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仿真模拟卷01-2022年福建省普通高中化学学业水平合格性考试(学考)考前集训(解析版)(1)

福建省普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷(一)化学第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共40分)一、选择题(本题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分。

每小题只有1个选项符合题意)1.市场上销售的“84”消毒液,其商品标识上注明:①本品为无色液体,呈碱性;②使用时应加水稀释;③可对餐具、衣物进行消毒,可漂白浅色衣物。

其有效成分可能是()A.Cl2B.H2SO4C.NaClOD.KMnO4答案C解析:氯水和硫酸都为酸性溶液,不符合;KMnO4呈紫色,与题中无色不符;“84”消毒液主要成分为NaClO,溶液显碱性,且具有漂白性和强氧化性,故选C。

2.下列物质中含有共价键的是()A.Na2OB.H2OC.CaOD.MgO答案B解析:氧化钠属于离子化合物,只存在离子键,故A错误;水属于共价化合物,含有共价键,故B正确;氧化钙属于离子化合物,只存在离子键,故C错误;氧化镁属于离子化合物,只存在离子键,故D错误。

3.我国化工专家侯德榜所创立的“侯氏制碱法”誉满全球。

“侯氏制碱法”的碱广泛用于玻璃、造纸、制皂、纺织工业,该碱是指()A.NaOHB.Na2CO3C.NaHCO3D.K2CO3答案：B解析:侯氏制碱法是利用CO2、NaCl、NH3得到NaHCO3,加热后得到产品Na2CO3。

4.光纤通信是一种现代化的通信手段,制造光导纤维的主要原料是()A.CaCO3B.SiC.Na2CO3D.SiO2答案D解析:SiO2的主要用途就是制造光导纤维,所以选D。

5.下列说法中正确的是()A.1 mol O的质量是16 g/molB.NaCl的摩尔质量是58.5 g/molC.CO2的相对分子质量为44,1 mol CO2的质量为44 g/molD.将40 g NaOH溶于1 L水中,所得溶液中NaOH的物质的量浓度为1 mol/L答案B解析:O的摩尔质量为16 g/mol,1 mol O的质量是16 g,故A错误;摩尔质量以g/mol为单位,数值上等于其相对分子质量,NaCl的摩尔质量是58.5 g/mol,故B正确;1 mol CO2的质量为44 g,二氧化碳的摩尔质量为44 g/mol,故C错误;40 g NaOH物质的量为1 mol,溶于水配成1 L溶液,溶质的物质的量浓度为1 mol/L,体积1 L 应是溶液体积,不是溶剂的体积,故D错误。

