大学英语四级全真模拟答案(四)

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2019年大学英语四级模拟真题及答案4

Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points)1. A. Ann likes orange T-shirts best.B. Ann hates to wear an orange T-shirt in the daytime.C. Ann wears an orange T-shirt to keep mosquitoes away.D. The man doesn't like an orange T-shirt.2. A. To entertain himself. B. To go to other countries.C. To become more valuable.D. To broaden his mind.3. A. He turns a deaf ear to what the woman said. B. He agrees with the woman.C. He thinks the woman is thoughtless.D. He doesn't think she knows the direction.4. A. The car is not big enough. B. The car is not good enough.C. He only promised to buy a small car.D. He can't afford to buy the car.5. A. 350,000. B. 315,000.C. 3,500,000.D. 3,150,000.6. A. He will not take the shower before the meeting. B. He will not go to the meeting at all.C. He will have to attend the meeting.D. He will be late for the meeting again.7. A. He is in a bad mood. B. He is more efficient in writing.C. He enjoys himself more.D. He doesn't feel comfortable.8. A. He got to know it from government statistics. B. He found the fact on the Internet.C. Fie learned it from a gift book.D. He got the fact by studying in the library.9. A. He will persuade his parents.B. He will lie to his parents.C. He will go without his parents' permission.D. He will go somewhere else before going skiing.Section B ( 1 point each)10. A. How to take care of little babies.B. How to become qualified parents.C. A single parent should pay more attention to the baby's development.D. Many parents don't know how to help babies develop in intelligence.11 A. Watching them. B. Holding them.C. Reading to them.D. Playing with them.12. A. The first five months. B. The first year.C. The first three years.D. The first five years.13. A. She invited educational reformers to teach in her school.B. She invited teachers film Germany to work in her school.C. She went to Germany to find staff for her school.D. She asked famous scholars to teach the staff in her school.14. A. 29,670 B. 29,617C. 29,760D. 29,71615. A. They helped the poor children with donations.B. They persuaded the children to go to kindergartens.C. They taught the mothers how to teach their children.D. They taught children songs, poems and games.Section C16. What was the occupation of the advocator of the Metropolitan Museum of Art?17. Where is the present location of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City?18. Why have another six additional wings been built since 1975?19. The museum has collected more than three million objects in every known_________.20. Besides being a tourist attraction and an educational institution; the museum also serves as a place for_________.PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A (0.5 point each )21. In spite of the efforts of those industrious farmers, the local economy is far from developed due to isolation.A. capableB. ingeniousC. innovativeD. hard-working22. Because of the struggle put up by the Women's Lib, many women have found good careers.A. initiatedB. proposedC. supportedD. terminated23. The performance of these new employees will highlight the role of positive thinking.A. confirmB. emphasizeC. enhanceD. enlighten24. Our family stood in silence for a minute looking at the amazingly beautiful photograph of a human flag.A. surprisinglyB. indescribablyC. permanentlyD. uniquely25. The decision to strengthen intelligence collection is expected to minimize military casualties.A. informationB. intellectC. brainD. wisdom26. To me, St. Francis embodied the ideal blend of spirituality and public service.A. compositionB. mixtureC. elaborationD. speculation27. In the wake of such findings, several states are rethinking their plan to open these camps.A. Based onB. PrecedingC. FollowingD. Targeted at28. The staggering sum of money invested in this project failed to yield the desired result.A. fluctuatingB. increasingC. diminishingD. overwhelming29. It made me ask questions about life, death and mortality that ultimately helped me get through the disaster.A. decisivelyB. eventuallyC. somewhatD. somehow30. At that moment the first idea that came to her mind was that a disaster was around the corner.A. coming to an endB. still in the airC. soon to happenD. out of the questionSection B (0.5 point each)31. Do your children worry that they might feel pressure to _______your hero's image?A. come up withB. live up toC. catch up onD. add up to32. In the worst times of life, you have to take full advantage of the beautiful things that _______.A. come along B, come by C. come across D. come to33. Being critical and dictatorial, the boss would _____ discussions and ignore comments not in agreement with his.A. facilitateB. illustrateC. illuminateD. dominate34. Anderson held out his arms to ______ the attack, but the shark grabbed his right forearm and dived.A. turn offB. ward offC. trigger offD. call off35. Her excellent _______ of English helped her communicate freely with foreign partners.A. standardB. criterionC. evaluationD. command36. Because colleges can't take all students with basic qualifications, ______ to college is competitive.A. admirationB. approachC. admissionD. assignment37. Helicopters rushed to where Shenzhou 5 _______ for the rescue of China's first astronaut.A. touched downB. turned downC. settled downD. shot down38. The Chinese have achieved a great deal, but difficulties and hardships will long ______.A. tolerateB. bearC. endureD. withhold39. The belief that it's healthy to let oft steam no longer ____, for we are working under heavy pressure.A. holdsB. carriesC. takesD. stands40. Handbags made of _______ leather are considered old-fashioned and poor in quality.A. systematicB. syntheticC. sympatheticD. statisticPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)People go to evening classes as they want new challenges. Some people choose courses 41 to learn new work-related skills to move their career in a new direction."Evening classes are a great way of 42 your skills or gaining new ones," says Jessica Rolphe, training and development adviser at the UK's Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.In some 43 , what starts as a hobby turns into a career. This is what happened to Ginny Jory, who did an evening course in photography while working for a newspaper about one year ago. During the course, not only was Jory learning all about photography, she also met other 44 photographers and realized it was a great networking 45 . “I discovered that a colleague from work was doing the same course and we became great friends. We 46 doing a millennium exhibition together.”Finally, Jory left her job and is now a full-time photographer of fashion and 47.However, anyone thinking of doing a course with a specific outcome in mind needs to be sure that it will 48 what they want before enrolling. “Do your research 49 advance," advises Rolphe. "'Make sure you are doing a course that really is 50 and that the institute you are doing it at is highly respected."41. A. separately B. spiritually C. specifically D. socially42. A. updating B. uprising C. uprooting D. upholding43. A. terms B. occasions C. consequences D. cases44. A. perspiring B. aspiring C. expiring D. conspiring45. A. specialty B. phase C. opportunity D. period46. A. gave in B. ended up C. ceased to D. resulted from47. A. qualifications B. characters C. portraits D. personalities48. A. deliver B. delight C. determine D. detect49. A. up B. for C. into D. in50. A. redundant B. reserved C. resolved D. relevantPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneThe worst thing about television and radio is that they entertain us, saving us the trouble of entertaining ourselves.A hundred years ago, before all these devices were invented, if a person wanted to entertain himself with a song or a piece of music, he would have to do the singing himself or pick up a violin and play it. Now, all he has to do is turn on the radio or TV. As a result, singing and music have declined.Italians used to sing all the time. Now, they only do it in Hollywood movies. Indian movies are mostly a series of songs and dances wrapped around silly stories. As a result, they don't do much singing in Indian villages anymore. Indeed, ever since radio first came to life, there has been a terrible decline in amateur singing throughout the world.There are two reasons for this sad decline: One, human beings are astonishingly lazy. Put a lift in a building, and people would rather take it than climb even two flights of steps. Similarly, invent a machine that sings, and people would rather let the machine sing than sing themselves. The other reason is people are easily embarrassed. When there is a famous, talented musician readily available by pushing a button, which amateur violinist or pianist would want to try to entertain family or friends by himself ?These earnest reflections came to me recently when two CDs arrived in the mail: They are historic recordings of famous writers reading their own works. It was thrilling to hear the voices from a long dead past in the late 19th century. But today, reading out loud anything is no longer common. Today, we sing songs to our children until they are about two, we read simple books to them till they are about five, and once they have learnt to read themselves, we become deaf. We're alive only to the sound of the TV and the stereo.I count myself extremely lucky to have been born before TV became so common. 1 was about six before TV appeared. To keep us entertained, my mother had to do a good deal of singing and tell us endless tales. It was the same in many other homes. People spoke a language; they sang it, they recited it; it was something they could feel.Professional actors’performance is extraordinarily revealing. But I still prefer my own reading. Because it's mine. For the same reason, people find karaoke liberating. It is almost the only electronic thing that gives them back their own voice. Even if their voices are hoarse and hopelessly out of tune. At least it is meaningful self-entertainment.51. The main idea of this passage is that ____________.A. TV and radio can amuse us with beautiful songs and musicB. TV and radio have weakened our interest in entertaining ourselvesC. people should not be too lazy or embarrassed to singD. parents should sing songs and read books aloud to their children52. According to the passage, Italians _________.A. only sing songs in HollywoodB. are no longer fond of musicC. only sing and dance in villagesD. don't sing much nowadays53. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the decline in amateur singing?A. It is easier for people to please themselves with songs through TV.B. People don't want to take the trouble to sing songs themselves.C. Amateurs feel shy if they cannot sing as well as the professionals.D. Famous and talented musicians are always willing to entertain people:54. On hearing the voices of the famous writers of a long time past, the author was _______.A. very excitedB. very frightenedC. very nervousD. very surprised55. By stating “We are alive only to the sound of the TV and the stereo", the author means _______.A. we come back to life at the music provided by the TV and the stereoB. we only perceive the music provided by the TV and the stereoC. we should sing more than listen to the TV and the stereoD. we should listen to more music on the TV and the stereo56. The author's attitude toward karaoke is ________.A. negativeB. positiveC. neutralD. indifferentPassage TwoIf those “mad moments”-- when you can't recall what your friend has told you or where you left your keys--are becoming more frequent, mental exercises and a healthy brain diet may help.Just as bodies require more maintenance with the passing years, so do brains, which scientists now know show signs of aging as early as the 20s and 30s. "'Brain aging starts at a very young age, younger than any of us have imagined and these processes continue gradually over the years," said Dr. Gary Small, the director of the Center on Aging at the University of California, Los Angeles. "I'm convinced that it is never too early to get started on a mental or brain-fitness program," he added.In his book, "The Memory Bible," the 51-year-old neuroscientist lists what he refers to as the 10 commandments for keeping the brain young. They include training memory, building skills, minimizing stress, mental exercises, brain food and a healthy lifestyle. It's a game plan for keeping brain Cells sparking and neural networks in tip-top shape.“Misplacing your keys a couple of times doesn't mean you should start labeling your cabinets. Memory loss is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Our brains can fight back," he said.Small provides the weapons for a full-scale attack. According to him, simple memory tests give an indication of what you are up against and tools such as look, snap and connect are designed to make sure that important things such as names and dates are never forgotten. “So if you want to learn names and faces, for example, you meet Mrs. Beatty and you notice a distinguishing facial feature, maybe a prominent eyebrow,”said Small. “You associate the first thing that comes to mind. I think of the actor Warren Beatty so I create a mental snapshot of Warren Beatty kissing her brow.”Small admits it may sound a bit strange but he says it works. “Mental exercises could be anything from doing crossword puzzles and writing with your left hand if you are right handed or learning a language. It could be anything that is fun that people enjoy doing", he added.He also recommends physical exercise, a low-fat diet and eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as fish, walnuts and Brazil nuts, and fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants (抗氧化剂) including blueberries and onions in addition to reducing stress.57. The “mad moments” in the first paragraph refers to when we __________.A. have some mental problemsB. have lost our important thingsC. don't listen to what our friends tell us to doD. fail to remember what should be remembered58. In this passage, the author mainly tells us that __________.A. everyone can be forgetful sometimes regardless of one's ageB. we can prevent our sound mind from aging with certain methodsC. brain aging starts from the time when we are in our 20s and 30sD. memory loss is a sign that shows we are getting old59. According to this passage, ____________.A. the game plan for keeping brain cells sparking doesn't work for everyoneB. Dr. Small's memory tests can show you what to do about brain agingC. Dr. Small's advice can help us fight brain aging effectivelyD. our brains can reconstruct memories themselves60. In the fifth paragraph, the author mainly__________.A. provides us with the weapons for attacking othersB. introduces the tools that help us fight against memory lossC. tells us about the important things we should never forgetD. explains the facial features useful for us to remember people61. By saying “I think of the actor Warren Beatty so I create .. her brow", Dr. Small is trying to explain how to use the memory tool of _________.A. impressing rapidlyB. minimizing stressC. connecting related thingsD. observing carefully62. According to Dr. Small, ____________________.A. left-handers may start brain aging later than right-handers doB. learning a foreign language does not help to keep our brain from getting oldC. doing crossword puzzles is the best way to keep us from memory lossD. mental exercises plus healthy diet alone cannot keep us from brain agingPassage ThreeThrough the years, our view of what leadership is and who can exercise it has changed considerably. Leadership competencies have remained constant, but our understanding of what it is, how it works, and the ways in which people learn to apply it has shifted. We do have the beginnings of a general theory of leadership, from history and social research and above all from the thoughts of reflective practitioners such as Moses, Julius Caesar, and James Madison, and in our own time from such disparate sources of wisdom as Gandhi, Winston Churchill, Mao Tse-tung, and Henry Kissinger, who have very little in common except that they have not only been there but tried with some fairness to speculate on paper about it.But tales and reflective observation are not enough except to convince us that leaders are physically strong and abnormally hard workers. Today we are a little closer to understanding how and who people lead, but it wasn't easy getting there. Decades of academic analysis have given us more than 350 definitions of leadership. Literally thousands of empirical investigations of leaders have been conducted in the last seventy-five years alone, but no clear understanding exists as to what distinguishes leaders from non-leaders, and perhaps more important, what distinguishes effective leaders from ineffective leaders and effective organizations from ineffective organizations.Never have so many labored so long to say so little. Multiple interpretations of leadership exist, each providing a fragment of insight but each remaining an incomplete and wholly inadequate explanation. Most of these definitions don't agree with each other, and many of them would seem quite remote to the leaders whose skills are being examined. Definitions reflect fashions, political tides and academic trends. They don't always reflect reality and sometimes they just represent nonsense. It's as if what Braque once said about art is also true of leadership: “The only thing that matters in art is the part that cannot be explained.”Many theories of leadership have come and gone. Some looked at the leader. Some looked at the situation. None has stood the test of time. With such a track record, it is understandable why leadership research and theory have been so frustrating as to deserve the label “the La Brea Tar Pits” of organizational inquiry. Located in Los Angeles, these asphalt pits house the remains of a long sequenceof prehistoric animals that came to investigate but never left the area.63. In regard of leadership competencies, the author suggests that people have ________.A. believed in their existenceB. learned to apply them extensivelyC. found it very difficult to acquire themD. been unable to realize their importance64. Several big names are mentioned in the first paragraph mainly to show theirA. different styles of leadershipB. effective exercise of leadershipC. contributions to the theory of leadershipD. wisdom in applying the theory of leadership65. According to the author, people's opinions of leadership are on the whole quite_________.A. dividedB. originalC. misleadingD. sophisticated66. The author thinks that ______________.A. many people have labored to be leadersB. leaders are beyond our understandingC. the essence of leadership has not been graspedD. the definitions of leadership should vary67. “The La Brea Tar Pits” probably signifies things that____________.A. can be traced back to the prehistoric ageB. are traps for those who want to inquireC. are located in one place foreverD. don't deserve full investigation68. This passage is mainly concerned with _______________.A. the inconsistent theories of leadershipB. the famous leaders and their theoriesC. the changes in the trend of leadershipD. the inaccurate definitions of leadershipPassage FourWhen you leave a job with a traditional pension, don't assume you've lost the chance to collect it. You're entitled to whatever benefit you've earned – and you might even be entitled to take it now. "A lot of people forget they have it, or they think that by waiting until they're 65, they'll have a bigger benefit," says Wayne Bogosian, president of the PFE Group, which provides corporate pre-retirement education.Your former employers should send you a certificate that says how much your pension is worth. If it's less than $5,000, or if the company offers a lump-sum payout, it will generally close your account and cash you out. It may not seem like much, but $5,000 invested over 20 years at eight percent interest is $23,000. If your pension is worth more than $5,000, or your company doesn't offer the lump-sum option, find out how much money you're eligible for at the plan's normal retirement age, the earlier age at which you can collect the pension, the more severe penalty for collecting it early. You'll probably still come out ahead by taking the money now and investing it.What if you left a job years ago, and you're realizing you may have unwittingly left behind a pension? Get help from the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation. It has an online search tool that has helped locate $47 million in lost benefits for more than 12,000 workers.If you have a traditional pension, retiring early costs more than you might expect. Most people assume you take a proportional cut for leaving before your plan's normal retirement age. For example, you might think that if you need to accrue 30 years of service and you leave three years early, you'd get a pension 90 percent of the full amount.But that's not how it works. Instead, you take an actuarial reduction, determined by the employer but often around five percent a year, for each year you leave early. So retiring three years early could leave you with only 85 percent of the total amount.When you retire early with a defined-contribution plan, the problem is you start spending investments on which you could be earning interest. If you retire when you're 55, for example, and start using the traditional pension then, by age 65 you'll have only about half of what you would've had if you'd kept working until 65.69. When one leaves a job with a traditional pension, __________.A. he tends to forget that he has the pensionB. he has no right to ask for the pensionC. he'll have a bigger benefit than if he waits until the age of 65D. he has a specified worth of pension70. If the retiree's pension is less than $5,000, it is wise of him to________.A. ask the company for a lump-sum payoutB. require his former boss to figure out the value of his pensionC. take the pension with him and make a profit out of itD. collect the pension at his retirement plan's normal retirement age71. If one leaves early before his plan's normal retirement age, __________.A. he'll take 90 percent of the total amount of his pensionB. he'll have half of his pension paymentsC. he'll have his pension payment reduced by 5% a yearD. he'll have only 85 percent of his full pension72. If one retires early with a defined-contribution plan, he is expected to_________.A. earn less interestB. be better off than with a traditional pensionC. start investment immediatelyD. get less Social Security benefits73. Which of the following can be used as the subtitle for the last three paragraphs?A. Your Payout Is Not GuaranteedB. The Retirement DilemmaC. Leave Early, Lose BigD. Take the Pension with You74. Which of the following is NOT true?A. If one leaves 3 years early on a 30-year-service basis, he won't get a pension worth 27/30ths.B. It pays to get an early retirement if one understands how retirement pension plan works.C. The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation helps the retiree to recover lost benefits.D. If one keeps his expenses within his retirement framework, he won't be severely affected.Passage FiveIn a landmark decision, U.S. District Judge Leonie Brinkema ruled November 23, 1998, in Mainstream Loudown v. Board of Trustees of the Loudown County Library that the use of blocking software to restrict internet access in public libraries is unconstitutional. Despite the library's claims that its actions were justified in the name of “protecting minors from harmful content,” Judge Brinkema ruled that the library could not reduce adult access to standards established for children.“The use of blocking software in libraries offends the guarantee of free speech," she ruled, and “constitutes a prior restraint”on all speech. The Loudown County X-Stop software blocked access to a wide range of websites, including those of Quakers, the conservative Heritage Foundation, and AIDS education groups, as well as information about banned books and safe sex.Relying on Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union, Brinkema rejected arguments that the installation of such filtering devices constitutes "a library acquisition decision, to which the First Amendment does not apply." She pointed out that, since the library had originally provided uncensored Internet access and had then taken specific actions to limit it, the situation was analogous to the removal of library materials. The result, she said, was similar to "a collection of encyclopedias from which defendants have laboriously revised portions deemed unfit for library patrons."Although Brinkema's decision will have a major impact on the development of library policies nationwide, there is a crucial underlying problem that cannot be resolved through the legal process. Filtering software is created and produced by private companies that are quite eager and happy to make, all the decisions for us. And by purchasing and installing their products, we are agreeing to let them do just that. It is to these private companies we are surrendering selection and access to the Internet's hugedatabase of electronic information. This means that even the staffs at public libraries have no role in the selection process.The Washington Coalition Against Censorship's new original T-shirt design advocates the only solution we can trust to preserve our First Amendment liberties: “Use your brain: the filter you were born with.”75. The passage is mainly concerned with __________.A. whether it is legal to install computer software in public librariesB. whether libraries have to remove materials they consider harmfulC. what reading materials public libraries should provide to their patronsD. what kind of online services public libraries should offer their readers76. One of the defendant's arguments is that __________.A. the First Amendment does not apply to library purchasing decisionsB. certain materials have to be filtered to protect the ethnic minoritiesC. adults are guaranteed greater freedom to information than childrenD. the library intends to give their readers only healthy information77. Which of the following statements is NOT true of X-Stop software?A. It was purchased from a private commercial company.B. It denied both children and adults access to certain websites.C. It revised a certain portion of the encyclopedias in the library.D. Its installation in a county library was declared illegal by the court.78. Even after the 1998 court decision, the public still have to lace the fundamental problem of _____.A. giving up their freedom of speech on the internetB. having more restricted access to electronic informationC. not allowing the librarians to select reading materials for themD. letting the commercial companies decide what they would read79. The word "'uncensored" in the third paragraph probably means __________.A. freeB. timelyC. beneficialD. restricted80. According to the author, the decision about what is the best to read lies with__________.A. the librariansB. the individual citizensC. the governmentD. the legal courtsPART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)Although the Bush administration has pledged its commitment to have Iraqis run their government on their own, peace and order will be long in coming. On one hand, Saddam remains unaccounted for. On the other hand, surging violence, cases of bloodshed, suicide bombings and people's taking to streets to protest have pledged the U.S. in an embarrassing situation. Recently, President Bush has made some remarks that appear intended to address criticism from the Democratic presidential candidates that top decision-makers failed to anticipate the mounting difficulties lying ahead. It's hoped that the UN can get actively involved in the reconstruction of this war-tom country and play a more positive role in finding a peaceful solution to problems confronting Iraqis.Section B考研的人在英语上花的时间远远多于其他学科，希望英语分数越高越好。

