienate people from their friends because people nowadays lack adequate face-to-face communication with their friends/peers.国际旅游业的发展可能导致国与国之间关系紧张的加剧;The development of international tourism may contribute to greater tension between nations.3．体罚伤感情,这样把家长和小孩疏远开了; Corporal punishment is emotionally detrimental, which alienates parents from their children.4. 通过远程教育接受教育的人缺乏许多必要的人际交往能力,容易变得以自我为中心和内向;Those who receive education through tele-education lack many essential interpersonal skills and tend to be self-centered and introverted.5. 过早送小孩去托儿所会伤害感情,因为缺乏父母关爱的小孩往往觉得孤独和沮丧;Sending a child to a nursery at an early stage is emotionally harmful ,because children who lack parental care and love tend to feel isolated and depressed.6. 在家上班远程办公会使人产生疏远的感觉,而且在家上班的人可能变得对人冷漠,缺乏强烈的团队精神; Telecommuting creates a sense of estrangement among individuals and telecommuters may become indifferent to others and lack a strong team spirit.7. 全职太太经常觉得孤独,情绪低落和受挫;Full-time housewives often feel isolated, depressed and frustrated.8. 如果老人住到敬老院,他们会觉得自己没价值了,被家人遗弃了,同时感到绝望;If old people are sent to live in a nursing house, they tend to feel useless, deserted by their family and hopeless.9. 由于缺乏情感交流,误会产生了,有时甚至导致一个家庭的破裂;For lack of emotional exchanges, misunderstanding arises and sometime leads to the breakup of a family. 10. 由于缺乏对当地风俗和传统的了解,游客和当地人交流时可能会发生冲突; \For lack of adequate knowledge of the local customs and traditions, some disputes may arise when tourists communicate with the locals.远程教育导致一系列的心理问题,如自闭、焦虑和抑郁; Tele-education results in a series of psychological problems such as withdrawal, anxiety and depression.当他们尝试适应一个新的环境的时候, 小孩会感到无助和想家;Children will feel helpless and homesick when they attempt to adjust to a new environment.1 培养小孩独立性和自信心的最佳办法是给他们一份兼职工作;The best way to foster children’s independence and self-confidence is to give them a part-time job.2 改进教学质量的非常有效的方法是鼓励学生批评和评价他们的老师;A very effective way to improve teaching quality is to encourage students to criticize and evaluate their teachers.3 人们普遍认为教育对个人发展与社会的良好运行都起着至关重要的作用;be of vital importance, well-being It is generally believed that education is of vital importance to individual development and well-being of society.4 看太多电视对智力发展有害,换句话说,它限制了创造力和想象力;Too much TV viewing is intellectually damaging; in other words, it kills creativity and imagination.5 很明显的是,父母的行为对孩子的世界观有直接的影响;It is clear/obvious/apparent that parents’ behavior has a direct impact on children’ s world view.6不可否认的是教育在可持续社会发展中起着重要的作用;There is no denying that education plays an important role in the sustainable social development.7 经常沉迷于电视的小孩不懂区分现实和虚幻;distinguish…..from….., reality, fantasyA child who often revels in TV can not distinguish/tell reality from fantasy.1. 我反对死刑的第一个原因是它侵犯了人的生命权; Why I do not support having the death penalty is that it violates the right of subsistence.2. 动物实验是种野蛮和不文明的做法,它剥夺了动物的生存权;Animal testing is a cruel and uncivilized practice that deprives animals of their right of subsistence.新闻审查制度剥夺了我们的知情权;Censorship deprives us of the right to know the truth.鼓励妇女回家做全职太太是很荒唐的想法,它剥夺妇女工作的权利,是性别歧视;Encouraging females to go back home to be full-time housewives is a very ridiculous idea which deprives women of their basic right to work, and is a sort of sexual discrimination.5. 体罚侵犯小孩的人权,影响他们的身心健康; Corporal punishment violates children ‘s human righ ts and affects their physical and mental health.