《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)参考答案05-06

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英语专业高级英语阅读期末考试答案

英语专业高级英语阅读期末考试答案

试卷类型:A 考试形式:闭卷PART I Write a summary. This summary should include the main points in your own words with no more than 200 words. (40%)In his essay “Children Must be Taught to Tell Right from Wrong,” William Kilpatrick argues fervently that the “decis ion-making”approach to the moral education of American youth, which replaced “character education” 25 years ago, has prevented juveniles from behaving and thinking in accordance with the traditional moral principles that are fundamental to American society. According to Kilpatrick, decision-making methods instill in students a wrong belief that all norms of morality are subjective constructs with only relative truth in them and therefore can be interpreted flexibly and even questioned. This belief deprives them of the chance to secure solid moral standards and induces misconceptions about what should be clearly right or wrong.In parallel with this inadequacy of the “decision-making” approach are the unexpected outcomes of those values-education programs fo cusing on students’ self-esteem that subscribe to the “non-judgmental” mindset dominating “decision-making” curriculums. Their mistaken assumption that feeling good warrants morality excuses students from criticizing and disciplining their own behaviors.Basing his conclusion on his analysis of the fundamental flaws of the decision-making approach, Kilpatrick finally proposes an immediate shift back to character education which he believes teaches morality more effectively by emphasizing practice instead of discussion.PART Ⅱ. Read the following poem and write the theme of the poem and your afterthoughts on the answer sheet. (30%)Theme of the poem: The poem is set in the woods and the speaker here is the stranger who stopped there, admiring what his eyes saw, the beautiful view. In the opening stanza, the poet wonders about owner of the woods and thinks he knows him.The stranger is in the woods and has a horse who thinks its weird that its owner has stopped in a place that does not have a farmhouse , but a place that is in between the woods and the frozen lake. The woods are cold, dark, silent, lifeless and deep. He is the only person there and can hear the “sweep of easy wind and downy flake”. The stranger wants to stay there but he cannot since he has to go back, to where he came from.Afterthoughts: open二、Reading Comprehension. (20%)1-5 DACBA 6-10 CDBBB三、Fast Reading. (10%)11-15 CADCC 16-20 BCDBA高级英语阅读期末考试答案第1 页共 1 页。

枣庄学院成人教育《高级英语写作》期末考试复习题及参考答案

枣庄学院成人教育《高级英语写作》期末考试复习题及参考答案

《高级英语写作》课程复习提纲一、单选题1.Fast service and low cost are important in the United States. (A )A、simple sentenceB、compound sentenceC、periodic sentenceD、complex sentence2.What kind of figures of speech(修辞格)is used in the sentence “Thunder roared and a pouring rain started.”?(D )A、MetaphorB、PersonificationC、SimileD、Hyperbole3.What are good manners in one country may not be appropriate in another.( C )A、simple sentenceB、compound sentenceC、complex sentenceD、compound-complex sentence4.A paragraph is a:( B )A、long paper of 500 to 750 wordsB、short paper of 150 to 200 wordsC、journalD、topic sentence5.A topic sentence is a(n):(A )A、opening pointB、series of detailsC、paragraphD、journal6.An introductory paragraph should arouse the reader’s interest and __________ the main idea of the essay.( B )A、ignoreB、introduceC、developD、emphasize7.In an essay that emphasizes_____, a writer tells a story that illustrates or explains some point. (B )A、descriptionB、narrationC、processD、definition8.In _____, a writer takes a strong position about an issue and defends that position by presenting solid reasons. ( D )A、exemplificationB、expositionC、narrationD、argumentation9.A recipe is an example of a piece of writing that emphasizes _____. ( B )A、comparison and/or contrastB、processC、narrationD、argumentation10.If you want to write to a friend about a beautiful sunset, you would use writing that emphasizes _____. ( D )A、division-classificationB、definitionC、processD、description11.__________ does not contain in the principles of “choice of words”.(C )A、ConcisenessB、AppropriatenessC、ArbitrarinessD、Accuracy12.A summary is also referred to as a(n) _____.( C )A、outlineB、reportC、abstractD、All of these13.If your writing is clear, spelled accurately, and uses correct grammar, it will _____.(D )A、have unityB、have supportC、have coherenceD、demonstrate effective sentence skills14.Behind every successful man, there is a woman and behind every unsuccessful man, there are two.( B )A、personificationB、antithesisC、euphemismD、oxymoron15.According to the rules of writing a title, “__________”is correct.(A )A、My View on the Negative Effects of SmokingB、The Way To Improve Our English-Speaking AbilityC、the war of IndependenceD、the Myth of Chinese Literature16.The farms were short of hands during the harvest season.(C )A、antithesisB、metaphorC、synecdocheD、oxymoron17.Which of the following sentences is correct with punctuation?( D )A、My sister bought a lot of fruits for me, such as banana、orange、apple and pear.B、We will go there, if it is fine tomorrow.C、Why is he so happy today? Because he has won the lottery.D、He asked, “Where are you from?”18.This has made it necessary for agriculture to develop very quickly.(A )A、simple sentenceB、compound sentenceC、complex sentenceD、loose sentence19.Although he had done all he could to come early, he missed the lecture.(C )A、simple sentenceB、compound sentenceC、periodic sentenceD、loose sentence20.During _______, another person responds to your writing and marks possible trouble spots. (B )A、prewritingB、peer reviewC、writing a first draftD、revising21.We shall appreciate it if you will effect shipment as soon as possible, thus _______ our buyers to catch the brisk demand at the beginning of the season.(B )A、enableB、enablingC、enables22.Which of the following sentences has punctuation error?(A )A、The alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly.B、The alarm clock sounded; the students got up quick.C、The alarm clock sounded. The students got up quickly.D、When the alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly.23.________ we appreciate your cooperation in giving us the information about your market, we regret that we are unable to reduce our price to the level you indicated.(C )A、DespiteB、SinceC、While24._____ the quality, you must assure that we would get the goods produced in 2004.(B )A、In regard toB、Due toC、In view of25.(修辞辨别)Selfless people are like cows, which eat straw but produce milk.()A、metaphorB、OverstatementC、UnderstatementD、simile二、填空题1.There are two main types of definition -logical or (____formal____), and extended or (___informal_____).2.The purpose of exposition is to (___inform_____); the purpose of argumentation, on the other。

往年例题英语写作

往年例题英语写作
What Chinese parents understand is that nothing is fun until you're good at it. To get good at anything you have to work, and children on their own never want to work, which is why it is crucial to override their preferences. This often requires fortitude on the part of the parents because the child will resist; things are always hardest at the beginning, which is where Western parents tend to give up. But if done properly, the Chinese strategy produces a virtuous circle. Tenacious practice is crucial for excellence; rote repetition is underrated inAmerica. Once a child starts to excel at something—whether it's math, piano, pitching or ballet—he or she gets praise, admiration and satisfaction. This builds confidence and makes the once not-fun activity fun. This in turn makes it easier for the parent to get the child to work even more.

《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)参考答案05-06

《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)参考答案05-06

《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)参考答案05-062005 -2006 学年第二学期《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)参考答案I.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words andphrases. (15%)1. speaks volumes2. in the vicinity of3. at his disposal4. acted as5. oblivious不知道的of6. look up to7. to no avail8. follow suit9. a battery of 10. in lieu of场所11. unparalleled 12. reassuring 13. circulation 14. significance 15. engulfedII.Paraphrase the following sentences, especially paying attention to the underlined part. (20%)看要求评分III.Proofreading (10%)The Great Depression first started in the New York StorkExchange. In the 1920s, there were fatal flaws on the prosperity 1. inof the economy. Overproduction of crops depresses food prices, 2. depressedand farmers suffered. Industrial workers were earning better wages,but they still did not have enough purchased power tocontinue buying 3.purchasingthe flood of goods that poured out of their factories. With profitssoar and interest rates low, a great deal of money was available 4.soaringfor investment, and much of tha t capital wen t into reckless 5. butspeculation. Billions of dollars \that poured into the stock market, and 6 thatfrantic bidding boosted the price of share far above their real value. 7.sharesAs long as the market prospered, speculators could make fortunesovernight, but they could be ruined just as quick if stock 8.quicklyprices fell. On October 24, 1929 –“Black Thursday” -- awave of panic selling of stocks swept the New York StockExchange. Once started, the collapse of shares and othersecurity prices could not be halted. By 1932, thousandsof banks and over 100,000 businesses had been failed. Industrial 9. beenproduction was cut in half, farm income had fallen by more than half, wages had increased 60%, new investment was 10. decreaseddown 90%, and one out of every four was unemployed in the USA.IV.Reading comprehension (25%)1-5 BCADB 6-10 BCBCA11-15 CCBCA 16-20 DDCCB 21-25 BAACAV. Text analysis (30%)看要求评分。

高级英语第二册期末试卷及答案

高级英语第二册期末试卷及答案

Ⅰ. Word explanation: (30%)1. convictA. criminalB. aggressorC. captainD. captor2. plightA. conditionB. irritationC. conscienceD. objection3. putridA. clearB. religiousC. purifiedD. decaying4. infuriateA. set apart from othersB. fill with rageC. become fastenedD. keep in a certain position5. vantageA. advantageB. disadvantageC. comfortless positionD. variable situation6. perspicaciousA. determinateB. flagitiousC. keenD. prestigious7. unfathomableA. which can't be understoodB. which can be measuredC. which is not realisticD. which is not deep8. succinctlyA. successfullyB. clearlyC. obviouslyD. continuously9. derelictA. grievousB. deprivedC. abandonedD. hunted10. intoxicationA. exhilarationB. extricationC. extinctionD. extraction11. myopicA. obscureB. short-sightedC. far-reachingD. uncertain12. incarceration A. importanceB. compassionC. imprisonmentD. influence13. barbarityA. crueltyB. forgivenessC. civilizationD. commitment14.invectiveA. beautiful wordsB. facial expressionsC. convincing speechD. abusive language15. alienatA. allyB. estrangeC. uniteD. oppose16.cornyA. old fashionedB. stupidC. humorousD. opinionated17. diabolicalA. boringB. dreadfulC. interestingD. reasonable18.debrisA. small individual partsB. completely good placesC. well preserved piecesD. scattered broken pieces19. ponderousA. considerateB. thoughtfulC. heavyD. divided20. forsakeA. saveB. abandonC. supportD. benefit21. heedA. rise on feetB. strike on the headC. pay attention toD. give new life22. desistA. insist onB. ceaseC. hackleD. castrate23. immuneA. impureB. revivalC. odorousD. secure24. fracasA. appearanceB. wealthC. residenceD. fight25. pathologyA. the study of religionB. the study of philosophyC. the study of diseaseD. the study of path26. modulateA. fixB. varyC. hesitateD. speak27. illicitA. uneducatedB. unreasonableC. unlawfulD. illiterate28. slumpA. rise upB. sink downC. move onD. repeat29. subversionA. rebuildingB. successionC. destroyingD. salvage30. incredulousA. unbelievingB. increasingC. industriousD. unimprovedⅡ. Spell out the words according to the meaning.1. Something that is _______ is deliberately deceitful, dishonest or untrue.A. spontaneousB. frenziedC. fraudulentD. stultifying2. If something ____________ your skin, it cuts it badly and deeplyA. lacerateB. demolishC. scudD. shrink3. People and animals that are _________ are hostile and unfriendly.A. inimicalB. derelictC. facetiousD. aberrant4. Something that is __________ is so bad or unpleasant that it makes you feel disgust or dismay.A. appealingB. appallingC. apparentD. appearing5. If you _________, you travel or move slowly and not in any particular direction.A. invokeB. meanderC. prescribeD. infuse6. A person who acts without thinking about what they are doing is often called an ____________.A. automationB. automatonC. automatD. autonomy7. A __________ is a group of trees that are close together, often because they have been planted in this way.A. gruffB. grudgeC. grovelD. grove8. If you ________ to something, you mention it in avery indirect way.A. illustrateB. concoctC. alludeD. invoke9. If a place is ______ by a particular route or method of transport, you are able to reach it by this route or method.A. accessibleB. assessableC. accessableD. acessable10. If someone has _______ motives or reasons for doing something, they do not show their motives openly but hide them.A. hideousB. desultoryC. compulsiveD. ulteriorⅢ.Paraphrase: (10%)1. All are expressions of creative transformation of nature by man' reason and skill.2. They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible demands.3. The benefit is that he begins to suspect home in the traditional sense is another name for limitations.4. Every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.5. Yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.Ⅳ. Determine, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false. Put a "T" for True and "F" for False. (15%)1. The "sad young men" in the 20's were also called the"lost generation" by F. Scott Fitzgerald.2. The concerns and objectives of industrial psychologists are to make the workers happy andsatisfied.3. With the spread of technology and science, peoplebecome more and more identical.4. "The King's English" was regarded as a form of racial discrimination during the Normal rule in England about1154- 1399.5. President Kennedy, in his address, made concrete proposals to stop the arms race and to build a just andpeaceful world.6. The old women screamed in surprise when the writer gave her a five-sou piece because she was not taken notice of by anyone and treated as a human being.7. If there is not a great disaster caused by a nuclear war, the universalizing force of technology will not continue to influence modern culture and the people's conscience.8. In "the Future of the English", Priestley doesn't explain what the future of the English is going to be.9. According to Mencken, the landscape of Westmoreland is not pleasant to look at for there are somany ugly houses along the line.10. John Koshak felt very guilty because it was he who made the final decision to stay and face the hurricane.11. In "Loving and hating New York", the writer states he both loves and hates New York, but he fails to tell thereasons, especially why he hates New York.12. The machine aesthetic was discovered by MadameGabrielle Buffet-Picabia.13. Science has showed that the world is made of realmaterial object that we see with our eyes.14. There were no real architects in Westmoreland, or they could otherwise have built a chelet with low-pitchedroof and taller than it was wide.15. Fromm agrees to the activities of those industrial psychologists, whose concerns and the objectives are toincrease the productivity of workers.Ⅴ. Choose the one which fits the meaning of the texts we've learned. (10%)1. Mencken wrote that when the house becomes absolutely black, it appears _________.A. pleasing to the eyeB. ugly to the eyeC. dirty to the eyeD. horrible to the eye2. When the girl, Polly, backfired him with all the logical fallacies she had learned from him, the law student felt that he was like _______________.A. Madame CurieB. Mr. PidgeonC. PygmalionD. Frankenstein3. The general impression of the color of the houses in Westmoreland is ___________.A. greenB. redC. blackD. yellow4. There is always a great danger that "words are harden into things for us" means that there is always a great danger that ____________A. we might forget that words are only symbols andtake them for things they are supposed to represent.B. we might remember that words are only symbolsand they are not concrete things.C. we might forget that words are concrete things.D. we might remember that words are only symbolsand they are only representation of concrete things.5. "You would go far to find another girl so agreeable" means _______________A. It would be easy if you could find another girlwho was so agreeable.B. It would be easy if you could find another girlwho was not so agreeable.C. It would not be easy if you could find anothergirl who was so agreeableD. It would not be easy if you could find anothergirl who was not so agreeable.6. The Arab navvy was hungry. He was not used to begging, so he sidled slowly toward the writer. Here " he sidled slowly" means _________.A. he spoke slowly and shylyB. he looked shyly and sidewiseC. he looked shyly and sidewiseD. he looked shyly and sidewise7. In the Middle Ages, work, according to Fromm, was_________A. a duty.B. a drudgeryC. meaningful.D. forced labor8.The stated policy of Kennedy toward Latin American countries is summed up in the phrase:________A. "alliance for progress".B. "revolutionary belief".C. "help them help themselves"D. "support their own freedom"9. The look of the young Negro soldier that Orwell was expecting was ________A. gthat of profound respect.sB. that of curiosityC. that of curiosityD. sensitive and uneasy.10. The writer of "In Favor of Capital Punishment" wants _____A. to abolish capital punishment.B. the government to support capital punishmentC. to retain capital punishment.D. to refute capital punishment.Ⅵ. Reading comprehension: (15%)TEXT A THE PLEDGEThe old woman glanced for a moment at what he had brought to pawn, but at once stared in the eyes of her uninvited visitor. She looked intently, maliciously and mistrustfully.A minute passed; he even fancied something like a sneer in her eyes, as though she had already guessed everything. He felt that he was losing his head, the he was almost frightened, so frightened that if she were to look like that and not say a word for another half minute, he thought he would have run away from her."Why do you look at me as though you did not know me?" he said suddenly, also with malice. "Take it if you like, if not I'll go elsewhere, I am in a hurry."He had not even thought of saying this, but it was suddenly of itself. The old woman recovered herself, and her visitor's resolute tone evidently restored her confidence."But why, my good sir, all of a minute... What is it?" she asked, looking at the pledge."The silver cigarette case; I spoke of it last time, you know."She held out her hand."But how pale you are, to be sure... and your hands are trembling too? Have you been bathing, or what?""Fever," he answered abruptly. "You can't help getting pale... if you've nothing to eat," he added, with difficulty articulating the words.His strength was failing him again. But his answer sounded like the truth; the old woman took the pledge."What is it?" she asked once more, scanning Raskolnikov intently and weighing the pledge in her hand."A thing... cigarette case...Silver... Lookat it.""It does not seem somehow like silver...How he had wrapped it up!"Try to untie the string and turning to the window, to the light (all her windows were shut, in spite of the stifling heat), she left him altogether for some seconds and stood with her back to him. He unbuttoned his coat and freed the axe from the noose, but did not yet take it out altogether, simply holding it in his right hand under the coat. His hands were fearfully weak, he felt them every moment growing more numb and more wooden. He was afraid he would let the axe slip and fall... A sudden giddiness came over him.1. "... she had already guessed everything" means that the old woman ________A. was sure that he had stolen something.B. was aware that he was sick unto death.C. was sure that he was up to somethingevil.D. knew what he had brought her.2. That Raskolnikov had probably done some careful planning, prior to his commission of a crime is indicated by which of the following statements?A. "She looked intently, maliciously andmistrustfully."B. "Why do you look at me as though youdid not know me?"C. "Have you been bathing, or what?"D. "How he has wrapped it up!"3. The word "pledge" as used here in the passage means ________A. something given as security for a loanB. a promise to be loyal.C. a written agreement.D. anything that is stolen4. The fact that "all her windows were shut" is probably indicative of ________A. the old woman's poor physicalcondition.B. the old woman's caution.C. Raskolnikov's cunning.D. nothing more than a mere coincidence.5. The mood of the passage is one ofA. thoughtfulnessB. disgustC. nonchalance.D. anxietyTEXT B WIT AND HUMORI am not sure that I can draw an exact line between wit and humor (perhaps the distinction is so subtle that only those persons can decide who have long white beards); but even an ignorant person may express an opinion in this matter.I am quite positive that humor is the more comfortable and lovable quality, for humorous persons, if their gift is genuine and not a mere shine upon the surface, are always agreeable companions. They have pleasant mouths turned up at the corners, to which the greatMaster of Marionettes has fixed the strings and he holds them in his nimblest fingers to twitch them at the slightest jest. But the mouth of a merely witty man is hard and sour. Nor is the flash from a witty man always comforting, but a humorous man radiates a general pleasure.I admire wit, but I have no real liking for it; it has been too often employed against me, whereas humor is always an ally: it never points an impertinent finger into my defects. A wit's tongue, however, is as sharp as a donkey's stick ___ I may gallop the faster for its prodding, but the touch behind is too persuasive for any comfort.Wit is a lean creature with a sharp inquiring nose, whereas humor has a kindly eye and a comfortable girth. Wit has a better voice in a solo, but humor comes into the chorus best.Wit keeps the season's fashions and is precise in the phrases and judgements of the day, but humor is concerned with homelyeternal things.6. The author's attitude toward wit can most accurately be described as _______A. cautious admiration.B. wholehearted amusement.C. tolerant disapprovalD. aversion7. A wit's tongue is like a donkey's stick in that both ______A. consider their victim's feelings.B. are gently persuasiveC. goad their victims.D. are used with definite purpose.8. The author thinks of humor as an ally because it ________A. seldom fails to amuse people.B. is enjoyableC. can be employed against others.D. does not cause discomfort.9. Implied but not stated:A. Humor is always genuine.B. Wit is more nimble that humor.C. Humorous persons have pleasant faces.D.Humor comes by more naturallythan wit.10. The distinction between wit and humor is _______A. of no particular importance.B. solely a matter of opinion.C. subtle.D. exact and important.TEXT C Which is a catalog card in a library and answer question 11.PR2065G31 B81966 Burrow, John Anthony.A Reading of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight by J. A. Burrow.New York, Bares & Noble (1966)viii, 199p. 23mm.Bibliographical references.Green Knight. 1. Title.1. Gawain and the Green KnightPR2065.G31B81966821.166-568Library of Congress (3)11. The phrase "Bibliographical references" gives usA. the call number.B. publication dataC. a description of the bookD. subjects under which the books iscatalogued.TEXT D is an ad in a telephone directory. Skim it quickly to answer question 12.MARKHAM PLUMBING & HEATINGSince 1935Plumbing and Heating InstallationLARGE OR SMALL REPAIRSRESIDENTIAL COMMERCIALN.J. State FREELicense #4807 ESTIMATES24 Hour 7 Day Service 228-4495461 GORDON WAYHARRINGTON12. What service is offered free by Markham Plumbing & Heating?A. InstallationB. State licensing.C. Estimates of costsD. Large or small repairsTEXT EWherever a dramatic author is asked to discuss "the mission of the playwright", there is a great temptation for him to become pretentious. Instead of being just a hardworking writer, he suddenly becomes a man with a mission. For a moment this makes him feel quite important and he begins to think about his mission: to hold up the mirror to nature, to interpret a generation to itself, to question outmoded conventions, to protest, to extol, to criticize--- and so on through the cliches.Ask a hundred playwrights what they see as their mission and you will get a hundred different answers. Playwriting, like any other kind of writing, is a highly personal matter. The dramatist writes out of a personal need to express himself on some facet of his world--- on social abuse, personal morality, the need for love and understanding, loneliness, or whatever. None of these is better than anyother, only different. Nor is the playwright any less worthy who simply sets out to entertain his audience, to amuse it, to make it laugh.The mission of the playwright, then, is to look into his heart and write, to write of whatever concerns him at the moment, to write with passion and conviction. Of course, the measure of the man will be the measure of his plays. A man cannot express more than is in him, though often, to his regret, he expresses less because of almost the inevitable failure to realize his vision fully.Of course, the writer whose heart beats in a too special way, whose interests and concerns are esoteric, will probably not be a good playwright because---to get back to the cliches, as we must---a writer does reflect nature, does interpret his generation to itself; and if he and his concerns are far removed from his generation, an audience will find no recognition in his work and therefore no pleasure, no enlightenment.13. If a playwright neither reflects nature nor interprets his generation to itself, he_________A. may not be understood by his audience.B. will become successful.C. will not write of whatever concerns him.D. cannot define his "mission".14. A playwright _________A. usually expresses more than what is inhim.B. usually realizes his vision fullyC. can always express more than what isin him.D. often expresses less than what is inhim.15. "To hold the mirror up to nature" "to interpret a generation to itself," these are_________A. examples of cliches used byplaywrights.B. what playwrights conceive to be theirmission.C. the only real missions of the playwright.D. both A and B.Notes:extol --- to praise very highlyesoteric --- limitedⅦ. Answer briefly the following sentences: (5%)1. What are the specific positive values of work?2. Why the chief attraction of Lesson Five is its humor?Ⅷ. Translate the following into English: (5%) 1.21世纪,世界科学技术和生产力必将发生新的革命性突破。