全国大学英语四级模拟题04及答案

Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. Y should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。

选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。

2. 需要花时间去选择职业。

需要花时间去选择职业。

3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。

选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。

Choosing an Occupation ----------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------ 【写作思路】【写作思路】本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。

短文需要说明慎重择业相当重要，并提出多种指导择业的方法。

本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。

短文需要说明慎重择业相当重要，并提出多种指导择业的方法。

【参考范文】【参考范文】Choosing an Occupation One of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, from the time are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the maj ority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem. Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide wha would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or yo find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job. Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk ov your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions. Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and [D]. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Will We Run Out of Water? Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweepi up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages. Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. real. Thirty Thirty Thirty years years years ago, ago, ago, government government government planners planners planners diverted diverted diverted the the the rivers rivers rivers that that that flow flow flow into into into the the the sea sea sea in in in order order order to to to irrigate irrigate irrigate (provide (provide (provide water water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish. Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though suc projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and people will need more water in the next century. “Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacif Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the ye 2025, as many as one-third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water Goes Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Po director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice cap s. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosp then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow). Some Some precipitation precipitation precipitation runs runs runs off off off land land land to to to lakes lakes lakes and and and oceans, oceans, oceans, and and and some some some becomes becomes becomes groundwater, groundwater, groundwater, water water water that that that seeps seeps seeps into into into the the the earth. earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people liv fact, fact, the the the world’s world’s world’s population population population has has has access access access to to to only only only 12,500 12,500 12,500 cubic cubic cubic kilometers kilometers kilometers of of of freshwater—freshwater—freshwater—about about about the the the amount amount amount of of of water water water in in in Lake Lake Superior. And people use half of t his amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to Home Water woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face seri water water shortages, shortages, shortages, too too too especially especially especially in in in areas areas areas that that that rely rely rely on on on groundwater. groundwater. groundwater. Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater accumulates accumulates accumulates in in in aquifers, aquifers, aquifers, layers layers layers of of of sand sand sand and and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for wat faster faster than than than nature nature nature can can can replenish replenish replenish it. it. it. In In In northwest northwest northwest Texas, Texas, Texas, for for for example, example, example, over over over pumping pumping pumping has has has shrunk shrunk shrunk groundwater groundwater groundwater supplies supplies supplies by by by 25 25 percent, according to Postel. Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe a meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteri and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 aft drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting. The Source Where do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rive from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases. In In developed developed developed countries, countries, countries, manufacturers manufacturers manufacturers use use use 100,000 100,000 100,000 chemical chemical chemical compounds compounds compounds to to to make make make a a a wide wide wide range range range of of of products. products. products. Toxic Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.) But But almost almost almost everyone everyone everyone contributes contributes contributes to to to water water water pollution. pollution. pollution. People People People often often often pour pour pour household household household cleaners, cleaners, cleaners, car car car antifreeze, antifreeze, antifreeze, and and and paint paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists study ing water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste. Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollu water water as as as well. well. well. Farmers Farmers Farmers also also also use use use nitrates, nitrates, nitrates, nitrogen nitrogen rich rich fertilizer fertilizer fertilizer that that that help help help plants plants plants grow grow grow but but but that that that can can can wreak wreak wreak havoc havoc havoc on on on the the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of w er, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxy that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water. What’s the Solution?Water Water expert expert expert Gleick Gleick Gleick advocates advocates advocates conservation conservation conservation and and and local local local solutions solutions solutions to to to water-related water-related water-related problems; problems; problems; governments, governments, governments, for for for instance, instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone —governments and ordinary people —to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink? [A]The rivers flowing into it have been diverted. [B]Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland. [C]Government planners over pumped its water.[D]High temperature made its water badly evaporate. 2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects . [A]does more good than harm [B]solves more problems than what they created [C]does more harm than good [D]brings more water to people than expected 3.The chief causes of water shortage include . [A]population growth and water waste [B]water pollution and dry weather [C]water waste and pollution [D]population growth and water pollution 4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages? [A]living in rich areas [B]living in big cities but poor condition [C]depending on groundwater [D]bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind 5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries? [A]Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers. [B]Raw sewage into rivers and streams. [C]Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers. [D]Household cleaners poured down the drain. 6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water? [A]By covering the whole surface of the water. [B]By competitively using oxygen life in water needs. [C]By living more rapidly than other life in water . [D]By releasing hazardous chemicals into water. 7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems? [A]government and housewives. [B]farmers and manufacturers. [C]ordinary people and manufacturers. [D]government and every person. 8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages. 9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in . 10.In 10.In developed developed developed countries, countries, countries, before before before toxic toxic toxic chemicals chemicals chemicals are are are released released released into into into rivers rivers rivers and and lakes, lakes, they they they should should should be be be treated treated treated in in in order order order to to avoid . Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. E choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s m American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always the 47 of a town. This street was lined on the both with many 48 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardwa groceries. In addition, some shops offered 49 . There shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to 50 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street w too few parking places were 51 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car driving customers 52 . And open space is what they got the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls, 53 as a collection of small new stores away from crow city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 54 areas to outlying malls. And growing 55 of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shop malls malls had had had almost almost almost developed developed developed into into into small small small cities cities cities themselves. themselves. themselves. In In In addition addition addition to to to providing providing providing the the the 56 56 56 of of of the the the stop stop stop shopping, shopping, shopping, malls malls malls were were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment. [A]designed[F]convenience[K]cosmetics [B]take[G]services[L]started [C]heart[H]fame[M]downtown [D]needed[I]various[N]available [E]though[J]popularity[O]cheapness Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. F each each of of of them them them there there there are are are four four four choices choices choices marked marked marked [A], [A], [A], [B], [B], [B], [C]and [C]and [C]and [D].Y [D].Y ou should should decide decide decide on on on the the the best best best choice choice choice and and and mark mark mark the the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patter characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, val and and attitudes, attitudes, attitudes, manners manners manners and and and customs, customs, customs, aesthetics, aesthetics, aesthetics, technology, technology, technology, education, education, education, and and and social social social institutions. institutions. institutions. To To To cope cope cope with with with this this this system, system, system, an an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can b learned; its interpretation comes only through experience. The The most most most complicated complicated complicated problems problems problems in in in dealing dealing dealing with with with the the the cultural cultural cultural environment environment environment stem stem stem from from from the the the fact fact fact that that that one one one cannot cannot cannot learn learn culture culture——one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is business is business the world around, following the model of Pe psi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging. The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies an procedures procedures in in in each each each country country country has has has been been been compared compared compared to to to an an an organ organ organ transplant; transplant; transplant; the the the critical critical critical question question question centers centers centers around around around acceptance acceptance acceptance or or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myop even blindness. Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their reven overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situation but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know y adversary, know your audience, and know your customer. 57.According to the passage, which of the following is true? [A]All international managers can learn culture. [B]Business diversity is not necessary. [C]Views differ on how to treat culture in business world. [D]Most people do not know foreign culture well. 58.According to the author, the model of Pepsi. [A]is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around [B]is different from the model of McDonald’s[C]shows the reverse of globalization [D]has converged cultural differences 59.The two schools of thought. [A]both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures [B]both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries [C]admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world [D]both A and B 60.This article is supposed to be most useful for those. [A]who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity [B]who have connections to more than one type of culture [C]who want to travel abroad [D]who want to run business on International Scale 61.According to Fortune, successful international companies. [A]earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas [B]all have the quality of patience [C]will follow the overseas local cultures [D]adopt the policy of internationalization Part ⅤCloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C][D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding l on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new 67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets 68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on spot to 69 the news. Newspapers have one basic 70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from thos make it to those who want to 71 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 72 inventions brought competition for newspapers. So the development of magazines and other means of communication. 73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers o They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 74 and thus the efficiency of their operations. Today more newspapers are 75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to ma other fields. Besides keeping readers 76 of the latest news, today’s newspapers 77 and influence readers a bout politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’ economic choices 78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 79 .News-papers are sold at a price that 80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The 81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The 82 in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value advertisers. This 83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends 84 on the work of advertisers. This 83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends 84 on the work of circulation circulation department department department and and and on on on the the the services services services or or or entertainment entertainment entertainment 85 85 85 in in in a a a newspaper’s newspaper’s newspaper’s pages. pages. pages. But But But for for for the the the most most most part, part, part, circulation circulation depends depends on on on a a a newspaper’s newspaper’s newspaper’s value value value to to to readers readers readers as as as a a a source source source of of of information information information 86 86 86 the the the community, community, community, city, city, city, country, country, country, state, state, state, nation, nation, nation, and and world world——and even outer space. 67.[A]Just when[B]While [C]Soon after[D]Before 68.[A]to give[B]giving [C]given[D]being given 69.[A]gather[B]spread [C]carry[D]bring 70.[A]reason[B]cause [C]problem[D]purpose 71.[A]make[B]publish [C]know[D]write 72.[A]another[B]other [C]one another[D]the other 73.[A]However[B]And [C]Therefore[D]So 74.[A]value[B]ratio [C]rate[D]speed 75.[A]spread[B]passed [C]printed[D]completed 76.[A]inform[B]be informed [C]to informed[D]informed 77.[A]entertain[B]encourage [C]educate[D]edit 78.[A]on[B]through [C]with[D]of 79.[A]forms[B]existence [C]contents[D]purpose 80.[A]tries to cover[B]manages to cover [C]fails to cover[D]succeeds in 81.[A]source [B]origin [C]course[D]finance 82.[A]way[B]means [C]chance [D]success 83.[A]measures[B]measured [C]is measured[D]was measured 84.[A]somewhat [B]little [C]much[D]something 85.[A]offering[B]offered [C]which offered[D]to be offered 86.[A]by [B]with [C]at[D]about Part Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 87.There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means(想找麻烦). 88.Why didn’t you tell me you could len d me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的). 89. (正是由于她太没有经验正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation. 90.I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon. 91.If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力). 【答案解析】【答案解析】Part Ⅴ Cloze 【全文翻译】【全文翻译】谁获得了1994年世界杯足球赛的冠军?联合国发生了什么事情?批评家如何喜欢新剧?一个事件刚刚发生，街上就有报纸报道详情了。

大学英语四级全真模拟答案(四)

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌答案与解析Part I WritingHow to Get Prepared for a JobAs a result of the population booming in the past, the competition in job markets is getting much fiercer. As college students who are to graduate in the future, we must prepare ourselves when still on campus in order to gain an upper hand.There are several things we college students can do to sharpen our competitive edge. First, start preparing early. We all know that it is the early bird that catches the worm. It is too late to consider our future career upon graduation. Why not plan beforehand? Second, we should attach greater importance to our personalities such as honesty, cooperation and perseverance. They are more important than appearance in landing a job although it is advantageous to have a neat look. Third, we should make a close self-examination so as to know what our weaknesses and strengths are so that we can do something about them to improve ourselves. Lastly, we can take some preliminary training for the job we’d like to have. For example, if an English major wants to work as a certificated public accountant, he’d better acquaint himself with some financial knowledge while on campus.In a word, opportunity will only favor those with a ready mind. Just figure ou t what we’d like to do in the future and act accordingly.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)本文从失业这个话题入手，分析了失业的利弊。

2020年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案(共七套)

2020年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案（共七套）2020年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案（一）41. He ____have been nervous because he didn’t go straight in.A. ought toB. mustC. shouldD. had to42. I am quite sure that I can ____ Michael into letting us use his car tomorrow.A. speakB. talkC. tellD. say43. Jean could be a very attractive girl but she____to her cloth es. A. pays no attentionB. was paying no attentionC. paid no attentionD. had paid no attention44. When questioned by the interviewer, my mind went____, and I couldhardly remember my own date of birth.A. blankB. dimC. faintD. vain45. The textbook question as well as other issues is going to be discussed when the congress is in____again next spring.A. assemblyB. conventionC. conferenceD. session46. To drive a car safely, it is____good brakes.A. essential withB. essential havingC. essential to haveD. essential have47. As I regard it, you can widen the ____ of these improvements through your active participation.A. volumeB. dimensionC. magnitudeD. scope48. “Can you ride a horse?”“No, I never had the chance ____.”A. for learningB. for learning howC. how to learn itD. to learn how49. As electric lines were destroyed by the storm, they were forced to[CD#4] light for several days.A. go overB. go in forC. go withoutD. go out50. To survive in the intense market competition, we must____the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.A. improveB. guaranteeC. gearD. enhance51. “Maria has blisters in her boots.”“She____walking such a long distance.”A. was used not toB. used toC. is not used toD. did not used to52. In ancient times people who were thought to have the ability to ____dreams were likely to be highly respected.A. impartB. inheritC. interpretD. intervene53. It was ____that we felt tired when we arrived.A. a so long travelB. such a long travelC. such a long journeyD. such a so long journey54.____his poor record in school, the board thinks that he should study hard.A. In spite ofB. In charge ofC. In view ofD. In case of55. “What authors do you like?”“Shakespeare is____.”A. favorite for meB. my favoriteC. for me the favoriteD. the favorite of mine56. We hadn’t expected a power cut so we were astonished when the whole house was ____into darkness.A. divedB. plungedC. drownedD. dropped57. Without a (an)____passport a tourist is forbidden to enter a country. A. operative B. effectiveC. validD. efficient58. Although the town had been attacked by the storm several times,____was done.A. a few damagesB. few damagesC. little damageD. a little damage59. Before the tourists set off, they spent much time setting a limit ____the expenses of the trip.A. forB. inC. toD. about60. “Tina looks especially pretty tonight.”“Yes, she always looks her best in ____of that color.”A. dressB. a dressC. that dressD. the dress61. Despite the wide range of reading material specially written or ____forlanguage learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic program for the reading skills.A. appointedB. assembledC. acknowledgedD. adapted62. Internet, a____of millions of computers linked world wide, is the largest system serving e-mail messengers.A. unityB. connectionC. networkD. combination63. “ How dark your brother’s hair is!”“It’s ____mine when I was at his age.”A. no darker thanB. no more darker asC. not dark more thanD. not darker as64. It was surprising that the hotel looked rather shabby outside was luxuriously and____ furnished inside.A. artificiallyB. arrogantlyC. arbitrarilyD. artistically65.____he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky.A. UntilB. SinceC. WhileD. During参考答案41. 答案B【参考译文】他必定很紧张，因为他没有直接参加比赛。

2020年英语模拟四参考答案

英语模拟四参考答案一、1--5 CCBAA6—10 BAACB 11—15 BABCB16--20 DACBE二、21--25 DCBBA 26--30 BCABD 31--35 CDBCD36--40 CEADB三、41—45 ADBCB 46—50 DAADC 51—55 BABDC四、第一节56.waited57.handing58.but59.what60.them61.answers62. about63.silently64.problems65.given第二节66.my 67.and 68. up 69.the 70. as五、71. How is everything going?/How are you?72.Well, why did you go there?/What did you do there?73. You are always the best./You’re good at it.74. Whose poem did you read?75. It was educational.（言之有理，即可得分。

）六、The best view I’ve seenIf you look closely to life, you will find beautiful views in our life everywhere. Today I want to share the best view I’ve seen with you.That was a hot day. I saw two kids giving bottled water to passers-by on the roadside. I was wondering if they were selling bottled water to earn money. Then their mother came up and explained they were teaching their children to give without asking anything in return. Those who received water all gave the kids a big smile, saying thanks to them.The busy figures and kind smiles of the mother and her kids on that hot day were the best view I’ve seen. It is them who taught me to show my kindness to people around, hoping our world become more beautiful.听力材料一、听力理解第一节：听下面5段对话。

大学英语四级模拟试题四(附含答案解析)