公共场合安装摄像机是对个人隐私的公然侵犯;The installation of cameras in public areas is a brazen infringement of one’s privacy我同意中央政府、地方政府和每个公民都应该对环境保护负责的观点;I agree with the view that the central government, the local government and citizens all have responsibility for environmental protection.不可否认的是,飞机旅行产生空气污染,在某种程度上对全球气候变化负有责任;There is no denying that air travel generates air pollution, which is to some extent responsible for global climate changes.当今主要问题之一是,诸如煤炭和石油之类的天然能源显然正在被快速耗尽,并且它们是不可再生的;One of today’s major problems is that natural energy resources such as coal and oil are apparently running out quickly and are not renewable.对资源的需求增加引起大范围的伐木和采矿,这些都是水土流失的主要原因;The stronger demand for resources leads to extensive logging and mining, which are the main causes of soil erosion.5. 工业废料未经过滤就倾倒到河流里,污染了河流,给附近的居民带来巨大的危害;The industrial waste is dumped into rivers without being filtered, thus contaminating the rivers and bringing great harm to the residents nearby.政府可以对不环保的产品课以重税然后用税收去资助环境项目;The government can impose high tax penalties on environmentally-damaging products, and then use the tax to fund environmental pollution. 7. 栖息地的破坏使许多动物无家可归,成为濒危物种;Habitat destruction makes many species of animals1. 政府努力保护好濒危的语言是至关重要的;It is of great significance for a government to make efforts to conserve endangered culture and language. 2. 旅游业有助于保护城市的历史文化遗产;Tourism helps to preserve the city’s historical and cultural heritage.3. 大量涌入旅游景点的游客对文物的保护构成潜在的威胁;Too many tourists flooding the tourist attractions also pose potential risks to the preservation of cultural relics.4. 全球一体化对土着文化和语言的保护构成潜在,因为正如我们所知, 跨文化交际越越频繁,文化同化和渗透是不可避免的;Globalization poses potential risks to the preservation of aboriginal culture and language, because we know crow-cultural communication is becoming increasingly frequent and cultural assimilation and penetration is inevitable.5. 除了文化价值之外,传统艺术还有重要的教育价值;他们帮助年轻人理解自己国家的风俗与历史;Apart from cultural value, traditional arts also have significant educational value. They help young people to understand the customs and history of their country.6.多元化社会有一系列的经济、文化与社会优势;A multicultural society has a range of economic, cultural and social advantages.多元化社会的另一个经济优势是很多人会双语甚至是多语种;Another economic benefit of a multiculturalsociety is that many people are bilingual or even multilingual.政府和学校应采取措施来防止小语种的消失;extinction ,minority languagesGovernments and schools should take some measures to prevent the extinction of minority languages.我认为政府应该对互联网实施新闻审查,因为网上有不少暴力色情材料,对青少年的身心发展带来负面的影响;I believe that the government should impose censorship on the Internet, because there is much violence and pornography on the Internet which exerts adverse effects on teenagers’ physical and mental health.2. 成迷于暴力游戏和电视节目会导致暴力行为; Indulgence in violent games and TV shows leads to violent acts.3.小孩子有机会通过互联网接触到淫秽物品,甚至在媒体的负面影响下误入歧途;Children have access to obscene material via the Internet and even go astray under the negative influence of the mass media.4.小孩子缺乏恰当的自控和自律能力,他们很容易沉迷于网上冲浪;Children lack adequate self-control and self-discipline, and they are likely to indulge themselves in net surfing. 毒品的诱惑力太大了,不少人抵挡不住它的诱惑而沉迷与其中;Drugs are so alluring that few people can resist the temptation and are obsessed with drugs.如果政府能都为人们提供更好而且价格更容易承担教育和就业培训,并且通过改善经济来增加就业机会,那么贫困与犯罪也会减少;If the government provides people with better and more affordable education and job training, and creates more employment opportunities by improving the economy, poverty and crime rates will also decline.。
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定语从句（道德类核心词汇）1.对不能抵抗的动物进行实验是不道德的。
Key words: resist, morally wrong2.在家庭和工作之间寻找平衡的职业妇女会感到进退两难。