2023年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真试卷(一)2

★绝密考试结束前2023年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海春考英语仿真模拟试卷（一）I.Listening Comprehension SectionA（第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a concert. B. At a restaurant. C. At an art museum.D. At a flower shop2. A Her old classmate. B.Her husband. C. Her private doctor. D. Her son's teacher3. A SI0. B. $8 C.S18. D.$124. A.Brother and sister B.Doctor and patientC.Teacher and studentD.Interviewer and interviewee5. A She is afraid of getting fat B.She enjoys ice-creamC.She is much too thinD. She doesn't care for ice-cream6. A. A pair of trousers B.A suit. C. A coat. D. A blouse7. A. The woman should have complained to her neighborB. The woman should stay out until the neighbors are quietC The woman should have stayed at the library.D. The lab will be a better place.8. A. The man couldn't wait to see Susan.B. Susan is eager to pass the information she knowsC. Susan talks to people only on the phoneD. The man always knows the latest news in town9. A. She doesn't mind it as the road conditions are good.B. She is tired of driving in heavy traffic.C. She is unhappy to have to drive such a long way every dayD. She enjoys it because she's good at driving.10. A. It was hard to get rid of the salesmanB. The products that the salesman was selling were not good.C. The salesman kept making stops on the wayD. It was a waste of time to talk about the products.Section BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To introduce the tourist site. B. To inform the rules of tourists.C. To attract more tourists.D. To welcome the tourists.12. A. Warm clothes and some belts. B.Warm clothes and sunglasses.C.Sunglasses and fireworks.D. Sunglasses and climbing sticks.13. A. 14 kilometers. B.4.8 kilometers.C. 4.2 kilometers.D. 4.9 kilometers.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14. A. Use library facilities. B.Library regulations.C. Library personnel.D. Location of the library.15. A. Book publishers. B.Librarians.C. Returning faculty members.D. New university students.16. A. 1,000,000 volumes(卷,册). B.Over 1,00,000 volumes.C.1,000 volumes.D. Over 110,000 volumes.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The possible existence of life on other planets.B. Methods for building powerful new telescopes.C. A technical problem that astronomers can't solveD. The discovery of planets orbiting distant stars.18. A. They studied variations in the appearance of the parent stars.B. They were able to see the planets with a telescope.C. They compared the parent stars to the Sun.D. They sent astronauts on a mission into space19. A. Their surface features. B. Their chemical composition.C. Their temperature.D. Their age.20.A. All the stars are orbited by their own planets.B. We currently have a telescope that can be used to see other planetsC. By a very direct method,the astronomers measured subtle distortions.D. By a very indirect method,the astronomers measured subtle distortions.II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Video Games Foster Creativity?Video games that foster creative freedom can increase creativity under certain conditions, according to new research from Iowa State University. The experimental study compared the effect f playing Mine-craft, with or without instruction, to watching a TV show or playing a race video game. Those ____21____ (give) the freedom to play Mine-craft without instruction were most creative.“It’s not just that Mine-craft can help induce creativity. There seems to be something about choosing to do it that also matters,” said Douglas Gentile, a professor of psychology.____22____ you are not familiar with the game, Gentile says Mine-craft is like a virtual Lego world. The game, which has sold more than 100 million copies, allows players to explore unique worlds and create anything they can imagine. Study participants randomly assigned to play Mine-craft were split into two groups. The one receiving instruction was told to play as creatively as possible.After 40 minutes of play or watching TV, the 352 participants completed several creativity tasks. ____23____ (measure) creative production, they were asked to draw a creature from a world much different than Earth. More human like creature scored low for creativity and those less human-like scored high. Surprisingly, those instructed to be creative while playing Mine-craft were the ____24____ (creative).Gentile says there’s no clear explanation for this finding. In the paper published by Creativity Research Journal, he, Jorge Blanco-Herrera, lead author and former master’s student in psychology: and Jeffrey Rokkum,former Ph. D. student in psychology, outlined possible reasons why the instructed Mine-craft group scored lower. Blanco-Herrera says the instructions may have changed subjects’ motivation for play.“____25____ (tell) to be creative may have actually limited their options while playing, resulting in a less creative experience,” Blanco-Herrera said. “It’s also possible they used all their ‘creative juices’ while playing and had ____26____ left when it came time to complete the test.”Video games can have both harmful and beneficial effects. Gentile’s previous research has shown the amount, content and context and video games ____27____(influence) what players learn through repeated experiences. ____28____ much of Gentile’s research has focused on aggression or pro-social behavior, he says the same appears to be true for creativity.Most video games encourage players to practice some level of creativity. For example, players may create a character and story for role-playing games or be rewarded for creative strategies in competitive games. The researchers say even first-person shooter games ____29____ potentially inspire creativity as players think about strategy and look for advantages in combat.“The research is starting to tell a more interesting, nuanced picture. Our results are similar to other gaming research ____30____ ________ you get better at what you practice, but how you practice might matter just as much, ” Gentile said.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than youneed.Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes(酶)in the automobile to monitor ____31____ and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what The New York Times calls “Metal-hungry microbes(微生物)that might be used to ____32____ valuable trace metals from ocean water.” They have already demanded and won the right to patent new life forms.Nervous ____33____, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific competition in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills” that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and ____34____ release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and ____35____scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger(动摇)the imagination.Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby ____36____ the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating pilots with faster reaction time or assembly-line workers ____37____ to do our monotonous work for us? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate “unfit” babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a “savings bank” full of ____38____ kidneys, livers or hands?Wild as these notions may sound, everyone has its ____39____ (and opposers) in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God? “Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, automobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes ____40____ practical, a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created.”III.Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)SectionADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits thecontext.Deliberation is not always the best optionHumans have developed over millions of years of evolution to respond to certain situations without thinking too hard. If your ancestors ___41___ movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later. At the same time, the ___42___ to analyse and to plan is part of what distinguishes people from other animals.The question of when to trust your gut(直觉)and when to test your ___43___—whether to think fast or slow, in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist—___44___ in the office as much as it does in the savannah(大草原).Deliberative thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Strategic changes and budget discussions are built on rounds of meetings, memos, formulas and presentations. Processes are increasingly designed to ___45___ instinctive responses. From blind screening of job applicants to using “red-teaming” techniques to pick apart a firm’s plans, precision ___46___ instinct.Yet instinct also has its place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and inherently(固有的)less ___47___ to analysis. Does a marketing campaign capture the ___48___ of your company, say, orwould this person work well with other people in a team? In ___49___ customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.Gut instincts can also be ____50____. Plenty of research has shown that intuition becomes more unfailing with experience. In one well-known experiment, conducted in 2012, volunteers were asked to ____51____ whether a selection of designer handbags were fake or real. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate over their decision. Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it ____52____ analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instincts tend to be.____53____, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. Instinctive decision-making is often the only way to get through the day. Researchers at Cornell University once estimated that people make over 200 decisions a day about food alone. The workplace is ____54____ but a succession of choices, a few big and many small: what to ____35____, when to intervene, whom to avoid in the lifts and, now, where to work each day.41. A. uncoveredB. spottedC. blockedD. encountered42. A. capacityB. motiveC. reluctanceD. urge43. A. consultationB. anticipationC. assumptionsD. reaction44. A. integratesB. mattersC. worksD. abuses45. A. bring outB. pick outC. make outD. stamp out46. A. equalsB. comprisesC. beatsD. boosts47. A. manageableB. adaptableC. familiarD. sensitive48. A. attentionB. opportunityC. statusD. essence49. A. roughB. toughC. nervousD. neutral50. A. improvedB. copiedC. transferredD. weakened51. A. ensureB. extinguishC. clarifyD. assess52. A. undertookB. outperformedC. facilitatedD. paralleled53. A. LikewiseB. HoweverC. ConsequentlyD. Moreover54. A. anythingB. somethingC. nothingD. everything55. A. cooperateB. prioritizeC. convinceD. striveSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits bestaccording to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I had always been one of those quiet boys who preferred dreams to the real world. I was, in addition, absurdly shy, and therefore often mistaken for a fool, which upset me deeply. For nothing terrified me more than the prospect of correcting a false impression. Though I was often blamed by mistakes made by my classmates, I never dare to say a word in self-defense. I would simply go home to hide in a corner and cry. My greatest pleasure was to sit alone, reading, and let my thoughts drift away in the stories.My daydreams were in sharp contrast to real life; they were full of adventures and heroic deeds. They left marks on me. There was, for instance, a book about the history of the Roman Empire, in which an ambassador, while negotiating a treaty, was told that he was to accept the terms offered, on pain of death: his response was to plunge his arm into a fire and continue with his deliberations, in absolute calm. Inspired by his courage, I proceeded to test my own powers of resilience by plunging my own hand into the fire, only to burn my fingers badly. I can still see that ambassador, smiling calmly through his pain. Father hated my reading all the time, and sometimes he threw away my books. Some nights he refused to let me turn on the light in my bedroom. But I could always find a way, and after he caught me reading by the light of a string-wick lamp, he gave up and left me to it.There was a time when I tried my hand at writing; indeed, I even made a few little poems, but I quickly abandoned my efforts. No matter what I had bottled up inside me, I was extremely anxious about letting it out, and so my adventures in writing ended. I did, however, carry on painting. There was, I thought, no risk of revealing anything personal. I just took something from the outside world and brought it to life on paper. Sometimes I did hide some personal expression in it, but I made sure that it was visible enough to be seen and trivial enough to be ignored. The first time I showed my painting to my father, he was caught in silence for a while and then he breathed deeply, and said: “My son finally made something.” Then here I am, as a teacher at the Academy of Fine Arts, wondering how everything happened, from my daydreams to painting.56. The sentence “They left marks on me.” (in paragraph 2) means ________.A. daydreams did nothing but hurt the writer badlyB. daydreams influenced the writer's behavior in real lifeC. the writer had lasting memory of the books he readD. the writer couldn't distinguish books form reality57. The writer gave up writing because ________.A. it was not as interesting as readingB. he was too shy to reveal his inner worldC. he couldn't write good worksD. his father didn't like him writing58. Throughout the passage what can we learn about the writer's father?A. He was impressed with his son's paintingB. He didn't like the personality of his son.C. He was touched by his son's persistence in reading.D. He had a high expectation of his son in writing.59. The passage is mainly about ________.A. the power of readingB. the writer's adventurous daydreamsC. reflection on the start of a careerD. the efforts made to be painter(B)“Essential oils can have a major impact on your mood and health. When you apply an oil to your skin, it affects your physical state. When you inhale them, it affects your mental state,” says the “grande dame” of aromatherapy Jeanne Rose, author of The Aromatherapy Book: Applications and Inhalations.A few drops of eucalyptus on your skin will help heal a burn and smelling a pine tree might make you think of childhood Christmases. There are no rules for how to inhale oils. You can put a few drops on a tissue, or add some to water to spritz around the room or use in a diffuser(喷雾器)or vaporizer.Be very careful, however, when applying oils to the skin. Always dilute them in another oil, like palm, coconut or olive to prevent burns or allergic reactions.“A rule of thumb is 15 drops per one ounce of cream, oil or lotion,”says Sylla Sheppard-Hanger, the founder and director of Atlantic institute of Aromatherapy in Tampa, Florida.60. What kind of readers is likely to buy The Aromatherapy Book: Applications and Inhalations?A. Gardeners who provides raw materials for manufacturers of essential oils.B. Researchers dedicated to inventing new essential oils to keep people in good health.C. Common people hoping to improve health condition with essential oils.D.Psychotherapist seeking treatments for serious mental and physical disorders.61. What is the appropriate way of using essential oils?A. Spritz the oil directly around a room.B. Mix them with cream in proportion.C. Smell the fragrance from the bottle.D. Apply oils to treat skin allergy.62. The oils that can relieve your symptom of bad cold are ________.A. peppermint oilsB. conifer oilsC. citrus oilsD. spruce oils(C)By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changeskey characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”63. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.64. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant.D. Unnoticeable.65. What can we infer from the passage?A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.B. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to avoid phytoplankton changes.C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.66. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.Section CDirections: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The explosion of new media, ranging from the internet to digital television, means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention in the future. _________67_________ No longer will all members be watching the same programme: some will be watching different channels on their own TVs, surfing the net or doing both at the same time. The advertising industry will have to work “harder and smarter” to cut through the “mess” of the future with a wide range of new media, all competing to catch the consumers’ eyes.People have become more individual in their consumption of advertising. New technology has made experimenting with new forms of advertising possible. The monologue where the advertisement tells housewives that this is the washing powder they should buy is just a cliché (陈词滥调) now. _________68_________ There is, consequently, little hope of them surviving for more than another twenty years. A much closer relationship with the consumer is gradually being created.The definition of what constitutes advertising will expand well beyond the conventional mass media. Shopping environments will themselves become a part of the advertising process. Increasingly, they will exist not simply to sell goods, but also to entertain people and to make sure that they enjoy their time there. The aim will be to “warm” people towards these places so that they will return to purchase goods there again.In spite of these and other changes, it is highly unlikely that TV, print and radio will disappear altogether as advertising media. _________69_________ But other marketing strategies, such as public relations and direct marketing, will become as important as advertising. Advertising agencies will have to reinvent themselves. They will no longer be able simply to produce advertisements and then support these through PR,direct marketing or the internet. Instead, they will have to change the whole way they look at communication and start thinking about ideas which are not specific to one discipline._________70_________ Originality of thinking has always been in short supply. It will continue to be so in the future. But there will be increasing coston the advertiser’s ability to be imaginative and to think laterally about engaging the consumer in a broader variety of media.IV. Summary Writing (10分)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Absent-mindedness“Most events of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention,” says Dr. Daniel Schacter, a distinguished psychologist and memory scientist. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.”“Encoding,” Schacter explains, “is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later.” Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket of a jacket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget where exactly you put your mobile phone. Your memory itself isn’t failing you. Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.As many people accept, women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that. Yes, visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness. But be sure the cue is clear and available. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox,” says Zelinski, a scientist from New York University. There are many cases in life where women can remember prices of bags of different brands while they tend to forget the specific place where they put their bags.71._______________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation(第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 周末，乡间步道吸引了许多喜爱郊游的家庭。

2020年上海省中考英语仿真考试试卷(一无听力)

2020年上海中考英语仿真模拟卷1Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音，词汇和语法)II．Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ：（共20分）26. Which of the following under lined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A. For all his wealth, he is not happy.B. Go straight ahea d, and you’ll see the hall.C. NO one can lead me by the nose.D. Even dea th couldn’t beat him down.【答案】C27. Look at _______ English-English dictionary on the desk. Do you know whose it is?A. aB. theC. anD. /【答案】B28. That small car doesn't belong to Stella. It's _______.A. meB. myC. mineD. myself【答案】C29. ______ the night of National Day, we had a lovely time with our relatives.A. OnB. AtC. InD. For【答案】A30. Mr. Brown is a well-known professor, _______ he still broke the traffic rules. What a pity!A. butB. soC. orD. as【答案】A31. After class, some students do their homework, ___ talk with each other happily.A. the othersB. otherC. the otherD. others【答案】D32. Remember, the work must be done as _______ as you can.A. carefulB. carefullyC. more carefulD. more carefully【答案】B33. Mr. Lin is _______ work at the moment. Could you call him an hour later?A. inB. atC. onD. to【答案】B34. There ______ be some mistakes! No one called Robert lives here.A. canB. needC. oughtD. must【答案】D35. The Harry Potter books _____ pretty popular since they were published.A. becomeB. are becomingC. will becomeD. have become【答案】D36.A library with five thousand books,______to the nation as a gift.A. is offeredB. has offeredC. are offeredD.have offered【答案】A37.As soon as everyone taking the examination_______,the test paper were______.A. was seated;given upB.seated;given offC.sat;given inD.was seated;given out【答案】D38.The news came as no surprise to me. I_______for some time that the factory was going to shut down.A. had knownB. knewC.have knownD.know【答案】A39.The taxi driver had no choice but_____help.A. to turn the passenger forB.to turn to the passenger forC. turn the passenger forD.turn to the passenger for【答案】B40.On the floor ______the bottle he’d been looking for.A. layB. lyingidD.had lain【答案】A41.Don’t all speak at once!_________,please.A. Each at one timeB. One by one timeC. One at a timeD.One for each time【答案】C42.---______is the population of the town?---Over 20,000.And a third of the population_____workers of the car factory.A.What;areB. How many;areC. What;isD.How many;is【答案】A43.I’m really not clear__________A. that he solved the crime or notB. what happens to the missing vaseC. how long he came to ShanghaiD. who was questioned by the detective【答案】D44.Which of the following sentences is RIGHT?A. Jennifer has bought the book for two weeks.B. He has studied Japanese since 5years.C. They have met and made friends since 2002D. I haven’t met my cousin for ages.【答案】D45.--Jack,I’d like to have your opinions ab out my written report. --______,but I have one suggestion.A.That’s a good idea.B.You are smart.C. It looks fine to meD.You should check it first【答案】C【押题理由】所押题目涵盖中考常考考点，以基础为主，体现中考学业水平考试的特点，部分题目也有一定的难度，需要学生细心答题，有区分度。