范文范例精心整理大学英语四级模拟题四一二三四五六试卷总核查人得分Part One Reading Comprehension(2’×10 = 20 ’)Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.Passage OneAir pollution can spread from city to city.It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “ black snow” from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem.Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases.Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度） . There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’ t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach usfrom the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be bornwith serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals areapt （易于的） to take into our bodies from air,water,food,and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work.That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers.Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀） our buildings.It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all thisdamage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and forthe government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control.1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because.A. it may cause pilots to be illB. engines may fail from the air-borne dirtC. visibility is reducedD. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and .A. intelligence levelsB. birth problemsC. man ’ s behaviorD. the nervous system3. Scientists have not yet determined .A. all of the effects of pollution on the human bodyB. how pollution can be controlled successfullyC. when the atmosphere first became pollutedD. how some snow becomes black4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, .A. factories will be forced to stop operatingB. buildings should be protectedC. the earth will begin to grow colderD. more money should be spent to solve the problem5. We can conclude that .A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlledB. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in AmericaC. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problemD. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollutionPassage TwoStiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safe according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear“ sen with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well The motion is due to be debated at next month’ s conference. The motion states: believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment.Feet bear the burden of dai for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heelscan be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result oflower limb disorders.Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and foot,knee and back pain and damaged joints.Many employers in the retail sector workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code.More must be done to rais of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.”Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and saidthe extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace.“I ’need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,she said.“If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real,stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussin范文范例精心整理stilettos to divert tension away from Labor chaos.”Michelle Dewberry, a former winner of The Apprentice, said the motion was patronizing（自认为高人一等的）. “This is absolutely ridiculous and I think these union officials should be spending their time dealing with more important issues” , she said.“I’ m at work in five-inch heels and perfectly able to do my job. Heels are sexy, they boost your confidenceand they are empowering to women. I can’ t imagine these officials debating a motion abouthow tightly men should wear their ties. Wearing heels is a personal choice.”6. Which of the following best explains what stiletto heels are?A. Very high heels that women wear.B. Shoes with an inch heel limitC. High heels most appropriate for catwalks.D. Shoes most suitable for retailsector worker7.Why do the Trade Union leaders propose to ban stiletto heels from the workplace?A. Because they don ’ t want to have the workplace look like Hollywood.B. Because they think the stiletto heels give women excuse to ask for a sick leave.C. Because the shoes are believed to be harmful to people’ s health.D. Because they hold the idea that women themselves should decide what to wear.8. Why did Nadline Dorries criticize the motion?A. Because she feels the extra height helps people to find her.B. Because she feels the extra height improves her vision.C. Because she feels the extra height adds to her personal charm.D. Because she feels the extra height makes her more confident.9. What is Michelle Dewberry’s opinion on the motion?A. The union leaders should mind their own business.B. Women are perfectly able to decide what to wear.C. Union officials shouldn’ t have debates on any motions.D. Women will never be hurt wearing the stiletto heels.10. What can you infer from the passage?A. Union leaders care about women employees very much.B. Women think differently from male union leaders.C. There is going to be a heated debate over this motion.D. Height means power and confidence at workplaces.Part Two Listening Comprehension(35’)Section A(1 ’×15 = 15 ’) Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet line through the centre.11. A. Invite four people to dinner.B.Book a corner table for six.C.Give a birthday party in the restaurant.D.Book a table for four people at 6:00.12.A. Teacher and student. B. Patient and doctor.C. Customer and waiter.D. Husband and wife.13.A. Walking. B. Sightseeing.C. Driving.D. Shopping.14. A. The man lives in New York.B.The man enjoys his trip.C.The man is going to phone the woman.D.Someone is waiting for him.15. A. She will decide later.B.She doesn ’t care for either.C.She doesn ’t want to go out.D.She wants the man to decide.16. A. Frank ’s car was accidentally lost.B.Frank was killed in a car accident.C.Frank fell out of a car.D.Frank survived a car accident.17. A. At 8:30. B. At 9:00.C. At 9:10.D. At 10:00.18. A. Coming back for a later show.B.Waiting in a queue.ing back in five minutes.D.Not going to the movie today.Conversation OneQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. 80 pounds a month.B.100 pounds a month.C.Ranging from 80 to 100 pounds a month.D.180 pounds a month.20. A. 2 bedrooms with the kitchen and dining room separated or combined.B.2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room separated.C.2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room combined.D. 2 bedrooms without the kitchen and dining room.21. A. 0.5 mile.B.1 mile.C.1.5 miles.D.2 miles.22. A. Look for more houses that might meet their needs.B.Go to the ideal house and have a look.C.Talk with their parents about the rental fees.D.Sign the contract terms.Conversation TwoQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. Their different plans for summer vacation.B.A vacation without the sea.C.The silver beams of the moon reflected on the ocean.D.A group of tourists going to the mountain every summer.24. A. To go swimming every day.B.To stay in the mountains as usual.C.To go to the seaside.D.To enjoy the silver beams of the moon.25. A. He likes swimming.B.He will still go to the mountains this summer.C.He doesn ’ t want to go to the seaside.D.He will go to a seaside city alone.(1 ’×10=10 ’)In this section, you are going to hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 A. Lack of confidence.ck of intelligence.C.Carelessness.D.Absent-mindedness.27 A. To accompany his children on a train ride. 范文范例精心整理B. To have a holiday with his children on the beach.C. To take his children to visit a friend of his in a seaside town.D. To stay at home and take care of his children.28 A. He could not find his children at the station.B.He could not find the piece of paper his wife gave him.C.He forgot the phone number of his home.D.The train had already gone.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29 A. She told Peter to buy her an inexpensive gift.B.She told Peter not to buy her a gift.C.She told Peter to buy her an expensive gift.D.She told Peter not to buy any gift but write her a letter.30 A. The history and grammar of languages.B.Everyday use of language.C.Homes, work, coffee shops, elevators, and supermarkets.D.The relationship between people.31 A. The differences between the way men and women travel to different places.B. The differences in the way people treat others’ conversation.C. The differences between the way men and women communicate.D. The differences in the way people from different geographic areas behave.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32 A. He listens to music and makes music himself.B. He listens to music from early in the morning till late at night, at home anC. He goes to discos, parties and concerts frequently.D. He listens to music while he is having breakfast and doing homework.33 A. It makes young people neglect their studies.B.It causes clashes between parents and their teenage children.C.It is often too loud.D.It is often linked to young people taking drugs.34 A. Steve would take drugs.B.Steve ’ s hearing would be damaged someday.C.Steve would sooner or later get mixed up with some evil guys.D.Steve would become self-centered.35 A. Music has become a very important part of life for children and adults.B.Whether music is good or not to people depends on how it is used.Section B Directions:范文范例精心整理C. Teenagers nowadays spend less time on their studies than listening to music.D. Music has more negative effects than positive effects on teenagers.Section C(10’ )Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is readfor the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage isread for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36to43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required tofill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words youhave just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passageis read for the third time, you should check what you have written.（请写在答题纸上）Advertising is a way of bringing(36)to the public for the purpose of selling a product, a service, an idea, or an (37). The information is transmitted bymeans of (38) ___________ word or over the air. It may be presented as a simple (39)____________of fact, or as more often,it may be offered in colorful or even (40) language.All advertising is intended to stimulate people to do some (41)__________ things, such as buy a product, order a service, join an organization, or (42) ___________ a meetingand so on. Each advertisement is paid for by a person, a group, an organization, or a (43)___________ enterprise seeking to advance his or her goals.In a modern society,everyone uses advertising in one way or another. A person may obtain a job by answering a classified ad,or sometimes called a small ad. It is placed in a newspaper by those wishing to sell or buy something,lease or rent something,offer or get employment, etc. (44) _____________________ whose advertisements express ideas that attract him. Inchoosing food products and other items of daily living, he is usually guided or influencedby advertising. (45) ___________________________.Advertising has certainly played an important part in making modern goods and servicesavailable to the general public, it hastened consumer’ s acceptance of such new productsas cars,telephones,electric refrigerators,and frozen foods.(46) ___________________________________.Part Three Vocabulary and Structure(0.5’×20 =10’)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.47.Isn ’t this straw hat beautiful? My wife ________ it on her business trip to China lastyear.A. runs intoB. came upon withC. came uponD. comes acros48. The spokesman was merely given a _____ version of the document, so he didn’about the details.A. condenseB. condensedC. condensingD. condensable49.To be granted a substantial yearly bonus（奖金） is considered________ to getin pay.A. comparisonB. comparativeC. comparablyD. comparable50.The boss ________ him that she had no plan to let him go.A. insuredB. ensuredC. assuredD. sured51.Plenty of football and basketball clubs are eager to________young athletesgreat promise.A. smashB. sponsorC. steerD. spur52._________ fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.A. Would you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be53.Anyone without patience and _________ is unlikely to make a good researcher.A. persistenceB. consistC. consistenceD. pe54.The new secretary has written a remarkably ________ report within a few hundredwords but with all the important details included.A. briskB. preciseC. elaborateD. concise55. He returned to his hometown so that he could ________ his passion for football.A. indulgeB. breakC. limitD. ob56.From all the indications, it is safe to ________ that the prices of cars will go downby large margins.A. consumeB. assureC. resumeD. assume57.He tried to explain the complicated theory to me, but I got even more _______ by thetechnical terms in his explanation.A. encouragedB. confusedC. importedD. convinced58.As the clouds drifted away, an even higher peak became_______ to the climbers.A. evidentB. apparentC. visibleD. obviou59.She wants to drop out of college and become a singer, but her parents _______ very muchon her intention.A. frownB. emphasizeC. disapproveD. focus60.A peculiarly pointed chin is her most memorable facial _______.A. markB. featureC. appearanceD. trace61.I have bought so many new books this year that it’ s really difficult for me to ke_______ of them.A. accountB. recountC. constantD. count62.The theories of relativity have made _______ changes in our views of the universe.A. fundamentalB. ambitiousC. linguisticD. respective63.The lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion is _______ in her appearance but rude inher speech.A. excessiveB. elaborateC. elegantD. exaggerated64.The failure of the movie hastened her decision to _______ from the glamorous screen andspend more time with her family.A. retreatB. resignC. rejectD. replace65. Our _______ talks promise a good future for our cooperation.A. exteriorB. initialC. interiorD. invisible66.There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the _______from fall to winter.A. transmissionB. transformationC. transitionD. transfer 范文范例精心整理(72) ____________ the imagination.Not even Proctor & Gamble knows how many billions____________ of Ivory have been sold.The company keeps a precise count, (74) _ of the billions of dollars it earns.(75) ____________ sales of Ivory Soap, Ivor toothpaste, Folger’s coffee, and the hundreds of other products now marketed under theProctor & Gamble umbrella (76)____________ thirty billion dollars.Part Five Translation （写在答题纸上）(Directions:Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in bracke77.If you do have financial difficulties, __________ (你可以申请学生贷款 ).78.His mother insisted that __________ (他每月的零花钱不能超过100 元 ).79.His first debate on TV __________ (给听众留下了深刻的印象).80.It ’ s one thing to understand the principle, __________ (要付诸实践又是另外81.We bought a car last month, __________ (是用我的名字登记的).Part Four Banked Cloze(1’× 10=10’)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.（请在答题纸上写单词的代号）A. attainedB. exportedC. howeverD. beatE. pledgeF. independentG. importedH.activityI. inexpensive J. exceed K. bars L.campaignsM. annual N. furthermore O. holdIvory Soap is an American institution, about widely recognized as the Washington Monument and far more well respected than Congress. It had already (67) ____________ thisnoble status when Theodore Roosevelt was still a rough-riding cowboy in North Dakota.Introduced in 1879 as an (68) ____________ white soap intended to rival the quality of (69)____________ soaps, it was mass marketed by means of one of the first nationwide advertising (70) ____________. People were told that Ivory was “so pure that it floats,” and the notion took (71) ____________. As a result, at least half a dozen generations of Americans havegotten themselves clean with Ivory.So many hands, faces, and baby bottoms have been washed with Ivory that their numbers Part Six Writing( 15 ’ ×1=15’)Directions:For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topic Cost in Job-hunting. You should write at least 120 words (no more than 150 words) based on the topic sentence for each paragraph:1.大学生的求职花费逐年增高2.分析原因3.我的观点（注：作文写在答题纸上）大学英语四级模拟题四答案Part One Reading Comprehension(2 ’× 10 = 20 ’) 1-5CBADA6-10ACDBCPart Two Listening Comprehension (1’× 25+0.5 ×8+2×3 =11-15DCCBD 16-20DCACA 21-25ABACA 26-30DBBBB 31-35CDDBB36. information37. event38. printed39. statement40. emotional41. specific42. attend43. business44.A person may decide to join an organization.45.Advertisements may also influence his choice of a vacation spot, hotel, etc.46.It seeks to make each product represent a new and better way of life.范文范例精心整理Part Three Vocabulary and Structure(0.5’× 20 = 10’)47-51CBDCB52-56BADAD 57-61BCABD 62-66ACABCPart Four Banked Cloze(1 ’× 10=10’)67-71 AIGLO72-76 DKCMJPart Five Translation( 2’× 5 = 10’)77.you can apply for a student loan.78.his pocket money (should) not exceed 100 yuan per month.79.made / left a deep impression on his audience.80.it ’ s another thing to put it into practice.81.which was registered under my name / and it was registered under my name.Part Six Writing( 15 ’× 1=15’) Open.欢迎您的光临，Word 文档下载后可修改编辑.双击可删除页眉页脚.谢谢！你的意见是我进步的动力，希望您提出您宝贵的意见！让我们共同学习共同进步！学无止境.更上一层楼。