Key words: career women, dilemma3.家长必须教育孩子不要模仿某些某些是负面榜样的明星。
Key words: imitate, negative role model4.不成熟的青少年容易盲从并误入歧途。
Key words: follow like sheep, go astray5.知道真相的病人可能会失去活下去的勇气。
Key words: truth, the courage to survive6.有孝心的孩子不会让自己的父母住到敬老院去。
Key words: with obedience, nursing home7.不少人坚信堕胎导致社会道德败坏。
Key words: abortion, corruption of social ethics8.雇主更愿意雇用那些重视诚信和忠心的员工。
Key words: integrity, loyalty9.作为最常用的电子设备，电脑经常被利用来做犯罪工具。
Key words: electronic facility, crime tool10.众所周知，安乐死是让病人和他们的家人迅速摆脱痛苦的方法。
Key words: euthanasia, get rid of1、人们可以在家上班，以避免交通阻塞以及拥挤的公共交通。
Key words: traffic jam, public transport2、在家工作让人们可以花更多时间提高个人能力和接受教育。
Key words: personal skills3、跳槽是和不同的人一起工作的一种渴望，一种对承担不同工作职责的渴望，一种住在不同城市的渴望。
Key words: job-hopping, yearning4、经常跳槽的人的诚信和忠诚容易受到质疑。
Key words: integrity, loyalty, be prone to, doubt5、如果你是一位癌症患者的医生，你忍心告诉他真相，还是保守秘密？Key words: have the heart, keep…a secret6、尽管说白色谎言是出于良好的目的，但说谎还是不诚实、不道德的。
Key words: out of good intentions, dishonest, immoral7、承重的工作压力会导致身心健康、工作效率和生活质量一起下降。
Key words: work stress,mental and physical health, working efficiency, life quality8、对老人实行强迫退休制度是对他们工作权利的侵犯。
Key words: impose…on…, mandatory retirement, the right to work9、看太多电视节目会对孩子的智力发展造成伤害。
Key words: intellectual growth, cause damage to10、商业广告中充斥各种误导人、欺骗人的信息。
Key words: flood, misleading, cheating1、统计数字显示旅游业有助于满足文化需求、弘扬民族文化、实现可持续发展。
Key words: meet cultural demands, carry forward national culture, realize the sustainable development2、据报道，旅游业提供全世界收入的10%，雇佣全世界劳动力的1/10。
Key words: workforce3、文化保护取决于许多难以控制的因素。
Key words: depend on, complicated factors4、政府有必要、有义务帮组并维持一种鼓励思想自由的氛围。
Key words: create, sustain, climate, freedom of thought5、濒危语言就是那些因为科技进步或文化同化而慢慢消失的语言。
Key words: endangered, technological advances, cultural assimilation6、随着全球经济、文化逐渐一体化，文化遗产正在加快消失，这个问题在发展中国家尤为严重。
Key words: economic and cultural globalization, cultural legacy7、专家估计，随着英语全球化，世界上有一半语言会在100年内消失。
Key words: English globalization, extinct8、我们把传统食品的消失视为快餐文化成功进入中国的一个标志。
Key words: fast food culture9、在跨国婚姻中，人们因为要面临文化差异，会感到更孤独，所以必须要有充分心理准备。
Key words: international marriage,cultural difference, isolated10、追求潮流的人认为不应该鼓励穿传统服装，因为这些服装已经过时。
Key words: fashion followers, traditional costumes, out-of date1、动物园也是理想的研究中心，在那里科学家找出疾病的原因。
Key words: ideal, conduct scientific experiments2、有些人选择吃素，这样就可以减少动物的痛苦Key words: have a vegetarian diet, animal suffering3、虽然在动物园里保护濒危物种有些问题，但是我们已经尽力了。
Key words: there is some problem with, conserve, endangered species4、我们应该好好对待野生动植物，因为他们是生态系统中不可缺少的一部分。
Key words: the wildlife, indispensable, ecosystem5、无论动物实验有什么样好处，都不可以被接受。
Key words: animal testing, unacceptable6、斗牛和斗狗非常残忍，人们把它们视为野蛮、不文明的运动。
Key words: bull fighting, dog fighting, barbaric, uncivilized7、如果一个孩子学会友善、耐心的对待宠物，那么他也能学会这样对人。
Key words: kindly, patiently, treat, in the same way8、养宠物有伤感情，因为人们会忽略家庭成员的感情需求。
Key words: emotionally detrimental, neglect, emotional needs9、人类活动严重危害动物的栖息地，所以如果动物继续呆在栖息地，就会面临灭绝的危险。
Key words: human activities, animal habitats, extinction10、自从达尔文提出了适者生存这一原则，剥削动物的人就找到了借口。