2024年1月福建省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷01(参考答案)

福建省2024年普通高中学业水平合格考试英语仿真模拟试卷01·参考答案第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C11．B 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．C 16．B17．A 18．B 19．A 20．C第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．D26．B 27．C 28．A 29．A 30．B31．E 32．F 33．G 34．D 35．B第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30 分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)36．D 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．B 41．A 42．D 43．C 44．D 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．A 50．C第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51．inspiration 52．to exercise 53．for 54．However 55．have been made 56．that/which 57．shorter 58．seems 59．getting 60．positively第四部分书面表达(满分20分)61．The person I admire most is Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.When he was young, he traveled around to study medicine. His medical skills are comprehensive, especially good at surgery. He was the first to use general anesthesia for surgical operations and was honored as the “ancestor of surgery” by later generations.I admire Hua Tuo because he treated many people throughout his life. He was a milestone in Chinese medical field and played an important role in promoting the development of Chinese Medicine.。

2022-2023学年湖北省黄冈市高三下册化学高考仿真模拟试题(一模二模)含解析

2022-2023学年湖北省黄冈市高三下册化学高考仿真模拟试题（一模）本试卷共19题。

全卷满分100分。

考试用时75分钟。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 S 32 K 39 Fe 56 Cu 64Zn 65 Br 80 Ag 108一、选一选：（本题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

）1．化学与生产、生活、科技等密切相关，下列说法错误的是（）A ．北京火炬“飞扬”的外壳由碳纤维复合材料制成，具有“轻、固、美”的特点B ．“雷霆之星”速滑服采用银离子技术，可有效防护细菌侵入C ． 2021年我国科学家在实验室以CO 2为原料合成了淀粉，该成就能为全球气候变化、粮食等人类面临的挑战提供解决手段D ．“天和”核心舱其腔体使用的氮化硼陶瓷基复合材料属于有机高分子合成材料2．下列化学用语使用错误的是（）A ．HBr 的形成过程：B ．SO 2的水溶液能够导电，但SO 2是非电解质C ．离子结构示意图可以表示35Cl -，也可以表示37Cl -D ．D 216O 中，质量数之和是质子数之和的两倍3．我国科研人员发现中药成分黄芩素能明显抑制新冠的活性。

下列有关黄芩素的说确的是（）A ．分子式为15125C H O B ．能与3ΝaHCO 溶液反应C ．分子中含有醚键D ．常温下在空气中很稳定存在4．用N A 表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。

溴蒸气与氨气相遇产生白烟，化学方程式为8NH 3+3Br 2=N 2+6NH 4Br 。

下列说确的是（）A ．当生成29.4gNH 4Br 时，消耗NH 3分子的数目为0.4N A B ．标准状况下，11.2LBr 2参与反应时转移的电子数为N A C ．0.5mol·L -1的NH 4Br 溶液中含有Br -的数目为0.5N A D ．生成14gN 2时，反应中还原剂的分子数目为4N A5．下列实验结果没有能作为相应定律或原理的证据是（）ABC D勒夏特列原理元素周期律盖斯定律阿伏加德罗定律实验方案结果左球气体颜色加深右球气体颜色变浅烧瓶中冒气泡，试管中出现浑浊测得ΔH 为ΔH 1、ΔH 2的和H 2与O 2的体积比约为2︰16．W 、X 、Y 、Z 为原子序数依次增大的短周期主族元素，且X 、Y 、Z 位于同一周期。

