电气工程及其自动化专业英语专业英语-词-转换增译省译

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2019/9/7
8
形容词转译成汉语名词
Television is different from radio in that it sends and receives a picture. 电视和无线电的区别在于电视发送和接收的是图 像
A body that recovers completely and resumes its original dimensions is said to be perfectly elastic. 能完全恢复并复原到原始尺寸的物体称为完全弹 性体
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动词转译成汉语形容词
Light waves differ in frequency just as sound waves do. 同声波一样,光波也有不同的频率
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转译成汉语副词
The language allows a concise expression of arithmetic and logic processes. 这种语言能简要地表达算术和逻辑过程
On May 2 , he had an experiment on this kind circuit. 5月2号,他就这种电路做了个实验
This light bulb has a resistance of 120 ohms. 这个灯泡电阻为120欧姆
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省译动词
This diode produces about nine times more radiant power than that one. 这只二极管的放射功率比那只大八倍
Copper wire allows a larger current to flow than does iron wire 与铁丝相比,铜丝能通过的电流更大。
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省译名词
This method is the most widely used method of P-N junction formation in the fabrication of function electric blocks.
The flow of electrons is from the negative zinc plate to the positive copper plate. 电子从负极流向正极
I have no objection to your plan. 我不反对你们的计划
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形容词转译成汉语动词
The causes of these failures are far from clearing. 这些故障的原因远没有弄清楚
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动词转译成汉语名词
Neutrons act differently from protons. 中子的作用不同于质子
An electron or an atom behaves in some ways as though it were a group of waves. 电子或原子的性状多少有点像一组波
Had we known it in time, we would have prevented the accident. 要是我们及时知道那件事,事故本来可以防止的。
2019/9/7
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根据原文语法概念而增译(续)
Were there no electric pressure in a conductor, the electron flow would not take place in it. 导体内如果没有电压,就不会产生电子流动现象
一些表示心理活动、心理状态和含有动词意义的形 容词常常可以转译成汉语动词。如:aware, ignorant,careful,familiar,available等。
It is desirable to transform high voltage into low voltage by means of a transformer in an AC system. 我们希望通过交流系统中的变压器把高压电变为低压电。
The added device will ensure accessibility for part loading and unloading. 增添这种装置将保证工件装卸方便
2019/9/7
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词义的增减
英汉两种语言的表达方式是不同的。在句子结构 不完整,含义不明确或词汇概念不清晰时,就需 要对语意加以补足。而如果有些词在译文中不言 而喻,就要省略一些不必要的词,使得译文更加 简炼,严谨。
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词的省译
英语句子中需要的词,汉语句子中不一定需要。 为使译文符合汉语的表达习惯,应将一些汉语中 不该出现的词省略不译,这就是所谓的省译法。
英语中的冠词、代词和连词在译文中往往可以省 略。
在某些情况下,介词、动词,名词也可以省译 同义词或近义词的省译
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省译冠词
冠词:a, an, the
A transistor is a device controlling the flow of electricity in a circuit 晶体管是在电路中控制电流的器件
Hence the unit of electric current is the ampere. 因此,电流的单位是安培
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省译代词
代词:one, this, that, these, those
One can never be too careful in one’s work. 工作越仔细越好
If you permit the current to flow longer, more heat will be produced. 电流通过的时间越长,产生的热量越多
2019/9/7
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代词转译成汉语名词
The voltage induced in the core is small, because it is essentially a winding having but one turn. 铁芯的感应电压小,因为铁芯实质上是一个只有 一匝的绕组
This means the permittivity of oil is greater than that of air. 这就意味着油的介电系数大于空气的介电系数
If they should not get the data, they would not know and solve the problem. 如果他们没有得到这些数据,他们就不可能弄明白 这个问题,更不能解决这个问题。
2019/9/7
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为符合汉语表达习惯而增译
These motors are expensive, but good. 这批马达很贵,但质量很好
在制造功能块时,最广泛使用的便是这种P- N 结形成方法。
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省译同义或近义词
The mechanical energy can be changed backed into electrical energy by means of a generator or dynamo. 通过发电机可把机械能再转变成电能
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副词转译成汉语形容词
Gases conduct best at low pressure. 气体在低压下导电性能最佳
This communication system is chiefly characterized by its simplicity of operation. 这种通讯系统的主要特点是操作简单
词的翻译
词类的转换 词的增译和省译 重复法
2019/9/7
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词类的转换
英汉两种语言在词汇的使用上有很大不同。
汉语多使用动词,科技英语多使用名词; 英语有许多名词派生的动词,及由名词转用的动词; 汉语里形容词可做谓语,英语里形容词只能用作定语
词类转换主要分为以下几种情况:
Insulators in reality conduct electricity but, nevertheless, their resistance is very high. 绝缘体实际上也导电,只是其电阻相当高而已。
2019/9/7
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名词转译成汉语形容词
Thus, the addition of the inductor prevents the current from building up or going down quickly. 这样,增加的电感器阻止电流的快速增长或下 降
The electric conductivity has great importance in selecting electrical materials. 在选择电气材料时导电性是很重要的。
转译成汉语动词 转译成汉语名词 转译成 汉语形容词 转译成汉语副词
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名词转译成汉语动词
一些含有动作意义的名词可以转译成动词,如 attempt,use,support,love;或是由动词派生出 来的名词,如arrangement,acquaintance, operation, arrival等。
2019/9/7
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副词转译成汉语名词
Such magnetism, because it is electrically produced, is called electromagnetism. 由于这种磁性产生于电,所以称为电磁.
The device is shown schematically in Fig 2. 图2是这种装置的简图
增译 根据语义 根据原文语法概念 根据汉语表达习惯
省译:冠词、介词、动词、代词、连词、同义或近义词
2019/9/7
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根据语义增译
原文如果无其词,但有其义时,翻译时应该增加相 应的词语。 The molecules get closer and closer with the pressure. 随着压力的增加,分子越来越接近 Glass is fragile, therefore it should be handled carefully. 因为玻璃易碎,所以要轻拿轻放。
2Leabharlann Baidu19/9/7
16
根据原文语法概念而增译
英语的名词复数,动词时态、语气和连词等概念 可以通过增译在汉语中体现出来。
After watching for years, he discovered important phenomena. 观察数年之后(经过数年的观察),他发现了许多 重要的现象。
We should be aware of the whole circumstances. 我们应该摸清(掌握)全部情况
2019/9/7
4
介词转译成汉语动词
英语中很多介词在古英语中曾是动词。在翻译 时也常把它们转译成汉语的动词。
The letter E is commonly used for electromotive force. 通常用字母E表示电动势
In any machine, input work equals output plus work done against friction. 任何机器的输入功都等于输出功加上克服摩擦力所 做的功
2019/9/7
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动名词转译成汉语动词
Changing the resistance is a method of controlling the flow of current. 改变电阻是控制电路中电流流动的一种方法
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省译连词
Early people got up at sunrise and went to bed at sunset. 古人日出而作,日落而息。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。
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省译介词
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