2008年9月高级口译第二部分阅读答案及解析
2008年9月全国公共英语考试二级笔试真题
第一部分听力理解(略)第二部分英语知识运用第一节单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.I don't think Jill would be a good teacher. She's got ______ patience with children.A plentyB muchC lessD little2.I ______ talk to Sue about our lunch date. I can't meet her today because I am not feeling well.A canB mustC wouldD might3.______ me the keys—you're in no fit state to drive.A To giveB GivingC GiveD Given4.I hate ______ when there's no computer in the office.A thatB thisC themD it5.—Are you done with the book I gave you?—Not quite. I've read all ______ the last chapter.A butB towardC untilD beside6.Joseph is at the stage ______ he can say single words but not full sentences.A thatB whichC whatD where7.As gas is getting more and more expensive, many people are ______ public transportation.A looking forB setting upC turning toD changing into8.—Would you mind holding the door open for me, please?—______.A Don't mention itB Oh, with pleasureC Well, that's all rightD Thank you all the same9.Liz won't be at work next week—______a well-earned break.A she has hadB she hadC she was havingD she is having10.______ the town was attacked by the storm several times, little damage was done.A AsB IfC SinceD Although11.— Sorry, am I in your way? I'll move.— ______.A Oh, well done!B Well, that's my pleasurC Go aheaD Thank you for your kindnes12.I haven't seen you since you came back from holiday, ______ a nice time?A Do you haveB Did you haveC Have you hadD Had you had13.Though Mary continued working, she kept looking at the clock ______, thinking of her sick baby in hospital.A all the timeB at onceC after a whileD for a moment14.Not knowing the language of the country he was visiting, John had a hard time making himself ______.A understandB understoodC understandingD being understood15.If you spend ______ time with a baby long enough, you'll get ______ feeling for how the baby is feeling.A a; aB /; aC the; theD the; /第二节完型填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的([A]、[B]、[C]、[D])三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
专八口试2008年英译汉答案
2008年12月
英译汉
一位美籍教授在欢送外籍教师宴会上的祝酒词
女士们，先生们，晚上好！我知道在这个热闹非凡的场合中很难吸引大家的注意，因此我的祝酒词尽量简短些。
我想借此机会，代表所有的外籍教师感谢南平大学的全体教职员工，特别是外事办的工作人员和不同系的同事们，感谢你们2007-2008学年在各方面对我们的帮助，使我们感到家的温暖。
我知道接待外籍教师并不容易，因为我们对于中国很陌生，所以不免为你们增添了许多麻烦。
不像中国的教师一样，刚来时我们需要定位，需要帮助。
于是你们为我们做着一切，从领着我们到小超市到帮我们调试电脑。
学期开始时，又会回答我们无数有关课程的问题以及我们对于这里的教育体制的适应情况。
而这些中国教师都不需要问。
当然，最重要的是，我们呆在中国时，你们还为我们做了许多其他的事情。
比如说和我们一起过假期，带我们去有趣的旅游景点以及向我们介绍中国的传统美食。
然而，到了学期末，我们中的许多人就会离开，你们不得不为接待下一轮的外籍教师重复同样的过程。
年复一年，你们不次劳苦周到地做着这些。
因此今晚，我们想对你们为我们所做的一切事情表示感谢，就比如说今晚这个美好的宴会。
同时还要感谢你们今年投资十万元升级我们的网络服务。
然而，我们还要特别感谢你们每天为我们的生活所做的大事小事，点点滴滴。
请允许我举杯，为南平大学及所有使这个地方工作和生活变得美好的人们，干杯！。
9月高级口译翻译答案(下半场汉译英)
9月高级口译翻译答案(下半场汉译英)2011年秋季上海中高级口译考试将于9月18日开考，为了帮助考生朋友第一时间得知自己的考试情况，考试大口译笔译站点将会在考后第一时间为您发布9月18日上海中高级口译考试真题及答案，敬请关注！本文为考试大高级口译翻译答案（下半场汉译英）。
西塘是一个具有一千多年历史的水乡古镇，保存完好的明清时期建筑群是其他旅游景点所无法相比的。
徜徉古镇街头，使人们仿佛置身于一副美丽的水墨画之中。
河两岸高耸的粉墙和水中清晰的瓦房倒影，还有那在微风里婆娑摇曳的杨柳，似乎都在为这个古镇增添着异彩和生机。
在这个宁静的水镇里，生活的脚步似乎完全听命于那淌着潺潺流水的河流。
西塘可以说是水的同义词。
这里的河流是那样的蜿蜒曲折、波光粼粼，映射出一派宁静祥和的街景。
夜幕降临，河岸边数千盏灯笼与晚霞一并点燃，把整个小镇映衬得灯火通明，为镇民们照亮了回家的路。
Xitang, a river-side town with a history of more than 1,000 years, boasts a group of well-preserved buildings from Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty that are unmatched by any other resorts. Take a free walk in its streets, and you will feel as if you were in a picturesque Chinese ink painting. The high-standing white wall on both sides of the river and the clear reflection of tile-roofed houses in the water as well as the willows waving and dancing in the breeze all vividly bring life and vigor to the town.In this tranquility, the pace of life seems to be harmoniously subject to the gurgling streams. The name of the town, Xitang, is a synonym of water. The winding rivers with sparkling ripples give away the tranquility it has acquired. As the fall of night ignites thousands of lanterns along the riverbanks and set off the sunset glow, the whole town become ablaze with light and illuminates the way home for its residents.。
08年9月份原文答案
.2008年9月全国英语等级听力考试第二级Text 1W: I’ve been trying to call Sanny for over an hour, but the line’s been busy. Who do you think she’s talking to?M: Her parents or her boyfriend in Boston.Text 2W: Johnson’s Travel. Can I help you?M: I read about the special price for the plane ticket in the newspaper today. Would you please tell me more about it?Text 3M: These tomatoes are huge. You must water them a lot.W: Yes, I did. They ought to be right then after I pick by next Friday when we have a picnic.Text 4W: You know we really ought to go on that boat trip we talked about last month. Are you still interested?M: Yes, what about this coming weekend?Text 5M: Finally we’re going to look for a new home.W: Yes, I’m so excited, but first we have to think about where it should be. It has to be convenient for us to get to work.Text 6W: Good evening, Sir. May I help you?M: Yes. What kind of rooms do you have?W: How large is your party?M: Three. Two grown-ups and one child.W: Let’s see. We have a room with two double beds. How many nights?M: Just one. We only stay over night.Text 7M: Hi, Jane. Where are you going this summer holiday?W: Nowhere. I’m staying at home to help my mother in the shop. What are you going to do for the holidays, Tom?M: I’m not sure yet. But I’m thinking of going to the beach with my brothers.W: That’ll be nice. How long are you going to stay there?M: Couple of days I guess. See would you like to come along with us? We can go swimming in the sea.W: Thanks, but maybe next time. My mother really needs some help in the shop. Besides, I don’t want to miss my piano lessons. So have fun and see you in September.M: Well, see you then. Enjoy your holidays!Text 8M: Mary, are you coming out for lunch?W: No, I think I’ll stay in the office and have a sandwich.M: Why not come out? You need a change from this place.W: Thanks anyway. I think I’ll stay in.M: What is it? What’s the matter? You have been in this way all week.W: It’s nothing much.M: Come on. What’s the problem?W: Well. To tell the truth, I have had something on my mind. I’m thinking of giving up this job. M: But a job like yours? Why? You’re the best secretary in the company. I’m what of the best officers.W: I know. That’s the trouble.M: Then why leave? Have you looked for any other jobs anywhere?W: Not yet, but I will start looking.M: You still haven’t given one good season why you want to give up your job here.W: It’s difficult to say really.M: Try?W: Well, I suppose the journey is one thing. I am getting so tired of the journey into the centre of town, you know. Every day I spend 3 hours just on traveling to and from work.Text 9M: Hello.W: Hello. This is Susan Wilson. May I speak to Greg Robinson, please?M: Hi, Susan. It’s Greg. What can I do for you?W: Well, I’m calling about the theatre group. We’re looking for more people to join us, especially man. And I thought you might be interested.M: Oh, gosh! You know how much I love acting. But it’s my final year in university, and I’m taking very hard courses this term. I might be able to learn my part out I would hardly have time to come to the practices.W: We used to practice threes times a week. But now we practice only one night a week. Thursdays from seven ten. We have to put on extra time before a public performance, though. M: Only once a week you say. Well, could you give me time to think it over?W: Sure. But look, why don’t you come and watch our practice next Thursday? I think you like the way we work. When you see how much fun it is, you’ll want to join right away.M: OK, I’ll come to see the practice, but I can’t promise more than that.W: Great! I’ll give you a call to remind you. Talk to you then. Bye, now.M: Bye, Susan! 2008年9月全国英语等级听力考试第二级1—5ABBCC6—10CBBAA11—15AABBC16—20ACAAAText 10W: This is 7236627. Please leave a message.Good morning, Doctor David Green. This is Elizabeth Smith, the secretary for the meeting. I’m ringing you because we have to make some last minute-changes to the meeting and it isn’t time to write to you before the meeting starts. The reasons that I want to explain now. We have to make our meeting a half shorter than planned. Your talk is now on Saturday at 11:30 a.m. and not at 2:30 p.m. as you were advised before. We still expected your talk to last an hour. We hope the distance is not caused you many problems, and we apologize for the change. The place of the talk is still the Science Building, but it is in Lecture Hall B. I’m afraid the room in which you will be staying has also been changed. It’s now Room 208 in the Parkinson Building. You can pick up the room key from the information desk when you arrive. Thank you and look forward to seeing you at the meeting.。
高级口译阅读真题及答案九月
Questions 1~5British Aerospace is planning to set up its own university becauseit cannot recruit the skilled graduates it needs from existinginstitutions.BAe has a team drafting a range of options for the university, whichwould award its own degrees. Work on the scheme is expected to start in the next few months.Sir Richard Evans, chief executive of British Aerospace, hasalready launched a recruiting drive for engineers on the Continent because of a shortage of high-calibre domestic candidates. Advertising campaignsin France, Germany and other European countries will seek to attract students expecting to graduate in the summer. Other engineering employers are expe3cted to follow suit. The move to take on overseas graduates comes after BAe left one in five of its graduate places unfilled last year, blaming shortcomings in the education system. If the scheme is approved, BAe will either build a full university or incorporate sites at its main research and manufacturing centres at Farnborough, Surrey, and Warton, Lancashire. The company would have to convince the education authorities that the university had sufficient teaching capacity and autonomy for it to be allowed to award degrees. Bae said it was setting up its own education system and recruiting staff abroad because "there is a shortage of engineering graduates, both in terms of quantity and quality".The Engineering Employers' Federation said that skill shortageswere an urgent problem. Rolls-Royce, another large engineering employer, said there was a general skill shortage, although it had filled itsgraduate quota. Rolls will soon recruit internationally to reflect itsexpanding international operations.Engineering's failure to attract students has been attributed topoor pay and long-term prospects, given the decline in British manufacturing. BAe would not reveal how much it pays graduates, but Lucas Variety, a large engineering employer, paid a starting salary of ￡14,200last year. That compares with an average graduate starting salary of￡15,300, according to Income Data Services.British universities have found it increasingly difficult torecruit well-qualified undergraduates. Even Oxford and Cambridge fail to meet their quotas in many engineering subjects.Alan Smithers, whose Centre for Education and Employment Research,at Brunel University, produced a report on the supply of science and engineering graduates early this year, said that the discipline had beenover expanded. "There is now a lack of quality to withstand competitionin an increasingly international sphere. Companies go where they can find the best candidates."Engineering does not enjoy the high status in Britain that itoccupies in other parts of the world. Courses in other parts of Europeand the Far East command among the highest entry requirements of all degree subjects and take five years, rather than the norm of three in Britain.1. British Aerospace is recruiting engineers on the Continent ______.(A) as the pay for them can be much lower(B) as there are not enough well-qualified candidates at home(C) to compete with France, Germany and other European countries(D) to set up a university of its own.2. In the passage, the expression "to follow suit" in the sentence "Other engineering employers are expected to follow suit" (para. 4) can best be paraphrased as _______.(A) tojoin BAe in its recruiting scheme (B) to take theunanimous action(C) to recruit graduates overseas (D) to establishuniversities3. Which of the following is NOT the reason that engineering courses failto attract British students?(A) The decline of British manufacturing industry.(B) The recruitment of engineers abroad.(C) The lower pay for engineering graduates.(D) The long and slow process of success and promotion after graduation.4. "Oxford" and "Cambridge" are mentioned in the passage to show that_______.(A) they are the world famous universities.they are not cooperating with British Aerospace(C) they are reforming the engineering education(D) they can not fulfil their recruitment quotas in engineering5. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?(A) There should be further cooperation between British Aerospace and Higher Institutions(B) Shortage of engineers leads BAe to plan its own university(C) British Higher Education has recently been reevaluated(D) British Engineering education is severely criticized for its lackof qualityQuestion 6~10 In an unprecedented trans-European strike, Renault workers yesterday staged simultaneous stoppages in France, Belgium and Spain to protest against the car maker's decision to close its factory at Vilvoordein Belgium and cut 6,000 jobs.Despite union fury and a storm of criticism from French politiciansand the European Commission, Louis Schweitzer, the Renault chairman, insisted that the closure of the Belgian factory in July with the lossof 3,100 jobs was traumatic but necessary. "It's a brutal, hard and painful decision," Mr.Schweitzer said. "If we do nothing, the company will be." Up to one third of workers downed tools for one hour during each shiftin Paris and other parts of France, while Belgian demonstrators from the threatened Vilvoorde plant massed outside the French Embassy in Brussels and threw a car chassis across police barricades. Belgian Renault dealers across the country joined the protest by shutting up shop.The Renault board has approved a plan to shed an additional 2,764jobs in France, where stoppages began overnight at the Renault factoryin Le Mans, and continued yesterday at plants in Cleon, Sandouville and Douai.About 90 per cent of workers at four Renault plants in Spain downedtools for one hour and employees at factories operated in Belgium by General Motors, Volkswagen, Ford, Opel and Volvo also staged one-hour strikes in solidarity with their Renault counterparts./Workers at Renault plants in Portugal, however, did not respond tothe strike call.Up to one third of workers downed tools for one hour during each shiftin Paris and other parts of France, while Belgian demonstrators from the threatened Vilvoorde plant massed outside the French Embassy in Brussels and threw a car chassis across police barricades. Belgian Renault dealers across the country joined the protest by shutting up shop.The Renault board has approved a plan to shed an additional 2,764jobs in France, where stoppages began overnight at the Renault factoryin Le Mans, and continued yesterday at plants in Cleon, Sandouville and Douai. /About 90 per cent of workers at four Renault plants in Spain downedtools for one hour and employees at factories operated in Belgium by General Motors, Volkswagen, Ford, Opel and Volvo also staged one-hour strikes in solidarity with their Renault counterparts./Workers at Renault plants in Portugal, however, did not respond tothe strike call.Union leaders last night hailed the so-called "Eurostrike" as proofof cross-border workers' unity in the face of glaring gaps in Europeansocial legislation. /Mr. Schweitzer suggested that a new use might be found for theVilvoorde factory and that some workers may be transferred to other plants, but he showed no sign of backing off from the radical restructuring plan. Critics claim that he is callously taking advantage of differentlabour costs across Europe, and on Thursday Karl Van Miert, the European Commissioner, announced he was blocking Spanish investment subsides for Renault on the grounds that it was "absurd" to close the profitable Belgian plant.The Spanish Government yesterday decided to suspend its request for approval of an 8 million subsidy it had planned to provide for a Renaultinvestment in Valladolid.The management of the newly-privatised French automaker claims thatthe Vilvoorde plant was singled out because it has the highest production costs.While President Chirac of France has expressed "shock" at the abruptway the closure was announced, as Mr. Schweitzer pointed out "the French Government has not said that the decision should be altered, correctedor that it was not good for the company".6. The Belgians demonstrated outside the French Embassy in Brussels______.