初中英语名词考点小结

名词复数的规则变化(4)
以f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时：
a. 加-s roof---roofs
b. 去f, fe 加-ves thief---thieves wife---wives knife---knives wolf---wolves shelf---shelves half---halves leaf---leaves life---lives 总结：小偷和妻子用架子上的小刀结束了狼和树叶 的半条命
但是可以加上一些表示单位的名词来够成短语:
a ____ of paper / bread / meat / work / advice piece a ____ of tea / coffee a ____of water / milk a ____ of glasses / trousers / gloves cup glass/bottle pair
C , dear children! 6、Help yourselves to some _____ A. fishs B. fishes C. fish D. the fish B 7、--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ? --- Certainly. A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of water C. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters 8、Are they going to have a picnic on _______ ? A A. Children’s Day B. Childrens’s Day C. Childrens Day D. Children Day 9、_____ C hard work it is! A. What a B. How C. What D. How a 10、I met two _____ D in the street yesterday morning. A. German B. Australian C. American D. Japanese D are going to England for a holiday. 11、 _____ A. The Wang B. Wang’s C. The Wang’s D. The Wangs
总结：牙脚鹅
goose-- geese
名词复数的不规则变化(1)
child - children
mouse -- mice
名词复数的不规则变化(2)
man -- men men doctors
woman -- women
women teachers
a German
some Germans
American --Americans
中考有关名词的试题
C 1、These _________ have saved many children’s lives. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor D 2、This is _________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Anne and Jane B. Anne’s and Jane’s C. Anne’s and Jane D. Anne and Jane’s D 3、---Are there any ________ on the farm? ---Yes, there are some. A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep C 4、 ---What would you like to drink, ________ or orange? ---Orange, please. A. hamburger B. chip C. tea B turn yellow in autumn. 5、 _____ A. Leaf B. Leaves C. Leave D. Leafs
普通名词又分为四类
1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的 个体，如：student,desk,apple。
2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的 集合体，如：class,team,family。
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3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实 物，如：rice,water,milk。
4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、 感情等抽象概念，如：love,life,work。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns） 物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）
所以一般情况下我们所说的名词复数指的就是可数名词的复数问题
Australian--Australians
Canadian--Canadians
a policeman
some policemen
Englishman – Englishmen
Frenchman -- Frenchmen
一些需要强调的表示人的名词复数
名词复数的不规则变化(3):单复数形式相同
one sheep
初中英语名词考点小结
I hope everyone can make success in education exam.
Ms.Zhang
名词的分类
专有名词（Proper Nouns） 普通名词 (Common Nouns） 专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有 的名称，如Beijing，China等。 普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的 名词，如：book，sadness等。
名词复数的规则变化(1)
一般情况
加 -s
1.清辅音后读/s/
map-maps
book-books
2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/
bag-bags
car-cars
名词复数的规则变化(2)
以s, sh, ch,x 等结尾的词
加 -es
读 /iz/
bus-buses watch-watches
bridge- bridges
想一想：我们学过的名词还有哪些和fish的用法相同？
必须注意的若干名词方面的问题(1)
a.有些词既可数又不可数但意思不同: paper time glass room fish … 报纸/试卷/文件/讲义 – 纸张 次数/倍数 – 时间 玻璃杯 – 玻璃 房间 – 空间 鱼 – 鱼肉
b.有些词虽以-s结尾但却是单数: news , math(s) , physics , politics, ... c.有些词始终是复数形式: people(人们), clothes, trousers, glasses(眼镜) , works(著作), times(时代)... 有些词通常都是复数形式: shoes, gloves, …
a.“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时该名词用单数形式
a two-month holiday an 8-year-old boy the boys’ 400-metre race
总结：数字连字符用原型
必 须 注 意 的 特 殊 用 法
people people
b.关于几个表示数量的单位词 hundreds / thousands / millions of 9 hundred / thousand / million 总结：确切数字用原型，概述s加of
名词复数的规则变化(5)
a tomato
some tomatoes
初中阶段以o结尾的名词复数主要是加- s,只有这几个加-
es:
Heroes love tomatoes and potatoes.
some potatoes
some heroes
foot -- feet
tooth -- teeth
以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词
加 -s
读 /iz/
exercise-exercises
名词复数的规则变化(3)
以辅音字母+y结尾的词 变y 为i 再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies factory---factories
以y 结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加-s变复数： two Marys monkey---monkeys the Henrys holiday---holidays
必须注意的若干名词方面的问题(2)
d. people有两种意思:人/人们;民族
There are 56 peoples in China. There are 56 people in the room. 民族(加-s构成复数) 人(们)(本身就是复数)
e.这些是最常见的不可数名词,一般都没有复数形式 news, information, weather, work(工作), bread, knowledge, advice, fun
根据句意和所给首字母写出所缺的单词。 ame 1. “What’s your n_______?” “Li Lei.” aughers does your uncle have? 2. How many d_______ indow It’s cold outside. 3. Please close the w______. 4. If you want study English well, you must pay attention to your p________. ronuncation nventions in the world. 5. A computer is one of the greatest i_________ 6. Zhang Hui is very excited. He will go to Japan with his p_______ arents during the Spring Festival. 7. At the a______ of seven, the lonely girl had to work to ge make living. 8. It’s only about an h_____ our’s flight from Qingdao to Beijing by air. 9. Health is more important to me than m_______. oney eroes 10、Yang Liwei and Za Zhigang are h_____. inger when I grow up. 11、I want to be a s______
two sheep
总结：羊鹿鱼
a Chinese
two Chinese
a Japanese
several Japanese
one fish 一条鱼 可数名词
three fish
三条鱼
fishes 不同种类的鱼／各种 各样的鱼
不可数名词
some fish一些鱼肉
名词复数的不规则变 化(4): “fish”