Key words: Darwin, the principle of Survival of the Fittest, exploit定语从句（道德类核心词汇）解析1.It is morally wrong that experiments are conducted on animals which cannot resist.2.Career women who try to find a balance between their family and career will be caught in a dilemma.3.Parents should educate children not to imitate some stars who are negative role models.4.Teenagers who are immature are likely to follow like sheep and go astray.5.Patients who know the truth are likely to lose the courage to survive.6.Children with obedience will not allow their children to live in a nursing home.7.Quite a few people firmly believe that abortion leads to corruption.8.Employers are more willing to employ employees who attach importance to integrity and loyalty.puters, which are the most frequently used electronic facility, are used as crime tools.10.It is well known that euthanasia is the way for patients and their families to get rid of pain quickly.非谓语动词（生活类核心词汇）解析1.People can work at home to avoid traffic jam and crowded public transportation.2.Telework enables people to spend more time improving personal skills and education.3.Job hopping is a yearning for working with different people, shouldering different job responsibilities and living in different cities.4.Frequent job-hoppers' integrity and loyalty are prone to be doubted.5.If you are the doctor of a cancer patient, do you have the heart to tell him the truth or keep it a secret?6.Though telling white lies is out of good intentions, lies are still dishonest and immoral.7.Heavy working pressure leads to the decrease in mental and physical health,working efficiency and life quality.8.To impose mandatory retirement on the elderly is to violate their right to work.9.Too much TV viewing causes damage to children's intellectual growth.10.All kinds of misleading and cheating information flood commercial advertisement.名词性从句（文化类核心词汇）解析1.Statistics show that tourism helps meet cultural demands, carry forward national culture and realize the sustainable development.2.It is reported that tourism provides 10% of the world's income and employs one tenth of the world's workforce.3.Cultural protection depends on many complicated factors which are hard to control.4.The government has the obligation to sustain an atmosphere which encourages freedom of thought.5.Endangered languages are those which disappear slowly due to technological advances or cultural assimilation.6.Along with economic and cultural globalization, cultural legacy is disappearing, which is especially serious in developing countries.7.Experts estimate that, with English globalization, half of the world's languages will die out in 100 years.8.Disappearance of traditional food is a symbol that the fast food culture succeeds.9.Facing cultural differences, people feel more isolated in international marriages; therefore people should be psychologically prepared.10.Fashion followers believe that wearing traditional costumes should not be encouraged because they are already out of date状语从句（动物类核心词汇）解析1.Zoos are the ideal research center where scientists find causes for diseases.2.Some people choose to have a vegetarian diet so that animal suffering can be reduced.3.Although there is some problem with conserving endangered species in zoos, we have tried our best.4.We should treat the wildlife kindly because they are an indispensable part of the ecosystem.5.No matter what benefits animal test has, it is unacceptable.6.Bull fighting and dog fighting are so cruel that people consider them barbaric and uncivilized sports.7.If a child learns how to treat pets kindly and patiently, he/she will treat people in the same way.8.Pet-raising is emotional needs.9.Human activities impair animal habitats seriously,so animals will face extinction if they keep staying in the habitats.10.Since Darwin proposed the principle of Survival of the Fittest, people who exploit animals have found their excuses.。