(A) to protest against French President Chirac's speech(B) to support French workers' strike at Renault plants(C) to protest against the closure of the Vilvoorde factory by theFrench car maker(D) to voice their solidarity with all Renault workers7. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.(A) about 6,000 jobs will be cut from the Renault factory at Vilvoordein Belgium(B) one third of workersin the Vilvoorde factory will lose their jobs(C) about 6,000 workers will be laid off from Renault factories inBelgium and France(D) the strikes at Renault plants in Belgium and France will lead toa dismissal of about 6,000 workers8. According to the passage, the workers at factories operated in Belgiumby General Motors, Volkswagen, Ford, Opel and Volvo staged strikes _____.(A) to protest against the closure of their plants(B) to demand higher wages(C) to demand more subsidies from their governments(D) to support workers in Renault plants9. The expression "was singled out" (para. 11) can be replaced by whichof the following?(A) was closed down (B) waschosen(C) was reconstructed (D) wasseparated10.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?(A) Renault workers in several European countries staged strikeagainst the closure of the Vilvoorde factory.(B) The French Government planned to take action to change the decisionof the Renault board.(C) The decision to close the Renault factory in Vilvoorde met strongcriticism from different circles.(D) The labour costs of automobile industry vary greatly from countryto country, even in Europe.Question 11~15The Australian art world swooned when they saw the work of "Aboriginal" painter Eddie Burrup, whose haunting canvases depicted Aboriginal "Dreamtime" legends.The only trouble is, Eddie Burrup does not exist. He is a figmentof the imagination of an 82-year-old white woman whose hoax has embarrassed the cognoscenti and infuriated the nation's indigenous artists. Not since Brisbane literary award winner, Helen Demidenko, admitted she fooled the publishing world in 1995 by assuming a false identity, have Australia's artistic elite been so humbled.The elderly painter who so successfully pulled the wool overeveryone's eyes, is in fact Elizabeth Durack, a pastoralist, author and amateur anthropologist who lives in the remote Kimberley region of Western Australia. Under Burrup's fictitious name, she produced a range of critically acclaimed work, including paintings, photographs andeven an autobiography. Everyone assumed Burrup was recluse living a hermit's existence in the Outback."His" creations were so impressive that they even featured in atouring Aboriginal art show. This month some of the works were due to be entered for the highly respected Sulman Prize, to be announced on March 21. But after yesterday's revelation "Burrup's" work will almostcertainly be withdrawn.Durack, of Irish descent, is a member of one of the country's mostfamous pioneering families. She is a well-know painter in her own right and confessed to her deception in an arts magazine, but refused to explain her motivation. "It's my last creative phase," was all she would say. However, art historian Robert Smith, a close family friend, defendedher actions. "she has created a character,just a playwright or a poet ora novelist will create a character," he said. "She hasn't appropriatedany motifs or themes, or forms of Aboriginal art at all," he insisted. Members of the Aboriginal art community were less forgiving,claiming she had stolen indigenous culture. "It's the last thing left thatyou could possibly take away other than our lives or shoot us all." John Mundine, an Aboriginal art curator, said. Doreen Mellor, senior curatorat Flinders Art Museum in Adelaide, said: "As an Aboriginal person I feel really offended."Ironically, the Durack family probably has a deeper knowledge of Aboriginal affairs than many other white settlers, having lived among Australia's indigenous people in Kimberley for nearly 180 years. In thelast century the Duracks had a reputation as the only family of pastoralists who did not shoot Aborigines.11.According to the passage. Eddie Burrup _______.(A) is an 82-year-old female painter(B) has long fascinated the Australian art world(C) has lived in Western Australia for many years(D) is an imaginary male Aboriginal painter12.According to the passage, the Australian artistic circles ______.(A) highly appreciate the work of Eddie Burrup(B) do not cosider Durack to be an artist(C) felt cheated by the trick of Elizabeth Durack(D) acknowledged Durack's contribution to the Aboriginal art13. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.(A) Durack imitated paintings from other Aboriginal artists(B) Durack lacked confidence in her own painting skills(C) Durack knew much about Aboriginal culture(D) Durack devoted all her life to the creation of Eddie Burrup14. The word "appropriated" in the sentence "She hasn't appropriated any motifs or themes, or forms of Aboriginal art at all," (para. 6) can bereplaced by which of the following?(A) made proper useof (B) used asher own invention(C) imitated and copied (D) studiedand designed15.Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the passage?(A) Many white men killed or injured the native people in Australiain the last century.(B) The Durack family have been hostile to Australia's natives.(C) The Aboriginal artists criticised Durack's deceptive behaviour.(D) Some people felt sympathetic with Durack after the revelation ofher deception.Question 16~20The medical world was thrown into confusion yesterday when a judgeruled that food and hydration could be withdrawn from a 29-year-old woman,even though doing so would not strictly follow rules laid down by the Royal College of Physicians.The woman, known as Miss D, was suffering a "living death" and the timehad come for "merciful relief," said Sir Stephen Brown, President of theHigh Court Family Division.The case breaks new ground because in previous cases where doctorshave applied to turn off life-support machines of seriously brain-damaged patients, the victims have been in a "persistent vegetative state"(PVS).Miss D was not considered by experts to be in a PVS because she could track movement with her eyes and responded to cold water being poured into her ears.James Munby QC, who was appointed to represent the woman's interests, told Sir Stephen that the reason the Royal College had been anxious to identify what he had called a "bright line" over which the boundariesshould not be pushed was because there was always a danger of going downa "slippery slope". But the judge, in his ruling said that all theconsultants, doctors, medical team and family were agreed that Miss D had no awareness of her surroundings or herself, and all the evidence was that there was "no possibility of any meaningful life whatsoever". SirStephen said that he did not feel he was altering the boundaries of whocould be allowed to die. "I am driven to the conclusion... that it is inthis patient's best interest to withdraw the artificial feeding andhydration which is keeping her body alive."But the judgement was condemned by the anti-euthanasia group. Alert, which said the "barbaric practice" of cutting off life support systemsbto braindamaged patients should be banned. Dr.Peggy Norris, chairwomanof Alert, said: "Withholding food and fluids from a person capable of experiencing thirst had been used as a form of torture."The British Medical Association took the vies, however, that thejudgement did not extend the categories of patients from whom nutritionand hydration can be withdrawn. "It is an acknowledgment that it wouldbe ethically acceptable to consider withdrawal of nutrition and hydrationfrom and individual who has permanently lost his or her sentience and awareness," a spokesman said.Miss D was at university when she was seriously injured in a roadaccident in 1989. She recovered enough to walk round in familiar surroundings, but in 1995 was found unconscious in her bed, probably having had an epileptic fit. She has never subsequently recovered consciousness.This week her feeding tube had become dislodged, and a smalloperation would have been needed to replace it. Consequently the hospital trust caring for her had applied to the court for a declaration that itwas lawful to "discontinue all life sustaining treatment." Its requestwas upheld.A spokesman for the Royal College of Physicians said the decisionhad caused confusion. "We set up a working group to produce guidelines,in order to help doctors in a difficult situation. But they are onlyguidelines and thejudge is not obliged to follow them. Thejudgement doesnot change them, but it seems to be leading to some uncertainty among doctors."16. The case which concerns Miss D is mainly about ______.(A) whether she was in a "persistent vegetative state"(B) if she should be given further medical treatment(C) which method to be used to recover her consciousness(D) whether the withdrawal of food and fluids from her isjustifiable17. In the passage, the expression "breaks new ground" (para. 3) can be paraphrased as which of the following?(A) makes new discoveries (B) providesfurther opportunities(C) brings new problems (D) makesbreakthroughs18.What is the major issue of the argument according to the passage?(A) The redefinition of "persistent vegetative state."(B) The stoppage of life sustaining treatment to non PVS patients.(C) The ethical issues in treating PVS patients.(D) The distinctions between PVS and non PVS patients.19. It can be concluded that the author of the passage ______.(A) gives his personal opinion about the issue in question(B) reaches a comprehensive conclusion in the end(C) provides a detailed introduction on the issue of euthanasia(D) offers an objective report on different views towards the issue20. According to the spokesman for the Royal College of Physicians, thejudgement has ______.(A) set a precedent for future cases(B) strictly followed the guidelines set up by the Royal College of Physicians(C) brought about certain confusion in the medical profession(D) led to strong opposition in the medical world翻译：A commonplace criticism of American culture is its excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect of the human spirit. Americans, it is alleged, worship only "the almighty dollar." We scramble to "keep up with the Joneses." The love affair between Americans and their automobiles has been a continuing subject of derisive commentary by both foreign and domestic critics. Americans are said to live by a quantitative ethic. Bigger is better, whether in bombs or sedans. The classical virtues of grace, harmony, and economy of both means and ends are lost on most Americans. As a result, we are said to be swallowing up the world's supply of natural resources, which are irreplaceable. Americans constitute 6 percent of the world's population but consume over a third of the world's energy. These are now familiar complaints. Indeed,in some respects Americans may believe the "pursuit of happiness" to mean the pursuit of material things.Questions 1~4 /A judge condemned European Union laws against corporal punishmentand the rise in single-parent families as he sent two young arsonists toa secure unit yesterday.Sentencing the boys, aged ten and 13, to two and a half years, Judge Rodwell QC said in Luton Crown Court that the abolition of corporal punishment in schools had left teachers unable to discipline unruly youngsters, leading to an increase in delinquency.The boys, who cannot be named for legal reasons, set fire to aneighbour's house as they roamed the streets of a council estate afterbeing expelled from school.Judge Rodwell said: "With the best intention in the world corporal punishment has been abolished and indeed that is a requirement of the EU"."But this has resulted in an extremely unsatisfactory situation.Nobody wants children to be flogged but it is no longer possible for a teacher to deal with even a minor incident by a cuff round the ear or a smack on the hand, which is swift and something the child entirely understands and stops minor incidents escalating."If the child does not respond to being told not to bring gin intoschool or beat his mates up the teacher has to go through discipline procedures. If the correct procedures are followed a great deal of verbiage comes out which may satisfy the intelligent niceties of educationists but has no impact on a great number of children. Suspension is hardly a sanction."The judge expressed concern over single-parent families, and saidthat children needed two parents. The boys had both come from broken homes.He said:"Both children come from homes where a father for a lot of the time was not present. It is often said that in single-parent homes children can be given as much love as they need but that is not the entire answer." During their trial last month the court was told that the two boyswere among a gang of children who harassed the Smith family on the Downsideestate, Dunstable, Bedfordshire.One day, the boys put paper through the letter box and tried to setlight to it, but failed. Then a woman neighbour, described by the judgeas "the neighbour from hell". lent them a lighter so they kicked the doorin and started a fire a on a hall table.The blaze left the house uninhabitable, causing ￡4,000 damage tothe building and destroying virtually everything the family owned. The boys denied arson.1. Why were the two boys sent to a secure unit?2. What is corporal punishment referred to in this passage? Cite examples of corporal punishment from the passage.3. What are the advantages of corporal punishment, according to Judge Rodwell?4. Explain in your own words the statement "suspension is hardly asanction" (para. 6)?Question 5~7Five train companies will have to ask for more cash from the next government to run services, according to a report out yesterday.The study, conducted by a former transport analyst with Cityaccountants Coopers and Lybrand for Save Our Railways, the pressure group, claimed that many private operators bid so aggressively for train services they will be unable to meet the ambitious targets they have set themselves. Another four franchises are likely to run into financialdifficulties, making losses even if they manage to increase revenues by16 per cent over seven years.The loss-making franchises--Cardiff Railways, West Anglia and Great Northern and South Wales and West, Thameslink and Thames Trains--are likely to require more than ￡500m in extra subsidy in order to keep trains running. /"There has been concern in the rail industry for some time aboutthe way that some of the later franchises were let to bidders who weretaking a gamble," said Keith Bill, national secretary of Save OurRailways.The City's initial concerns about rail privatisation have meant that many early bids were "given away". South West Trains, which introducedan emergency timetable after cutting driver numbers, is predicted to make nearly ￡480m if it grows at 3 per cent a year.Also likely to make bumper profits are Great Western, which runsexpress InterCity services from London to the west country and could make ￡462m, and French-based company CGEA, in line for more than ￡600m fromits two commuter services. Campaigners point out that Opraf, the government body which let out franchises, realised that some would make money and others would run into difficulties.Train companies said that the growth forecasts were too low. "In twoyears we have increased our takings by 50 per cent," said a spokesman for Thames Trains. "So we expect to grow for faster than this report estimates."The analysis should jolt Labour's rail policy into life. The speedsell-off of British Rail has caught the party off-guard and forced itstransport team into a series of embarrassing U-turns--which hasculminated in a decision not to take any bankrupt train service intopublic hands. /"We will consider all the options and as a last resort we will offera bankrupt train srvice to private bidders in order to secure the bestdeal for the taxpayer," said a sopkeswoman for Andrew Smith, the shadow Secretary of State of Transport.Senior railway managers point out that this would mean that theLabour party would be forced into paying moresubsidy.5. Why are some train companies likely to make losses even if they manage to increase revenue?6. What does the sentence "many early bids were `given away'" (para. 6) mean?7. According to the passage, what are the impacts of the speed privatisation of British Rail on the Labour Party?Question 8~10The message in London's singles flat market is clear if you can findanything you like then buy now, Dixie Nichols writes.London is seeing "a vibrant and wealthy singles flat market"according to David Salvi of the Clerkenwell agents Hurford, Salvi and Carr. The middle market flat agents Douglas & Gordon and Chestertons both say prices in the sector are up 20 per cent on a year ago, both say this sector has improved by 20 per cent in the past 12 months, and both have a backlog of buyers. /Melissa Carter, of Douglas & Gordon's Battersea office, says: "Whatwas a good offer two months ago looks about right now. the deals are holding and valuers (who had been acting as a brake) are now prepared to follow." Buyers in the singles market come wielding big deposits (up to a thirdof the price is not unusual), and frequently leapfrog the studio andone-bed flats starting in at two beds. Often the second bed is let to afriend to take the sting out of the mortgage. /Although agents complain of there not being enough stock, there isa steady influx from the commercial block conversions. The new wave of developments is hitting the market now.The market is hungry and snaps up anything well priced. The Ziggurat Building in Clerkenwell, north London, sold all 34 units in its first phase within an hour of opening its doors, but the price was exceptional-- ￡140a sq ft when most schemes hover at ￡200 to ￡250.The developers' headline price may not have shot up in the past yearbut the amount of space you get for your money has been shaved, When Sapcote's Beauchamp Building in Hatton Garden, central London, was introduced last September the shell sizes of 1,200 to 1,400 sq ft were。