2021年大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析

之12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析一、选词填空题第1题：It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work，your coat when you are going to the cleaners，your credit card when you are shopping...Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you；now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the2 sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.A spokesman for the project said："A car mechanic for8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour，10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.[A] allow[B] instance[C] blank[D] industrial[E] frustrating[F] items[G] indicating[H] highlight [I] user[J] complicated[K] white[L] annoying[M] successful[N] articles[O] simple【参照答案】：略二、阅读理解第2题：What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home?The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century，canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range.Then，in the 1940s，work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home that ever before，setting the pattern of the working wife and mother. Unless family members pitchin with food preparation，women are not fully liberated from that chore.It's easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or take the family out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long，hard day. Also nowadays，the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people，as well as unmarried and divorced mature people，live alone rather than as a part of a family unit and don't want to bother cooking for one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast，it doesn't require any dressing up，it offers a "fun" break in the daily routine，and the outlay of money seems small. It can be eaten in the car-sometimes picked up at a drive-in window without even getting out-or on the run. Even if it is brought home to eat，there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy disposable wrappings. Children，especially，love fast food because it's finger food，no struggling with knives and forks，no annoying instructions from adults about table manners.1. Americans enjoy fast food mainly because ________.[A] it can be eaten in the car[B] it is much more tasty than home-made food[C] one only uses his fingers while eating it[D] it is time-saving and convenient2. It can be inferred that children ________.[A] want to have freedom at table[B] wash dishes after each meal[C] are not good at using forks and knives while eating[D] take eating time as a fun break3. Many Americans are eating out and not cooking at home nowadays because ________.[A] they want to make a change after eating the same food for years at home[B] the food made outside home tastes better than food cooked at home[C] many of them live alone or don't like taking trouble to cook[D] American women refuse to cook at home due to women's liberation movement4. According to the text，a drive-in window is a ________.[A] car window from which you can see the driver[B] window in the restaurant from which you get your meal in the car[C] place where you check the mechanic condition of your car[D] entrance where you return the used plates after eating5. The expression "pitch in with" (Line 2，Para. 2) probably means________.[A] complain[B] enjoy[C] help[D] deny1小题>、【对的答案】：D2小题>、【对的答案】：C3小题>、【对的答案】：C4小题>、【对的答案】：B5小题>、【对的答案】：C【参照解析】：无第3题：InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration in countering the threat of cyber crime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September，there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states，Calloway said. With advicefrom the FBI，each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry，the academic community and public agencies. Bands，utilities，and other businesses and government agencies will use a secure Web site to share information about attempts to hack into their computer networks. Members can join the system free. A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks.A "sanitized" description of a hacking attempt or other incident-one that doesn't reveal the name or information about the victim-can be shared with the other members to spot trends. Then a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's computer crimes unit to interfere if there are grounds for an investigation. Cyber crime has jumped in recent years across the nation，particularly in hotbeds of financial commerce and technology like Charlotte. "Ten years ago，all you needed to protect yourself was a safe，a fence and security officers," said Chris Swecker，who is in charge of the FBI's Charlotte office. "Now any business with a modem is subject to attack." FBI agents investigate computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon. com，CNN and Yahoo!several North Carolina victims have been identified this year. The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks. Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of companies to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile，too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility. Jack Wiles，who will lead the local InfraGard chapter's board，said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cyber crime goes undetected. Wiles，a computer security expert，has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files. "I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer," he said，"the Net is a wonderful place，but it's also a dangerous one."1. From the first paragraph，we know ________.[A] InfraGard is a protective measure against cyber crime[B] InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration[C] there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states[D] private business and the government are now committing cyber crime2. Each local chapter of InfraGard will be run by the following EXCEPT ________.[A] academic communities[B] public agencies[C] FBI[D] private industry3. By saying "too many corporations...speed and accessibility" (Lines 3～4，Para. 3)，the author means ________.[A] too many corporations take no notice of the security problem of computers[B] criminals are sacrificing security for speed and accessibility[C] it's very easy to sacrifice security for speed and accessibility[D] many companies suffer from computer hacking because they value speed and accessibility more than security4. All the following are reasons for the rise in cyber crime EXCEPT ________.[A] victims won't report intrusions by hackers[B] victims have no firewalls[C] the use of modem is increasing[D] companies don't pay enough attention to security5. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.[A] not all hacking attempts are worthy of investigation[B] information of the victims is inaccessible[C] InfraGard chapters will be in effect by the end of September[D] was often disrupted by hacking1小题>、【对的答案】：C2小题>、【对的答案】：C3小题>、【对的答案】：D4小题>、【对的答案】：B5小题>、【对的答案】：A【参照解析】：无三、完型填空第4题：Today，most countries in the world have canals. Many countries have built canals near the coast，and parallel1 the coast. Even in the twentieth century，goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other2 of transport. These 3 make it possible for boats to travel 4 ports along the coast without being 5 to the dangers of the open. Some canals，such as the Suez and the Panama，save ships weeks of time by making their6 a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 7 on the coast；still other canals8 lands where there is too much water，help to 9 fields where there is not enough water，and 10 water power for factories and mills. The size of a canal11 on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 12 each other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water13 the keel of the largest boat using the canal. When the planet Mars was first 14 through a telescope，people saw that the round disk of the planet was crises-crossed by a15 of strange blue-green lines. These were called "canals"16 they looked the same as canals on earth 17 are viewed from an airplane. However，scientists are now18 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals. The photographs 19 from space-ships have helped us to 20 the truth about the Martian "canals".1. [A] off [B] with [C] to [D] by2. [A] way [B] means [C] method [D] approach3. [A] waterways [B] waterfronts [C] channels [D] paths4. [A] among [B] between [C] in [D] to5. [A] revealed [B] exposed [C] opened [D] shown6. [A] trip [B] journey [C] voyage [D] route7. [A] lain [B] stationed [C] set [D] located8. [A] escape [B] drain [C] dry [D] leak9. [A] water [B] wet [C] soak [D] irrigate10. [A] furnish [B] afford [C] offer [D] give11. [A] focuses [B] bases [C] depends [D] takes12. [A] cross [B] pass [C] move [D] advance13. [A] down [B] beneath [C] below [D] off14. [A] studied [B] researched [C] surveyed [D] observed15. [A] plenty [B] number [C] deal [D] supply16. [A] although [B] because [C] so [D] if17. [A] that [B] where [C] when [D] as18. [A] exact [B] definite [C] certain [D] decisive19. [A] held [B] taken [C] got [D] developed20. [A] find [B] expose [C] uncover [D] discover1小题>、【对的答案】：C2小题>、【对的答案】：B3小题>、【对的答案】：A4小题>、【对的答案】：B5小题>、【对的答案】：B6小题>、【对的答案】：C7小题>、【对的答案】：D8小题>、【对的答案】：B9小题>、【对的答案】：D10小题>、【对的答案】：A11小题>、【对的答案】：C12小题>、【对的答案】：B13小题>、【对的答案】：C14小题>、【对的答案】：D15小题>、【对的答案】：B16小题>、【对的答案】：B17小题>、【对的答案】：A18小题>、【对的答案】：C19小题>、【对的答案】：B20小题>、【对的答案】：D【参照解析】：无四、阅读理解第5题：Directions：In this part，you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7，markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10，complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.To Save Trees，Fighting One Alien Insect with OthersRusty rhea sighs wistfully as he talks about the beauty and peace of standing amid a grove (小树林) of deep green hemlocks in Appalachia，some of them up to 160 feet (50 meters) tall and more than 500 years old."This is a very special tree," said Rhea，an entomologist for the U.S. Forest Service's Forest Health Protection program in Asheville，North Carolina，"I was brought up here，and I don't want to see another species go by the wayside."The evergreen trees，a hallmark of southern Appalachia's national parks，are under attack by an invasive inse4ct barely visible to the eye but potent enough to fell the giants of the eastern United States' old-growth forests.Already the tiny bug from Japan，known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HW A)，has killed upward of 95 percent of the hemlocks in Virginia's Shenandoah National Park. Now they are making their way through the half-million-plus-acre (200,000-plus-hectare) Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee.The hemlocks shade streams，keeping water temperatures just right for brook trout (鲑鱼) and other fish. They also house birds such as the black-throated green warbler，solitary vireo，and northern goshawk，all three of which mainly shelter in stands of hemlock trees.Because of the insect's broad impact on the entire ecosystem of southern Appalachia，HWA stands to cause wider damage than the American chestnut blight (枯萎病)of the early 1900s. That fungus from Europe killed off the once dominant chestnut trees from the northeast United States tothe southern Appalachian Mountains.In addition，a species related to HW A，the balsam woolly adelgid，has already killed about 90 percent of the mature Fraser fir trees in the Smokies.Acting QuicklyHW A arrived in the U.S. Pacific Northwest via nursery plants from Japan in 1924. By 1951 the tiny invader had been found in Virginia. Since then the insect has spread to more than 15 U.S. states.The key to killing the HW A is to catch it early and act quickly. It's already well established in the Great Smoky Mountains，where Rhea and others are trying to stem the spread of the bugs.HW A multiply quickly：All of the insects are females that reproduce asexually (无性地)，laying several hundred eggs a year. When they get to the nymph，or crawler，stage，they are dormant from about June until October，after which they emerge and establish themselves on trees.Winds and birds and other animals spread the crawlers through the forest.HW A crawlers feed on the new growth of hemlocks by piercing the twigs that hold the branches，sucking the sap，and injecting toxic saliva. The needles turn from a deep green to a grayish green and eventually die，depriving the tree of nutrition from photosynthesis.An infected tree usually dies within five years of initial attack. Infection is signaled by either a white，cottonlike material that appears along a tree's twigs or by the "baldness" of a tree's upper branches.Plans of AttackIn the Pacific Northwest the hemlocks seem to be tolerant of the creatures' feeding，and in the cold northeast，winters seem to keep them at bay. But in the warm southeast，with weather approximating that of the insects' native Asian homes，they thrive.Chemical sprays-such as insecticidal soaps and horticultural oils as well as trunk or soil injections-have helped to kill some of the HW A infestations.But spraying must be repeated every six months，and injections are expensive and last only two years at most. These methods can't be used conveniently or safely in remote areas or near the streams where hemlocks grow thickly.Long term，the best way to control the pests appears to be releasing other insects that feed exclusively on HW A. Scientists have studied HWA in Japan and China and identified three such species. One of them，the Sasajiscymnus tsugae (St) beetle，was released in areas of Great Smoky Mountains National Park in .Studying what controls a species in its native habitat-including climate，predators，and host resistance-provided clues about which insects to use against HWA，said Kristine Johnson. Based in Gatlinburg，Tennessee，Johnson is a supervisory forester for Great Smoky Mountains National Park."Biological control is the only long-term hope to save the trees in the backcountry (穷乡僻壤)," she said. "We have 800 square miles (2,100 square kilometers) of contiguous wilderness. We value the native forest，and it's entirely worth defending."Risky BusinessReleasing one species of non-native bug to kill another could be risky business，potentially creating another type of infestation. But scientists first quarantined and studied the HW A-killer insects.They believe the St beetles are the best answer to the HW A problem and that they won't cause side damage. This tiny black female beetle，the size of a poppy seed，is already spreading in the Great Smoky Mountains.But the beetle and other HW A-killer insects are seasonal，so it will take several different ones operating year-round to keep HW A in check，Rhea said. He doesn't believe HW A will be completely eradicated (根除) but will instead be kept in balance by the predator insects. "We're trying to insert a balance in a system that's out of balance," he said.Each St beetle can lay 200 to 300 eggs，said Ernest Bernard，professor of entomology at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville.Bernard's laboratory is one of several that are breeding the beetles."Each beetle eats hundreds of baby adelgids a year," he said. And about 120,000 of the beetles have been released in the past couple years in the Smokies，but it is still too early to measure their impact.One good sign，Bernard said，is that some beetle larvae (幼虫) have been found in areas where they were not released，indicating that the HWA killers may be reproducing and spreading.1. The passage gives a general description of an invasive insect，HWA.2. Hemlock is a hallmark of southern Appalachia's national parks.3. The invasive insect，known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA)，is from Japan.4. The key to killing the HW A is to catch it early and act quickly.5. An infected tree usually dies immediately.6. The Hemlock in the U.S. will be saved from HWA soon.7. The long term，best way to control the pests HWA is spraying.8. Since 1951 the HW A has spread to more than________.9. Releasing one species of non-native bug to kill another could create________.10. It will take several different insects operating year-round to________.1小题>【参照答案】：Y2小题>【参照答案】：3小题>【参照答案】：N4小题>【参照答案】：N5小题>【参照答案】：Y6小题>【参照答案】：Y7小题>【参照答案】：NG8小题>【参照答案】：15 U.S. states9小题>【参照答案】：another type of infestation10小题>【参照答案】：keep HWA in check五、翻译第6题：It is time the whole society began to take action to ________________________(使咱们环境免于毁灭).【参照答案】：save our environment from destruction第7题：If we had set out earlier，________________________(咱们就不会在雨中行走).【参照答案】：we wouldn’t have walked in the rain第8题：When this semester is over，________________________ (我就能抽空读这部故事了).【参照答案】：I should be able to get around to reading this novel第9题：________________________ (在我设计出这个问题解决方案后)，I’ll submit a report to the committee.【参照答案】：After I work out a solution to the problem第10题：________________________ (我已得出结论)that it would be unwise to accept his proposal.【参照答案】：I have come to the conclusion六、写作题第11题：Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic：Online Education. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 当前网络教诲形成热潮2. 我以为形成这股热潮因素是……3. 我对网络教诲评价Online Education【参照答案】：Online EducationBeing online is no longer something strange in our life.To some degree，it has become part of our daily life. We can do a lot of things online，such as searching for information and communicating with friends far and near. But recently another helpful online activity has become very "in". That is online education.Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time?Among all the reasons，the quick development of the internet should be the essential one，which makes our dreams of attending class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today，modern science and technology are developing at lightening speed. To catch up with the development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study. However，due to the great pace of modern society，many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aid.Personally，I appreciate this new form of education. It’s indeed a helpful complement to the traditional education system. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning. Most of all，with online education，we can absorb the latest knowledge while working.。

大学英语四级考试模拟试题(四)

大学英语四级考试模拟试题(四)Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic "TOEFL Internet-Based Test". You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 托福考试改为网考；2. 网考的利与弊。

Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage. N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage. NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage."The climate problem can by and large be solved if the eight to ten largest countries in the world can agree on effective climate measures," says Professor Jon Hovi.One of the themes at a recent climate conference arranged by the Norwegian research program RENERGI was how we can achieve an effective international climate agreement. Professor of political science Jon Hovi at the University of Oslo and CICERO has studied this topic for years. He argues that although the international community faces many obstacles in dealing with the climate problem, solutions are possible.Continue the Kyoto Process?Hovi doubts whether an agreement that would basically extend the Kyoto Protocol for another commitment period is the way to go to achieve more effective climate cooperation."The Kyoto Protocol has been described as a cautious first step, one that will make it possible for others to join in later. But key countries like the United States have little interest in joining an international climate agreement based on the Kyoto Protocol," says Hovi.One suggestion for increasing the interest for other countries to join the climate cooperation is to link the climate issue to other areas of international cooperation, such as technology, trade, or development assistance. But Hovi does not believe that such issue linkage will be reliable. For example, it is not in the best interests of the Kyoto countries to undermine the World Trade Organization (WTO) by introducing trade restrictions against countries that do not participate in Kyoto —such as the United States. Moreover, the WTO’s nondiscrimination principles make it difficult tointroduce trade restrictions against the United States and Australia but not against developing countries, which also do not have binding emissions targets."Besides, history shows that this kind of pressure rarely works on a superpower such as the United States," says Hovi.Another obstacle is that developing countries protect their own economic development. They will not accept binding emissions targets until the United States also reduces its own greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, the United States is unwilling to endanger the competitiveness of its own business and industry, and thus does not wish to participate in an international agreement that does not also include the developing countries."To overcome this particular obstacle, we should focus on climate measures that do not threaten economic development," advises Hovi.The United States is also doubtful about the UN system, and Hovi believes that an alternative international climate agreement should not necessarily be put together within the UN framework, as the Kyoto Protocol is.Point of Departure in American Climate Policy?Hovi believes that in the long run, a way to reengage the United States might be to base a future climate agreement on federal U.S. climate policy."The United States is often more willing to cooperate when it already has a national policy in place. For example, 'Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer’ in many ways represented an international extension of a regulatory framework that already existed in the United States. Thus U.S. business and industry acted as a pusher in the effort to build an international agreement."But the problem with this policy is that there currently is no similar U.S. climate policy at the federal level. Whatever policy exists is fragmented and formative at best. The Kyoto targets are costly to meet. Kyoto thus depends on effective enforcement. The enforcement mechanism that was introduced through the Marrakesh Accords is primarily based on a system whereby countries that do not meet their targets during the first commitment period are sanctioned by having to reduce even more during the second period. The problem is that there is nothing to stop a nonobedient country from putting off this additional emissions reduction —perhaps indefinitely.In addition, innocent third parties suffer when the sanctions are carried out. As a potential buyer of emissions permits and a major exporter of fossil fuels, Norway will be particularly hard hit, because carrying out the punishment will cause the price of fossil fuel to go down and the price of emissions permits to go up. Finally, whereas the compliance system will punish a country that is a member and reduces emissions, but fails to reach its emissions target, it provides no basis for punishing a country that declines to be a member and does nothing to reduce its emissions. Thus, the compliance system is arguably unfair.Hovi thinks that internationally it is politically difficult to achieve an effective enforcement mechanism. For this reason, it may be a good idea to focus on an agreement that does not need enforcement.An Agreement that Everyone Wants to Be Part of?Many of the proposed alternatives to the Kyoto Protocol resemble Kyoto in that they require enforcement. For example, this is true for regional climate agreements, an agreement based on emissions intensity targets, and an agreement based on harmonized carbon taxes. One type of agreement that does not depend on enforcement is an agreement where the parties commit to using emissions- reducing technology.Supplemented with agreements on technology development and transfer, an agreement on the use of emissions-reducing technology can set consistent technology standards in a way that makes it in the best interest of all countries to participate. Assuming that network externalities exist —that is, the costs or benefits depend on whether or not other countries also choose the same technology —then each country will want to use the same technology as the other countries.In short, the more countries that use a certain technology, the more attractive it will be for others to switch to this technology. An agreement can enable many, or even all, countries to switch to more climate-friendly technology simultaneously.1. The US Government recently held a climate conference with a theme of how an effective international climate agreement could be achieved.2. The United States has great interest in joining an international climate agreement based on the Kyoto Protocol.3. Developing countries won’t accept binding emissions targets until the United States reduces its greenhouse gas emissions.4. The United States is doubtful about the UN system.5. It is believed that developing countries will benefit most from the Kyoto Protocol.6. The Kyoto Protocol depends on effective enforcement because of the high costs to meet its targets.7. Internationally, it is politically difficult to achieve an effective enforcement mechanism.8. The United States _______________ when it already has a national policy in place.9. Many of the proposed alternatives to the Kyoto Protocol resemble Kyoto _____________.10. The more countries that _________________, the more attractive it will be for others to switch to this technology.Part III Listening Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(35minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.11. A) At 9:15.B) At 8:45.C) At 9:00.D) At 8:15.12. A) A new dress.B) A new department store.C) A new car.D) A new house.13. A) In a doctor’s office.B) In a shoe shop.C) In an office.D) In a hotel.14. A) It’s not as good as it used to be.B) It’s better than it used to be.C) It’s very bad now.D) It’s even worse than what people say.15. A) He will find a part-time job.B) He won’t find a part-time job.C) He has a lot of pocket money.D) He doesn’t want to make money.16. A) In the hospital.B) In the theatre.C) On the bus.D) On the taxi.17. A) He didn’t know there would be he avy snow.B) He didn’t know there would be so many cats and dogs in the street.C) He didn’t think it would rain so heavily.D) He knew there would be a lot of cats and dogs in the street.18. A) She didn’t want to move.B) She didn’t mind moving.C) She didn’t reply directly.D) She didn’t understand what the man said.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) A villa.B) An apartment.C) A hotel.D) A local family.20. A) About 14 days.B) About 5 days.C) About 4 days.D) About 3 days.21. A) In July.B) In June.C) In May.D) In April.22. A) Think over the price.B) Think about the place.C) Discuss with her friends.D) Ask for another travel agency.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Send him the information on after-sales service.B) Send him the booklet about the newest computers.C) Send him a list of software products.D) Send him the computers.24. A) 2:30. B) 3:30.C) 4:30. D) 5:30.25. A) 560-1287. B) 560-1288.C) 560-1278. D) 560-2188.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Americans. B) Europeans.C) Asians. D) Africans.27. A) Bars. B) Nightclubs.C) Some restaurants. D) Buses.28. A) Get lawful permission.B) Show proof of age.C) Pretend to be old enough.D) None of the above.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Close to coral reefs.B) Near the surface.C) In the deep waters.D) In the Dead Sea.30. A) The white great shark.B) The whale shark.C) The dog shark.D) The spiny shark.31. A) 20 feet.B) 26 feet.C) 18 feet.D) 15 feet.32. A) Use their eyes.B) Move in groups.C) Fight against sharks.D) Fly through the water.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) By educating its citizens.B) By careful design.C) By developing TV programs.D) By chance.34. A) Probably in 1951.B) Probably in 1961.C) Probably in 1971.D) Probably in 1981.35. A) Many Third World countries haven’t paid enough attention to birth control.B) The increase in the birth rate will promote consumption.C) The desire for consumption helps reduce the birth rate.D) Soap operas played a less useful role than family planning in birth control. Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In a foreign country, you’re a foreigner. (36)_________ to their ways.(37)__________ is everything. Enjoy the differences. That is why you travel. Don’t(38)_________ if something in your plan goes wrong. There’s always a way to get problems solved. Keep your sense of (39)_________.You can usually find some-one to help you or you can help yourself, (40)_________ when you don’t get too upset. Experience each place for what it is. These cities and towns aren’t just here for(41)_______; you’ll see factories and areas that aren’t always attractive. Don’t(42)_______ a place for not living up to your fantasies. Don’t expect Europe to look like your country, and get (43)_________ when you find the things there are strangeto you. (44)____________________________.You should know that dinner will be served later, that not everyone will respect a queue, and that service may be slower. You should be prepared to "go with the flow". Remember that when we travel abroad, everyone of us is an ambassador for our own country.(45)_______________________. Therefore, you should not show them the "ugly & rude"Chinese. (46) __________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Over 1,000 people 47 struck by lightning every year in the United States, and over 100 of them die as a result of the strike. Lightning is a very dangerous force that can even 48 you indoors if you’re in contact with the telephone or plumbing.49 lightning strikes the phone line outside your house, the strike will 50 to every phone on the line —and potentially to you if you are holding the phone. So, if you are indoors during a lightning storm, 51 off the phone. If you must call someone, use a cordless or cell phone —that way, you’re not in contact with any wires that52 out-doors. Stay away from plumbing pipes like your bathtub or shower as well. Lightning has the 53 to strike a house and pass an electrical charge to the metal pipes 54 for plumbing. If you’re touching those pipes or anything 55 to those pipes, that electrical charge has a path to you. This 56 is not as great as it used to be, because PVC (聚氯乙烯) is often used for indoor plumbing these days. If you are not sure what your pipes are made of, wait it out.A) run I) usedB) operate J) reachC) stay K) workedD) connected L) howE) get M) IfF) threaten N) abilityG) way O) travelH) threatSection BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices markedA),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice. Passage One Questions 57 to61 are based on the following passage.Some people describe American society as a salad bowl, while others see it as a melting pot. In a sense both are correct, depend ing upon one’s point of view. This ethnic multiplicity is a result of the history of immigration. Until the Immigration Law of 1924, the country was a "melting pot" of nations.In a bowl of freshly tossed salad, all the ingredients are mixed together. Yet they never lose their shape, form or identity. Together, however, the ingredients have a unity. They may be covered with the same dressing, but the green vegetables, tomatoes, lettuce and eggs can all be seen for what they are.From this point of view, America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups blend together, yet maintain their cultural uniqueness. They may work together during the day at similar jobs and in identical companies, but at night they may return to their ethnic communities where the flavor of their individual culture dominates their way of life. This is perhaps why there is so much diversity within America. Each ethnic group has its own special interests, language, food, customs and traditions to protect and defend. This idea of the salad bowl is referred to by sociologists as cultural pluralism.The other concept which is also used to describe American society is that of the melting pot. In this usage, society is like a pot of stew or a cauldron(大锅)of porridge(粥). All of the ingredients mix and blend together, losing their identity, and yield a bit of what they were to become a new reality. A pot of stew is very different from a bowl of salad. Within the stew, the meat and vegetables in the cooking process give to each other a bit of their own flavor. The longer the stew is allowed to simmer, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve.In this sense America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation. In such a culture there are dozens of shared symbols which serve to develop all of the various ethnic groups to create a larger unified culture. The flag, the national anthem and the Pledge of Allegiance all serve to break down the walls which isolate ethnic groups.The melting pot evokes another image: that of the colonial quilt which is made out of fragments of different material but fashioned into one blanket. Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot, America can best be described as a mixture of both; that is to say, a nation where there is unity in diversity.57. What has brought about the ethnic multiplicity in America?A) The salad bowl.B) The melting pot.C) Its history of immigration.D) The immigration law of 1924.58. The idea of "salad bowl" is best expressed in the concept of __________.A) cultural combinationB) cultural pluralismC) ethnic identityD) ethnic homogeneity(同种,同质)59. Which of the following is NOT a shared symbol of American society?A) The National Anthem.B) The American flag.C) The Pledge of Allegiance.D) Local neighborhoods.60. The concept of "melting pot" may evoke other images, such as _______.A) a knitted blanketB) an American quiltC) a colonial handicraftD) the American flag61. We can know from the passage that _________.A) in a society like a salad bowl, people from different cultures will lose their original identitiesB) in a society described as a melting pot, people from different cultures will not keep their original identitiesC) cultural diversity in America can be explained by the "melting pot" theoryD) in America, people from different cultures finally share one common unified culturePassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In most American high schools, the graduating students are referred to as seniors. This is the time to learn the social skills which will guide them through life and the social graces needed for participation in their adult life to follow.In this final year, therefore, the acquisition of the school ring is looked upon as one of the most important occasions of the year. The school ring somehow is a tangible(有形的,实际的)symbol which binds the student to the school and the memories of the four years spent there.The school ring for many students is very significant because it creates a sense of social binding among the class and is a remembrance of the imp ortance of one’s high school education. This ring is usually inscribed(刻)with the name of the student and engraved with the name of the school and the year of graduation. A semiprecious birthstone is placed in the center of the ring and there is established a feeling that with the ring there is a sense of belonging, a connection with the school and all the memories joined to that association.Besides receiving their rings, all of the seniors also look forward to their special privileges. These privileges are freedoms given to them by the administration, and are not granted to the students in the lower grades. These privileges are exceptions to the regular school rules and set the seniors apart from the rest of the student body. These privileges may vary from school to school, depending upon the principal’s generosity and liberal disposition and the trustworthiness of the students.For some seniors the privilege may be to leave the school at lunchtime to eat withother classmates somewhere in the neighborhood. If a school is located in a rural area such a privilege may be to park one’s car on the school grounds. For others it may be the right to leave the school after their last class of instruction for the day or to be in school only to attend their assigned classes. Some schools may even permit seniors a smoking privilege or the use of a student lounge where they can spend their unscheduled time between classes.These privileges are often integrated into the notion of responsibility. They come with restrictions and, if a privilege is abused, it may very well be revoked by the principal. In this sense a senior privilege is a challenge for the student to act in a mature and responsible way. The purpose of these privileges is to prepare the students for the adult world, in which they will have to make responsible decisions on their own.62. What is a tangible symbol of the bond between a student and his school?A) Graduation.B) The school ring.C) Social interaction.D) The four years spent in school.63. What is usually inscribed on the school ring?A) The school’s motto.B) The student’s name and address.C) A semiprecious birthstone.D) The student’s name.64. Who else at the school shares the seniors’ privileges?A) The freshmen.B) The sophomores.C) The juniors.D) No one other than the seniors.65. Which of the following may NOT be a senior’s privilege?A) To leave school at lunchtime.B) To leave school after the last class of the school day.C) To smoke in certain designated areas.D) To skip classes freely.66. What is the purpose of these privileges?A) To prepare students for the adult world.B) To make responsible decisions.C) To challenge the student to obey.D) To act independently.Part V Cloze (15minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Are there other forms of life in the universe? The scientific search for alien (外星的) life forms has been 67 by two recent discoveries. First, the discovery of life forms in 68 environments on the earth indicates that life is very 69 and can adapt to the strangest and most hostile environments. Second, astronomers found 50 planets orbiting stars 70 our sun. Are there alien life forms on any of these planets?71 alien life does exist, what might it be like? Would it be 72 forms of life such as bacteria, or more advanced, multi-cellular creatures? Would aliens be animals, plants or have characteristics of 73 ? Would they have arms and legs and walk upright 74 we do? Would they depend 75 vision as their primary sense or use another method to 76 information about their surroundings? Would they "breathe" oxygen or some other gas? Most of us 77 alien life the way it’s portrayed in movies, 78 aliens are commonly depicted as human-like forms 79 they use actors either to play the roles directly in make-up or to be models for computer-generated animation. Also, audiences relate to human-like aliens 80 than to more exotic, monster-like creatures. 81 , the human body plan —bilateral symmetry with one head, two legs and two arms —stems from when early amphibians and reptiles colonized the earth’s land masses, and it seems un-likely that 82 a shape would evolve in an alien world. So, let’s forget movies for the moment and 83 closely at the real science of astrobiology. Astrobiology is the scientific study of life in the universe. Astrobiologists 84 to understand (among other things) how life arose and evolved on the earth, what governs the way life is organized and what 85 a planet habitable. Astrobiology 86 the disciplines of biology, chemistry, physics, geology and astronomy. Often, astrobiologists must use the information learned about life on the earth as a guide for studying life elsewhere.67. A) kept B) advancedC) discouraged D) encouraged68. A) foreign B) harshC) different D) dirty69. A) strong B) weakC) easy D) common70. A) around B) besideC) besides D) from71. A) If B) SoC) Since D) Because72. A) little B) complexC) simple D) sophisticated73. A) both B) eitherC) all D) none74. A) through B) forC) although D) as75. A) in B) atC) upon D) of76. A) gather B) senseC) make D) spread77. A) consider B) pictureC) perform D) get78. A) what B) whichC) where D) that79. A) because B) thoughC) therefore D) how80. A) lower B) betterC) higher D) worse81. A) Whenever B) HoweverC) Further D) Meanwhile82. A) so B) notC) many D) such83. A) watch B) checkC) look D) see84. A) strive B) noticeC) note D) pretend85. A) leaves B) makesC) believes D) holds86. A) bonds B) confinesC) combines D) combatsPart VI Translation (5minutes)Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. The population of this town is ________________(过去人口的两倍).88. Perhaps this is the only way ________________(为不断增长的人口提供住宿).89. One day, a pupil came ___________(跑来找老师).90. It was difficult for him to _________________(像他过去那样料理它).91. Tom __________________(写信给比利说) that he hoped he would soon be well.大学英语四级考试模拟试题参考答案、听力原文及解析Part IWriting One possible version:TOEFL Internet-Based TestWith the number of people seeking to study abroad increasing, more and more people are taking the TOEFL in China. This year, all exam takers begin to take the TOEFL online.The change makes it quick and convenient for people to take the test. It also ensures that all people take the test fairly. This method allows more people to take the test at the same time. In addition, people can prove their language proficiency better than on the former TOEFL.However, this change will also bring some problems. If there is a power failure during the test or a connection problem, the test has to be postponed. For example, at the beginning of this year, a server failed when many people were waiting to take the TOEFL.This change is progress for the TOEFL. However, there are still many things that need to be improved.Part IIReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1. N。