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新高考仿真模拟卷数学(一)Word版含解析

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新高考仿真模拟卷数学（一）一、单选题1．已知集合{}24xA x =<，{}1B =≤，则A B =（）A ．()0,2B ．[)1,2C ．[]1,2D ．()0,12．已知复数z 满足()()()1i 12i 1z z +=+-，则复数z 的实部与虚部的和为（） A ．1B ．1-C ．15D ．15-3．()()51223x x -+的展开式中，x 的系数为（） A ．154B ．162C ．176D ．1804．已知1tan 5α=，则2cos 2sin sin 2ααα=-（） A ．83-B ．83C ．38-D ．385．何尊是我国西周早期的青铜礼器，其造形浑厚，工艺精美，尊内底铸铭文中的“宅兹中国”为“中国”一词的最早文字记载．何尊的形状可以近似地看作是圆台与圆柱的组合体，高约为40cm ，上口直径约为28cm ，下端圆柱的直径约为18cm ．经测量知圆柱的高约为24cm ，则估计该何尊可以装酒（不计何尊的厚度，403π1266≈，1944π6107≈）（）A ．312750cmB ．312800cmC ．312850cmD ．312900cm6．已知()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数，满足()()2f x f x =-，则()2022f =（） A ．2B ．1C ．1-D ．07．在四棱锥P ABCD -中，ABCD 是边长为2的正方形，AP PD ==PAD ⊥平面ABCD ，则四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的表面积为（）A ．4πB ．8πC ．136π9D ．68π38．已知抛物线C ：24y x =，O 为坐标原点，A ，B 是抛物线C 上两点，记直线OA ，OB 的斜率分别为1k ，2k ，且1212k k =-，直线AB 与x 轴的交点为P ，直线OA 、OB 与抛物线C 的准线分别交于点M ，N ，则△PMN 的面积的最小值为（）A B C D二、多选题9．已知函数()()1cos 02f x x x ωωω=>的图像关于直线6x π=对称，则ω的取值可以为（） A ．2B ．4C ．6D ．810．在菱形ABCD 中，2AB =，60DAB ∠=，点E 为线段CD 的中点，AC 和BD 交于点O ，则（） A ．0AC BD ⋅= B ．2AB AD ⋅= C ．14OE BA ⋅=-D ．52OE AE ⋅=11．一袋中有3个红球，4个白球，这些球除颜色外，其他完全相同，现从袋中任取3个球，事件A “这3个球都是红球”，事件B “这3个球中至少有1个红球”，事件C “这3个球中至多有1个红球”，则下列判断错误的是（）A ．事件A 发生的概率为15B ．事件B 发生的概率为310C ．事件C 发生的概率为335D ．1(|)31P A B =12．对于函数()()32,f x x x cx d c d =+++∈R ，下列说法正确的是（）A ．若0d =，则函数()f x 为奇函数B ．函数()f x 有极值的充要条件是13c <C ．若函数f （x ）有两个极值点1x ，2x ，则4412281x x +>D ．若2c d ==-，则过点()20，作曲线()y f x =的切线有且仅有3条三、填空题13．已知样本数据1-，1-，2，2，3，若该样本的方差为2s ，极差为t ，则2s t=______． 14．已知圆O ：221x y +=与直线l ：=1x -，写出一个半径为1，且与圆O 及直线都相切的圆的方程：______．15．已知椭圆()222210x y a b a b+=>>的左顶点为A ，左焦点为F ，过F 作x 轴的垂线在x轴上方交椭圆于点B ，若直线AB 的斜率为32，则该椭圆的离心率为______．16．已知f （x ）是偶函数，当0x ≥时，()()2log 1f x x =+，则满足()2f x x >的实数x 的取值范围是______．四、解答题17．已知数列{}n a 是等差数列，1324,,a a a a +成等比数列，56a =． (1)求数列{}n a 的通项公式；(2)设数列11n n a a +⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭的前n 项和为n S ，求证：()221n n S n +<+．18．在ABC 中，内角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为a ，b ，c ，cos sin cos c B a A b C =-． (1)判断ABC 的形状； (2)若3ab ，D 在BC 边上，2BD CD =，求cos ADB ∠的值．19．如图，在直三棱柱111ABC A B C 中，D 、E 分别是AB 、1BB 的中点，12AA AC CB ==，AB =．(1)求证：1//BC 平面1A CD ；(2)若1BC =，求四棱锥1C A DBE -的体积； (3)求直线1BC 与平面1ACE 所成角的正弦值．20．新高考模式下，数学试卷不分文理卷，学生想得高分比较困难．为了调动学生学习数学的积极性，提高学生的学习成绩，张老师对自己的教学方法进行改革，经过一学期的教学实验，张老师所教的80名学生，参加一次测试，数学学科成绩都在[]50,100内，按区间分组为[)50,60，[)60,70，[)70,80，[)80,90，[]90,100，绘制成如下频率分布直方图，规定不低于80分（百分制）为优秀．(1)求这80名学生的平均成绩（同一区间的数据用该区间中点值作代表）；(2)按优秀与非优秀用分层抽样方法随机抽取10名学生座谈，再在这10名学生中，选3名学生发言，记优秀学生发言的人数为随机变量X ，求X 的分布列和期望．21．已知12,F F 分别为双曲线()222210,0x ya b a b-=>>左、右焦点，(P 在双曲线上，且124PF PF ⋅=． (1)求此双曲线的方程；(2)若双曲线的虚轴端点分别为12,B B （2B 在y 轴正半轴上），点,A B 在双曲线上，且()22B A B B μμ=∈R ，11B A B B ⊥，试求直线AB 的方程．22．已知函数()()211e 12x f x a x a x ax a =---+++，()R a ∈．(1)当1a =时，求f （x ）的单调区间；(2)当310,e a ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时，求证：函数f （x ）有3个零点．参考答案：1．B【分析】化简集合A 和B ，即可得出A B ⋂的取值范围. 【详解】解：由题意在{}24xA x =<，{}1B =≤中，{}2A x x =<，{}12B x x =≤≤ ∴{}12A B x x ⋂=≤< 故选：B. 2．D【分析】根据复数的运算法则求出复数43i 55z -+=，则得到答案.【详解】(1i)(2i 1)(2i 1)z z +=-+-(2i)2i 1z -=-，2i 1(2i 1)(2i)43i 43i 2i 5555z --+-+====-+-，故实部与虚部的和为431555-+=-，故选：D. 3．C【分析】根据二项式定理可求得()523x +展开式通项，由此可确定12,T T ，结合多项式乘法运算进行整理即可确定x 的系数. 【详解】()523x +展开式的通项公式为：()55155C 2323C rr r r r r rr T x x --+=⋅⋅=⋅；当1r =时，412523C 240T x x =⨯=；当0r =时，51232T ==；x ∴的系数为24023224064176-⨯=-=.故选：C. 4．A【分析】利用二倍角公式化简为正、余弦的齐次分式，分式上下同除2cos α，代入1tan 5α=可得答案.【详解】2222cos 2cos sin sin sin 2sin 2sin cos αααααααα-=--22111tan 825123tan 2tan 255ααα--===---, 故选：A. 5．C【分析】根据圆柱和圆台的体积公式计算可得结果. 【详解】下端圆柱的体积为：224π91944π⋅=6107≈3cm ，上端圆台的体积为：()22116π1414993⨯+⨯+16π4033=⨯1612663≈⨯6752=3cm ，所以该何尊的体积估计为61076752+=128593cm . 因为12850最接近12859，所以估计该何尊可以装酒128503cm . 故选：C 6．D【分析】根据函数()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数，且()()2f x f x =-得出函数()f x 是周期为4的周期函数，进而求解.【详解】因为函数()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数，且()()2f x f x =-，所以(2)()()f x f x f x +=-=-，所以(4)()f x f x +=，即函数()f x 是周期为4的周期函数，因为函数()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数，所以(0)0f =，因为()()2f x f x =-，所以(2)(0)0f f ==，又因为202245052=⨯+，所以(2022)(2)0f f ==，故选：D . 7．C【分析】将该四棱锥的外接球放在一个长方体内，画出图形，利用已知条件找出球心，建立相应的关系式，求出外接球的半径，利用球体表面积公式计算即可. 【详解】由题意将该四棱锥放在一个长方体的中，如图∴所示：取AD 的中点H ，连接PH ，连接,AC BD 交于1O ，由AP PD =则在等腰PAD 中有：PH AD ⊥，又平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ，且平面PAD ⋂平面ABCD=AD ，则PH ⊥平面ABCD ，又112AH AD ==，所以在Rt PAH △中，3PH ===，由底面为正方形ABCD ，所以它的外接圆的圆心为对角线的交点1O ，连接1O H ，则1PH O H ⊥，PAD 外接圆的圆心为2O ，且在PH 上，过点1O ，2O 分别作平面ABCD 与平面PAD 的垂线，则两垂线必交于点O ，点O 即为四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的球心，且1OO ⊥平面ABCD ，又PH ⊥平面ABCD ，即2O H ⊥平面ABCD ，所以1OO ∥PH ，所以四边形12OO HO 为矩形. 如图∴连接2AO ，则22AO PO =，在2Rt AO H 中，22223O H PH PO PH AO AO =-=-=-，所以()2222222213AO AH HO AO =+=+-，解得253AO =，所以254333O H =-=，所以1243OO O H ==，在图∴中连接OB ，由112O B BD =所以在1Rt OO B 中，OB ==即四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的半径为R OB ==，所以四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的表面积为： 221364πR 4ππ9S ==⨯=⎝⎭，故选：C. 8．D【分析】设出A 、B 的坐标，由1212k k =-解得12y y 的值，再分别求出点M 、点N 的坐标，求得||MN 的式子，研究AB l 恒过x 轴上的定点可得点P 的坐标，进而用方法1基本不等式或方法2函数思想求得三角形面积的最小值.【详解】设211(,)4y A y ，222(,)4y B y ，则114k y =，224k y =， ∴12121612k k y y ==- ∴1232y y =-， ∴设OA l ：14y x y =，令=1x -得：14y y =-，∴14(1,)M y --，同理：24(1,)N y -- ∴12121212||44||||4||8y y y y MN y y y y --=-+==，设AB l ：x my t =+，221044x my t y my t y x=+⎧⇒--=⎨=⎩ 20m t ∆=+>，124y y m +=，124y y t ，又∴1232y y =-，∴432t -=-，解得：8t =， ∴AB l ：8x my =+恒过点(8,0)，∴AB l 与x 轴交点P 的坐标为(8,0)，即：(8,0)P ， ∴点P 到准线=1x -的距离为8+1=9. 方法1：1211||1321||||888y y MN y y -==+≥⨯=1||y =.∴19||9||22PMN S MN MN =⨯=≥△， ∴∴PMN的面积的最小值为2. 方法2：12||||8y y MN -==∴20m ≥∴||MN ≥m =0时取得最小值.∴19||9||22PMN S MN MN =⨯=≥△， ∴∴PMN故选：D. 9．AD【分析】首先将函数()f x 化成一个三角函数，然后根据对称轴公式求得ω的表达式，对整数k 赋值求得结果.【详解】()()1cos sin 26f x x x x ωωωπ=+=+，因为函数()f x 的图象关于直线6x π=对称，所以662k ωπππ+=+π，k ∈Z ，解得26k ω=+，因为0ω>，所以当0k =时，2ω=；所以当1k =时，8ω=. 故选：AD. 10．ABD【分析】以O 为坐标原点可建立平面直角坐标系，利用平面向量数量积的坐标运算依次验证各个选项即可.【详解】四边形ABCD 为菱形，AC BD ∴⊥，则以O 为坐标原点，,OC OD 正方向为,x y 轴，可建立如图所示平面直角坐标系，2AB AD ==，60DAB ∠=，2BD ∴=，OA OC ===()0,0O ∴，()A ，()0,1B -，()0,1D ，12E ⎫⎪⎪⎝⎭，对于A ，ACBD ，0AC BD ∴⋅=，A 正确；对于B ，()3,1AB =-，()3,1AD =，312AB AD ∴⋅=-=，B 正确；对于C ，3122OE ⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，()BA =-，31122OE BA ∴⋅=-+=-，C 错误；对于D ，3122OE ⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，3122AE ⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，915442OE AE ∴⋅=+=，D 正确. 故选：ABD. 11．ABC【分析】根据题意求出基本事件总数、满足条件的基本事件数，利用古典概型概率公式及条件概率公式求解即可.【详解】由题意7个球中任取3个球的基本事件总数为：37C 35=这3个球都是红球的基本事件数为：33C 1=，所以事件A 发生的概率为：1()35P A =，故A 错误，这3个球中至少有1个红球的基本事件数为：1221334343C C C C +C 1812131⋅+⋅=++=，所以事件B 发生的概率为：31()35P B =，故B 错误，这3个球中至多有1个红球的基本事件数为：123344C C C 18422⋅+=+=，事件C 发生的概率为22()35P C =,故C 错误，因为1()()35P AB P A ==，所以由条件概率公式得：1()135(|)31()3135P AB P A B P B ===，故D 正确，故选：ABC. 12．BCD【分析】对于A ：利用奇偶性的定义直接判断；对于B ：利用极值的计算方法直接求解；对于C ：先求出13c <，表示出244122161692781c x x c +=-+，即可求出；对于D ：设切点()00,x y ，由导数的几何意义得到3200025460x x x --+=.设()322546g x x x x =--+，利用导数判断出函数()g x 有三个零点，即可求解.【详解】对于A ：当0d =时，()32f x x x cx =++定义域为R .因为()()()()()3232f x x x c x x x cx f x -=-+-+-=-+-≠-，所以函数()f x 不是奇函数.故A 错误；对于B ：函数()f x 有极值⇔ ()f x 在R 上不单调.由()32f x x x cx d =+++求导得：()232f x x x c =++'.()f x 在R 上不单调⇔()f x '在R 上有正有负⇔4430c ∆=-⨯>⇔13c <.故B 正确.对于C ：若函数f （x ）有两个极值点1x ，2x ，必满足0∆>，即13c <.