专八口译08年口译试题答案
08年口译试题Task 1联想集团总裁关于更换品牌标识的讲话The speech of the president of Lenovo Group on the Change of Brand Logo1.今天是一个值得联想人永远铭记的日子。
•Today will always be remembered by all the staff of Lenovo.•Today will be engraved on the heart and memory of every member of Lenovo.•Today is a day that every Lenovo member will bear in mind forever.•此事值得铭记。
It is worthy to be remembered.•20世纪的历史教训值得铭记,维护和发展和平友好的国际环境是人类共同的责任。
•Historical lessons of the 20th century should never be forgotten. To maintain and develop an international surrounding with peace and friendship is the responsibility of all the human beings.•铭记在心。
Bear this in mind.•那个事件铭记在我的记忆里。
The event was imprinted on my memory.•他的忠言被铭记在我的心头。
His advice was graven on my mind.•她父亲的话铭记在她记忆中。
Her father's words were inscribed in her memory•她对自己所负的责任铭记在心。
She is mindful of her responsibilities.2.我非常高兴和大家一起见证联想品牌新标识的诞生。
2007年03月~2013年09月高级口译汉译英翻译真题及答案
2007年03月~2013年09月高级口译汉译英翻译真题及答案一、2007年03月翻译二（汉译英）：中国政府高度重视保护环境，认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建设的全局和长远发展，是造福当代、惠及子孙的事业。
中国政府将环境保护确立为一项基本国策，在推进经济发展的同时，采取一系列措施加强保护环境。
特别是近年来，中国政府坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、重点突破，着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题；坚持创新体制机制，领先科学进步，强化环境法治，发挥社会各方面的积极性。
经过努力，环境污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓，部分流域污染治理初见成效，部分城市和地区环境质量有所改善，全社会保护环境意识进一步增强。
汉译英答案：The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection has a bearing on the overall situation of China’s modernization drive and its long-term development and that it is an undertaking which will not only benefit the Chinese people of today but also bring benefit to their children and grand children. The Chinese government has established environmental protection as a basic national policy. While promoting economic growth, it has adopted a series of measures to protect the environment. Especially in recent years, adhering to the principle of prevention first, comprehensive control, entire push-on and key-point breakthrough, Chinese government has made great efforts to solve those outstanding environmental problems that threaten people’s health. It has persisted in institutional innovation, relied on technological advances, strengthened the role of law in environmental protection and brought into full play the initiative of various sectors of the society. Thanks to these efforts, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and ecological destruction has slowed down, pollution control in some river basins has achieved some initial success, the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved to some extent, and the people’s awareness of the importance of environmental protection has increased further.二、2007年09月翻译二（汉译英）：据说，上海男人是最好丈夫。
2008年9月全国英语等级考试真题
2008年9月全国英语等级测试真题Section ⅠListening Comprehension1—25(略)Section ⅡUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.A webcam is a digital came ra that sends video images to other computer users. It’s about the (26) of a golf ball and typically (27) on top of your computer monitor. Once the webcam is (28) to the USB port of your computer with the necessary software, (29) images of you can be sent to one or more users over the Internet (30) an instant messaging(IM) service.A webcam costs about $50. More expensive models come with added (31) , such as better picture resolution. Two leading makers, Logitech and Creative, offer a range of models,(32) software is included. There is no extra Internet (33) to send or receive video images, though you’ll have to (34) for a free instant messaging service. Everyone can see and hear one another in (35) time. Grandparents can see their grandkids more (36) Webcams can work with almost any computer bought in the past five years and can (37) long distance phone bills.(38) you have broadband, that is, a high-speed cable-modem or DSL connection, images may (39)a long time to download, (40) a slide show rather than a movie. While webcams are easy to link to your computer, learning to (41) the software can take time. You have to make. some rearrangement with the configurations.(42) you have a 56k modem and the people you want to (43) won’t mind seeing live shots instead of perfect video, a webcam is still fun, (44) before you buy, be sure everyone, (45) for the same IM service.26. [A] weight [B] size [C] volume [D] space27. [A] rests [B] remains [C] stays [D] sits28. [A] joined [B] attached [C] connected [D] fastened29. [A] live [B] living [C] lively [D] lovely30. [A] via [B] with [C] from [D] in31. [A] devices [B] features [C] designs [D] attachments32. [A] so [B] but [C] for [D] and33. [A] limit [B] charge [C] registration [D] rate34. [A] check in [B] log in [C] sign up [D] draw up35. [A] true [B] actual [C] genuine [D] real36. [A] recently [B] frequently [C] realistically [D] immediately37. [A] reduce [B] reform [C] remove [D] retain38. [A] Although [B] Because [C] Unless [D] Whereas39. [A] waste [B] have [C] spend [D] take40. [A] resembled [B] resembling [C] to resemble [D] resemble41. [A] use [B] write [C] download [D] fix42. [A] because [B] though [C] if [D] unless43. [A] reach [B] touch [C] know [D] show44. [A] nevertheless [B] so [C] besides [D] but45. [A] register [B] pays [C] seeks [D] asksSection ⅢReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B,C or D. Markyour answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Text 1A former town hall worker made legal history last week when she was awarded 67,000 pounds for stress brought on by her work. The ruling made Beverley Lancaster the first person to get their employer to accept legal responsibility for stress-related personal injury in a British court. It is likely to start a flood of other worker’s claims; Mrs. Lancaster’s union already has 7,000 stress-related cases on its books.The 44-year-old mother of two started a legal case against Birmingham City Council after falling ill while working as a troubleshooter in a neighborhood housing office. Dealing with rude and abusive members of the public pushed her into periods of gloom and she suffered anxiety, Birmingham county court heard. Mrs. Lancaster joined the council at 16, working her way up from junior clerk to senior draughtswoman. Her problems began when she was promoted to housing officer in Sutton Oldfield. "With no continuity, a constant high workload and little clerical support, I found it difficult to switch from one problem or situation to another," she said. "My concentration swung and I suffered sleepless nights. It made me feel like I was in a hole with no key to open the door. I would break down in tears. I was being in paperwork and at times my mind would just go blank."In awarding compensation of 67,491 pounds, assistant recorder Frances Kirkham said she understood the position of troubleshooter was very different from Mrs. Lancaster’s precious job. She rejected claims from the council that Mrs. Lancaster would be able to go back to her former profession, saying she accepted that the possibility of future work would be less capacity.After the hearing Mrs. Lancaster said she was relieved and pleased. She added, "I hope this will act as a warning to employers. Everything I did was right. The council made promises to me and they failed me. I felt isolated, let down, that I was not good enough, not wanted." The payout, the first of its kind to be decided in a county court, covers loss of wages and future loss of earnings.A spokesman for Birmingham City Council said action had been taken by the authority to review its staff and management procedures.46. Mrs. Beverley Lancaster was awarded 67,000 pounds for ______.[A] illness caused by her job[B] her successful and good luck[C] the courage she showed in court[D] the amount of work she did47. Mrs. Beverley Lancaster took legal action against the city council because ______.[A] it refused to award her for her job[B] she had to deal with rude members of the council[C] it was responsible for her problems[D] it denied her any clerical support48. The Lancaster case shows that employees have the right to get compensation if they ______.[A] are given work that they are unable to do[B] suffer mental injury caused by their work[C] are forced to do work that they don’t like[D] feel isolated, let down and extremely anxious49. It can be inferred that ______.[A] Mrs. Lancaster will find a better paid job in the future[B] the job of draughtswoman is very demanding[C] the court may hear more stress-related cases[D] the job of housing officer causes mental injuries50. If Birmingham City Gouncil plans to move an employee to a new job, it will definitely make sure that ______.[A] there is continuity between the two jobs[B] no complaints from the employee occur[C] the amount of work is reduced for the new job[D] the employee is prepared for any mental problemsText 2Life learning (sometimes called un-schooling or self-directed learning) is one of those concepts that are almost easier to explain by saying what it isn’t, than what it is. And that’s probably beca use our own schooled backgrounds have convinced us that learning happens only in a dedicated building on certain days, between certain hours, and managed by a specially trained professional.Within that schooling framework, no matter how hard teachers try and no matter how good their textbooks, many bright students get bored, many slower students struggle and give up or lose their self-respect, and most of them reach the end of the process unprepared to enter into society. They have memorized a certain body of knowledge long enough to rush back the information on tests, but they haven’t really learnt much, at least of the official curriculum.Life learners, on the other hand, know that learning is not difficult, that people learn things quite easily if they’re not compelled and forced, if they see a need to learn something, and if they are trusted and respected enough to learn it on their own timetable, at their own speed, in their own way. They know that learning cannot be produced in us and that we cannot produce it in others—no matter what age and no matter whether we’re at school or at home.Life learning is independent of time, location or the presence of teacher. It does not require mom or dad to teach, or kids to work in workbooks at the kitchen table from 9 to noon from September to June. Life learning is learner-driven. It involves living and learning—in and from the real world. It is about exploring, questioning, experimenting, making messes, taking risks without fear of making mistakes, being laughed at and trying again.Furthermore, life learning is about trusting kids to learn what they need to know and about helping them to learn and grow in their own ways. It is about providing positive experiences that enable children to understand the world and their culture and to interact with it.51. It is implied in the text that it is hard to ______.[A] carry life learning though [B] tell the nature of life learning[C] learn without going to school [D] find a specially trained teacher52. According to the author, the schooling framework often ______.[A] produces slow students with poor memories[B] ignores some parts of the official curriculum[C] fails to provide enough knowledge about life[D] gives little care to the quality of teaching materials53. Life learners recognize that learning will not be difficult if they are ______.[A] clear about why to learn [B ] careful to make a time table[C] able to respect other people [D] cautious about any mistakes54. According to the author, life learning ______.[A] could prevent one from running risks[B] could be a road full of trials and errors[C] makes a kid independent of his parents[D] teaches a kid how to avoid being scorned55. Through life learning, children ______.[A] will grow without the assistance from parents[B] will learn to communicate with the real world[C] will be driven to learn necessary life knowledge[D] will be isolated from the negative side of societyText 3To find Kim Hyung Gyoon’s office in Samsung’s R&D complex, just follow the baskets of dirt clothes. No, Kim is not running the company laundry. As chief of Samsung’s Washing & Cleaning Technology Group(WCTG), he’s the man behind a new washing machine that deposits tiny silver particles(small pieces of things) —about 1 / 10,000 the thickness of a human hair— onto clothes to make them germ-and-odor-free without the need of hot water. The device represents the first mass-produced application of this tape of nanotechnology — the science of very small structures—to home appliances. "In summer of 2002, I asked everyone in the office to take off their socks," says Kim. "took one sock from each person and placed it in a regular washing machine; the others were washed in a machine with the Ag+ Nano System. The next day, I asked everyone to check the odor of their socks after a day’s wear. One began produce a strong unpleasant smell, and the other was odorless."Kim says he came up with the idea five years ago while on a business trip to Japan, where he learned of a brand of socks that retained their freshness even after many days of unwashed wear and tear. Tiny sticks of sliver with germ-killing chemicals were woven into the fabric. When he got back to Seoul, Kim applied the principle to washing machines.According to the Korea Testing & Research Industry, Samsung’s device kills 99.9% of germs. Kim says garments stay germ-free for up to a month after being laundered. The Ag+ Nano device went on sale in March 2003 and costs around $1,150; the revolutionary technology is also being used in Samsung’s refrigerators and air conditioners.No wonder: consumers seem to a little sliver in their spin cycles. S ince Samsung’s nano-armed products were first launched, they have brought in an estimated $779 million in revenue. Overall, nanotech has been one of science’s fastest-growing fields in recent years, with potential applications in fields as diverse as energy production and toothpaste manufacture. The nanotech market is projected to be worth $1 trillion by 2015.56. Which of the following best describes the nature of Kim Hyung Gyoon’s work?[A] Product development. [B] Market investigation.[C] Research designing. [D] Sales promotion.57. One advantage of nano-armed washing machines is that ______.[A] one wash-load is much larger than before[B] the clean-up is done with an additional benefit[C] cleaning powder is no longer necessary[D] a lot of water could be saved58. In terms of nanotechnology, Kim was the first ______.[A] to use it in washing machines [B] to come up with the idea[C] to introduce it to Korea [D] to apply it to socks59. The author believes that the future of nanotechnology will be ______.[A] conspicuous [B] distinctive[C] foreseeable [D] promising60. This text centers on ______.