2020年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案(共五套)

2020年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案（共五套）2020年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案（一）1. All of the plants now farmed on a large scale were developed from plants ____wild.A. that once growB. once they growC. they once grewD. once grew2. By the time you graduate, we____in Australia for one year.A. will be stayingB. will have stayedC. would have stayedD. have stayed3. He appreciated____the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium on Comparative Literature.A. having givenB. to have been givenC. to have givenD. having been given4. The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds ____his arguments in favor of the revision of the tax law.A. on which to baseB. which to be based onC. to base onwhich D. on which to be based5. Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, ____ water shortage is the worst. A. not to mention B. ofwhich C. let alone D. for what6. Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe ____it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A.so thatB. but thatC. provided thatD. in that7. Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives,____stress.A.so isB. as it isC. and so isD. the same is8. Victor took a bus and headed for home, ____if his wife would have him back.A. not to knowB. not knownC. not knowingD. not having known9. We can make an exception ____.A. in any case of JohnB. in case of JohnC. in case of John’sD. in the case of John10. When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China, his father ___ college.A. attendedB. had been attendingC. was attendingD. has been attending11. My cat is a fussy eater, but my dog is so ____that she’ll swallow down anything that is put in front of her.A. indiscriminateB. choosyC. indefiniteD. picky12. “This house is more ____than the federal government!” Mac complained to his parents. “You have rules for everything.”A. systematicB. democraticC. bureaucraticD. public13. The American people’s ____of being polite is different from that held here in China.A. mindB. conceptC. considerationD. thought14. Well, that is probably all I can say about sports. Next time I’ll take up the topic of some other ____activities.A. refreshmentB. entertainmentC. pleasureD. leisure15. Where there is an earthquake, energy is ____in one area alonga crack in the earth crust.A. repelledB. releasedC. runD. rushed16. The old gardener used to keep all his tools and do it yourself equipment in a ____in the garden.A. barnB. roomC. hutD. shed17. I’ve got a big coffee____on the front of my dress.A. poreB. patchC. stainD. grease18. She broke her leg, but the ____healed quickly.A. fractureB. injuryC. skeletonD. cavity19. You’d better add them up. I’m not good at ____.A. figuresB. charactersC. summariesD. counters20. The girl chose some very pretty ____paper for the present.A. coveringB. wrappingC. packingD.collecting21. The two scholars worked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for three hours ____last night.A. at lengthB. in fullC. on endD. in time22. I can’t read the marks and notes Jim made in the margin. They are too____.A.faintB. foggyC. transparentD. misty23. A highly organized system of irrigation is ____Chinese agriculture.A. typical ofB. consistent withC. famous forD. subject to24. Jack is very ____about wines.A. awareB. knowledgeableC. learnedD. informed25. As for Ann, I am not sure about her ____in Italian.A. fluencyB. clarityC. coherenceD. excellency试题答案与解析1. A) 【句意】大规模种植的农作物都繁衍于野生植物。

大学英语四级考试模拟试题四试卷

大学英语四级考试模拟试题四试卷阅读理解（共15小题，每小题3分，共45分）阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，从每小题的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

Passage 1The key to learning any foreign language is practice. It doesn’t matter how many books you read or how many grammar rules you memorize, if you don’t practice speaking the language regularly, you will never become fluent. Here are some fun and effective ways to practice speaking English every day.1.Talk to yourself in English. When you are alone athome or in your car, talk to yourself in English. Describewhat you see, think or feel in English. This will help youimprove your fluency and build your confidence.2.Find an English-speaking friend. If you have a friendwho is a native English speaker, ask if you can practicespeaking English with them. This will give you theopportunity to have conversations with a native speakerand learn from their pronunciation and natural way ofspeaking.3.Join a language exchange group. Language exchangegroups are a great way to meet people who are alsolearning English. You can take turns speaking in your native language and English. This way, you can practice speaking English and also help someone else practice their nativelanguage.4.Watch English movies or TV shows with subtitles.Watching movies or TV shows in English with subtitles can help you improve your listening skills and learn newvocabulary and expressions. Pay attention to how theactors pronounce the words and try to imitate them.e language learning apps. There are manylanguage learning apps available that can help you practice speaking English. These apps usually have features thatallow you to record your voice and compare it to nativespeakers. This can help you identify areas where you need improvement.Remember, the more you practice speaking English, the better you will become. So, try to incorporate these fun and effective ways into your daily routine and watch your fluency improve!1. According to the passage, what is the key to learning any foreign language?A. Memorizing grammar rules.B. Reading books.C. Practicing speaking regularly.D. Talking to yourself in the language.2. What can you do to practice speaking English when you are alone?A. Find an English-speaking friend.B. Join a language exchange group.C. Talk to yourself in English.D. Watch English movies with subtitles.3. What can you learn from watching English movies with subtitles?A. New grammar rules.B. Correct pronunciation.C. Writing skills.D. Listening skills.4. Why is it helpful to use language learning apps?A. They allow you to practice with native speakers.B. They provide new vocabulary and expressions.C. They help improve your pronunciation.D. They allow you to record your voice and identify areas for improvement.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Learning a foreign language is difficult.B. Practice speaking is essential for learning a foreign language.C. Language learning apps are the best way to learn a foreign language.D. Talking to yourself in English is an ineffective way to practice.完形填空（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下面的短文，然后从每小题的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

公共英语四级模拟试题及答案解析(4)