《高级英语阅读(二) 》 答案

《高级英语阅读(二) 》  答案

▆■■■■■■■■■■■■福建师范大学网络与继续教育学院《高级英语阅读(二)》期末考试A卷姓名:张倩专业:英语学号: 182201807653109学习中心:东北大学无锡研究院奥鹏学习中心[2017]答案务必写在最后一页答案卷上,否则不得分!一、客观题(答案务必写在答题纸上,60分,每题2分)I 判断对错:对的写“T”,错的写“F”Read lesson 4 Text B , Do True or False Questions(阅读教材第4课课文B ,判断对错):Washington Irving’s Sunnyside in Tarrytown, New YorkAccompanying a plan of Sunnyside (unprinted here), a former residence of Washington Irving in New York, is the following text. We have left out its title, which indicates clearly its purpose, in the hope that the reader will reconstruct it after reading the text.Sunnyside is one of the few surviving and best-documented examples of American romanticism in architecture and landscape design. Andrew Jackson Downing featured Sunnyside in his Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening (1841) as an example of the "progressive improvement in Rural Architecture..." which, he explained, strives to be in "perfect keeping" with "surrounding nature" by its "varied" and "picturesque" outline. 'Architectural beauty," he taught, "must be considered conjointly with the beauty of the landscape,"Walking the 24-acre grounds is a pleasure in every season. Swans glide on the pond Irving called "the little Mediterranean", and a stone flume delights the ear with the sound of rushing water. A path leads up a small rise and from there down into "the glen," and up to the house. Behind the house, another path winds along the Hudson for views of the river at its widest point, the Tappan Zee.The modest stone cottage which was later to become Sunnysidewas originally a tenant farmer's house built in the late-seventeenthcentury on the Philipsburg Manor. During the eighteenth century, thecottage was owned by a branch of the Van Tassel family, the nameIrving later immortalized in "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow".Irving purchased the cottage in 1835 and directed the remodeling,adding Dutch-stepped gables, ancient weathervanes, and developingGothic and Romanesque architectural features for other parts of thehouse. He was so pleased with his home that in 1836 he wrote to hisbrother, Peter: "I am living most cozily and delightfully in this dear,bright little home, which I have fitted up to my own humor. Everythinggoes on cheerily in my little household and I would not exchange thecottage for any chateau in Christendom."Today's visitor to Sunnyside sees Irving's home much as itappeared during the final years of his life. The author's booklined studycontains his writing desk—a gift from his publisher, G.P. Putnam andmany personal possessions. The dining room, in which Irving and hisdinner guests often gathered to enjoy the beautiful sunsets over theHudson River, adjoins the parlor. Here Irving played his flute, while hisnieces, Sarah and Catherine, accompanied him on the rosewood piano.The piano and other original furnishings still grace the room. The smallpicture gallery off the parlor contains some original illustrations forIrving's work. The kitchen was quite advanced for its day, having a hotwater boiler and running water fed from the pond through agravity-blow system. The iron cookstove was also a "modernconvenience," replacing the open hearth in the 1850's.The second floor of the house contains several bedrooms, each ofwhich has its own personal character. The guest bedroom is furnishedwith a French-style bed and painted cottage pieces. The ingeniousarches in this and other rooms were designed by Irving. His bedroom,where he died in 1859, contains the author's tester Sheraton bed, alongwith his walking stick and a number of his garments and personaleffects. The small, bright room between the bedrooms might have beenused by Irving's nephew and biographer, Pierre Munro Irving, whocared for his uncle during the last months of his life. The room wasused originally to store books and papers. The bedroom used byIrving's nieces contains an Irving-family field bed with hand-madebobbin lace hangings, a chest of drawers, sewing stands, and anornamental stove. The guest room contains a cast iron bed probablymade in one of the foundries along the Hudson.Write True (T) or False (F)for the following questions.1.Sunnyside is the former residence of Washington Irving in WashingtonD.C2..Sunny side is a typical representative of Romanticism of Americancity architecture.3.According to Andrew Jackson Downing , architectural beauty must bein harmony with the beauty of the surrounding landscape.4.During the 18th century ,the cottage was owned by Van Tassel who wasmentioned by Irving in his book “the Legend of the Hollow” .5.Irving didn’t make any change to the cottage after he purchased it.6.Today’s Sunnyside has changed a lot compared with its appearance inIrving’s time.7.Sunnyside was built near the Hudson River.8.The study , the dining room , the parlor and the kitchen are all on thefirst floor of Irving’s house..9.All the bedrooms on the second floor are almost furnished in the samestyle.10.Washington Irving was cared for by his daughter during the last periodof his life.II 选择题Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Eachpassage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and write the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do yourealize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a secondlonger, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every socialsituation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gazewithout being intimate, rude, or aggressive. If you are on an elevator,what gaze-time are you permitted? To answer this question, considerwhat you typically do. You very likely give other passengers a quickglance to size them up and to assure them that you mean no threat.Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction,you need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. Soyou cut off eye contact, what sociologist Erving Goffman (1963) calls“a dimming of the lights”. You look down at the floor, at theindicator lights, anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Shouldyou break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator? You willmake the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely tofeel a bit strange yourself.If you hold eye contact for more than 3 seconds, what are youtelling another person? Much depends on the person and the situation.For instance, a man and a woman communicate interest in this manner.They typically gaze at each other for about 3 seconds at a time, thendrop their eyes down for 3 seconds, before letting their eyes meet again.▆▆■■■■■■■■■■■■。

高英期末样卷

高英期末样卷

课程名称:高级英语试卷: A 考试形式:闭卷授课专业:考试日期:试卷:共7 页I. Reading Comprehension (20*1%=20%).Requirements: Y ou’re required to read Passage 1~3 in depth and skim & scan Passage 4~6 and answer questions on your answer sheet.Passage 1I was born in Tuckahoe, Talbot Country, Maryland. I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it. By far the larger part of the slaves knows as little of their age as horses know of theirs, and it is the wish of most masters within my knowledge to keep their slaves thus ignorant. I do not remember having ever met a slave who could tell of his birthday. They seldom come nearer to it than planting-time, harvesting, springtime, or falltime. A lack of information concerning my own was a source of unhappiness to me even during childhood. The white children could tell their ages, I could not tell why I ought to be deprived of the same privilege. I was not allowed to make any inquires of my master concerning it. He considered all such inquires on the part of a slave improper and impertinent. The nearest estimate I can give makes me now between twenty-seven and twenty-eight years of age. I come to this, from hearing my master say, some time during 1835, I was about seventeen years old. My mother was named Harriet Bailey. She was the daughter of Isaac and Betsey Bailey, both colored, and quite dark.My mother was of a darker complexion than either my grandmother or grandfather.My father was a white man. The opinion was also whispered that my master was my father; but of the correctness of this opinion, I know nothing; the means of knowing was withheld from me. My mother and I were separated when I was but an infant-before I knew her as my mother. It is a common custom, in the part of Maryland from which I ran away, to part children from their mothers at a very early age. Frequently, before the child has reached its twelfth month, its mother is taken from it, and hired out on some farm a considerable distance off, and the child is placed under the care of an older woman, too old for field labor. For what this separation is done, I do not know, unless it was to hinder the development of the child's affection towards its mother.1.The author did not know exactly when he was born because ______A. he did not know who his mother was.B. there was no written evidence of it.C. his master did not tell his father.D. nobody on his farm knew anything about it.2.In the mid-nineteenth century, slaves often ______A. marked their birthdays by the season.B. did not really care how old they were.C. forgot the exact time when they were born.D. pretended not to know each other's birthdays.3.The author’s mother told him ______A. his father was black.B. his father was white.C. nothing about his father.D. his master was his father.4.According the passage, when the author was very young his mother ______A. ran away.B. was light-skinnedC. had several children.D. was sent to work elsewhere.5.The author had not spent much time with his ______A. mother.B. master.C. grandfather.D. grandmother.6.The author was most probably raised ______A. by his grandparents.B. by an old woman slave.C. with his master’s support.D. together with other children.Passage 2When Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected President of the United States in 1932, not only the United States but also the rest of the world was in the throes of an economicdepression. Following the termination of World War I, Britain and the United States at first experienced a boom in industry. Called the Roaring Twenties, the 1920s ushered in a number of things -- prosperity, greater equality for women in the work world, rising consumption, and easy credit. The outlook for American business was rosy.October 1929 was a month that had catastrophic economic reverberations worldwide. The American stock market witnessed the ―Great Crash‖, as it is called, and the temporary boom in the American economy came to a standstill. Stock prices sank, and panic spread. The ensuing unemployment figure soared to 12 million by 1932.Germany in the postwar years suffered from burdensome compensation it was obliged to pay to the Allies. The country's industrial capacity had been greatly diminished by the war. Inflation, political instability, and high unemployment were factors helpful to the growth of the initial Nazi party. Germans had lost confidence in their old leaders and heralded the arrival of a messiah-like figure who would lead them out of their economic wilderness. Hitler promised jobs and, once elected, kept his promise by providing employment in the party, in the newly expanded army, and in munitions factories.Roosevelt was elected because he promised a ―New Deal‖to lift the United States out of the doldrums of the depression. Following the principles advocated by Keynes, a British economist, Roosevelt collected the spending capacities of the federal government to provide welfare, work, and agricultural aid to the millions of down-and-out Americans. Elected President for four terms because of his innovative policies, Roosevelt succeeded in dragging the nation out of the depression before the outbreak of World War II.7.Which of the following was NOT true at the time Roosevelt was elected?A. Stock prices were recovering slowly.B. The nation was in a deep depression.C. There were 12 million unemployed workers.D. The nation needed help from the federal government.8.The ―Great Crash‖ in the passage refers to _____.A. the end of World War IB. the Great DepressionC. high unemployment figuresD. a slump in the stock market9.We can infer that the author of this passage _____.A. disapproves of Roosevelt's ―New Deal‖B. thinks the Depression could have been avoidedC. blames the Depression on the ―Great Crash‖D. feels there was some similarity between Roosevelt and Hitler10.The best title for the passage is _____.A. The TwentiesB. The Great CrashC. The DepressionD. The End of World War IPassage 3In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various induction of price, quality and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. In the health care industry, however, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer, Once an individual has chosen to see a physician, the physician usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return ―next Wednesday‖, whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc.This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor’s judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real ―consumer‖. As a consequence, the medical staff represents the ―power-center‖ in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants, the physician, the hospital, the patient and the prayer (generally an insurance carrier or government), the physician makes the essential decision for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physicians; the payer generally meets most of the bonafide (真正的) bills generated by the physician/hospital and for the most part, the patient plays a passive role. In ro utine or minor illnesses, or just plain worries, the patient’s options are of course much greater with respect to use and price. But in illnesses that are of some significance, such choice tends to evaporate. And it is for these illnesses that the bulk of the health care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, economy measures directed at patient or the general or the general public are relatively ineffective.11.The author’s primary purpose is to _________.A. criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patientsB. analyze some important economic factors in health careC. urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authorityD. inform potential patients of their health care rights12.It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospital policiesbecause ________.A. it is doctors who generate income for the hospitalB. most of a patient’s bills are paid by his health insuranceC. hospital administrators lack the expertise to question medical decisionsD. a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patient’s health13.According to the author, when a doctor tells a patient to ―return nextWednesday,‖ the doctor is in fact _________.A. taking advantage of the patient’s concern for his healthB. instructing the patient to buy more medical servicesC. warning the patient that a hospital stay might be necessaryD. advising the patient to seek a second opinion14.The author is most probably leading up to a (n) _________.A. proposal to control medical costsB. discussions of new medical treatmentC. analysis of the causes of inflation in the United StatesD. comparison of hospitals and factories15.The tone of the passage can best be described as _________.A. arbitraryB. faultfindingC. analyticalD. inquisitive Passage 4First read the following questions. The text below is a selection from a leaflet.16.If you want to know something about Stanislavski methods, you shouldattend the activity on ____A.10 May.B. 24 June.C. 9 July.D. 9 June.17.The workshops are arranged for ____.A. students withoutB. NT Education membersC. teachers onlyD. students with IDNow scan the text quickly and answer the questions.Education Events drama schools perform duologues fromElizabethan / Jacobean Dramatic Please do not use the new booking formfor the following two events; pleasebook in person or on 071-928 2252.STOP PRESSThe William Poel Festival10 May Olivier 2.00-4.15pmAn annual dramatic verse speakingevent, established by Dame Edith Evansin memory of the actor-director WilliamPoel. Students from the accreditedliterature. Arranged with the Society forTheatre Research. £3.5Some Places Still Available …Mr. A’s Amazing Maze Plays 12 June2-4pmOnly for children who have alreadyseen the production.A practical drama workshop on theplay. £5New Education EventsMacbeth 24 June 10.30am-5pm.For English or Drama teachers whoplan see the production.Thisworkshop aims to provide teachers withan insight into the production and itsworking methods.£36 (includes matinee ticket)Brecht W orkshop26 June 1 p.m. –6.30 p.m.For teachers of Drama & English.The aim of this one day workshop is togive an insight into the work of Brecht,as well as offering practical exercisesand approaches for use with students.With reference to Mother Courage.£30Stanislavski W orkshop9/10 July1 p.m. -- 6.30 p.m.For teachers of Drama & TheatreStudies. A practical two-day workshop,led by Richard Hahlo, looking at theway actors apply Stanislavski methodsto next and character. With reference toChekhov’s The Cherry Orchard. Onlyfor teachers who have not taken part ina previous Stanislavski course at theNational.£60.Y oung Student CardA free card for students without ID,which enables the holder to buy StudentStandby tickets (only£5.50-- see pp18/19). To obtain cards teachers mustwrite to the Mailing Department at theNational. To be eligible,teachers/students must be NTEducation members.Royal National Theatre / W H SmithInteractThis scheme makes workshopsavailable to schools and colleges allover the UK, at an affordable price. Fora copy of the Interact leaflet please sendan SAE to the Education Department.For more information please ring theInteract direct line 071-928 5214.Passage 5First read the questions.18.The purpose of the letter is to ____A. show travellers their hospitality.B. prevent ill will.C. encourage travellers to stay.D. inform the travellers of their rate increases.Now, go through the text quickly and answer the question.GRAND CAY HOTELNottingham-Darby Stockbridge Lane NC 125 FQTelephone: (06362) 04183Telex: 585746 Dear Traveller,In attempting to provide the best service possible for our guests, we’ve been faced with a problem. More and more often, it seems, people are engaging hotel accommodations without prior booking, and leaving without settling their accounts.These ―silent departures‖have caused us —and other hotels as well —substantial cash losses. So far, at Grand Cay we’ve been able to absorb these losses without passing their cost on to our guests in the form of increased prices. But we’re approaching our limit.So, in order to prevent further losses of this sort, and to keep our prices as low as possible in this time of inflation, we are asking that — any person desiring overnight accommodation without a prior confirmed booking, please pay in advance the full cost of the accommodation.Only by the introduction of such safeguards can the problem be alleviated. Please understand our position, and know that the service we will provide you will continue to be the best we can humanly offer.Many thanks,Godfrey BillinghamGeneral Manager Passage 6First read the questions.19.According to the notes, for visitors, National Trust properties are not open ____A. on Saturdays.B. on Sundays.C. on Good Fridays.D. on Bank holidays.20.We learn from the notes, reduced rates are given to ____A. the handicapped.B. unescorted children.C. senior citizens.D. pre-arranged groups of visitors.Now go through the text quickly and answer the questions.NOTES FOR VISITORS TO NATIONAL TRUST PROPERTIES1. Children under seventeen and accompanied by an adult are welcome at half price. If unaccompanied they are admitted at the discretion of the Trust; children under five admitted free. (Children over 3 are charged at Wimpole Home Farm.)Prams, pushchairs and back packs are not allowed inside Trust Houses. Please check with the property before the visit. Most Houses provide baby slings.2. Car parking is free unless otherwise stated.3. Dogs: the Trust regrets that dogs are not allowed in Houses, Restaurants, Shops and Gardens (with the exception of guide dogs for the blind). In Parks dogs must be under proper control.4. Disabled visitors: many of the properties in this leaflet are accessible to visitors in wheelchairs, and are suitable for escorted visually handicapped visitors. Please check with the property before making a visit; special parking arrangements are often available.5. Parties of 15 or more visitors are welcome at reduced rates provided their visit is prearranged with the person responsible at each property.6. All houses are closed on Good Friday.For further information please contact the Regional Public Affairs Manager at Blickling. Norwich, NR 11 6 NF, telephone (0263) 733471.II. V ocabulary and Structure (30×0.5%=15%).21.When Tom insulted the referee, he _____ by ordering him off the field.A. repliedB. retortedC. resolvedD. responded22.Helen Keller’s _____ over deafness, blindness, and muteness was a miracle.A. improvementB. successC. advanceD. triumph23.International _____ should be reduced when this agreement is signed.A. pressureB. nervousnessC. tensionD. strain24.In spite of the heavy snow and hard rain, the buses still ran on _____.A. listB. planC. arrangementD. schedule25.Only a few people have _____ to the full facts of the case.A. approachB. admissionC. accessD. acquaintance26.Let me _____ the broken glass before someone walks on it.A. cover upB. clear upC. wash upD. spring up27.It is _____ of him to put everything in disorder in the room. He is so peculiar.A. unconsciousB. awareC. typicalD. unkind28.John was young, _____, he was equal to this important task.A. thereforeB. moreoverC. neverthelessD. hence29.Air is composed of _____ gases including hydrogen, oxygen and carbondioxide.A. variedB. variantC. variableD. various30.Y ou can’t let the situation get worse. Y ou must take _____.A. decisionsB. sidesC. directionsD. steps31.It’s difficult to _____ with the knowledge that he is a failure.A. feedB. liveC. stayD. get onlions of workers were on the streets in the greatest _____ of working classsolidarity this country has ever seen.A. demonstrationB. explanationC. presentationD. communication33.For many patients, institutional care is the most ______ and beneficial form ofcare.A. pertinentB. appropriateC. acuteD. persistent34.Among all the changes resulting from the ______ entry of women into thework force, the transformation that has occurred in the women themselves is not the least important.A. massiveB. quantitativeC. surplusD. formidable35.Mr. Smith became very ______ when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.A. ingeniousB. empiricalC. objectiveD. indignant36.Rumours are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and turning calmsituations into ______ ones.A. turbulentB. tragicC. vulnerableD. suspicious37.Fiber-optic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations ______.A. simultaneouslyB. spontaneouslyC. homogeneouslyD. contemporarily38.The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the ______.A. vainB. vicinityC. courtD. jail39.Whether you live to eat or eat to live, food is a major ______ in every family’s budget.A. nutritionB. expenditureC. routineD. provision40.Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from______ on earth rather than bacteria on Mars.A. configurationB. condemnationC. constitutionD. contamination41.My sister’s professor had her _____ her paper many times before allowing her topresent it to the committee.A. rewrittenB. to rewriteC. rewriteD. rewriting42.Scarcely had her husband arrived home _____ his wife started complaining.A. whenB. thatC. thanD. and43.A body weighs _____ from the surface of the Earth.A. less the farther it getsB. the farther it gets, the lessC. less than it gets fartherD. less than it, the farther it gets44.Y ou never told us why you were late for the last meeting, _____?A. weren’t youB. didn’t youC. had youD. did you45._____ it is you’ve found, you must give it back to the person it belongs to.A. ThatB. BecauseC. WhateverD. However46._____ for you help, we’d never have been able to get over the difficulties.A. Had it not beenB. If it were notC. Had it notD. if we had not been47._____ neglecting our education, my father sent my brother and me to asummer school.A. Accusing ofB. Accused ofC. That he was accused ofD. To be accused of48.The prisoner stood there _____.A. with his hands cuffedB. with his hands cuffingC. with his cuffed handsD. with his cuffing hands49.The leaders insisted on their _____ as ordinary people.A. treatingB. be treatedC. being treatedD. having treated50._____, I must do another experiment.A. Be it ever so lateB. It is ever so lateC. It be ever so lateD. So late it be everIII. Paraphrase the following sentences (5×2%=10%).51.Grandmother carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away.52.Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips andslides in conversation.53.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.54.I award this championship of ugliness to Westmoreland only after laboriousresearch and incessant prayer.55.Its habits are too uncouth for it to respond to humane treatment.IV. Rhetorical Devices (5×2%=10%).Requirements:Make one sentence or a group of sentences according to the following rhetorical devices.56.hyperbole 57.personification58.antithesis59.metonymy60.parallelismV. Translation.Section A. Please translate the following sentences into Chinese. (5×2%=10%)61.The child has no understanding of time or interval--sometimes the door opens, and aperson, or several people, are there.62.There was not one house that was not misshapen, and there was not one house that wasnot shabby.63.Look at Petey--a knothead, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know where his next meal iscoming from.64.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this task will light our country andall who serve it.65.As we listen to the arguments about bilingual education today, we ought to thinkourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant.Section B. Please translate the following passages into English. Y our translations would be marked for the words and structures of sentences. (2×5%=10%)66.库恩(Kuhn)一生译有长篇小说12部、中篇小说(novella)34部,更重要的是,其译作中的50部被转译为其他语言。