[A] the success of an enterprise[B] the application of a technology[C] the market share of Samsung’s WCTG[D] the mass-production of a home appliancePart BDirections:Read the following texts in which 5 people expressed their opinions about the concept of "happiness". For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each person (61 to 65) to one of the statements (A to G ) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Heather McCoyEntering a bookstore, one cannot help but notice entire shelves devoted to books boating knowledge of the true path to happiness.Whether this wave of infomercials and books can actually make people happier is the question. Happiness cannot be found by adhering to a narrow set of steps or rules. Finding happiness is not as simple as following a how-to manual, it’s something that every person must find in his or her own way.Gary RussellDoes happiness grow proportionally with wealth? Hardly.Experiences teaches us material satisfaction comes only when one finds himself wealthier than those around him; and, in a like manner, one feels of being lowered when confronting a billionaire, while a worker with a monthly salary of several hundred dollars becomes the envy of the villagers in remote mountainous regions.David NivenTrue happiness is not a result from human action. Results are temporary whereas happiness is everywhere and can neither be created nor destroyed. True happiness is realized by understanding one’s own SELF. With true happiness there is no place for disappointments! True happiness may mean pain and restraint in the beginning but will lead to eternal joy and freedom. To achieve true happiness, we should isolate and remove the negatives.Joshua PartyHappiness is a state of mind. You can be happy in almost any situation. Likewise, you can be unhappy in an equal number of situations. In the end, it’s your decision.If one can control one’s unhappiness, then one must be able to control one’s happiness. As far as I know, the Human Genome Project has not been able to identify a single part of any human chromosome which is responsible for happiness.Laura JohnsonSo what makes me a happy person? Studying to be a journalist because I loved to write, not because it pays a lot of money. Skiing in the winter snow and swimming in the summer sun. Spending time with my close friends from home that like the real me just as much as the old me. Being in a stable family. Reading romance novels and watching bizarre movies. Having a boyfriend who knows more about rock and roll history than I do.Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statements.Note: there are two extra statements.61. Heather McCoy62. Gary Russell63. David Niven64. Joshua Party65. Laura JohnsonStatements[A ] Happiness lies in persistent pursuit.[ B ] Happiness is in your own hand.[C ] Freedom is positively related to happiness.[D] Happiness is based on comparison.[E] There does not exist a guide to happiness.[F] Happiness is a balance between man and nature.[G] Happiness is all about doing what you want to.Section ⅣWritingDirections:You should write your responses to both Part A and Part B of this section on ANSWER SHEET 2.Part AYour TV broke down only one week after it was bought. Write a letter of complaint to the store where yourTV set was bought,1. to express what is wrong with your TV set;2. to make your request (change for a new one, or return the broken one ... );3. to urge the store to give an early reply.You should write approximately 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter. Use "Wang Lin" instead. You do not need to write your address and the date.Part BBellow is a cartoon about Chinese domestic migration of human resources in recent years. Look at the cartoon and write an essay of about 120 words, make reference to the following points:1. a description of the cartoon;2. the cause and effect of this migration.2008年9月全国英语等级测试真题Section ⅠListening Comprehension(略)Section ⅡUse of English26．B [分析]本题考查语义的理解。
2008年9月上海中级口译笔试真题答案及听力原文
2008年9月上海中级口译笔试真题答案及听力原文SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. common interest2. mutual friend connection3. 5 p.m.4. sacrifice5. adult interaction6. potential7. comfortable and secure8. local restaurant9. major function 10. annual summer picnics 11. in jeans and T-shirts 12. in their own homes 13. his employees 14. formal banquets 15. an open house 16. anytime 17. 1 to 2 hours 18. as they please 19. light snacks 20. poor practice to refusePart B: I. Statements1. B 原文：I really cannot decide whether to dig up information from the Internet for our annual report over the weekend or go shopping with my friends. But maybe a break would do me good.2. C 原文：Rarely do new employees take such initiatives as Mr. Johnson does. Usually they’ll w ait until they’re familiar with their working environment.3. B原文：The subject of the conference is marketing and sales. And I was wondering if you could give us a talk, say, fifty minutes or so, on cost-effective publicity.4. A原文：If a family has a baby, it brings about special food and clothing needs. When that child grows up, he or she will more directly influence their parents' choice of daily commodities.5. C原文：Not all sugar-containing foods are bad. For example, an apple has its main calories come f rom sugar, but it’s surrounded by fiber, so it digests slowly and keeps blood sugar under control.6. D原文：Had I known that we could buy exactly the same type of camera cheaper on the Internet,I would not have placed the order and paid for this one.7. A原文：By far, the most serious economic problem is that of inflation, now being accelerated by the rise of unemployment, and threatened further by a possible wage explosion.8. D原文：According to our economists, a tariff is a kind of tax imposed by the government on goods imported from abroad.9. A原文：Due to our vigorous advertising campaign, the sales figure for our new product has reached 360,000 dollars this month, three times of our original promotion plan.10. B原文：Although the short report was well written and documented, it failed to convince the committee to vote against the proposed project.II. Talks and ConversationsQuestions 11-14M: Well, as an overseas student, I suppose you don't have a great deal of earning power, so inflation must have affected you to some extent.W：Yes, it affects me in that my parents aren't able to afford to pay my tuition. So I've been forced into taking part of my study time to devote to earning as much as I can to help pay for that.M: You mean you've been taking part-time jobs? What kind of jobs are they?W: There are quite a number of par-time jobs available for overseas students here. There are the student cafeteria, university libraries, and of course, the summer course programs offered by the education centre. Presently, I've been working in the university book store, the second-hand book division.M: But that kind of cuts into your studies, I suppose.W: It does, to a certain extent. But I found that with the added pressure of having to earn money, I use my study time more effectively and get more done.M: So in that sense, it's kind of a good thing for you.11．What is the woman doing now? D 12．According to the conversation, which of the following is the major reason for the woman to work part-time while in the university? C 13．Where is the woman working part-time now? B 14．What will the woman do with the added pressure of having to earn money herself? A Questions 15~18If you want to improve your memory, be confident! That may sound a bit ridiculous, but that is what happened you learn to ride a bicycle or drive a car, isn’t it? At first, you did it awkwardly, but the more you practiced, the surer you were. The activity had changed from a set of awkward rules to nerve-ending responses. You had it on your finger tips. A while back I had each student in class learn the first and last names of everyone else, all in one fifty minute period. I had never done this before myself. And I was expected to perform when everyone else had finished. There I was encouraging everyone while I was getting sweaty hands and developing considerable anxiety.What if the teacher failed? It was hard but I did manage with one or two mistakes. But after that session, it got easier and easier. Now I am absolutely sure I can do it with 120 students each semester. That is 240 bits of information. Not only that, but I am not at all worried, no sweaty palms. The less anxious I am, the better I perform. That is the point. Success makes you more confident and confidence makes it easier to succeed. So try it till you succeed. Then try a few more times just to convince yourself.15．Who is the speaker? D 16．Why did the woman get sweaty hands when remembering names? C 17．How many students does the woman probably teach each semester? B 18．According to the woman, what makes her more confident? D Questions 19~22M: Good morning, Patricia. How are you these days?W: Fine, thanks, Bill. Glad to see you again. What news can you bring from your business trip to our headquarters in New York last week?M: Well, not bad ones. During my stay in New York last week, I met our company's CEO Mr. Johnson. He wants us to put on a local conference sometime next month. I remember you made most of the arrangements for our last conference, and things went so smoothly. I thought I couldn't do better than ask you for some tips.W: I'll be glad to help. Is it a sales conference again?M: Yes, in a way. It's mainly for agents from home and abroad, and we're inviting a few of our influential customers. The objectives are mainly to introduce the products we'll put in on the markets next season, to describe our services to customers and so on.W: And how many people are expected to attend this time? Last time, it was about 220.M: We're counting on 300 this time. No more than 350.W: Then we can not use the seaside conference hall again. It has a capacity of only 250.M: That's the trouble. I was thinking of the President Convention Center, which has a larger capacity. Besides, I haven't worked out all those details yet. Then there are other things to arrange, like loudspeakers and visual aids. I'm going to make a checklist.W: Yes, I did that, too. I’ll be glad to give you a hand.M: That would be great, Patricia. I’d very much like to chance of using some of your experience.May I invite you to lunch today? And then we could have a bit of planning session about it all afterwards.19. What was the man doing last week? B20. Who will be invited to attend a local conference next month? C21. According to the woman, about how many people attended the last conference in the seasideconference hall? A 22. Which of the following will NOT be included in the man's checklist for his planning of theconference? D Questions 23~26If you are driving a car to work or to a seaside resort, safety is always the top priority. Here are some of the tips for driving safely.First, drive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about, particularly in crowded shopping streets. When you see a bus stop or near a parked mobile shop, Watch out for pedestrians coming from behind parked or stopped vehicles, or from other places where you might not be able to see them. Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured in traffic accidents are either under the age of 15 or over 60. The young and the elderly may not judge speeds very well, and may step into the road when you do not expect them. Give them plenty of time to cross the road. Also, stop and wait patiently for the blind or disabled people.Second, drive slowly near schools, and look out for children getting on or off school buses. Stop when signaled to do so by a school crossing patrol showing a stop-children sign. Be careful near a parked ice-cream van. Children are more interested in ice-cream than in traffic.Finally, when coming to a zebra crossing, be ready to slow down or stop to let people cross. You must give way once they have stepped on to a crossing. Signal to other drivers that you mean to slow down or stop. Give yourself more time to slow down or stop on wet or icy roads. Remember, under no circumstances should you overtake other vehicles just before a zebra crossing.23. What is the main idea of the talk? C24. Why are young and elderly people more likely to get killed or injured in traffic accidents? A25. According to the talk, for whom should a driver stop the car and wait patiently? D26. What should a driver do just before a zebra crossing? B Questions 27~30M: And now with us on today’s program we have Lucy Draper. She is an expert on handwriting analysis and has published a number of books on the subject. Lucy, welcome.W: Thank you very much.M: It is well known that there are many dif ferent features of one’s handwriting. What are these features exactly?W: Well, there is the slant of the writing, the pressure and spacing, the capital letters, the margins and the signature. They all play a part in handwriting analysis.M: Perhaps we can begin by looking at the question of slant.W: Okay. Well, basically there are three kinds of slant: right, left and upright, though sometimes you may come across a mixture. If your handwriting slants to the right, it shows a friendly and sociable disposition. You enjoy human contact and like to have people around you. However, if your handwriting definitely slants to the left, it shows an introspective nature, often shy and reserved. You are more interested in your own feelings than other people’s. If your handwriting isupright, it reveals very good self-control, and your head usually controls your heart.M: What about size of handwriting? Does the size of one’s handwriting tell us something?W: Yes. Well, basically very large handwriting belongs to the extroverts and socially-minded people. They enjoy attention and admiration. The small writer, on the other hand, is more concerned with things than people. Small writing is often found in the handwriting of many scientists and intellectual. They generally are not interested in an active social life. Medium handwriting shows a good balance between mind and emotion. Such writers are generally able to communicate and mix without being either reserved or over familiar.M: So let’s put theory to practice. What wou ld you say to this sample of handwriting?W: Well, this more rounded, medium-sized handwriting shows a lively personality who enjoys companionship. She is talkative. See the small open As and Os, and has a friendly approach to people. But the wide space between the words indicates that she can keep her personal distance when necessary. Whose handwriting is this?M: Well, to tell you the truth, that’s my wife’s handwriting.27. What is the woman’s specialized field of research? C28. According to the woman, what does an upright slant in one’s handwriting reveal about the writer? A29. Who are more likely to be concerned with things rather than people? B30. What feature of handwriting makes the woman say that the man’s wife can keep her personal distance when necessary? C Part C. Listening and TranslationI. Sentence Translation:1. 在线课程是面向公众可以快速注册登记入学的课程，其学科几乎可以满足所有学生的需求，便利性和质量深受学生们欢迎。
2008年9月上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题试卷(精选)(题后含答案及解析)
2008年9月上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题试卷（精选）(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. 口译题口译题Part A Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal.., and stop it at the signal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.听力原文：For all of human history the source of success has been controlling natural resources- land, gold and oil. Suddenly the answer is knowledge. The king of knowledge economy, Bill Gates, owns no land, no gold or oil. How does one use knowledge to build wealth? The knowledge-based economy is asking new questions, giving new answers and developing new rules for the success game. Information technology has opened up opportunities for new products with much higher levels of productivity. // A successful knowledge-based economy requires large public investments in education, research and development. Sometimes successful businesses must be willing to destroy the old while it is still successful if they wish to build the new that will become successful. Of what were the twelve American companies at the beginning of the 20th century, eleven were not around to see the beginning of the 21st century. Technological breakthroughs occur, the economic environment changes, and they could not adjust.1．Passage 1正确答案：在整个人类历史上，成功的源泉在于对土地、黄金和石油等自然资源的控制。
上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题2008年9月
上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题2008年9月一、English-Chinese Translation （本大题1小题．每题50.0分，共50.0分。