公共英语四级模拟试题及答案解析（4）(1~5/共5题)Part BRead the following text carefully and them translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.That low moaning sound in the background just might be the founding fathers protesting from beyond the grave. They have been doing it ever since the republicans announced a "religious war" in the name of "traditional values". It grew several decibels louder last week when george bush, at a breakfast of religious leaders, attacked the democrats for failing to mention god in their doctrines and declaimed that a president needs to believe in the almighty. What about the constitutional ban on "religious tests" for public office? The founding fathers would want to know. 1 What about Tom Jefferson´s conviction that it is possible for a nonbeliever to be a moral person, "find incitements to virtue in the comfort and pleasantness you feel in its exercise"? Even George Washington must shudder in his sleep to hear the constant emphasis on "judeo-christian values". 2 It was he who wrote, "We have abundant reasons to rejoice that in this land.., every person may here worship god according to the dictates of his own heart." George Bush should know better than to encourage the theocratic ambitions of the christian right. 3 He has claimed—to much ironic scorn—that when he was shot down during World War Ⅱand lay floating in the pacific for four hours, he meditated on "god and faith and the separation of church and state". But there could be no better themes for a patriot to address in his final moments. 4 The "wall of separation" the founding fathers built between church and state is one of the best defenses freedom bas ever had. Or have we already forgotten why the founding fathers put it up? They had seen enough religious intolerance in the colonies: quaker women were burned at the stake in puritan massachusetts; Virginians could be jailed for denying the bible´s authority. They knew Europe had terribly disfigured itself in a religious war recalled now only by its duration-30 years. 5 No wonder John Adams once described the Judeo-Christian tradition as "the most bloody religion that ever existed, " and that the founding fathers took such pains to keep the hand that holds the musket separate from the one that carries the cross.第1题第2题第3题第4题第5题下一题(6~10/共5题)Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. you will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test is started.Now look atPart A in your test booklet.Part AYou will hear a passage. Listen and complete the sentences in questions 1-5 with the information you have heard. Write not more than three words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions below. Play00:0002:58VolumeFor Questions 1—5, you will hear a monologue about a girl´s pursuit. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.The pursuit of my idealthe speaker´s birth place1the speaker´s would-be career 2the result of the speaker´s first application 3The rate of the applicants offered positions was less than 4The times of the speaker´s application 5第6题第7题第8题第9题第10题上一题下一题(11~15/共5题)Part BYou will hear a passage. Answer questions 6-10 while you listen. Write as simply as possible for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read each questions.Play00:0003:21VolumeFor Questions 6—10, you will hear a dialogue. While you listen, complete the sentences and answer the question. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below.第11题When the man last saw her, the woman was looking for第12题The woman get a new position in第13题The woman was relieved when she第14题The woman was surprised when she knew the man was第15题Now the man and Andrea have been dating for上一题下一题(16~18/共10题)Part CYou will hear three dialogues or passages. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing [A]、[B]、[C] or [D]. After listening, you will have time to check your answer. You will heareach piece once only.Play00:0001:57VolumeQuestions 14—16 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14—16.第16题Why does a newborn baby have to spend the first year of his life learning to listen?A.Because he tikes learning.B.Because his hearing center is still immature.C.Because his ears are immature.D.Because he wants to know how to use his ears.第17题What´s a newborn baby´s reaction to a loud noise near him?A.Get angry.B.Look away.C.Begin crying.D.Ignore it.第18题When does a baby begin to use more vowels and consonants?A.When he is pleased.B.As he grows.C.When he gets angry.D.When he hears other baby crying.上一题下一题(19~22/共10题)Part CYou will hear three dialogues or passages. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing [A]、[B]、[C] or [D]. After listening, you will have time to check your answer. You will hear each piece once only.Play00:0002:06VolumeQuestions 17—20 are based on the following monologue. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17—20.第19题According to the speaker, what should the listeners do as soon as possible?A.Find a roommate.B.Hand in applications.C.Go to Spanish house.D.Buy a meal ticket for the cafeteria.第20题Which type of housing allows cooking?A.Women´s dorms.B.Men´s dorms.C.Family housing.D.International houses.第21题Which place has no more room for students?A.Coed dorms.B.Family student housing.C.International houses.D.Spanish house.第22题What will the listeners probably do next?A.Visit the type of housing they like.B.Move into the housing.C.Fill out forms.D.Buy a meal ticket.上一题下一题(23~25/共10题)Part CYou will hear three dialogues or passages. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing [A]、[B]、[C] or [D]. After listening, you will have time to check your answer. You will hear each piece once only.Play00:00…VolumeYou will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. Questions 11—13 are based on the following dialogue about the nuclear power. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11—13.第23题What are the two speakers talking about?A.The benefits of nuclear weapons.B.The environmental pollution caused by nuclear-powered stations.C.The disadvantages of used fuel.D.The advantages of nuclear-powered stations.第24题Where is the used fuel disposed of?A.The United Nations Atomic Energy Authority.B.The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Organization.C.The United States Atomic Energy Authority.D.The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority.第25题Which is NOT the advantage of the nuclear stations?A.The nuclear stations are safer than the coal-fired stations.B.The cost of building the nuclear stations is more than that of the coal-fired stations.C.The cheaper running of the nuclear stations can offset its great construction.D.The nuclear stations are much cleaner than the conventional ones.上一题下一题(26~45/共20题)Section II Use of EnglishRead the following text. Choose the best word for eachnumbered blank and mark [A]、[B]、[C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1.Besides climate change, developing countries like China need to deal with energy 1 and environmental issues: the development of sources of clean energy needs to be 2 line with their interests. Clean energy has been given greater prominence than ever before; it is seen as a new industrial 3 and 4 of economic growth for the new century. The time for clean energy has come. In China, clean energy is moving ahead at full speed. Take wind power as an example: by the end of last year, China had 5 wind power generating capacity of 12.21 GW, making China the largest wind power generator in Asia and first in the world. But according to the research, one-third of wind power capacity is running 6 due to an inability to get the power to the national 7 .India-like China—relies 8 on coal for its energy needs. This will only change if the funds and technology to develop clean energy, such as wind and nuclear power, are 9 . India will not choose clean energy 10 , Nuclear power is currently the most 11 of clean energy sources. 12 , if it is to be 13 on a large scale by developing nations, technological advances will be needed to make it competitive with coal.Compared 14 developed countries, developing countries have more 15 choices when it comes to energy structure. Promoting economic growth requires 16 energy—and coal, the cheapest and most 17 source of energy for many countries—is the 18 choice. Cheap coal means cheap electricity and a competitive economy. Rising electricity prices would cause public 19 and impact on standards of 20 .第26题A.scarceB.scareC.scarcityD.scary第27题A.onB.inC.withD.along第28题A.revolutionB.evolutionC.advanceD.development第29题A.resourceB.reasonC.rootD.source第30题A.inspectedB.inspiredC.instigatedD.installedA.effectivelyB.regularlyC.slowlyD.idle第32题workC.gridD.mesh第33题A.mainlyB.significantlyC.majorlyD.vitally第34题A.providentB.providentialC.providingD.provided第35题A.by itselfB.on its ownC.voluntarilyD.automatically 第36题A.cheapestB.expensivepetitiveD.advanced第37题A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.FurthermoreD.Otherwise第38题A.adoptedB.adaptedC.adaptableD.admitted第39题A.toB.withC.in第40题A.limitedB.limitlessC.maximalD.minimal第41题A.expensiveB.muchpetitiveD.cheap第42题A.absurdB.abundanceC.absentD.abundant第43题A.goodB.bestC.firstst第44题A.discordB.contentC.discontentD.discomfort第45题A.lifeB.livingC.liveD.lives上一题下一题(46~50/共20题)Section III Reading ComprehensionPart ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A]、[B]、[C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.U.S. health officials are increasing surveillance measures at doctors" offices and international borders to guard against the spread of swine flu. Washington also has begun dispersing medicine from a federal stockpile.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says there have been only mild cases of swine flu in the United States, but experts remain on guard.Acting agency director, Richard Besser, says the epidemic in Mexico prompted U.S. doctors to begin monitoring actively for possible infections."We are asking doctors when they see someone who has flu-like illness who has traveled to an affected region, to do a culture, take a swab in the nose and send it to the lab so we can see: is itinfluenza, is it this type?" he said.Speaking Sunday at the White House, Besser said the extra detection efforts have enabled officials to find more infections than under normal circumstances. He also says he expects the number of infections will rise and the illness will spread to other U.S. regions, as doctors continue to monitor the problem.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says it does not recommend people travel to Mexico, where the outbreak of swine flu is centered and more than 100 deaths have been reported. But officials have not ordered a travel ban to the country.Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano says, instead, airlines have the option of screening passengers on flights from Mexico."We are letting air carders and our employees at the gates on those flights make sure that they are asking people if they are sick; and if they are sick, that they should not board the plane," she said.Denise Korniewicz, an infectious disease expert at the University of Miami, says officials should take bolder steps to screen passengers at international borders, as Japan and other Asian nations are doing."We have a very transient population here. And Japan has taken a lot of precautions. What Japan is doing is they are making everyone take a temperature when they get off the airplane," she said. "As far as I am concerned, I think that is a good idea."U.S. officials say they are holding off on more aggressive actions because the outbreak has been limited in the United States and they do not want to cause a health scare.Korniewicz says around the country health centers are putting in place emergency response measures aimed at limiting disease outbreaks.第46题What promotes American doctors to begin monitoring actively for possible infections?A.There have been serious cases of swine flu in the United States.B.S. health officials are increasing surveillance measures at doctors" offices.C.The epidemic happened in Mexico.D.Experts remained on guard.第47题When someone has flu-like illness, why will a swab be taken in the nose and sent to the lab?A.To find more infections than under normal circumstances.B.To examine if it is influenza or swine flu.C.To see if the illness is serious.D.To stop the illness spreading to other areas.第48题Why are people advised not to travel to Mexico?A.Because it is the most serious area for the outbreak of swine flu.B.Because a travel ban to the country has been ordered.C.Because more than 100 cases of swine flu have been reported.D.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention forbids doing so.第49题What is one of the precautions that Japan has taken?A.They make sure that they are asking flight passengers if they are sick.B.They are taking a temperature of every passenger when they get off the airplane.C.They are screening passengers on flights from Mexico.D.They are forbidding people travelling to Mexico.第50题Which statement is not true according to the passage?A.S. health officials are increasing surveillance measures at doctors" offices.B.So far, the cases of swine flu in the United States are not very serious.C.S. officials are determined to take more aggressive actions against swine flu.D.Besser says the number of infections will probably rise.上一题下一题(51~55/共20题)Section III Reading ComprehensionPart ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A]、[B]、[C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.The most subversive question about higher education has always been whether the college makes the student or the student makes the college. Along with skepticism, though, economic downturns also create one big countervailing force that pushes people toward college: many of them have nothing better to do. They have lost their jobs, or they find no jobs waiting for them after high school. In economic terms, the opportunity cost of going to school has been reduced. Over the course of the 1930s, the percentage of 17-year-old who graduated from high school jumped to 50 percent, from less than 30 percent. Boys—many of whom would have been working in better times—made up the bulk of the influx. In our Great Recession, students have surged into community colleges.So who is right—these students or the skeptics? It isn"t too much of an exaggeration to say that the field of labor economics has spent the past 30 years trying to come up with an answer. In one paper after another, economists have tried to identify the portion of a person"s success for which schooling can fairly claim credit. One well-known study, co-researched by Alan Krueger, a Princeton professor now serving as the Treasury Department" s chief economist, offered some support for the skeptics. It tracked top high-school students through their 30s and found that their alma maters had little impact on their earnings. Students who got into both, say, the University of Pennsylvania and Penn State made roughly the same amount of money, regardless of which they chose. Just as you might hope, the fine-grain status distinctions that preoccupy elite high-school seniors (and more to the point, their parents) seem to be overrated.The rest of the evidence, however, has tended to point strongly in the other direction. Several studies have found a large earnings gap between more and less-educated identical twins. Another study compared young men who happened to live close to a college with young men who did not. The two groups were similar except for how easy it was for them to get to school, and the upshot was that the additional education attained by the first group lifted their earnings. "College can"t guarantee anybody a good life," says Michael McPherson, an economist who runs the Spencer Foundation in Chicago, which finances education research. "But it surely ups the odds substantially."第51题In economic downturns, many people go to college ______.A.voluntarilyB.happilyC.reluctantlyD.with contempt第52题During 1930s, why did the percentage of 17-year-old who graduated from high school jumped greatly?A.Because they believed high school education is necessary.B.Because they couldn"t find jobs and they had no better choices.C.Because the cost of going to school was reduced.D.Because they believed high school education could help them make more money in the future.第53题According to Princeton professor Alan Krueger"s study, which is true?A.College education is closely related to earnings.B.The better college one goes to, the more money he will make.C.It"s reasonable to be skeptical about higher education.D.Alma maters mean much to one"s future fortune.第54题What"s the attitude of Michael McPherson towards college education?A.Skeptical.B.Supportive.C.Critical.D.Satisfied.第55题Which of the statement is true according to the passage?A.In recession, more youths will choose to work.B.All evidence shows that college makes the student.C.Economic downturns has great negative impact on college education.D.Studies mentioned in the passage show divided conclusions on the value of college education. 上一题下一题(56~60/共20题)Section III Reading ComprehensionPart ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A]、[B]、[C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Parents now have a popular belief that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, greatly different ideas about how to teach it or how much priority (优先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is that how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling.If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher"s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to "play safe". He will be prone to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That"s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personalexperience:"This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible (难以辨认的)." It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil"s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which included some beautiful expressions of the child"s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centred on the child"s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation (动力) to seek improvement.第56题Teachers are different in their opinions about ______.A.the difficulties in teaching spellingB.the role of spelling in general language developmentC.the complexities of the basic writing skillsD.the necessity of teaching spelling第57题The expression "play safe" probably means ______.A.to write carefullyB.to do as teachers sayC.to use dictionaries frequentlyD.to avoid using words one is not sure of第58题Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ______.A.students will be able to express their ideas more freelyB.students will have more confidence in writingC.teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakesD.students will learn to be independent of teachers第59题The writer seems to think that the teacher"s judgement on that sensitive piece of writing is ______.A.unfairB.reasonableC.foolishD.careless第60题The major point discussed in the passage is ______.A.the importance of developing writing skillsB.the complexities of spellingC.the correct way of marking compositionsD.the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition上一题下一题(61~65/共20题)Section III Reading ComprehensionPart ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A]、[B]、[C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.In the 1960s the West Coast became an important center for rock music. Los Angeles and Southern California are famous for sunshine and surfing. There, a quieter kind of rock called surfrock became famous. The Beach Boys sang songs like "Surfin" U.S.A. ", "California Girls" and "Fun, Fun, Fun". These songs made people dream about the good life in California.San Francisco was a center for young people and rock music in the late 1960s. This was the time of the Vietnam War, student protest, hippies, and drugs. Hippies talked about love and peace. They wore brightly colored clothes and had long hair. They listened to rock and folk-rock music. Drugs were a serious problem during that time. The deaths of three young rock stars, Janis Jopling, Jim Morrison and the great guitar player Jimi Hendrix were all related to drugs.Not all of the rock musicians came from California or the U.S.A. That was the time of the great British rock groups like the Beatles and the Rolling Stones. British rock musicians had a very important place in the rock music of the 1960s in America.Another kind of softer rock music was created by the singers. Singers like Joni Mitchell and James Taylor wrote their own lyrics and their own music. Their songs were about love and friendship, good and bad times.In the 1960s big rock concerts were very welcomed by everyone. The most famous concert was Woodstock. In 1969 in New York State, a million young people came together to hear the rock stars. This peaceful Woodstock concert was the most important musical event of the 1960s. After World War Ⅱa great number of black people moved from the South to the big industrial cities like New York, Detroit, and Philadelphia. Many black people lived in poor parts of the city such as Harlem in New York. Musicians wrote and sang about life in the big cities. Life was difficult but music and dancing made it a little easier.Popular black music had a strong beat for dancing. At first this music was called rhythm and blues. The 1960s called it soul.In Detroit, a black musician named Berry Gordy set up an all black record company. It was called Motown. Motown or motor town is another name for Detroit, where cars are made. Most of the famous soul musicians like the Supremes, the Temptations, and the Jackson Five recorded with Motown.第61题Where in the United States did pop music first emerge?A.The West.B.New York.C.The South.D.San Francisco.第62题What was the war affair in late 1960s that made many American young people love to take up pop music?A.The Korean War.B.The Word War Ⅱ.C.The Vietnam War.D.The Gulf War.第63题The term "Hippies" refers to ______.A.three young rock starsB.four Liverpool boysC.the rock group of the Rolling StonesD.the lost generation第64题American rock music of the 1960s was greatly influenced by ______.A.American country musicB.British rock musicC.Hollywood film musicD.the Hippies第65题How did the black people feel about the pop music in the 1960s?A.Terrible.B.Humiliating.C.Enjoyable.D.Holy.上一题下一题(1/1)Section ⅣWriting第66题Love is always an eternal topic on earth. To some people, if there is no love, one will live a dull and boring life. While other people believe that love is blind. Love is an sensitive topic on campus.In your essay, give your views on love in college.You should write 160—200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.上一题交卷交卷答题卡答案及解析(1~5/共5题)Part BRead the following text carefully and them translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.That low moaning sound in the background just might be the founding fathers protesting from beyond the grave. They have been doing it ever since the republicans announced a "religious war" in the name of "traditional values". It grew several decibels louder last week when george bush, at a breakfast of religious leaders, attacked the democrats for failing to mention god in their doctrines and declaimed that a president needs to believe in the almighty. What about the constitutional ban on "religious tests" for public office? The founding fathers would want to know. 1 What about Tom Jefferson´s conviction that it is possible for a nonbeliever to be a moral person, "find incitements to virtue in the comfort and pleasantness you feel in its exercise"? Even George Washington must shudder in his sleep to hear the constant emphasis on "judeo-christian values". 2 It was he who wrote, "We have abundant reasons to rejoice that in this land.., every person may here worship god according to the dictates of his own heart." George Bush should know better than to encourage the theocratic ambitions of the christian right. 3 He has claimed—to much ironic scorn—that when he was shot down during World War Ⅱand lay floating in the pacific for four hours, he meditated on "god and faith and the separation of church and state". But there could be no。

大学英语四级模拟试题四(附含答案解析)