高级英语5期末考试试题

高级英语5期末考试试题

高级英语5期末考试试题### 高级英语5期末考试试题Section A: Reading Comprehension (阅读理解)Passage 1: The Impact of Technology on Modern EducationIn the era of digital transformation, technology has becomean integral part of our lives, and its influence on education is profound. This passage explores the various ways in which technology is reshaping the educational landscape, fromonline learning platforms to virtual classrooms, and the challenges and opportunities they present.Questions:1. What are the key benefits of integrating technology into education?2. How do online learning platforms differ from traditional classrooms?3. What are some of the challenges that educators face when adopting new technologies?Passage 2: Environmental Conservation and SustainablePracticesThe Earth's ecosystems are under threat from human activities, and it is crucial to adopt sustainable practices to ensurethe planet's health. This article discusses the importance ofenvironmental conservation, the role of individuals and communities, and the policies that governments can implement to promote sustainability.Questions:1. Why is environmental conservation essential for the survival of our planet?2. What are some practical steps individuals can take to live more sustainably?3. How can governments support and enforce sustainable practices?Section B: Vocabulary and Grammar (词汇与语法)Part 1: VocabularyChoose the most appropriate word to fill in the blanks in the following sentences.1. Despite the initial setbacks, the team showed great__________ to overcome the challenges.2. The scientist's __________ into the phenomenon led to a groundbreaking discovery.3. The company's __________ approach to marketing has resulted in increased sales.Part 2: GrammarIdentify the grammatical errors in the following sentences and provide the correct versions.1. She don't know how to operate the new software.2. The book, which I borrowed from the library, is very interesting.3. If I would have had more time, I could have finished the project.Section C: Writing (写作)Task 1: Essay Writing (议论文写作)Write an essay discussing the role of social media in contemporary society. Your essay should include an introduction, body paragraphs with supporting arguments, and a conclusion.Task 2: Letter Writing (书信写作)Write a letter to the editor of a local newspaper expressing your views on a recent event or issue in your community. Be sure to provide a clear and concise argument, and suggest possible solutions or actions.Section D: Listening Comprehension (听力理解)Part 1: Short ConversationsListen to the following short conversations and choose the best answer to the question that follows each conversation.1. What is the main topic of the conversation?2. What does the man suggest they should do?Part 2: Long ConversationsListen to the longer conversation and answer the questions that follow. You may need to infer the meaning from the context.1. Why is the woman upset?2. What is the man's opinion on the situation?Note: This is a sample exam paper. Actual questions may vary.![Sample Exam Paper Image](/sample-exam-paper.jpg)。

2020年上学期《高级英语(二)》期末考试试卷

2020年上学期《高级英语(二)》期末考试试卷

2020年上学期《高级英语(二)》期末考试试卷课程名称:1.(单选题)—Do you think the shirt really fits me? —_________. It goes well with your tie, too.(本题2.0分)A.Of course it doesB.Yes, it doesC.I am not sureD.Perhaps it does答案:A.解析:无.2.(单选题)—Have you got anything to do tomorrow? —________.(本题2.0分)A.Yes, a lot ofB.No, I won't be busyC.Certainly haveD.Oh, that's a pity答案:B.解析:无.3.(单选题)—Can I use your tape recorder for a while? —Yes,————.(本题2.0分)A.go aheadB.you can't broke itC.all rightD.no, sorry答案:A.解析:无.4.(单选题)—Do you want to have a message? —No, thanks. I_________ in half an hour.(本题2.0分)A.will call againB.can callC.may phone himD.would call5.(单选题)—My whole body feels weak and I've got a headache. —________?(本题2.0分)A.How long ago did you get it thisB.How long have you been like thisC.How soon have you got itD.How soon have you liked this6.(单选题)—I'm going camping this weekend. —________.(本题2.0分)A.Can you fish?B.Have a good timeC.No, I'm too busyD.Don't give up now7.(单选题)—Can I have some meat? —Certainly, just————.(本题2.0分)A.take it as you likeB.eat it as you pleaseC.help yourselfD.help yourself at home8.(单选题)—I can't see the words on the blackboard. —Perhaps you need _________.(本题2.0分)A.to examine your eyesB.to have your eyes examinedC.to have examined your eyesD.your eyes to be examined答案:B.解析:无.9.(单选题)—My stomach hurts. I feel sick. —For safety's sake,________.(本题2.0分)A.go to see a doctor tomorrowB.Better to go to hospitalC.you'd better see a doctor at onceD.Quick go to hospital答案:C.解析:无.10.(单选题)—I'll come back tomorrow evening at nine. Can you meet me at the airport? —_________.(本题2.0分)A.All rightB.All right. Nice to see youC.OK, wait for meD.All right. See you then答案:D.解析:无.11.(单选题)A small child has to learn to keep its _______ before he can walk far.(本题2.0分)A.borderB.blockC.baggageD.balance答案:D.解析:无.12.(单选题)It takes two weeks for Smith's left hand to get entirely _______.(本题2.0分)A.curedB.dedicatedC.healedD.mended13.(单选题)Staying in a hotel costs _______ renting a room in a dormitory for a week.(本题2.0分)A.as much twice asB.twice as much asC.as much as twiceD.twice more than14.(单选题)He was _______ the prize for being the fastest runner in this competition.(本题2.0分)A.rewardedB.awardedC.succeededD.won15.(单选题)Researchers cannot ______ the possibility that Earth may one day run out of its orbit.(本题2.0分)A.hand outB.drop outC.rule outD.keep out答案:C.解析:无.16.(单选题)I am interested in _______ you have told me.(本题2.0分)A.whichB.all thatC.all whatD.that17.(单选题)By the time the course ends, _______ a lot about the British way of life.(本题2.0分)A.we have learnedB.we'll learnC.we are learningD.we'll have learned18.(单选题)When _______ where he was born, John said that he was a New Yorker.(本题2.0分)A.askingB.being askedC.was askedD.asked答案:D.解析:无.19.(单选题)You may fly to Japan next Saturday, _______ you don't mind changing planes on the way.(本题2.0分)A.as far asB.unlessC.supposingD.provided答案:D.解析:无.20.(单选题)It is time we _______ computers to the production of iron and steel.(本题2.0分)A.will applyB.appliedC.have appliedD.would have applied21.(单选题)The small man wore a suit _______ large for him and therefore looked ridiculous.(本题2.0分)A.very muchB.too muchC.much tooD.very many答案:C.解析:无.22.(单选题)The audience was quite disappointed at the film because it wasn't such a good film ______ the advertisement had promisedthem.(本题2.0分)A.whichB.asC.thatD.like答案:B.解析:无.23.(单选题)The show _______ by the time we arrive at the theatre.(本题2.0分)A.has startedB.will startC.startsD.will have started答案:D.解析:无.24.(单选题)Dr. Smith, together with his wife, _______ to arrive in the evening flight.(本题2.0分)A.areB.are going toC.isD.will be答案:C.解析:无.25.(单选题)We should make our reservations as far _____ as possible to get the flight we want.(本题2.0分)A.in detailB.in advanceC.in realityD.in practice答案:B.解析:无.26.(单选题)It is only in the most difficult circumstances _______ a man's abilities are fully tested.(本题2.0分)A.in whichB.whereC.whenD.that答案:D.解析:无.27.(单选题)Nancy was so shy that she looked _____ when she was standing before the audience.(本题2.0分)A.frighteningB.embarrassedC.confusedD.discouraged答案:B.解析:无.28.(单选题)Tom _______ attended the meeting last night, but he didn't as he suddenly fell ill.(本题2.0分)A.should haveB.hadC.must haveD.could have答案:A.解析:无.29.(单选题)I don't like the desk because it takes _____ too much space.(本题2.0分)A.upB.inC.onD.away答案:A.解析:无.30.(单选题)At the beginning of this semester, our history professor _____ a list of books for us to read.(本题2.0分)A.made outB.fished outC.passed onD.handed in答案:A.解析:无.31.(问答题)直到深夜他才回到宿舍。

高级英语考试题及答案

高级英语考试题及答案

高级英语考试题及答案一、阅读理解(共20分,每题4分)1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The benefits of a healthy lifestyle.B) The importance of regular exercise.C) The impact of technology on health.D) The challenges of modern living.答案:A2. According to the author, which of the following is NOT a reason for adopting a healthy lifestyle?A) To improve mental well-being.B) To reduce the risk of chronic diseases.C) To increase work productivity.D) To gain social recognition.答案:D3. What does the author suggest as a way to maintain a healthy diet?A) Eating three meals a day.B) Consuming a variety of foods.C) Skipping breakfast.D) Relying on fast food.答案:B4. In the passage, what is the role of technology in promoting health?A) It helps to track health data.B) It replaces the need for physical activity.C) It encourages unhealthy eating habits.D) It limits access to healthcare services.答案:A5. What is the conclusion of the passage?A) A healthy lifestyle requires significant effort.B) Everyone should adopt a healthy lifestyle.C) Technology has a negative impact on health.D) Modern living is incompatible with a healthy lifestyle.答案:B二、完形填空(共15分,每题1.5分)In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle. Many people have started to pay more attention to their diet and exercise habits. However, adopting a healthy lifestyle is not always easy. It requires a certain level of discipline and commitment.6. Many people are aware that a balanced diet is essentialfor good health, but they often find it difficult to make the right __________.A) choicesB) mistakesC) decisionsD) changes答案:A7. Regular exercise is known to have numerous benefits, including reducing the risk of heart disease and improving mental health. It can also __________ weight gain.A) preventB) encourageC) promoteD) increase答案:A8. Despite the benefits, some individuals struggle to find the time or motivation to engage in physical activities. This can be due to a busy work schedule or a lack of __________.A) interestB) energyC) resourcesD) support答案:B9. Technology has played a significant role in promoting a healthy lifestyle. There are many apps and devices that can help individuals __________ their health goals.A) trackB) achieveC) setD) ignore答案:A10. A supportive community can be a great asset when trying to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Friends and family can provide encouragement and __________.A) motivationB) criticismC) adviceD) competition答案:A三、翻译(共25分,每题5分)11. 请将下列句子翻译成英文:“健康的生活方式对于预防慢性疾病至关重要。