此时1x ，2x 为2320x x c ++=的两根，所以1212233x x c x x ⎧+=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩. 所以()22212121242293c x x x x x x +=+-=-.所以()()222244222212121242216162293992781cc c x x x xx x c +=+-=--=-+ 对称轴164272329c -=-=⨯，所以当13c <时，()224412216162116116292781932738181c x x c +=-+>⨯-⨯+=. 即4412281x x +>.故C 正确；对于D ：若2c d ==-时，()3222f x x x x =+--.所以()2322f x x x '=+-.设切点()00,x y ，则有：()3200002000002203222y x x x y f x x x x ⎧=+--⎪-⎨=+-=⎪-⎩'，消去0y ，整理得：3200025460x x x --+=不妨设()322546g x x x x =--+，则()26104g x x x '=--.令()0g x '>，解得：2x >或13x <-；令()0g x '<，解得： 123x -<<.所以()g x 在1,3⎛⎫-∞- ⎪⎝⎭，()2,+∞上单调递增，在1,23⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减.所以()()()()()32111119254660333327g x g =-=-----+=>极大值， ()()322225242660g x g ==⨯-⨯-⨯+=-<极小值.所以作出的图像如图所示：因为函数()g x 有三个零点，所以方程3200025460x x x --+=有三个根，所以过点()20，作曲线()y f x =的切线有且仅有3条.故D 正确. 故选：BCD. 13．710##0.7 【分析】根据极差的定义可得()314t =--=，先求出平均数，再从方差，从而可求2s t.【详解】极差()314t =--=，平均数为()()1122315-+-+++=，故方差()()()()()222222114111*********s ⎡⎤=--+--+-+-+-=⎣⎦. 所以21475410s t ==.故答案为:710. 14．()2221x y +-=(答案不唯一)【分析】根据圆的圆心和半径,结合直线和圆的位置关系及两个圆的位置关系计算即可. 【详解】设圆心C 为()00,x y ,由已知圆C 与直线l ：=1x -相切, 圆C 与圆O ：221x y +=相切,可得0112x ⎧--=,即得0002x y =⎧⎨=⎩或0002x y =⎧⎨=-⎩或0020x y =-⎧⎨=⎩, 且已知半径为1,所以圆的方程可以为: ()2221x y +-=或()2221x y ++=或2221x y故答案为: ()2221x y +-=(答案不唯一) 15．12##0.5【分析】由题意设(),0A a -，2,b B c a ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，再由232AB b a k c a -==-+结合222a b c =+，即可得出答案.【详解】由题意可得，(),0A a -，(),0F c -，令椭圆()222210x y a b a b +=>>中x c =-，解得：2b y a=±，所以2,b B c a ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，而2032AB b a k c a -==-+，则2232a c a c a c a a -+==-+，解得：12e =. 故答案为：12. 16．()(),01,-∞⋃+∞【分析】利用奇偶性和函数的单调性解不等式.【详解】当0x ≥时，()()2log 1f x x +，函数在[)0,∞+上单调递增，∴()(0)0f x f ≥=，又()f x 是偶函数，所以()f x 的值域为[)0,∞+.当0x ≥时，()()2log 1f x x +，不等式()2f x x >()22log 1x x +>，即()22log 10x x+->，设()22()log 1g x x x =+-，由函数y =()2log 1y x =+，2y x=-在()0,∞+上都是增函数，得()g x 在()0,∞+上是增函数，由(1)0g =，则()0(1)g x g >=解得1x >；当0x <时，由函数值域可知()0f x >，此时20x<，所以()2f x x >恒成立；综上可知，满足()2f x x>的实数x 的取值范围是()(),01,-∞⋃+∞.故答案为：()(),01,-∞⋃+∞ 17．(1)1n a n =+ (2)证明见解析【分析】（1）根据等比数列定义和等差数列通项公式可构造方程组求得1,a d ，进而确定n a ；（2）利用裂项相消法可求得n S ，整理即可证得结论. 【详解】（1）设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ，1324,,a a a a +成等比数列，()23124a a a a ∴=+，即()()2111224a d a a d +=+，又5146a a d =+=，则由()()2111122446a d a a d a d ⎧+=+⎪⎨+=⎪⎩得：121a d =⎧⎨=⎩或163a d =-⎧⎨=⎩，当16a =-，3d =时，30a =，不满足1324,,a a a a +成等比数列，舍去； 12a ∴=，1d =，()211n a n n ∴=+-=+.（2）由（1）得：()()111111212n n a a n n n n +==-++++， 1111111111233445112n S n n n n ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫∴=-+-+-+⋅⋅⋅+-+- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭()112222n n n =-=++， ()221n n S n n ∴+=<+.18．(1)直角三角形 (2)0【分析】（1）根据正弦定理的边角互化，即可得到结果；（2）由（1）中结论即可得到cos B ∠，从而得到AD 的值，然后在ABD △中结合余弦定理即可得到结果.【详解】（1）因为cos sin cos c B a A b C =-，由正弦定理可得， 2sin cos sin cos sin C B B C A +=即()2sin sin B C A +=所以()2sin sin ,0,πsin 1A A A A =∈⇒=且()0,πA ∈，所以π2A =即ABC 是直角三角形.（2）在直角ABC 中，有22223b c a b +==，即222c b =，所以c =，又因为2BD CD =，所以23BD BC ==且cos c B a === 在ABD △中，由余弦定理可得，22222242cos 2b b AD AB BD AD B AB BD +-+-∠===⋅解得AD =，在ABD △中由余弦定理可得，222222242cos 02b b b AD BD AB ADB AD BD +-+-∠===⋅19．(1)证明见解析 (2)23【分析】（1）连接1AC 交1A C 于点F ，连接EF ，则F 为1AC 的中点，利用中位线的性质可得出1DF //BC ，再利用线面平行的判定定理可证得结论成立；（2）过点C 在平面ABC 内作CM AB ⊥，垂足为点M ，证明出CM ⊥平面11AA B B ，计算出CM 的长以及四边形1A DBE 的面积，利用锥体的体积公式可求得四棱锥1C A DBE -的体积；（3）设1BC =，以点C 为坐标原点，CA 、CB 、1CC 所在直线分别为x 、y 、z 轴建立空间直角坐标系，利用空间向量法可求得直线1BC 与平面1A CE 所成角的正弦值. 【详解】（1）证明：连接1AC 交1A C 于点F ，连接EF ，则F 为1AC 的中点，因为D 、F 分别为AB 、1AC 的中点，则1DF //BC ，因为DF ⊂平面1A CD ，1BC ⊄平面1A CD ，1//BC ∴平面1A CD . （2）解：因为1BC =，则122AA AC CB ===，AB == 222AC BC AB ∴+=，即AC BC ⊥，过点C 在平面ABC 内作CM AB ⊥，垂足为点M ，因为1AA ⊥平面ABC ，CM ⊂平面ABC ，1CM AA ∴⊥，又因为CM AB ⊥，1AB AA A ⋂=，AB 、1AA ⊂平面11AA B B ，CM ∴⊥平面11AA B B ，由等面积法可得AC BC CM AB ⋅==因为1AA ⊥平面ABC ，AB ⊂平面ABC ，1AA AB ∴⊥，又因为11//AA BB 且11AA BB =，故四边形11AA B B 为矩形，所以，1111111212AA D A B E AA B B A DBE S S S S ⎫=--==⎪⎪⎝⎭△△矩形四边形11112333C A DBE A DBE V S CM -∴=⋅==四边形.（3）解：不妨设1BC =，因为AC BC ⊥，1CC ⊥平面ABC ，以点C 为坐标原点，CA 、CB 、1CC 所在直线分别为x 、y 、z 轴建立如下图所示的空间直角坐标系，则()0,1,0B 、()0,0,0C 、()10,0,2C 、()12,0,2A 、()0,1,1E ，设平面1A CE 的法向量为(),,n x y z =，()12,0,2CA =，()0,1,1CE =，则1220n CA x z n CE y z ⎧⋅=+=⎪⎨⋅=+=⎪⎩，取1x =，可得()1,1,1n =-，因为()10,1,2BC =-，则111cos ,BC n BC n BC n⋅<>==-=⋅因此，直线1BC 与平面1A CE20．(1)73.5(2)分布列见解析；期望()910E X =【分析】（1）根据频率分布直方图估计平均数的方法直接计算即可；（2）根据频率分布直方图可确定优秀与非优秀学生对应的频率，根据分层抽样原则可确定10名学生中优秀学员的人数，由此可得X 所有可能的取值，根据超几何分布概率公式可求得X 每个取值对应的概率，由此可得分布列；由数学期望计算公式可求得期望. 【详解】（1）80名学生的平均成绩为()550.01650.03750.03850.025950.00510⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯⨯=73.5.（2）根据频率分布直方图知：优秀学员对应的频率为()0.0250.005100.3+⨯=，则非优秀学员对应的频率为10.30.7-=，∴抽取的10名学生中，有优秀学生100.33⨯=人，非优秀学生100.77⨯=人；则X 所有可能的取值为0,1,2,3，()37310C 3570C 12024P X ====；()1237310C C 63211C 12040P X ====；()2137310C C 2172C 12040P X ====；()33310C 13C 120P X ===；X ∴的分布列为：∴数学期望()721719012324404012010E X =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=. 21．(1)22145x y -=(2)y x =+y =【分析】（1）根据平面向量数量积坐标运算和点在双曲线上，可构造方程组求得22,a b 的值，由此可得双曲线方程；（2）由2,,A B B 三点共线可设:AB y kx =+用向量垂直的坐标表示，代入韦达定理结论可解方程求得k 的值，由此可得直线AB 方程. 【详解】（1）设()1,0F c -，()()2,00F c c >，则(1PF c =--，(2PF c =-，212854PF PF c ∴⋅=-+=，解得：3c =，229a b ∴+=；又P 在双曲线上，则22851a b-=，24a ∴=，25b =， ∴双曲线的方程为：22145x y -=.（2）由（1）得：(10,B，(2B ，()22B A B B μμ=∈R ，2,,A B B ∴三点共线，直线AB斜率显然存在，可设:AB y kx =+()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，由22145y kx x y ⎧=⎪⎨-=⎪⎩得：()2254400k x ---=，()22540Δ801040k k ⎧-≠⎪∴⎨=->⎪⎩，即252k <且254k ≠，12x x ∴+=1224054x x k =--， 11B A B B ⊥，110B A B B ∴⋅=，又(111,B A x y =，(122,B B x y =，()1112121212125B A B B x x y y x x y y y y ∴⋅=+=+++(()1212125x x kx kx k x x =++++()()()222121222401801202005454k k kx xx x k k+=++++=-++=--，解得：k =252k <且254k ≠，∴直线AB方程为：y x =y = 【点睛】关键点点睛：本题考查直线与椭圆的综合应用问题，解题关键是能够利用平面向量垂直关系的坐标表示来构造等量关系，结合韦达定理的结论得到关于所求变量的方程的形式，从而解方程求得变量的值.22．(1)函数()f x 的单调递增区间为(,0)-∞和(1,)+∞，单调递减区间为(0,1). (2)证明过程见详解【分析】(1) 因为1a =，所以函数()()212e 22x f x x x x =--++，对函数求导，利用导函数的正负来判断函数的单调性即可求解；(2)对函数进行求导，求出导函数的零点，根据条件可得：函数()f x 在(,)a -∞和(ln ,)a -+∞上单调递增，在(,ln )a a -上单调递减，然后利用零点存在性定理即可证明.【详解】（1）因为1a =，所以函数()()212e 22x f x x x x =--++，所以()e (2)e 1(1)(e 1)x x x f x x x x '=+--+=--，当1x >或0x <时，()0f x '>，此时函数()f x 单调递增；当01x <<时，()0f x '<，此时函数()f x 单调递减；综上：函数()f x 的单调递增区间为(,0)-∞和(1,)+∞，单调递减区间为(0,1).（2）因为函数()()211e 12x f x a x a x ax a =---+++，所以()e (1)e ()e ()()(e 1)x x x x f x a a x a x a a x a x a x a a '=+---+=---=--，令()0f x '=可得：x a =或ln x a =-，因为310,e a ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭，所以ln 3a ->，当x a <或ln x a >-时，()0f x '>，此时函数()f x 单调递增；当ln a x a <<-时，()0f x '<，此时函数()f x 单调递减；所以函数()f x 在(,)a -∞和(ln ,)a -+∞上单调递增，在(,ln )a a -上单调递减，故当x a =时，函数取极大值()()22e 10102aaf a a a f a =-+++>=->，因为当2x =-时，221(2)(3)10ef a a a -=-+--<；所以0(2,)x a ∃∈-，使得0()0f x =；当ln x a =-时，函数取极小值，ln 2211(ln )(ln 1)e (ln )ln 1ln ln (ln )22a f a a a a a a a a a a a a --=-----++=---1ln (1ln )02a a a =-++<，（因为ln 3a ->，所以13ln 22a <-，因为3110e 2a <<<，所以312a +<，也即11ln 02a a ++<）所以0(,ln )x a a '∃∈-，使得0()0f x '=；又当x →+∞时，()f x →+∞，所以0(ln ,)x a ''∃∈-+∞，使得0()0f x ''=；故当310,e a ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时，函数()f x 有3个零点.【点睛】函数零点的求解与判断方法：答案第17页，共17页 (1)直接求零点：令()0f x =，如果能求出解，则有几个解就有几个零点．(2)零点存在性定理：利用定理不仅要函数在区间[,]a b 上是连续不断的曲线，且()()0f a f b <，还必须结合函数的图象与性质(如单调性、奇偶性)才能确定函数有多少个零点．(3)利用导数求出函数的极值点,再利用零点存在性定理进行判断零点的个数．。