大学英语四级模拟题四Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneAir pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem.Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases.Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers.Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control.1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because .A. it may cause pilots to be illB. engines may fail from the air-borne dirtC. visibility is reducedD. it brings a lot of black snow2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and .A. intelligence levelsB. birth problemsC. man’s behaviorD. the nervous system3. Scientists have not yet determined .A. all of the effects of pollution on the human bodyB. how pollution can be controlled successfullyC. when the atmosphere first became pollutedD. how some snow becomes black4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, .A. factories will be forced to stop operatingB. buildings should be protectedC. the earth will begin to grow colderD. more money should be spent to solve the problem5. We can conclude that .A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlledB. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in AmericaC. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problemD. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollutionPassage TwoStiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.”Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. TheTrade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s stilettos to divert tension away from Labor chaos.”Michelle Dewberry, a former winner of The Apprentice, said the motion was patronizing （自认为高人一等的）. “This is absolutely ridiculous and I think these union officials should be spending their time dealing with more important issues”, she said. “I’m at work in five-inch heels and perfectly able to do my job. Heels are sexy, they boost your confidence and they are empowering to women. I can’t imagine these officials debating a motion about how tightly men should wear their ties. Wearing heels is a personal choice.”6. Which of the following best explains what stiletto heels are?A. Very high heels that women wear.B. Shoes with an inch heel limitC. High heels most appropriate for catwalks.D. Shoes most suitable for retailsector worker7. Why do the Trade Union leaders propose to ban stiletto heels from the workplace?A. Because they don’t want to have the workplace look like Hollywood.B. Because they think the stiletto heels give women excuse to ask for a sick leave.C. Because the shoes are believed to be harmful to people’s health.D. Because they hold the idea that women themselves should decide what to wear.8. Why did Nadline Dorries criticize the motion?A. Because she feels the extra height helps people to find her.B. Because she feels the extra height improves her vision.C. Because she feels the extra height adds to her personal charm.D. Because she feels the extra height makes her more confident.9. What is Michelle Dewberry’s opinion on the motion?A. The union leaders should mind their own business.B. Women are perfectly able to decide what to wear.C. Union officials shouldn’t have debates on any motions.D. Women will never be hurt wearing the stiletto heels.10. What can you infer from the passage?A. Union leaders care about women employees very much.B. Women think differently from male union leaders.C. There is going to be a heated debate over this motion.D. Height means power and confidence at workplaces.Part Two Listening Comprehension (35’)Section A (1’×15 = 15’) Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.11.A. Invite four people to dinner.B. Book a corner table for six.C. Give a birthday party in the restaurant.D. Book a table for four people at 6:00.12.A. Teacher and student. B. Patient and doctor.C. Customer and waiter.D. Husband and wife.13.A. Walking. B. Sightseeing.C. Driving.D. Shopping.14.A. The man lives in New York.B. The man enjoys his trip.C. The man is going to phone the woman.D. Someone is waiting for him.15.A. She will decide later.B. She doesn’t care for either.C. She doesn’t want to go out.D. She wants the man to decide.16.A. Frank’s car was accidentally lost.B. Frank was killed in a car accident.C. Frank fell out of a car.D. Frank survived a car accident.17. A. At 8:30. B. At 9:00.C. At 9:10.D. At 10:00.18. A. Coming back for a later show.B. Waiting in a queue.C. Coming back in five minutes.D. Not going to the movie today.Conversation OneQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. 80 pounds a month.B. 100 pounds a month.C. Ranging from 80 to 100 pounds a month.D. 180 pounds a month.20.A. 2 bedrooms with the kitchen and dining room separated or combined.B. 2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room separated.C. 2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room combined.D. 2 bedrooms without the kitchen and dining room.21. A. 0.5 mile.B. 1 mile.C. 1.5 miles.D. 2 miles.22. A. Look for more houses that might meet their needs.B. Go to the ideal house and have a look.C. Talk with their parents about the rental fees.D. Sign the contract terms.Conversation TwoQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. Their different plans for summer vacation.B. A vacation without the sea.C. The silver beams of the moon reflected on the ocean.D. A group of tourists going to the mountain every summer.24. A. To go swimming every day.B. To stay in the mountains as usual.C. To go to the seaside.D. To enjoy the silver beams of the moon.25. A. He likes swimming.B. He will still go to the mountains this summer.C. He doesn’t want to go to the seaside.D. He will go to a seaside city alone.Section B (1’×10 = 10’) Directions: In this section, you are going to hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 A. Lack of confidence.B. Lack of intelligence.C. Carelessness.D. Absent-mindedness. 27 A. To accompany his children on a train ride.B. To have a holiday with his children on the beach.C. To take his children to visit a friend of his in a seaside town.D. To stay at home and take care of his children.28 A. He could not find his children at the station.B. He could not find the piece of paper his wife gave him.C. He forgot the phone number of his home.D. The train had already gone.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29 A. She told Peter to buy her an inexpensive gift.B. She told Peter not to buy her a gift.C. She told Peter to buy her an expensive gift.D. She told Peter not to buy any gift but write her a letter.30 A. The history and grammar of languages.B. Everyday use of language.C. Homes, work, coffee shops, elevators, and supermarkets.D. The relationship between people.31 A. The differences between the way men and women travel to different places.B. The differences in the way people treat others’ conversation.C. The differences between the way men and women communicate.D. The differences in the way people from different geographic areas behave.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32 A. He listens to music and makes music himself.B. He listens to music from early in the morning till late at night, at home and at school.C. He goes to discos, parties and concerts frequently.D. He listens to music while he is having breakfast and doing homework.33 A. It makes young people neglect their studies.B. It causes clashes between parents and their teenage children.C. It is often too loud.D. It is often linked to young people taking drugs.34 A. Steve would take drugs.B. Steve’s hearing would be damaged someday.C. Steve would sooner or later get mixed up with some evil guys.D. Steve would become self-centered.35 A. Music has become a very important part of life for children and adults.B. Whether music is good or not to people depends on how it is used.C. Teenagers nowadays spend less time on their studies than listening to music.D. Music has more negative effects than positive effects on teenagers. Section C (10’) Directions : In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. （请写在答题纸上） Advertising is a way of bringing (36) to the public for the purpose of selling a product, a service, an idea, or an (37) . The information is transmitted by means of (38) ___________ word or over the air. It may be presented as a simple (39) ____________ of fact, or as more often, it may be offered in colorful or even (40) language. All advertising is intended to stimulate people to do some (41) __________ things, such as buy a product, order a service, join an organization, or (42) ___________ a meeting and so on. Each advertisement is paid for by a person, a group, an organization, or a (43) ___________ enterprise seeking to advance his or her goals. In a modern society, everyone uses advertising in one way or another. A person may obtain a job by answering a classified ad, or sometimes called a small ad. It is placed in a newspaper by those wishing to sell or buy something, lease or rent something, offer or get employment, etc. (44) _____________________ whose advertisements express ideas that attract him. In choosing food products and other items of daily living, he is usually guided or influenced by advertising. (45) ___________________________. Advertising has certainly played an important part in making modern goods and services available to the general public, it hastened consumer ’s acceptance of such new products as cars, telephones, electric refrigerators, and frozen foods. (46) ___________________________________. Part Three Vocabulary and Structure (0.5’×20 = 10’) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 47. Isn ’t this straw hat beautiful? My wife ________ it on her business trip to China last year. A. runs into B. came upon with C. came upon D. comes across 48. The spokesman was merely given a _____ version of the document, so he didn ’t know much about the details.A. condenseB. condensedC. condensingD. condensable 49. To be granted a substantial yearly bonus （奖金）is considered ________ to getting a raise in pay. A. comparison B. comparative C. comparably D. comparable 50. The boss ________ him that she had no plan to let him go. A. insured B. ensured C. assured D. sured 51. Plenty of football and basketball clubs are eager to________ young athletes if they showgreat promise. A. smash B. sponsor C. steer D. spur 52. _________ fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 53. Anyone without patience and _________ is unlikely to make a good researcher. A. persistence B. consist C. consistence D. persist 54. The new secretary has written a remarkably ________ report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.A. briskB. preciseC. elaborateD. concise 55. He returned to his hometown so that he could ________ his passion for football. A. indulge B. break C. limit D. obsess 56. From all the indications, it is safe to ________ that the prices of cars will go down by large margins. A. consume B. assure C. resume D. assume57. He tried to explain the complicated theory to me, but I got even more _______ by the technical terms in his explanation. A. encouraged B. confused C. imported D. convinced 58. As the clouds drifted away, an even higher peak became_______ to the climbers. A. evident B. apparent C. visible D. obvious59. She wants to drop out of college and become a singer, but her parents _______ very muchon her intention.A. frownB. emphasizeC. disapproveD. focus60. A peculiarly pointed chin is her most memorable facial _______. A. mark B. feature C. appearance D. trace61. I have bought so many new books this year that it ’s really difficult for me to keep _______ of them.A. accountB. recountC. constantD. count62. The theories of relativity have made _______ changes in our views of the universe.A. fundamentalB. ambitiousC. linguisticD. respective63. The lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion is _______ in her appearance but rude inher speech.A. excessiveB. elaborateC. elegantD. exaggerated64. The failure of the movie hastened her decision to _______ from the glamorous screen andspend more time with her family.A. retreatB. resignC. rejectD. replace65. Our _______ talks promise a good future for our cooperation.A. exteriorB. initialC. interiorD. invisible66. There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the _______from fall to winter.A. transmissionB. transformationC. transitionD. transfer Part Four Banked Cloze (1’×10 = 10’)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. （请在答题纸上写单词的代号）Ivory Soap is an American institution, about widely recognized as the Washington Monument and far more well respected than Congress. It had already (67) ____________ this noble status when Theodore Roosevelt was still a rough-riding cowboy in North Dakota. Introduced in 1879 as an (68) ____________ white soap intended to rival the quality of (69) ____________ soaps, it was mass marketed by means of one of the first nationwide advertising (70) ____________. People were told that Ivory was “so pure that it floats,”and the notion took (71) ____________. As a result, at least half a dozen generations of Americans have gotten themselves clean with Ivory.So many hands, faces, and baby bottoms have been washed with Ivory that their numbers (72) ____________ the imagination. Not even Proctor & Gamble knows how many billions of (73) ____________ of Ivory have been sold. The company keeps a precise count, (74) ____________, of the billions of dollars it earns. (75) ____________ sales of Ivory Soap, Ivory Snow, Crest toothpaste, Folger’s coffee, and the hundreds of other products now marketed under the Proctor & Gamble umbrella (76) ____________ thirty billion dollars.Part Five Translation （写在答题纸上）( 2’×5 = 10’)Directions: Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.77. If you do have financial difficulties, __________ (你可以申请学生贷款).78. His mother insisted that __________ (他每月的零花钱不能超过100元).79. His first debate on TV __________ (给听众留下了深刻的印象).80. It’s one thing to understand the principle, __________ (要付诸实践又是另外一回事).81. We bought a car last month, __________ (是用我的名字登记的).Part Six Writing ( 15’ ×1=15’)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topic Graduates’Cost in Job-hunting. You should write at least 120 words (no more than 150 words) based on the topic sentence for each paragraph:1.大学生的求职花费逐年增高2.分析原因3.我的观点（注：作文写在答题纸上）大学英语四级模拟题四答案Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’)1-5 C B A D A 6-10 A C D B CPart Two Listening Comprehension (1’×25+0.5×8+2×3 = 35’)11-15 D C C B D 16-20 D C A C A 21-25 A B A C A 26-30 D B B B B 31-35 C D D B B 36. information 37. event 38. printed 39. statement40. emotional 41. specific 42. attend 43. business44. A person may decide to join an organization.45. Advertisements may also influence his choice of a vacation spot, hotel, etc.46.It seeks to make each product represent a new and better way of life.Part Three Vocabulary and Structure (0.5’×20 = 10’) 47-51 C B D C B 52-56 B A D A D 57-61 B C A B D 62-66 A C A B CPart Four Banked Cloze (1’×10 = 10’)67-71 A I G L O 72-76 D K C M JPart Five Translation ( 2’×5 = 10’)77.you can apply for a student loan.78.his pocket money (should) not exceed 100 yuan per month.79. made / left a deep impression on his audience.80. it’s another thing to put it into practice.81. which was registered under my name / and it was registered under my name.Part Six Writing ( 15’×1=15’) Open.。

四级模考及答案

大学英语四级考试（CET4）大学英语四级考试参考答案(恩波英语模考答案)Part ⅠWritingStudying Abroad With Low AgeNowadays, there is a trend that more and more children are sent to study abroad at an early age, some in high school and some in middle school.How to explain this trend? On one hand, with the development of economy, companies and institutions at home are giving more and more emphasis on overseas experiences. So, pursuing overseas study has become a kind of short cut in gaining a better future for a child. On the other, the rapid economic progress in the past few years in China has enabled more and more parents to afford the huge cost for their children’s overseas study.As for me, overseas study is a helpful way to get both advanced knowledge and necessary experiences, but overseas study at an early age is neither necessary nor beneficial. The students may be too young to either tend for themselves or think for themselves. I do think that overseas study can contribute to one’s self-improvement, but it’s better to be pursued after one has finished his college study at home, when he is more capable of learning and living on his own.Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1. B2. D3. D4. B5. C6. D7. B8. get rid of them 9. the formal dining room 10. regain her officePart ⅢListening Comprehension11-15 DDCDB 16-20 BCDCC 21-25 ABCAA26-30 BDCBA 31-35 ACCDC36. terrible 37. expected 38. pressure 39. embarrassed40. pretended 41. delighted 42. continued 43. illegally44. Fortunately I was never stopped by the police and the next time I took my driving test, I passed45. Anyway, I d been thinking about learning to drive and I persuaded her to let me have a go46. We were having such fun that we didn’t notice the tide was coming in until the car was actually swimming in thewaterPart ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)47-51 BHOLF52-56 IKDEC57-61 CDBBD62- 66 CDBACPartⅤCloze67-76 CADBBCBCDA77-86 DCBACABDBAPart ⅥTranslation87. their children were / had been taken great care of; Or: their kids were / had been looked after well88. the more modest he usually is89. that she realized it was too late to go home90. needn’t have borrowed it from the bank91. shall have left for London听力原文11. M: I’d appreciate it if you would send the report to State University as soon as possible.W: All right, Mr. Smith. But I must charge you four dollars as our usual fee.Q: Where did this conversation probably take place?12. M: Make 30 copies for me and 20 copies for Mr. Brown.W: Certainly, sir. As soon as I make the final corrections on the original.Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?13. W: I’d like to exchange this brown cloth that I bought yesterday for the blue one.M: Let’s see now. The blue one is only ＄10.30. The brown one is ＄11.60.Q: How much money does the clerk owe the woman?14. M: I didn’t know till recently that Helen was going to be engaged to John, that rude guy.W: That took us all by surprise.Q: What does the woman say about Helen?15. W: I hope we have a good view.M: I’ve got some great tickets. Right behind the goal. Perfect view!Q: What are they probably doing?16. M: Mind if I put my raincoat here on the wall?W: Not at all. But please shake it off outside first, would you?Q: What does the woman tell the man?17. W: Aren’t we supposed to have Prof. Cardon’s physics class?M: It was cancelled. We shall have Miss Everson’s English class instead.Q: What class or classes will they have?18. W: I can hardly hear what the teacher is saying.M: I don’t understand why he doesn’t speak a bit louder before such a big audience.Q: Why is the woman complaining?Conversation OneM: Would you like to play snooker?W: I’ve never tried it before, but I’d like to learn. Can you show me how to play? It looks very difficult.M: The rules are quite simple. Stand like this and hold the end of the cue in one hand. Put the other hand on the table, behind the ball you want to hit.W: Like this?M: This leg must be straight. That’s right. Put your head closer to the cue, so that you can see the exact direction that you will hit the ball in. That’s good.W: Now, I hit the white ball onto the other balls and try to hit them into the pockets, right?M: Yes, that’s right. You can see that there are 15 colored balls. Seven have stripes and seven have spots. The last ball is black.W: We take it in turns to hit the white ball and try to hit one of our balls into the pockets, right? If I hit a stripe into a pocket first, I play stripes, don’t I? We each play our balls—stripes or spots—and then we must hit the black ball into a pocket to win.M: That’s right. You’ve obviously watched people play before. OK, I’ll put all the balls into the correct starting positions and we can begin.W: The balls have numbers on them. What does that mean?M: That’s just for identification. We don’t need to worry about that when we are just playing for fun.19. Where did this conversation probably take place?20. Which is TRUE about the snooker according to the conversation?21. According to the man, what do the numbers on the balls mean?Conversation TwoW: Hey, Ray, what are you doing right now?M: Not much, Joanna. Do you want to hang out?W: Yes, I do. I’m at home myself right now with nothing much to do.M: Me, too. What would you like to do?W: Well, we could go to a movie. Have you seen Shrek 2?M: I have, actually. How about the movie, Million Dollar Baby?W: Hmm... I’ve seen that, too. We could go for a walk in the park.M: We could, but it looks like it’s going to rain soon.W: I guess that’s right. Why don’t we go shopping?M: I’d really rather not. I’ll be too tempted to buy something that I can’t afford!W: OK. I guess we’d better not do that, either, then. What do you want to do?M: I don’t know. Do you want to go bowling at the new bowling alley on 1st street?W: I would like to, but I injured my wrist last week.M: Let’s see. Do you want to go to a bar and sing some karaoke?W: That sounds interesting, but I can’t drink alcohol with the medicine I’m taking.M: Doesn’t sound like that’ll be fun, then. Do you want to come here?W: I don t have a car.M: Goodness, we’re not having much luck here, are we?W: Why don’t you come here? We could play poker cards!M: That sounds great! See you then!22. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?23. Why don’t they go to a movie?24. Why don’t they sing karaoke?25. What will the man probably do?Passage OneAmericans are great law followers. Driving habits illustrate their respect for the law. A driver will usually stop for a red light, even when there are no other cars around. People treat the lines marking streets and roads as definite boundaries, not just decorations. Vehicles yield to those with right of way. Actually, though, drivers don’t always keep traffic rules. For example, many drivers ignore freeway speed limits. But Americans generally drive with careful attention to the rules. History gives several clues to explain Americans attitude towards the law. The US Constitution, the basis of all laws in America, reflects many historical influences. The Magan Carta, or “Great Charter,”was one. King John of England was forced to sign this document in 1215. It placed the king under the authority of the law. No longer was the king law; rather, the law was king. America’s Christian heritage has also shaped how people view the law. For one thing, the Bible reveals God’s unchanging laws which people must obey. It also teaches people to respect human authority as established by God. Of course, not everyone in America abides by the law. Crime is a growing problem. For that reason, law enforcement officials will never be out of a job. Police officers have their hands full trying to arrest lawbreakers. Detective agencies spend countless hours trying to figure out unsolved crimes. Nevertheless, most Americans still like to believe that “the long arm of the law” will eventually catch the bad guys.26. Which aspect does not account for the Americans respect for the law?27. What kind of change did the “Great Charter” bring?28. What’s the best title for the passage?Passage TwoThe first step to stop drug abuse is to know why people start to use drugs. The reasons people abuse drugs are as different as people are from one to another. But there seems to be one common thread: people seem to take drugs tochange the way they feel. They want to feel better or feel happy or to feel nothing. Sometimes, they want to forget or to remember. People often feel better about the roseleaf when they are under the influence of drugs. But the effects don’t last long. Drugs don’t solve problems. They just postpone them. No matter how far drugs may take you, it’s always a round trip. After a while, people who miss drugs may feel worse about themselves, and then they may use more drugs. If someone you know is using or abusing drugs, you can help. The most important part you can play is to be there. You can let your friends know that you care. You can listen and try to solve the problem behind your friends need to use drugs. Two people together can often solve a problem that seems too big for one person alone. Studies of heavy abusers in the United States show that they feel unloved and unwanted. They don’t have close friends to talk to. When you or your friends take the time to care for each other, you’re all helping to stop drug abuse. After all, what is a friend for?29. Why do some people abuse drugs?30. According to the passage, what is the best way to stop friends from abusing drugs?31. What are the findings of the studies about heavy drug users?Passage ThreeCare in what you eat and drink is the most important health rule; stomach upsets are the most likely travel health problem since 30% to 50% of travelers in a two week stay may experience this. If the food available is poor or limited, if you’re traveling hard and fast and therefore missing meals, or if you simply lose your appetite, you can soon start to lose weight and place your health at risk. Make sure your diet is well balanced. Eggs, tofu, beans, and nuts are all safe ways to get protein. Fruit you can peel, like bananas and oranges, is always safe and a good source of vitamins. Try to eat plenty of grains and bread. Remember that although food is generally safer if it is cooked well, overcooked food loses much of its value. If your diet isn’t well balanced or if your food intake is insufficient, it’s a good idea to take vitamin and iron pills. In hot climates make sure you drink enough—don’t rely on feeling thirsty to indicate when you should drink. Always carry a water bottle with you on long trips. Excessive sweating can lead to loss of salt and therefore weaken your muscles. Salt tablets are not a good idea as a preventative, but in places where salt is not used much, adding salt to food can help.32. Why do so many people experience stomach upset during their travel?33. Which of the following have the same effect as vitamins pills?34. What is the proper drinking habit?35. Why do people’s muscles feel weakened?。

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟卷(四)附带答案及详细解析

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟卷（四）一、听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7.5分）（共5题；共7.5分）1.What is new at Uncle Jim's farm?A. Cows.B. Sheep.C. Goats.2.What does the woman want about a new car?A. A smoother ride.B. A larger size.C. The cheaper fuel.3.What is the woman scared to do?A. Make a new dish.B. Eat the food.C. Lie to the man.4.What does the woman think of the man?A. He isn't hard-working.B. He isn't strong.C. He isn't polite.5.What does the man find hard to understand?A. How to plan a book.B. What to write about.C. Where to find the time.二、听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

（共15小题，每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）（共5题；共22.5分）6.听下面一段对话，回答问题。

（1）Who is the man in the conversation?A.The woman's father.B.The woman's friend.C.The woman's teacher.（2）When does the woman need her computer by?A.Tonight.B.Tomorrow night.C.Friday morning.7.听下面一段对话，回答问题。

大学英语英语四级模拟题(包含答案) (4)

大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. All parts of this sewing machine are ______ so that it is very simple to get replacements for them.A. mechanizedB. minimizedC. modernizedD. standardized2. All students in this university are requested to _____ with the regulations.A. yieldB. complyC. submitD. consent3. All the parts of this washing machine are _____, so that it is very convenient to replace them.A. normalizedB. modernizedC. mechanizedD. standarlized4. All their _____ have been shown up by their own deeds.A. debatesB. decorationsC. deductionsD. deceptions5. Although Asian countries are generally more _____ in social customs than Western countries, there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India.A. conservativeB. confidentialC. comprehensiveD. consistent6. He rested his neck on _____ right hand and looked me in ______ face.A. the, theB. his, hisC. the, hisD. his, the7. ______ a laser to operate, stimulated emission must predominate over absorption throughout the laser medium.A. Ordering toB. For orderingC. In order forD. The order of8. An increase in wages is an incentive _______ better work.A. toB. inC. ofD. for9. Wine and song are appropriate ________ the occasion.A. atB. toC. onD. by10. The death of the President is a loss regretted ______ all.A. toB. forC. atD. by11. A doctor by training _______ he was, he proved himself to be a greaterA. asB. thoughC. sinceD. if12. _____ the stress of examinations is over, we can all relax.A. WhileB. Even thoughC. ForD. How that13.Our city has recently started a traffic safety ______.A. legendB. souvenirC. sacrificeD. campaign14.It is believed that reserves of petrol in Iraq are ________ to last for fifty years.A. sufficientB. efficientC. persistentD. effective15. Appreciation of a piece of art work ______ studies of the art, the artists, and the periods they live in.A. consistsB. composesC. containsD. involves16.We thought there must be something__ because we hadn't heard from you for quite a long time.( )A. rightB. wrongD. Bad is17.Jenny has learned a great deal of country music since____ jin Nashville.( )A. arrivesB. arrivingC. arrivedD. had arrived18. She had completed the work all by herself,__surprised all of us.( )A. it isB. sheC. thatD. which19.Hurry up,_ you will miss the first train. ( )A.andB.thenC.butD.or that20.The shirt doesn't fit me.it's. small for me. ( )A.to muchB.much tooC.too many二、翻译（共5小题，每小题3分；共计15分）1、他用所有的积蓄为儿子买了一辆自行车。

其它技巧-大学英语四级全真模拟(四)