高级英语(下)试卷A试题卷

高级英语(下)试卷A试题卷

xxxx学院学年学期英语专业级《高级英语(下)》试卷(A)(考试形式:闭卷)I. Sentence and Structure (20%)A. Paraphrase the following sentences. Use brief words. (10%)1. He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining.2. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.3. The few Americans seemed just as inhibited as I was.4. I thought somehow I had been spared.5. I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it.6. We shall be strengthened not weakened in determination and in resources.7. Now we are getting somewhere.8. The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly.9. In no area of American life is personal service so precious as in medical care.10. Well, that is California all over.B. Collocation: Choose the most appropriate expression to fill the blank. (10%)1. Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos ______ teenagers and women in western dress.a. rubbed the shoulder withb. rubbed shoulders withc. rubbed the shoulder withd. rubbed the shoulders with2. At last this intermezzo ______, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall.a. came to an endb. came to the endc. came to endd. came to ending3. The seller makes a point ______ protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him ______ all profit.a. of…fromb. from…ofc. of…ofd. from…from4. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers ______.a. follow suitb. take suitc. follow suitsd. take suits5. I suppose they will be ______ in hordes.a. gathered upb. collected upc. piled upd. rounded up6. Hitler was however wrong and we should ______ to help Russia.a. make all outb. make out allc. go all outd. go out all7. The Nazi regime is devoid ______ all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.a. fromb. ofc. outd. away8. In June 1941 Hitler suddenly ______ an attack on Russia. a. launched b. exerted c. developed d. created9. The custom-made object will be ______.a. in everyone’s reachb. within everyone’s reachc. in everyone’s touchd. within everyone’s touch10. The widest benefits of the electronic revolution will ______the young.a. accrue tob. accrue atc. accrue ford. accrue withII. Please identify the figures of speech used in the following underlined parts of the sentences. (10%)1 ( ) The din of the stall-holders crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing away for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.2( ) Was I not at the scene of the crime?3 ( ) I felt sick, and every since then they have been testing and treating me.4 ( ) I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a Britishwhipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.5 ( ) We will never parley, we will never negotiate...6 ( ) We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air,until, ...7 ( ) The latter-day Aladdin, still snugly abed, then presses a button on a bedside box andissues a string of business and personal memos, which appear instantly on the genie screen.8 ( ) Tom Sawyer’s endless summer of freedom and adventure.9 ( ) Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference betweenwhat people claim to be and what they really are.10 ( ) The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but formaking money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.III. Proofreading and Error Correction(10%)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.One of the strangest things about dispute over advertisingis that the greater the fuss the much of a mystery the industryitself seems to become. Advertising is a passionate area.It seems to affect those who attack it and those whodefend it in remarkable similar ways. Before long both are (1) ______exhibiting the same compulsive urge to overstate their case tothat it is difficult to believe that the critics and the defendersof advertising are even arguing for the same thing. But just (2) ______as it seemed sensible for us to regard advertising without go (3) ______to either extreme, so it also seemed logical to try and find ascold-bloodedly as if we could, what advertising in the Britain (4) ______of the sixties really was.We knew that they consumed around $950 million a (5) ______year, or roughly 2 percent of the national income. We knewthat it employed something over 200,000 individuals, themajority of which were paid salaries considerably above the (6) ______national average. And we knew that it was supposedly run inaccordance certain rather vague and often complex rules and (7) ______professional orders.Therefore once we tried finding out exactly what all this (8) ______money went on, what these highly paid individuals did for it(and with it), and how the rules and orders influenced them,a curious thing happened. This strange animal called advertising,so disliked by its supporters and so beloved by its (9) ______defenders, began to disappear. In its place were advertisingmen and advertising agencies—all working in different waysand to different rules and all showed quite startling differences (10) ______of competence, taste and effectiveness.IV. Reading Comprehension (30%)A. Multiple Choice (10%)Passage 1INK-STAINED RICHES:Mencken, the Daddy of Bad-Boy PunditryIn his essay on H.L. Mencken entitled “Saving a Whale,” journalist Murray Kempton points out that “whales are the only mammals that the museums have never managed to stuff and mount in their original skins.” To Kempton, Mencken is a very great whale who, almost 40 years aft er his death, still defies critical taxonomy. That is putting it politely. Mencken in death provokes as much vitriol as he did while living. He has been called a racist, a humanitarian, an arch conservative and a great liberal, and the thorny fact is, he was all those things. Nobody knows what to make of a man who turned his diary into a manure pile of anti-Semitism at the same time he was working diligently to get Jews out of Hitler’s Germany.Biographers have been struggling to take Mencken’s measure since the 1920s. Fred Hobson’s Mencken...is the latest and best attempt. Hobson is the first of Mencken’s biographers to use all the posthumously published diaries, where the “Sage of Baltimore” vented his most odious bigotries and where he most clearly revealed the alienation and loneliness at the heart of his personality. Hobson does not try to resolve the contradictions in Mencken’s personality. Instead, he wisely uses this new material to portray Mencken as a man forever in conflict with himself, the carefree cutup coexisting with the control freak, the comic with the tragedian. Eventually—at least a decade before the 1948 stroke that robbed him of the ability to read or write—Mencken’s darker angels took charge of his soul. In 1942, he wrote, “I have spent all of my 62 years here, but I still find it impossible to fit myself into the accepted patterns of American life and thought. After all these years, I remain a foreigner.”But as Hobson points out, the darkness was there all along, and the miracle is that out of this almost paralyzing bleakness, Mencken was once able to spin exuberant, lacerating prose that is as funny as it is essentially serious. At the peak of his powers, in the ‘20s and early ‘30s, he slaughtered every sacred cow in sight, from Prohibition to fundamentalism. But as hard as he could be on hillbillies and Klansmen, he was even harder on professors: “Of a thousand head of such dull drudges not ten, with their doctors’ dissertations behind them, ever contribute so much as a flyspeck to th e sum of human knowledge.” Coining phrases like “the Bible belt” and aphorisms like “Democracy is the theory that the common people know what they want, and deserve to get it good and hard,” Mencken left his indecorous fingerprints all over American though t and speech.As a newspaper columnist, a magazine editor and a book writer, Mencken radically broadened the scope and raised the standards of American journalism. But most important, he proved that an intellectual could thrive in the popular press....M any have imitated Mencken’s style....But the sad fact is, Mencken’s disciples are not Mencken. Flaws and all, he was inimitable. As Hobson says, “He was our nay-saying Whitman, and...he sounded his own barbaric yap over the roofs of the timid and the fea rful, the contented and the smug.” With his cheap cigars and his hick’s haircut, and with his gaudy, orotund prose, he looks and sounds like an old-fashioned vaudevillian.... As nice as it would be to stick this curmudgeonly, politically incorrect relic on a back shelf and forget about him, we need his rancor too much. Better than anyone, he still instructs us on the value of the loyal opposition. At his best, he made his readers think and he kept them honest. No journalist could want a better epitaph.1. Kempton thinks that Mencken was[A] a huge man. [B] beyond reproach. [C] larger than life. [D] hard to classify.2. Hobson’s biography is atypical of previous books abut Mencken because it[A] sues samples of Mencken’s prose.[B] creates a one-sided portrait.[C] glosses over inconsistencies. [D] uses material Mencken never published.3. Mencken is probably best characterized as a/an[A] optimist. [B] pessimist. [C] enthusiast. [D] defeatist.4. According to the author of the passage, Mencken’s prose is[A] pedantic. [B] prosaic. [C] pungent. [D] poetic.5. The reviewer believes that Mencken’s work should be appreciated because[A] it has historic value.[B] it reminds Americans of the importance of dissent.[C] Mencken was an excellent reporter.[D] Mencken cannot be copied.Passage 2THE DEA TH OF A SPOUSEFor much of the world, the death of Richard Nixon was the end of a complex public life. But researchers who study bereavement wondered if it didn’t also signify the end of a private grief. Had the former president merely run his allotted fourscore and one, or had he fallen victim to a pattern that seems to afflict longtime married couples: one spouse quickly following the other to the grave?Pat, Nixon’s wife of 53 years, died last June after a long illness. No one knows for sure whether her death contributed to his. After all, he was elderly and had a history of serious heart disease. Researchers have long observed that the death of a spouse particularly a wife is sometimes followed by the untimely death of the grieving survivor. Historian Will Durant died 13 days after his wife and collaborator, Ariel; Bickminster Fuller and his wife died just 36 hours apart. Is this more than coincidence?“Part of the story, I suspect, is that we men are so used to ladies feeding us and taking care of us,” says Knud Helsing, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, “that when we lose a wife we go to pieces. We don’t know how to take care of ourselves.” In one of several studies Helsing has conducted on bereavement, he found that widowed men had higher mortality rates than married men in every age group. But, he found that widowers who remarried enjoyed the same lower mortality rate as men who’d never been widowed.Women’s health and res ilience may also suffer after the loss of a spouse. In a 1987 study of widows, researchers form the University of California, Los Angeles, and UC, San Diego, found that they had a dramatic decline in levels of important immune-system cells that fight off disease. Earlier studies showed reduced immunity in widowers.For both men and women, the stress of losing a spouse can have a profound effect. “All sorts of potentially harmful medical problems can be worsened,” says Gerald Davison, professor of psycholog y at the University of Southern California. People with high blood pressure, for example, may see it rise. In Nixon’s case, Davison speculates, “the stroke, although not caused directly by the stress, was probably hastened by it.” Depression can affect the surviving spouse’s will to live; suicide rates are elevated in the bereaved, along with accidents not involving cars.Involvement in life helps prolong it. Mortality, says Duke University psychiatrist Daniel Balzer, is higher in older people without a good social-support system, who don’t feel they’re part of a group or a family, that they “fit in” somewhere. And that’s a common problem for men, who tend not to have as many close friendships as women. The sudden absence of routines can also be a health ha zard, says Blazer. “A person who loses a spouse shows deterioration in normal habits like sleeping and eating,” he says. “They don’t have that other person to orient them, like when do you go to bed, when do you wake up, when do you eat, when do you take your medication, when do you go out to take a walk? Y our pattern is no longer locked into someone else’s pattern, so it deteriorates.”While earlier studies suggested that the first six months to a year—or even the first week—were times of higher mortality for the bereaved, some newer studies find no special vulnerability in this initial period. Most men and women, of course do not die as a result of the loss of a spouse. And there are ways to improve the odds. A strong sense of separate identity and lack of over-dependency during the marriage are helpful. Adult sons and daughters, siblings and friends need to pay special attention to a newly widowed parent. They can make sure that he or she is socializing, getting proper nutrition and medical care, expressing emotion and, above all, feeling needed and appreciated.6. According to researchers, Richard Nixon’s death was[A] caused by his heart problems. [B] indirectly linked to his wife’s death.[C] the inevitable result of old age. [D] an unexplainable accident.7. The research reviewed in the passage suggests that[A] remarried men live healthier lives. [B] unmarried men have the longest life spans.[C] widowers have the shortest life spans. [D] widows are unaffected by their mates’ death.8. One of the results of grief mentioned in the article is[A] loss of friendships. [B] diminished socializing.[C] vulnerability to disease. [D] loss of appetite.9. The passage states that while married couples can prepare for grieving by[A] being self-reliant. [B] evading intimacy.[C] developing habits. [D] avoiding independence.10. Helsing speculates that husbands suffer from the death of a spouse because they are[A] unprepared for independence. [B] incapable of cooking.[C] unwilling to talk. [D] dissatisfied with themselves.B. Read the following passage and answer the questions. Your answers should be given in English. Be brief and straight to the point. (20%)The Penalty of DeathH. L. MenckenOf the arguments against capital punishment that issue from uplifters, two are commonly heard most often, to wit:1. That hanging a man (or frying him or gassing him) is a dreadful business, degrading to those who have to do it and revolting to those who have to witness it.2. That it is useless, for it does not deter others from the same crime.The first of these arguments, it seems to me, is plainly too weak to need serious refutation. All it says, in brief, is that the work of the hangman is unpleasant. Granted. But suppose it is? It may be quite necessary to society for all that. There are, indeed, many other jobs that are unpleasant, and yet no one thinks of abolishing them---that of the plumber, that of the soldier, that of the garbage man, that of the priest hearing confessions, that of the sand-hog, and so on. Moreover, what evidence is there that anyactual hangman complains of his work? I have heard none. On the contrary, I have known many who delighted in their ancient art, and practiced it proudly.In the second argument of the abolitionists there is rather more force, but even here, I believe, the ground under them is shaky. Their fundamental error consists in assuming that the whole aim of punishing criminals is to deter other (potential) criminal ---that we hang or electrocute A simply in order to so alarm B that he will not kill C. This, I believe, is an assumption which confuses a part with the whole. Deterrence, obviously, is one of the aims of punishment, but it is surely not the only one. On the contrary, there are at least a half dozen, and some are probably quite as important. At least one of them, practically considered, is more important. Commonly, it is described as revenge, but revenge is really not the word for it. I borrow a better term from the late Aristotle: katharsis. Katharsis, so used, means a salubrious discharge of emotions, a healthy letting off of steam. A school-boy, disliking his teacher, deposits a tack upon the pedagogical chair; the teacher jumps and the boy laughs. This is katharsis. What I contend is that one of the prime objects of all judicial punishments is to afford the same grateful relief (a) to the immediate victims of the criminal punished, and (b) to the general body of moral and timorous men.These persons, and particularly the first group, are concerned only indirectly with deterring other criminals. The thing they crave primarily is the satisfaction of seeing the criminal actually before them suffer as he made them suffer. What they want is the peace of mind that goes with the feeling that accounts are squared. Until they get that satisfaction they are in a state of emotional tension, and hence unhappy. The instant they get it they are comfortable. I do not argue that this yearning is noble; I simply argue that it is almost universal among human beings. In the face of injuries that are unimportant and can be borne without damage it may yield to higher impulses; that is to say, it may yield to what is called Christian charity. But when the injury is serious Christianity is adjourned, and even saints reach for their side-arms. It is plainly asking too much of human nature to expect it to conquer so natural an impulse. A keeps s store and has a bookkeeper, B. B steals $700, employs it is playing at dice or bingo, and is cleaned out. What is A to do? Let B go? If he does so he will be unable to sleep at night. The sense of injury, of injustice, of frustration will haunt him like pruritus. So he turns B over to the police, and they hustle B to prison. Thereafter A can sleep. More, he has pleasant dreams. He pictures B chained to the wall of a dungeon a hundred feet underground, devoured by rats and scorpions. It is so agreeable that it makes him forget his $700. He has got his katharsis.The same thing precisely takes place on a larger scale when there is a crime which destroys a whole community’s sense of security. Every law-abiding citizen feels menaced and frustrated until the criminals have been struck down---until the communal capacity to get even with them, and more than even, has been dramatically demonstrated. Here, manifestly, the business of deterring others is no more than an afterthought. The main thing is to destroy the concrete scoundrels whose act has alarmed everyone, and thus make everyone unhappy. Until they are brought to book that unhappiness continues; when the law has been executed upon them there is a sigh of relief. In other words, there is katharsis.I know of no public demand for the death penalty for ordinary crimes, even for ordinary homicides. Its infliction would shock all men of normal decency of feeling. But for crimes involving the deliberate and inexcusable taking of human life, by men openly defiant of all civilized order---for such crimes it seems to nine men out of ten, a just and proper punishment. Any lesser penalty leaves them feeling that the criminal has got the better of society---that he is free to add insult to injury by laughing. That feeling can be dissipated only by a recourse to katharsis, the invention of the aforesaid Aristotle. It is more effectively and economically achieved, as human nature now is, by wafting the criminal to realms of bliss.The real objection to capital punishment doesn’t lie against the actual extermination of the condemned, but against our brutal American habit of putting it off so long. After all, every one of us must die soon or late, and a murderer, it must be assumed, is one who makes that sad fact the cornerstone of his metaphysic. But it is one thing to die, and quite another thing to lie for long months and even years under the shadow of death. No sane man would choose such a finish. All of us, despite the Prayer Book, long for a swift and unexpected end. Unhappily, a murderer, under the irrational American system, is tortured for what, to him, must seem a whole series of eternities. For months on end he sits in prison while his lawyers carry on their idiotic buffoonery with writs, injunctions, mandamuses, and appeals. In order to get his money (or that of his friends) they have to feed him with hope. Now and then, by the imbecility of a judge or some trick of juristic science, they actually justify it. But let us say that, his money all gone, they finally throw up their hands. Their client is now ready for the rope or the chair. But he must still wait for months before it fetches him.That wait, I believe, is horribly cruel. I have seen more than one man sitting in the death house, and I don’t want to see any more. Worse, it is wholly useless. Why should he wait at all? Why not hang him the day after the last court dissipates his last hope? Why torture him as not even cannibals would torture their victims? The common answer is that he must have time to make his peace with God. But how long does that take? It may be accomplished, I believe, in two hours quite as comfortably as in two years. There are, indeed, no temporal limitations upon God. He could forgive a whole herd of murderers in a millionth of a second. More, it has been done.1. What is the author’s point in this essay? Sum up the author’s argument in 50 words. (4%)2. How does the author put forward his argument? What does he do before he proposes his own idea about the death penalty? (4%)3. What method does the author use to refute the first argument proposed by the uplifters, that the death penalty should be abolished because it is unpleasant? How do you characterize the supporting details the author provides throughout the essay? (4%)4. What is the author’s real objection to the death penalty? Sum up his description of how the death penalty is carried out currently within 50 words. (4%)5. Does the author expect his audience to agree with him? Where in the essay does he indicate his audience may disagree? (4%)V. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15%)The bird, however hard the frost may be, flies briskly to his customary roosting-place, and, with beak tucked into his wing, falls asleep. He has no apprehensions; only the hot blood grows colder and colder, the pulse feebler as he sleeps, and at midnight, or in the early morning, he drops from hisperch—dead.Yesterday he lived and moved, responsive to a thousand external influences, reflecting earth and sky in his small brilliant brain as in a looking-glass; also he had a various language, the inherited knowledge of his race, and the faculty of flight, by means of which he could shoot, meteor-like, across the sky, and pass swiftly from place to place; and with it he was able to drop himself plumb down from the tallest tree-lop, or out of the void air, on to a slender spray, and scarcely cause its leaves to tremble.Now, on this morning, he lies stiff and motionless; so easy and swift is the passage from life to death in wild nature! But he was never miserable.VI. Translate the following passage into English. (15%)我一直以为大学校长是高瞻远瞩、指导学术与教育大方向的决策人,而不是管馒头稀饭的保姆,但这也暂且不提。

高级英语(下)期末复习试题11套含答案(大学期末复习资料)

高级英语(下)期末复习试题11套含答案(大学期末复习资料)

17. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebearsprescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.18. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at oddsand split asunder.19. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the oceandepths and encourage the arts and commerce.20. I deposited her at the girls’dormitory, where she assured me that she had had aperfectly terrif evening, and I went glumly to my room.21. I hid my exasperation. “Polly, it’s a fallacy. The generalization is reached too hastily.There are too few instances to support such a conclusion.”22. She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt sure that time would supply the lack.undermined an article of faith: the thingliness of things.25. Barring the catastrophe of nuclear war, it will continue to shape both modern cultureand the consciousness of those who inhabit that culture.26. The craftsman is thus able to learn from his work; and to use and develop hiscapacities and skills in its prosecution.27. Work has become alienated from the working person.28. Most investigations in the field of industrial psychology are concerned with thequestion of how the productivity of the individual worker can be increased, and how he can be made to work with less friction.29. But no; what most excites Europeans is the city’s charged, nervous atmosphere, itsvulgar dynamism.30. It is about constant battles for subway seats, for a cabdriver’s or a clerk’s or awaiter’s attention, fo r a foothold, a chance, a better address, a larger billing.III. Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. TEXT AThirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling abo ut one’s fellow man?“Not so,” say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to probe the reasons why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency.Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side-walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma from diabetes? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk?Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steampi pes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced witha real emergency.Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the person won’t get the help he needs.The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be “tested”. Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist started them o ff on the “tests”. Then she went into the next room. A curtain divided the “testing room” and the room into which she went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of file cabinets falling and a cry for help. All of this had been pre-recorded on a tape-recorder.Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn’t. They do not feel any direct responsibility.Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that the people were emotional. They sweated. They had trembling hands. They felt the other person’s trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.31. The purpose of this passage is___________.A. to explain why people fail to act in emergenciesB. to explain when people will act in emergenciesC. to explain what people will do in emergenciesD. to explain how people feel in emergencies32. Which of the following is NOT true?A. When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.B. When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they are worth hishelp.C. A person must take the full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies ifhe wants to help.D. A person with a heart attack needs the most.33. The researchers have conducted an experiment to prove that people will act inemergencies when_______________.A. they are in pairsB. they are in groupsC. they are aloneD. they are with their friends34. The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that___________.A. they are afraid of emergenciesB. they are reluctant to get themselves involvedC. others will act if they themselves hesitateD. they do not have any direct responsibility for those who need help35. The author suggests that____________.A. we shouldn’t blame a person if he fails to act in emergenciesB. a person must feel guilty if he fails to helpC. people should be responsible for themselves in emergenciesD. when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway TEXT BTo Err Is Humanby Lewis ThomasEveryone must have had at least one personal experience with a computer error by this time. Bank balances are suddenly reported to have jumped from $379 into the millions, appeals for charitable contributions are mailed over and over to people with crazy sounding names at your address, department stores send the wrong bills, utility companies write that they’re turning everything off, that sort of thing. If you manage to get in touch with someone and complain, you then get instantaneously typed, guilty letters from the same computer, saying, “Our computer was in error, and an adjustment is being made in your account.”These are supposed to be the sheerest, blindest accidents. Mistakes are not believed to be the normal behavior of a good machine. If things go wrong, it must be a personal, human error, the result of fingering, tampering a button getting stuck, someone hitting the wrong key. The computer, at its normal best, is infallible.I wonder whether this can be true. After all, the whole point of computers is that they represent an extension of the human brain, vastly improved upon but nonetheless human, superhuman maybe. A good computer can think clearly and quickly enough to beat you at chess, and some of them have even been programmed to write obscure verse. They can do anything we can do, and more besides.It is not yet known whether a computer has its own consciousness, and it would be hard to find out about this. When you walk into one of those great halls now built for the huge machines, and standing listening, it is easy to imagine that the faint, distant noises are the sound of thinking, and the turning of the spools gives them the look of wild creatures rolling their eyes in the effort to concentrate, choking with information. But real thinking, and dreaming, are other matters. On the other hand, the evidence of something like an unconscious, equivalent to ours, are all around, in every mail. As extensions of the human brain, they have been constructed the same property of error, spontaneous, uncontrolled, and rich in possibilities.36. The title of the writing “To Err Is Human” implies that ____________.A. making mistakes is confined only to human beings.B. every human being cannot avoid making mistakes.C. all human beings are always making mistakes.D. every human being is born to make bad mistakes.37. The first paragraph implies that _____________.A. computer errors are so obvious that one can hardly prevent them from happening.B. a computer is so capable of making errors that none of them is avoidable.C. computers make such errors as miscalculation and inaccurate reporting.D. computers can’t think so their errors are natural and unavoidable.38. The author uses his hypothesis that “computers represent an extension of the human brain” in order to indicate that ____________.A. human beings are not infallible, nor are computers.B. computers are bound to make as many errors as human beings.C. errors made by computers can be avoided the same as human mistakes can beavoided.D. computers are made by human beings and so are their errors.39. The rhetoric the author employed in writing the third paragraph, especially thesentence “A good computer can think clearly and quickl y enough to beat you at chess...” is usually referred to in writing as ______________.A. simile.B. personification.C. hyperbole.D. metaphor.40. The author compared the faint and distant sound of the computer to the sound ofthinking and regarded it as the product of _____________.A. dreaming and thinking.B. some property of errors.C. consciousness.D. possibilities.TEXT CI cry easily. I once burst into tears when the curtain came down on the Kirov Ballet’s “Swan Lake”.I still choke up every time I see a film of Roger Bannister breaking the “impossible” four-minute mark for the mile. I figure I am moved by witnessing men and women at their best. But they need not be great men and women, doing great things.I remember the night, some years ago, when my wife and I were going to dinner ata friend’s house in New York city. It was sleeting. As we hurried toward the house, with its welcoming light, I noticed a car pulling out from the curb. Just ahead, another car was waiting to back into the parking space—a rare commodity in crowded Manhattan. But before he could do so another car came up from behind, and sneaked into the spot. That’s dirty pool, I thought.While my wife went ahead into our friend’s house, 1 stepped into the street to give the guilty driver a piece of my mind. A man in work clothes rolled down the window.“Hey,” I said, “this parking space belongs to that guy,” I gestured toward the man ahead, who was looking back angrily. I thought I was being a good Samaritan, I guess--and I remember that the moment I was feeling pretty manly in my new trench coat.“Mind your own business!” the driver told me.“No,” I said. “You don’t understand. That fellow was waiting to back into this space.”Things quickly heated up, until finally he leaped out of the car. My God, he was colossal. He grabbed me and bent me back over the hood of his car as if I was a rag doll. The sleet stung my face. I glanced at the other driver, looking for help, but he gunned his engine and hightailed it out of there.The huge man shook his rock of a fist of me, brushing my lip and cutting the inside of my mouth against my teeth. I tasted blood. I was terrified. He snarled and threatened, and then told me to beat it.Almost in a panic, I scrambled to my friend’s front door. As a former Marine, as a man, I felt utterly humiliated. Seeing that I was shaken, my wife and friends asked me what had happened. All I could bring myself to say was that I had had an argument about a parking space. They had the sensitivity to let it go at that.I sat stunned. Perhaps half an hour later, the doorbell rang. My blood ran cold. For some reason I was sure that the bruiser had returned for me. My hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped her. I felt morally bound to answer it myself.I walked down the hallway with dread. Yet 1 knew I had to face up to my fear. I opened the door. There he stood, towering. Behind him, the sleet came down harder than ever.“I came back to apologize,” he said in a low voice. “When I got home, I said to myself, ‘what right do I have to do that?’ I’m ashamed of myself. All I can tell you is that the Brooklyn Navy Yard is closing. I’ve worked there for years. And today I got laid off. I’m not myself. I hope you’ll accept my apology.”I often remember that big man. 1 think of the effort and courage it took for him to come back to apologize. He was man at last.And I remember that after I closed the door, my eyes blurred, as I stood in the hallway for a few moments alone.41. On what occasion is the author likely to be moved?A. A young person cheated of the best things in life.B. A genius athlete breaks a world record.C. A little girl suffers from an incurable disease.D. When the curtain comes down on a touching play.42. What does “dirty pool” a t the end of the second paragraph mean?A. Improper deed.B. Bribery.C. Unclean place.D. Dirty transaction.43. Why didn’t the writer’s wife and friends ask him what had really happened to him?A. They sensed that something terrible happened, th ey didn’t dare to ask.B. They were afraid that the writer might lose face if they asked.C. They’d like to let it be for it was not their business.D. They tried to calm the writer in this way.TEXT DIn a reaction against a too-rigid, over-refined classical curriculum, some educational philosophers have swung sharply to an espousal of “life experience” as the sole source of learning. Using their narrow interpretation of John Dewey’s theories as a base for support, they conclude that only through “doing”can learning take place. Spouting such phrases as “Teach the child, not the subject,” they demand, without sensing its absurdity, an end to rigorous study as a means of opening the way to learning. While not all adherents to this approach would totally eliminate a study of great books, the influence of this philosophy has been felt in the public school curricula, as evidenced by the gradual subordination of great literature.What is the purpose of literature? Why read, if life alone is to be our teacher? James Joyce states that the artist reveals the human situation by re-creating life out of life. Aristotle states that art presents universal truths because its form is taken from nature. Thus, consciously or otherwise, the great writer reveals the human situation most tellingly, extending our understanding of ourselves and our world.We can soar with the writer to the heights of man’s aspirations, or plummeting w ithhim to tragic despair. The works of Steinbeck, Anderson, and Salinger; the poetry of Whitman, Sandburg, and Frost; the plays of Ibsen, Miller, and O’Neill; all present starkly realistic portrayals of life’s problems. Reality? Yes! But how much wider is the understanding we gain than that attained by viewing life through the keyhole of our single existence.Can we measure the richness gained by the young reader venturing down the Mississippi with Tom and Huck, or cheering Ivanhoe as he battles the Black Knight; the deepening understanding of the mature reader of the tragic South of William Faulkner and Tennessee Williams, of the awesome determination and frailty of Patrick White’s Australian pioneers?This function of literature, the enlarging of our own life sphere, is of itself of major importance. Additionally, however, it has been suggested that solutions of social problems maybe suggested in the study of literature. The overweening ambitions of political leaders--and their sneering contempt for the law--did not appear for the first time in the writings of Bernstein and Woodward; the problems, and the consequent actions, of the guilt ridden did not await the appearance of the bearded psychoanalyst of the twentieth century.Federal Judge Learned Hand has written, “I venture to believe that it is as important to a judge called upon to pass on a question of constitutional law, to have at least a bowing acquaintance with Thucydides, Gibbon, and Carlyle, with Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, and Milton, with Montaigne and Rabelais, with Plato, Bacon, Hume, and Kant, as with the books which have been specifically written on the subject. For in such matters everything turns upon the spirit in which he approaches the questions before him.”But what of our dissenters? Can we overcome the disapproval of their “life experience classroom” theory of learning? We must s tart with the field of agreement--that education should serve to improve the individual and society. We must educate them to the understanding that the voice of human experience should stretch our human faculties, and open us to learning. We must convince them--in their own personal language perhaps--of the “togetherness” of life and art; we must prove to them that far from being separate, literature is that part of life which illuminates life.44. According to the passage, the end goal of great literature is ____________.A. the recounting of dramatic and exciting stories, and the creation of charactersB. to create anew a synthesis of life that illuminates the human conditionC. the teaching of morality and ethical behaviorD. to portray life’s problem45. In the author’s opinion, as seen in this passage, one outcome of the influence of the “life experience” adherents has been ______.A. the gradual subordination of the study of great literature in the schoolsB. a narrowed interpretation of the theories of John DeweyC. a sharp swing over to “learning through doing”D. an end to rigorous study as a way of learning46. As the author sees it, one of the most important gains from the study of great literature is _____________.A. enrichment of our understanding of the pastB. broadening of our approaches to social problemsC. that it gives us a bowing acquaintance with great figures of the pastD. that it provides us with vicarious experiences which provide a much broaderexperience than we can get from experiences of simply our own lives alone47. The author’s purpose in this passage is to ______.A. list those writers who make up the backbone of a great literature curriculumB. compare the young reader’s experience with literature to that of the maturereadersC. plead for the retention of great literature as a fundamental part of the curriculumD. advocate the adoption of the “life experience” approach to teachingTEXT EI will now teach, offering my way of life to whomsoever desires to commit suicide by the scheme which has enabled me to beat the doctor and the hangman for seventy years. Some of the details may sound untrue, but they are not. I am not here to deceive; I am here to teach.We have no permanent habits until we are forty. Then they begin to harden, presently they petrify, then business begins. Since forty I have been regular about going to bed and getting up and that is one of the main things. I have made it a rule to go to bed when I had to. This has resulted in an unswerving regularity of irregularity. It has saved me sound, but it would injure another person.In the matter of diet—which is another main thing—I have been persistently strict in sticking to the things which didn’t agree with me until one or the other of us got the best of it. Until lately I got the best of it myself. But last spring I stopped frolicking with mince pie after midnight, up to then I had always believed I wasn’t loaded. For thirty years I have taken coffee and bread at eight in the morning, and no bite nor sup until seven-thirty in the evening. Eleven hours. That is all right for me, and is wholesome, because I have never had a headache in my life, but headachy people would not reach seventy comfortably by that road, and they would be foolish to try it. And I wish to urge upon you this—which I think is wisdom—that if you find you can’t make seventy by any but an uncomfortable road, don’t you go. When they take off the Pullman and retire you to the rancid smoker, put on your things, count your checks and get out at the first way station where there’s a cemetery.I have made it a rule never to smoke more than one cigar at a time. I have no other restriction as regards smoking. I do not know just when I began to smoke; I only know that it was in my father’s lifetime, and that I was discreet. He passed from his life early in 1847, when I was a shade past eleven; ever since then I have smoked publicly. As an example to others, and not that I care for moderation myself, it has always been my rule never to smoke when asleep, and never to refrain when awake. It is a good rule, I mean, for me; but some of you know quite well that it wouldn’t answer for everybody that’s trying to get to be seventy.I smoke in bed until I have to go to sleep; I wake up in the night, sometimes once, sometimes twice, sometimes three times, and I never waste any of these opportunities to smoke. This habit is so old and dear and precious to me that I would feel as you, sir,would feel if you should lose the only moral you’ve got--meaning the chairman--if you’ve got one; I am making no charges. I will grant, here, that I have stopped smoking now and then, for a few months at a time, but it was not on principle, it was only to show off; it was to pulverize those critics who said I was a slave to my habits and couldn’t break my bonds.48. The best title for this passage would be__________.A. How to Get to SeventyB. How to Tell a Funny StoryC. Smoking and AgingD. My Funny Life49. In Para. 4, the author portrays himself as__________.A. a heavy smokerB. an austere personC. a rule followerD. a forgetful person50. Although the author says “I am here to teach,” his purpose is really____________.A. to deceiveB. to jokeC. to persuadeD. to smokeIV. Proofreading & Error Correction (10%)Proofread and correct the given passage on ANSWER SHEET as instructed.V. EC Translation (10%)Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.On any person who desires such queer prizes, New York will bestow the gift of loneliness and the gift of privacy. It is this largess that accounts for the presence within the city’s walls of a considerable section of the population; for the residents of Manhattan are to a large extent strangers who have pulled up stakes somewhere and come to town, seeking sanctuary of fulfillment or some greater or lesser grail. The capacity to make such dubious gifts is a mysterious quality of New York. It can destroy an individual, or it can fulfill him, depending a good deal on luck. No one should come to New York to live unless he is willing to be lucky.VI. CE Translation (10%)Directions: Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.大多数英国酒吧都没有酒保,你得到吧台去买酒。