2024年1月浙江省普通高校招生选考科目考试生物学仿真模拟卷01(全解全析)

2024年1月浙江省普通高校招生选考科目考试生物学仿真模拟试卷01（全解析）一、选择题（本大题共20题，每小题2分，共计40分。

每小题列出的四个选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的）1．研究发现脂肪的过度堆积会使脂肪组织中维生素D的浓度降低且活性减弱。

低浓度的维生素D会导致脂肪组织中的甲状旁腺激素（PTH）和钙含量升高，从而刺激脂肪生成，抑制脂肪分解，加剧肥胖。

在肥胖人群中，维生素D缺乏者的高胰岛素发生率、胰岛素抵抗指数均偏高。

下列说法错误的是（）A．维生素D和PTH都属于蛋白质类物质B．维生素D的浓度和活性与肥胖程度呈负相关C．在肥胖人群中，维生素D缺乏可能会引起糖尿病D．低浓度的维生素D水平可能会引起肥胖【答案】A【解析】1、固醇包括：胆固醇、维生素D和性激素。

2、由题意可知，低浓度的维生素D会导致脂肪组织中的PTH和钙含量升高，从而刺激脂肪生成，抑制脂肪分解，加剧肥胖，在这一过程中维生素D的浓度和活性与肥胖程度呈负相关。

A、维生素D是固醇类物质，A错误；BD、由题意可知，低浓度的维生素D会导致脂肪组织中的PTH和钙含量升高，从而刺激脂肪生成，抑制脂肪分解，加剧肥胖，在这一过程中维生素D的浓度和活性与肥胖程度呈负相关，因此，低浓度的维生素D水平可能会引起肥胖，B、D正确；C、由题意可知，在肥胖人群中，维生素D缺乏者的高胰岛素发生率、胰岛素抵抗指数均偏高，故维生素D缺乏可能会引起糖尿病，C正确。

故选A。

2．β淀粉样蛋白沉积是阿尔茨海默病的典型病理特征。

β淀粉样蛋白也是一种抗菌肽，当颅内发生感染时，神经细胞会产生可溶性的β淀粉样蛋白，与病菌的细胞壁结合，以防止病菌入侵脑细胞，并形成网状结构来捕获游离的病菌。

正常情况下，β淀粉样蛋白会被脑内的小胶质细胞等清除掉。

有科学家从阿尔茨海默病病人的脑部标本中分离得到活的肺炎衣原体。

据此推测，下列分析正确的是（）A．肺炎衣原体是专门感染神经细胞的病原体B．肺炎衣原体与神经细胞间能够发生信息交流C．捕获游离病菌的网状结构成分中含有β淀粉D．非阿尔茨海默病患者不会产生β淀粉样蛋白【答案】B【解析】肺炎衣原体是一种原核生物，主要引起呼吸道和肺部感染。

2024年1月浙江省高考英语仿真模拟卷01(参考答案)

2024年1月浙江省高考英语仿真模拟试卷01参考答案1．【答案】B【原文】W: Andy, you look really handsome in your new coat. Where did you buy it?M: You really have a good taste. My daughter bought it in America on her business trip.2. 【答案】B【原文】M: Sorry, Miss. We made a terrible mistake adding up the bill. Here is the ten dollars we have to return to you.W: Oh, I didn’t notice that. It’s OK. Don’t blame the waiter. He’s been really nice.3.【答案】B【原文】M: I have 50 pages more to read tonight, but it’s already 11:00. I really need some coffee. It’ll take me at least two hours, and I need it done by 10:00 tomorrow morning.W: Just wake up at 7:00. You’ll have plenty of time then.4. 【答案】A【原文】W: I wanted to buy a new pair of shoes from Foot Locker, but the ones I want cost $100.I can only spend $75 at the most.M: I will pay for half of the price. You can consider it as part of your birthday gift.5. 【答案】C【原文】W: Jack, are you going camping with your friends this weekend?M: It depends. If it’s sunny, we’ll go.W: The weatherman says it’s going to rain.M: In that case, we’ll go to the cinema instead.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

2024届高三数学仿真模拟卷(全国卷)(理科)(考试版)