Translate the following passage（s） into Chinese ）第1题Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.In general, investment in the United States will be in the form of a subsidiary. It is possible for a non-U. S. corporation to operate a branch office in the United States, but there are significant disadvantages to a branch, particularly with respect to its tax treatment.Branches of non-U. S. corporations are not subject to federal regulation or registration requirements. However, each state will require a "foreign" corporation to "qualify" before "doing business" in that state.A corporation will be considered "foreign" if it is organized under the laws of another country or another state, and so this is not a requirement imposed only on non-U. S. investors."Doing business" is a technical term that implies a substantial presence in the state. This would include the ownership or leasing of real property, the maintenance of a stock of goods for local sale, employees and the like. Selling products to local customers, either directly or through an independent sales representative or distributor, would not in itself constitute "doing business".The states actually exercise little control over the qualification process other than to ensure that the qualifying entity's name is not confusingly similar to an already registered entity and that all registration fees and taxes are paid (qualification is basically a form of taxation). In most states, qualification for a non-U. S. corporation consists of a relatively easy application, a registration fee, and a notarized or legalized copy of the corporation's articles of incorporation (in English or a certified translation).【正确答案】：答案:在美国投资一般是以子公司的形式。
高口真题08秋答案
1. success of failure2. more and more Americans are electing3. boys and girls blossom4. tend to achieve more5. strong religious or cultural reasons6. out of reach7. costly private school8. separating the sexes9. many girls get short change10. positive exuberant attitude11. watch their male peers 12. begin to gain confidence13. such a fragile time14. an obsession with weight15. raise a girl’s self-esteem16. all female schools17. reinforce the regressive notion18. has fostered a controversy19. question the validity20. such thing as separate but equalMan: Hello, my name is Hudson, Dick Hudson.Woman: I'm Pamela Ann Gable....Man: Well, take a seat please. Miss Gable, it is "miss", isn't it？Well, let me just check thatI've got these particulars right. Your surname is Gable, spelled G-a-b-l-e, and your first names are Pamela Ann. Fine. You live at 147 Corriden Road, Croindain, your telephone number is 2468008. You were born on 18th July, 1975 and, that's about it, okay? Fine, let's see. What are you working with at the moment?Woman: I'm personal assistant to the manager of a modeling agency.Man: Oh, really? And what does that involve?Woman: A bit of everything, really. I have to keep the accounts, write a few letters, answer the telephone, and that sort of things.Man: You work with people a lot, do you?Woman: Oh, yes. I have to look after all the models who work for us, you know, keep them happy, lend an understanding ear to their heartaches, you know.Man: Have you ever done anything to do with hotels or conferences, hotel management, for instance?Woman: No, not really. I did work for a short time as a courier for a tour operator, taking foreigners on guided tours of London, perhaps that's the sort of the thing you mean?Man: Yes, I think it is. Do you speak any languages?Woman: Yes, I do. I speak French and Italian. You see, I spent several years abroad when I was younger.Man: Oh, did you? That's very interesting. And what about any exams you've taken?Woman: Well, I left school at 16. You know, there didn't seem to be any point in staying on somehow, I was sure I could learn much more by getting a job and a bit of experience and independence.Man: So you have no formal qualification at all? I see. Well, I don't suppose it matters.Woman: I was wondering if perhaps you can tell me a bit more about the job? You know, it's said in the ad. that you wanted a go-ahead girl with a car and imagination, but that' not very much to go on.Man: No, it isn't. Well, we run conferences in your job as conference coordinator would-be. Well, much the same as the one you have now I suppose: meeting people, transporting them from one place to another, making sure they are comfortable, a bit of telephoning and so on.Woman: It sounds just the sort of thing I want to do.Man: There is the question of salary of course.Woman: Well, my present salary is 18,000, so I couldn't accept any less than that, especially if I have to use my car.Man: Ah, we have something like 15,000 in mind, plus of course, a generous allowance for the car. But look, if I were you, I'd take a quick look around the office here, see if you like the look of the people who work here.正确答案：D．personal assistant正确答案：C. To organize business trips and conferences正确答案：C. To organize business trips and conferences正确答案：C. To organize business trips and conferences正确答案：C. To organize business trips and conferencesNew DelhiIndian health officials say a Dengue fever outbreak has claimed at least 106 lives. Officials say more than 5700 people in 11 Indian states have been affected by the fever since early September. India's capital, New Delhi, is the worst hit. Dengue is a violent infection transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. It can cause a severe flu-like illness and can lead to internal bleeding. Outbreaks of mosquito-borne illnesses are common in India during and after the monsoon season, which ended in September.Londonanalysts predicted a slowly improving imbalance in the months ahead. The current account trade deficit increased 2.8% to an all-time high of 118.6 billion pounds in the July-September quarter. The trade department reported Monday that a third-quarter deficit was equaled to 6.8% of the total economy, up from 5.5% of GDP in the second quarter.Gaza CityPalestinian gunmen in Gaza have kidnapped a Spanish photographer working for the Associated Press. Emilio Morenatti was abducted early Tuesday morning in Gaza city as he left an apartment building to get into an AP car. The driver of the car says four masked gunmen restrained him and shoved Morenatti into a white Volkswagen and drove away. No one has claimed responsibility so far.South AfricaThe hunting of lions and other big cats bred in captivity purely to die at the barrel of a gun will be outlawed under legislation that comes into force next year, the government said Wednesday. The Department of the Environment said the new regulations will make it illegal for anyone to kill large predators raised in an enclosed reserve to blunt their survival instincts. It said it would also ban the shooting of lions, cheetahs and leopards in a "controlled environment," where hunters had an unfair advantage over the beasts, as well as forbidding the killing of tranquilized animals.HawaiiThe U.S. Pacific state of Hawaii has been declared a disaster area after a strong earthquake early Sunday, causing damage but no serious injuries. The disaster declaration by Hawaii's governor allows her to mobilize the state's National Guard and makes Hawaii eligible for federal emergency funds. The U.S. Geological Survey says Sunday's 6.6 magnitude earthquake was centered in the Pacific Ocean just off the sparsely-populated west coast of the island of Hawaii - the largest in the archipelago. The quake was felt in Honolulu, 250 kilometers away on the chain's most populated island of Oahu. The earthquake triggered landslides, and damaged numerous roads, bridges and buildings. Airports were closed to outgoing flights. Widespread electric outages across the state make communications difficult.New DelhiIndian health officials say a Dengue fever outbreak has claimed at least 106 lives. Officials say more than 5700 people in 11 Indian states have been affected by the fever since early September. India's capital, New Delhi, is the worst hit. Dengue is a violent infection transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. It can cause a severe flu-like illness and can lead to internal bleeding. Outbreaks of mosquito-borne illnesses are common in India during and after the monsoon season, which ended in September.Londonanalysts predicted a slowly improving imbalance in the months ahead. The current account trade deficit increased 2.8% to an all-time high of 118.6 billion pounds in the July-September quarter. The trade department reported Monday that a third-quarter deficit was equaled to 6.8% of the total economy, up from 5.5% of GDP in the second quarter.Gaza CityPalestinian gunmen in Gaza have kidnapped a Spanish photographer working for the Associated Press. Emilio Morenatti was abducted early Tuesday morning in Gaza city as he left an apartment building to get into an AP car. The driver of the car says four masked gunmen restrained him and shoved Morenatti into a white Volkswagen and drove away. No one has claimed responsibility so far.South AfricaThe hunting of lions and other big cats bred in captivity purely to die at the barrel of a gun will be outlawed under legislation that comes into force next year, the government said Wednesday. The Department of the Environment said the new regulations will make it illegal for anyone to kill large predators raised in an enclosed reserve to blunt their survival instincts. It said it would also ban the shooting of lions, cheetahs and leopards in a "controlled environment," where hunters had an unfair advantage over the beasts, as well as forbidding the killing of tranquilized animals.HawaiiThe U.S. Pacific state of Hawaii has been declared a disaster area after a strong earthquake early Sunday, causing damage but no serious injuries. The disaster declaration by Hawaii's governor allows her to mobilize the state's National Guard and makes Hawaii eligible for federal emergency funds. The U.S. Geological Survey says Sunday's 6.6 magnitude earthquake was centered in the Pacific Ocean just off the sparsely-populated west coast of the island of Hawaii - the largest in the archipelago. The quake was felt in Honolulu, 250 kilometers away on the chain's most populated island of Oahu. The earthquake triggered landslides, and damaged numerous roads, bridges and buildings. Airports were closed to outgoing flights. Widespread electric outages across the state make communications difficult.争确答案：A The trade deficit hit an all-time high in the previous quarter.正确答案：D An A.P. photographer was taken away by masked gunmen正确答案：B Killing large predators bred in captivity will be made illegal.正确答案：D Land and air traffic, and communications were considerably affected.WOMAN：Good morning, Harry! Good to see you!MAN: How common is it for people to go to work even though they know they are sick?WOMAN: Well, Harry, it is so common that there is actually a term for it. It's called presenteeism versus absenteeism. And a lot of employees actually go to work because they are afraid people are gonna think they are lazy. They are afraid they are gonna get into trouble with their boss. They don't wanna use their sick days or they are particularly dedicated to their job. But it's really a good idea to stay home when you are sick because you are less likely to be productive at work, you are more likely to spread your germs to your co-workers. And studies have suggested that presenteeism costs more productivity for company than actually absenteeism. So it's a big problem.MAN: Here is the question though. Because I think a lot of people feel like ‘I have to go to work.' There is so much pressure to go to work, to actually show up. How do employers by and large feel about this?WOMAN: Well, CCH is a corporate service which has conducted a dozen annual surveys, and they asked employers "is there a problem?" 56% of organizations actually say that presenteeism is a problem in the work place, which is up from 39% two years ago. So more and more companies are seeing it as a problem.MAN: Alright! What can be done then to prevent people from coming to work when theyare sick?WOMAN: Well, they asked employers that too! So what do you do to keep employees at home? Actually as many as 72% of employers say that they actually will send a sick employee home. 40% say that they try to educate their workers about the importance of staying home when you are sick. 22% actually let people telecommute so that they can stay at home instead of coming into the work place. And some companies actually say that they try to foster an environment to encourage: pay a co-worker to stay home. Well, a lot of employees disagree. 46% of employees say that they are still afraid they are gonna be disciplined. So much pressure on the employees to show up.MAN: You should talk a little bit about just how easy it is to spread the germs. If I was working with a flu, it's somebody else who can get it.WOMAN: They are. It's incredibly easy when someone is sick, coughs or sneezes these little respiratory droplets into the air. And so if you breathe those things in, you can introduce germs into your body that way. Or if you touch something, something as simple as a telephone, a computer keyboard, a doorknob someone sick has touched, and then you touch your hands to your eyes, or to your nose, then you are likely to get sick as well. That's really easy!正确答案：D Employees go to work even when they are sick.正确答案：A It costs more productivity for companies than actually absenteeism.正确答案：D 72%正确答案：C Announcing disciplinary measures against those working when sick.正确答案：B Respiratory droplets.Opinion polls have shown that Americans view the widespread use of illegal drugs as the No.1 problem in the United States. Every year, the United States spends 15 billion dollars on its war on drugs, mostly on the cost of law enforcement and prohibition. Most illegal drugs are expensive. Black market prices for heroin and cocaine, for example, are estimated to be 100 times greater than the cost of production. With such prices, drug pushers can earn billions of dollars each year by pushing their wares in even the poorest neighborhoods. Most people agree that theso-called drug war is far from being won in the United States. They find some solution to the drug problem. One repeated proposal is to fight the problem by making drugs legal. This proposal hasin fact been the cause of a lengthy and unresolved debate. Ever since the 1970s the Americans have argued whether taking the extreme measure of legalizing drugs would in fact decrease drug use. People who support this proposal believe that the current policies of prosecution and punishment are a waste of money. They feel that more money should be spent on education and treatment, arguing that the black market drives the prices of drugs too high, providing an incentive to get into the drug business. They point to the gangsters of the 1920s and the 1930s who disappeared with the end of prohibition of alcohol and America. As it is now, they say, anyone who is caught using drugs is treated as criminal not as an addict who needs help. This proposal for legalization has been supported by a variety of leaders from the most conservative to the most liberal, from Secretary of the State tofederal district judges who advocated the sale of drugs as prices resembling their costs. The proposal to legalize drugs has not being accepted easily by all Americans, however. In fact, it has taken a lot of flag over the years. Those who oppose the legalization of drugs feel that decriminalizing drugs would be a surrender in a drug war that has not really even begun. For them, the solution is not to decriminalize drug crime but to make law more severe. They point out that legalization would lead to greater drug use, explaining that with drugs such as crack being so common in our cities. There would be an increase in cases of violent crime and child abuse and an even greater spreader of AIDS. Opponents of legalization also point to China. When opium was made legal there in the mid-19th century, the selling of opium increased and funded the drug trade rather than spoiled it down.Those who were opposed the legalization also raised an important question such as which drugs would be legalized with the black market really disappear with the legalization of drugs? So is it time to recognize that the current war on drugs is not working and accept that the legalization maybe the only solution? Every few years voters are asked to cast their votes for politicians who claimed to have answers to this question. But as of yet, Americans have not chosen legalization as a solution to their country's drug problems.正确答案：A. The widespread of illegal drug is the greatest concern of the Americans对Talk来说，前三句话非常重要，通常与讲座主题相关，在这个位置，应盯住选项，边听边选正确答案: C. 15 billion dollars黍子题型，听到选出，通常最先出现的数字为正确答案。
08秋季高口考试真题答案