高级英语(上)试卷A试题含答案

高级英语(上)试卷A试题含答案

绍兴文理学院元培学院学年学期英语专业级《高级英语(上)》试卷(A)(考试形式:闭卷)I. Vocabulary Selection (15%)In this part, there are 15 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer.1.Due to the fact that universities can not enroll all the candidates, ______ to university is competitive.A.admission B.affidavit C.admiration D.allegiance2.The World Cup has been the ______ of this month's events; a large number of soccer fans around the world focus their attention on the little “ball”.A.twilight B.realms C.highlights D.headlines3.They ______ to hear that their football team won a great victory over the opponent team.A.relieved B.released C.rejoiced D.rescued4.Each individual expresses his opinion in the group by where he stands when a lot of people ______ together in a chat.A.squeeze B.stick C.pad D.cluster5.When she called me a thief, I decided to sue her for ______ .A.ridicule B.scandal C.slander D.encumber6.George W. Bush said Saddam Hussein is ______ and must be disarmed immediately.A.pugnacious B.proverbial C.magnanimous D.malleable7.They tell the people in their community not to store apples in the refrigerator because fresh fruit like apples is ______ .A.perishable B.vanishing C.exquisite D.fickle8.The spokesman said he believed the attack was in ______ for the death of the bombing.A.requital B.rhetoric C.retrospect D.retaliation9.The President is certain to know the result of this vote as a (n) ______ for further economic decision-making.A.mandate B.aviation C.pretext D.rampage10.The villagers were ______ by the news of the criminal's release from the prison.A.indignant B.puzzled C.overjoyed D.elusive11.If it goes on to ______ its responsibilities, then the British government must act immediately in its place.A.discipline B.abdicate C.bash D.challenge12.The sentry guard dived into his ______ and closely observed the stranger towards him.A.fortress B.exodus C.foxhole D.eviction 13.An overwhelming richness of vegetation may have caused the level of oxygen, to rise above today's ______, with a corresponding depletion of carbon dioxide.A.concentration B.saturation C.satiation D.plenitude14.The psychology therapist's job is to help people "re-author" stories that aren't doing them ______ .A. justB. justiceC. justiceshipsD. justification15.The dream quickly gave way to a cold number: the house they wanted ______ $52,000 more than their budget.A.cost B.took C.spent D.requiredII. Paraphrase (20%)Directions: Explain in English the meaning of the underlined words or expressions in each sentence.1. Many girls’ interests turn to marriage or stereotypically female jobs.2. When students participate in classroom discussion, they hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes enhance learning.3. Boys are more assertive in grabbing their attention-a classic case of the squeaky wheel getting the educational oil.4. They give no sign that the possibility of an alternative ever suggests itself to their mind.5. The tiger is said to have emerged, but presently crept back again, as if too much bewildered by his new responsibilities.6. It alone prevents the hardest and the most repulsive walks of life from being deserted by those brought up to tread therein.7. It is not surprising that they need some stimulus to use the foreign language for natural purposes.8. The relationship is a formal and formalized one for which conventionalities suffice.9. This confident attitude is very fragile and can be stifled quite early.10. He supposed that nobody could ever countenance waging war again.11. In such a perverse state of affairs, affairs of state tend to undergo some rather bizarre reversals.12. An author is evading his responsibilities, if he is not intelligible.13. I suggest in return that this attitude betrays either laziness or affectation. It is the abdication of authorship.14. He is not fetching up thoughts that lie too deep for tears.15. Power, travel, external security, free time, and other blessings are potentially available to the affluent.16. Religious groups and those who elevate the status of poverty as they equate money with evil exhort us to live simply.17. Psychologists generally agree that they set the stage for schizophrenia.18. He had rushed them along to secure such openings about the deck as had not been already battened down earlier in the evening.19. Such is the prestige, the privilege, and the burden of command.20. It unveiled the black figures of men caught on the bridge, heads forward, as if petrified in the act of butting.III. Proofreading and Error Correction(10%)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.The term “formal learning” is used in this paper to refer to all learningwhich takes place in the classroom, without regard to such learning is (1)______ performed by conservative or progressive ideologies. “In formal learning”,on the other hand, is used to referring to learning which takes place outside (2)______the classroom.These definitions provide the essential, though by all means sole, (3)______ difference between the two modes of learning. Formal learning is separatedfrom daily life and, indeed, as Scribner and Cole (1973:553) have observed,may actually “promote ways of learning and thing which often run counter on (4)______those nurtured in practical daily life.” A characteristic feature of formallearning is the centrality of activities which are not closely paralleled byactivities outside the classroom. The classroom can prepare for, draw, and (5)______imitate the challenges of adult life outside the classroom, but it cannot, by itsnature, consist of these challenges.In doing this, language plays a crucial role as the major channel forinformation exchange. “Success” in the classroom requires a student tomaster this abstract signal. As Berstein noted, the language of the classroom (6)______is more similar to the language used by middle-class families than that used byworking-class families. Middle class children thus find it easier to acquire thelanguage of the classroom than their working-class peers.Informal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to conduct this role. (7)______Informal learning is acquired as natural part of a child's socialization. Adultsor older children who are proficient at the skill or activity provide—sometimes (8)______ unintentionally—target models of behavior in the course of everyday activity.Informal learning, however, can take place at any time and is not subject by (9) ______the limitations imposed by institutional timetabling. (10)______IV. Reading Comprehension (15%)Directions: In this section there are three passages followed by a total of 15 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then mark your answers on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1The dream of lost innocence recovered in a golden future always haunts the imagination of colonial pioneers. Its premise is myopia: F. Scott Fitzgerald conjured “a fresh, green breast of the new world” for his Dutch sailors, a story that began without Indians. Golda Meir infamously insisted that there was no such thing as Palestinians. Breaking new ground on a distant shore is easier if no one is there when you arrive. Plan B allows that the natives are happy to see the newcomers. But soon enough it all turns nasty and ends in tears.“A Strange Death,”Hillel Halkin's beautifully written and wisely confused account of the local history of the town he lives in, Zichron Yaakov, takes us back to the earliest days of Jewish settlement in Ottoman Palestine. His ostensible subjects are members of the Nili spy ring operated out of Zichron daring World War Ⅰby local pioneers on behalf of the British, its ramifications among the local populace and the betrayals and revenge that floated in its wake. He is deeply seduced, however, by the lovely ambiguities of the past as they arise in relationships between Arabs and Jews at a time when both groups were under Turkish rule. Yes, there is murder just around the corner (Jews were hacked to pieces in Hebron and Arabs massacred in Deir Yessin) but in 1916 a man could still be known by the horse he rode from village to village rather than the tank he roiled through in.The spy ring (“Nili”is a Hebrew acronym that translates as “the strength of Israel will not lie”), which functioned less than a year from the winter of 1916 through the fail of 1917, was the brainchild of Aaron Aaronsohn and Avshalom Feinberg, two Palestine-born Zionists convinced that a British victory over the Turks would help pave the way to a Jewish state. Aaronsohn was a charismatic figure with an international reputation as a botanist (he discovered triticum dioccoides, the wild ancestor of cultivated wheat). Feinberg, a local farmer, was a swashbuckler, a superior shot and impressive horseman. Aaronsohn brought two of his sisters into the ring: Rivka, who was engaged to Feinberg, and the beautiful and spirited Sarah. At 24, Sarah had abandoned her Turkish Jewish husband in Constantinople and had witnessed, on her journey to Palestine, the Turks' genocidal assault on the Armenians. The network was augmented by Yosef Lishansky, a maverick adventurer and a tough guy, and a few more trusted relatives of the two leaders.The likelihood of the spies living to comb gray hair wasn't enhanced by the anxieties of some Jews. After a successful run passing information on Turkish troop positions to a British freighter waiting offshore came the inevitable capture, torture and interrogation of an operative, Naaman Belkind, and soon enough the jig was up. In October 1917, the Turks cordoned off Zichron. Aaronsohn was luckily in Cairo at the time. Lishansky escaped only to be caught after three weeks, and hanged by the Turks. Sarah was captured and marched through town. Four Jewish women abused, excoriated and perhaps assaulted her, but whether they acted out of animosity or an instinct for self-preservation has never been clear. After being tortured by Turkish soldiers Sarah escaped to her own home long enough to retrieve a hidden gun and shoot herself.Nothing is at it was, and perhaps it never was as Halkin supposed. In an empty house he finds a discarded, anonymous book, “Sarah, Flame of the Nili.” A little research reveals that the hagiography was written by Alexander Aaronsohn, Sarah's younger brother, who, Halkin also finds out, had a penchant for pubescent girls well beyond his own adolescence. The countryside was thinly populated and the grassgrew high; there are secrets in Zichron. At the end of the book, the town has health food stores, gift and antique shops and ice cream parlors. But it has lost its soul.A riot of names in "A Strange Death" sometimes threatens to overwhelm the reader -- as if Haikin wants to honor every inhabitant. The poet Stanley Kunitz once heard a voice telling him to “live in the layers.” Halkin's book lives wonderfully in the layers but the layers, of course -- a millennium or two of who did what to whom and when -- disturb everybody in his part of the world.1. In the beginning of the passage, the author tells us that ______.A. the colonists were always welcomed by the natives.B. the colonization will never be with a happy ending.C. the colonists hoped that there were always people on the new continents.D. the colonists hoped that they may perform ethnic cleansing on the new continents.2. Concerning the main characters, which statement is true?A. Aaronsohn and Sarah are relatives.B. The spy ring stands by the Turkish side.C. Sarah is captured at the end of the novel.D. Lishansky is caught and hanged by the British army.3. This book is ______.A. a spy story.B. with a happy ending.C. a story of a group of suppressed people.D. a story about a poor women.4. What is the main problem that puzzles the readers of the novel?A. Dull story.B. Complex relationship.C. Names.D. Sad ending.Passage 2One of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University, the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it is measuring up. Like the Roman Catholic church and other ancient institutions, it is asking-still in private rather than in public whether its past assumptions about faculty, authority, admission, courses of study, are really relevant to the problems of the 1990's. Should Harvard-or any other university-be an intellectual sanctuary, apart from the political and social revolution of the age, or should it be a laboratory for experimentation with these political and social revolutions; or even an engine of the revolution? This is what is being discussed privately in the big clapboard houses of faculty members around the Harvard Yard.Walter Lip Mann, a distinguished Harvard graduate, defined the issue several years ago. “If the universities are to do their work.” He said, “they must be independent and they must be disinterested... They are places to which men can turn for judgments which are unbiased by partisanship and special interest. Obviously, the moment the universities fall under political control, or under the control of private interest, or the moment they themselves take a hand in politics and the leadership of government, their value as independent and disinterested sources of judgment is impaired...”This is part of the argument that is going on at Harvard today. Another part is the argument of the militant and even many moderate students: that a university is the keeper of our ideals and morals, and should not be “disinterested” but activist in bringing the nation's ideals and actions together.Harvard's men of today seem more trebled and less sure about personal, political and academic purpose than they did at the beginning. They are not even clear about how they should debate and resolve their problems but they are struggling with privately, and how they come out is bound to influence American university and political life in the 1990's.5. According to the passage, universities like Harvard should ______.A. fight against militarism.B. take an active part in solving society's evils.C. support old and established institutions.D. involve themselves in politics.6. It can be inferred from the passage that in life's goal people of Harvard are becoming ______.A. less sure about it.B. more sure about it.C. less interested in it.D. more hopeful of it.7. The “paradoxes” in the passage mean ______.A. unusual situations.B. difficult puzzles.C. abnormal conditions.D. self-contradictions.8. In the author's opinion, the debate at Harvard ______.A. is a symbol of the general bewilderment.B. will soon be over.C. will influence the future life in America.D. is interesting to Harvard men and their friends.Passage 3In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve their superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle classes behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon adsorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life.Every code of etiquette has contained three elements: basic moral duties; practical rules whichpromote efficiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance.In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzaia, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents' presence without asking permission.Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot.Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Province, in France. Provinces had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castle from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name. Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of banning or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest.9. One characteristic of the rich classes of a declining society is their tendency to ______.A. take in the recently wealthyB. retreat within themselvesC. produce publications on mannersD. change the laws of etiquette10. Which of the following is NOT an element of the code of etiquette?A. Respect for ageB. Formal complimentsC. Proper introductions at social functionsD. Eating with a fork father than fingers11. According to the writer which of the following is put of chivalry? A knight should ______.A. inspire his lady to perform valiant deedsB. perform deeds which would inspire romantic songsC. express his love for his lady from a distanceD. regard his lady as strong and independent12. Etiquette as an art of gracious living is quoted as a feature of which country?A. EgyptB. 18th century FranceC. Renaissance ItalyD. EnglandPassage 4IBM has just announced the invention of the PAN—Personal Area Network—a set of devices that use humans as conductors to relay detailed textual information from one person to another, simply by touch. It is a relatively small conceptual step from the PAN processor that relays a written message through one's body by a shake of the hand to a microcell sensory transmission system that relays ideas and sensations directly to and from the most powerful processor in the world, the human brain.Within a few decades, PAN-type research will transform the Internet into the Life Net, a comprehensive sensory environment for human habitation. Our minds will be afforded wireless direct sensory interfacing with other people and various databases. A dramatically enhanced version of what we now call virtual reality will become as common as air conditioning. Telephones, TVs, PCs, and other media will be replaced by wireless sensory feeds from and to communal microcells.People return to the Internet each day not from addiction, but because they can craft a new identity for themselves—any identity they choose. Or they can participate in experiences that are otherwise beyond their reach. Consider the impact of a technology affording a lifestyle in which you can go wherever you want to go and be whoever you want to be.Today's office and service workers have diminished physical capabilities, but are better educated. The Life Net will accelerate this trend. The need to survive while spending weeks, months, or years on the Net would be drastically reduced.Resource depletion resulting from overpopulation will cease to be a major issue when we are subsisting on 600 calories a day in a sensory reality where we can eat all we want. Our mansions will be built in our minds, and our future Ferrairs will be driven along the roads of our collective imaginations. Our minds will work and play in ways now beyond our conception.Time constraints dissolve when we can communicate effortlessly anywhere in the world. Humans will require less sleep, since we will need only the time to file and store the information that our brains have collected, and not to rest physical bodies. The physical body will deteriorate to a state where a return to robust health would take months—if possible at ail.These technologies will be inexpensive. Life Net participation will consume far fewer resources than an automobile, and reduce our housing and other needs. This will help the Life Net expand into ThirdWorld countries. The equipment required for the microcellular sensory transmission technology will be modular, redundant, and like that for the Internet, incrementally inexpensive. Countries with overcrowding and famine would embrace the Life Net. Their resources would be extended, and planners would likely program the system to minimize the population's reproductive drive.People will still have jobs. There will be lots of work to do. People will want to consume the newest experiential sensations. Some food will need to be prepared, and equipment manufactured. Government will be divided into Geographical, Physical and Communicative. The responsibilities of the geographic governments will be to defend land masses and keep order in the physical world as much as they do today. The responsibilities of the communicative governments will be to administer, regulate and defend cyberspace.The communicative government will also be responsible for maintaining the input-output microcells. Various online services are already functioning as a form of communicative government today—with their monthly fees as taxes. As they mature, these communicative governments will develop better defenses against cyberspace terrorism, which may come from large and potentially violent anti-technology cults.Some people will have to remain physically active and strong, because of the nature of their labor. Tools and equipment will always break down and need repair, and some operations and experiments will require a hands-on approach. Manufacturers, natural resource harvesters and explorers of all sorts are likely to be visitors to the Life Net, rather than residents.Manufacturing will be dramatically reduced, because few people will need cars, clothing, physical tools, or countless other physical objects. Natural resource harvesters will work in every field from farming to mining. Yet as with manufacturing, the need for harvesting will decrease.Fifty years from now, reality will consist of some wonderful things, some beautiful things, and some deeply frightening things.13.What can we infer from the passage?A.Tools and equipment will never break down in future.B.There will be no physical jobs.C.Science will not exist in the future world.D.Science and technology will be more useful for human beings in future.14.What's the passage mainly about?A.Invention of the PAN. B.Virtual reality in future.C.Vision of the future. D.The fate of Internet.15.The tone of the author is ______ .A.imaginary B.humorous C.ironic D.pessimisticV. General Knowledge (10%)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1. The capital of Ireland is ___________.A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. BelfastD. Dublin2. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by ___________.A. Thomas JeffersonB. Abraham LincolnC. George WashingtonD. Benjamin Franklin3. The real center of power in the British Parliament is ___________.A. the CrownB. the House of CommonsC. the House of LordsD. the Cabinet4. The head of State of New Zealand is ____________.A. the Prime MinisterB. the Governor-GeneralC. the British MonarchD. the Ombudsman5. Robert Burns was a(n) __________ poet.A. ScottishB. IrishC. AustralianD. Canadian6. Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse are novels of “stream of consciousness”written by _____________.A. James JoyceB. Virginia WoolfC. William FaulknerD. Henry James7. Which of the following writers is NOT a naturalist?A. Stephen CraneB. Jack LondonC. Theodore DreiserD. Mark Twain8. ___________ is the study of speech sounds in a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to rules governing pronunciation.A. PhoneticsB. LexicographyC. PhonologyD. Morphology9. The relation between “write” and “right” is called __________.A. hyponymyB. homonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy10. Transformational-generative grammar (TGG) is ___________’s great contribution to the development of linguistics.A. SaussureB. HallidayC. BloomfieldD. ChomskyVI. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15%)How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough, shaggy bark of a pine. In the spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song.I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush thought my open finger. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is mom welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me the page ant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips.。

(2021更新)国家开放大学电大本科《高级英语》2022期末试题及答案(1351套)

(2021更新)国家开放大学电大本科《高级英语》2022期末试题及答案(1351套)

国家开放大学电大本科《高级英语(1)》2022期末试题及答案(试卷号:1351) Information for the examinees:•This examination consists of 4 parts. They are:Part I : Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points)Part ]] : Reading comprehension (30 points)Part HI : Cloze (10 points)Part IV : Writing (30 points)•The total marks for this examination are 100 points ・Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes.•There will be no extra time to transfer answers to the Answer Sheet; therefore , you should write ALL your answers on the Answer Sheet as you do each task.I . Vocabulary and GrammarC2 points each, 30 points in total)Choose the best answer for each blank from the four choices given. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. _______ you _________ t he supporters club's Internet address?A.Are …knowingB.C. Can ••• knowD.2. In Britain, people __________ more money charities.A.are givingC. doesn't give3.______ the band _________ a lot?A.Is …rehearseC. Has ••• been rehearsing4.When her brother was in prison, sheA.had visited Does …knowDo ••• knowto animal charities than to childrenB.aren't givingD. giveB.Does ••• rehearsingD. Has …been rehearsed_______ him every month.B.visitedC.was visitingD. visits5.The law is that people pay tax. If you don't pay, you could go to prison.A. don't have toB. canC. have toD. can't6. I'll be on holiday in the mountains at Christmas so I meet you in town.A. won't be able toB. mustn'tC. couldn'tD. ought to7. Hey girls, you make us some sandwiches?D. may8. Mrs Porter's heart is very weak and she is very ill. The doctors say she ____________ die soon.A. 's going to C. might9. There are problems with the spaceship's door so the astronauts ____________ do a space walk on this voyage.A. will definitelyB. probably won'tC. will certainlyD. probably will10> The motel _______ by the Lewis family in the 1950s. A. has been started B. was started C. is being startedD. started11. You _______ have seen her at the station-she was at home with me! A. mustn't B. should C. couldn'tD. may12. ______ people waste time playing computer games. A. Much B. A little C. Lots ofD. Not any13. ______ people prefer reality to the virtual world. A. Not any B. A little C. MuchD. Most14. We ________ to buy some drinks before we get on the train. A. can B. stop C. think aboutD. need15. We would _______ the match if Paul hadn't been injured. A. wins B. win C. wonD. have wonII . Reading comprehension (30 points)Passage A(4 points each 920 points in total)Read the following script of a radio program* Choose the best answer for the questions followed. Then write your answer on the answer sheetPresenter ; [American accent] So. • . what did happen to Amelia Earhart on her last flight?With me in the studio I'm joined by Bruce Holtz, who has been studying the story for many years. Bruce, can you tell us some of the theories about Amelia's tragic accident?Bruce : [West Coast US accent] Well, according to some theories Amelia didn't actually die. ForA. shouldB. mustC. canB. will D. mustmany years some people believed that she survived and then worked for the Japanese during the war.Presenter: The Japanese? You have to remember that Japan was America's big enemy, even in the 1930s.Bruce: Yes, that's right. The story is that during the Second World War,the Japanese broadcast anti-US propaganda on the radio to America. This was read by someone who called herself Tokyo Rose, an American woman living in Japan. Some people thought that perhaps Tokyo Rose was Amelia Earhart. However, Amelia's husband listened to dozens of tapes of the broadcasts but he couldn't identify his wife's voice. So the theory seems unlikely. Presenter: Mmm. What other theories are there?Bruce: Well, another theory was that Amelia was actually a US spy and that she was caught and killed by the Japanese. In 1937 a 15-year-old boy said he heard Amelia Earhart on his radio on 2 July, the day she disappeared. He said that he heard a scream and the woman said Japanese soldiers had entered the plane.Presenter: Well, that sounds quite convincing, doesn't it?Bruce: Er, yes and no. You have to remember that Americans were very worried about Japan back then. Any information from the Pacific region about what the Japanese were doing was very useful. Amelia could have tried to get information-like taking photos. But if she was a spy, there would definitely be files and documents about this in the FBI and government records.The problem is that many researchers spent a long time searching these records in the 1990s and they didn't find any information at all about Amelia being a spy.Presenter: Which theories are more likely then?Bruce: Well, probably the simplest explanation is that Amelia simply ran out of gas and crashed into the ocean. In fact, Amelia did definitely mention that she was starting to run out of gas in her last radio message. But there was no sign of panic and we have since calculated that she must have had enough fuel for at least four more hours when she disappeared. So, it's an easy explanation but it's also easy to prove that it's not true. Perhaps the most intriguing story comes from the island of Nikumaroro in the Pacific. Years after Amelia's disappearancet some researchers on the island noticed that the islanders were using metal plates. The metal looked like it could have come from an aeroplane.Presenter: So you're saying that Amelia tried to land her plane on another island. This Niko, er... Bruce: Nikumaroro, yes. Perhaps they decided to land there because they knew the fuel would run out.Presenter: Or perhaps they had made a mistake-they thought they had reached their destination-Howland Island. But it was the wrong island.Bruce: Of course, that is also a possibility. Remember-these islands are very small and Amelia's plane would have been very high up above the ocean. You can imagine how easy it is to choose the wrong island by mistake. But remember that Fred Noonan was a veryexperienced navigator, perhaps the best in the world at the time.Presenter: But I thought that the US Navy spent 16 days looking for the planband that ships and Navyplanes explored all the islands in the area?Bruce: That is correct. The Navy claimed that they had searched the island in 1937. But who knows?The plane might have crashed into the sea as they were trying to land on the island and was never found.Presenter: OK. Now finally9 something I've really wanted to ask. I remember an episode of Star Trek from years ago that mentioned Amelia Earhart. The story suggested that Amelia and FredNoonan had been captured by aliens! Is there any evidence for this?Bruce: It's a nice story but I don't think you need me to answer that question. . t Presenter: Er, OK. Bruce Holtz, thank you.16.The messages broadcast by Tokyo Rose _________A.started in the 1930s.B.were read by an American.C.were very popular with Amelia's husband.D.supported the USA.]7. Researchers couldn't find any information on Amelia in the FBI records becauseA.she may have been killed by the Japanese.B.researchers only started looking in the 1990s.C.she probably wasn't a spy.D.researchers didn't look for long enough.18> When Amelia sent her last message, ________A.she still had gas for several hours' Hying.B.she was extremely worried about how much gas she had left.C.she had already run out of gas.D.she was about to crash.19.The story about the metal plates on Nikumaroro suggests that ____________A.Amelia had met the islanders.B.the plane might have landed or crashed nearby.C.the US Navy hadn't searched the area near the island.D.Fred Noonan wasn't good at navigating.20.Bruce doesn't want to answer the question about Star Trek because -------------------A.he hadn't seen it.B.he didn't have any evidence for the theory.C.he didn't think it was a serious question.D.he didn't like the series.Passage B(2 points each JO points in total)Read the following passage and match sentences A-F with gaps 21-25. There is one sentence you don't need. Then write your answer on the answer sheet.Orraway AdventureOrraway is run by a group of professional outdoor instructors with one goal; to bring our loveof adrenalin sports to you! We were recently voted one of the Top 50 Weekends in the UK by The Independent newspaper. Located in Abergavenny, South Wales, we are open 365 days a year.River bugsRiver bugging is the latest white-water activity sensation. This amazing action sport has never been offered to the public outside of New Zealand and Australia …until now! Only fifty River Bugs exist in the world, and we have ten of them! River Bugs look like a cross between a white water raft and an armchair. Designed for one person at a time, they give you all the thrill of white-water rafting, but on your own and in perfect safety. The user, who is known as a 'bugger', wears a helmet and is protected by inflatable chambers at the back and on the sides of the Bug. 灵・Then, you will be taught how t。