2024年高考第三次模拟考试高三数学（理科）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上．2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号．写在本试卷上无效．3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上．写在本试卷上无效．4．测试范围：高考全部内容5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．若集合{}24A x x =-≤≤，{}260B x x x =-≥，则A B = （）A ．[]2,0-B ．[]0,4C ．[]2,6-D ．[]4,62．已知3i 2z a =（R a ∈，i 是虚数单位），若21322z =，则=a （）A ．2B ．1C ．12D ．143．如图，已知AM 是ABC 的边BC 上的中线，若AB a=，AC b = ，则AM 等于（）A ．()12a b- B ．()12a b-- C ．()12a b+ D ．()12a b-+ 4．已知函数()()πtan 0,02f x x ωϕωϕ⎛⎫=+><< ⎝⎭的最小正周期为2π，直线π3x =是()f x 图象的一条对称轴，则()f x 的单调递减区间为（）A ．()π5π2π,2πZ 66k k k ⎛⎤-+∈ ⎥⎝⎦B ．()5π2π2π,2πZ 33k k k ⎛⎤--∈ ⎥⎝⎦C ．()4ππ2π,2πZ 33k k k ⎛⎤--∈ ⎥⎝⎦D ．()π2π2π,2πZ 33k k k ⎛⎤-+∈ ⎥⎝⎦5．已知直线l 过点()1,1A 交圆22:4O x y +=于,C D 两点，则“CD =l 的斜率为0”的（）A ．必要而不充分条件B ．充分必要条件C ．充分而不必要条件D ．即不充分也不必要条件6．甲、乙、丙、丁、戊共5名同学进行唱歌比赛，决出第一名到第五名．丙和丁去询问成绩，回答者对丙说：很遗憾，你和丁都没有得到冠军，对丁说：你当然不会是最差的从这两个回答分析，5人的名次排列方式共有（）A ．24种B ．54种C ．96种D ．120种7．函数()πln sin 2x x f x x⎛⎫⋅- ⎪⎝⎭=的部分图象大致为（）A ．B ．C．D．8．祖暅是我国南北朝时期伟大的数学家．祖暅原理用现代语言可以描述为“夹在两个平行平面之间的两个几何体，被平行于这两个平面的任意平面所截，如果截得的面积总相等，那么这两个几何体的体积相等”．例如，可以用祖暅原理推导半球的体积公式，如图，底面半径和高都为R 的圆柱与半径为R 的半球放置在同一底平面上，然后在圆柱内挖去一个半径为R ，高为R 的圆锥后得到一个新的几何体，用任何一个平行于底面的平面α去截这两个几何体时，所截得的截面面积总相等，由此可证明半球的体积和新几何体的体积相等．若用平行于半球底面的平面α去截半径为R 的半球，且球心到平面α的距离为2R ，则平面α与半球底面之间的几何体的体积是（）A3R B3R C3R D3R9．已知函数()21e 3ln ,ln ,ln ,ln 222f x x a f b f c f ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫==== ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭，则（）A ．a b c <<B ．b a c <<C ．c<a<bD ．a c b<<10．已知数列{}n a 满足1,231,nn n n n a a a a a +⎧⎪=⎨⎪+⎩当为偶数时当为奇数时，若81a =，1a 的所有可能取值构成集合M ，则M 中的元素的个数是（）A ．7个B ．6个C ．5个D ．4个11．如图，已知双曲线2222:1(0,0)x y C a b a b -=>>的左、右焦点分别为1(,0)F c -，2(,0)F c ，点A 在C 上，点B 在y 轴上，A ，2F ，B 三点共线，若直线1BF1AF的斜率为，则双曲线C 的离心率是（）AB ．32CD ．312．已知()f x ，()g x 都是定义在R 上的函数，对任意x ，y 满足()()()()()f x y f x g y g x f y -=-，且()()210f f -=≠，则下列说法正确的是（）A ．()01f =B ．函数()21g x +的图象关于点()1,0对称C ．()()110g g +-=D ．若()11f =，则()202311n f n ==∑第Ⅱ卷二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分13．已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和2n S n n =+，当9n nS a +取最小值时，n =.14．若函数()sin 1f x x x ωω=-在[]0,2π上恰有5个零点，且在ππ[,415-上单调递增，则正实数ω的取值范围为.15．已知52345012345(23)x a a x a x a x a x a x +=+++++，则123452345a a a a a -+-+=．（用数字作答）16．已知定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足()4()0f x f x '+>，且(01f =），则下列说法正确的是.①()f x 是奇函数；②(0,),()0x f x ∃∈+∞>；③41(1)e f >；④0x ∀>时，41()e xf x <三、解答题：本大题共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．第17~21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答．第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答．（一）必考题：共60分．17．（12分）已知()sin ,5sin 5sin m B A C =+ ，()5sin 6sin ,sin sin n B C C A =--垂直，其中A ，B ，C 为ABC的内角．(1)求cos A 的大小；(2)若BC =ABC 的面积的最大值．18．（12分）2016年10月“蓝瘦香菇”等网络新词突然在网络流行，某社区每月都通过问卷形式进行一次网上调查，现从社区随机抽取了60名居民进行调查．已知上网参与问卷调查次数与参与人数的频数分布如下表：参与调查问卷次数[)0,2[)2,4[)4,6[)6,8[)8,10[]10,12参与调查问卷人数814814106(1)若将参与调查问卷不少于4次的居民称为“关注流行语居民”，请你根据频数分布表，完成22⨯列联表，据此调查你是否有99%的把握认为在此社区内“关注流行语与性别有关”？男女合计关注流行语8不关注流行语合计40(2)从被调查的人中按男女比例随机抽取6人，再从选取的6人中选出3人参加政府听证会，求选出的3人为2男1女的概率．附：参考公式()()()()()22n ad bc K a b c d a c b d -=++++及附表()2P K k ≥0.1000.0500.0100.001k2.7063.8416.63510.82819．（12分）在几何体中，底面ABC 是边长为2的正三角形．⊥AE 平面ABC ，若,5,4,3AE CD BF AE CD BF ===∥∥．(1)求证：平面DEF ⊥平面AEFB ；(2)是否在线段AE 上存在一点P ，使得二面角P DF E --的大小为π3．若存在，求出AP 的长度，若不存在，请说明理由．20．（12分）已知椭圆2222:1(0)x y C a b a b+=>>的右焦点为F ，点31,2P ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭在椭圆C 上，且PF 垂直于x 轴．(1)求椭圆C 的方程；(2)直线l 斜率存在，交椭圆C 于,A B 两点，,,A B F 三点不共线，且直线AF 和直线BF 关于PF 对称．（ⅰ）证明：直线l 过定点；（ⅱ）求ABF △面积的最大值．21．（12分）已知函数()2,0eax x f x a =>．(1)当2a =时，求函数()f x 的单调区间和极值；(2)当0x >时，不等式()()2cos ln ln 4f x f x a x x ⎡⎤-≥-⎣⎦恒成立，求a 的取值范围．（二）选考题：共10分．请考生在22、23题中任选一题作答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分．选修4-4：坐标系与参数方程22．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，曲线C 的参数方程为12cos 2sin x y αα=+⎧⎨=⎩（α为参数）.以坐标原点为极点，x 轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，直线l 的极坐标方程为sin 42πρθ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭.(1)求C 的普通方程和l 的直角坐标方程；(2)设直线l 与x 轴相交于点A ，动点B 在C 上，点M 满足AM MB =，点M 的轨迹为E ，试判断曲线C与曲线E 是否有公共点.若有公共点，求出其直角坐标；若没有公共点，请说明理由.选修4-5：不等式选讲23．已知()2122f x x x x =-+-+.(1)求()2f x ≥的解集；(2)记()f x 的最小值为t ，且2(0,0)3a b t a b +=>>，求证：11254a b a b ⎛⎫⎛⎫++≥ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭.。

2024年全国高考仿真模拟卷(二)语文(新课标)试题

2024年全国高考仿真模拟卷(二)语文(新课标)试题全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：第一部分：选择题1. 下列古诗中，描写雨的是（）A. 春晓- 孟浩然B. 夜雨- 杜牧C. 登鹳雀楼- 王之涣D. 静夜思- 李白2. “江城子• 密州出猎”一诗主要描写了唐代皇帝李渊的（）A. 仁义风范B. 豪侠气概C. 英明决断D. 智谋过人3. 下列诗句中，哪句表现了自然景观与人文情怀的交融？（）A. 白发三千丈，缘愁似个长。

B. 云想衣裳花想容，春风拂槛露华浓。

C. 一行白鹭上青天，遥看瀑布挂前川。

D. 乱花渐欲迷人眼，浅草才能没马蹄。

4. 中华传统文化的核心价值观中“德行天下”的理念最能体现在哪部古代经典中？（）A. 《弟子规》B. 《三字经》C. 《论语》D. 《大学》5. 以下典故与《西游记》中孙悟空有关的，是（）A. 三打白骨精B. 白蛇传C. 论语D. 凤求凰第二部分：阅读理解（一）请阅读下面的文字，回答问题。

“小荷才露尖尖角，早有蜻蜓立上头。

”这是唐代诗人许浑在《观书有感》中描写初夏景色的句子。

小小的荷叶凝聚着春天的生机和活力，而身旁停留的蜻蜓则是一幅清新美景的点睛之笔。

问题：这句诗所表现的主题是什么？《红楼梦》是中国古典文学的经典之作，描写了一个富贵家族的兴衰过程。

作者曹雪芹以细腻的笔触描绘了众多绚丽多彩的人物形象，其中贾宝玉、林黛玉等人物形象深入人心。

请根据下面的命题写一篇文章。

命题：读书使人充实，阅读名著更能塑造人的品格。

请谈谈你对这个命题的看法，并结合自身经历谈谈你对读书的认识和体会。

注意：请在现代社会背景下进行思考，并围绕题目展开思路，结构严谨，论据充分。

字数不少于800字。

希望以上模拟题可以帮助同学们更好地备战即将到来的高考，祝愿各位同学在高考中取得优异的成绩！第二篇示例：第一卷一、阅读理解1. 阅读下面的短文，回答问题。

突然，小明的眼前一片漆黑。

他惊慌失措地四处张望，试图找到一丝光亮。

外研版六年级英语小升初仿真模拟卷附答案 (1)

外研版六年级英语小升初仿真模拟卷(二)时间：60分钟满分：100分题号一二三四五六七八九十十一十二总分得分听力部分(30分)一、听句子, 选出你所听到的单词。

(5分)()1.A.interesting B.interested C.interest()2.A.paper B.physics C.play()3.A.future B.forget C.festival()4.A.angry B.hungry C.happy()5.A.middle B.model C.made二、听句子,选出所听问句的答语。

(5分)()1.A.A cola,please. B.A hamburger for me.()2.A.It’s seven o’clock. B.It will rain tomorrow.()3.A.I am doing my homework. B.I’m going to do my homework.()4.A.S he’s in the bedroom. B.She’s buying things.()5.A.She’s cleaning her room. B.He’s cleaning his room.三、听短文,在每座城市对应的天气情况下面画“√”。

(10分)BeijingShanghaiShenyangSanyaHangzhou四、听短文,将所缺单词填在横线上。

(10分)Amy is going to 1. goodbye to her primary school soon.She will 2. forget her friends.Lingling taught her3. . And Daming helped her in sports.They4. herlots of joy.They had a happy 5. at school.笔试部分(70分)五、选出下列各组单词中画线部分读音不同的一项。

2024年北京市第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试语文仿真模拟卷01(解析版)

2024年北京市第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试语文仿真模拟试卷01一、本大题共3小题，共14分。