答案：SECTION 1Part A1. success or failure2. more and more Americans are electing3. boys and girls blossom4. tend to achieve more5. strong religious or cultural reasons6. out of reach7. costly private schools8. separating the sexes9. many girls get short-changed10. positive exuberant attitude11. watch their male peers12. begin to gain confidence13. such a fragile time14. an obsession with weight15. raise a girl's self-esteem16. all female schools17. reinforce the regressive notion18. has fostered a controversy19. question the validity20. such thing as separate but equalPart B1-51. 正确答案：D．personal assistant2. 正确答案：C. To organize business trips and conferences.3. 正确答案：B. French and Italian4. 正确答案：B. No less than 18,000.5. 正确答案：C：She's applying for a job of a conference coordinator.6-106. 正确答案：C 1067. 正确答案：A The trade deficit hit an all-time high in the previous quarter.8. 正确答案：D An A.P. photographer was taken away by masked gunmen9. 正确答案：B Killing large predators bred in captivity will be made illegal.10. 正确答案：D Land and air traffic, and communications were considerably affected.11-1516-2016. 正确答案：A. The widespread of illegal drug is the greatest concern of the Americans17. 正确答案: C. 15 billion dollars18. 正确答案：D. More money being needed in education and medical care.19. 正确答案：A. Legalizing drugs would be considered unconstitutional.20. 正确答案：A. Americans have not chosen legalization as a solution to drug problem. SECTION 2Question 1-51.(C) online news and information provided by professional reporters and editors2.(C) any “quality” message would be quickly accepted and passed on from one another3.(A) expertise determines the choice by the crowds4.(D) Expertise would be the main component of both traditional media and nontraditional information sites5.(D) to prove that the future of digital information will be based more on expertiseQuestion 6-106.（B）it has been accepted by the whole nation7.（A）changes8.（C）how to define Britishness9.（D）irony10.（A）even the Labour Party today will not accept this as an oath of allegianceQuestion 11-1511.（D）indicates the tricky issue of the protection of intellectual property12.（C）range13.（D）as it was an example of conceptual art which causes accusations of plagiarism14.（D）He is ready to fight all those who have accused him of plagiarism15.（D）there is no other way to protect ideas unless the work existsQuestion 16-2016. (B) have shown different feelings people17. (C) enjoyment18. (B) Jesuit map-makers19. (D) to provide the background for all these changes in the practice of cartography20. (D) maps can reveal purposes and perspective.SECTION 3一般而言，外国公司都是以设立分公司的形式在美国进行投资。
2008年全国统一高考英语试卷(全国卷ii)(含部分解析)
2008年全国统一高考英语试卷（全国卷II）第一卷第一部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例: have（）A. gave B. save C. hat D. made答案是C.1. course（）A. journey B. four C. labour D. hour2. match（）A. separate B. marry C. machine D. many3. rise（）A. purse B. else C. praise D. mouse4. bathe（）A. faith B. cloth C. maths D. smooth5. Britain（）A. certain B. train C. against D. contain第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例: We ___ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study答案是C.6. --- Do you know Ann a’s telephone number?--- ___ _. As a matter of fact, I don’t know any Anna, either.A. I think soB. I’m afraid notC. I hope soD. I’d rather not7. A small car is big enough for a family of three __ __ you need more space for baggage.A. onceB. becauseC. ifD. unless8. It’s not ____ good idea to drive for four hours without __ __ break.A. a; aB. the; aC. the; theD. a; the9. --- What are you reading, Tom?--- I’m not really reading, just ____ the pages.A. turning offB. turning aroundC. turning overD. turning up10. --- Could I ask you a rather personal question?--- Sure, ____.A. pardon meB. go aheadC. good ideaD. forget it11. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it ____ all day.A. rainedB. rainsC. has rainedD. is raining12. The director had her assistant ___ some hot dogs for the meeting.A. picked upB. picks upC. pick upD. picking up13. Stand over there ___ you’ll be able to see the oil painting better.A. butB. tillC. andD. or14. If their marketing plans succeed, they ____ their sales by 20 percent.A. will increaseB. have been increasingC. have increasedD. would be increasing15. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ____ working here.A. withB. overC. atD. about16. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A. itB. whatC. whichD. that17. Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip --- she hates traveling.A. willB. canC. mustD. may18. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ____.A. collectedB. containedC. loadedD. saved19. The house still needed a lot of work, but ___ the kitchen was finished.A. insteadB. altogetherC. at onceD. at least20. It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.A. thatB. howC. whichD. when第三节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
9月口译标准答案公布与阅卷即时分析
9月口译标准答案公布与阅卷即时分析9月口译标准答案公布与阅卷即时分析9月口译标准答案公布与阅卷即时分析中高级口译翻译部分：中级口译原文：进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前我在北京清华大学时的美好时光，老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至今仍受用不尽。
耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史、独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。
如果时光能够倒流几十年，我真希望成为你们中的一员。
耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理，这符合人类进步的法则，也符合每个有志青年的心愿。
译文：coming to the yale campus, with its distinctive academic flavor, and looking at the eager young faces in the audience, i cannot but recall my great experience studying at qinghua university in beijing 40 years ago. i still benefit greatly fromthe instruction and my interaction with other students.yale is renowned for its long history, unique way of teaching and excellence in academic pursuit. if time could go back several decades, i would really like to be a student of yale just like you. yale's motto light and truth, which is a calling for human progress, represents the aspiration of every motivated young man and woman.高级口译原文：中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。
高口第二阶段历年真题答案
高级口译考试历年真题口试答案及口译真题1997.11上海市英语高级口译资格证书第二阶段考试A卷参考答案:Part APassage 1:纽约因人而异可以是两类城市中的一种：对旅游观光客来说，那是一座人流拥挤、汽车喇叭声不停、交通堵塞、街道肮脏、地铁闷臭的城市—所有这一切同华尔街和联合国大厦等国际性标志性建筑形成了鲜明的对照。
然而，对大多数本地居民和上班族来说，纽约只不过是一个巨大繁忙的商业活动场所—到晚上，就应该立即离开，前往环境更加宁静的地区。
当然，纽约仍然是西半球人口最多、最繁华的大都市。
Passage 2:贵方产品改进后的式样给我留下了深刻的印象。
产品有新意，而工艺尚不尽如人意。
不过我还是打算询个价。
这是一份我所感兴趣的产品的购物单，请您给我一个有效期为30天、目的港为旧金山的到岸价。
您知道我是一个诚心诚意的大买主。
当然，我的采购量则完全取决于贵方的报盘。
得到您的底价后我想与您讨论一下付款方式问题。
Part BPassage 1:Welcome to the Shanghai Museum. Completed in the 90s, the Shanghai Museum is a large museum equipped with modern facilities. Its bronze ware collection is a fine treasure of the Chinese cultural heritage highly respected in the world.The Shanghai museum also displays over 500 pieces of the finest ceramics as well as nearly 200 pieces of sculpture, with the Buddhist sculpture and figurine modeling art as the main subject. Each of these exhibits depicts the artistic styles of different historical periods.Passage 2:In the past, China was called “the sick man of East Asia”. Not a single Chinese name could be found among the top world-class athletes or world-record holders in competitive sports before 1949.The founding of the People’s Republic of China brought fundamental changes to the field of sports, and the skills of Chinese athletes improved quickly. By 1996, Chinese athletes had won 2563 world championship titles. 口译题录音文字稿：Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each passage, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:New York is, depending on one’s point of view, any one of the two cities: to the tourists, it is a city of hurrying crowds, horn-blowing traffic jams, dirty streets and smelly subways—all in sharp contrast to such international symbols as Wall Street and the United Nations Building, // but to most local inhabitants and commuters, it is simply an enormous and busy working field associated with business activities—a place to leave as soon as possible in the evening for the more peaceful atmosphere of the suburban areas. But of course, New York remains to be the most populous, flourishing and prosperous metropolitan city in the Western Hemisphere. Passage 2:I’m very impressed by the improved design of your products. They have a novel appeal, though the workmanship is not so desirable. Anyway, I’d like to make an inquiry. This is my list of interested items and I’d like to hear your quotations on a C. I. F. basis valid for 30 days to San Francisco.You know I’m a serious and bulk buyer. But of course, my intended amount of purchase is definitely dependent on your offer. I’d also like to discuss the terms of payment with you as soon as I get your floor price. Part BDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese. After you have heard each passage, interpret it into English. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… you may take notes while you’re listening. R emember you will hear the passages only once. Now, let’s begin Part B with the first passage.Passage 1:欢迎各位参观上海博物馆。
08春高口译笔试真题
SECTION 2: READING TESTDirections: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question 1-5Life expectancy in the richest countries of the world now exceeds the poorest by more than 30 years, figures show. The gap is widening across the world, with Western countries and the growing economies of Latin America and the Far East advancing more rapidly than Africa and the countries of the former Soviet Union. Average life expectancy in Britain and similar countries of the OECD was 78.8 in 2000-05, an increase of more than seven years since 1970-75 and almost 30 years over the past century. In sub-Saharan Africa, life expectancy has increased by just four months since 1970, to 46.1 years. Narrowing this "health gap" will involve going beyond the immediate causes of disease-poverty, poor sanitation and infection-to tackle the "causes of the causes" -the social hierarchies in which people live, says the report published by the Global Commission on the Social Determinants of Health established by the WHO in 2005.Professor Sir Michael Marmot, chairman of the commission, who first coined the term "status syndrome", said social status was the key to tackling health inequalities worldwide. In the 1980s, in a series of ground-breaking studies among Whitehall civil servants, Professor Marmot showed that the risk of death among those on the lower rungs of the career ladder was four times higher than those at the top, and that the difference was linked with the degree of control the individuals had over their lives.He said yesterday that the same rule applied in poorer countries. If people increased their status and gained more control over their lives they improved their health because they were less vulnerable to the economic and environmental threats. "When people think about those in poor countries they tend to think about poverty, lack of housing, sanitation and exposure to infectious disease. But there is another issue, the social gradient in health which I called status syndrome. It is not just those at the bottom of the hierarchy who have worse health; it is all the way along the scale. Those second from the bottom have worse health than those above them but better health than those below."The interim report of the commission, in the online edition of The Lancet, says the effects of status syndrome extend from the bottom to the top of the hierarchy, with Swedish adults holding a PhD having a lower death rate than those with a master's degree. The study says: "The gradient is a worldwide occurrence, seen in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries. It means we are all implicated."The result is that even within rich countries such as Britain there are striking inequalities in life expectancy. The poorest men in Glasgow have a life expectancy of 54, lower than the average in India. The answer, the report says, is empowerment, of individuals, communities and whole countries. "Technical and medical solutions such as medical care are without doubt necessary. But they are insufficient." Professor Marmot said: "We talk about three kinds of empowerment. If people don't have the material necessities, they cannot be empowered. The second kind ispsycho-social empowerment: more control over their lives. The third is political empowerment: having a voice."The commission's final report, to be published soon, will identify the ill effects of low status and make recommendations for how they can be tackled. In Britain a century ago, infant mortality among the rich was about 100 per 1,000 live births compared with 250 per 1,000 among the poor. Infant mortality is still twice as high among the poor in Britain, but the rates have come down dramatically to 7 per 1,000 among the poor and 3.5 among the rich. Professor Marmot said: "We have made dramatic progress, but this is not about abolishing the rankings, but by identifying the ill effects of hierarchies we can make huge improvement."1. Which of the following CANNOT be found from the passage?(A) Life expectancy in Latin America and the Far East is increasing faster than Africa.(B) In Africa, life expectancy had only increased by four years since 1970 to 46.1 years.(C) There is a gap of more than 30 years in life expectancy between the richest countries and the poorest countries.(D) Within rich countries there are also great inequalities in life expectancy between the rich and the poor.2. According to the passage, the term "status syndrome" _______,(A) was first accepted by the World Health Organisation in 2005(B) was proposed by Professor Marmot to describe social changes(C) is used to expose the major causes of health inequalities(D) is used to show the correlation between sanitation and infection3.According to the passage, the effects of status syndrome _______.(A) can only be found from those living at the bottom of the society(B) usually are greater among those from the lower classes(C) are the same on people from each ladder of the social hierarchy(D) extend universally from the bottom to the top of the social hierarchy4.Professor Marmot proposed that "empowerment" should ________.(A) mainly include technical and medical advancement(B) be equal to access to material necessities(C) be material, psycho-social and political(D) be the final answer to the social problem of "health gap"5.What can be concluded from the passage?(A) Health inequality is closely related to social hierarchies.(B) The "causes of the causes" of health gap lie in the differences between rich and poor countries.(C) Social ranking should be ultimately abolished.(D) The rich countries should give more assistance to poor countries to fill the health gap. Questions 6-10In Idaho's Snake River Valley, where potato farmers depend on electric pumps to water their crops, the state's largest power company hopes to stand tradition on its head and profit by selling farmers less, not more, electricity. To do that, Idaho Power is vastly expanding its energy-efficiency programs for 395,000 residential customers, small businesses, and farmers. Usually the more customers save, the less utilities make. But under an innovative deal with state regulators in March, Idaho Power gets paid for its plants and equipment and boosts profits bywinning incentive payments for reducing electric demand.It's an idea that appears to be catching on as legislatures fret about global warming and utilities scramble to meet rising demand without the increasing harassment and cost of building new power plants. Idaho is among 13 states whose regulators have either adopted or proposed measures in the past year to decouple utility profit from electricity production. Decoupling is advancing even faster for natural-gas utilities, with 25 states either adopting or proposing decoupling plans in recent years. "This wave toward 'decoupling' is clearly gathering momentum," says Martin Kushler of the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy in Washington. "More states seem to be calling every week to find out about this."Although California pioneered the idea 25 years ago-and strengthened incentives and penalties last month-interest is picking up again because of global warming, experts say. The main idea is that by rearranging the incentive structure, regulators can give utilities clear incentives to push energy efficiency and conservation without hurting their bottom lines. Under the new rules in California, for example, electric utilities could make as much as $150 million extra if they can persuade Californians to save some $2 billion worth of power, according to the Natural Resources Defense Council."This is a vital step in the global-warming fight," says Audrey Chang, an NRDC researcher. "It represents, we hope, a historic shift toward decoupling that is going to help bend the energy demand curve downwards." Beside Idaho, states that this year adopted decoupling for some or all of its electric power industry include New York, Connecticut, and Vermont. At least nine other states have seen major decoupling proposals this year.Idaho Power is happy that its key fixed costs-plants and equipment-are now separated from variable costs of electricity sales such as fuel. Regulators annually readjust those fixed rates-up or down-a maximum of 3 percent to ensure that the company gets no more or less than it has been regulated to receive. But customers should benefit, too, as utility efficiency programs cut energy use and energy bills-something the company is trying hard to do so it can win a bonus if it meets or exceeds energy-cutting goals. "Before there was almost a disincentive to go hard at efficiency because we weren't recovering our fixed costs," says Mike Youngblood, an analyst for Idaho Power. "Now the anticipation is that we will recover our fixed cost, no more or less. And our customers will see their bill go down if they invest in energy efficiency."One key reason utilities are often willing to decouple or even leading proponents of the proposals is because the costs of building a power plant has risen dramatically. A 500-megawatt coal-fired plant that cost $1 billion just a few years ago might cost $1.5 billion today, industry experts say. Add to that growing uncertainty about future costs. Global-warming legislation could put a price of $30 per ton on carbon-dioxide emissions from power plants. That could make coal, the cheapest power today, more costly. Another factor is the rising community opposition to coal-fired power plant construction.In North Carolina, where regulators recently refused a Duke Energy Corp. proposal to build a power plant, the company has instead put forward a controversial decoupling proposal. The plan would pay the company to meet efficiency standards, although consumer advocates and even environmental groups question whether it's a good deal for ratepayers. In fact, some consumer advocates have major reservations about decoupling overall. "Unfortunately, we're seeing utilities trying to use decoupling as a blank check," says Charles Acquard, executive director of the National Association of State Utility Consumer Advocates in Silver Spring, Md. "We're notabsolutely opposed to decoupling. It's how you do it that's critical."6.What is the main idea of the passage?