高级英语期末试题及答案

高级英语期末试题及答案

高级英语期末试题及答案一、词汇与语法(共20分)1. Choose the best word to fill in the blank.(每题1分,共5分)(1) The _______ of the old building was so beautiful that it attracted many tourists.A. architectureB. architectC. architecturesD. architectingAnswer: A(2) She was _______ to find her favorite book in the library.A. delightedB. delightC. delightingD. delightfulAnswer: A(3) The _______ of the company is to provide high-quality products to customers.A. purposeB. proposeC. proposalD. proposementAnswer: A(4) He _______ his opinion on the matter during the meeting.A. voicedB. noisedC. voiceddD. noisingAnswer: A(5) The _______ of the river is a popular spot for fishing.A. banksB. bankC. bankingD. bankedAnswer: A2. Rewrite the following sentences using the correct grammatical structure.(每题2分,共10分)(1) She is not only a talented musician but also a successful entrepreneur.- She is a talented musician and also a successful entrepreneur.(2) The book was so interesting that I read it in one sitting.- I read the book in one sitting because it was so interesting.(3) He has been working on this project since last year. - This project has been ongoing since last year.(4) Despite the heavy rain, they continued their journey. - They continued their journey despite the heavy rain.(5) The company has made a significant progress this year. - Significant progress has been made by the company this year.二、阅读理解(共30分)1. Read the following passage and answer the questions.(每题2分,共10分)Passage: [Passage content not provided](1) What is the main idea of the passage?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content](2) According to the passage, what were the consequences of the event described?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content](3) What does the author suggest about the future of the subject discussed?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content](4) What is one example given in the passage to illustratea point?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content](5) How does the author develop the argument in the passage?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content]2. Choose the best title for the passage.(每题5分,共10分)(1) [Passage content not provided]A. Title Option 1B. Title Option 2C. Title Option 3D. Title Option 4Answer: [Choose the most appropriate title](2) [Passage content not provided]A. Title Option 1B. Title Option 2C. Title Option 3D. Title Option 4Answer: [Choose the most appropriate title]三、完形填空(共20分)1. Read the following passage and choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentences.(每空1分,共20分)Passage: [Passage content not provided][Provide the passage with blanks and the corresponding options for each blank]Answer: [Provide the correct word for each blank]四、翻译(共20分)1. Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese.(每题5分,共10分)(1) The rapid development of technology has changed our lives in many ways.Answer: 技术快速发展在很多方面改变了我们的生活。

2020-2021大学《高级英语》(二)期末课程考试试卷A(含答案)

2020-2021大学《高级英语》(二)期末课程考试试卷A(含答案)

2020-2021《高级英语》(二)期末课程考试试卷A考试班级: 考试日期:;试卷所需时间:120分钟闭卷,试卷总分:100分Part One Grammar &Vocabulary (30%)Directions : There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1. __________to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are still covered with thick forests.A. OrientationB. AccessC. ProcessionD. V oyage2. You don’t have to install this radio in your new car, it’s an____________ extra.A .excessive B. optional C. additional D. arbitrary3. Her long illness was gradually _____________Charlotte’s strength.A. tappingB. lappingC. sappingD. napping4. As the offender ______________his crime ,he was dealt with leniently.A. admitB. confessC. commitD. transmit5. It is well known that knowledge is the __________ condition for expansion of mind.A. incompatibleB. incredibleC. indefiniteD. indispensable6. He spoke so_____________ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.A. bluntlyB. convincinglyC. emphaticallyD. determinedly7. France’s ___________of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.A. assumptionB. consumptionC. presumptionD. resumption8.The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October,__________ an outburst of interest.A. flaredB. glitteredC. sparkedD. flashed9.I am not____________with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live.A. concernedB. compatibleC. considerateD. complied10.At first, the____________ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.A. transactionB. transmissionC. transformationD. transition11.The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest___________ to everyone.A. speculationB. attributionC. utilizationD. proposition12. __________ boys in pink shirts hanging about on Washday after school.A. SecretB. SlyC. FurtiveD. Cunning13. If the work done ____________we could pay well.A. discreetlyB. carelesslyC. internationallyD. sepulchrally14. We were tortured in the outback by the ____________ Austrian fly.A. co-existingB. ubiquitousC. appreciativeD. favorable15. The newspapers were extremely __________about him. A. sluggish B. astound C. succumb D. scathing16. The president statements were ______________ by all parties.A. contaminatedB. denouncedC. flirtedD. concealed17. Chemical plants in the vicinity __________more than half the national’s soda ash for industry.A . turned to B. turned out C. turned downed D. turned in18. Please do not be ________ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.A. disregardedB. distortedC. irritatedD. intervened19. As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals____________ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.A. relieveB. releaseC. dismissD. discard20. Without the friction between their feet and the ground, people would ____________be able to walk.A. in no timeB. by all meansC. in no wayD. on any account21. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping ____________to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.A. occasionallyB. simultaneouslyC. eventuallyD. promptly22. One reason for the successes of Asian immigrants in the U.S. is that theyhave taken great ______________to educate their children.A. effortsB. painsC. attemptsD. endeavours23.If any man here does not agree with me, he should ______________his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people.A. put onB. put outC. put inD. put forward24. Your improper words will give ___________to doubts concerning your true intentions.A. riseB. reasonC. suspicionD. impulse25.The news item about the fire is followed by a detailed report made ______________.A. on the spotB. on the siteC. on the locationD. on the ground26. Too much ______________ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.A. disclosureB. exhibitionC. contactD. exposure27. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes _____________, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.A. dimB. blankC. faintD. vain28. When travelling, you are advised to take travelers’checks, which provide a secure _______________ to carrying your money in cash.A. substituteB. selection C preference D. alternative29. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ______________attitude toward customers.A. impartialB. mildC. hostileD. opposing30. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December25th___________the birth of Jesus Christ.A. in accordance withB. in terms ofC. in favor ofD. in honor ofPart Two Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform?Uniforms also have many practical benefits .They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bill. They are tax-deductible. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.31. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______ .A. still judge a man by his clothesB. hold the uniforms in such high regardC. enjoy having a professional identity.D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform32.People are accustomed to thinking that a man in uniform________.A. suggests quality workB. discards his social identityC. appears to be more practicalD. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes33. The chief function of a uniform is to _________ .A. provide practical benefits to the wearerB. make the wearer catch the public eyeC. inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfD. provide the wearer with a professional identity34. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms________ .A. are usually helpfulB. have little or no individual freedomC. tend to lose their individualityD. enjoy greater popularity35. The best title for this passage would be ________ .A Uniforms and SocietyB. The Importance of Wearing a UniformC. Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD. Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsPassage TwoQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.You don’t need every word to understand the meaning of what you read. In fact, too much emphasis on individual words both slows your speed and reduces your comprehension. You will be given the chance to prove this to yourself, but meanwhile, let us look at the implications.First, any habit which slows down your silent reading to the speed at which you speak, or read aloud, is inefficient. If you point to each word as you read, or more your head, or form the words with your lips, you read poorly. Less obvious habits also hold back reading efficiency. ONE is “Saying” each word silently by moving your tongue or throat or vocal cords; another is “hearing” each word as you read.These are habits which should have been outgrown long ago. The beginning reader is learning how letters can make words, how written words are pronounced, and how sentences are put together. Your reading purpose is quite different; it is to understand meaning.It has been estimated that up to 75% of the words in English sentences are not really necessary for conveying the meaning. The secret of silent reading is to seek out those key words and phrases which carry the thought, and to pay less attention to words which exist only for the sake of grammatical completeness.An efficient reader can grasp the meaning from a page at least twice as fast as he can read the passage aloud. Unconsciously perhaps, he takes in a whole phrase or thought unit at a time. If he “says”or “hears”words to himself. They are selected ones, said for emphasis.36. This passage is mainly about_________.A. improving eye movementsB. reading more widelyC. eliminating poor reading habitsD. concentrating while reading37. Saying each word to yourself as you read__________.A. improves comprehensionB. increases reading speedC. prevents regression (退步)D. hinders reading efficiency38. Your reading purpose should be___________.A. to understand all the wordsB. to make fewer eye movementsC. to understand meaningD. to understand the grammatical structures39. It has been estimated that up to 75% of words in English sentences are ________.A. grammatically unnecessaryB. essential to the meaningC. not absolutely essential to grasp of meaningD. regressed more than once by poor readers40. Efficient readers usually__________.A. move their heads quicklyB. take in whole phrases at a timeC. point at key wordsD. miss some important points for speedPassage ThreeQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Back in 1922, Thomas Edison predicted that “the motion picture is destined to revolutionize our educational system and...in a few years it will supplant largely, if not entirely, the use of textbooks.” Well, we all make mistakes. But at least Edison did not squander vast quantities of public money on installing cinema screens in schools around the country.With computers, the story has been different. Many governments have packed them into schools, convinced that their presence would improve the pace and efficiency of learning. Large numbers of studies, some more academically respectable than others, have purported to show that computers help children to learn. Now, however, a study that compares classes with computers against similar classes without them casts doubt on that view.In the current Economic Journal, Joshua Angrist of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Victor Lavy of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem look at a scheme which put computers into many of Israel’s primary and middle schools in the mid-1990s. Dr Angrist and Dr Lavy compare the test scores for maths and Hebrew achieved by children in the fourth and eighth grades (i.e, aged about nine and 13) in schools with and without computers. They also asked the classes’ teachers how they used various teaching materials, such as Xeroxed worksheets and, of course, computer programs. The researchers found that the Israeli scheme had much less effect on teaching methods in middle schools than in elementary schools. It also found no evidence that the use of computers improved children’s test scores. In fact, it found the reverse. In the case of the maths scores of fourth-graders, there was a consistently negative relationship between computer use and test scores.The authors offer three possible explanations of why this might be. First, the introduction of computers into classrooms might have gobbled up cash that would otherwise have paid for other aspects of education. But that is unlikely in this case since the money for the programme came from the national lottery, and the study found no significant change in teaching resources, methods or training in schools that acquired computers through the scheme.A second possibility is that the transition to using computers in instruction takes time to have an effect. Maybe, say the authors, but the schools surveyed had been using the scheme’s computers for a full school year. That was enough for the new computers to have had a large (and apparently malign) influence on fourth-grade maths scores. The third explanation is the simplest: that the use of computers in teaching is no better (and perhaps worse) than other teaching methods.The bottom line, says Dr Angrist, is that “the costs are clear-cut and the benefits are murky.”The burden of proof now lies with the promoters of classroom computers. And the only reliable way to make their case is, surely, to conduct a proper study, with children randomly allocated to teachers who use computers and teachers who use other methods, including the cheapest of all: chalk and talk.41. We can learn from the first paragraph that ____________.A. motion picture has revolutionized education systemB. Edison’s prediction has been proved wrongC. Edison encouraged schools to install cinema screensD. schools are cautious about Edison’s idea42. Dr. Angrist and Dr. Lavy have done the following except ____________.A. comparing the test scores of students in different age groupsB. interviewing teachers about their teaching methodsC. launching the computer program in many Israeli schoolsD. explaining students’ school pe rformance43. According to Dr. Angrist and Dr. Lavy, in the Israeli scheme, students didn’t make improvement in their test scores because____________.A. other aspects of education were affected due to cash shortageB. it was not long enough for the program to take effectC. there was a negative relationship between computer use and test scoresD. the use of computer was no better than other teaching methods44. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ____________.A. there hasn’t been a proper st udy on this issue yetB. school authorities should provide proof to support the computer programC. installing computers in schools costs too much, but has little or no effectD. chalk and talk work better than computer in teaching45. The author’s attit ude towards governments’ packing computers in schools seems to be _____________.A. biasedB. indifferentC. disapprovingD. puzzlingPassage FourQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i. e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago “being employed” meant working as a factory labourer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years: middle-class and upper- class employees have been the fastest- growing groups in our working population- growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the ex- pans/on of industrial production.Yet you will fine little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist’s trade or bookkeeping (簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge46. It is implied that fifty years ago__________.A. eighty percent of American working people were employed in factoriesB. twenty percent of American intellectuals were employeesC. the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as thatof industrial workersD. the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that ofindustrial workers47. According to the passage, with the development of modern industry,___________.A. factory labourers will overtake intellectual employees in numberB. there are as many middle -class employees as factory labourersC. employers have attached great importance to factory labourersD. the proportion of factory labourers in the total employee population has decreased48. The word “dubious” (L. 2, Para. 2) most probably means__________.A. valuableB. usefulC. doubtfulD. helpful49. According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is__________.A. less important than awareness of being a good employeeB. as important as the ability to deal with public relationsC. more important than employer-employee relationsD. as important as the ability to co-operate with others in the organization50. From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one__________.A. to be more successful in his careerB. to be more specialized in his fieldC. to solve technical problemsD. to develop his professional skillPart Three TranslationTranslate the following sentences into Chinese (30%)51. We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.52. The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no onehas any idea it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.53. Most of all, he hates himself, because he sees his life passing by, without making anysense beyond the momentary intoxication of success.54. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth.55. Flaming diatribes poured from their pens denouncing the materialism and what theyconsidered to be the cultural boobery of our society.56. To be or not to be, it’s a question.57. I was supposed to make a connecting flight when we landed in New Jersey.68. The western tip of the island is blessed with a string of superb beaches.59. He didn’t even bother to say thank-you to us.60.The children laughed at the shiny head of that bald man.Part Four Writing (20%)Mandarin, or putonghua, is the standard service sector language in China. However lately some employees of a metropolis subway company start using dialects to cater to the requirements of people from different areas in order to render better service. Opponents see the countering effects of such movement to the national policy of promoting mandarin across China. Write in 200 words your opinion and support your argument and bring your essay to a natural conclusion.2020-2021《高级英语》(二)期末课程考试试卷A答案Part One Grammar &Vocabulary (30%)1-5 BBCBD 6-10BDCBB 11-15 ACABD 16-20BBCBC 21-25 ABDAA26-30 DBDCDPart Two Reading Comprehension(20%)31-35 BCDAC 36-40 BCDBB41-45 BCDACPart Three Translation1. 为维护自由,使其长存不灭,我们将会不惜付出任何代价,肩负任何重担,迎战一切困难,援助一切朋友,反击一切敌人。

《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)

《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)