1.在横线上填写原句。

（6分）（1）《师说》中，韩愈认为存在“弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子”这种情况的原因是“①，②。

”（2）曹操在《短歌行》中以周公自比，表达求贤若渴、礼贤下士的心情的句子是：“________③___________，_______④____________。

”（3）《桂枝香·金陵怀古》说六朝历史已经一去不复返了，此时只剩凄凉秋色，反映词人吊古伤今的情绪的诗句是：_______⑤_______________，________⑥______________。

【答案】①闻道有先后，术业有专攻。

③周公吐哺④天下归心⑤六朝旧事随流水但寒烟衰草凝绿【解析】本题考查学生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。

注意重点字词的写法，如“吐哺”“凝”等，要理解字义去记忆。

2．下列有关文学常识的表述，不正确的一项是（）（4分）A．我国第一部国别体史书是《国语》，第一部叙事详细完整的历史著作是《左传》，第一部纪传体通史是《史记》。

B．宋代女词人李清照，号易安居士，她的后期词作常含故国之思和身世之感，《声声慢》（寻寻觅觅）一词是这方面的代表作。

C．鲁迅的《狂人日记》收在短篇小说集《彷徨》中，是中国现代文学史上第一部白话小说，作品鲜明地表现了对愚弱国民“哀其不幸，怒其不争”的态度。

D．莫泊桑是法国著名作家，也是举世公认的短篇小说大师，其作品的基本主题是暴露资产阶级的精神面貌和社会风气的腐败堕落。

著名作品有《羊脂球》《项链》《一生》等。

【答案】C【解析】鲁迅的《狂人日记》收在短篇小说集《呐喊》中。

3.下列对张孝祥《念奴娇·过洞庭》一词的理解，不正确．．．的一项是（）A．“更无一点风色”一句，写出了洞庭湖碧波万顷，水波不兴，幽然之境令人神往。

B．“短发萧骚襟袖冷，稳泛沧浪空阔”两句，词人幻想自己在清冷的月色中泛舟，心志坚定，绝不动摇。

2024年全国高考仿真模拟卷一语文

选择题
1.下列选项中，没有错别字的一项是：
A.惊蛰温故知新融汇贯通
B.蘸酒情不自禁人才汇萃
C.糟粕厉行节约珠联璧合
D.痉挛挺而走险明察秋毫
2.下列句子中，使用了比喻修辞手法的一项是：
A.他的笑容像阳光一样照亮了整个房间。

B.秋雨绵绵，如同轻柔的乐章在耳边响起。

C.他的心如止水，不受任何外界干扰。

D.她迈着轻盈的步伐，如同一只翩翩起舞的蝴蝶。

3.下列选项中，对病句修改不正确的一项是：
A.他无时无刻都在思念着远方的亲人。

（修改：将“无时无刻”改为“每时每刻”）
B.只要认真学习，成绩就能提高。

（修改：将“认真学习”改为“努力学习”）
C.我对这本书的内容很感兴趣。

（修改：将“内容”与“这本书”位置互换）
D.尽管下着倾盆大雨，但他还是准时到达了目的地。

（修改：去掉“下”）
4.下列选项中，符合逻辑顺序的一项是：
A.秋分春分夏至冬至
B.清明冬至白露秋分
C.春分夏至秋分冬至
D.大雪小寒霜降小满
填空题
1.《离骚》中，“__________，余不忍为此态也。

”表达了诗人不愿与世俗同流合污的高尚
情操。

2.《赤壁赋》中，“__________，羡长江之无穷。

”表达了苏轼对大自然的敬畏与对人生的
感慨。

3.《长恨歌》中，“蜀江水碧蜀山青，__________。

”描绘了唐玄宗对杨贵妃深深的相思之
情。

4.《短歌行》中，“对酒当歌，__________？”表达了曹操渴望贤才、建功立业的豪情壮志。

2023年云南中考仿真模拟历史试卷(二)

2023年云南中考仿真模拟历史试卷（一）第I卷（选择题，共50分）一、选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的）1．（2分）我国境内目前已确认的最早的古人类是距今170万年的元谋人，我们之所以称其为“人”，其主要依据是（）A．《史记》上的记载说明B．考古发掘出粗糙的石制工具C．考古发现他们可以吃烧熟的食物D．其长相和现代人一样2．（2分）观察下列图片，从图1到图3的变化主要说明了（）A．夏商周时期的主要农具是耒耜B．中国传统农业的精耕细作C．商朝时期铁农具广泛使用D．农业生产工具的不断改进3．（2分）西汉初年，统治者采取轻徭薄赋、休养生息的政策，其根本目的是（）A．减轻人民的负担B．巩固封建统治C．发展生产D．吸取秦亡教训4．（2分）如图是《三国鼎立形势图》，判断图中①②③所代表的政权顺序正确的是（）A．蜀、吴、魏B．吴、魏、蜀C．魏、吴、蜀D．魏、蜀、吴5．（2分）杜甫诗《无家别》描述“寂寞天宝后，园庐但蒿藜。

我里百余家，世乱各东西。

……四邻何所有，一二老寡妻。

”这首诗讲述了()A．安史之乱给北方地区造成的灾难B．隋炀帝穷兵黩武导致社会经济凋敝的景象C．黄巢起义给唐朝统治致命的打击D．五代十国时期北方的混乱局面6．（2分）契丹，一个彪悍的民族，公元916年建立起庞大帝国，它的建立者是（）A．元昊B．耶律阿保机C．阿骨打D．铁木真7．（2分）如图为我国古代朝代更替示意图的片段摘录。

如图中①②③代表的朝代分别是（）A．隋朝、南宋、秦朝B．辽、南宋、明朝C．秦朝、隋朝、唐朝D．辽、南北朝、明朝8．（2分）第二次鸦片战争期间，使西方列强获得了外国公使进驻北京，增开汉口、南京为通商口岸，外国商船和军舰可以在长江各口岸自由航行等特权的不平等条约是（）A．《虎门条约》B．《天津条约》C．《通商章程善后条约》D．《北京条约》9．（2分）下图所列内容为中国近代某一时期的一些主要表现。

2024届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷(一)英语试题(2)

1. How is the weather today?A．Rainy.B．Dry.C．Fine.2. What does the woman think of her old roommate?A．Selfish.B．Thoughtful.C．Careful.3. What’s Jim’s job now?A．A teacher.B．A newsman.C．An engineer.4. Where are the two speakers?A．In a museum.B．In a restaurant.C．In a park.5. What are the speakers talking about?A．A plan.B．An English course.C．An application二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. What might be the relationship between the speakers?A．Friends.B．Fellow workers.C．Brother and sister.2. What can be known about the man?A．He has got a new job.B．His wife isn’t doing very well.C．He has to look after his parents-in-law.3. What is the man’s job like?A．It is repetitive.B．It keeps him busy.C．It doesn’t pay well.4. What is the woman interested in?A．Food.B．Culture.C．Travel.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A．At home.B．In the office.C．In a cafe2. What is the man likely to do after graduation?A．Enter the computer industry.B．Work as a chef.C．Serve in a hotel.3. What is the woman’s major?A．French.B．Computer science.C．Hotel management.4. How does the woman support herself through school?A．On her scholarship.B．By working part-time.C．Through tutoring.8. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

2024年全国高考仿真模拟卷(二)语文

2024年全国高考仿真模拟卷(二)语文一、现代文阅读（2024·仿真模拟）阅读下面的文字，完成问题。

商周时期数量巨大、内容丰富的青铜器铭文，体现了中华文明独特的书写文化。

相比于其他文献，铭文能基本反映书写的原貌，因而对研究中国早期社会的历史、文化、思想等，有着重要的价值。

商周铜器铭文的书写之所以如此繁盛，除了物质条件的进步与社会需求等因素外，思想、情感层面的追求也是一个重要原因。

用文字进行书写是人类文明进步史上的大事，因为它代表着思想、情感的传播可以灾破时空的限制。

《墨子兼爱（下）》提到，今人不与“先圣六王”同时，却能了解其德行，“以其所书于竹帛，镂于金石，琢于盘盂，传遗后世子孙者知之”。

可见，古人早已认识到书写之于思想传承、文明演进的价值。

而在“传遗后世子孙”方面，铜器铭文（即所谓“金石”“盘盂”）更有着无可比拟的优势。

当古人认识到生命的有限性之后，青铜材质所具有的永存性，便寄托了他们对“永恒”的希冀，或者说是对生命“不朽”价值的追寻。

中国早期关于生命价值的体认，最有代表性的便是“三不朽”说。

《左传•襄公二十四年》记载晋范宣子与鲁叔孙豹讨论何谓“死而不朽”。

范宣子认为，自己家族自古至今皆有官职，这便是不朽。

但叔孙豹认为这只是“世禄”，并非不朽，真正的不朽应如鲁国臧文仲“既没，其言立”，即死后其言论仍能流传后世。

进而他便论述了“三不朽”的观念：“约闻之：‘大上有立德，其次有立功，其次有立言。

’虽久不废，此之谓不朽。

”即当时人们认为要在有限的生命中追求德、功、言三者的树立与传承，这样才能实现人生的崇高价值。

此种“生命价值观”后为儒家所继承并发扬，构成了中华文明的重要思想底色。

当然，“三不朽”的价值观并非《左传》所创，它应来自更久远的传承，并有逐步演化的过程，这一点便可从铜器铭文的发展中找到线索。

最早的铜器铭文非常简单，有的仅由一个或数个名词组成，稍复杂的也仅是一个主谓句。

商代晚期才有长篇铭文，其主要进步是能完整叙述一连串事件且有清晰的因果联系。