(A) Electric utilities lose more profits from reducing electric demand.(B) Electric utilities gain more profits from increasing electric demand.(C) The more electricity customers save, the less profits utilities make.(D) The more electricity customers save, the more incentive payments utilities get.7.Which of the following gives the best definition of the expression "to stand tradition on its head" (para. 1)?(A) To criticize tradition.(B) To go against tradition.(C) To carry forward tradition.(D) To integrate tradition.8.In the passage, the measures of decoupling used in utility efficiency programs refer to the practice of ________.(A) separating the utility profits from power production(B) combining fixed costs with variable costs(C) strengthening both incentives and penalties(D) rearranging the incentive structure9.According to the passage, when Idaho Power is building plants and purchasing equipment, such fixed costs _______.(A) will no longer be treated as the costs of electricity sales(B) will partially be covered by state regulators(C) are still to be recovered by the companies(D) are paid from customers' electricity bills10.All of the following are the reasons why electric utilities welcome decoupling EXCEPT ______.(A) the rapidly rising cost of building power plants(B) the uncertainty about future costs(C) the community opposition to the building of coal-fired power plants(D) the reservations consumer advocates have about energy-saving measuresQuestions 11-15Historically, TV's interest in "green" issues has been limited to the green that spend: and makes the world go round. (That, and Martians.) As for environmentalism, TV is where people watch SUV ads on energy-sucking giant screens that are as thirsty as a Bavarian at Oktoberfest.But with the greening of politics and pop culture-from Al Gore to Leo DiCaprio to Homer and Marge in The Simpsons Movie-TV is jumping on the biodiesel-fueled band-wagon. In November, NBC (plus Bravo, Sci Fi and other sister channels) will run a week of green-themed episodes, from news to sitcoms. CBS has added a "Going Green" segment to The Early Show. And Fox says it will work climate change into the next season of 24. ("Dammit, Chloe, there's no time! The polar ice cap's going to melt in 15 minutes!")On HGTV's Living with Ed, actor Ed Begley Jr. offers tips for eco-living from his solar-powered house in Studio City, Calif.-see him energy-audit Cheryl Tiegs!-while Sundance airs its documentary block "The Green." MTV will set The Real World: Hollywood in a "green" house. Next year Discovery launches 24-hour eco-lifestyle channel Planet Green, a plan validated this spring when the eco-minded documentary Planet Earth became a huge hit for Discovery. "Green is part of [Discovery's] heritage," says Planet Green president Eileen O'Neill. "But as pop culture was starting to recognize it, we realized we could do a better job positioning ourselves."Clearly this is not all pure altruism. Those popular, energy-stingy compact fluorescent bulbs? NBC's owner, General Electric, has managed to sell one or two. "When you have them being a market leader and saying this makes good business sense, people listen to that on [the TV] side," says Lauren Zalaznick, Bravo Media president, who is heading NBC's effort. And green pitches resonate with young and well-heeled viewers (the type who buy Priuses and $2-a-lb. organic apples), two groups the networks are fond of. NBC is confident enough in its green week's appeal to schedule it in sweeps.It's an unlikely marriage of motives. Ad-supported TV is a consumption medium: it persuades you to want and buy stuff. Traditional home shows about renovating and decorating are catnip for retailers like Lowe's and Home Depot. Of course, there are green alternatives to common purchases: renewable wood, Energy Star appliances, hybrid cars. But sometimes the greener choice is simply not to buy so much junk-not the friendliest sell to advertisers.The bigger hurdle, though, may be creative. How the NBC shows will work in the messages is still up in the air. (Will the Deal or No Deal babes wear hemp miniskirts? Will the Bionic Woman get wired for solar?) Interviewed after the 24 announcement, executive producer Howard Gordon hedged a bit on Fox's green promises: "It'll probably be more in the props. We might see somebody drive a hybrid."Will it work? Green is a natural fit on cable lifestyle shows or news programs-though enlisting a news division to do advocacy has its own issues. But commanding a sitcom like The Office to work in an earnest environmental theme sounds like the kind of high-handed p.r. directive that might be satirized on, well, The Office. Even Begley-formerly of St. Elsewhere-notes that the movie Chinatown worked because it kept the subplot about the water supply in Los Angeles well in the background: "It's a story about getting away with murder, and the water story is woven in." Of course, in an era of rampant product placement, there are worse things than persuading viewers to buy a less wasteful light bulb by hanging one over Jack Bauer as he tortures a terrorist. The greatest challenge-for viewers as well as programmers-is not letting entertainment become a substitute for action; making and watching right-minded shows isn't enough in itself. The 2007 Emmy Awards, for a start, aims to be carbon neutral: solar power, biodiesel generators, hybrids for the stars, bikes for production assistants-though the Academy cancelled Fox's idea to change the red carpet, no kidding, to green. The most potent message may be seeing Hollywood walk the walk, in a town in which people prefer to drive.11.Which of the following does not serve as the example to support the statement "TV is jumping on the biodiesel-fueled bandwagon" (para. 2)?(A) MTV: The Real World: Hollywoodwill be set in a "green" house.(B) NBC: The program of the Deal or No Deal will be continued.(C) NBC: A week of green-themed episodes is being planned.(D) CBS: A "Going Green" program has been added to The Early Show.12.By stating that "Clearly this is not all pure altruism." (para. 4), the author is _______.(A) highly appreciative(B) somewhat critical(C) ironic and negative(D) subjective and passionate13.Why does the author mention in paragraph 4 the two groups the networks are fond of?(A) They are the main target of the consumption medium.(B) They are the advocates of green movement.(C) They are most representative of today's audience.(D) They are young adults and senior citizens.14.Which of the following best explains the sentence "It's an unlikely marriage of motives." (para.5)?(A) Ad-supported TV has consistent motives.(B) The main target of ad-supported TV is to persuade viewers to buy more.(C) It's impossible for TV to readjust its opposing motives.(D) It's quite difficult for TV to integrate its motives.15.It can be concluded from the passage that "product placement" (para. 8) is a kind of _______.(A) commodity exhibition(B) display of products(C) indirect advertising(D) direct promotion strategyQuestions 16-20Military victories, trade, missionary zeal, racial arrogance and a genius for bureaucracy all played well-documented roles in making the British Empire the largest the world has known. Rather less well understood was the importance of the moustache. A monumental new history, The Decline and Fall of the British Empire by Piers Brendon, promises to restore this neglected narrative to its rightful place in the national story.Dr Brendon, a Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge University, argues that colonial moustaches had a clear practical purpose: to demonstrate virility and intimidate the Empire's subject peoples. The waxing and waning of the British moustache precisely mirrored the fortunes of the Empire-blooming beneath the noses of the East India Company's officers, finding full expression in Lord Kitchener's bushy appendage and fading out with the Suez crisis in Anthony Eden's apologetic wisps.This analysis of the "growth of the stiff upper lip" is an essential strand of Dr Brendon's epic 650-page political, cultural, economic and social history of the Empire, which is published on October 18. "It is a running gag in a serious book, but it does give one a point of reference," he said yesterday. In the 18th and early 19th century, sophisticated Britons wore wigs but spurned facial hair. The exception was the King, George III, whose unshaven appearance was mocked as a sign of his madness. However, by the 1830s the "moustache movement" was in the ascendancy.British officers, copying the impressive moustaches that they encountered on French and Spanish soldiers during the Napoleonic Wars, started the craze, but the real impetus came form India. Just as British troops in Afghanistan today are encouraged to grow beards to ease their dealings with local tribesmen, so the attitudes of Indian troops under the command of East India Company officers in the first half of the 19th century altered the appearance of the British soldier. "For the Indian sepoy the moustache was a symbol of virility. They laughed at the unshaven British officers," Dr Brendon said. In 1854 moustaches were made compulsory for the company's Bombay regiment. The fashion took Britain by storm as civilians imitated their heroes.Dr Brendon writes: "During and after the Crimean War, barbers advertised different patterns in their windows such as the 'Raglan' and the Cardigan'." Moustaches were clipped, trimmed and waxed "until they curved like sabres and bristled like bayonets". After 1918 moustaches became thinner and humbler as the Empire began to gasp for breath, even as it continued to expand territorially. It had been fatally wounded, Dr Brendon suggests, by the very belief in the freedom that it had preached. After the victory over Germany and Japan in 1945, independence movements across the red-painted sections of the world map, and Britain's own urgent domestic priorities, meant that the Empire was doomed.The moustache too was in terminal decline. "It had become a joke thanks to Charlie Chaplin and Groucho Marx. It had become an international symbol of 'villainy' thanks to Hitler's toothbrush, writes Dr Brendon. In Britain it was also synonymous with the "Colonel Blimps" clinging to an outmoded idea of colonial greatness.In Eden's faint moustache Britain's diminished international status found a fitting symbol. It all but disappeared on TV and, moments before his broadcast on the eve of the fateful occupation of the Suez Canal in 1956, his wife had to blacken the bristles with mascara. His successor, Harold Macmillan, was the last British Prime Minister to furnish his upper lip. Harold Wilson, the self-styled man of the people, had been clean shaven since the 1940s, Dr Brendon notes. "He obviously believed that the white hot technological revolution was not to be operated with a moustache."16.It can be concluded from the passage that the British moustache _______.(A) has been well documented in the history of the British Empire(B) has long been considered significant in the formation and expansion of the British Empire(C) has often been ridiculed in the colonial history of the United Kingdom(D) has long been ignored and considered insignificant in the making of the British Empire17.The word "virility" in the sentence "that colonial moustaches had a clear practical purpose: to demonstrate virility and intimidate the Empire's subject peoples" (para. 2) can best be interpreted as _______.(A) bravery(B) masculinity(C) maturity(D) puberty18.According to the passage, the Crimean War which witnessed the development of different patterns of the British moustache was fought ________.(A) in the early 19th century(B) in the 18th century(C) in the middle of the 19th century(D) in the late 18th century19.It can be inferred from the passage that from the 1950s to the 1960s, the three statesmen held the post of British Prime Minister by the order of _______.(A) Harold Wilson, Anthony Eden and Harold Macmillan(B) Anthony Eden, Harold Wilson and Harold Macmillan(C) Anthony Eden, Harold Macmillan and Harold Wilson(D) Harold Macmillan, Anthony Eden and Harold Wilson20.Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage?(A) Dr Brendon points out that colonial moustaches are the deciding factor which led to the downfall of the British Empire.(B) Dr Brendon has made it clear that the history of colonial moustaches reflects from one angle the decline of the British Empire.(C) Dr Brendon has tried to restore the role of colonial moustaches in the history of the British Empire.