四川外语学院2005 -2006 学年第一学期《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)考试时间:120 分钟系部:英语语言文化系年级:2003级班级:I. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words and phrases. (10%)appeal to press forward in the long run withdraw fromto the utmost at odds keep abreast of devoid ofin due course insistent on1.The child seems to be quite __________ any sense of right or wrong. Notsurprising really when you think what his parents are like.2.With that possibility in mind, I shall find the murderer __________.3.Modern liberalism is fundamentally ___ ________ with democratic governmentbecause it demands results that ordinary people would not freely choose.4.In the extension of medical services to all the people, the qualified medical andhospital facilities already established are utilized __________.5.Moving to Spain will be better for you __ ________.6.Farmers have ____________ the government for help.7. A great many worries can ________ him ______ active participation in work andlife.8.So much is happening in the world of science that it’s difficult to __________ allthe latest developments.9.Those individuals and companies confined to all-domestic operations aremost likely to suffer by lower prices and have been among those most ____________ tariff protection.10.What happened today does nothing to diminish it. We must _________ onmanned space mission.II. Paraphrase the following sentences, especially paying attention to the underlined part. (20%)1. The plutonium would then be vaporized and released into the environment; andthere goes Florida. (Jenny Clanton)2. Two failures in nine trips are great in baseball, but not when we’re dealing withnuclear payloads. (Jenny Clanton)3. If a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor… (John F. Kennedy)4. … to remember that in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. (John F. Kennedy)5. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. (John F. Kennedy)6. Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain. (Winston Churchill)7. All this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding. (Winston Churchill)8. The scene will be clear for the final act, without which all his conquests will be in vain. (Winston Churchill)9. …affection which is received should liberate the affection which is to be given, and only where both exist in equal measure does affection achieve its best possibilities. (Bertrand Russell)10. Evidently this springs from some defect in their nature, but it is one not altogether easy either to diagnose or to cure. (Bertrand Russell)III. Point out the rhetorical device in the underlined part of each sentence and write your answers on the answer sheet. Only one item can be chosen for each sentence. (10%)personification metonymy rhetoric question onomatopoeia antithesis transferred epithet metaphor parallelism alliteration simile1.She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let myheart rule my head.2.I like all the small noises of a ship: the faint creaking…, the slap of a rope, the hissof sudden spray.3.It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an uglysmart girl beautiful.4.No one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one of themost famous trials in U.S. history.5.But above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I haveever been.6.It was that population … and rushing them through with a magnificent dash anddaring and recklessness of cost or consequences.7.There lies before us, if we choose, continual progress in happiness, knowledge,and wisdom. Shall we, instead, choose death, because we cannot forget our quarrels?8.I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment, where thousands uponthousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony, where thousands upon thousands of cities had vanished in sorrow and tears.9.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.10.A moment later, the hurricane in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off thehouse and skimmed it 40 feet through the air.IV. Proofreading (10%) (see “Answer Sheet”)V.Reading comprehension (25%)Passage 1Failure is probably the most fatiguing experience a person ever has. There is nothing more enervating than not succeeding—being blocked, not moving ahead. It is a vicious circle. Failure breeds fatigue, and the fatigue makes it harder to get to work, which compounds the failure. We experience this tiredness in two main ways: as start-up fatigue and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task that we are under some compulsions to discharge. Either because it is too tedious or because it is too difficult, we shirk it. And the longer we postpone it, the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The remedy is obvious, though perhaps not easy to apply, an exertion of will power. The moment I find myself turning away from a job, or putting it under a pile of other things I have to do, I clear my desk of every thing else andattach the objectionable item first. To prevent start-up fatigue, always tackle the most difficult job first.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Here we are not reluctant to get started but we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear insurmountable and however hard we work, we fail again and again. The mounting experience of failure carries with it an ever-increasing burden of mental fatigue. In such a situation,I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over.1. Which of the following can be called a vicious circle?A.Success-zeal-success-zealB.Failure-tiredness-failure-tirednessC.Failure-zeal-failure-zealD.Success-exhaustion-success-exhaustion2. According to the passage, when we keep putting off a task, we canexperience______.A. tirednessB. performance fatigueC. start-up fatigueD. unconsciousness3. To overcome start-up fatigue, we need ______.A. toughnessB. preventionC. musclesD. strong willpower4. The word “insurmountable” in the last paragraph probably means ______.A. that cannot be solvedB. that cannot be understoodC. that cannot be imaginedD. that cannot be objected5. According to the passage, which of the following statement is not true?A.It is easier to overcome start-up fatigueB.Performance fatigue occurs when the job we are willing to take gets blocked.C.One will finally succeed after experiencing the vicious circleD.Fatigue often accompanies failurePassage 2Every minute of every day, what ecologist James Carlton-- an oceanographer at Williams College in Williamstown, Mass. -- calls a global "conveyor belt" redistributes ocean organisms. It's planet wide biological disruption that scientists have barely begun to understand. These creatures move from coastal waters where they fit into the local web of life to places where some of them could tear that web apart. This is the larger dimension of the infamous invasion of fish-destroying, pipe-clogging zebra mussels.What concerns Carlton and his fellow marine ecologists is the lack of knowledge about the hundreds of alien invaders that quietly enter coastal waters around the world every day. What's new is the scale and speed of the migrations made possible by the massive volume of ship-ballast water, continuously moving around the world…Ships load up with ballast water and its inhabitants in coastal waters of one port and dump the ballast in another port that may be thousands of kilometers away. A single load can run to hundreds of gallons. Some larger ships take on as much as 40 million gallons. The creatures that come along tend to be in their larva freefloating stage. When discharged in alien waters they can mature into crabs, jellyfish, slugs,and many other forms.Since the problem involves coastal species, simply banning ballast dumps in coastal waters would, in theory, solve it. Coastal organisms in ballast water that is flushed into midocean would not survive. Such a ban has worked for North American Inland Waterway. But it would be hard to enforce it worldwide. Heating ballast water or straining it should also halt the species spread. But before any such worldwide regulations were imposed, scientists would need a clearer view of what is going on.The continuous shuffling of marine organisms has changed the biology of the sea on a global scale. It can have devastating effects as in the case of the American comb jellyfish that recently invaded the Black Sea. It has destroyed that sea's anchovy fishery by eating anchovy eggs. It may soon spread to western and northern European waters.The maritime nations that created the biological "conveyor belt" should support a coordinated international effort to find out what is going on and what should be done about it.6. According to Dr. Carlton, ocean organisms are ____.A. being moved to new environments.B. destroying the planet.C. succumbing to the zebra mussel.D. developing alien characteristics.7. Oceanographers are concerned because ____.A. their knowledge of this phenomenon is limited.B. they believe the oceans are dying.C. they fear an invasion from outer-space.D. they have identified thousands of alien webs.8. It can be inferred from the article that banning ballast dumps in coastalwaters proved successful in _______.A. North American Inland WaterwayB. the globeC. EuropeD. America9. According to Marine ecologists, transplanted marine species ____.A. are all compatible with one another.B. may upset the ecosystems of coastal waters.C. can only survive in their home waters.D. sometimes disrupt shipping lanes.10. The identified cause of the problem is ____.A. the rapidity with which larvae mature.B. a common practice of the shipping industry.C. a centuries old species.D. the world wide movement of ocean currents.11. The article suggests that a solution to the problem ____.A. is unlikely to be identified.B. must precede further research.C. is hypothetically easy.D. will limit global shipping.Passage 3The United Nation Conference on Drug Abuse that took place earlier this year in Vienna, was a very productive meeting. As never before, the nations of the world demonstrated a willingness to put aside ideological and individual differences to confront a common threat.Most previous international gatherings on this subject have not seen the same intensity of delegate interest. Many nations have gone through a shock of recognition.A decade ago, only those nations identified as "consuming countries" were thought to have a serious drug problem. Today, not only have many "producing countries" also become "consuming countries" but many have missed the growth within their borders of drug trafficking gangs (often allied with terrorists) so powerful they present a danger to the state's stability. Many developing countries now have the worst of both worlds, in that they grow their own narcotics and addict large number of their own people. There is a growing sense of fright in many governments that matters are out of control and the single way to recover is through cooperation with other countries.The high points of the conference were the drafting of two documents, both of which were adopted without a dissenting vote. One was a joint declaration of intent to combat drug abuse and trafficking. The other consisted of many derailed suggestions for particular regional and national policies.On the demand side, the delegates recommended the establishment of a system for collecting information on the nature and scope of narcotics use. In addition, drug education should be taught in schools and governments and labor organizations should act together in the anti-drug campaign in the work place. The delegates also recommended strict adherence to international agreements to curb the supply of narcotics.President Ronald Reagan, in his statement to the conference, reflected a somber but hopeful view. Noting the magnitude of the effort necessary, the President remarked, "That's why this conference is so encouraging and so important--- it presents an excellent opportunity for the nations of the world to build cooperation and plan effective strategies and tactics. It won’t be easy. The alternative, however, is the continued internal decay of our societies.12. Striking feature of the UN Conference on Drug Abuse is that ______.A.the delegates were unprecedentedly unanimous in their attempt to control drugabuseB.the conference touched upon many issues in the world.C.it was held by many countries.D.two documents were signed.13. Many countries are shocked to find that _______.A.consuming countries are confronting a serious drug problemB.drug trafficking gangs are often allied with terroristsC.drug problem has become more serious than everD.drug abuse if undermining their government14. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. only those "consuming countries" are thought to have a serious drug problemB. the nations of the world do not have a consensus to find against drug problems.C. The United Nation Conference on Drug Abuse in Vienna was not veryproductive.D. The most important result of the United Nation Conference on Drug Abuse inVienna was the drafting of two important documents.15. Many countries have realized that the single way to control drugs is through___________.A. cooperation in the developed countriesB. cooperation in the developing countriesC. domestic policiesD. world-wide cooperation16. According to the passage the drug problem for the developing countries is the most serious because ______.A.they lack necessary funding to curb drug abuseB.they are both producing and consuming countries of drugsC.they are not efficient in their attempt to combat drug abuseD.they have not enlisted support from developed countries17. The delegates seemed to lack confidence in ______.A.curbing the demand for dangerous drugsB.destroying the process of distributionC.establishing system for collecting information about drug abuse.D.persuading people not to take drugs18. According to the passage President Reagan ________.A.pointed out that the effort to combat drug abuse was inestimableB.expressed his doubt about the possibility of international agreementC.suggested that if drug abuse is not curbed, world civilization will degenerateD.said that the conference was encouraging and important because internationalcooperation is necessary.Passage 4For much of the world, the death of Richard Nixon was the end of a complex public life. But researchers who study bereavement wondered if it didn't also signify the end of a private grief. Had the former president merely run his allotted fourscore and one, or had he fallen victim to a pattern that seems to afflict longtime married couples: one spouse quickly following the other to the grave?Pat, Nixon's wife of 53 years, died last June after a long illness. No one knows for sure whether her death contributed to his. After all, he was elderly and had a history of serious heart disease. Researchers have long observed that the death of aspouse particularly a wife is sometimes followed by the untimely death of the grieving survivor. Historian Will Durant died 13 days after his wife and collaborator, Ariel; Buckminster Fuller and his wife died just 36 hours apart. Is this more than coincidence?"Part of the story, I suspect, is that we men are so used to ladies feeding us and taking care of us," says Knud Helsing, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins School of Public health, "that when we lose a wife we go to pieces. We don't know how to take care of ourselves." In one of several studies Helsing has conducted on bereavement, he found that widowed men had higher mortality rates than married men in every age group. But, he found that widowers who remarried enjoyed the same lower mortality rate as men who'd never been widowed.Women's health and resilience may also suffer after the loss of a spouse. In a 1987 study of widows, researchers from the University of California, Los Angeles, and UC, San Diego, found that they had a dramatic decline in levels of important immune-system cells that fight off disease. Earlier studies showed reduced immunity in widowers.For both men and women, the stress of losing a spouse can have a profound effect. "All sorts of potentially harmful medical problems can be worsened, "says Gerald Davison, professor of psychology at the University of Southern California. People with high blood pressure, for example, may see it rise. In Nixon's case, Davison speculates, "the stroke, although not caused directly by the stress, was probably hastened by it." Depression can affect the surviving spouse's will to live; suicide are elevated in the bereaved, along with accidents not involving cars.Involvement in life helps prolong it. Mortality, says Duke University psychiatrist Daniel Blazer, is higher in older people without a good social-support-system, who don't feel they're part of a group or a family, that they "fit in" somewhere. And that's a more common problem for men, who tend not to have as many close friendships as women. The sudden absence of routines can also be a health hazard, says Blazer. While earlier studies suggested that the first six months to a year - or even the first week -- were times of higher mortality for the bereaved, some newer studies find no special vulnerability in this initial period. Most men and women, of course do not die as a result of the loss of a spouse. And there are ways to improve the odds. A strong sense of separate identity and lack of over-dependency during the marriage are helpful. Adult sons and daughters, siblings and friends need to pay special attention to a newly widowed parent. They can make sure that he or she is socializing, getting proper nutrition and medical care, expressing emotion and, above all, feeling needed and appreciated.19. According to researchers, Richard Nixon's death was ____.A. caused by his heart problems.B. indirectly linked to his wife's death.C. the inevitable result of old age.D. an unexplainable accident.20. The research reviewed in the passage suggest that ____.A. remarried men live healthier lives.B. unmarried men have the longest life spans.C. widowers have the shortest life spans.D. widows are unaffected by their mates' death.21. One of the results of grief mentioned in the passage is ____.A. loss of friendships.B. diminished socializing.C. vulnerability to disease.D. loss of appetite.22. The passage states that while married couples can prepare for grieving by ____.A. being self-reliant.B. evading intimacy.C. developing habits.D. avoiding independence.23. Helsing speculates that husbands suffer from the death of a spouse because they are ____.A. unprepared for independence.B. incapable of cooking.C. unwilling to talk.D. dissatisfied with themselves.24. The author suggests that ___________.A. a newly widowed parent should go out more often than notB. a newly widowed parent should live with their childrenC. family members should respect their newly widowed parentD. family members should also pay attention to a newly widowed parent25. The main idea of this article is __________.A. how to save the newly widowed spouseB. the loss of a spouse may influence the life span of the widowed oneC. the life of the newly widowed spouseD. not clearVI. Text Analysis (25%)Read the following passage and answer the questions in your answer sheet.About one of man’s frailties Thomas Wolfe wrote, “he talks of the future and he wastes it as it comes.” This observation is related to a principle by which I try (without always succeeding) to live. I believe in living in the present because it is futile to dwell on the past, to worry about the future, or to miss anything in the only reality I know.It is futile to dwell on the past. What existed or happened in the past may have been beautiful or exciting and may now bring profound and precious memories; but the past is dead, and it is not healthy for living spirits to linger over a world inhabited by ghosts. The past may also be a place of horror, of regret, of spilled milk, of unfortunate deeds that “cannot be undone,” of sad words like “might have been.” However, it is painful and pointless to fixate on a period that cannot be relived or repaired. It is unproductive self-punishment. The past must be kept in its place, outlived and outgrown.It is also useless to worry about the future. Why fly to heaven before it is time? What anxious visions haunt the person who thinks too much about the future? He may envision the horrible mushroom cloud; the earth shriveling from radiation; the overpopulated, abused earth gone dead. He may imagine his own life going awry, appointments missed; advancements given to someone else; his house burned to the ground; his love lost; everything in his life as in a nightmare, slipping away from him. There is no end to the disasters a person can worry about when he focuses anxiously on the future. There are events in his future, including his own demise, over which he has little or no control, but he can ruin his life worrying about them. There are some disasters he may be able to prevent, but he must do that by living well in the present, not simply by worrying about the future.The present moment, which is even now moving into the past, is the reality I know, and I don't want to miss it. The wild-cherry cough drop dissolving in my mouth is sweet and soothing. Even my sore throat and back-ache have meaning. The cool night air, the crackling noises of my furnace, my cat yawning and stretching -- these, are the tangible realities I can recognize. They exist in this moment, together with my own breathing, the warm lamp overhead, the jerking of my typewriter. Along with these are the realities of other people and of all life on this earth, which matters to me now, not at some past or future time.Everyone needs a sense of history, I think, particularly a feeling for his own roots, but history needs to keep its distance to be appreciated. It is also vital to have some sense of direction, which means making plans for the future but not becoming preoccupied with them. What is most important, I believe, is living in the present, that is, being alive now.Questions:1.What is the thesis statement in the passage? (5 points)2.How does the writer develop his ideas in this passage? (10 points)3.Please comme nt on one of the author’s views. (10 points)。

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2005 -2006 学年第二学期
《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)参考答案
I.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words and
phrases. (15%)
1. speaks volumes
2. in the vicinity of
3. at his disposal
4. acted as
5. oblivious
不知道的of
6. look up to
7. to no avail
8. follow suit
9. a battery of 10. in lieu of场所
11. unparalleled 12. reassuring 13. circulation 14. significance 15. engulfed
II.Paraphrase the following sentences, especially paying attention to the underlined part. (20%)看要求评分
III.Proofreading (10%)
The Great Depression first started in the New York Stork
Exchange. In the 1920s, there were fatal flaws on the prosperity 1. in
of the economy. Overproduction of crops depresses food prices, 2. depressed
and farmers suffered. Industrial workers were earning better wages,
but they still did not have enough purchased power to continue buying 3.purchasing
the flood of goods that poured out of their factories. With profits
soar and interest rates low, a great deal of money was available 4.soaring
for investment, and much of tha t capital wen t into reckless 5. but
speculation. Billions of dollars \that poured into the stock market, and 6 that
frantic bidding boosted the price of share far above their real value. 7.shares
As long as the market prospered, speculators could make fortunes
overnight, but they could be ruined just as quick if stock 8.quickly
prices fell. On October 24, 1929 –“Black Thursday” -- a
wave of panic selling of stocks swept the New York Stock
Exchange. Once started, the collapse of shares and other
security prices could not be halted. By 1932, thousands
of banks and over 100,000 businesses had been failed. Industrial 9. been
production was cut in half, farm income had fallen by more
than half, wages had increased 60%, new investment was 10. decreased
down 90%, and one out of every four was unemployed in the USA.
IV.Reading comprehension (25%)
1-5 BCADB 6-10 BCBCA
11-15 CCBCA 16-20 DDCCB 21-25 BAACA
V. Text analysis (30%)
看要求评分。

2005 -2006 学年第二学期
《高级英语》期中考试试卷(A)评分标准
I. 每项为一分,选错地方、拼写错误,语法错误等均不给分,共15分。

II. 每题二分。

重在检查学生对句子理解,要求解释出关键词、关键句型结构、隐含意思、缺失成分、语法基本正确、语句通顺。

有不满要求、严重的语言错误可以扣0.5-1分,句子理解错误扣2分。

小的语言拼写错误可以忽略。

共20分。

III. 每题指出错误并改正确给一分。

共10分。

IV. 每题一分,共25分。

选错不得分。

V. 第一题要求学生:完整答出短文主要论点“the demise of family life, the effect of the media on the juveniles today, and the increase of firearms 抚养available today have played a big role in the increase of juveniles’ crimes.青少年”或用自己的语言写出这句主题句的意思,可以给满分5分。

如果答案不全面,只答出前半或后半部分给3分。

如果没有答出主题句,不给分。

第二题要求学生:
1)首先回答文章是否连贯和统一。

做到可以给2分,否则扣2分。

2)总结出短文发展的线索即简洁的提纲,做到可以给6分,不全面的扣1-3分。

3)评价作者发展观点中如何做到部分与部分之间的过渡与衔接,(如提出文章主体每段都是以主题句为始的平行结构等特点),满足以上要求可给2分;指出作者如何获取行文意义的流畅,表达出自己的观点的连贯和统一(如指出作者在文中运用的一些连接词语等),符合这一要求给2分。

4)满足上述要求、语句通顺、少量拼写错误可以给满分12分。

第三题要求学生:
1)首先提出作者的其中一个观点,然后全面充分评述并很好地对此观点进行阐述,语言流畅,少量语言错误。

达到此要求可以给满分13分。

2)如果指出作者的观点之一,能较好地发表自己的观点,语言流畅,有少量语言错误,可以适当给10-12分。

3)如对作者观点之一能阐述一些自己的观点,语言通顺,有语言错误,可以给6-9分。

如果对作者观点之一略微阐述自己的观点,有大量的语言错误,
给1-5分。

4)如只是对文章写作方面而不是就作者观点进行评述,可以给3分。

5)如果有大量语言错误,对作者主题意义完全不理解,可以不给分。

说明:II和V 题要求课题组任课老师集体阅卷时将评分信度基本统一。

四川外语学院
《高级英语》期末考试大纲
依据英语专业本科三年级阶段《高级英语》学习的要求,《高级英语》课题组制定《高级英语》期末考试大纲如下。

本卷命题由课题组任课教师共同操作,共包括五个部分,分别测试学生语言基础知识、英文修辞知识(包括对修辞技巧的理解、各类文体的赏析技能等)、阅读能力和知识面、篇章理解和分析能力(包括对主题的理解和结构的分析能力、赏析能力、基本的逻辑和修辞方法、解决问题的能力等)方面。

第一部分短语及词语变形填空,主要测试学生的语言基础知识(包括对词汇的掌握、词义辨析能力、基本语法知识的巩固等),因而题型既有短语搭配、时态变换、还有词性、词形判断与变换。

第二部分句子释义。

主要测试学生英文阅解能力,包括:(1)对句子中出现的与理解句子关系密切的疑难词语或者表达予以简化解释,即句中某个单词或某些单词或短语表达发生同义变化,用较为简单的词语加以替换,使其易于理解;(2)对复杂句子结构的理解,语法结构的改变,句法结构的扩张,比如,形容词短语可以还原为定语从句,一个句子可能会变成两个句子等;(3)对修辞理解和修辞手段的改变。

语句中一些比较抽象,含有比喻用法的语言部分,有时还涉及到一些委婉语等,都要使其通俗化、简单化。

(4)语言的组织能力、意义的概括能力,以及由语言组织能力所关联的逻辑组织能力。

第三部分改错,主要测试学生的语言综合能力,包括语言基础知识(搭配、一致性拼写等)、知识面、判断能力等。

第四部分阅读,主要测试学生的对多种文体的阅读和欣赏能力等,考查学生英文修辞知识(包括对修辞技巧的理解、各类文体的赏析技能和判断能力等)、阅读能力和知识面、篇章理解和分析能力(包括对主题的理解和结构的分析能力、赏析能力、基本的逻辑和修辞方法、解决问题的能力等方面。

第五部分篇章分析,主要测试学生的篇章理解和分析能力,包括对主题的理解和结构的分析能力、赏析能力、基本的逻辑和修辞方法、解决问题的能力和语言组织能力等。

五部分题目既涵盖对学生基础知识的测试、综合能力的测试、还对学生主观判断能力、欣赏能力和思维能力等主观能力的测试。

试题要难易适中,试题分量
和覆盖面尽量满足教学要求的需要,既要有客观题型,又要有综合能力型题目,拉开了不同水平学生的成绩,又能使不同水平的学生有发挥自己能力的余地。

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