大学英语四级全真模拟(四)洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌[1] 作文Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Get Prepared for a Job. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:1. 求职之前必须准备充分；2. 你认为大学生在校期间应该如何为将来求职作准备？[2] 快速阅读Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Unemployment ‘Blessings’Community InvolvementFor Lisa Perez, the wakeup call was burned pork chops. An executive who previou sly hadn’t been particularly interested in home and health had become obsessed with homemaking during a stint of unemployment.Ms. Perez, 35, resolved to become an active volunteer for the duration of her search. She gave her time to a health-care concern, a housing program and a political campaign.The work bolstered her self-confidence. "Volunteering takes the focus off of you. One thing you have that’s still valuable is your time. And, of course, you learn that there are thousands of people with a l ife that’s much worse than yours," she says. Volunteer assignments are also great ways to meet powerful and well-connectedpeople. Over a six-month period, her volunteering evolved into working as a paid consultant and then as a full-time employee, a job she still holds today. In all, she was unemployed for eight months.Continuing EducationEven as the economy improves, a jobless executive may face up to a year or more of unemployment. This is a lot of time, especially for hard-charging high-performers who are not used to having any free time.When laid off from the position of executive in a steel company near Cleveland, Mr. Bellavance, single and virtually debt free, shifted his finances into survival mode. He cashed out his pension, sold his ho use, unloaded things he didn’t need at garage sales, and rented an apartment with a roommate. Then, he says, "I signedup for every benefit I could find."But he wasn’t just waiting out the year. He spent the rest of his search updating his skills, including becoming certified in new database, project-management software and other related areas."People should not feel guilty about accepting government aid," he says, "I saw this in a lot of people. They felt they were some kind of loser for taking bene fits. My advice is: Get all you can. You’ve been paying for these programs in your entire career, and you may as well start to benefit from them."Family MattersIn addition to pursuing training or volunteering, some displaced careerists use their time off work to attend to family matters. Many executives rediscover their children or find time to help their parents.Stanford Rappaport held three jobs in San Francisco, including high-tech and teaching positions. When he was laid off from the high-tech job last year, he knew it might be a long slog before he could get another post like it in the Bay Area.Mr. Rappaport’s remaining job, a part-time faculty position with City College of San Francisco, didn’t pay enough to support him. After a couple of months of searching with no results, he decided to escape the Northern California jobs meltdown. "My plan," he says, "was to get out of an expensive living situation, and either seek work in another section of the U.S. or overseas, for those two years." Mr. Rappaport, who speaks five languages, had worked overseas before.Before he found an assignment, his Arkansas-based mother was diagnosed with a serious chronic illness, and he was called into duty as a son. Mr. Rappaport was ableto help his mother get her affairs in order not to interrupt his search by using a San Francisco mail drop and cell phone. "I continued to look for work in California while I was in Fayetteville, Ark., helping my mother through this crisis."Mr. Rappaport’s stay in Arkansas lasted six months. "It’s amazing that at this stage I had the opportunity to spend a significant amount of time with my mother and improve her life and get a lot of things done for her. Most people never have that opportunity. I’m very thankful that I had t he chance. It was absolutely worth it," he says.One of the unexpected benefits was the huge boost in confidence he gained from his role as caregiver. He’d been feeling depressed and defeated when he left California, but after returning, he felt renewed. He landed a job with a former employer after returning to San Francisco and remains a part-time faculty member.Discovery and ExplorationInstead of spending time off lamenting your unemployed status, ask yourself: "Is there something I’ve always wanted to do but haven’t because of the demands of my job?"Michael Ross, 42, a former IT administrator in El Cerrito, Calif., recently spent his 10 months of unemployment playing guitar and exploring his lifelong interest in scriptwriting and the movie business. "After 18 years at my former employer and how hard I had worked, I knew I had to recover, to get restored,"he says, "I looked at this as an opportunity, rather than a penalty. This was very much about clearing space for me."At the executive level, even a very efficient and successful job search may be quite lengthy. It makes sense to spend that time in an enriching and productive manner. These job seekers pursued service, continuing education and shoring up family bonds. How you’ll look back on a period of unemployment depends on what you do with it.1. This passage mainly tells that being unemployed is actually lucky.2. Lisa Perez found a new interest in homemaking during the period of unemployment.3. Lisa Perez was always idle during the period of her unemployment.3. Being a volunteer is helpful because volunteer assignments can provide you with chances to meet powerful and well-connected people.4. After she got a new job, Lisa Perez regretted that she had done volunteering work.5. Unemployment means a lot of time, especially for those hard-charging executiveswho are not used to having any free time.6. Mr. Bellavance spent the rest of his search updating his skills such as computing.7. When unemployed, in addition to pursuing training or volunteering, some careerists take the opportunity to be in charge of all the domestic affairs.8. After staying with his sick mother as caregiver in Arkansas for six months, Mr. Rappaport unexpectedly gained9. Michael Ross resigned and spent part of his unemployment time playing guitar and exploring his lifelong interest in10. During the off-work period, the unemployed people can pursue service, continuing education and“成千上万人疯狂下载。

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟英语试题(四)(含答案解析)

2021好题精选模拟卷四第I卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15题；每题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

ANOTTINGHAM FORUM（论坛）GEOFF HOON“__________(24)”Geoff Hoon is one of Britain’s most experienced politicians.Mr Hoon joined the Foreign and Commonwealth office in May 1999 as Minister of State with responsibility for Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East and North Africa; he was then made Minister for Europe. Later, in 1999, Mr Hoon joined Tony Blair’s Cabinet（内阁）as Secretary of State for Defence, where he oversaw four major deployments（部署）of British troops, including to Iraq. After the 2022 general election he became leader of the House of Commons and earlier this year (2022) he was appointed as Minister for Europe again.On Friday 24th November Mr Horn is visiting Nottingham to address Forum. He will speak about his experience in the public spotlight, and explain what life as a Cabinet Minister is really like.There will be an opportunity for questions after the talk, which is open to all students and staff at NottinghamUniversity. Please arrive early as there are limited spaces and nobody will be admitted once the event had begun.FRIDAY 24TH NOVEMBER4 O’LOCKA48 SIR CLIVE GRANGER (GEOGRAPHY & ECONOMICS)FREE ENTRY21. At the time of the writing, Geoff Hoon was a ______.A. retired politicianB. university scholarC. state leaderD. military consultant22. Whoever wanted to attend were advised to “arrive early” in order ______.A. to be allowed to ask questionsB. to be admitted to the talkC. not to interrupt the speakerD. to find a place closer to the speaker23. By “A48 SIR CLIVE GRANGER”, the writer gives information about ______.A. who was organizing the eventB. where the event was to take placeC. how one could get admittedD. how old the lecturer was24. The topic of the talk missing in the 3rd line (blank) should be ______.A. Life in the CabinetB. An Excellent LecturerC. Top State Secrets to Be Let OutD. Analysis of World SituationBGeorgia Aquarium is open 365 days a year. Please note that hours of operation do vary．Last ticket sold and entry is 30 minutes before closing time．Regular HoursSunday—Friday：10 a．m．—5 P．m．Saturday：9 a．m．—6 p．m．Summer Hours：May 27-August 16Monday-Saturday：9 a．m．—9 P．m．Sunday：9 a．m．—6 p．m．Full Price Total TicketAdult(ages 13-64)：$38.95Child(ages 3-12)：$32.95Senior(age 65+)：$34.95Total Ticket Online DiscountAdult(ages 13-64)：$35.95Child(ages 3-12)：$29.95Senior(age 65+)：$31.95Animal Encounters：$59.95Beluga＆Friends Interactive Program：$179.95 Journey with Gentle Giants Immersion Program：$234.95 AT&T Dolphin TalesOur new dolphin gallery, theater and show are now open．The gallery and viewing window are open to general admission guests periodically throughout the day．Show times vary each day, so check for times when you are purchasing general admission tickets．Don’t forget-AT&T Dolphin Tales is included in Total Ticket general admission，so don’t miss this spectacular show !4D Theater—Deepo’s Undersea 3D Wondershow Presented by AT&TWith multiple shows throughout the day,be sure to catch this unique experience at Georgia Aquarium．Admission to the 4D Theater is included in Total Ticket general admission!Journey with Gentle Giants Immersion ProgramSwim or scuba dive in the Ocean Voyager exhibit，built by The Home Depot．Swims are daily at 4：30 p．m．，and scuba dives are daily at 3 p．m．and Saturday and Sunday at ll a．m．Spots are limited，so it’s best to book in advance．Beluga&Friends Interactive ProgramInteract with belugas and harbor seals in the Georgia-Pacific Cold Water Quest gallery．This animal interaction occurs daily at 10 a．m．and 1：30 p．m．Spots are limited，so it’s best to book in advance．Animal EncountersInteract with a penguin daily at l1：30 a．m．and l：45 p．m．You can also experience a special encounter with a dolphin．Spots are limited，so it’s best to book in advance．25．How much can they save if grandparents in their seventies with a 10-year-old boy visit Georgia Aquarium with online tickets?A．$3． B．$6． C．$9． D．$1226．Which of the following about AT&T Dolphin Tales is TRUE?A．It is open all day long to visitors．B．It is really worth watching for visitors．C．Visitors have to pay extra money to watch it．D．visitors should book their tickets in advance．27．With a Total Ticket，visitors are allowed to visit________．A．Animal EncountersB．Beluga&Friends Interactive ProgramC．4D Theater-Deepo’s Undersea 3D WondershowD．Journey with Gentle Giants Immersion ProgramCHow Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company. During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise.He had a perfect résumé and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding. He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting (避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of eye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out, but will not miss that opportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our understanding of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions.Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult, employers who can eliminate invalid biases (偏见) from the process have a distinct advantage. My company, Mindsets LLC, helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots. A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make.“During my Mindsets coaching session, I was taugh t how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets. The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company. When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to say in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce. “Through on e of the sessions, I discovered my personal bias,” he recalls. “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person, and be ing open to differences.” In his case, the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management positi on open in my department; and the two finalists were a man and a woman. Had I not attended this workshop, I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel. My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position, I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel.” Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incor rect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation, I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilit ies and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision.” Dale credits the workshop, “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness.”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops. He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year. In my ignorance, I assumed he had his dates wrong’, as the first of January had just passed. When I advised him of this, I gave him a tong talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates.“He patiently waited, then when I was done, he said he would like Chinese New Year off, not the Weste rn New Year. He explained politely that in his culture the new year did not begin January first, and that Chinese New Year, which is tied to the lunar cycle, is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar. Needless to say, I felt very embarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up. But I learned a great deal about assumptions, and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture.“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with toy employees, rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all,” Doug admits. “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.”A Better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally, it is profitable as well. These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improve sales. “Most of my customers speak English as a second language. One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone. It wasn’t until my boss received Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness wa s to customer service. As a result, our customer base has increased.”Once we start to see people as individuals, and discard the stereotypes, we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone. Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities. It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity.When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past, from the media, peers, family, friends, etc., we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values. We need to train ourselves to think differently, shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us, creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone.28. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _______.A. racial stereotypesB. invalid personal biasC. cultural ignoranceD. emphasis on physical appearance29. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A. A real estate agency.B. A personnel training company.C. A cultural exchange organization.D. A hi-tech company.30. After one of the workshops, account executive Dale realized that ____.A. he had hired the wrong personB. he could have done more for his companyC. he had not managed his workforce wellD. he must get rid of his gender bias31. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A. It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B. It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C. It helped him make fair decisions.D. It met participants’ diverse needs.DThat’s enough, kidsIt was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.“I’d watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he’d shoved,” she says.” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ’No, we don’t push,” What happened next was unexpected.“The boy’s mother ran toward me from across the park,” Stella says,” I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?”Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people’s children has be come a minefield.In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister’s house it’s encouraged. For her, it’s about kids being kids:”If you can’t do it at three, when can you do it?”Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my s on loves visiting his aunt’s house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at mine. That’s OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you’re talking to t he children of friends or acquaintances.“Kids aren’t all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University.” But there is still an idea that they’re the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you’re saying that my child is be having inappropriately, then that’s somehow a criticism of me.”In those circumstances, it’s difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.“I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that ’we don’t do that here’ is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different settings.”He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if they’re there and ask them to deal with it,” she says.Asked how to approach a parent in this situa tion, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers:”Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: ’I know you’ll think I’m silly but in m y house I don’t want…’”When it comes to situations where you’re caring for another child, white is straightforward: “common sense must prevail. If things don’t go well, then have a chat.”There’re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate. “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children.”For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rules are different now from when today’s parents were growing up,” he says,“Adults are scared of saying: ’don’t swear’, or asking a child to stand up on a bus.They’re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out –either from older children, or their parents.”He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (礼貌), and says that adults suffer form it as much as child.Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.”“it’s about what I’m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. ”the days when a kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said, ‘you probably deserved it’. Are over. Now the par ents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.”This jumping to our children’s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. You know that if you remonstrate(劝诫) wit h the child, you’re going to have to deal with the parent. it’s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,” White says. “I suspect that it’s only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school –better –educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.”White believes our notions of a more child-centred, it’s a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We’re centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children.”One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi’s intervention(干预) on her son’s behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy’s mother.As Bianchi approached the park bench where sh e’d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if h e was challenged.”Andrew Fuller doesn’t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people’s kids. “look at kids that aren’t your own as a potential minefield,” he says. He recommends that we don’t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly wi th regular visitors.32. What did Stella Bianchi ex pect the young boy’s mother to do when she talked to him?A. make an apologyB. come over to interveneC. discipline her own boyD. take her own boy away33. Due to the child-centric nature of our society,A. parents are worried when their kids swear at themB. people think it improper to criticize kids in publicC. people are reluctant to point our kids’ wrongdoingsD. many conflicts arise between parents and their kids34. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep, .A. it’s easy for people to become impatientB. it’s difficult to create a code of conductC. it’s important to be friendly to everybodyD. it’s hard for people to admire each other35. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?A. th ey’d question the teachersB. they’d charge up to the schoolC. they’d tell the kids to clam downD. They’d put the blame on their kids第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

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并通过列举一些失业者的经历，论证失业并非就是完全令人沮丧的灾难。

1. N 大意题。

文章述及数人失业后给各自生活带来了令人意想不到的好处，并未表明失业即福的观点。

2. Y 先找到Lisa Perez这个名字。

Community Involvement标题下第一段 "...become obsessed with homemaking..." 即证明了该命题表述正确。

3. Y Community Involvement标题下的第四段提到"...to meet powerful and well connected people." 所以该陈述是正确的。

4. N Community Involvement标题下的第三段，Perez 说"Volunteering takes the focus off of you. O ne thing you have that’s still valuable is your time. And, of course, you learn that there are thousands of people with a life that’s much worse than yours," 可见Perez并没有后悔做义务工作。

5. Y 标题Continuing Education下的第一段第二句话"This is a lot of time, especially for hard-charging high-performers who are not used to having any free time."表明了该陈述正确。

6. NG 先从文章中找到 Bellavance 这个名字，然后细读会发现文章并没有明确提及他提高自己的计算技能。

7. N 根据domestic affairs可基本确定此题信息出自标题Family matters中的内容，在第一段找到对应句"In addition to pursuing training or volunteering, some displaced careerists use their time off work to attend to family matters."，由此可以断定他们只是更多地参与到家庭事务中，绝非全权掌管家事，所以陈述不对。

8. a huge boost/increase in confidence 陈述中的人名就是关键信息词，内容属于标题Family matters中的事例，在最后一段第一句话提到"One of the unexpected benefits was the huge boost in confidence he gained from his role as caregiver."，所以Mr. Rappaport意外的收获就是信心大增。

9. scriptwriting and the movie business 同样根据人名锁定陈述对应的句子在标题Discovery and Exploration的第二段"Michael Ross...recently spent his 10 months of unemployment playing guitar and exploring his lifelong interest in scriptwriting and the movie business."，直接填空即可。

10. shoring up family bonds 本题为全文"unemployment ‘blessings’"的总结，自然应该在文章最后一段寻找相关内容，对应的句子是"These job seekers pursued service, continuing education and shoring up family bonds"，同样可以直接填空。

Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. B 12. D 13. D 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. B 22. A 23.C 24. A 25. A11. M: Excuse me, can you please tell me how to get to the people’s bank of China?W: Sure. Go straight for two blocks, then turn left and walk three more blocks until you get to the drugstore. It’s right across the street.Q: How far must the man walk to get to the bank?12. W: I’m crazy about the blue woolen sweater in the window. Could I see it, please?M: We’re about to mark down all of our winter goods, including our jackets, suits, and woolen sweaters in several colors. Why don’t you wait until Friday?Q: What does the man suggest that the woman do?13. W: Did you hear that the neighborhood convenience store was held up last night?M: Yes, I heard it on the radio this morning.Q: What happened at the convenience store last night?14. W: Don’t wolf down your lunch. It’s not good for you.M: Ok, mom, but the boys will be here any min ute, and I don’t want to miss the game.Q: What did the woman ask her son not to do?15. W: This is Mrs. Jones. My heater is not getting any power and the temperature is going to get down below freezing. Could you come over and fix it?M: This is our busiest time of the year, but I will speak to one of our men about getting over there sometime today.Q: Who has Mrs. Jones called to come over?16. M: Did you hear Eva’s presentation in the meeting last night?W: How she could be so calm in front of such a large audience is really beyond me.Q: What does the woman imply?17. M: You know I’m not too sure if the new salary will be high enough or if even the new position is really what I want. Besides, I like the work that I’mdoing now.W: It sounds as though you’ve already made up your mind about what you are going to do.Q: What is the man thinking about?18. W: I’m getting absolutely nowhere with these physics problems.M: How about my going through them with you?Q: What does the man mean?Now you’ll hear two long conversations.Conversation OneM: Excuse me, I understand that this office helps students with housing. Is that right?W: Are you a student in the intensive English program? May I see your ID card? Um, yes, we can certainly help you. Where are you staying now?M: I just arrived yesterday. I’m staying at the hotel across the street.W: Okay, please complete this form. Will you be living alone or do you have a family with you? Or, would you be interested in sharing housing?M: Yes, I have a wife and child. They aren’t here yet, but they’ll be coming as soon as I am settled in. My daughter is 4.W: We have two choices available. This two-bedroom is two blocks from campus, but it doesn’t have central heat and air. There is a slot in the wall for a unit air conditioner if you want one. It’s $ 500 a month. Then, for $ 650 a month, there is this one. It’s in a modern apartment complex, about 10 minutes from the university by bicycle, but it’s closer to shopping, a mov ie theater, and other things. And the complex has a swimming pool and laundromat(自助洗衣店).M: Could I see them both? I’m not sure which I would want at the moment. Sure I’d love to be closer to school, but my wife and daughter would probably like the benefits of the other one.W: Sure. We can go right now if you would like.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. Where is the man living currently?20. What size apartment does the man need?21. What does the man think is the most important difference between the two apartments the woman discusses?22. What is the biggest drawback of the less expensive apartment according to the woman?“成千上万人疯狂下载。

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