(D) Dr Brendon has made a detailed study of the rise and decline of the British moustache in the past centuries.SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)Directions: Translate of the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.What today's global market economy teaches many of us who are involved in political life is that even when they are inconvenient, the laws of economics, like the laws of physics, cannot be repealed for the convenience of governments. The economic principles for national success are as difficult to implement as they are easy to state. There is a paradox in all our countries. Just as a new global economy creates more to look forward to than ever before, it also brings more uncertainty and more change to worry about than ever before. That is why the challenge of crafting economy policy in your country as in mine is one of balance. A balance between moving toward necessary objectives and maintaining stability. A balance between responding to global realities and upholding domestic traditions. And a balance between the virtues of competition as the best known motivator and driver of success, and the importance of cohesion and cooperation as sources of strength for our societies. These balances will have to be struck and calibrated every year in every country in this new global economy. If one looks at the success over the long term of the economy in any developed country, more than any scientific innovation, what has been important is a potent social innovation. This is what one might call the intangible infrastructure of a modern market economy.SECTION 5: READING TESTDirections: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-3According to legend, King Canute of Denmark facetiously tried to stop the rising tide by simply raising his hand and commanding the waters to roll back. The tide, of course, kept rising. Yet policymakers throughout history have followed Canute's lead. From Hillary Clinton and John Edwards to Mitt Romney and Arnold Schwarzenegger, politicians across the spectrum have tried or vowed to solve America's health-care woes by enacting an individual mandate-a law requiring every adult to purchase health insurance. Despite its bipartisan support, the individual mandate is bad policy, a vain attempt to command a better result while doing nothing to achieve it. Individual mandate supporters typically justify the policy by citing the problem of uncompensated care. When uninsured patients receive health services but don't pay for them, the rest of us end up footing the bill one way or another. So advocates of insurance mandates contend, plausibly enough, that we should make the free riders pay.But how big is the free-rider problem, really? According to an Urban Institute study released in 2003, uncompensated care for the uninsured constitutes less than 3% of all health expenditures. Even if the individual mandate works exactly as planned, that's the effective upper boundary on the mandate's impact.Of course, it will not work exactly as planned. As anyone who has ever driven above 55 mph knows, mandating something is not the same as making it happen. Some people will not comply: 47 states require drivers to buy liability auto insurance, yet the median percentage of uninsured drivers in those states is 12%. Granted, that number might be even higher without the mandates. The point, however, is that any amount of noncompliance reduces the efficacy of the mandate. None of this means the uninsured are not a problem. Yet the true issue isn't that they cost the rest of us too much. It's that they simply get less care than most people (one reason uncompensated care is such a small fraction of health-care spending). And if the real concern is making health insurance and health care available to those in need, we should focus on reducing health-care prices and insurance premiums. The individual mandate is, at best, a distraction from that goal.Some proposals couple mandates with subsidies for the purchase of private insurance. As far as policies to encourage more private coverage go, you could do worse. But as long as the public has to subsidize the formerly uninsured, the problem with free riders has not been solved. We're just paying for them in a different way.To enact any mandate, legislators and bureaucrats must specify a minimum benefitspackage that an insurance policy must cover. Yet this package can't be defined in an apolitical way. Each medical specialty, from tumor treatment to acupuncture, will push for its services to be included. Ditto other interest groups. In government, bloat is the rule, not the exception.Even now, every state has a list of benefits that any health-insurance policy must cover-from contraception to psychotherapy to hair transplants. All states together have created nearly 1,900 mandated benefits. Of course, more generous benefits make insurance more expensive. A 2007 study estimates existing mandates boost premiums by more than 20%.If interest groups have found it worthwhile to lobby 50 state legislatures for laws affecting only voluntarily purchased insurance policies, they will surely redouble their efforts to affect the contents of a federally mandated insurance plan. Consequently, even more people will find themselves unable to afford insurance. Others will buy insurance, but only via public subsidies. Isn't that just what the doctor didn't order?A better approach to health reform would focus on removing mandates that drive up insurance。
9月英语高级口译真题+答案(2)
9月英语高级口译真题+答案(2)SECTION 2: READING TEST （30 minutes）Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, （A）, （B）, （C）or （D）, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-5Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their children’s success, it can be a bewildering, painful experience. So it’s no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that, just maybe, ambition can be taught like any other subject at school.It’s not quite that simple. “Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity, but they can’t be forced,” says Jacquelynne Eccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan, who led a landmark, 25-year study examining what motivated first-and seventh-grades in three school districts. Even so, a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don’t seem to hav e much. They say thatby instilling confidence, encouraging some risk taking, being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful, both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step. Assuming that a kid doesn’t suffer from an emotional or learning disability, or isn’t involved in some family crisis at home, many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressure t hat conveys the message that doing well academically somehow isn’t cool. “Kids get so caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb, and it blocks them from thinking about the long term,” says Carol Dweck, a psychology professor a t Stanford. “You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth.” Over the past couple of years, Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with New York City public school seventh-graders to do just that. Dubbed Brainology, the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life. “The message is that everything is within the kids’ control, that their intelligence is malleable,” says Lisa Blackwell, a re search scientist at Columbia University who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program, which has helped increase the students’ interest in school and turned around their declining math grades. More than any teacher or workshop, Blackwell says, “parents can play a critical role in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort, strategy and progress rather than emphasizing their ‘smartness’ or praising high performance alone. Most of all, parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for thedisappearance of drive in some kids. “These program s shut down the motivation of all kids who aren’t considered gifted and talented. They destroy their confidence,” says Jeff Howard, a social psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute, a Boston-area organization that works with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve children’s academic performance. Howard and other educators say it’s important to expose kids to a world beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extracurricular activities. “The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,” says Michael Nakkua l, a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF （Inventing the Future）, which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwork is irrelevant, to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious toddler, they need to understand that you have to learn to walk before you can run.1. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?（A）Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition.（B）How a baby learns to walk and talk.（C）Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school.（D）Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.2. According to some educators and psychologists, all of the following would be helpful to cultivate students’ ambition to succeed EXCEPT ________.（A）stimulating them to build up self-confidence（B）cultivating the attitude of risk taking（C）enlarging the areas for children to succeed（D）making them understand their family crisis3. What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children?（A）A sudden lack of motivation is attribute d to the student’s failure.（B）Book knowledge is not as important as practical experience.（C）Looking smart is more important for young people at school.（D）To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority.4. The word “malleable” in the clause “that their intelligence is malleable,” （para.3）most probably means capable of being ________.（A）altered and developed（B）blocked and impaired（C）sharpened and advanced（D）replaced and transplanted5. The expression “to disabuse them of the notion” （para.4）can be paraphrased as ________.（A）to free them of the idea（B）to help them understand the idea（C）to imbue them with the notion（D）to inform them of the conceptQuestions 6-10Civil-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week: the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft. As part of a long-running court case, the government has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavior. All but Google have handed over data, and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related to national security, but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography. In 1998, Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act （COPA）, but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal, the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore. In order to conduct a controlled experiment-to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics-the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines. It would then use those terms to do its own searches, employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers, in an attempt to quantify how often “material that is harmful to minors” might appear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case, the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform it s test. “We intend to resist their motion vigorously,” said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms, and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. （The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.）Originally, the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July 2005; the re quest has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case. If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites, the government will have wound up proving what the oppositionhas said all along-you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net. “We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,” says Ramez Naam, group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test, it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps, subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching. What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities? Says the DOJ’s Miller, “I’m assuming that if something raised alarms, we would hand it over to the pr oper authorities.” Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld, it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior. One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information, but the company hopes to eventually use the personal information of consenting customers to improve search performance. “Search is a window into people’s personalities,” says Kurt Opsahl, an Electronic Frontier Foundation attorney. “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”6. When the American government asked Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’ search behavior, the major intention is _________.（A）to protect national security（B）to help protect personal freedom（C）to monitor Internet pornography（D）to implement the Child Online Protection Act7. Google refused to turn over “its proprietary information”（para.2）required byDOJ as it believes that ________.（A）it is not involved in the court case（B）users’ privacy is most important（C）the government has violated the First Amendment（D）search terms is the company’s business secret8. The phrase “scaled back to” in the sentence“the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries” （para.3）can be replaced by _________.（A）maximized to（B）minimized to（C）returned to（D）reduced to9. In the sentence “One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”（para.4）, the expression “sink its own case” most probably means that _________.（A）counterattack the opposition（B）lead to blocking of porn sites（C）provide evidence to disprove the case（D）give full ground to support the case10. When Kurt Opsahl says that “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.” （para.5）, the expression “Big Brother” is used to refer to _________.（A）a friend or relative showing much concern（B）a colleague who is much more experienced（C）a dominating and all-powerful ruling power（D）a benevolent and democratic organization。
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部分））月高级口译第二部分阅读答案及解析（（部分2008年9月高级口译第二部分阅读答案及解析Years ago, when I first started building websites for newspapers, many journalists told me that they saw the Internet as the end of reliable journalism. Since anyone could publish whatever he wanted online, “real journalism” would be overwhelmed, they said. Who would need professional reporters and editors if anyone could be a reporter or an editor? I would tell them not to worry. While my personal belief is that anyone can be a reporter or editor, I also know that quality counts. And that the “Viral” nature of the Internet means that when people find quality, they let other people know about it. Even nontraditional media sites online will survive only if the quality of their information is trusted. The future of online news will demand more good reporters and editors, not fewer.So I was intrigued when Newsweek recently published a story called “Revenge of the Expert”. It argued that expertise would be the main component of “Web 3.0”. “The wisdom of the crowds has peaked,” says Jason Calacanis, founder of the Maholo “people-powered search engine” and a former AOL executive. “Web 3.0 is taking what we’ve built in Web 2.0----the wisdom of the crowds---and putting an editorial layer on it of truly talented, compensated people to make the product more trusted and refined.” Well, yes and no. Sure, it is important for people to trust the information they find online. And as the Newsweek article argues, the need for people to find trusted information online is increasing, thus the need for more expertise. But the article fails to mention the most important feature of the world of digital information. It’s not expertise-it’s choice.In many cases the sites that people come to trust are built on nontraditional models of expertise. Look at sites like , , or . There, users provide the expertise on which others depend, when many users’ select a particular story, that story accumulates votes of confidence, which often lead other users to choose that story. The choices of the accumulated community are seen as more trustworthy than the “gatekeeper” model of traditional news and information. Sometimes such sites highlight information that are ignored (or missed) by “experts”. It’s sort of the “open source” idea of information---a million eyes looking on the Web for information is better than a few.Jay Rosen, who writes the Press Think Blog, says in an e-mail that he’s seen this kind of story before, calling it a “kind of pathetic” trends reporting. “I said in 2006, when starting , that the strongest editorial combinations will be pro-am. I still think that. Why? Because for most reporters covering a big sprawling beat, It’s still true what Dan Gillmor said ‘My readers know more than I do.’And it’s still the case that tapping into that knowledge is becoming more practical because of the internet.”sica, a social-media strategist and former editor, also says he sees no departure from the “wisdom of the crowds ”model, “I’ve seen very little evidence that the sweeping cultural shifts we’ve seen in the past half dozen years show any signs of retreating.” scia says, “Young people now rely on social networks… to take cues from their friends on which movies to see,books to read…. And didn’t ‘Loney Planet Guide’s explore this terrain for travel and Zagat’s for dining back in the ‘90s?”In many cases, traditional media is still the first choice of online users because the reporter and editors of these media outlets have created a level of trust for many people-but not for everyone. When you combine the idea of expertise with the idea of choice, you discover nontraditional information sites that become some of the Internet’s most trusted places. Take , written by lawyers about cases in the Supreme Court. It has become the place to go for other lawyers, reporter, and editors to find in-depth information about important cases. The Internet also allows individuals to achieve this level of trust. For instance, the blog written by Robert Scoble, Mr.Scoble, a former Microsoft employee and tech expert, is widely seen as one of the most important people to read when you want to learn what’s happening in the world of technology. He built his large audience on the face that people trust his writing.To me, it’s the best of all possible information worlds.1.According to the passage, the expression “real journalism”is used to refer to_____.(A)Traditional newspaper and magazines.(B)Online news and information provided by “the crowds”(C)Online news and information provide by professional reporters and editors(D) News and information form both traditional media and nontraditional media sites.根据文章，“真实的新闻业”指代：解析：此题答案为C。